WO2019096342A1 - Parpaing - Google Patents

Parpaing Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019096342A1
WO2019096342A1 PCT/DE2018/100810 DE2018100810W WO2019096342A1 WO 2019096342 A1 WO2019096342 A1 WO 2019096342A1 DE 2018100810 W DE2018100810 W DE 2018100810W WO 2019096342 A1 WO2019096342 A1 WO 2019096342A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
block
shell
outer shells
block according
shells
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DE2018/100810
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Ralf RÖDER
Michael Weber
Martin Faoro
Original Assignee
WEKO Consulting and Engineering Ltd.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by WEKO Consulting and Engineering Ltd. filed Critical WEKO Consulting and Engineering Ltd.
Priority to EP18789317.7A priority Critical patent/EP3710645B1/fr
Publication of WO2019096342A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019096342A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C1/00—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings
    • E04C1/40—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings built-up from parts of different materials, e.g. composed of layers of different materials or stones with filling material or with insulating inserts
    • E04C1/41—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings built-up from parts of different materials, e.g. composed of layers of different materials or stones with filling material or with insulating inserts composed of insulating material and load-bearing concrete, stone or stone-like material

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a block according to claim 1.
  • blocks are cuboidal
  • a cuboidal shape in the sense of conventional mathematical definition, means that the block has six flat or substantially planar outer surfaces, of which in each case two opposing outer surfaces are arranged parallel to one another. In each case a pair of parallel aligned outer surfaces of the block, a normal vector can be assigned, which is perpendicular to the plane. The three normal vectors provided by the three outer surface pairs are all perpendicular to each other and provide a Cartesian coordinate system.
  • Blocks of different types of different materials are known and widely used.
  • the focus of the present application is a block, the special load-carrying capacity and special
  • the object of the invention is to provide a block block, which allows for good or improved load transfer high thermal insulation.
  • the block according to the invention consists of a sandwich-like construction: it comprises two outer shells and a middle shell or core shell mounted therebetween. All three bowls are made of foam concrete.
  • Foamed concrete is a concrete made by hardening a mixture of cement paste and foam.
  • additives such as sand or special binders or binding aids or agents for increasing the strength may also be added to the mixture of cement paste and foam.
  • the shells of foam concrete have in the cured state a plurality of pores that are not or at least not predominantly connected to each other.
  • the foam concrete bowls can absorb little or no water.
  • Foamed concrete differs from aerated concrete in the following way: Foamed concrete is produced by mixing and then hardening a mixture of cement paste and foam.
  • the two components cement paste and foam are first prepared separately and then mixed together by stirring. This can be done for example in corresponding stirring devices.
  • the mixture thus stirred can then be removed from the stirring device, and / or a container, in particular a form, fed, in which it then hardens.
  • the supply of the stirring device to the formwork can be done for example by pumping the liquid foam concrete mass.
  • aerated concrete is done in another way: Here, the pores are generated by adding a blowing agent, for example aluminum powder into the cement paste.
  • a blowing agent for example aluminum powder into the cement paste.
  • the propellant leads So for foaming the tough cement glue. There is no mixture of foam and cement paste here.
  • aerated concrete components absorb water to a considerable extent.
  • foam concrete In foam concrete, however, the individual pores are separated from each other and just not connected. Therefore, for example, foam concrete components can absorb no or almost no water.
  • foam concrete and aerated concrete are cured under the influence of heat and pressure.
  • the shell parts of the foam concrete according to the invention harden without supply of heat and under atmospheric pressure.
  • the foam concrete to be used according to the invention is a material which, for. B. is conventionally made on a construction site.
  • foam is produced using foaming agent and water with the aid of a foam device.
  • This foam can be mixed with a mortar or a concrete, in particular a so-called cement paste.
  • Foamed concrete is usually produced in flowable consistency and, among other things, for heat-insulating components, for light leveling layers, for filling cavities of all kinds used. Bulk densities of known types of foam concrete are given in the literature at between 400 and 2,000 kg / m 3 .
  • Applicants have developed a process that can be used to make foam concrete components of lower bulk density.
  • the individual layers of the block according to the invention are prepared separately and connected after production of the individual shell parts together to form a block module.
  • This production of a block module is not on the site but in a plant.
  • the block module which has already been assembled as a handling unit from the three shell parts can thus be provided.
  • the block according to the invention has two outer shells with a middle shell arranged therebetween. All three bowls are made of foam concrete. They therefore have a uniform construction principle, wherein the shells have different densities. While the outer shells in each case have a higher apparent density, advantageously, for example, in a range between 350 and 700 kg / m 3 , the middle shell has a lower, in particular significantly lower apparent density, which lies in particular in a range between 80 and 100 kg / m 3 , The separately manufactured bowls are firmly connected after their complete curing. A fixed connection of the two outer shells with one another can also be achieved in one embodiment of the invention in that these two outer shells are initially manufactured separately, and then the middle shell is formed by casting a free space between the outer shells. After hardening of the middle shell, the two outer shells are firmly connected to each other via the middle shell.
  • the preparation of the individual shells can for example be done by large blocks, z. B. several cubic meters large blocks, from Made foam concrete and then cut into smaller parts, in particular be sawn. A corresponding smaller part can then provide an outer shell - or a central shell.
  • a first outer shell has a layer thickness of at least 17.5 cm.
  • the term layer thickness of the first outer shell refers to the depth of the block, so that the layer thickness is measured in the depth direction. In this embodiment, it is advantageously provided that this first outer shell can contribute well to a load transfer.
  • the middle layer has a layer thickness between 14 and 20 cm.
  • layer thickness refers to the direction of the block block given by the depth.
  • inventively given layer thickness between 14 and 20 cm allows to achieve a very good thermal insulation through the block.
  • the block has a height between 20 and 30 cm, in particular about 24.9 cm. This provides a block of conventional design.
  • the block has a width between 40 and 60 cm, in particular about 49.8 cm. This provides a block of width equal to the width of conventional blocks.
  • the block has a depth between 40 and 55 cm, in particular between about 42.5 and 50 cm. This provides a block with a conventional depth.
  • connection between an outer shell and the middle layer comprises the following: a) According to one variant, cemented milk is used. The cement slurry can provide a permanent secure and strong bond between each outer shell and the center shell. b) According to an alternative embodiment of the invention, the connecting means comprise adhesive mortar or synthetic resin adhesive. In this way, an optimized connection between each outer shell and the center shell can be achieved. c) According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the connection between the outer shell and center shell comprises connecting means in the form of positive-locking elements and a compensation layer.
  • the form-locking elements can For example, be set with or without application of a leveling layer on the individual shells.
  • a first positive locking element and on the middle shell facing side of the first outer shell a corresponding complementary positive locking element can be provided.
  • Both form-locking elements can be arranged in a compensation layer.
  • the connection between the outer shell and center shell is thus provided exclusively or partially by positive locking elements in this embodiment, which can absorb forces.
  • the connecting means comprise dowels or fasteners or fastening bolts, each connecting two of the shells together.
  • the dowels or fasteners or mounting bolts represent separate fasteners, each at least partially penetrate at least one outer shell and the middle shell or at least partially penetrate into these two shells.
  • anchors are provided, which completely penetrate the middle shell.
  • the connecting means in the respective shell arranged insert elements to provide a positive connection.
  • the Fier ein of the individual shells by inserting a corresponding positive engagement means in the not yet cured component be taken to ensure that the finished trained shell has positive locking elements that protrude from the respective envelope contour of the shell and with complementary shape
  • Form-fitting elements can come into engagement on the respective opposite shell and can provide in this way a secure connection between two shells.
  • the core shell is produced by casting the serving as shuttering outer shell by means of foam concrete to Fier ein Fier ein a solid bond between the outer shells and the center shell, which is also referred to as core shell. After curing of the core shell according to the invention in this variant, a firm connection between the outer shells and the middle shell without further aids or intermediate layers possible.
  • connection region between the previously manufactured outer shells and the middle shell produced by casting takes place with the aid of additional positive locking means.
  • additional positive locking means for example, be provided on the respective inner sides of the outer shell, a surface contour which is configured with projections and / or with recesses.
  • the respective inner sides of the outer shell can be provided with corresponding grooves or grooves, which have been produced for example by drilling, sawing or milling. In this way, a non-smooth or non-planar surface is achieved on the inside of the outer shell.
  • the recesses (such as grooves and grooves) or protrusions can be the bond between the outer shell and the improve pouring center shell due to the additional positive fit.
  • the two outer shells can be used as parts of a formwork, and the core shell can be made by casting with foam concrete. After curing of the center shell, a composite cross section is achieved, which is particularly well and safely connected by the casting and in addition by a positive connection.
  • the invention is further based on the object of specifying a method by which a block block of the type described above can be produced in a simple manner.
  • the invention solves this problem with the features of claim 14 and - independently - with the features of claim 15 or claim 16.
  • Fig. 1 shows a first embodiment of an inventive
  • Fig. 2 shows another embodiment of an inventive
  • FIG. 4 in a representation according to FIG. 3 another
  • FIG. 5 shows another embodiment of FIG. 3, wherein
  • Positive locking means are provided in the form of knob-like projections on one shell and corresponding recesses for the projections on the respective opposite shell,
  • Fig. 6 shows a further embodiment in a representation according to
  • FIG. 7 shows a further embodiment in a representation according to
  • FIG. 8 is a representation according to the representation of FIG. 7 of a further embodiment of a block in which a filling layer or leveling layer is provided
  • FIG. Fig. 9 in a partially sectioned schematic view similar to the representation of Fig. 3 shows another embodiment of the invention, in which the block is understood in Fierstellen, wherein two in the finished state of the block, the outer shells forming elements are shown, and in between the two Outer shell located Flohlraum just filled liquid foam concrete mass, in addition, a bottom formwork wall and a side wall formwork are shown,
  • FIG. 10 shows the embodiment of FIG. 9 in a schematic
  • Fig. 12 shows a further embodiment of the invention in one
  • Fig. 13 shows a further embodiment of the invention, wherein between two plate-shaped bodies of the space located therebetween is filled with a liquid concrete foam mass, comparable to the illustration of FIG. 9, wherein the molded body to be formed a multiple of the fleas of a block and possibly a multiple of Width of a block has
  • Fig. 14 is a schematic view of the embodiment of Fig. 13 according to the arrow XIV, wherein the molded article formed about three fleas of a block and about three times the width of a block, wherein the side shuttering walls and the Bodenschalungswand are shown, and wherein four parting lines are shown.
  • the block comprises a narrow side 11 facing the viewer of FIG. 1, a broad side 12 and an upper side 13.
  • the block 10 is thus formed as a whole cuboid. The remaining three sides of the block are not visible in FIG.
  • the block has a fleas Fl, which in the embodiment z. B. may be between 20 and 30 cm, advantageously about 24.9 cm.
  • the block also has a width B, the z. B. is between 40 and 60 cm, and advantageously in the embodiment is 49.8 cm.
  • the block finally has a depth T between z. B. may be 40 and 55 cm, in one embodiment, for example, 42.5 cm, in another embodiment can be 50 cm.
  • the block serves to enable a building wall or a part of a building wall to be connected with other blocks or other types of stones or elements.
  • the block according to the invention comprises three shells 14, 15 and
  • the first shell 14 is a load-bearing outer shell 14 having a thickness Di.
  • the thickness Di may be between 17.5 and 30 cm. In the embodiment, it can be assumed that the thickness Di is 17.5 cm.
  • This outer shell 14, which is also referred to as the first outer shell, is load-bearing.
  • the block 10 also has a second outer shell 15 which has a thickness D 3 which is smaller than the thickness D 1 .
  • the second outer shell 15 may have a thickness D 1 of only 7.5 cm.
  • the second outer shell is in the case that the thickness
  • Di is less than 17.5 cm is formed, in particular not load-bearing trained.
  • the block 10 according to the invention also has a third shell in the form of the middle shell 16.
  • the middle shell 16 may have a thickness D 2 between 14 and 20 cm.
  • All three shells 14, 15, 16 are made of a so-called foam concrete.
  • Foamed concrete is differentiated from aerated concrete and is manufactured in a completely different way.
  • Foamed concrete has in the finished cured state pores (exemplified by the pores 17a, 17b, 17c, 17d, 17e), which are not or at least predominantly not interconnected.
  • the shells 14, 15, 16 can therefore absorb no water or absorb water only to a very small extent.
  • FIG. 1 the only schematically indicated pores 17b, 17d, 17e of the middle shell 16 are not interconnected. It should be noted in this connection that the schematic representation of FIG. 1 is intended to illustrate the pores 17a, 17b, 17c, 17d, 17e only by way of example and not to scale.
  • the size and shape of the pores are of course arbitrary and depend on the type of foam used, which is mixed with the cement paste. Of course, it depends on the mixing ratio.
  • the two outer shells 14, 15 consist of a foam concrete with a higher bulk density in the range between 350 and 700 kg / m 3 .
  • the middle shell 16 consists of foam concrete with a lower apparent density of 80 to 100 kg / m 3 .
  • the individual shells 14, 15, 16 are made separately.
  • the corresponding blocks can then be divided into smaller parts, cut, in particular sawn.
  • the thus cut smaller parts then have dimensions (fleas and width) which correspond to the dimensions of the block module 10 to be formed.
  • the center shell 16 is using connecting means 18a, 18b both with the first outer shell 14 as also firmly connected to the second outer shell 15.
  • the fixed connection can be provided by different connection means 18a, 18b in completely different ways.
  • FIG. 1 merely indicates connecting means 18, 18a, 18b in a very general way.
  • a connecting means 19a, 19b respectively, a layer of an adhesive.
  • the adhesive may comprise, comprise or consist of, for example, cement or adhesive mortar or synthetic resin adhesive.
  • dowels or fastening bolts 20a, 20b, 20c, 20d are indicated. Each dowel connects the center shell 16 to either the first outer shell 14 or the second outer shell 15.
  • the dowels may be anchored in the corresponding shells 14, 15, 16 using conventional techniques.
  • adhesive aids for example of the type described above, can also be used. On the one hand, the adhesive aids can ensure or contribute to the fact that the dowels 20a, 20b, 20c, 20d are firmly anchored in the corresponding shell 14, 15, 16. On the other hand, the adhesive aids can also firmly connect to one another via two shells 14, 16 or 15, 16.
  • two dowels 20e, 20f are provided by way of example, which have an axial length L which is greater than the thickness D 2 of the middle shell 16.
  • the corresponding dowels 20e, 20f pass through the center shell 16 as far as completely and are included their respective end portions of the first outer shell 14 and the second outer shell 15 anchored.
  • the number and type of arrangement of the dowels 20a, 20b, 20c, 20d, 20e, 20f is arbitrary.
  • a homogenous, that is equally distributed arrangement of the dowel along the corresponding broad side surfaces of the shells 14, 15, 16 is provided here in order to achieve a uniform application of force.
  • positive locking means 21 are provided. These may be provided in the form of projections 22a, 22b, 22c, 22d on the corresponding shells 14, 16, which engage in corresponding recesses 23a, 23b, 23c, 23d on the respectively opposite shell part.
  • 5 shows two projections 22c, 22d on a first outer shell 14, which engages in recesses 23c, 23c on the middle shell part 16.
  • the middle shell 16 has two projections 22a, 22b, which engage in recesses 23a, 23b on the second shell part 15.
  • the interlocking means 23a, 23b, 23c, 23d can ensure captive closure of the shells 14, 15, 16 relative to one another, at least along one direction.
  • the block 10 with its three shells 14, 15, 16 provides a total of a Flandhabungsaku. Further advantageous is provided according to the invention that each of the shells 14, 15, 16 is held captive on the block 10.
  • FIG. 6 shows claws 24a, 24b on the first outer shell 14 and claws 24c, 24d on the second outer shell 15.
  • the claws 24a, 24b, 24c, 24d engage in corresponding claw receptacles 25a, 25b, 25c, 25d on the middle shell 16a and there also provide for a captive positioning of the corresponding shells relative to each other.
  • claws 26a, 26b are provided on the first outer shell 14, which cooperate with corresponding counter-claws 27a, 27b on the center shell 16.
  • These claws 26a, 26b, 27a, 27b are incorporated as insert elements in the corresponding shell 14, 16 and have already been inserted during the Fier einsreaes in the not yet cured foam mass.
  • corresponding jaw members 26a, 26b, 27a, 27b only after
  • a free space 29 can remain in the finished assembled block 10 between the two shells 14, 16 or 16, 17.
  • the free space 29 is filled by a filling layer 28.
  • the block 10 so far - except for the pores 17a, 17b, 17c, 17d not shown in FIG. 8 - no flea spaces on.
  • FIG. 9 shows, in a partially sectioned schematic view, a first block-shaped element 40 or 36 a and a second one cuboidal element 41 or 36b.
  • These two elements 40, 41 are formed substantially cuboid, and consist of a foam concrete with a higher density. They form later, in the finished block of FIG. 11, the two outer shells 14, 15, and have insofar dimensions height H and width B, which correspond to the height H and the width B of a block 10 of FIG.
  • the two elements 40, 41 are positioned relative to each other so that a cavity 34 results between them.
  • the two elements 40, 41 form a formwork 43.
  • To the formwork 43 includes a bottom wall or a formwork floor 32 and further formwork walls 33a, 33b.
  • the elements 40, 41 also form components of the formwork 43.
  • the bottom wall 32 and the side walls 33 a, 33 b of the formwork 43 are slightly larger and larger than the outside dimensions (height H, width B, depth T) of the block to be produced 10.
  • FIG. 9 shows a pouring device 31 from which a liquid foam concrete mass 30 is being poured into the cavity 34.
  • the cavity 34 is filled up to the top of the cuboid bodies 36a, 36b.
  • the middle shell 16 is formed by this potting.
  • a particularly good and strong, permanent connection between the outer shells 14, 15 is achieved.
  • the formwork parts 32, 33a, 33b can be removed, and the thus formed block 10 as shown in FIG. 1 1 are removed from the formwork.
  • recesses 39a, 39b, 39c, 39d are attached to the inner sides 38, 38a, 38b of the elements 40, 41. In this way, an improved positive connection between the center shell 16 formed after curing of the encapsulation 30 and the outer shells 14, 15 can be achieved.
  • the recesses may be provided in the manner of grooves, grooves or other arbitrarily shaped recesses. In the case of grooves or grooves, these can be oriented arbitrarily.
  • a first element 40 and a second element 41 are provided, which are each formed by a plate-shaped body 35a, 35b.
  • the plate-shaped body 35a, 35b has dimensions that exceed the height H or the width B of a block to be produced, or exceed several times.
  • the plate-shaped body 35a, 35b are in turn made of a foam concrete higher density, and already cured. As a result, a formwork with the aid of a bottom wall 32 and two side walls 33a, 33b is obtained.
  • the plate-shaped body 35a, 35b act as shells and limit the cavity 34. This is in the embodiment of Fig. 13 - as previously explained with reference to the embodiments of FIGS.
  • the shaped body 44 thus formed, as shown in FIG. 14 with reference to the parting lines 37a, 37b, 37c, 37d, can now be cut, for example sawed.
  • the molded body 44 has an overall height that is approximately three times the height H of a block 10. This also corresponds to the illustration of FIG. 13.
  • the shaped body 44 accordingly has an overall width which corresponds approximately to three times the width B of a block 10.
  • Some of the blocks to be produced are exemplarily denoted by 10a, 10b, 10c, 10d, 10e in FIG. 10.
  • a particularly productive production can be achieved.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Road Paving Structures (AREA)
  • Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne entre autres un parpaing (10) qui comprend deux coques extérieures (14, 15) et une coque centrale (16) disposée de manière intercalée. Les coques extérieures et la coque centrale sont constituées de béton cellulaire. Les coques extérieures présentent respectivement une masse volumique apparente plus élevée et la coque centrale présente au contraire une masse volumique apparente inférieure. La coque centrale est reliée de manière solidaire aux deux coques extérieures.
PCT/DE2018/100810 2017-11-14 2018-09-25 Parpaing WO2019096342A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP18789317.7A EP3710645B1 (fr) 2017-11-14 2018-09-25 Parpaing

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102017126749.2 2017-11-14
DE102017126749.2A DE102017126749A1 (de) 2017-11-14 2017-11-14 Blockstein

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2019096342A1 true WO2019096342A1 (fr) 2019-05-23

Family

ID=63914739

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/DE2018/100810 WO2019096342A1 (fr) 2017-11-14 2018-09-25 Parpaing

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3710645B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102017126749A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2019096342A1 (fr)

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1070210A (fr) * 1953-01-30 1954-07-20 Cie D Entpr S Electr éléments de construction isothermes
CH421450A (de) * 1961-12-07 1966-09-30 G Funk Friedrich Ummantelter Leichtbaustein
CN105544842A (zh) * 2015-11-30 2016-05-04 重庆胜禹新型材料有限公司 新型复合墙体砖
GB2540619A (en) * 2015-07-24 2017-01-25 Termokir Ind (1980) Ltd Monolithic building block

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3530138A1 (de) * 1985-08-23 1987-02-26 Heinz Dennert Sandwich-baustein fuer aussenmauerwerke
DE10163994A1 (de) * 2001-12-24 2003-07-03 Veit Dennert Kg Baustoffbetr Verfahren zur Herstellung eines wärmedämmenden, mehrschaligen Mauersteins sowie Mauerstein als solcher
DE102006019796A1 (de) * 2006-04-28 2007-10-31 Ziegelwerk Ott Deisendorf Gmbh & Co. Besitz-Kg Mauerwerksandwichelement und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung
BE1017892A3 (fr) * 2007-12-10 2009-10-06 Cellumat Nv
WO2010109270A1 (fr) * 2009-03-25 2010-09-30 Marco Tarello Procédé de fabrication d'un produit de bâtiment isolant pour bâtiments et produit de bâtiment ainsi obtenu
DE102010023726A1 (de) * 2010-06-14 2011-12-15 Xella Baustoffe Gmbh Bauplatte sowie Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung der Bauplatte

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1070210A (fr) * 1953-01-30 1954-07-20 Cie D Entpr S Electr éléments de construction isothermes
CH421450A (de) * 1961-12-07 1966-09-30 G Funk Friedrich Ummantelter Leichtbaustein
GB2540619A (en) * 2015-07-24 2017-01-25 Termokir Ind (1980) Ltd Monolithic building block
CN105544842A (zh) * 2015-11-30 2016-05-04 重庆胜禹新型材料有限公司 新型复合墙体砖

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Publication number Publication date
DE102017126749A1 (de) 2019-05-16
EP3710645A1 (fr) 2020-09-23
EP3710645B1 (fr) 2023-04-05

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