WO2019100657A1 - 一种单孔雾化喷油器及其前置雾化结构 - Google Patents

一种单孔雾化喷油器及其前置雾化结构 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019100657A1
WO2019100657A1 PCT/CN2018/084176 CN2018084176W WO2019100657A1 WO 2019100657 A1 WO2019100657 A1 WO 2019100657A1 CN 2018084176 W CN2018084176 W CN 2018084176W WO 2019100657 A1 WO2019100657 A1 WO 2019100657A1
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Prior art keywords
flow
hole
swirling
splitter
grooves
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PCT/CN2018/084176
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李永学
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广西卡迪亚科技有限公司
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Priority to US16/766,298 priority Critical patent/US11225937B2/en
Publication of WO2019100657A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019100657A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/162—Means to impart a whirling motion to fuel upstream or near discharging orifices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M61/1853—Orifice plates
    • F02M61/186—Multi-layered orifice plates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
    • F02M51/061—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/04—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00 having valves, e.g. having a plurality of valves in series
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M61/1806—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for characterised by the arrangement of discharge orifices, e.g. orientation or size

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of fuel injectors, and in particular to a front atomization structure of a single-hole atomizing injector.
  • the invention further relates to a single orifice atomizing injector comprising the above described front atomizing structure.
  • a fuel injector is a fuel injection system
  • a fuel injection system is a fuel supply device that uses a fuel injector to directly inject a certain amount of fuel into a cylinder or an intake port under a certain pressure.
  • a gasoline injection system a diesel injection system, a gas fuel injection system, and the like.
  • it can be divided into mechanical control, electronic control and electromechanical hybrid control.
  • the injector receives the injection pulse signal from the ECU to accurately control the fuel injection amount.
  • the spray characteristics of the injector include atomization particle size, oil mist distribution, oil beam direction, range and diffusion cone angle.
  • fuel injectors There are many types of fuel injectors, and the parts on them are also complicated.
  • the atomization structure is a very important part.
  • the atomization structure of the electronically controlled injector mainly includes a valve body and a valve hole (or a nozzle hole), etc., when the valve core on the valve seat is lifted by an electromagnetic driving mechanism or other equivalent driving mechanism, the gasoline
  • the diameter of the valve hole is very small, up to the order of 10 -4 m.
  • the electronically controlled fuel injector has a circular or annular shape, the fuel atomization effect is poor, the atomized particle size is large, the liquid beam is easily formed, and the atomization fineness is low.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a front atomization structure of a single-hole atomizing injector, which can improve the fineness of fuel atomization, refine the atomization particle size, and improve the fuel atomization effect.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a single-hole atomizing injector including the above-described front atomizing structure.
  • the present invention provides a front atomization structure of a single-hole atomizing injector, comprising a pipe body and a mounting sleeve disposed therein, and one end of the mounting sleeve is mounted for accommodating the valve core a valve seat, wherein the valve seat bottom is provided with a valve hole, and further comprises a splitter piece, a flow piece, a swirling piece and a measuring piece mounted at the other end of the mounting sleeve, the splitter piece being in close contact with a bottom surface of the valve seat, the flow sheet is closely attached to the bottom surface of the flow piece, the swirling sheet is in close contact with the bottom surface of the flow sheet, and the measuring piece is closely attached to the bottom surface of the swirling sheet;
  • a plurality of radially extending flow channels for splitting a fluid beam passing through the valve hole into a plurality of strands
  • the flow plate is provided with a plurality of overflow holes, and the projections of each of the flow holes and the corresponding split grooves on the horizontal surface have overlapping portions;
  • the swirling fin is provided with a swirling hole, and the swirling hole is further provided with a plurality of swirling grooves communicating with the fluid to generate turbulent flow when the fluid passes, and each of the swirling grooves And the projections of the respective corresponding orifices on the horizontal plane have overlapping portions;
  • the metering sheet is provided with a metering hole for atomizing the fluid when it passes through the opening of the swirling hole.
  • the inner ends of the respective splitter grooves are in communication with each other.
  • each of the splitting troughs has a rectangular shape of equal size, and the end side walls thereof are all curved surfaces having the same curvature as the outer edge of the splitter piece.
  • the splitter piece is provided with 2 to 5 of the splitter grooves, and each of the splitter grooves is evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the splitter piece.
  • the number of the overflow holes is the same as that of the flow dividing groove, and the two are in one-to-one correspondence; each of the through-flow holes has a rectangular hole whose width is equal to the dividing groove and whose length is smaller than the dividing groove.
  • a distribution position of each of the overflow holes on the flow piece is the same as a distribution position of each of the flow dividing grooves on the flow piece, and a terminal side wall of each of the flow holes is
  • the outer peripheral edge of the flow plate has the same curved surface, and the projections of each of the overflow holes on the horizontal surface are located at the ends of the respective corresponding split grooves projected on the horizontal plane.
  • the swirling groove is provided on the swirling sheet at the same time with 2 to 5, and each of the swirling grooves is evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the swirling hole.
  • each of the swirling grooves is a rectangular groove having a groove width of 0.1 to 2 mm and a longitudinal direction thereof which is tangent to the swirling hole.
  • the metering hole has a diameter of 0.1 to 2 mm; the splitter, the flow piece and the swirling sheet have a thickness of 0.2 to 2 mm, and the measuring piece has a thickness of 0.1 to 0.5 mm.
  • the present invention also provides a single-hole atomizing injector comprising a housing and a front atomizing structure disposed therein, wherein the front atomizing structure is specifically the front atomization described in any of the above structure.
  • the front atomization structure of the single-hole atomizing injector mainly comprises a pipe body, a mounting sleeve, a valve seat, a splitter piece, a flow piece, a swirling piece and a measuring piece.
  • the mounting sleeve is disposed in the tube body, and the valve seat is mounted on one end of the mounting sleeve, wherein the valve hole is connected to the other end, and the splitter, the flow piece, the swirling sheet and the measuring piece are mounted on the mounting sleeve
  • the four are closely attached to each other and are distributed layer by layer from top to bottom.
  • a plurality of diverting grooves are disposed on the splitter piece, and each of the diverting grooves extends in the radial direction to divert the fluid beam passing through the valve hole into a plurality of strands.
  • a plurality of overflow holes are provided in the flow piece to introduce the split fluid in the splitter tank and further restrict the flow.
  • the swirling fin is provided with a swirling hole and a plurality of swirling grooves communicating therewith, each of which can introduce the fluid in the overflowing hole, and when the part of the fluid passes through the swirling groove, the bottom of the swirling groove is subjected to The occlusion of the metering piece, the part of the fluid hitting the bottom of the swirling groove will rapidly produce a sharp impact, thus forming a turbulent flow with a large Reynolds number (the initial split of the fluid through the splitter and the deep splitting of the overflow hole will form the Renault) A small number of turbulences) are concentrated in the swirling direction along the swirling direction of the swirling groove.
  • the pore size of the metering hole is small, and the pressure is suddenly increased when the fluid such as fuel passes, and the atomization effect can be generated.
  • the fluid beam forming the turbulent flow passes through the swirl hole and then passes through the metering hole, the atomization effect is obviously improved.
  • the liquid atomization is more thorough, the particle size of the atomized particles is finer, and the fuel atomization effect is improved.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic overall structural view of a specific embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the specific structure of the splitter shown in FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the specific structure of the splitter shown in FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the specific structure of the flow-through sheet shown in FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the specific structure of the swirling sheet shown in FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing the specific structure of the meter shown in FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing the specific structure of the meter shown in FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a fuel injector according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic overall structural view of a specific embodiment of the present invention.
  • the front atomization structure of the single-hole atomizing injector mainly comprises a pipe body 1, a mounting sleeve 8, a valve seat 2, a splitter piece 6, a flow-through piece 7, and a rotation.
  • the pipe body 1 is generally a casing of a single-hole atomizing injector, and may be in the form of a circular tube or a cylinder.
  • the mounting sleeve 8 is disposed in the tubular body 1 and the valve seat 2 is mounted at one end of the mounting sleeve 8.
  • the valve seat 2 is mainly used for mounting the valve core 5, and a valve hole 201 is opened on the valve seat 2 to communicate with the other end of the mounting sleeve 8 to facilitate the flow of fluid from the set of the mounting sleeve 8 into the other end.
  • the valve seat 2 and the mounting sleeve 8 can also be integrally formed to form a large valve seat having two mounting slots, one of which can be used for mounting the spool 5, and the other mounting slot for mounting the splitter 6,
  • the splitter 6, the flow plate 7, the swirling plate 3 and the measuring piece 4 are mounted on the other end of the mounting sleeve 8, and the four are closely attached to each other, and are distributed layer by layer from top to bottom, that is, the splitter 6 is closely attached to the valve seat 2
  • the flow-through sheet 7 is in close contact with the bottom surface of the flow-dividing sheet 6, and the swirling sheet 3 is in close contact with the bottom surface of the flow-through sheet 7, and the metering sheet 4 is in close contact with the bottom surface of the swirling sheet 3.
  • a plurality of diverting grooves 601 are disposed on the diverter 6 , and each of the diverting grooves 601 extends in the radial direction of the diverging fins 6 , and is mainly used for splitting the fluid beam passing through the valve hole 201 into a plurality of strands to perform preliminary diversion of the main fluid bundle. .
  • a plurality of overflow holes 701 are disposed on the flow passage 7 , and the projections of the flow passages 701 and the corresponding split grooves 601 on the horizontal surface have overlapping portions, that is, the flow holes 701 can be used in the flow dividing grooves 601 .
  • the split fluid is introduced and further splitting restrictions are made.
  • the flow hole 701 can only introduce part of the fluid of the splitter tank 601, when the main fluid bundle enters the splitter tank 601, most of the main fluid bundle will be blocked by the flow fins 7 located at the bottom of the splitter tank 601, and in the fluid Shock and vibration are generated inside, so that the split fluid first forms a turbulent flow with a small Reynolds number.
  • the swirling plate 3 is provided with a swirling hole 301 and a plurality of swirling grooves 302 communicating therewith.
  • the swirling holes 301 are generally disposed at the center of the swirling sheet 3, and the respective swirling grooves 302 are distributed in the swirling flow.
  • the projections of the holes 301 in the circumferential direction and the projections of the respective swirl grooves 302 and the corresponding flow holes 701 on the horizontal surface have overlapping portions, that is, a part of the split fluid in the flow holes 701 can be directly introduced into the swirling flow.
  • the other split fluid is blocked by the swirling vane 3 located at the bottom of the overflow hole 701, and will generate shock and vibration in the fluid, so that the degree of turbulence of the split fluid is deepened and the Reynolds number is increased.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of the meter shown in FIG. 1.
  • a metering hole 401 is disposed in the metering piece 4, and the metering hole 401 is located in the opening range of the swirling hole 301, and is generally located at the center of the measuring piece 4, and the diameter of the metering hole 401 is small, when a fluid such as fuel passes.
  • a sudden increase in pressure can produce a fogging effect.
  • a turbulent flow having a larger Reynolds number is formed, and finally converges into the swirling hole 301 according to the swirling direction of the swirling groove 302, and then ejected from the measuring hole 401 to form a stable spray distribution angle, and the atomization effect is apparent.
  • Lifting, liquid atomization is more thorough, the particle size of atomized particles is more fine, in which the oil pressure of liquid (fuel or urea, etc.) is in the range of 0.3Mpa to 1Mpa, and the SMD (Sauter meandiameter, the average diameter of Sauter) is 80-35 ⁇ m.
  • the fuel atomization effect is improved. When applied to the engine cylinder, it is beneficial to mix with the air and fully burn, avoid carbon deposit in the cylinder, and improve the cleanliness of the vehicle.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a specific structure of the splitter shown in FIG. 1.
  • each splitter groove on the splitter 6 can communicate with each other, that is, a distribution shape in which an intermediate hollow is formed and diverged outward.
  • the inner ends of the respective splitter slots 601 may not be connected to each other, but need to be distributed within a certain radius.
  • each of the diverting grooves 601 may specifically have a rectangular shape of equal size, that is, the length and the width are equal, and the height (or thickness) is the thickness of the splitter 6.
  • the ends of the ends (away from the center end) of each of the diverting grooves 601 can be disposed to have the same curved surface as the outer edge of the splitter 6 so as to be convenient for design and manufacture.
  • the specific sizes of the respective splitter grooves 601 may be different from each other, and the shape of the end side wall may be arbitrarily changed.
  • two to five shunting grooves 601 may be simultaneously disposed on the splitter 6.
  • the respective splitter grooves 601 can be evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the splitter 6.
  • three shunting grooves 601 may be disposed on the splitter piece 6, and the angle between the centers of the adjacent two shunting grooves 601 is 120°.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the overcurrent sheet shown in FIG. 1.
  • each of the flow holes 701 can also be a rectangular hole, and the width thereof can be equal to the width of the splitter groove 601, and the length thereof is smaller than the length of the splitter groove 601, so as to increase the turbulence, for example, 1/3 of its length. Or 1/4 and so on.
  • each of the overflow holes 701 on the flow piece 7 can be the same as the distribution position of each of the flow dividing grooves 601 on the splitter 6, that is, the central angle range of the overflow hole 701 and the center of the flow dividing groove 601.
  • the angular range is the same.
  • the projections of the respective flow holes 701 on the horizontal surface may also be located at the end positions of the respective corresponding flow channels 601 projected on the horizontal surface, that is, the respective flow holes 701 correspond to a part of each of the flow channels 601.
  • the end side wall of the flow hole 701 may be the same as the shunt groove 601, and is provided in the same curved surface as the outer edge of the flow piece 7.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the swirling sheet shown in FIG. 1.
  • the swirling groove 302 can be disposed on the swirling sheet 3 at the same time 2 to 5, and can be the same as the number of the dividing groove 601 and the overflow hole 701, and each rotation
  • the launders 302 are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the swirl holes 301.
  • three swirling grooves 302 are simultaneously disposed on the swirling sheet 3, such that the angle between the centers of the adjacent two swirling grooves 302 is 120°, and the remaining number of swirling grooves 302 and so on.
  • the non-uniform distribution of the individual swirl grooves 302 is equally feasible.
  • each of the swirl grooves 302 may have a rectangular shape, and the length direction thereof is tangent to the swirl holes 301. In this way, when the shunting fluid beam impinges on the bottom of the swirling groove 302 to generate scattering, compared with the remaining relative positional relationship, the fluid that is scattered is formed to rapidly form a swirling flow with stable distribution angle, and the swirling flow is formed faster. The flow distribution angle is more stable.
  • the longitudinal direction of each of the swirl grooves 302 is offset from the tangential direction of the swirl holes 301 by a certain angle.
  • the groove width of each of the swirl grooves 302 can be set to 0.1 to 2 mm.
  • this data can be flexibly adjusted in the face of different fluids or different injection requirements.
  • the diameter of the metering hole 401 may be generally 0.1 to 2 mm.
  • the thickness of the splitter 6, the swirling sheet 3, and the flow-through sheet 7 may be equal, generally 0.2 to 2 mm, and the thickness of the measuring sheet 4 may be 0.1 to 0.5 mm.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a fuel injector according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the embodiment further provides a single-hole atomizing injector, which mainly comprises a casing and a front atomizing structure disposed in the casing, wherein the starting and ending atomizing structure is the same as the above-mentioned related content, and details are not described herein again.
  • a single-hole atomizing injector which mainly comprises a casing and a front atomizing structure disposed in the casing, wherein the starting and ending atomizing structure is the same as the above-mentioned related content, and details are not described herein again.
  • the start-stop atomization structure in this embodiment can be applied not only to the injector of the engine combustion system, but also to the urea solution metering and atomization of the engine exhaust system.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
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  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

一种单孔雾化喷油器的前置雾化结构，包括管体（1）、安装套（8）、阀座（2）、分流片（6）、过流片（7）、旋流片（3）和计量片（4）。在分流片（6）上设置有分流槽，可将流体束分流成若干股。在过流片（7）上设置有过流孔，可对分流流体进一步做分流限制。在旋流片（3）上设置有旋流孔和旋流槽，分流流体通过旋流槽后，旋流槽底部由于受到计量片的遮挡，产生剧烈冲击并形成紊流，并汇聚到旋流孔（301）中。还提供一种单孔雾化喷油器。当形成紊流的流体束通过旋流孔（301）之后，再通过计量孔（401）时，雾化效果将得到明显提升，液体雾化更加彻底，雾化颗粒粒度更加精细，燃油雾化效果得到改良，应用于发动机气缸时，有利于与空气混合和充分燃烧，避免缸内积碳，提高车辆排放清洁度。

Description

一种单孔雾化喷油器及其前置雾化结构
本申请要求于2017年11月24日提交中国专利局、申请号为201711193782.5、发明名称为“一种单孔雾化喷油器及其前置雾化结构”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及喷油器技术领域，特别涉及一种单孔雾化喷油器的前置雾化结构。本发明还涉及一种包括上述前置雾化结构的单孔雾化喷油器。
背景技术
随着中国机械工业的发展，越来越多的机械设备已得到广泛使用。
在汽车制造业中，汽车零配件的种类成千上万，以发动机的燃油喷射器为例。燃油喷射器属于燃油喷射系统，而燃油喷射系统是指在一定的压力下，利用喷油器将一定数量的燃料直接喷入气缸或进气道内的燃油供给装置。根据喷射燃料种类的不同，可以分为汽油喷射系统、柴油喷射系统、气体燃料喷射系统等。而根据其控制方式的不同，可分为机械控制式、电子控制式以及机电混合控制式。
目前，电子控制式燃油喷射器已得到普及。喷油器接受ECU送来的喷油脉冲信号，精确的控制燃油喷射量。喷油器的喷雾特性包括雾化粒度、油雾分布、油束方向、射程和扩散锥角等。喷油器的种类很多，其上零件也较复杂，对于电控喷油器而言，雾化结构是非常重要的一环。
在现有技术中，电控喷油器的雾化结构主要包括阀体和阀孔(或喷孔)等，当阀座上的阀芯被电磁驱动机构或其余等效驱动机构提起时，汽油等燃油通过阀孔，由于阀孔直径很小，可达10 -4m量级，在燃油通过时压力骤增，液体燃油将产生雾化效果，形成大量微小雾化颗粒，冲入气缸的燃烧室内与空气良好接触、混合，有利于提高燃烧效率。然而，现有技术中的电控喷油器由于喷孔形状为圆形或环形，燃油雾化效果不良，雾化颗粒粒度较大，容易形成液束，雾化精细度较低。
因此，如何提高燃油雾化精细度，细化雾化颗粒粒度，改良燃油雾化效果，是本领域技术人员亟待解决的技术问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种单孔雾化喷油器的前置雾化结构，能够提高燃油雾化精细度，细化雾化颗粒粒度，改良燃油雾化效果。本发明的另一目的是提供一种包括上述前置雾化结构的单孔雾化喷油器。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明提供一种单孔雾化喷油器的前置雾化结构，包括管体和设置于其内的安装套，所述安装套内的一端安装有用于容纳阀芯的阀座，且所述阀座底部设置有阀孔，还包括安装于所述安装套内另一端的分流片、过流片、旋流片和计量片，所述分流片紧贴在所述阀座底面，所述过流片紧贴在所述分流片底面，所述旋流片紧贴在所述过流片底面，所述计量片紧贴在所述旋流片底面；
所述分流片上设置有若干个沿径向延伸、用于将通过所述阀孔的流体束分流成若干股的分流槽；
所述过流片上设置有若干个过流孔，且各所述过流孔和与其各自对应的分流槽在水平面上的投影具有重叠部分；
所述旋流片上设置有旋流孔，所述旋流孔的周向方向上还设置有若干个与其连通、用于使流体通过时产生紊流的旋流槽，且各所述旋流槽和与其各自对应的过流孔在水平面上的投影具有重叠部分；
所述计量片上于所述旋流孔的开口范围内开设有用于使流体通过时将其雾化的计量孔。
优选地，各个所述分流槽的内端互相连通。
优选地，各个所述分流槽均呈大小相等的矩形状，且其末端侧壁均为与所述分流片外缘曲率相同的弧面。
优选地，所述分流片上设置有2～5个所述分流槽，且各所述分流槽沿所述分流片的周向均匀分布。
优选地，所述过流孔的数量与所述分流槽相同，且两者一一对应；各个所述过流孔均呈宽度与所述分流槽相等、长度小于所述分流槽的矩形孔。
优选地，各个所述过流孔在所述过流片上的分布位置，与各个所述分流槽在所述分流片上的分布位置相同，各个所述过流孔的末端侧壁均为与所述过流片外缘曲率相同的弧面，且各个所述过流孔在水平面上的投影位 于各自对应的各个分流槽在水平面上投影的末端。
优选地，所述旋流槽在所述旋流片上同时设置有2～5个，且各所述旋流槽沿所述旋流孔的周向均匀分布。
优选地，各个所述旋流槽均为矩形槽，其槽宽均为0.1～2mm，且其长度方向均与所述旋流孔相切。
优选地，所述计量孔的直径为0.1～2mm；所述分流片、过流片和旋流片的厚度均为0.2～2mm，且所述计量片的厚度为0.1～0.5mm。
本发明还提供一种单孔雾化喷油器，包括外壳和设置于其内的前置雾化结构，其中，所述前置雾化结构具体为上述任一项所述的前置雾化结构。
本发明所提供的单孔雾化喷油器的前置雾化结构，主要包括管体、安装套、阀座、分流片、过流片、旋流片和计量片。其中，安装套设置于管体内，而阀座安装于安装套的一端，其上设有阀孔连通于另一端，而分流片、过流片、旋流片和计量片安装于安装套的另一端，四者互相紧贴，由上至下逐层分布。在分流片上设置有若干个分流槽，各个分流槽沿径向延伸，可将通过阀孔的流体束分流成若干股。在过流片上设置有若干个过流孔，可将分流槽中的分流流体引入，并进一步做分流限制。在旋流片上设置有旋流孔和与其连通的若干个旋流槽，各个旋流槽可将过流孔中的流体引入，而当该部分流体通过旋流槽后，旋流槽底部由于受到计量片的遮挡，该部分流体撞击到旋流槽底部后将迅速产生剧烈的冲击，从而形成雷诺数较大的紊流(流体经过分流槽的初步分流和过流孔的深度分流后将形成雷诺数较小的紊流)，并沿旋流槽的旋向汇聚到旋流孔中。计量孔的孔径很小，当燃油等流体通过时压力骤增，可产生雾化效果，而当形成紊流的流体束通过旋流孔后再通过计量孔时，雾化效果将得到明显提升，液体雾化更加彻底，雾化颗粒粒度更加精细，燃油雾化效果得到改良，应用于发动机气缸时，有利于与空气混合和充分燃烧，避免缸内积碳，提高车辆排放清洁度。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地， 下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据提供的附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明所提供的一种具体实施方式的整体结构示意图。
图2为图1中所示的分流片的具体结构示意图。
图3为图1中所示的过流片的具体结构示意图。
图4为图1中所示的旋流片的具体结构示意图。
图5为图1中所示的计量片的具体结构示意图。
图6为本发明所提供的一种具体实施方式中的喷油器的结构示意图。
其中，图1—图6中：
管体—1，阀座—2，阀孔—201，旋流片—3，旋流孔—301，旋流槽—302，计量片—4，计量孔—401，阀芯—5，分流片—6，分流槽—601，过流片—7，过流孔—701，安装套—8。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
请参考图1，图1为本发明所提供的一种具体实施方式的整体结构示意图。
在本发明所提供的一种具体实施方式中，单孔雾化喷油器的前置雾化结构主要包括管体1、安装套8、阀座2、分流片6、过流片7、旋流片3和计量片4。
其中，管体1一般为单孔雾化喷油器的壳体，可呈圆管或圆筒状。
安装套8设置于管体1内，而阀座2安装在安装套8内的一端。阀座2主要用于安装阀芯5，并且在阀座2上开设有阀孔201连通于安装套8的另一端，以方便流体从安装套8的一套进入时流入另一端。当然，阀座2与安装套8还可以一体式成型设计，形成具有两个安装槽的大阀座，其中一个安装槽可用于安装阀芯5，而另一个安装槽用于安装分流片6、过流 片7、旋流片3和计量片4。
分流片6、过流片7、旋流片3和计量片4安装于安装套8的另一端，四者互相紧贴，由上至下逐层分布，即分流片6紧贴在阀座2底面，过流片7紧贴在分流片6底面，旋流片3紧贴在过流片7底面，计量片4紧贴在旋流片3底面。
在分流片6上设置有若干个分流槽601，各个分流槽601均沿分流片6的径向延伸，主要用于将通过阀孔201的流体束分流成若干股，将主流体束进行初步分流。
在过流片7上设置有若干个过流孔701，该过流孔701与对应的分流槽601在水平面上的投影具有重叠部分，也就是说，过流孔701可将分流槽601中的分流流体引入，并进一步做分流限制。同时，由于过流孔701仅能引入分流槽601的部分流体，当主流体束进入分流槽601时，主流体束的大部分将受到位于分流槽601底部的过流片7的阻挡，并在流体内产生冲击和振动，使得分流流体初次形成雷诺数较小的紊流。
在旋流片3上设置有旋流孔301和与其连通的若干个旋流槽302，旋流孔301一般可设置在旋流片3的圆心位置处，而各个旋流槽302分布在旋流孔301的周向方向上，并且各个旋流槽302和对应的过流孔701在水平面上的投影具有重叠部分，也就是说，过流孔701中的分流流体的一部分能够直接引入到旋流槽302中，而另一份分流流体由于受到位于过流孔701底部的旋流片3的阻挡，将在流体内产生冲击和振动，使得分流流体的紊流程度加深，雷诺数增大。
如图5所示，图5为图1中所示的计量片的具体结构示意图。
在计量片4上设置有计量孔401，该计量孔401位于旋流孔301的开口范围内，一般可位于计量片4的圆心位置，并且计量孔401的孔径很小，当燃油等流体通过时压力骤增，可产生雾化效果。而在紊流程度加深后的分流流体进入到旋流槽302后，由于旋流槽302底部均受到计量片4的遮挡，分流流体撞击到旋流槽302底部后将迅速产生剧烈的冲击，从而形成雷诺数更大的紊流，并最终按照旋流槽302的旋向汇聚到旋流孔301中，再从计量孔401中喷出，形成稳定的喷雾分布角度，并且雾化效果将得到 明显提升，液体雾化更加彻底，雾化颗粒粒度更加精细，其中液体(燃油或尿素等)的进油压力在0.3Mpa～1Mpa的范围内，SMD(Sauter meandiameter，索泰尔平均直径)在80～35μm内，燃油雾化效果得到改良，应用于发动机气缸时，有利于与空气混合和充分燃烧，避免缸内积碳，提高车辆排放清洁度。
如图2所示，图2为图1中所示的分流片的具体结构示意图。
在关于分流槽601的一种优选实施方式中，考虑到阀孔201一般设置在阀座2上的中心位置，为使阀孔201内的主流体束顺利分流，分流片6上的各个分流槽601的内端可互相连通，即形成中间镂空，且向外发散的分布形状。当然，各个分流槽601的内端也可以互不连通，但需保证分布于某一半径范围内。
进一步的，各个分流槽601具体可呈大小相等的矩形状，即长度和宽度尺寸均相等，高度(或厚度)为分流片6的厚度。并且各个分流槽601的末端(远离圆心端)侧壁可均设置为与分流片6外缘曲率相同的弧面，如此便于设计制造。当然，各个分流槽601的具体尺寸可以互不相同，并且末端侧壁形状也可以随意变更。
更进一步的，为提高分流效果，同时保证结构强度，可在分流片6上同时设置2～5个分流槽601。同时，为保证对主流体束形成角度分布稳定的分流效果，各个分流槽601可沿着分流片6的周向方向均匀分布。比如，可在分流片6上设置3个分流槽601，且相邻两个分流槽601的圆心夹角为120°。
如图3所示，图3为图1中所示的过流片的具体结构示意图。
在关于过流孔701的一种优选实施方式中，在过流片7上可同样设置2～5个分流槽601，并且过流孔701的数量一般与分流槽601的数量相等，两者为一一对应的关系。并且各个过流孔701可也呈矩形孔，并且其宽度可与分流槽601的宽度相等，而其长度则需小于分流槽601的长度，以便加剧紊流，比如可为其长度的1/3或1/4等。
进一步的，各个过流孔701在过流片7上的分布位置可与各个分流槽601在分流片6上的分布位置相同，即过流孔701所在的圆心角范围与分 流槽601所在的圆心角范围是相同的。同时，各个过流孔701在水平面上的投影还可位于各自对应的分流槽601在水平面上投影的末端位置，即各个过流孔701相当于各个分流槽601的一部分。而过流孔701的末端侧壁可与分流槽601相同，设置为与过流片7的外缘曲率相同的弧面。
如图4所示，图4为图1中所示的旋流片的具体结构示意图。
在关于旋流槽的一种优选实施方式中，该旋流槽302可在旋流片3上同时设置2～5个，并且可与分流槽601和过流孔701的数量相同，同时各个旋流槽302可沿着旋流孔301的周向方向均匀分布。比如，在旋流片3上同时设置有3个旋流槽302，如此，相邻两个旋流槽302的圆心夹角为120°，其余数量的旋流槽302以此类推。当然，各个旋流槽302非均匀分布也一样可行。
进一步的，各个旋流槽302具体可呈矩形状，并且其长度方向均与旋流孔301相切。如此设置，当分流流体束撞击到旋流槽302底产生散射时，相比于其余相对位置关系，将有利于散射出的流体迅速形成分布角度稳定的旋流，旋流形成速度更快，旋流分布角度更加稳定。当然，各个旋流槽302的长度方向若与旋流孔301的切向偏离一定角度也同样可行。
更进一步的，为保证旋流槽302内能够形成足够比例的旋流，可将各个旋流槽302的槽宽设置为0.1～2mm。当然，面对不同流体或不同喷射需求情况时，该数据可灵活调整。
另外，计量孔401的直径一般可为0.1～2mm。同时，分流片6、旋流片3和过流片7的厚度可均相等，一般为0.2～2mm，而计量片4的厚度可为0.1～0.5mm。
如图6所示，图6为本发明所提供的一种具体实施方式中的喷油器的结构示意图。
本实施例还提供一种单孔雾化喷油器，主要包括外壳和设置在外壳内的前置雾化结构，其中，该起止雾化结构与上述相关内容相同，此处不再赘述。需要说明的是，本实施例中的起止雾化结构不仅可以适用于发动机燃烧系统的喷油器，还可用于发动机尾气排放系统的尿素溶液计量与雾化。
对所公开的实施例的上述说明，使本领域专业技术人员能够实现或使 用本发明。对这些实施例的多种修改对本领域的专业技术人员来说将是显而易见的，本文中所定义的一般原理可以在不脱离本发明的精神或范围的情况下，在其它实施例中实现。因此，本发明将不会被限制于本文所示的这些实施例，而是要符合与本文所公开的原理和新颖特点相一致的最宽的范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种单孔雾化喷油器的前置雾化结构，包括管体(1)和设置于其内的安装套(8)，所述安装套(8)内的一端安装有用于容纳阀芯(5)的阀座(2)，且所述阀座(2)底部设置有阀孔(201)，其特征在于，还包括安装于所述安装套(8)内另一端的分流片(6)、过流片(7)、旋流片(3)和计量片(4)，所述分流片(6)紧贴在所述阀座(2)底面，所述过流片(7)紧贴在所述分流片(6)底面，所述旋流片(3)紧贴在所述过流片(7)底面，所述计量片(4)紧贴在所述旋流片(3)底面；
    所述分流片(6)上设置有若干个沿径向延伸、用于将通过所述阀孔(201)的流体束分流成若干股的分流槽(601)；
    所述过流片(7)上设置有若干个过流孔(701)，且各所述过流孔(701)和与其各自对应的分流槽(601)在水平面上的投影具有重叠部分；
    所述旋流片(3)上设置有旋流孔(301)，所述旋流孔(301)的周向方向上还设置有若干个与其连通、用于使流体通过时产生紊流的旋流槽(302)，且各所述旋流槽(302)和与其各自对应的过流孔(701)在水平面上的投影具有重叠部分；
    所述计量片(4)上于所述旋流孔(301)的开口范围内开设有用于使流体通过时将其雾化的计量孔(401)。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的前置雾化结构，其特征在于，各个所述分流槽(601)的内端互相连通。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的前置雾化结构，其特征在于，各个所述分流槽(601)均呈大小相等的矩形状，且其末端侧壁均为与所述分流片(6)外缘曲率相同的弧面。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的前置雾化结构，其特征在于，所述分流片(6)上设置有2～5个所述分流槽(601)，且各所述分流槽(601)沿所述分流片(6)的周向均匀分布。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的前置雾化结构，其特征在于，所述过流孔(701)的数量与所述分流槽(601)相同，且两者一一对应；各个所述过 流孔(701)均呈宽度与所述分流槽(601)相等、长度小于所述分流槽(601)的矩形孔。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的前置雾化结构，其特征在于，各个所述过流孔(701)在所述过流片(7)上的分布位置，与各个所述分流槽(601)在所述分流片(6)上的分布位置相同，各个所述过流孔(701)的末端侧壁均为与所述过流片(7)外缘曲率相同的弧面，且各个所述过流孔(701)在水平面上的投影位于各自对应的各个分流槽(601)在水平面上投影的末端。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的前置雾化结构，其特征在于，所述旋流槽(302)在所述旋流片(3)上同时设置有2～5个，且各所述旋流槽(302)沿所述旋流孔(301)的周向均匀分布。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的前置雾化结构，其特征在于，各个所述旋流槽(302)均为矩形槽，其槽宽均为0.1～2mm，且其长度方向均与所述旋流孔(301)相切。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的前置雾化结构，其特征在于，所述计量孔(401)的直径为0.1～2mm；所述分流片(6)、过流片(7)和旋流片(3)的厚度均为0.2～2mm，且所述计量片(4)的厚度为0.1～0.5mm。
  10. 一种单孔雾化喷油器，包括外壳和设置于其内的前置雾化结构，其特征在于，所述前置雾化结构具体为权利要求1-9任一项所述的前置雾化结构。
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