CN113153595B - 低液压旋流喷射器 - Google Patents

低液压旋流喷射器 Download PDF

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CN113153595B
CN113153595B CN202110329521.1A CN202110329521A CN113153595B CN 113153595 B CN113153595 B CN 113153595B CN 202110329521 A CN202110329521 A CN 202110329521A CN 113153595 B CN113153595 B CN 113153595B
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flow
hole
plate
swirl
valve seat
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CN113153595A (zh
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欧阳玲湘
李成校
朱宏志
贾昭远
龙美彪
黄民备
邓飞
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Nanyuediankong Hengyang Industrial Technology Co ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
    • F02M51/061—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means
    • F02M51/0625—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures
    • F02M51/0664—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding
    • F02M51/0671—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding the armature having an elongated valve body attached thereto
    • F02M51/0682—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding the armature having an elongated valve body attached thereto the body being hollow and its interior communicating with the fuel flow
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
    • F02M51/061—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
    • F01N3/025—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using fuel burner or by adding fuel to exhaust
    • F01N3/0253—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using fuel burner or by adding fuel to exhaust adding fuel to exhaust gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/36—Arrangements for supply of additional fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/04—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00 having valves, e.g. having a plurality of valves in series
    • F02M61/10—Other injectors with elongated valve bodies, i.e. of needle-valve type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/162—Means to impart a whirling motion to fuel upstream or near discharging orifices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M61/1853—Orifice plates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M61/188—Spherical or partly spherical shaped valve member ends
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M61/1886—Details of valve seats not covered by groups F02M61/1866 - F02M61/188
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M61/1893—Details of valve member ends not covered by groups F02M61/1866 - F02M61/188
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F01N2610/14—Arrangements for the supply of substances, e.g. conduits
    • F01N2610/1453—Sprayers or atomisers; Arrangement thereof in the exhaust apparatus
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
  • Magnetically Actuated Valves (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开一种低液压旋流喷射器，包括电磁铁部件和由上而下依次安装在所述电磁铁部件中的进油接头、铁芯弹簧组件和喷射阀组件；其中，在旋流板的上表面设有分流沉孔和若干个分流槽，在旋流板外圆设有和分流槽相对应的扁方，在旋流板下表面设有旋流孔和若干个旋流槽，分流流体通过旋流槽后,产生剧烈冲击并形成紊流并汇聚到旋流孔中，雾化颗粒粒径将得到明显提升，喷嘴板上设有喷孔，用于精确控制喷射流量。本发明具有能够改善雾化颗粒粒径，提高流量一致性，结构简单合理，制造和装配方便，生产成本低等优点。

Description

低液压旋流喷射器
技术领域
本发明涉及汽车零部件制造技术领域，特别是涉及一种低液压旋流喷射器。
背景技术
目前，3bar～10bar低液压的喷射器应用越来越广泛，喷射器在电子控制单元的控制下，将一定量的燃料雾化后喷进气道或排气管内与空气混合。根据喷射燃料种类的不同,喷射器可以分为汽油喷射器、甲醇喷射器、尿素喷射器等。
随着排放要求的逐渐提升，对喷射器雾化颗粒粒径的要求越来越高。现有的一般喷射器，在3bar～10Bar低液压下，喷射器的雾化粒径不理想，流量一致性较差，不能与空气充分接触并混合，从而影响汽车的排放性能。而且结构复杂，装配工艺性差，成本较高。
发明内容
本发明的目的是针对现有产品存在的技术问题，提供一种可使液体从喷孔旋流喷出，能够改善雾化颗粒粒径，提高流量一致性，结构简单合理，制造和装配方便，生产成本低的低液压旋流喷射器结构。
本发明提供的具体技术方案如下：
低液压旋流喷射器，包括电磁铁部件和由上而下依次安装在所述电磁铁部件中的进油接头、铁芯弹簧组件和喷射阀组件，所述铁芯弹簧组件包括铁芯和安装在所述铁芯内的弹簧，所述电磁铁部件驱动所述铁芯运动，所述喷射阀组件包括喷嘴体和由上之下安装在所述喷嘴体内的阀杆、钢球、阀座、旋流板和喷嘴板；所述弹簧作用在所述阀杆上；其特征在于，所述阀座内由上而下依次设置相互贯通的阀座内锥面孔、过流孔和沉孔；所述旋流板安装在所述阀座的沉孔内且所述旋流板的上表面紧贴在所述沉孔的顶面上；在所述旋流板的上表面设置有与所述过流孔贯通的分流沉孔并分布有若干内端与所述分流沉孔贯通的分流槽；所述旋流板的外圆设置有与每一分流槽外端相对应的扁方，用于流体过流通道；在所述旋流板的下表面设置有旋流沉孔并分布有若干内端与所述旋流沉孔贯通的旋流槽，每一旋流槽的外端通过对应的流体过流通道与对应的分流槽外端连通；所述喷嘴板紧贴在所述旋流板的下表面上并在所述喷嘴板上开设有一与所述旋流沉孔贯通的喷孔，用于精确控制喷射流量；所述钢球与所述阀座中的阀座内锥面孔中的内锥面密封接触与分离，以关闭和打开所述阀座内的过流孔；由所述过流孔过来的燃油通过分流沉孔和分流槽的分流，通过流体过流通道进入旋流槽内，燃油通过所述旋流槽后,产生剧烈冲击并形成紊流并汇聚到所述旋流孔中，再由喷嘴板的喷孔喷出，使得雾化颗粒粒径将得到明显提升。
在本发明的一个优选实施例中，所述分流沉孔直径大于所述阀座中的过流孔直径。
在本发明的一个优选实施例中，所述分流槽的数量为3～6个并且在所述旋流板的上表面上呈径向延伸，同时在所述旋流板的上表面上周向均布。
在本发明的一个优选实施例中，各所述扁方沿所述旋流板的周向均匀分布。
在本发明的一个优选实施例中，各所述旋流槽在所述旋流板的下表面上周向均匀分布。
在本发明的一个优选实施例中，各所述旋流槽的长度方向均与所述旋流孔相切。
在本发明的一个优选实施例中，各所述分流槽和各所述旋流槽均为矩形槽。
在本发明的一个优选实施例中，所述旋流板的各分流槽的通流面积之和不小于所述各旋流槽的通流面积之和。
在本发明的一个优选实施例中，所述旋流板的各分流槽的通流面积之和为所述喷孔板的喷孔面积之和的1.2倍以上。
在本发明的一个优选实施例中，所述钢球放置在所述阀座的钢球承装孔内，所述钢球沿中心对称设置3～5个扁方，使之与所述钢球承装孔的孔壁之间形成流体过流间隙，用于流体通过。
通过采用上述技术方案，本发明的低液压旋流喷射器具有能够改善雾化颗粒粒径，提高流量一致性，结构简单合理，制造和装配方便，生产成本低等优点
附图说明
图1为本发明结构喷射器结构示意总图。
图2为本发明阀座的结构示意图。
图3为本发明旋流板的上表面的结构示意图。
图4为本发明旋流板下表面的结构示意图。
图5为本发明喷嘴板结构示意图
图6为本发明阀杆的剖面示意图。
图7为本发明铁芯的剖面示意图
具体实施方式
本发明的结构，结合附图进一步具体描述如下：
参见图1至图7，图中给出的低液压旋流喷射器主要包括电磁铁部件13、进油接头、铁芯弹簧组件和喷射阀组件。进油接头包括滤网支架10、滤网11和O型密封圈密封12。滤网支架10内设置有中孔103，滤网11放置在中孔103内。
铁芯弹簧组件包括铁芯8、弹簧上座9和弹簧7。
喷射阀组件包括喷嘴体6、阀杆5、钢球4、阀座3、旋流板2和喷嘴板1。
阀座3通过激光焊接固定在喷嘴体6的内孔603下端处。特别参见图2，阀座3内由上而下依次设置有相互贯通的钢球承装孔304、阀座内锥面孔303、过流孔302和沉孔301。
旋流板2安装在阀座3的沉孔301，旋流板2上表面201紧贴在沉孔301上表面上。特别参见图3和图4，在旋流板2的上表面201设有分流沉孔203和3～6个分流槽202，每个分流槽202的内端与分流槽202连通。分流沉孔203直径应大于阀座3的过流孔302直径。3～6个分流槽202用于将通过分流沉孔203的流体分流，且3～6个分流槽202在旋流板2的上表面201上周向均匀分布。旋流板2各个分流槽202均为矩形槽,且其长度方向均与所述分流沉孔203相交。
在旋流板2的外圆设有和分流槽202外端相对应的扁方204，用于流体过流通道，且各扁方204沿旋流板2的周向均匀分布。
每个分流槽202的外端与相对应的流体过流通道连通。在旋流板2的下表面205上设有旋流孔207和个旋流槽206，每个旋流槽206的内端与旋流孔207连通，外端与相对应的流体过流通道连通，用于使流体通过时产生旋流。各旋流槽206在旋流板2的下表面205上周向均匀分布。旋流板2各个旋流槽206均为矩形槽,且其长度方向均与所述旋流孔207相切。旋流板2的各分流槽202通流面积之和不小于各旋流槽206通流面积之和。
旋流板2的下表面面205和喷嘴板1紧贴。结合参见图5，喷嘴板1上设有喷孔101，用于精确控制喷射流量。各旋流槽206通流面积之和是喷嘴板的喷孔101面积的1.2倍以上。
通过采用上述技术方案后，由阀座3的过流孔302过来的燃油通过分流沉孔203和分流槽202的分流，通过流体过流通道进入旋流槽206内，燃油通过旋流槽206后,产生剧烈冲击并形成紊流并汇聚到旋流孔207中，再由喷嘴板1的喷孔101喷出，使得雾化颗粒粒径将得到明显提升。
钢球4放置在阀座3的钢球承装孔304，钢球4沿中心对称设置3～5个扁方401，使之与钢球承装孔304的孔壁之间形成流体过流间隙，用于流体通过。
钢球4与阀座3中的阀座内锥面孔303中的内锥面密封接触与分离，以关闭和打开阀座3内的过流孔302。
钢球4与阀杆5的下端采用焊接方式固定连接，喷嘴体6的上端与铁芯8的下端固定连接。
结合参见图7，在铁芯8内设置有一兼做油道的轴向内孔，轴向内孔分为三段，由上至下分别为第一孔段806、第二孔段801、第三孔段802，弹簧上座9配合安装在第一孔段806内，在弹簧上座9内设置有通油孔(图中未示出)。弹簧7设置在第二孔段801和第三孔段802中，弹簧7的上端抵住弹簧上座9，弹簧7的下端抵住阀杆5。第三孔段802的内径大于第二孔段801的内径和弹簧7的外径，起腾空作用，避免和弹簧7的外圆接触。
铁芯8的外圆由三级杆段组成，从上到下为同轴设置的第一杆段803、第二杆段804及第三杆段805，第一杆段803与滤油网支架10的内孔102导向连接，第二杆段804与电磁铁部件13的第二孔段132配合，第三杆段805与喷嘴体6的喷嘴体内腔602导向连接。
铁芯8设置两处限位台阶面，由上至下分别为第一限位台阶面807和第二限位台阶面808，第一限位台阶面807与滤油网支架10的底部激光焊接连接，第二台阶面808与喷嘴体6的上端面激光焊接连接。
结合参见图6，阀杆5的外圆主要由两级杆段组成，由上至下分别为第一杆段506及第二杆段502，第一杆段设计有环形凸起507以及两道圈槽505，中间设计有沉孔509，沉孔509底面设计有凹槽508，第二杆段502上设置有两道横孔503。阀杆5为中空结构，具有一中孔504，中孔504的顶部与沉孔509连通，在中孔504的底面设置有锥面501。两道横孔503的轴线在投影面上呈十字交叉并均与中孔504贯通。
阀杆5安装在喷嘴体6的喷嘴体内腔602和内孔603内，其中阀杆5的第一孔段502与喷嘴体6的喷嘴体内腔602配合，阀杆5的第二孔段502与喷嘴体6的内孔603之间形成一储油腔601。
电磁铁部件13内部设置两段中孔，由上至下分别为第一孔段131和第二孔段132，第一孔段134和滤油网支架10的外圆104配合，同时在滤油网支架10配合处设置O型密封圈密封12，防止外部的水进入腐蚀。第二孔段132与铁芯8的第二杆段804、喷嘴体6的外圆604配合，同时在第二孔段132与喷嘴体6的外圆604配合处设置O型密封圈14，防止外部的水进入腐蚀。
通过在喷嘴体6的外圆604和/或者铁芯8的第二杆段804外壁设有电磁铁部件13，电磁铁部件13驱动阀杆5，在喷嘴体6的喷嘴体内腔602和内孔603上下反复运动。
本发明的工作过程和原理如下：
如图1至图7所示，液体经过滤网11的过滤，后经过滤网支架10的中孔103、弹簧上座9的通油孔、铁芯8的轴向内孔、阀杆5的中孔504及两道横孔503进入到阀杆5的第二孔段502与喷嘴体6的内孔603之间的储油腔601内，然后流入阀座3的钢球承装孔304的孔壁与钢球扁方401之间的流体过流间隙处。
在不通电时，弹簧7对阀杆5及钢球4的作用力竖直向下，液压力对阀杆5及钢球4的作用力也是竖直向下，钢球4在弹簧力及液压力的作用下紧贴阀座3的阀座内锥面孔303中的内锥面并密封接触，此时阀座3内的过流孔302处于关闭状态。
当电控单元在适当的时刻给电磁铁部件13通电，使铁芯8迅速产生足够大的电磁吸力，吸合阀杆3并带动钢球4克服弹簧7的弹簧力和液压力迅速上移。当钢球4与阀座3的阀座内锥面孔303中的内锥面脱离接触后，阀座3内的过流孔302开启。
阀座3内的过流孔302开启后，液体经过阀座3的钢球承装孔304的孔壁与钢球扁方401之间的流体过流间隙并通过阀座3内的过流孔302进入到旋流板2的分流沉孔203，后经过旋流板2的各个分流槽202、旋流板2外圆的扁方204及各旋流槽206，产生剧烈冲击并形成紊流并汇聚到旋流孔207中，最后通过喷嘴板1上的喷孔101喷出。
当喷油脉宽满足要求后，电磁铁部件13在电控单元的指令下断电，电磁力消退。此时阀杆5还受到向上的液压力和向下的弹簧力的共同作用，当液压力小于弹簧力时，阀杆3和钢球4开始向下运动，弹簧7的弹簧力在阀杆3向下运动的过程中，液压力相互平衡，此时的合力仅为向下的弹簧力。弹簧7的弹簧力使阀杆3和钢球4迅速落回到阀座3的阀座内锥面孔303中的内锥面上，此时阀座3内的过流孔302又处于关闭状态，喷射结束。

Claims (2)

1.低液压旋流喷射器，包括电磁铁部件和由上而下依次安装在所述电磁铁部件中的进油接头、铁芯弹簧组件和喷射阀组件，所述铁芯弹簧组件包括铁芯和安装在所述铁芯内的弹簧，所述电磁铁部件驱动所述铁芯运动，所述喷射阀组件包括喷嘴体和由上至下安装在所述喷嘴体内的阀杆、钢球、阀座、旋流板和喷嘴板；所述弹簧作用在所述阀杆上；其特征在于，所述阀座内由上而下依次设置相互贯通的阀座内锥面孔、过流孔和沉孔；所述旋流板安装在所述阀座的沉孔内且所述旋流板的上表面紧贴在所述沉孔的顶面上；在所述旋流板的上表面设置有与所述过流孔贯通的分流沉孔并分布有若干内端与所述分流沉孔贯通的分流槽；所述旋流板的外圆设置有与每一分流槽外端相对应的扁方，用于流体过流通道；在所述旋流板的下表面设置有旋流沉孔并分布有若干内端与所述旋流沉孔贯通的旋流槽，每一旋流槽的外端通过对应的流体过流通道与对应的分流槽外端连通；所述喷嘴板紧贴在所述旋流板的下表面上并在所述喷嘴板上开设有一与所述旋流沉孔贯通的喷孔，用于精确控制喷射流量；所述钢球与所述阀座中的阀座内锥面孔中的内锥面密封接触与分离，以关闭和打开所述阀座内的过流孔；由所述过流孔过来的燃油通过分流沉孔和分流槽的分流，通过流体过流通道进入旋流槽内，燃油通过所述旋流槽后,产生剧烈冲击并形成紊流并汇聚到所述旋流沉孔中，再由喷嘴板的喷孔喷出，使得雾化颗粒粒径将得到明显提升；
所述分流沉孔直径大于所述阀座中的过流孔直径；
所述分流槽的数量为3～6个并且在所述旋流板的上表面上呈径向延伸，同时在所述旋流板的上表面上周向均布；
各所述扁方沿所述旋流板的周向均匀分布；
各所述旋流槽在所述旋流板的下表面上周向均匀分布；
各所述旋流槽的长度方向均与所述旋流孔相切；
各所述分流槽和各所述旋流槽均为矩形槽；
所述旋流板的各分流槽的通流面积之和为所述喷嘴板的喷孔面积之和的1.2倍以上。
2.根据权利要求1所述的低液压旋流喷射器，其特征在于，所述钢球放置在所述阀座的钢球承装孔内，所述钢球沿中心对称设置3～5个扁方，使之与所述钢球承装孔的孔壁之间形成流体过流间隙，用于流体通过。
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