EP1676684B1 - Procédé de production d'un bloc de construction - Google Patents

Procédé de production d'un bloc de construction Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1676684B1
EP1676684B1 EP05027698A EP05027698A EP1676684B1 EP 1676684 B1 EP1676684 B1 EP 1676684B1 EP 05027698 A EP05027698 A EP 05027698A EP 05027698 A EP05027698 A EP 05027698A EP 1676684 B1 EP1676684 B1 EP 1676684B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
stone
webs
height
compression
region
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP05027698A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1676684A2 (fr
EP1676684A3 (fr
Inventor
Friedrich Gebhart
Siegfried Gebhart
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Baustoffwerke Gebhart and Soehne GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Baustoffwerke Gebhart and Soehne GmbH and Co KG
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Publication date
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Publication of EP1676684A2 publication Critical patent/EP1676684A2/fr
Publication of EP1676684A3 publication Critical patent/EP1676684A3/fr
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B3/00—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
    • B28B3/02—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein a ram exerts pressure on the material in a moulding space; Ram heads of special form
    • B28B3/021—Ram heads of special form
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B7/00—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels
    • B28B7/16—Moulds for making shaped articles with cavities or holes open to the surface, e.g. with blind holes
    • B28B7/18—Moulds for making shaped articles with cavities or holes open to the surface, e.g. with blind holes the holes passing completely through the article
    • B28B7/183—Moulds for making shaped articles with cavities or holes open to the surface, e.g. with blind holes the holes passing completely through the article for building blocks or similar block-shaped objects
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C1/00—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings
    • E04C1/40—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings built-up from parts of different materials, e.g. composed of layers of different materials or stones with filling material or with insulating inserts
    • E04C1/41—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings built-up from parts of different materials, e.g. composed of layers of different materials or stones with filling material or with insulating inserts composed of insulating material and load-bearing concrete, stone or stone-like material
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2002/0202—Details of connections
    • E04B2002/0204—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections
    • E04B2002/0208—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections of trapezoidal shape

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing a building block, in particular a hollow block, which consists of an inner and an outer stone part, which by webs, which each extend over only a portion of the height of the block in a form, wherein the stone material of a initial height H 1 is compacted by a press plunger to a finished brick height H 2.
  • the invention further relates to a device for carrying out the method and a device produced by the method.
  • a building block of the type mentioned namely a hollow block made of concrete material, generally lightweight concrete, with an insulating intermediate layer between the inner stone part and the outer stone part is eg from the DE 27 06 714 C2 , of the DE 24 40 466 and the DE 32 12 582 A1 known.
  • the US 4,670,204 shows a method for producing a building block, which consists of an inner and an outer stone part, which are interconnected by webs, which each extend over only a portion of the height of the block, in a mold, wherein the stone material from an initial level a compacting punch is compressed to a finished height of the stone.
  • the present invention has for its object to optimize in a block of the type mentioned in the cross section of the webs so that on the one hand meets the requirements of strength, on the other hand, however, the cross section is kept as low as possible, so that the inevitable cold spots as low as possible are and thus improves the overall thermal insulation effect of the block.
  • a device for carrying out the method is in claim 5 and a block according to the invention is described in claim 10.
  • the production of a building block is normally carried out in a reversed position as will be used later.
  • the mold corresponds in the usual way to the negative mold of the block to be produced, wherein concrete material is introduced into the mold and then a press ram from above starting from an initial height H 1 performs a compaction to a finished height of rock H 2 .
  • Concrete members protrude from the press die, which ensure that the concrete material in the area of the webs is pushed further downwards and thus the webs only extend over a partial area of the height after completion of the compacting process.
  • the inventive method avoids this problem.
  • the displaced during the compression process material from the area over the webs can be more easily distributed in the web area to be compacted. In this way, there is also a more even compaction in the web area at the same time.
  • the different cross sections in the compression area over the webs and in the land area itself can advantageously be achieved by forming the width of the shape of the stone in the region of the webs and over the webs accordingly, wherein the Cross section of the compactors is adjusted accordingly.
  • this has been found to be advantageous that this can be achieved by constriction, which are inserted according to the shape and laterally reduce the width of the region of the mold over the webs accordingly.
  • a device 2 e.g. a hollow block
  • a device or mold 1 which represents the negative mold of the module 2 to be produced - optionally with cores.
  • a hollow block with an outer stone part 2a and an inner stone part 2b is shown.
  • the connection between the two stone parts 2a and 2b is effected by two webs 3, which extend in the vertical direction over a portion of the height of the stone 2 and which are arranged at a distance from the lateral abutting sides of the stone 2.
  • the shape of the hollow block shown in the embodiment is to be regarded as a possible example only. In principle, the most varied forms and configurations of a building block are possible.
  • the mold 1 For the production of the block 2, concrete material is poured into the mold 1 accordingly. From the FIG. 2 It can be seen that the mold 1 extends to a height H 1 , while the finished stone height H 2 He H 1 extends while the finished height of the stone is H 2 . At a generally common height of about 250 mm stone, the initial height H 1 may be for example 315 mm.
  • the compaction of the concrete material from H 1 to H 2 is carried out by a punch 4 in a known manner.
  • the punch 4 has two compression members in the form of compression strips 5 on its side facing the component 2 to be produced.
  • the compression members 5 have a width corresponding to the web width between the two stone parts 2a and 2b.
  • the compression members 5 corresponds to the cross section, ie, the thickness and the width, the thickness D and the width of the webs 3. Is for compacting the concrete material of the punch 4 with the compression members 5 for the land areas according to the arrow down moves, so the compression members 5 penetrate into a mold guide 6 in the mold 1 from above. In this case, the compression of the concrete material, which is located in the area above the webs 3 and the webs 3 takes place. Depending on the length L of the compression strips 5 takes place a compression in the web area up to a desired web height H 3 .
  • the cross section or the width B of the guide and also the height H 3 can be correspondingly optimized so that the best possible heat insulation conditions can be maintained. Decisive for this is the entire volume of the webs 3, which results from the cross section and the height H 3 .
  • the constriction 8 compression in such a way that in the area of the webs 3 is a higher compression ratio than in the other stone areas. This means that the stability or stiffness in the webs 3 is significantly better in comparison to the prior art, which in turn allows a smaller web height H 3 and / or web cross-section can be achieved to reduce an unavoidable cold bridge.
  • the thickness of the two constriction bars 8 taken together can be between 5 and 10 mm with a web thickness D of e.g. Be 30 mm, so that the width B in the guide 6 via the webs 3 between 20 and 25 mm.
  • a web thickness D e.g. Be 30 mm
  • the compression ratio in the rest of the stone area is generally about 0.8
  • the compression ratio in the two webs 3 ⁇ 0.7 can be selected. Preferred values are between 0.45 and 0.6. If necessary, the stone density in the region of the webs 3 can be increased.
  • the width of the webs 3 between the two stone parts 2a and 2b may be between 80 and 100 mm, preferably 90 mm.
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 is a manufactured according to the method described above block 2 in the finished state.
  • the production of the module 2 according to Fig. 1 and 2 in the form 1 was in the reverse manner, as this walled later, as is known from the Fig. 4 is apparent.
  • the gap between the inner stone part 2b and the outer stone part 2a is replaced by a heat insulating layer, e.g. a plate of polystyrene 9, filled. Due to the webs 3, the plate 9 has corresponding recesses and has approximately the shape of a comb.
  • a heat insulating layer e.g. a plate of polystyrene 9, filled. Due to the webs 3, the plate 9 has corresponding recesses and has approximately the shape of a comb.
  • the polystyrene plate 9 projects slightly beyond the stone outer sides (see Fig. 3 ).
  • the slots 11 have a width and length such that the polystyrene plate 9 can be elastically compressed in this area.
  • the advantage consists in compensating for tolerance and installation inaccuracies in the lateral joining together of building blocks 2 when producing a wall, so that, viewed over the wall width, a closed insulation layer results.
  • the slots 11 extend over the entire height of the polystyrene plate 9. Instead of slots and holes or cuts can be provided in case of need. Decisive is only that results in this lateral area a corresponding elasticity for compressing the polystyrene plate 9.
  • the webs 3 both on both sides and down in the direction of the free space which the polystyrene plate 9 fills, with strong or large rounding 12 (to the side) and 13 (down) are provided.
  • the rounding may be of the order of 20 to 40 mm, preferably 30 mm.
  • the strong rounding 12, 13 provide further security against breaks in the web area or at the transitions to the inner stone part 2b and outer stone part 2a.
  • the method according to the invention can be used not only for producing a building block from a concrete material but also from other building materials.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Press-Shaping Or Shaping Using Conveyers (AREA)
  • Revetment (AREA)
  • Two-Way Televisions, Distribution Of Moving Picture Or The Like (AREA)
  • Moulds, Cores, Or Mandrels (AREA)

Claims (17)

  1. Procédé de fabrication dans un moule (1) d'une pierre à bâtir (2), en particulier d'une pierre à bâtir creuse, qui est composée d'une partie de pierre intérieure et d'une partie de pierre extérieure (2a, 2b) qui sont réunies l'une à l'autre par des nervures (3) lesquelles s'étendent à chaque fois seulement sur une région partielle de la hauteur de la pierre à bâtir (2), dans lequel la matière de la pierre est comprimée d'une hauteur de départ (H1) à une hauteur de pierre finie (H2) par un poinçon (4),
    caractérisé en ce que
    la section de compression dans le moule (1) est choisie plus faible dans la région de compression située au-dessus des nervures (3) que dans la région des nervures (3), la compression s'effectuant de telle manière qu'il s'établisse une plus forte compression dans la région des nervures (3) que dans la région restante de la pierre à bâtir.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le rapport de compression dans les nervures (3) selon la direction de la course de compression est choisi < 0,7.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 2,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le rapport de compression est compris entre 0,45 et 0,6.
  4. Procédé selon la revendication 3,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le rapport de compression est au moins approximativement égal à 0,5.
  5. Dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4,
    caractérisé en ce que,
    dans la région des nervures (3), le poinçon (4) est pourvu d'éléments de compression (5) qui font saillie sur le poinçon (4) en direction de la pierre (2) à comprimer et dont l'épaisseur, considérée dans la direction longitudinale de la pierre à bâtir, est inférieure à l'épaisseur des nervures (3), et en ce que le moule (1) est muni de décrochements (7) sur les nervures (3) de la pierre (2), les décrochements (7) se trouvant au moins approximativement à la hauteur finie (H2) de la pierre.
  6. Dispositif selon la revendication 5,
    caractérisé en ce que
    les décrochements (7) sont formés par des lamelles de rétrécissement (8) qui sont insérées dans le moule (1).
  7. Dispositif selon la revendication 6,
    caractérisé en ce que
    les lamelles de rétrécissement (8) et les éléments de compression (5) sont pourvus d'arrondis ou de chanfreins à leurs extrémités dirigées vers la pierre à fabriquer (2).
  8. Dispositif selon la revendication 7,
    caractérisé en ce que
    les arrondis (12, 13) présentent un rayon de 20 à 40 mm, de préférence de 30 mm.
  9. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 6 à 8,
    caractérisé en ce que,
    pour chaque nervure (3), il est prévu deux lamelles de rétrécissement latérales (8), le rapport de l'épaisseur des nervures à l'épaisseur des deux lamelles (8) considérées ensemble, étant compris dans la plage de 1:3 à 1:7, et étant de préférence égal à au moins 1:5.
  10. Pierre à bâtir (2), en particulier pierre à bâtir creuse, qui est composée d'une partie de pierre intérieure et d'une partie de pierre extérieure (2a, 2b) qui sont réunies l'une à l'autre par des nervures (3) qui d'étendent seulement sur une région partielle de la hauteur de la pierre,
    caractérisée en ce que,
    dans la région des nervures (3), il existe une compression plus forte que dans la région restante de la pierre.
  11. Pierre à bâtir selon la revendication 10,
    caractérisée en ce que
    le rapport de la hauteur (H1) de la pierre à la hauteur des nervures est < 0,7
  12. Pierre à bâtir selon la revendication 11,
    caractérisée en ce que
    le rapport de la hauteur (H1) de la pierre à la hauteur des nervures est compris entre 0,5 et 0,6 et de préférence égal à 0,55.
  13. Pierre à bâtir selon l'une des revendications 10 à 12,
    caractérisée en ce que,
    sur un côté, les nervures (3) sont à chaque fois au moins approximativement dans le même plan qu'un côté extérieur de la pierre, tandis que, sur l'autre côté de la pierre, elles présentent à chaque fois un rayon de raccordement à la partie intérieure (2b) de la pierre et à la partie extérieure (2a) de la pierre, qui est > 30 mm.
  14. Pierre à bâtir selon l'une des revendications 10 à 13,
    caractérisée en ce que
    les nervures (3) ont à chaque fois des rayons de raccordement latéraux qui sont > 30 mm.
  15. Pierre à bâtir selon l'une des revendications 10 à 14,
    caractérisée en ce que
    la région entre la partie intérieure (2b) de la pierre et la partie extérieure (2a) de la pierre est remplie d'une couche isolante (9).
  16. Pierre à bâtir selon la revendication 15,
    caractérisée en ce que
    la couche isolante (9) est faite d'une plaque de polystyrène qui déborde latéralement au-delà de la pierre (2) au moins sur un côté, la plaque de polystyrène (9) étant pourvue d'entailles, de perçages ou d'évidements (11) sur le côté qui déborde au-delà de la pierre.
  17. Pierre à bâtir selon la revendication 16,
    caractérisée en ce que,
    sur le côté qui déborde en dehors de la pierre (2), la plaque de polystyrène (9) est pourvue d'une ou de plusieurs fentes (11) qui s'étendent approximativement sur toute la hauteur de la pierre.
EP05027698A 2004-12-29 2005-12-17 Procédé de production d'un bloc de construction Active EP1676684B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102004063187A DE102004063187A1 (de) 2004-12-29 2004-12-29 Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Bausteins

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1676684A2 EP1676684A2 (fr) 2006-07-05
EP1676684A3 EP1676684A3 (fr) 2009-08-12
EP1676684B1 true EP1676684B1 (fr) 2010-12-15

Family

ID=36088406

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP05027698A Active EP1676684B1 (fr) 2004-12-29 2005-12-17 Procédé de production d'un bloc de construction

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1676684B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE491557T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE102004063187A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2358119T3 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110524692B (zh) * 2019-08-23 2020-11-24 河南中南工业有限责任公司 一种叶蜡石块压制模具及其压制方法

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4819396A (en) * 1982-07-07 1989-04-11 Cruise Thomas E Insulated concrete masonry unit with low density heat bridges
US4670204A (en) * 1982-07-07 1987-06-02 Cruise Thomas E Process of producing an insulated concrete masonry unit with low density heat bridges
AT381532B (de) * 1984-08-30 1986-10-27 Batiwe Beteiligung Hohlblockstein fuer die errichtung von aufgehendem mauerwerk, sowie giessform zur herstellung des hohlblocksteines
JPH0227048Y2 (fr) * 1985-10-11 1990-07-23

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102004063187A1 (de) 2006-07-13
DE502005010677D1 (de) 2011-01-27
EP1676684A2 (fr) 2006-07-05
ATE491557T1 (de) 2011-01-15
EP1676684A3 (fr) 2009-08-12
ES2358119T3 (es) 2011-05-05

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