WO2019091469A1 - 一种长余辉反光道钉 - Google Patents

一种长余辉反光道钉 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019091469A1
WO2019091469A1 PCT/CN2018/114932 CN2018114932W WO2019091469A1 WO 2019091469 A1 WO2019091469 A1 WO 2019091469A1 CN 2018114932 W CN2018114932 W CN 2018114932W WO 2019091469 A1 WO2019091469 A1 WO 2019091469A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
long afterglow
spike
transparent
afterglow luminescent
luminescent material
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PCT/CN2018/114932
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
方显峰
Original Assignee
方显峰
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Publication date
Application filed by 方显峰 filed Critical 方显峰
Publication of WO2019091469A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019091469A1/zh

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01F—ADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
    • E01F9/00—Arrangement of road signs or traffic signals; Arrangements for enforcing caution
    • E01F9/50—Road surface markings; Kerbs or road edgings, specially adapted for alerting road users
    • E01F9/506—Road surface markings; Kerbs or road edgings, specially adapted for alerting road users characterised by the road surface marking material, e.g. comprising additives for improving friction or reflectivity; Methods of forming, installing or applying markings in, on or to road surfaces
    • E01F9/524—Reflecting elements specially adapted for incorporation in or application to road surface markings
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01F—ADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
    • E01F9/00—Arrangement of road signs or traffic signals; Arrangements for enforcing caution
    • E01F9/50—Road surface markings; Kerbs or road edgings, specially adapted for alerting road users
    • E01F9/553—Low discrete bodies, e.g. marking blocks, studs or flexible vehicle-striking members

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of traffic safety equipment, in particular to a long afterglow reflective spike.
  • Road spikes also known as raised road signs, are generally placed on either side or in the middle of the road, and are reflected by the light from the vehicle or by themselves to form a point-like continuous reflective or illuminating indicator belt to provide guidance and indication to the vehicle.
  • the traditional spikes are mostly pure reflective spikes. Because the spikes cannot get rid of the dependence on the vehicle lighting, and can only induce and indicate the driver of the motor vehicle, they cannot meet the road pedestrian and non-motor vehicle driving. The safety needs of the staff. With the development of society and the development of transportation, various urban roads and new types of roads, such as park greenways and bicycle lanes, are increasing. There is an urgent need for a new type of road that is suitable for all kinds of roads, especially people and vehicles. Some people have therefore proposed a long afterglow nail (ie, night road spike), combined with retroreflective materials and long afterglow luminescent materials, so as to retain the original reflective function, and can provide the non-lighting traveler through afterglow illumination. Luminescence-inducing function.
  • Chinese Patent Application No. CN 205529968 U discloses a long afterglow nail which is cast or poured into the top of a spike bracket by a front casting or pouring, or a reverse casting or pouring method. Solidified in the holes or grooves or transparent windows in the face or bottom or on each side.
  • the molding structure specifically combines the long afterglow luminescent powder and the transparent resin into a liquid or molten state, pouring or injecting and solidifying, so that the long afterglow luminescent material and the spike bracket have high bonding fastness, withstand wheel rolling and are not easy to crack. And shedding, and it is easy to produce a long afterglow luminescent material having a sufficient thickness to meet the requirement of long afterglow and high brightness.
  • the process can produce high-brightness long afterglow studs and form a molding structure unique to the process.
  • the molding structure has obvious advantages such as high afterglow brightness and good overall fastness, can meet the road use conditions, and has energy-saving luminous effect, and is quickly recognized by the transportation department.
  • the approval of the manufacturer has become the mainstream molding structure of the road long-lasting road nails: the majority of the long-lasting nails that meet the national standards and have been promoted and applied by the state are manufactured according to the molding structure, and are on scenic highways or rural roads or Park greenways and other places have been used more and more.
  • the long afterglow reflective spikes of the front-cast molded structure are the most widely used, and the long afterglow reflective spikes installed on existing roads are almost all such structures.
  • the top surface of the afterglow spike is mostly flat, and its illumination angle in the direction of travel of the road is small, which seriously affects the luminous effect of the spike; and the long afterglow luminescent material provided at the top is difficult to be sensitized by the lamp at night.
  • the top of the long afterglow luminescent material can only be made into a planar structure, which is prone to long-term water accumulation and causes hydrolysis of the long afterglow luminescent powder, thereby affecting or even losing the long afterglow luminescence function, affecting the normal use of the long afterglow nail, and Reduced service life.
  • the spike bracket in order to meet the road requirements that can not function, for example: the spike bracket sometimes needs to use cast aluminum material to improve the structural strength of the spike, or sometimes need to use different colors of plastic material to make the spike bracket to meet the requirements of different regions. Or the needs of different road sections: If the spike bracket is made of yellow or red plastic material to play the role of warning.
  • the above materials are non-transparent materials, and the combination with long afterglow luminescent materials has limitations in the process.
  • the forming structure which is cast or infused by the bottom surface (reverse surface) mentioned in the above patents sometimes needs to be changed during the pouring or pouring process due to the pouring or pouring position, which is easy to cause the thickness of the long afterglow luminescent material everywhere.
  • the problem of uneven brightness and unevenness of the long afterglow, which is caused by unevenness, improves the difficulty of quality control; and when a long afterglow luminescent material is provided in multiple parts of the casing, the process flow is long and it is difficult to improve production efficiency.
  • the forming structure which is cast or poured by the bottom surface (reverse surface) mentioned in the above patent if the top is made of a bulging structure, it is difficult to maintain during the pouring or pouring process because the top and bottom are small and the center of gravity is unstable.
  • the stability of the spike housing which in turn affects production efficiency and product quality; or in order to maintain the stability of the spike housing, it is necessary to provide a bracket during the manufacturing process to prevent the spike housing from tipping over, thereby increasing manufacturing costs.
  • the temperature resistance of the spike bracket material is different from the curing temperature of the long afterglow luminescent material, sometimes to ensure the resistance of the spike bracket material.
  • the temperature performance makes the curing temperature of the long afterglow luminescent powder and the resin insufficient, affecting the performance of the long afterglow luminescent material.
  • the curing temperature of the long afterglow luminescent powder and the resin exceeds the material of the spike bracket material. The temperature resistance, the shell is melted, so the long afterglow luminescent material and the spike bracket must be used as a component forming structure.
  • the long afterglow reflective nails must meet the traffic design specifications (such as ensuring reflective performance, minimum brightness, size, etc.), but also consider the limits of the industry's manufacturing technology, but also consider practicality and economy. Sexually, many components are installed in a limited space of the spike housing.
  • the invention makes a component by first placing a long afterglow luminescent material in the cavity of the upwardly bulging transparent top case, and then opening the component from above the spike bracket from top to bottom or from the bottom of the spike bracket. Secured to the top of the spike holder from the bottom to the top by encapsulating material or/and fastening structure or fasteners; or cast or infused the long afterglow luminescent material into the cavity at the top of the spike body and encapsulated by the encapsulating material Or, the long afterglow luminescent material is firstly cast and solidified and demolded into a preform, and the preform is fixed to the cavity of the top of the dowel body by a light guiding glue or a transparent glue, and is packaged. The material is packaged; thereby forming a top emissive transparent shell with a long afterglow luminescent material and a dorsal body with a retroreflective material on the side.
  • the molded structure can achieve the following purposes:
  • the long afterglow luminescent material is disposed in the cavity of the transparent top case and is protected by the upper transparent top case, thereby avoiding the problem of hydrolysis of the long afterglow luminescent powder contained in the long afterglow luminescent material due to rain and wheel wear. And the transparent resin contained in the long afterglow luminescent material is prone to mildew or aging yellowing, thereby improving the durability and illuminance of the long afterglow luminescent material;
  • the long afterglow luminescent material is arranged in the cavity of the transparent top case, and the top part is mainly stimulated by the sunlight of the daytime, and the side part is mainly beneficial to the nighttime lamp to excite the long afterglow luminescent material to supplement the light, and enlarges the person.
  • the viewing angle of the eye thereby improving the luminous effect of the long afterglow luminescent material at the top of the spike;
  • the top bulge of the body of the spike can effectively prevent the accumulation of ash in the water
  • the illuminating preform is assembled and assembled with the spike bracket, which reduces the technical requirements in the manufacturing process, is easy to control the quality, improves the consistency of the product, and greatly improves the production efficiency due to the modular production method. ;
  • reverse casting method (the reverse casting or reverse pouring described in the text refers to turning the spike shell or the transparent top shell, bottom up, top down, mixing the long afterglow luminescent material powder and the transparent resin and pouring from the bottom Or the shape of the perfusion, the meaning of the front casting or the infusion, and so on), due to the gravity sedimentation, the density of the long afterglow luminescent powder of the long afterglow luminescent material at the bottom of the casting can be controlled to be greater than the density of the long afterglow luminescent powder at the top of the casting, and
  • the bottom side of the casting having a relatively large density of the afterglow luminescent powder is disposed as a light receiving surface to further increase the afterglow illuminance, and the portion of the upwardly disposed afterglow luminescent powder having a relatively large density is relatively small due to the relatively small transparent resin.
  • the range of influence of mild resin or aging yellowing of the transparent resin further ensures the durability of long afterglow luminescence;
  • the forming structure is convenient for the long afterglow material to be directly poured or poured and solidified, or after casting and curing, and then combined with the transparent top shell through the light guiding glue or the transparent glue, the flexibility of the product manufacturing is improved. Convenience and meet different needs.
  • a long afterglow reflective spike comprising a long afterglow luminescent material (1), a transparent top case (2), a white reflective layer (3), and a spike bracket.
  • the transparent top case (2) has a top surface that is upwardly raised and a bottom surface that is recessed to form a cavity.
  • the cavity is provided with a long afterglow luminescent material (1) with a white reflective layer (3) at the bottom, and the long afterglow luminescent material (1) and the transparent top case (2) are combined into one member;
  • the spike bracket The top of (4) is provided with an upwardly open cavity or/and a hole or/and a groove, the member being embedded in the upwardly open cavity at the top of the spike holder (4) from above and below and passing through the encapsulating material (6), Or, the encapsulating material (6) and the fastening structure or/and the fastener (7) are fixed and combined with the spike bracket (4) to form a unitary structure with a top bulge of a long afterglow luminescent material (1); or
  • the top of the nail holder (4) is provided with a downwardly open cavity or/and a hole or/and a groove, the above member being Embeding upward into the downwardly open cavity or/and the hole or/and recess in the top of the spike bracket (4) and through the encapsulating material
  • the long afterglow luminescent material (1) can be directly poured into the cavity of the transparent top case (2) and solidified, and combined with the transparent top case (2) to form a member, or can be cast and cured to be pre-formed. Then, it is bonded to the cavity of the transparent top case (2) by a light-guiding glue or a transparent glue to form a member.
  • the member When the top of the spike bracket (4) is provided with an upwardly open cavity, the member is passed from above and above the spike bracket (4) through the encapsulating material (6) such as an encapsulant, etc., or/and tightly.
  • a solid structure or fastener (7) such as a screw, a screw hole, a concave-convex structure, a fitting mechanism, or the like is fixed in the upwardly open cavity at the top of the spike bracket (4).
  • the member When the top of the spike bracket (4) is provided with a downwardly open cavity, the member is passed from the lower side of the spike bracket (4) to the packaging material (6) such as an encapsulant or the like, or/and tightly.
  • the solid structure or fastener (7) such as a screw, a screw hole, a concave-convex structure, a fitting mechanism, and the like are fixed in an upwardly open cavity at the top of the spike holder (4), and finally encapsulated with an encapsulant.
  • the long afterglow luminescent material is solidified and molded by reverse casting into a forming mold: the formed uplifting long afterglow luminescent material is used for encapsulating material (6) or fastening structure or/and fastener (7) Fixed in the open cavity at the top of the bracket, or the shaped upward bulging long afterglow luminescent material is fixed in the open cavity at the top of the bracket with the encapsulating material (6) or the fastening structure or/and the fastener (7) Covering or spraying a transparent resin protective layer on the upper surface of the long afterglow luminescent material that is raised upward is also considered equivalent technique.
  • the liquid mixture of the long afterglow luminescent powder and the resin can function as an encapsulant, for example, a liquid of a long afterglow luminescent powder and a resin can be used at a joint around the transparent top case (2) and the stud bracket (4).
  • the mixture is filled and solidified, and can function as bonding, encapsulation, fixing, and structural strengthening, and can also function as a long afterglow luminescent material (1), increasing the light-emitting area of the long afterglow luminescent material (1). Better illuminating effect.
  • the technical solution B of the present invention is: as shown in FIG. 3, a long afterglow reflective spike, comprising a long afterglow luminescent material (1), a transparent top case (2), a white reflective layer (3), and a spike holder (4) , the retroreflective material (5), the encapsulating material (6); the transparent top case (2) and the spike bracket (4) are conjoined molded bodies, and the top surface of the conjoined molded body is raised upward and bottom Forming a cavity facing the inner recess, the cavity is provided with a long afterglow luminescent material (1); below the long afterglow luminescent material (1) is provided with a white reflective layer (3), and the white reflective layer (3) is disposed below There is a packaging material (6), the side of the spike bracket (4) is provided with a hole or a groove or a transparent window, and a hole or a groove or a transparent window on the side of the spike bracket (4) is provided with a retroreflective material (5).
  • the continuous molded body is generally injection molded or molded by a transparent plastic, and may be injection molded in a separate manner, or may be heat sealed by ultrasonic waves.
  • the long afterglow luminescent material (1) can be directly poured or poured into the cavity of the transparent top case (2) to be solidified and formed by encapsulation, or can be cast and solidified first to form a preform, and then used as a guide.
  • the glue or transparent adhesive is adhesively fixed into the cavity of the transparent top case (2) and finally encapsulated with the encapsulant.
  • the open cavity of the spike bracket (4) or the periphery of the open cavity is provided with a concave-convex structure or a conforming structure (such as a ⁇ structure or the like) or an interference fit structure, or/and, on the transparent top case (2)
  • a concave-convex structure or a conforming structure or an interference fit structure is provided to improve the structural strength of the spike.
  • the long afterglow luminescent material (1) is a long afterglow luminescent material which is mixed with a long afterglow luminescent powder and a transparent resin into a liquid or molten state, and which is formed by solidification after casting, and having a density of the cast basement long afterglow luminescent powder greater than the density of the cast top illuminating powder.
  • the casting underlayer having a relatively large density of the long afterglow luminescent powder is disposed on the side close to the transparent top case (2) as the main light receiving surface, further The brightness of the long afterglow is improved.
  • the top of the transparent top case (2) is provided with a non-slip structure, including anti-slip lines, non-slip bumps, etc., to provide an anti-slip function.
  • the top of the transparent top case (2) is a structure that is not easily tipped after being inverted, ensuring the stability of the transparent top case (2) after being inverted, and facilitating the pouring or injecting the long afterglow luminescent material and the package material on the reverse side without having to The casting process is additionally fixed using a bracket.
  • the top of the transparent top case (2) is partially planar.
  • a partition or rib is provided in the cavity or/and the hole or/and the recess of the transparent top case (2), or a cavity or/and a hole or/and a groove in the groove of the spike bracket Or stiffeners. In order to improve the structural strength of the spikes, and naturally play the role of partition.
  • a long afterglow luminescent material (1) is provided in the hole or the groove or the transparent window on the side of the spike holder (4) to provide the afterglow illuminating function on the side of the spike; the upper afterglow luminescent material (1) is provided above Transparent protective cover for light transmission and protection and encapsulated by encapsulant.
  • the bottom surface of the spike bracket (4) is provided with a mounting foot.
  • the mounting feet can be buried in the road and act as a fixed installation.
  • the side surface of the spike bracket (4) is provided with two opposite planes which are inclined at a certain angle with the bottom surface of the spike or the road surface, and the plane is provided with holes or grooves or transparent windows, and the holes or grooves or transparent
  • the window is provided with a lattice type retroreflective material layer or a microprism type retroreflective material layer or a reflective bead array sheet or a cat's eye reflective bead.
  • the top of the dowel body is mainly provided with a long afterglow luminescent material and bulged upward, and the side surface of the dowel body is mainly provided with a retroreflective material, the durability and structural strength of the long afterglow luminescent material and the retroreflective material can be ensured, and at the same time
  • the long afterglow luminescent material is ensured to have sufficient illuminating area and sufficient illuminating viewing angle and sufficient illuminating brightness, and the retroreflective material has sufficient reflective area and reflective effect.
  • a hole or a groove or a transparent window on the side of the spike is internally or externally mounted with a retroreflective material (5) or/and a long afterglow luminescent material (1) fixed by an anti-shedding card slot or a conforming structure or an interference fit, or / and, by encapsulation material (6), to improve the structural strength of the spike side retroreflective material (5) or / and the long afterglow luminescent material (1), so that it is not easy to damage or fall off, thereby improving the service life of the spike.
  • the long afterglow luminescent material (1) belongs to an energy storage luminescent material, generally refers to a mixture or mixed processing of a long afterglow luminescent powder or a long afterglow luminescent powder and a transparent medium.
  • the processed material refers to a molded product which is mixed with a luminescent powder and a transparent medium, and is subjected to heat curing or reaction curing or injection molding, extrusion, and the like.
  • the long-lasting luminescent powder preferentially selects rare earth-doped alkaline earth aluminates or silicates with good luminescence properties, such as blue-green Sr 4 Al 14 O 25 or yellow-green SrAl 2 O 4 , or a mixture of the two in a certain ratio.
  • the transparent medium is a medium such as a plastic resin, rubber or glass having good light transmission properties.
  • the long afterglow luminescent material (1) can be pre-formed and fixed in the cavity of the transparent top case (2) by light-guiding glue or transparent glue; or the long afterglow luminescent material can be mixed with the transparent encapsulant and directly poured or poured on the reverse side.
  • the cavity of the transparent top case (2) is solidified and formed.
  • the long afterglow luminescent material (1) is provided with a transparent top case (2) or a transparent protective case on or above the upper luminescent material (1) for light transmission and protection.
  • the transparent top case (2) is a transparent top material which is made of a transparent material such as transparent plastic or transparent resin or transparent glass, and has a transparent top case with a downwardly open cavity at the bottom, mainly for light transmission, protection and compression resistance.
  • the specific effects include: 1. It is convenient for the long afterglow luminescent material to feel the ambient light at night and increase the viewing angle of the human eye; 2. Protect the long afterglow luminescent powder in the long afterglow luminescent material from abrasion or hydrolysis reaction. The transparent resin in the long afterglow luminescent material is not easy to be mildewed or aged and yellowed; 3. A certain compressive index and sufficient structural strength are ensured to prevent the long afterglow luminescent material from being crushed or destroyed.
  • the shape of the transparent top case (2) is designed as desired, preferably a spherical crown or a spherical crown-shaped transparent shell with a flat top.
  • the white reflective layer (3) is generally disposed under the long afterglow luminescent material (1), and mainly functions to enhance the brightness of the long afterglow, preferably a white coating, or may be directly replaced with a white encapsulant or a white support substrate.
  • the spike bracket (4) is the main structural part of the spike, which may be a single piece or a combination; the material of the spike bracket (4) may be metal or ceramic or plastic or glass; the main support, support, and accommodation , fixing, installation, protection, etc.; generally consists of support structure, light transmission window, bottom fixture and other parts.
  • the shape of the spike bracket (4) is generally a shape of a table-like body, a cuboid-like body, a cylinder-like body, a semi-spherical body, etc., and can be designed according to actual needs.
  • the spike brackets (4) are connected or fastened or sealed by a sealing material (6) or/and a fastening structure or fasteners (7), etc., and may be directly sealed together by a sealing material (6) or the like.
  • the spike bracket (4) is provided with a cavity or a hole or a groove or a transparent window for setting components or for transmitting light, wherein the cavity can be provided with support for strengthening, partitioning and fixing.
  • Retroreflective material (5)
  • the retroreflective material (5) provides a retroreflective function, which is a coating type retroreflective material or a glass bead type retroreflective material or a lattice type retroreflective layer or a microprism type retroreflective layer, etc., specifically, a reflective film, a lattice reflector , microprism reflector, reflective bead array sheet or cat eye reflective beads; generally sheet or sheet; shape can be rectangular, round, trapezoidal, etc., designed on demand.
  • a retroreflective function which is a coating type retroreflective material or a glass bead type retroreflective material or a lattice type retroreflective layer or a microprism type retroreflective layer, etc., specifically, a reflective film, a lattice reflector , microprism reflector, reflective bead array sheet or cat eye reflective beads; generally sheet or sheet; shape can be rectangular, round, trapezoidal, etc., designed on demand.
  • the retroreflective material (5) is generally disposed on the spike bracket (4) or in the cavity or hole or groove or transparent window of the spike bracket (4), and can be sealed by an adhesive, a hot melt adhesive, a structural adhesive, or an ultrasonic heat. Such materials or processes are fixed.
  • the retroreflective material (5) may be a combination of retroreflective materials of different retroreflective structures such as a reflective film, a lattice reflector, a microprism type reflector, or a reflective cat's eye, or a retroreflective material of different colors such as white, yellow or A combination of retroreflective materials such as red.
  • the spike bracket (4) may also have a structure having a retroreflective function as a part of the spike bracket (4), acting as a retroreflective material (5).
  • the encapsulating material (6) is used to encapsulate the spike lamp, and the dowel holder (4) is provided with a cavity or a hole or a groove or a transparent window of the component to be filled or partially filled; the encapsulant is generally in a liquid or molten state during packaging.
  • a gel or the like which can be cured by heating, reaction, etc.; transparent or non-transparent; wherein the transparent encapsulant has a light transmitting function, generally filled or partially filled in the cavity or hole or concave of the spike bracket (4) In the groove or transparent window, it also has the functions of fixing internal components, filling and waterproofing; the non-transparent encapsulant is generally encapsulated in the outer layer of the transparent encapsulant, mainly for contrasting, sealing, waterproofing, and combining with fixing parts or ground fixing materials. The effect can be added to the filler or pigment and also acts as a reflection.
  • the encapsulant is generally polyurethane, epoxy or silicone. It can be packaged with transparent encapsulant according to actual needs. It can also be packaged with non-transparent encapsulant or a combination of the two.
  • the liquid mixture of the long afterglow luminescent powder and the resin can function as an encapsulant, for example, a liquid mixture of a long afterglow luminescent powder and a resin can be used at the junction of the transparent top case (2) and the stud bracket (4). Filled and cured, it can function as bonding, encapsulation, fixing, structural reinforcement, and can also function as a long afterglow luminescent material (1).
  • Fastening structure or fastener (7)
  • the fastening structure or fastener (7) includes a buckle or a key pin or a matching structure or an interference fit or a screw or a screw hole, etc., functions of positioning, connecting, fixing, reinforcing, etc., to ensure the fastness of the combined component, to further Increase structural strength.
  • the long afterglow luminescent material is disposed in the cavity of the transparent top case and is protected by the upper transparent top case, thereby avoiding the problem of hydrolysis of the long afterglow luminescent powder contained in the long afterglow luminescent material due to rain and wheel wear. And the transparent resin contained in the long afterglow luminescent material is prone to mildew or aging yellowing, thereby improving the durability and illuminance of the long afterglow luminescent material;
  • the long afterglow luminescent material is arranged in the cavity of the transparent top case, and the top part is mainly stimulated by the sunlight of the daytime, and the side part is mainly beneficial to the nighttime lamp to excite the long afterglow luminescent material to supplement the light, and enlarges the person.
  • the viewing angle of the eye thereby improving the luminous effect of the long afterglow luminescent material at the top of the spike;
  • the top bulge of the body of the spike can effectively prevent the accumulation of ash in the water
  • the illuminating preform is assembled and assembled with the spike bracket, which reduces the technical requirements in the manufacturing process, is easy to control the quality, improves the consistency of the product, and greatly improves the production efficiency due to the modular production method. ;
  • reverse casting method (the reverse casting or reverse pouring described in the text refers to turning the spike shell or the transparent top shell, bottom up, top down, mixing the long afterglow luminescent material powder and the transparent resin and pouring from the bottom Or the shape of the perfusion, the meaning of the front casting or the infusion, and so on), due to the gravity sedimentation, the density of the long afterglow luminescent powder of the long afterglow luminescent material at the bottom of the casting can be controlled to be greater than the density of the long afterglow luminescent powder at the top of the casting, and
  • the bottom side of the casting having a relatively large density of the afterglow luminescent powder is disposed as a light receiving surface to further increase the afterglow illuminance, and the portion of the upwardly disposed afterglow luminescent powder having a relatively large density is relatively small due to the relatively small transparent resin.
  • the range of influence of mild resin or aging yellowing of the transparent resin further ensures the durability of long afterglow luminescence;
  • the forming structure is convenient for the long afterglow material to be directly poured or poured and solidified, or after casting and curing, and then combined with the transparent top shell through the light guiding glue or the transparent glue, the flexibility of the product manufacturing is improved. Convenience and meet different needs.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional structural view of an embodiment A of the present invention. (Because the shape of the spike is various, for the convenience of description, the most commonly used raised spike is used as an illustration)
  • Embodiment A of the present invention is a second schematic cross-sectional view of Embodiment A of the present invention.
  • Embodiment B of the present invention is a schematic cross-sectional structural view of Embodiment B of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic exploded view showing a long afterglow reflective convex spike of a quadrangular prism body according to a first embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic exploded view showing a long afterglow reflective convex spike of a quadrangular prism body according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic exploded view showing a long afterglow reflective convex spike of a quadrangular prism body according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic exploded view showing a long afterglow reflective convex spike of a quadrangular prism body according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic view showing the explosion structure of a long-afterglow reflective spike of a ball-like body according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Long afterglow reflective convex spike of a quadrangular prism body comprising a long afterglow luminescent material (110), a transparent top case (120), a white reflective layer, a spike holder (140), a retroreflective material (150), and a package Material, fastening structure or fastener (170), as shown in Figure 4.
  • the long afterglow luminescent material (110) is formed by mixing a SrAl 2 O 4 long afterglow luminescent powder with a transparent epoxy resin.
  • the transparent top case (120) is a transparent top case which is made of PC transparent resin by an injection molding process, and has a ball-like bulge in the middle and a screw hole around it.
  • the top of the spheroidal bulge is a planar structure with non-slip particles, and the interior is provided with a cavity that is open downward.
  • the white reflective layer is a white acrylic coating.
  • the spike bracket (140) is made of a yellow ABS resin by an injection molding process, and has an upwardly open cavity with a screw hole at the top and a quadrangular bracket with a trapezoidal groove on each of the opposite sides. .
  • Retroreflective material (150):
  • the retroreflective material (150) is a trapezoidal lattice reflector.
  • the encapsulating material is an epoxy encapsulant.
  • the fastening structure or fastener (170) is a screw.
  • the specific molding structure of the present invention is:
  • the transparent top case (120) is placed face down, the bottom is placed on the upper side, and then the SrAl 2 O 4 long afterglow luminescent powder is mixed with the transparent epoxy resin, and then poured into the cavity of the transparent top case (120) to be solidified.
  • the afterglow luminescent material (110) is grown and combined with the transparent top case (120) to form a member, and then a white acrylic coating is applied to the bottom of the long afterglow luminescent material (110), followed by a top of the spike holder (140).
  • a relatively thick encapsulating material is poured into the upwardly open cavity, and then the member is convexly facing upward and is fastened from top to bottom with a fastening structure or fastener (170) to the top of the spike bracket (140).
  • the groove is filled and leveled by a liquid mixture of long afterglow luminescent powder and resin, and finally the retroreflective material (150) is ultrasonically bonded from the spike bracket (140) to the spike bracket (140).
  • the two opposite side grooves are combined into a single unitary structure.
  • the pre-formed long afterglow luminescent material (110) obtained by demolding is cast and cured, and the long afterglow luminescent material (110) is inverted and used.
  • the light guiding glue or the transparent glue is adhesively fixed into the cavity of the transparent top case (120), and the bottom layer of the long afterglow luminescent material (110) is placed on the side close to the transparent top case (120), and is made into one a member, further coated with a white acrylic coating on the bottom of the long afterglow luminescent material (110), followed by casting a layer of less thick encapsulation material into the upwardly open cavity at the top of the spike holder (140), and then making the above
  • the member is convexly facing up and secured to the upwardly open cavity at the top of the spike bracket (140) from above and down by fastening structures or fasteners (170) and filled with a liquid mixture of long afterglow luminescent powder and resin Leveling, finally, the retroreflective material (150) is ultrasonically bonded obliquely from the spike bracket (140) to the two opposite side grooves of the spike bracket (140) to form a unitary structure.
  • the long afterglow reflective convex spike of the quadrangular prism body of the embodiment is generally installed in the middle or both sides of the road, and the top surface has a convex long afterglow luminescent material and a horizontal long afterglow luminescent material, which increases
  • the light-emitting area of the long-lasting luminescent material improves the afterglow illuminating effect, and the side has a reflective function; and has high structural strength, high compressive performance and impact resistance, long afterglow luminescent material and retroreflective material with good durability and service life.
  • the long and afterglow luminescence has high brightness, large viewing angle, and is easy to be excited by the lamp at night.
  • a long afterglow reflective convex spike of a quadrangular prism body comprising a long afterglow luminescent material (211) (212), a transparent top case (220), a white reflective layer, a spike holder (240), and a retroreflective material (250) ), encapsulating material, fastening structure or fastener (270), as shown in FIG.
  • the long afterglow luminescent material consists of two parts (211) (212).
  • the long afterglow luminescent material (211) SrAl 2 O 4 long afterglow luminescent powder is mixed with the transparent ABS resin and solidified.
  • the long afterglow luminescent material (212) is a rectangular rigid sheet which is formed by mixing SrAl 2 O 4 long afterglow luminescent powder and transparent ABS resin.
  • the transparent top case (220) is a transparent top case made of PC transparent resin through an injection molding process, with a ball-like bulge in the middle and a positioning hole at the bottom.
  • the top of the spheroidal bulge is a flat structure with an anti-slip texture, and the inside is provided with a cavity that is open downward.
  • the white reflective layer is a white acrylic coating.
  • the spike bracket (240) is made of red ABS resin by an injection molding process, and has an upper and lower opening, a cavity inside, a positioning key pin around the top opening, and two opposite sides respectively provided with a rectangular concave shape in the middle.
  • the trough is provided with a quadrangular prism bracket on each side with a circular hole arranged horizontally.
  • Retroreflective material (250):
  • the retroreflective material (250) is a cat's eye reflective bead.
  • the packaging material is PU encapsulant.
  • Fastening structure or fastener (270):
  • the fastening structure or fastener (270) is a positioning key pin and a locating hole.
  • the specific molding structure of the present invention is:
  • the transparent top case (220) is placed face down, the bottom is placed on the upper side, and then the SrAl 2 O 4 long afterglow luminescent powder is mixed with the transparent ABS resin, and then poured into the cavity of the transparent top case (220) to be solidified.
  • the afterglow luminescent material (211) is combined with the transparent top case (220) to form a member, and then coated with a white acrylic resin coating on the bottom of the long afterglow luminescent material (211), and then the member is convexly facing upward and tightly applied
  • the solid structure or fastener (270) is secured from the bottom up to the open cavity at the top of the spike mount (240), and then potted with the encapsulating material, and then the long afterglow luminescent material (212) is removed from the spike mount (240) ) is fixed obliquely above to the rectangular recesses of the two opposite sides of the spike bracket (240), covered with a transparent protective cover on the long afterglow luminescent material (212) and encapsulated with the encapsulant, and finally the retroreflective material (250) It is fixed from the outside of the spike bracket (240) to the circular holes of the two opposite sides of the spike bracket (240), and is encapsulated into a unitary structure by using the encapsulant.
  • the pre-formed long afterglow luminescent material (211) obtained by demolding is cast and cured, and the long afterglow luminescent material (211) is inverted and guided.
  • the glue or the transparent glue is adhesively fixed into the cavity of the transparent top case (220), and the bottom layer of the long afterglow luminescent material (211) is placed on the side close to the transparent top case (220), and is made into a member.
  • a white acrylic coating is applied to the bottom of the long afterglow luminescent material (211), and then the member is convexly facing upward, and is fastened from the bottom to the spike bracket by a fastening structure or fastener (270) ( 240) in the open cavity at the top, and potting with the encapsulating material, and then fixing the long afterglow luminescent material (212) from the spike bracket (240) obliquely upward to the rectangular recess of the opposite side of the spike bracket (240) In the slot, the long afterglow luminescent material (212) is covered with a transparent protective cover and encapsulated with an encapsulant, and finally the retroreflective material (250) is fixed from the outside of the spike bracket (240) to the spike bracket (240). Relative side circle Inside and are combined into a unitary structure with plastic encapsulated package.
  • the long afterglow reflective convex spike of the quadrangular prism body of the embodiment is generally installed in the middle or both sides of the road, the top surface has a long afterglow light emitting function, the side surface has a reflective function and a long afterglow light emitting function, and has structural strength.
  • High, pressure resistance and impact resistance, long afterglow luminescent materials and retroreflective materials have good durability, long service life, high afterglow brightness, large viewing angle, and easy to be excited by lights at night.
  • Long afterglow reflective raised bead of a quadrangular prism body comprising a long afterglow luminescent material (310), a transparent top case (320), a white reflective layer, a spike holder (340), a retroreflective material (350), a package Material, fastening structure or fastener (370), as shown in Figure 6.
  • the long afterglow luminescent material (310) is formed by mixing SrAl 2 O 4 long afterglow luminescent powder and transparent epoxy resin.
  • the transparent top case (320) is a transparent top case made of PC transparent resin through an injection molding process, with a ball-like bulge in the middle and a positioning hole around the bottom.
  • the top of the spheroidal bulge is a planar structure with non-slip particles, and the interior is provided with a cavity that is open downward.
  • the bottom plate of the top open cavity of the spike bracket (340) acts as a white reflective layer.
  • the spike bracket (340) is made of a white ABS resin by an injection molding process, and is provided with an upwardly open cavity with a positioning key on the top and a quadrangular bracket provided with a groove on each of the opposite sides.
  • the retroreflective material (350) is a 43 bead retroreflective sheeting.
  • the encapsulating material is an epoxy encapsulant.
  • the fastening structure or fastener (370) is a positioning key pin and a locating hole.
  • the specific molding structure of the present invention is:
  • the transparent top case (320) is placed face down, the bottom is placed on the upper side and the back side, and the SrAl 2 O 4 long afterglow luminescent powder is mixed with the transparent epoxy resin, and then poured into the cavity of the transparent top case (320) to be solidified.
  • the afterglow luminescent material (310) and combining it with the transparent top case (320) to form a member, and then casting a layer of not too thick encapsulation material into the upwardly open cavity at the top of the spike holder (340), and then making the above member
  • the convex surface faces upwardly, from top to bottom, into the upwardly open cavity at the top of the spike bracket (340) and is secured by a fastening structure or fastener (370), then encapsulated with a packaging material, and finally a retroreflective material (350)
  • the two opposite side grooves are combined into a unitary structure by ultrasonic heat sealing from the spike bracket (340) to the spike bracket (340).
  • the pre-formed long afterglow luminescent material (310) obtained by demolding is cast and cured, and the long afterglow luminescent material (310) is inverted and used.
  • the light-guiding glue or the transparent glue is adhesively fixed into the cavity of the transparent top case (320), and the bottom layer of the long afterglow luminescent material (310) is placed on the side close to the transparent top case (320), and is made into one
  • the member is then cast a layer of less thick encapsulating material into the upwardly open cavity at the top of the spike holder (340), and then the member is convexly facing up and from the top to the bottom with a fastening structure or fastener (370) Fixed into the upwardly open cavity at the top of the spike holder (340), then encapsulated with the encapsulating material, and finally the retroreflective material (350) is ultrasonically bonded from the spike bracket (340) to the spike bracket (340).
  • the two opposite side grooves are combined into a single unitary structure.
  • the long afterglow reflective convex spike of the quadrangular prism body of the embodiment is generally installed in the middle or both sides of the road, the top surface has a long afterglow light emitting function, the side surface has a reflective function, and has high structural strength and compression resistance. It has strong impact resistance, long afterglow luminescent materials and retroreflective materials with good durability, long service life, high afterglow brightness, large viewing angle, and easy to be excited by the lamp at night.
  • a long afterglow reflective raised bead of a quadrangular prism body comprising a long afterglow luminescent material (410), a spike housing (420) (440), a white reflective layer, a retroreflective material (450), an encapsulating material, such as Figure 7 shows.
  • the long afterglow luminescent material (410) is formed by mixing a SrAl 2 O 4 long afterglow luminescent powder with a transparent epoxy resin.
  • the spike housing is composed of a bulb-like ridge top (420) and a quadrangular base (440).
  • the PC transparent resin is molded once by an injection molding process, and has a bottom open cavity, and is in two opposite directions. The sides are respectively provided with a conjoined molded body of a trapezoidal groove.
  • the top surface of the bulb-like ridge top (420) is a planar structure with non-slip particles, and the interior is provided with a downwardly open cavity.
  • the white epoxy encapsulant acts as a white reflective layer after curing.
  • Retroreflective material (450):
  • the retroreflective material (450) is a trapezoidal microprism reflector.
  • the packaging material is a white epoxy encapsulant.
  • the specific molding structure of the present invention is:
  • the continuous molded body is placed face down, and the bottom is placed on the upper and lower sides.
  • the SrAl 2 O 4 long afterglow luminescent powder is mixed with the transparent epoxy resin, and then poured into the cavity of the bulb-like ridge top (420) to be solidified.
  • the long afterglow luminescent material (410) is formed, and then the entire cavity of the connected body is filled and solidified by a white encapsulating material, and finally the retroreflective material (450) is ultrasonically bonded to the slant from above the connected body.
  • the two opposite side grooves of the body formed body are combined into a unitary structure.
  • the pre-formed long afterglow luminescent material (410) obtained by demolding is cast and cured, and the long afterglow luminescent material (410) is inverted and used.
  • the light-guiding glue or the transparent glue is adhesively fixed into the cavity of the bulb-like ridge top (420), so that the bottom layer of the long afterglow luminescent material (410) is placed near the top of the spheroidal ridge (420).
  • the entire cavity of the continuous molded body is potted and filled with a white encapsulating material and solidified.
  • the retroreflective material (450) is ultrasonically bonded from the connected body to the upper side of the conjoined molded body. The opposite side grooves are combined into a single unitary structure.
  • the long afterglow reflective track nail of the quadrangular prism body of the embodiment is generally installed in the middle or both sides of the road, the top surface has a long afterglow light emitting function, the side surface has a reflective function, and has high structural strength, compression resistance and resistance. Strong impact performance, long afterglow luminescent materials and retroreflective materials have good durability, long service life, high afterglow brightness, large viewing angle, and easy to be excited by the lamp at night.
  • a long afterglow reflective convex spike of a ball-like body comprising a long afterglow luminescent material (510), a spike housing (520) (540), a white reflective layer, a retroreflective material (550), and a packaging material, as shown in the figure 8 is shown.
  • the long afterglow luminescent material (510) is formed by mixing SrAl2O4 long afterglow luminescent powder and transparent epoxy resin.
  • the spike shell is composed of a bulb-like ridge top (520) and a bulb-like bottom (540).
  • the PC transparent resin is molded once by an injection molding process, and has a bottom open cavity, and is in two opposite The side portions are respectively provided with three joint-shaped molded bodies of horizontally disposed circular light-transmissive holes.
  • the top surface of the bulb-like ridge top (520) has a planar structure with a downwardly open cavity.
  • the white epoxy encapsulant acts as a white reflective layer after curing.
  • the retroreflective material (550) is a cat's eye reflective bead.
  • the packaging material is a white epoxy encapsulant.
  • the specific molding structure of the present invention is:
  • the continuous molded body is placed face down, and the bottom is placed on the upper and lower sides.
  • the SrAl 2 O 4 long afterglow luminescent powder is mixed with the transparent epoxy resin, and then poured into the cavity of the bulb-like ridge top (520) to be solidified.
  • a long afterglow luminescent material (510) is formed, which is then potted with a white encapsulating material, filled into the entire cavity of the joined body, and then the mounting leg is inserted into the white encapsulant when the white encapsulant is uncured, to be white encapsulated After the material is cured, it is integrated into one body.
  • the retroreflective material (550) is embedded from the outer side of the spike holder (540) into the light-transmitting holes of the two opposite side portions of the spike holder (540), and is packaged by the packaging material. Become a whole structure.
  • the pre-formed long afterglow luminescent material (510) obtained by demolding is cast and cured, and the long afterglow luminescent material (510) is inverted and used.
  • the light-guiding glue or the transparent glue is adhesively fixed into the cavity of the bulb-like ridge top (520), so that the bottom layer of the long afterglow luminescent material (510) is placed near the top of the spheroidal ridge (520).
  • the side is filled with a white encapsulating material and filled into the entire cavity of the continuous molded body.
  • the mounting leg is inserted into the white encapsulating material, and the white encapsulating material is cured and integrated into one body.
  • the retroreflective material (550) is embedded from the outside of the spike holder (540) into the light-transmissive holes of the two opposite side portions of the spike holder (540), and is encapsulated by the encapsulating material to form a unitary structure.
  • the long afterglow reflective spike of the ball-like body of the embodiment is generally installed in the middle or both sides of the road, the top surface has a long afterglow function, the side has a reflective function, and has high structural strength, compression resistance and impact resistance.
  • High performance, long afterglow luminescent materials and retroreflective materials have good durability, long service life, high afterglow brightness, large viewing angle, and easy to be excited by the lamp at night.

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Abstract

长余辉反光道钉，包括长余辉发光材料层(1)、透明顶壳(2)、白色反射层(3)、道钉支架(4)、逆反射材料(5)、封装材料(6)或/和紧固结构或紧固件(7)，透明顶壳(2)为设在道钉支架(4)顶部的、带有空腔的隆起，所述空腔内设有长余辉发光材料层(1)，长余辉发光材料层(1)下方设有白色反射层(3)，长余辉发光材料层(1)、透明顶壳(2)、白色反射层(3)、道钉支架(4)、逆反射材料(5)通过封装材料(6)或/和紧固结构或紧固件(7)结合成一体。

Description

一种长余辉反光道钉 技术领域
本发明涉及交通安防器材领域，具体涉及一种长余辉反光道钉。
 背景技术
道钉又叫突起路标，一般设置在道路的两侧或中间，通过反射来往车辆的灯光或自身主动发光，以形成点状连续的反光或发光指示带，来为车辆提供诱导和指示的功能。
传统道钉多为纯反光道钉，由于这种道钉无法摆脱对车辆灯光的依赖，且仅能对机动车驾驶员起到诱导和指示作用，因此，无法满足道路上行人和非机动车驾驶员的安全需求。随着社会进步和交通事业的发展，各种城市道路和新型道路如公园绿道、自行车道等不断增多，迫切需要一种适用于各种道路特别是人车混行的新型道路的道钉。有人因此提出了一种长余辉道钉（即夜光道钉），结合逆反射材料和长余辉发光材料，从而既能保留原有的反光功能，又能通过余辉发光给无照明设施的出行者提供发光诱导功能。
中国专利申请号CN 205529968 U公开了一种长余辉道钉，其制作工艺采用正面浇注或灌注、或、反面浇注或灌注等方式将长余辉发光材料（夜光材料）浇注或灌注到道钉支架顶面或底面或各个侧面的孔洞或凹槽或透明窗口内固化成型。该成型结构具体是将长余辉发光粉和透明树脂混合成液态或熔融态，浇注或灌注并固化成型，故长余辉发光材料和道钉支架的结合牢度高，耐受车轮碾压，不易开裂和脱落，并且容易制成具有足够厚度的长余辉发光材料，以满足长余辉高亮度的要求。该工艺能制作出高亮度的长余辉发光道钉并形成该工艺特有的成型结构。这种成型结构对比传统喷涂涂层成型结构和注塑成型结构，具有余辉亮度高、整体牢度好等明显优点，能满足道路使用条件，并具有节能发光效果，很快得到了交通部门的认可和生产厂家的认同，成为目前公路长余辉道钉的主流成型结构：现在符合国家标准并得到国家推广应用的长余辉道钉绝大多数是按该成型结构制造的，并在景区公路或农村公路或公园绿道等场所得到了越来越多的应用。
特别是正面浇注的成型结构的长余辉反光道钉是应用最广泛的，在现有道路安装的长余辉反光道钉几乎都是此类结构。
但上述专利的成型结构的长余辉反光道钉在生产制造过程和实际应用过程中被发现存在一些不足之处，主要如下所述；
1、上述专利中提到的采用顶面（正面）浇注或灌注而成的成型结构，由于流体的流平过程，只能制成平顶结构而难以制成顶部隆起的结构，故现有长余辉道钉的顶面大都为平面，其在道路行进方向的发光角度小，严重影响了道钉的发光效果；且设在顶部的长余辉发光材料在夜晚难以通过车灯感光起到补光的作用；而且长余辉发光材料的顶部由于只能做成平面结构，容易长期积水并导致长余辉发光粉发生水解，进而影响甚至丧失长余辉发光功能，影响了长余辉道钉的正常使用，并缩短了使用寿命。
2、上述专利中提到的采用顶面（正面）浇注或灌注而成的成型结构，长余辉发光材料中所含有的透明树脂由于直接裸露在道钉表面，因此透明树脂容易发生霉变或老化黄变而影响透明树脂的透光度，进而影响长余辉发光材料的发光亮度。
3、为满足不能功能的道路需求，例如：道钉支架有时需要采用铸铝材质以提高道钉分结构强度，或有时需要采用不同颜色的塑料材质制作道钉支架，以满足不同地区的规范要求或不同路段的需求：如道钉支架采用黄色或红色的塑料材质以起到示警的作用。而上述材质为非透明材质，与长余辉发光材料结合在工艺上有局限性。
4、上述专利中提到的采用底面（反面）浇注或灌注而成的成型结构，在浇注或灌注过程中由于浇注或灌注位置有时需要经常变换，容易造成因长余辉发光材料在各处的厚度不均匀而导致的长余辉发光亮度不均匀、产品的一致性差等问题，提高了质量控制的难度；且在壳体多处设置长余辉发光材料时，工序流程长，难以提高生产效率。
5、上述专利中提到的采用底面（反面）浇注或灌注而成的成型结构，若其顶部采用了隆起结构，由于上大下小，重心不稳，故其在浇注或灌注过程中难以保持道钉壳体的稳定，进而影响了生产效率和产品质量；或者为了保持道钉壳体的稳定，则必须在制造过程中设置支架来防止道钉壳体倾覆，从而增加了制造成本。
6、在生产中，由于有些长余辉发光粉与树脂混合成型过程需要加温固化，而道钉支架材料的耐温性能与长余辉发光材料的固化温度不同，有时为了确保道钉支架材料的耐温性能，使得长余辉发光粉与树脂的固化温度不够，影响长余辉发光材料的性能，有时为了确保影响长余辉发光材料的性能，长余辉发光粉与树脂的固化温度超过了道钉支架材料的耐温性能，把壳体熔融，所以必须要把长余辉发光材料与道钉支架做成分体成型结构。
7、由于上述专利没有细诉逆反射材料的具体结构，虽然逆反射材料的技术已经相当成熟，但是如何确保逆反射材料和长余辉发光材料两者的最佳结构匹配和最佳功能结合互补仍是一个关键点。因为在交通部门的实际使用过程中发现部分长余辉道钉上的逆反射材料和长余辉发光材料设置极不合理，需要进一步优化。
综上所述，长余辉反光道钉既要满足交通设计规范（如保证反光性能、发光最低亮度、尺寸大小等限制），又要考虑行业制造技术水平所限，也要综合考虑实用性和经济性，在有限的道钉壳体空间内，安装诸多元器件。如何在上述条件制约下，保证道钉本体的结构强度，以满足抗压性能和抗冲击性能的要求，同时保证长余辉发光材料和逆反射材料的耐久性，从而保证道钉的使用寿命，以及降低生产的成本，提高生产的效率和产品质量的稳定性，并进一步提长余辉的发光亮度，是弥补上述专利的不足之处和避免现有长余辉反光道钉成型结构的缺点，以进一步提高长余辉反光道钉性能的关键所在。
 技术问题
由于道钉有诸多前置设计条件的制约，因而设计难度相对普通发光产品有了几何级别的提高，有些看似可行的技术方案在其他发光产品上非常有效，但用在道钉上却由于许多因素的制约而无法实现。为了解决上述问题，我们提出了一种长余辉亮度高、发光视角大、特别是易于夜晚车灯激发、反光效果好、产品耐久性好、抗压性能和抗冲击性能高的长寿命的新的成型结构制作而成的长余辉反光道钉。
 技术解决方案
本发明通过先将长余辉发光材料设在向上隆起的透明顶壳的空腔内制成一个构件，再将所述的构件从道钉支架的上方由上到下或从道钉支架的底部开口由下到上通过封装材料或/和紧固结构或紧固件固定到道钉支架的顶部；或将长余辉发光材料浇注或灌注在道钉本体顶部隆起的空腔内，并通过封装材料封装，或将长余辉发光材料先通过浇注并固化脱模制成预成型件，再将所述的预成型件通过导光胶或透明胶固定到道钉本体顶部隆起的空腔内，并通过封装材料封装；从而形成顶部隆起的透明壳内设有长余辉发光材料、侧部设有逆反射材料的道钉本体。该成型结构可以达到如下的目的：
a、长余辉发光材料设在透明顶壳的空腔内，受到上方透明顶壳的保护，避免了长余辉发光材料中所含有的长余辉发光粉因雨水和车轮磨损等而导致水解的问题，以及长余辉发光材料中所含有的透明树脂容易发生霉变或老化黄变的问题，从而提高了长余辉发光材料的耐久性和发光亮度；
b、长余辉发光材料设在透明顶壳的空腔内，顶部主要利于受白天的太阳光激发，侧部主要利于夜晚车灯激发长余辉发光材料起到补光的作用，并增大了人眼的可视角度，从而提高了道钉顶部长余辉发光材料的发光效果；
c、道钉本体的顶部隆起可以有效防止积水积灰的现象；
d、通过将长余辉发光材料浇注或灌注在透明顶壳的空腔内并固化,或将长余辉发光材料浇注并固化脱模后，然后用导光胶或透明胶与透明顶壳粘合固定，制成发光预成型件，再与道钉支架进行组装，降低了制造过程中的技术要求，易于控制质量，提高产品的一致性，并由于采用了模块化的生产方式，大大提高了生产效率；
e、反面浇注方式（文中所述的反面浇注或反面灌注是指把道钉壳体或透明顶壳翻转，底朝上，顶朝下，把长余辉发光材料粉和透明树脂混合后从底部浇注或灌注，正面浇注或灌注的含义依次类推）的成型结构，由于重力沉降作用，可以控制长余辉发光材料在浇注底部的长余辉发光粉的密度大于在浇注顶部的长余辉发光粉的密度，并在安装过程中将余辉发光粉密度相对大的浇注底部一侧向上设置作为受光面，进一步提高余辉发光亮度，而且向上设置的余辉发光粉密度相对大的那部分由于透明树脂相对较少，因此降低了透明树脂霉变或老化黄变的影响范围，进一步保证长余辉发光的耐久性；
f、在保证道钉抗压和抗冲击性能的前提下，可以根据实际需要更方便地选择各种材料的道钉支架，如铝制道钉支架，或有色材料的道钉支架，并满足国家规范对道钉支架色品坐标的规定。
g、采用该成型结构便于长余辉材料可以直接浇注或灌注并固化成型，或，浇注并固化脱模后，再通过导光胶或透明胶与透明顶壳结合，提高了产品制作的灵活性和便捷度，并满足不同需求。
本发明的技术方案A是：如图1、2所示，一种长余辉反光道钉，包括长余辉发光材料（1）、透明顶壳（2）、白色反射层（3）、道钉支架（4）、逆反射材料（5）、封装材料（6）、紧固结构或紧固件（7）；所述的透明顶壳（2）的顶面向上隆起、底面向内凹陷形成空腔，所述的空腔内设有底部带有白色反射层（3）的长余辉发光材料（1）、且长余辉发光材料（1）与透明顶壳（2）结合成一个构件；道钉支架（4）的顶部设有向上开口的空腔或/和孔洞或/和凹槽，上述构件由上向下嵌入道钉支架（4）顶部的向上开口空腔内并通过封装材料（6）、或、封装材料（6）和紧固结构或/和紧固件（7）固定，并与道钉支架（4）结合形成带有长余辉发光材料（1）的顶部隆起的整体结构；或者道钉支架（4）的顶部设有向下开口的空腔或/和孔洞或/和凹槽，上述构件由下向上嵌入道钉支架（4）顶部的向下开口空腔或/和孔洞或/和凹槽内并通过封装材料（6）、或、封装材料（6）和紧固结构或/和紧固件（7）固定，并与道钉支架（4）结合形成带有长余辉发光材料（1）的顶部隆起的整体结构；并且道钉支架（4）的侧面设有孔洞或凹槽或透明窗口，所述的孔洞或凹槽或透明窗口内设有逆反射材料（5）。
特别的，超声波焊接成型和二次注塑成型等技术被视为等同技术。因为超声波焊接时焊接物体受热融化，自然有封装材料的功能，冷却后自然形成紧固结构，而二次注塑，则把一个透明顶壳放入道钉支架内成型时是呈熔融态的，类似灌注或浇注的过程，因此可以认为这两种成型结构是等同本技术方案的成型结构。
长余辉发光材料（1）可以直接反面浇注到透明顶壳（2）的空腔内固化，并与透明顶壳（2）结合成一个构件，也可以先浇注并固化脱模制成预成型件，再用导光胶或透明胶粘合固定到透明顶壳（2）的空腔内制成一个构件。
道钉支架（4）的顶部设有向上开口的空腔时，将所述的构件从道钉支架（4）的上方由上向下通过封装材料（6）如封装胶等，或/和紧固结构或紧固件（7）如螺丝、螺孔、凹凸结构、契合机构等固定在道钉支架（4）顶部的向上开口空腔内。
道钉支架（4）的顶部设有向下开口的空腔时，将所述的构件从道钉支架（4）的下方由下向上通过封装材料（6）如封装胶等，或/和紧固结构或紧固件（7）如螺丝、螺孔、凹凸结构、契合机构等固定在道钉支架（4）顶部的向上开口空腔内，最后用封装胶封装。
特别的，长余辉发光材料通过反向浇注到成型模具固化成型并脱模后：把成型的向上隆起的长余辉发光材料用封装材料（6）或紧固结构或/和紧固件（7）固定在支架顶部的开口空腔内，或者，把成型的向上隆起的长余辉发光材料用封装材料（6）或紧固结构或/和紧固件（7）固定在支架顶部的开口空腔内，并在向上隆起的长余辉发光材料的上表面覆盖或喷涂透明树脂保护层也被视为等同技术。
又特别的，长余辉发光粉与树脂的液态混合物可以充当封装胶的作用，例如：在透明顶壳（2）周围和道钉支架（4）的连接部位可以用长余辉发光粉与树脂的液态混合物填充并固化，既可以起到粘接、封装、固定、结构加强的作用，还可以充当长余辉发光材料（1）的功能，增大了长余辉发光材料（1）的发光面积，起到更好的发光效果。
本发明的技术方案B是：如图3所示，一种长余辉反光道钉，包括长余辉发光材料（1）、透明顶壳（2）、白色反射层（3）、道钉支架（4）、逆反射材料（5）、封装材料（6）；所述的透明顶壳（2）与道钉支架（4）为连体成型体，所述连体成型体的顶面向上隆起、底面向内凹陷形成空腔，所述的空腔内设有长余辉发光材料（1）；长余辉发光材料（1）的下方设有白色反射层（3），白色反射层（3）的下方设有封装材料（6），道钉支架（4）的侧面设有孔洞或凹槽或透明窗口，道钉支架（4）侧面的孔洞或凹槽或透明窗口内设有逆反射材料（5）。
连体成型体一般采用透明塑料一次注塑或模压成型，也可以分次注塑成型，还可以用超声波热合。
长余辉发光材料（1）可以直接反面浇注或灌注到透明顶壳（2）的空腔内固化成型，最后用封装胶封装，也可以先浇注并固化脱模制成预成型件，再用导光胶或透明胶粘合固定到透明顶壳（2）的空腔内，最后用封装胶封装。
进一步，道钉支架（4）的开口空腔内或开口空腔的周围设有凹凸结构或契合结构（如卯榫结构等）或过盈配合结构，或/和，透明顶壳（2）上设有凹凸结构或契合结构或过盈配合结构，以提高道钉的结构强度。
进一步，长余辉发光材料（1）为长余辉发光粉与透明树脂混合成液态或熔融态，浇注后固化成型的、浇注底层长余辉发光粉的密度大于浇注顶层长余辉发光粉的密度的长余辉发光材料，并且长余辉发光材料（1）与透明顶壳（2）结合时，长余辉发光粉密度相对大的浇注底层设在接近透明顶壳（2）的一侧，作为主要受光面，进一步提高了长余辉的发光亮度。
进一步，透明顶壳（2）的顶部设有防滑结构，包括防滑纹路、防滑凸点等，以提供防滑功能。
进一步，透明顶壳（2）的顶部为倒放后不易倾覆的结构，确保在倒放后透明顶壳（2）的稳定性，便于反面浇注或灌注长余辉发光材料和封装材，而不必在浇注过程额外使用支架固定。优选透明顶壳（2）的顶部局部为平面。
进一步，透明顶壳（2）的空腔或/和孔洞或/和凹槽内设有分隔体或加强筋，或道钉支架的空腔或/和孔洞或/和凹槽内设有分隔体或加强筋。以提高道钉的结构强度，并自然起到分区的作用。
进一步，道钉支架（4）侧面的孔洞或凹槽或透明窗口内还设有长余辉发光材料（1）从而在道钉侧面提供余辉发光的功能；长余辉发光材料（1）的上方设有透明保护壳，起透光和保护的作用，并通过封装胶封装。
进一步，道钉支架（4）的底面设有安装脚。安装脚可以埋入路面，起固定安装的作用。
进一步，道钉支架（4）的侧面设有两个相对的、与道钉底面或路面成一定倾角的平面，平面上设有孔洞或凹槽或透明窗口，所述的孔洞或凹槽或透明窗口内设有晶格型逆反射材料层或微棱镜型逆反射材料层或反光珠阵列片或猫眼反光珠。
进一步，由于道钉本体的顶部主要设置长余辉发光材料并向上隆起，而道钉本体的侧面主要设置逆反射材料，从而能够保证长余辉发光材料和逆反射材料耐久性和结构强度，同时又能保证长余辉发光材料有足够的发光面积和足够的发光视角和足够的发光亮度，及，逆反射材料有足够的反光面积和反光效果。
进一步，道钉侧面的孔洞或凹槽或透明窗口内由内往外安装有逆反射材料（5）或/和长余辉发光材料（1）通过防脱落卡槽或契合结构或过盈配合固定，或/和，通过封装材料（6）封装，以提高道钉侧面逆反射材料（5）或/和长余辉发光材料（1）的结构强度，使不易损坏或脱落，从而提高道钉的使用寿命。
长余辉发光材料（1）：
长余辉发光材料（1）属于一种蓄能发光材料，一般是指长余辉发光粉或长余辉发光粉与透明介质的混合物或混合加工物。
其中，加工物是指发光粉和透明介质混合后，经过加热固化或反应固化或经过注塑，挤出等工艺的成型物。长余辉发光粉优先选择发光性能好的掺稀土的碱土铝酸盐类或硅酸盐类，如发蓝绿光的Sr 4 Al 14 O 25 或黄绿光的SrAl 2 O 4， 或两者按一定比例混合。透明介质为透光性能好的塑料树脂、橡胶或者玻璃等介质。
长余辉发光材料（1）可以预先成型，通过导光胶或透明胶固定在透明顶壳（2）的空腔内；也可以将长余辉发光材料与透明封装胶混合后直接反面浇注或灌注在透明顶壳（2）的空腔内固化成型。
长余辉发光材料（1）上或上方设有透明顶壳（2）或透明保护壳，起透光、保护等作用。
透明顶壳（2）：
透明顶壳（2）为透明材质如透明塑料或透明树脂或透明玻璃等制成的顶部向上隆起、并在底部设有向下开口空腔的透明顶壳，主要起透光、保护、抗压的作用，具体的作用包括：1、便于长余辉发光材料在夜间感受环境光，并增大人眼的可视角度；2、保护长余辉发光材料中的长余辉发光粉不受磨损或发生水解反应，长余辉发光材料中的透明树脂不易霉变或老化黄变；3、保证一定的抗压指数和足够的结构强度，防止长余辉发光材料被碾碎或破坏。
透明顶壳（2）的形状按需设计，优选顶部带有平面的球冠形或类球冠形透明壳。
特别的，也可以在长余辉发光材料（1）脱膜后再覆盖或喷涂一层透明树脂保护层充当透明顶壳（2）的作用。
白色反射层（3）：
白色反射层（3）一般设在长余辉发光材料（1）的下方，主要起增强长余辉发光亮度的作用，优选白色涂层，也可以直接用白色封装胶或白色支架底板替代。
道钉支架（4）：
道钉支架（4）是道钉的主体结构部分，可以是单件，也可以是组合件；道钉支架（4）材料可以是金属或陶瓷或塑料或玻璃等；主要起支承、支撑、容纳、固定、安装、保护等作用；一般由支承结构、透光窗，底部固定件等几部分构成。
道钉支架（4）的外形一般为类台形体、类长方体、类圆柱体、类半球形体等形状，可以根据实际需要设计。
道钉支架（4）之间通过封装材料（6）或/和紧固结构或紧固件（7）等连接或紧固或密封，也可以直接用封装材料（6）等密封成一个整体。
道钉支架（4）设有空腔或孔洞或凹槽或透明窗口，用来设置元器件或起透光作用，其中空腔内可以设有支撑，起加强、分区、固定作用。
逆反射材料（5）：
逆反射材料（5）提供逆反射功能，为镀膜型逆反射材料或玻璃珠型逆反射材料或晶格型逆反射层或微棱镜型逆反射层等，具体可以是反光膜、晶格反光板、微棱镜反光板、反光珠阵列片或者猫眼反光珠等；一般为片材或板材；形状可以是长方形、圆形、梯形等，按需设计。
逆反射材料（5）一般设置在道钉支架（4）上或道钉支架（4）的空腔或孔洞或凹槽或透明窗口内，可以通过封装胶、热熔胶、结构胶、超声波热合等材料或工艺固定。
逆反射材料（5）可以选用不同逆反射结构的逆反射材料如反光膜、晶格反光板、微棱镜型反光板、或者反光猫眼等的组合，或不同颜色的逆反射材料如白色、黄色或红色等的逆反射材料的组合。
有时，道钉支架（4）上也可以带有具有逆反射功能的结构，作为道钉支架（4）的一部分，充当逆反射材料（5）的作用。
封装材料（6）：
封装材料（6）用来封装道钉灯，把道钉支架（4）设置了元器件的空腔或孔洞或凹槽或透明窗口填充或部分填充；封装胶一般在封装时呈液态或熔融态或胶状物等，可以经过加热、反应等固化成型；有透明或非透明的；其中透明封装胶具有透光功能，一般填充或部分填充在道钉支架（4）的空腔或孔洞或凹槽或透明窗口内，还具有固定内部组件、填充、防水等作用；非透明封装胶一般封装在透明封装胶的外层，主要起到反衬、密封、防水、与固定件或地面固定材料结合的作用，可以加入填充物或颜料，还起到反射作用。封装胶一般为聚氨酯类、环氧类、硅胶类等，按实际需要可以全部用透明封装胶封装，也可以全部用非透明封装胶封装，也可以两者结合使用。
特别的，长余辉发光粉与树脂的液态混合物可以充当封装胶的作用，例如：在透明顶壳（2）周围和道钉支架（4）的连接部位可以用长余辉发光粉与树脂的液态混合物填充并固化，既可以起到粘接、封装、固定、结构加强的作用，还可以充当长余辉发光材料（1）的功能。
紧固结构或紧固件（7）：
紧固结构或紧固件（7）包括卡扣或键销或契合结构或过盈配合或螺丝或螺孔等，起定位、连接、固定、加固等作用，保证结合部件的牢度，以进一步增加结构强度。
 有益效果
本发明的主要优点在于：
a、长余辉发光材料设在透明顶壳的空腔内，受到上方透明顶壳的保护，避免了长余辉发光材料中所含有的长余辉发光粉因雨水和车轮磨损等而导致水解的问题，以及长余辉发光材料中所含有的透明树脂容易发生霉变或老化黄变的问题，从而提高了长余辉发光材料的耐久性和发光亮度；
b、长余辉发光材料设在透明顶壳的空腔内，顶部主要利于受白天的太阳光激发，侧部主要利于夜晚车灯激发长余辉发光材料起到补光的作用，并增大了人眼的可视角度，从而提高了道钉顶部长余辉发光材料的发光效果；
c、道钉本体的顶部隆起可以有效防止积水积灰的现象；
d、通过将长余辉发光材料浇注或灌注在透明顶壳的空腔内并固化,或将长余辉发光材料浇注并固化脱模后，然后用导光胶或透明胶与透明顶壳粘合固定，制成发光预成型件，再与道钉支架进行组装，降低了制造过程中的技术要求，易于控制质量，提高产品的一致性，并由于采用了模块化的生产方式，大大提高了生产效率；
e、反面浇注方式（文中所述的反面浇注或反面灌注是指把道钉壳体或透明顶壳翻转，底朝上，顶朝下，把长余辉发光材料粉和透明树脂混合后从底部浇注或灌注，正面浇注或灌注的含义依次类推）的成型结构，由于重力沉降作用，可以控制长余辉发光材料在浇注底部的长余辉发光粉的密度大于在浇注顶部的长余辉发光粉的密度，并在安装过程中将余辉发光粉密度相对大的浇注底部一侧向上设置作为受光面，进一步提高余辉发光亮度，而且向上设置的余辉发光粉密度相对大的那部分由于透明树脂相对较少，因此降低了透明树脂霉变或老化黄变的影响范围，进一步保证长余辉发光的耐久性；
f、在保证道钉抗压和抗冲击性能的前提下，可以根据实际需要更方便地选择各种材料的道钉支架，如铝制道钉支架，或有色材料的道钉支架，并满足国家规范对道钉支架色品坐标的规定。
g、采用该成型结构便于长余辉材料可以直接浇注或灌注并固化成型，或，浇注并固化脱模后，再通过导光胶或透明胶与透明顶壳结合，提高了产品制作的灵活性和便捷度，并满足不同需求。
 附图说明
图1为本发明实施方案A的剖面结构示意图之一； （由于道钉的形状多种多样，为说明方便，以最常用的凸起式道钉作为示意）
图2为本发明实施方案A的剖面结构示意图之二；
图3为本发明实施方案B的一种剖面结构示意图；
图4为本发明的实施例一的一种类四棱台体的长余辉反光凸起道钉的爆炸结构示意图；
图5为本发明的实施例二的一种类四棱台体的长余辉反光凸起道钉的爆炸结构示意图；
图6为本发明的实施例三的一种类四棱台体的长余辉反光凸起道钉的爆炸结构示意图；
图7为本发明的实施例四的一种类四棱台体的长余辉反光凸起道钉的爆炸结构示意图；
图8为本发明的实施例五的一种类球缺体的长余辉反光道钉的爆炸结构示意图。
 本发明的最佳实施方式
结合附图描述本发明的实施例。
实施例一
一种类四棱台体的长余辉反光凸起道钉，包括长余辉发光材料（110）、透明顶壳（120）、白色反射层、道钉支架（140）、逆反射材料（150）、封装材料、紧固结构或紧固件（170），如图4所示。
长余辉发光材料（110）：
长余辉发光材料（110）由SrAl 2 O 4 长余辉发光粉与透明环氧树脂混合后固化成型。
透明顶壳（120）：
透明顶壳（120）为PC透明树脂通过注塑工艺制成的、中间设有类球缺状隆起、四周设有螺孔的透明顶壳。所述的类球缺状隆起的顶部为带有防滑颗粒的平面结构，内部设有向下开口的空腔。
白色反射层：
白色反射层为白色丙烯酸类树脂涂层。
道钉支架（140）：
道钉支架（140）为黄色ABS树脂通过注塑工艺制成的、顶部设有四周带有螺孔的向上开口空腔、两个相对的侧面分别设有一个类梯形凹槽的类四棱台支架。
逆反射材料（150）：
逆反射材料（150）为类梯形晶格反光板。
封装材料：
封装材料为环氧封装胶。
紧固结构或紧固件（170）：
紧固结构或紧固件（170）为螺丝。
本发明的具体成型结构为：
先把透明顶壳（120）顶朝下，底朝上反面放置，再将SrAl 2 O 4 长余辉发光粉与透明环氧树脂混合后，浇注到透明顶壳（120）的空腔内固化制成长余辉发光材料（110），并与透明顶壳（120）结合成一个构件，再在长余辉发光材料（110）的底部涂覆白色丙烯酸类树脂涂层，接着在道钉支架（140）顶部的向上开口空腔内浇注一层不太厚的封装材料，然后使上述构件凸面朝上并用紧固结构或紧固件（170）从上向下固定到道钉支架（140）顶部的向上开口空腔内，并用长余辉发光粉和树脂的液态混合物填充凹槽并流平，最后将逆反射材料（150）从道钉支架（140）斜上方用超声波热合到道钉支架（140）所述两个相对侧面的凹槽里结合成一个整体结构。
或者，先将SrAl 2 O 4 长余辉发光粉与透明环氧树脂混合后，浇注并固化脱模制成的预成型的长余辉发光材料（110），再将长余辉发光材料（110）倒置并用导光胶或透明胶粘合固定到透明顶壳（120）的空腔内，使长余辉发光材料（110）浇筑时的底层设在靠近透明顶壳（120）的一侧，并制成一个构件，再在长余辉发光材料（110）的底部涂覆白色丙烯酸类树脂涂层，接着在道钉支架（140）顶部的向上开口空腔内浇注一层不太厚的封装材料，然后使上述构件凸面朝上并用紧固结构或紧固件（170）从上向下固定到道钉支架（140）顶部的向上开口空腔内，并用长余辉发光粉和树脂的液态混合物填充凹槽并流平，最后将逆反射材料（150）从道钉支架（140）斜上方用超声波热合到道钉支架（140）所述两个相对侧面的凹槽里结合成一个整体结构。
本实施例的一种类四棱台体的长余辉反光凸起道钉，一般安装在道路的中间或两边，顶面具有一个凸起的长余辉发光材料和一个水平的长余辉发光材料，增大了长余辉发光材料的发光面积，提高了余辉发光效果，侧面具有反光功能；并具有结构强度高、抗压性能和抗冲击性能强、长余辉发光材料和逆反射材料的耐久性好、使用寿命长及余辉发光亮度高、视角大、易于夜晚受车灯激发等优点。
实施例二
一种类四棱台体的长余辉反光凸起道钉，包括长余辉发光材料（211）（212）、透明顶壳（220）、白色反射层、道钉支架（240）、逆反射材料（250）、封装材料、紧固结构或紧固件（270），如图5所示。
长余辉发光材料（211）（212）：
长余辉发光材料由（211）（212）两部分组成。
其中，长余辉发光材料（211）SrAl 2 O 4 长余辉发光粉与透明ABS树脂混合后固化成。
长余辉发光材料（212）为SrAl 2 O 4 长余辉发光粉与透明ABS树脂混合后固化成型的长方形刚性片材。
透明顶壳（220）：
透明顶壳（220）为PC透明树脂通过注塑工艺制成的、中间设有类球缺状隆起、底部设有定位孔的透明顶壳。所述的类球缺状隆起的顶部为带有防滑纹路的平面结构，内部设有向下开口的空腔。
白色反射层：
白色反射层为白色丙烯酸类树脂涂层。
道钉支架（240）：
道钉支架（240）为红色ABS树脂通过注塑工艺制成的、上下设有开口、内部设有空腔、顶部开口四周设有定位键销、两个相对的侧面分别在中间设有一个长方形凹槽、在两边各设有一个水平方向设置的圆形孔洞的类四棱台支架。
逆反射材料（250）：
逆反射材料（250）为猫眼反光珠。
封装材料：
封装材料为PU封装胶。
紧固结构或紧固件（270）：
紧固结构或紧固件（270）为定位键销和定位孔。
本发明的具体成型结构为：
先把透明顶壳（220）顶朝下，底朝上反面放置，再将SrAl 2 O 4 长余辉发光粉与透明ABS树脂混合后，浇注到透明顶壳（220）的空腔内固化制成长余辉发光材料（211），并与透明顶壳（220）结合成一个构件，再在长余辉发光材料（211）的底部涂覆白色丙烯酸类树脂涂层，接着使上述构件凸面朝上并用紧固结构或紧固件（270）从下向上固定到道钉支架（240）顶部的开口空腔内，再接着用封装材料灌封，然后将长余辉发光材料（212）从道钉支架（240）斜上方固定到道钉支架（240）所述两个相对侧面的长方形凹槽里，在长余辉发光材料（212）盖上透明保护面壳并用封装胶封装，最后将逆反射材料（250）从道钉支架（240）外侧固定到道钉支架（240）所述两个相对侧面的圆形孔洞内，并用封装胶封装成一个整体结构。
或者，先将SrAl 2 O 4 长余辉发光粉与透明ABS树脂混合后，浇注并固化脱模制成的预成型的长余辉发光材料（211），再将长余辉发光材料（211）倒置并用导光胶或透明胶粘合固定到透明顶壳（220）的空腔内，使长余辉发光材料（211）浇筑时的底层设在靠近透明顶壳（220）的一侧，并制成一个构件，再在长余辉发光材料（211）的底部涂覆白色丙烯酸类树脂涂层，接着使上述构件凸面朝上，用紧固结构或紧固件（270）从下向上固定到道钉支架（240）顶部的开口空腔内，并用封装材料灌封，然后将长余辉发光材料（212）从道钉支架（240）斜上方固定到道钉支架（240）所述两个相对侧面的长方形凹槽里，在长余辉发光材料（212）盖上透明保护面壳并用封装胶封装，最后将逆反射材料（250）从道钉支架（240）外侧固定到道钉支架（240）所述两个相对侧面的圆形孔洞内，并用封装胶封装结合成一个整体结构。
本实施例的一种类四棱台体的长余辉反光凸起道钉，一般安装在道路的中间或两边，顶面具有长余辉发光功能，侧面具有反光功能和长余辉发光功能，并具有结构强度高、抗压性能和抗冲击性能强、长余辉发光材料和逆反射材料的耐久性好、使用寿命长及余辉发光亮度高、视角大、易于夜晚受车灯激发等优点。
实施例三
一种类四棱台体的长余辉反光凸起道钉，包括长余辉发光材料（310）、透明顶壳（320）、白色反射层、道钉支架（340）、逆反射材料（350）、封装材料、紧固结构或紧固件（370），如图6所示。
长余辉发光材料（310）：
长余辉发光材料（310）由SrAl 2 O 4 长余辉发光粉与透明环氧树脂混合后固化成型。
透明顶壳（320）：
透明顶壳（320）为PC透明树脂通过注塑工艺制成的、中间设有类球缺状隆起、底部四周设有定位孔的透明顶壳。所述的类球缺状隆起的顶部为带有防滑颗粒的平面结构，内部设有向下开口的空腔。
白色反射层：
道钉支架（340）顶部开口空腔的底板充当白色反射层的作用。
道钉支架（340）：
道钉支架（340）为白色ABS树脂通过注塑工艺制成的、顶部设有四周带有定位键销的向上开口空腔、两个相对的侧面分别设有一个凹槽的类四棱台支架。
逆反射材料（350）：
逆反射材料（350）为43珠反光片。
封装材料：
封装材料为环氧封装胶。
紧固结构或紧固件（370）：
紧固结构或紧固件（370）为定位键销和定位孔。
本发明的具体成型结构为：
先把透明顶壳（320）顶朝下，底朝上反面放置，再将SrAl 2 O 4 长余辉发光粉与透明环氧树脂混合后，浇注到透明顶壳（320）的空腔内固化制成长余辉发光材料（310），并与透明顶壳（320）结合成一个构件，再在道钉支架（340）顶部的向上开口空腔内浇注一层不太厚的封装材料，然后使上述构件凸面朝上，从上向下嵌入到道钉支架（340）顶部的向上开口空腔内并用紧固结构或紧固件（370）固定，接着用封装材料封装，最后将逆反射材料（350）从道钉支架（340）斜上方用超声波热合到道钉支架（340）所述两个相对侧面的凹槽里结合成一个整体结构。
或者，先将SrAl 2 O 4 长余辉发光粉与透明环氧树脂混合后，浇注并固化脱模制成的预成型的长余辉发光材料（310），再将长余辉发光材料（310）倒置并用导光胶或透明胶粘合固定到透明顶壳（320）的空腔内，使长余辉发光材料（310）浇筑时的底层设在靠近透明顶壳（320）的一侧，并制成一个构件，再在道钉支架（340）顶部的向上开口空腔内浇注一层不太厚的封装材料，然后使上述构件凸面朝上并用紧固结构或紧固件（370）从上向下固定到道钉支架（340）顶部的向上开口空腔内，接着用封装材料封装，最后将逆反射材料（350）从道钉支架（340）斜上方用超声波热合到道钉支架（340）所述两个相对侧面的凹槽里结合成一个整体结构。
本实施例的一种类四棱台体的长余辉反光凸起道钉，一般安装在道路的中间或两边，顶面具有长余辉发光功能，侧面具有反光功能，并具有结构强度高、抗压性能和抗冲击性能强、长余辉发光材料和逆反射材料的耐久性好、使用寿命长及余辉发光亮度高、视角大、易于夜晚受车灯激发等优点。
实施例四
一种类四棱台体的长余辉反光凸起道钉，包括长余辉发光材料（410）、道钉壳体（420）（440）、白色反射层、逆反射材料（450）、封装材料，如图7所示。
长余辉发光材料（410）：
长余辉发光材料（410）由SrAl 2 O 4 长余辉发光粉与透明环氧树脂混合后固化成型。
道钉壳体（420）（440）：
道钉壳体由类球缺状隆起顶部（420）和类四棱台底部（440）两部分组成，为PC透明树脂通过注塑工艺一次成型的、设有底部开口空腔，并在两个相对的侧面分别设有一个类梯形凹槽的连体成型体。
类球缺状隆起顶部（420）的顶面为带有防滑颗粒的平面结构，内部设有向下开口的空腔。
白色反射层：
白色环氧封装胶固化后充当白色反射层的作用。
逆反射材料（450）：
逆反射材料（450）为类梯形微棱镜反光板。
封装材料：
封装材料为白色环氧封装胶。
本发明的具体成型结构为：
先把连体成型体顶朝下，底朝上反面放置，然后将SrAl 2 O 4 长余辉发光粉与透明环氧树脂混合后，浇注到类球缺状隆起顶部（420）的空腔内固化制成长余辉发光材料（410），再用白色封装材料灌封、填充连体成型体的整个空腔并固化成型，最后将逆反射材料（450）从连体成型体斜上方用超声波热合到连体成型体所述两个相对侧面的凹槽里结合成一个整体结构。
或者，先将SrAl 2 O 4 长余辉发光粉与透明环氧树脂混合后，浇注并固化脱模制成的预成型的长余辉发光材料（410），再将长余辉发光材料（410）倒置并用导光胶或透明胶粘合固定到类球缺状隆起顶部（420）的空腔内，使长余辉发光材料（410）浇筑时的底层设在靠近类球缺状隆起顶部（420）的一侧，再用白色封装材料灌封、填充连体成型体的整个空腔并固化成型，最后将逆反射材料（450）从连体成型体斜上方用超声波热合到连体成型体所述两个相对侧面的凹槽里结合成一个整体结构。
本实施例的一种类四棱台体的长余辉反光道钉，一般安装在道路的中间或两边，顶面具有长余辉发光功能，侧面具有反光功能，并具有结构强度高、抗压性能和抗冲击性能强、长余辉发光材料和逆反射材料的耐久性好、使用寿命长及余辉发光亮度高、视角大、易于夜晚受车灯激发等优点。
实施例五
一种类球缺体的长余辉反光凸起道钉，包括长余辉发光材料（510）、道钉壳体（520）（540）、白色反射层、逆反射材料（550）、封装材料，如图8所示。
长余辉发光材料（510）：
长余辉发光材料（510）由SrAl2O4长余辉发光粉与透明环氧树脂混合后固化成型。
道钉壳体（520）（540）：
道钉壳体由类球缺状隆起顶部（520）和类球缺底部（540）两部分组成，为PC透明树脂通过注塑工艺一次成型的、设有底部开口空腔，并在两个相对的侧面部分分别设有3个水平设置的圆形透光孔的连体成型体。
类球缺状隆起顶部（520）的顶面为平面结构，内部设有向下开口的空腔。
白色反射层：
白色环氧封装胶固化后充当白色反射层的作用。
逆反射材料（550）：
逆反射材料（550）为猫眼反光珠。
封装材料：
封装材料为白色环氧封装胶。
本发明的具体成型结构为：
先把连体成型体顶朝下，底朝上反面放置，然后将SrAl 2 O 4 长余辉发光粉与透明环氧树脂混合后，浇注到类球缺状隆起顶部（520）的空腔内固化制成长余辉发光材料（510），再用白色封装材料灌封、填充连体成型体的整个空腔内，接着在白色封装材料未固化时，将安装脚插入到白色封装材料内，待白色封装材料固化后结合为一体，最后将逆反射材料（550）从道钉支架（540）的外侧嵌入到道钉支架（540）所述两个相对侧面部分的透光孔内，并通过封装材料封装，成为一个整体结构。
或者，先将SrAl 2 O 4 长余辉发光粉与透明环氧树脂混合后，浇注并固化脱模制成的预成型的长余辉发光材料（510），再将长余辉发光材料（510）倒置并用导光胶或透明胶粘合固定到类球缺状隆起顶部（520）的空腔内，使长余辉发光材料（510）浇筑时的底层设在靠近类球缺状隆起顶部（520）的一侧，再用白色封装材料灌封、填充连体成型体的整个空腔内，接着在白色封装材料未固化时，将安装脚插入到白色封装材料内，待白色封装材料固化后结合为一体，最后将逆反射材料（550）从道钉支架（540）的外侧嵌入到道钉支架（540）所述两个相对侧面部分的透光孔内，并通过封装材料封装，成为一个整体结构。
本实施例的一种类球缺体的长余辉反光道钉，一般安装在道路的中间或两边，顶面具有长余辉发光功能，侧面具有反光功能，并具有结构强度高、抗压性能和抗冲击性能强、长余辉发光材料和逆反射材料的耐久性好、使用寿命长及余辉发光亮度高、视角大、易于夜晚受车灯激发等优点。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳方案而已，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的各种修改或变形、组合或叠加、等同替换等，或者将本技术应用于相关和类似技术领域，均应包含在本发明的保护范围内。

Claims (11)

  1. 一种长余辉反光道钉，包括长余辉发光材料（1）、透明顶壳（2）、白色反射层（3）、道钉支架（4）、逆反射材料（5）、封装材料（6）、紧固结构（7）；其特征在于：所述的透明顶壳（2）的顶面向上隆起、底面向内凹陷形成空腔，所述的空腔内设有底部带有白色反射层（3）的长余辉发光材料（1）、且长余辉发光材料（1）与透明顶壳（2）结合成一个构件；道钉支架（4）的顶部设有向上开口的空腔或/和孔洞或/和凹槽，上述构件由上向下嵌入道钉支架（4）顶部的向上开口空腔内并通过封装材料（6）、或、封装材料（6）和紧固结构（7）固定，并与道钉支架（4）结合形成带有长余辉发光材料（1）的顶部隆起的整体结构；或者道钉支架（4）的顶部设有向下开口的空腔或/和孔洞或/和凹槽，上述构件由下向上嵌入道钉支架（4）顶部的向下开口空腔或/和孔洞或/和凹槽内并通过封装材料（6）、或、封装材料（6）和紧固结构（7）固定，并与道钉支架（4）结合形成带有长余辉发光材料（1）的顶部隆起的整体结构；并且道钉支架（4）的侧面设有孔洞或凹槽或透明窗口，所述的孔洞或凹槽或透明窗口内设有逆反射材料（5）。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种长余辉反光道钉，其特征在于：所述的道钉支架（4）的开口空腔内或开口空腔的周围设有凹凸结构或契合结构或过盈配合结构，或/和，所述的透明顶壳（2）上设有凹凸结构或契合结构或过盈配合结构。
  3. 一种长余辉反光道钉，包括长余辉发光材料（1）、透明顶壳（2）、白色反射层（3）、道钉支架（4）、逆反射材料（5）、封装材料（6）；其特征在于：所述的透明顶壳（2）与道钉支架（4）为连体成型体，所述连体成型体的顶面向上隆起、底面向内凹陷形成空腔，所述的空腔内设有长余辉发光材料（1）；长余辉发光材料（1）的下方设有白色反射层（3），白色反射层（3）的下方设有封装材料（6），道钉支架（4）的侧面设有孔洞或凹槽或透明窗口，道钉支架（4）侧面的孔洞或凹槽或透明窗口内设有逆反射材料（5）。
  4. 根据权利要求1或3所述的一种长余辉反光道钉，其特征在于：所述的长余辉发光材料（1）为长余辉发光粉与透明树脂混合成液态或熔融态，浇注后固化成型的、浇注底层长余辉发光粉的密度大于浇注顶层长余辉发光粉的密度的长余辉发光材料，并且长余辉发光材料（1）与透明顶壳（2）结合时，长余辉发光粉密度相对大的浇注底层设在接近透明顶壳（2）的一侧。
  5. 根据权利要求1或3所述的一种长余辉反光道钉，其特征在于：所述的透明顶壳（2）的顶部设有防滑结构。
  6. 根据权利要求1或3所述的一种长余辉反光道钉，其特征在于：所述的透明顶壳（2）的顶部为倒放后不易倾覆的结构。
  7. 据权利要求1或3所述的一种长余辉反光道钉，其特征在于：所述的透明顶壳（2）的空腔或/和孔洞或/和凹槽内设有分隔体或加强筋，或道钉支架的空腔或/和孔洞或/和凹槽内设有分隔体或加强筋。
  8. 根据权利要求1或3所述的一种长余辉反光道钉，其特征在于：所述的道钉支架（4）侧面的孔洞或凹槽或透明窗口内还设有长余辉发光材料（1），长余辉发光材料（1）的上方设有透明保护壳。
  9. 根据权利要求1或3所述的一种长余辉反光道钉，其特征在于：所述的道钉支架（4）的底面设有安装脚。
  10. 根据权利要求1或3所述的一种长余辉反光道钉，其特征在于：所述的道钉支架（4）的侧面设有两个相对的、与道钉底面或路面成一定倾角的平面，平面上设有孔洞或凹槽或透明窗口，所述的孔洞或凹槽或透明窗口内设有晶格型逆反射材料层或微棱镜型逆反射材料层或反光珠阵列片或猫眼反光珠。
  11. 根据权利要求1或3所述的一种长余辉反光道钉，其特征在于：所述的道钉侧面的孔洞或凹槽或透明窗口内由内往外安装有逆反射材料（5）或长余辉发光材料（1）；逆反射材料（5）或长余辉发光材料（1）通过防脱落卡槽或契合结构或过盈配合固定，或，逆反射材料（5）或长余辉发光材料（1）通过封装材料（6）封装。
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