WO2019085819A1 - 一种连掘工作面锚杆锚索支护工艺与装备 - Google Patents

一种连掘工作面锚杆锚索支护工艺与装备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019085819A1
WO2019085819A1 PCT/CN2018/111871 CN2018111871W WO2019085819A1 WO 2019085819 A1 WO2019085819 A1 WO 2019085819A1 CN 2018111871 W CN2018111871 W CN 2018111871W WO 2019085819 A1 WO2019085819 A1 WO 2019085819A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
anchor
support
sliding
box body
sliding box
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Application number
PCT/CN2018/111871
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
蒲长晏
王明普
武利民
刘芳
范要辉
王鹏
王明磊
王超杰
李立辉
韩菲
郭凯
刘领弟
Original Assignee
廊坊景隆重工机械有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Priority claimed from CN201711078992.XA external-priority patent/CN107654190B/zh
Priority claimed from CN201711080738.3A external-priority patent/CN107882503B/zh
Priority claimed from CN201711079978.1A external-priority patent/CN107620568B/zh
Application filed by 廊坊景隆重工机械有限公司 filed Critical 廊坊景隆重工机械有限公司
Priority to AU2018360990A priority Critical patent/AU2018360990B2/en
Priority to US16/761,814 priority patent/US11208888B2/en
Publication of WO2019085819A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019085819A1/zh

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
    • E21D20/003—Machines for drilling anchor holes and setting anchor bolts

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the field of manufacture and application of coal mine roadway support equipment, and in particular relates to a bolt anchor cable support technology for double-road heading working face of continuous mining machine.
  • the main support forms of coal mine roadways in China are bolts and anchor cables; the top anchors have been mechanized support, mainly with two-arm or four-arm bolt drills; the whole continuous mining machine tunnels the working bolts of the roadway
  • the top anchor cable support still needs manual hand-held coal drill or single-arm hydraulic drill, and is in a semi-mechanized backward operation state.
  • Supporting bolts need to be divided into left and right gangs, which are used for two punching supports, which take up more labor; (2) support bolts Scaffolding is required to work in the high roadway, which has high labor intensity and many hidden dangers.
  • the top anchor cable support generally adopts non-explosion-proof agricultural vehicles, and the vehicle single-arm drilling rig performs punching support, which also has labor intensity and safety hazard.
  • Many problems (4) Because the top anchoring rod, the anchoring bolt and the top anchoring cable need to be completed in stages, the bolts and top anchoring ropes are provided for the continuous excavation working face with poor geological conditions. It is difficult to get timely support, often there are coal gangs to help, roof roofing and other accidents.
  • the invention provides a fully mechanized anchor bolt support technology for the double-chamber heading working face of the continuous mining machine with less people, high support efficiency and safety.
  • a supporting structure and equipment for bolting and anchoring of working face the four-arm top anchor drilling vehicle is used as the front vehicle, and the six-armed anchor top anchor cable drilling vehicle is the rear vehicle, and the two vehicles are arranged in parallel in front and rear;
  • the four-arm top anchor drilling rig, four anchor rigs constitute a top anchor rod drilling unit, facing the top plate, used for roadway top anchor support;
  • Two sets of bolt rigs are arranged in each department, and one gang bolt rig is arranged at each of the four corners of the workbench to form a bolt-drilling rig, facing the coal gang, and used for bolting of the roadway gangs;
  • two top anchor cable drilling rigs are arranged to form a top anchor cable drilling unit, which faces the top plate and is used for reinforcing the top anchor cable.
  • the order of the top anchor support for each step of the front car is 1 row, 2 rows, 3 rows, 4 rows, 5 rows, 6 rows, 7 rows, 8 rows; the rear car completes 4 steps per walking.
  • the bolt support sequence is 1, 5 rows; 2, 6 rows; 3, 7 rows; 4, 8 rows; in the case of good roadway roof conditions, the front car can walk a multiple of 16 times of 16 steps; At this time, the rear vehicle travels 8 steps, the support sequence is 1, 5 rows; 2, 6 rows; 3, 7 rows; 4, 8 rows; 9, 13 rows; 10, 14 rows; 12, 16 rows.
  • the row spacing of the two vehicles is the same (about 1 m), and the N rows can be 8 rows or 16 rows; the natural number of N is 8 or more in the protection scope of the present case.
  • the specific setting of N can be determined by the user according to the stability of the top plate.
  • the N row is a work cycle, and after the support operation of one operation cycle is completed, the front and rear vehicles exchange positions with the continuous shearer of another roadway, and enter another tunnel that has been dug for the next anchor cable. Support circulation work.
  • each step of the walking, the four anchor rigs of the preceding vehicle can work simultaneously to complete the support of the four top anchors; or each step, the support is carried out twice, and the four anchor rigs work simultaneously The support of the four top anchors is completed, and then the anchor rigs on both sides are stretched outward by sliding the sliding box, and then the two top anchors near the coal gang are completed to complete a row. Support for 6 top anchors.
  • the four anchor bolt drilling rigs of the rear vehicle are arranged in two front and rear portions, and the center distances of the front and rear bolt rigs can be adjusted, and the adjustment range is 3.8 m to 4.2 m, each The bolt rig can be lifted up and down by the sliding friction box of the sliding box body and the fixed connecting body, and the maximum lifting height is 1 m; the bolt rig can also be relatively fixed to the sliding box body by sliding the sliding box body in the sliding box body It can slide outward 0.5m to meet the requirements of bolting support for different roadway widths; each of the bolt rigs can be lifted up and down by 1m, and the workbench can also drive the bolt rig up and down by 1m, so that each gang The bolting machine can be lifted by 2m from the lowest height to the highest height; in the range of 2m lifting height, each of the bolting machines can carry out horizontal support of three bolts; if the bolting rig is rotated up or down, it must be At the angle, it can also complete the support tasks of
  • the sliding box body structure is composed of a fixed sliding box body and two sliding sliding box bodies, and the sliding sliding box body can be respectively opposite to the fixed sliding box body
  • the outer slip is 0.5m; the two top anchor rigs fixed on the sliding sliding box body face the top plate and are used for reinforcing the top anchor cable.
  • the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:
  • the six-armed anchor top anchor cable drilling vehicle enables the bolt anchor cable support of the continuous roadway to be changed from semi-mechanized operation to full mechanized operation, and is a support process for the “two-car N-row” operation method.
  • the basic equipment is provided. Through the "two-car N-row" operation support technology of the front and rear parallel operation, the one-time mechanized support of the top bolt, the anchor bolt and the top anchor cable is realized.
  • the number of workers is greatly reduced: At present, the current two-piece bolt support work is completed intermittently. The required personnel are 3 left and right, 3 anchors for anchor support, and 9 for three operation points. The newly developed six-armed anchor top anchor cable drilling rig only requires four people to operate, and the number of workers is less than half of the original.
  • the support efficiency is greatly improved: when the six-armed anchor top anchor cable is supported by the anchor bolt and the top anchor cable, the support efficiency is improved compared with the manual hand-held single-arm coal drill operation. %the above.
  • the support of the anchor rod does not require scaffolding to work in the high place of the roadway; the top anchor cable support does not need to use the non-explosion-proof agricultural vehicle vehicle single-arm drilling rig for punching support; for the geological conditions with poor drilling
  • the working face helps the anchor rod and the top anchor cable to be timely supported, which will avoid accidents such as coal gangs and roof roofing.
  • Figure 1 shows the construction process of the existing continuous excavation face.
  • Figure 1a shows the four-arm top anchor drill truck 3.1 in the right roadway with top anchor support, and the continuous mining machine 3.3 in the left roadway;
  • Figure 1b shows the equipment entering another After a cycle, the exchange locations continue their respective work;
  • FIG. 2 is a construction process of the continuous excavation working face of the present invention
  • FIG. 2a is a four-arm top anchor drill truck 3.1, a six-armed anchor top anchor cable drilling vehicle 3.2, a top anchor rod, a bolt anchor, and a top anchor in the right roadway Cable support, continuous mining machine 3.3 tunneling in the left lane; 1b for the equipment to enter another cycle after the exchange position to continue their respective work;
  • FIG. 3 is a front view of a four-arm top anchor drill car (front vehicle) according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a front view showing the state of the anchor support of the six-armed anchor top anchor cable drilling vehicle (rear vehicle) according to the present invention
  • Figure 5 is a plan view of Figure 4.
  • FIG. 6 is a layout diagram of a top anchor support of a four-arm top anchor drill (front vehicle) according to the present invention
  • FIG. 7 is a layout diagram of a left-hand anchor rod, a top anchor cable and a right-hand anchor rod of a six-armed anchor top anchor cable drilling vehicle (rear vehicle) according to the present invention
  • Figure 8 is a front view of a four-arm bolt drill for mining according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is a plan view of Figure 8.
  • Figure 10 is a schematic view of a vertical lifting mechanism
  • Figure 11 is a schematic view of a translational sliding box body and a temporary support cylinder
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic view of a working platform assembly, a ceiling assembly, and a hopper assembly
  • Figure 13 is a left side view of Figure 12;
  • Figure 14 is a schematic view of a dust removal system
  • 15 is a schematic structural view of a mining six-arm anchor anchor cable drilling vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 16 is a plan view of Figure 1;
  • Figure 17 is a schematic view of a vertical lifting mechanism
  • Figure 18 is a schematic view of the working platform
  • Figure 19 is a schematic view showing the horizontal state of the front sliding sliding box body and four drilling machines
  • Figure 20 is a schematic view showing the horizontal state of the front translation sliding box body and the two drilling rigs, and the two units rotating at 90° in a vertical state;
  • Figure 21 is a schematic view showing the horizontal state of the rear translation sliding box body and the two drilling machines
  • Figure 22 is a schematic view showing the rear translation sliding box body and the two drilling machines rotated 90° in a vertical state
  • Figure 23 is a schematic view showing the state of the top anchor cable support of four drilling rigs
  • Figure 24 is a plan view of Figure 3;
  • 25 is a layout diagram of a top anchor support of a four-arm top anchor drill (front vehicle) according to the present invention.
  • top bolt rig 3.10, front rig; 3.11, rear rig; 3.12, top anchor rig;
  • spatially relative terms such as “above”, “above”, “on top”, “above”, etc., may be used herein to describe as in the drawings.
  • the exemplary term “above” can include both “over” and "under”.
  • the device can also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the corresponding description of the space used herein is interpreted accordingly.
  • the equipment used in the existing construction process of the continuous excavation face consists of a four-arm top anchor drill truck 3.1, a continuous mining machine 3.3, a shuttle 3.4, a feeder crusher 3.5, a belt conveyor 3.6, and a forklift 3.7;
  • Figure 1a shows the four-arm top anchor drill truck 3.1 in the right roadway with top anchor support, and the continuous mining machine 3.3 in the left roadway for excavation;
  • Figure 1b shows the four-arm top anchor drill truck 3.1 and the continuous mining machine 3.3 exchange
  • the anchor bolt support technology of the continuous excavation working face of the present invention is to add a six-armed anchor top to the equipment used in the existing construction process.
  • a new support technology formed by the anchor cable drilling truck 3.2; the new supporting technology of the invention is matched with the equipment of the continuous excavation working face 3.3, shuttle 3.4 and the like, which will greatly improve the efficiency of the excavation work face improve.
  • the four-arm top anchor drilling rig 3.1 is the front car, mainly for the top anchor support; the six-armed anchor top anchor cable rig 3.2 is the rear
  • the car is mainly supported by the anchor bolt and the top anchor cable; the front and rear cars are operated in parallel.
  • the four top anchor rigs 3.9 of the preceding vehicle are arranged in a "one" shape with the drill arms facing the top plate; four top anchor rigs 3.9 can work simultaneously.
  • the support of the four top anchors can be completed, and the support can be carried out twice. That is, the four top anchor rigs 3.9 work simultaneously to complete the support of the four top anchors, and then the top anchor rigs on both sides Through the 9 telescopic devices, each of them is stretched outward, and then the two top anchors near the coal gang are completed, and a row of six top anchors are supported.
  • each rig can complete 3 ⁇ 4 anchors in each step of the vehicle.
  • the support task of the pole, four support bolt rigs can complete the support tasks of the second row of 12 to 16 bolts.
  • two top anchor cable drilling rigs are arranged in the middle of the rear vehicle.
  • the top anchor cable drilling rig is fixed on the sliding box body.
  • the sliding box body is composed of a fixed sliding box body and two sliding sliding boxes.
  • the body composition, the sliding sliding box body can be respectively outwardly slipped by 0.5 m relative to the fixed sliding box body; the two top anchoring cable drilling rigs fixed on the sliding sliding box body face the top plate for reinforcing the top anchor cable.
  • 3.8 in the figure is a supported anchor bolt.
  • the front car and the rear car cooperate with each other.
  • the front car supports 8 rows, 2 rows, 3 rows, 4 rows, 5 rows, 6 rows, and 8 rows for each step of walking. 7 rows, 8 rows; 4 steps for each step of the rear car to complete the support of the bolts, 1, 5 rows; 2, 6 rows; 3, 7 rows; 4, 8 rows; in the case of a row spacing of about 1m , generally 8m is a work cycle.
  • the walking order of the preceding vehicle is 1 step, 2 steps, 3 steps... 8 steps; and the walking sequence of the rear vehicle is the first step supporting the 1st, 5th row of the anchor bolts, and the second Step support 2, 6 row of help anchors, the third step support 3, 7 rows of help anchors, the fourth step support 4, 8 rows of help anchors.
  • the above-mentioned front and rear vehicle support processes are collectively referred to as the "two-car eight-step" method of support technology, which can realize the one-time process of the top anchor, the anchor bolt and the top anchor cable. carry out.
  • the "two-car eight-row" method of support technology is not limited to eight steps of front and rear vehicle walking as a support bolt support cycle. According to the stability of the roadway roof, the roof is particularly good. Under the geological conditions, the "two-car N-row" method can also be used.
  • the front vehicle in addition to the top bolt support function, the front vehicle also has a top anchor cable support function, and the number of anchor bolts and top anchor cables supported by the rear vehicle due to geological conditions.
  • the workload of the rear car is greater than the workload of the front car.
  • the front car can help the rear car to support the top anchor cable to ensure that the front and rear cars work in parallel close to 100%.
  • the invention realizes the top anchor rod and the anchor bolt on the basis of the newly developed six-armed anchor top anchor cable drilling vehicle through the "two-car N-row" operation method supporting the parallel operation of the front and rear vehicles.
  • a mine four-arm anchor drill truck of the present invention comprises a crawler walking body portion 1 and a bolt support working portion 2, and the two portions are composed of a pair of guide columns 4 and a guide sleeve 5
  • the sliding friction pair is driven by the lifting cylinder 3 to push the bolt supporting working portion 2 vertically upward or downward with the crawler traveling body portion 1 as a fulcrum to meet the working requirements of the bolt supporting working portion at different heights.
  • the above vertical lifting structure can also be used for a six-arm anchor drill.
  • the crawler traveling body portion 1 includes a crawler frame and a body frame, and a hydraulic power system 1.1, a dust box assembly 1.2, an electrical system 1.3, and cooling are mounted on the body frame of the crawler traveling body portion 1.
  • bolt support work unit 2 includes working platform 2.1, translation sliding box body 2.2, four bolt rigs 2.3, hopper assembly 2.4, temporary support Cylinder 2.5, cyclone assembly 2.6, ceiling assembly 2.7.
  • the fixed platform 2.1.1 of the working platform 2.1 of the bolt supporting working portion 2 is hinged with a foot pedal 2.1.2, a fixed platform 2.1.1 and a foot pedal 2.1.2 There is a tilting cylinder 2.1.3 installed between them, and the turning power of the foot pedal 2.1.2 is the turning cylinder 2.1.3.
  • the pedals are leveled to ensure that the operator enters the vicinity of the coal gangs; The pedals are stowed in a vertical position to ensure that the body is in the narrowest state while walking.
  • the translational sliding box body 2.2 of the bolt supporting working portion 2 includes a fixed sliding box body 2.2.1 and a sliding sliding box body slidably coupled to both sides of the fixed sliding box body 2.2.1. 2.2.2, the sliding sliding box body 2.2.2 is fixed with a wear-resistant copper strip on the outer surface and a rectangular sliding friction pair is formed on the inner surface of the fixed sliding box body 2.2.1, and the gap of the rectangular sliding friction pair can be adjusted to compensate two A new gap appears after wear.
  • the temporary support cylinder 2.5 of the bolt support working portion 2 is fixed on both sides of the front part of the translational sliding box body 2.2 by flat keys and bolts, and is supported by two upper support cylinders 2.5.1 and two lower support cylinders 2.5.
  • composition of .2 makes the reaction force of the top plate to the drill car directly transmitted to the bottom plate through the upper and lower support cylinders.
  • Temporary support cylinder 2.5 effective support for the top plate is the operator's safety protection, but the reaction force of the top plate to the drill car can not be transmitted to other parts of the drill car, otherwise the drill car is prone to tilt, resulting in safety hazards.
  • the four bolt rigs 2.3 of the bolt support working portion 2 are fixed on the translational sliding box body 2.2, wherein the middle two bolt rigs are fixed on the translation sliding box body.
  • the four anchor rigs are connected by left and right rotation and front and rear tilting cylinders to the translational sliding box body 2.2. Both have left and right rotation and front and rear tilting functions, mainly to ensure that the anchor drilling is always perpendicular to the top plate under complex geological conditions and when the rig is tilted. .
  • the hopper assembly 2.4 of the bolt support working portion 2 is composed of a hopper support frame 2.4.1, a main hopper 2.4.2 and a secondary hopper 2.4.3, and a hopper support frame 2.4.1.
  • the main hopper 2.4.2 and the auxiliary hopper 2.4.3 are arranged up and down on the hopper support frame 2.4.1, one on each side; the secondary hopper 2.4.3 distance from the ground is 1.5m-2.5m, preferably The minimum height is 1.5m, which is convenient for loading, and then the material on the auxiliary hopper 2.4.3 is twice switched to the main hopper 2.4.2, which can also be used as a supplement for the main hopper 2.4.2.
  • the upper surface of the working platform 2.1 of the bolt supporting working portion 2 is provided with a ceiling assembly 2.7, and the height of the ceiling can be adjusted according to the height of the person's body 2.7.1 lifting from the ceiling
  • the cylinder 2.7.2 provides power; there are telescopic beams 2.7.4 on both sides of the ceiling 2.7.3, and the telescopic cylinder 2.7.5 provides power to control the extension and retraction of the telescopic beam 2.7.4. Retracted, the telescopic beam protrudes when the rig is working.
  • the crawler walking body portion 1 of the anchor drilling rig is equipped with a cooling system 1.4, which is cooled in the form of air cooling, and the existing imported type of anchor drilling rig hydraulic power system is cooled to be natural cooling.
  • the hydraulic oil temperature is relatively high, which has a great influence on the service life of the main hydraulic components and each sealing step.
  • the increase of the air cooling system of the present invention will balance the hydraulic oil temperature at the optimal temperature.
  • the anchor drilling vehicle dust removal system includes four sets of dust removal power units 1.7 (the negative pressure fan is used in this embodiment), the dust box assembly 1.2, and the cyclone assembly 2.6.
  • a muffler box 1.6 a muffler box 1.6 is equipped with eight muffler;
  • the dust box assembly 1.2 includes a first cavity and a second cavity, and a filter device is disposed between the two cavities (the filter element is used in this embodiment)
  • the cyclone assembly 2.6 is connected to the first cavity of the dust box assembly 1.2 through a pipe;
  • the air suction port of the dust removing power device 1.7 is connected to the second cavity through a flange, and the air outlet is connected to the muffler through a pipe.
  • the dust generated by the hole drilling of the bolt drill 2.3 is under the action of the negative pressure fan of the dust removal power unit 1.7, and the large particles are first dropped by the cyclone to be the first stage dust removal; then the box maze of the dust box will be finer dust. Dropped into the first cavity of the dust box, it is secondary dust removal; then filtered by the filter to drop finer dust into the second cavity of the dust box, which is a three-stage dust removal, and the negative pressure fan of each dust removal power device is connected to two With a silencer, the working noise will be greatly improved compared to the existing imported anchor drill.
  • the coiled cable system 1.5 adopts an ultra-large diameter drum with a diameter of 1.35 m, and the specification is 252 mm.
  • the cable can be rolled up to a length of 250 m, which is 50 m longer than that of the existing imported anchor drill.
  • the mine anchor drill truck of the present invention innovatively designs the vertical lifting mechanism of the bolt support working portion, so that the minimum working height of the four anchor rod drilling rigs of the final actuator is greatly reduced, and the bolt rig is widened.
  • the scope of adaptation; the overall compact design makes the width of the whole machine reduced by 500mm compared with imported similar equipment, increasing the pedestrian space on both sides; the hydraulic power system increases the air cooling system, so that the hydraulic oil temperature is controlled within a reasonable range, especially It is suitable for the double-digging face of continuous mining machine.
  • a mine six-arm anchor anchor cable drilling vehicle of the present invention includes a crawler walking body portion 1 and a bolt anchor support working portion.
  • the anchor cable support work part 2 comprises a working platform 2.1 and six drilling rigs 2.4;
  • the working platform 2.1 is connected by a sliding friction pair composed of a guiding column 4 and a guiding sleeve 5, and the crawler walking body part 1 and the working platform 2.1 4 lift cylinders 3 are installed between the four lift cylinders 3, and the crawler crane main body 1 is used as a fulcrum to push the anchor cable support working portion 2 vertically upward or downward to meet the anchor anchor cable branch.
  • the work department needs work at different heights.
  • the above arrangement eliminates the space occupied by the connecting rod of the four-bar linkage mechanism, so that the anchor cable support working portion 2 is closely attached to the crawler walking body portion 1, which greatly reduces the minimum working height of the six drilling rigs and increases the adaptation of the product. range.
  • the crawler traveling body portion 1 includes a crawler frame and a body frame, and a fixed facility such as a hydraulic power system 1.1, an electric system 1.3, a cooling system 1.4, and a coil cable system 1.5 is mounted on the body frame.
  • the anchor cable support working part 2 comprises a working platform 2.1, a front translation sliding box body 2.2, a rear translation sliding box body 2.3.0, six drilling machines 2.4, a hopper assembly 2.4, and an adjustment cylinder 2.6.0.
  • the fixed platform 2.1.1 of the working platform 2.1 of the anchor cable support working portion 2 is hinged with a foot pedal 2.1.2, a fixed platform 2.1.1 and a foot pedal 2.1.
  • a tilting cylinder 2.1.3 installed between the two.
  • the turning power of the pedal is provided by the foot pedal turning cylinder 2.1.3.
  • the foot pedal 2.1.2 is leveled to ensure that the operator enters both sides of the coal. Work nearby; when walking, the foot pedal 2.1.2 is put up in a vertical position to ensure that the fuselage is in the narrowest state while walking.
  • the front translational sliding box body 2.2 of the anchor cable support working portion 2 includes a front fixed sliding box body 2.2.1 and a sliding connection on both sides of the front fixed sliding box body 2.2.1.
  • the front sliding sliding box body 2.2.2 can slide and slide to both sides.
  • the front sliding sliding box body 2.2.2 is fixed with a front wear-resistant copper strip 2.2.3 on the outer surface, and a rectangular sliding friction pair is formed on the inner surface of the front fixed sliding box body 2.2.1, and the gap between the two can be adjusted to compensate for the wear of the two.
  • the front translational sliding box body 2.2 includes a front fixed sliding box body 2.2.1 and four front sliding sliding box bodies 2.2.2; two sliding sliding box bodies 2.2.2 on each side are arranged up and down, four The drilling rigs 2.4 are respectively mounted on the four front sliding sliding boxes 2.2.2.
  • the rear translation sliding box body 2.3.0 comprises a rear fixed sliding box body 2.3.1 and two rear sliding sliding box bodies 2.3.2 connected to both sides thereof, which can be translated to both sides. Sliding; two rigs 2.4 are mounted on the two rear sliding chutes 2.3.2. Each rig 2.4 can slide to the sides by >0.95m to ensure that the rig works at different working points.
  • each rig 2.4 installed on the front translation sliding box body 2.2, two on each side, the drilling direction is toward the coal walls on both sides; each rig 2.4 is installed through the rotary cylinder.
  • the sliding sliding box body has the function of up and down rotation to accurately locate the drilling position; wherein the drilling machine 2.4 located below can be rotated horizontally by 25° in the horizontal direction and rotated upward by 5° to ensure the bottom of the coal gang.
  • the effective support of a bolt and the fine adjustment of the drilling position of the bolt hole; the drilling machine 2.4 located above can be rotated downward by 5° in the horizontal direction and rotated upward by >95° to ensure the drilling position of the bolt hole.
  • the fine adjustment and the drill pipe support the top anchor cable perpendicular to the top plate.
  • the rear translation sliding box body 2.3.0 is equipped with two drilling machines 2.4, one on each side, and the drilling direction is toward the top plate; each drilling machine 2.4 has a left and right rotation function to be vertical The direction is 5° rotated in the middle direction and >95° in the outer direction to ensure that the rig installed on the front sliding sliding box body is supported by the bolt.
  • the front and rear sliding sliding box bodies 2.2 and 2.3 are installed on the front and rear of the anchor cable supporting work part 2, and four drilling machines 2.4 installed on the front sliding sliding box body 2.2 are formed.
  • the anchor drill unit can complete the support tasks of four bolts in one time.
  • Two of the four drilling rigs 2.4 installed on the front translation sliding box body 2.2 can be rotated 100° to the top plate, and the other two drilling machines 2.4 installed on the rear translation sliding box body 2.3.0 form a top anchor cable.
  • the drilling unit can complete the support tasks of four anchor cables at one time.
  • the spacing between the front and rear translational sliding box bodies of the anchor cable support working portion 2 can be adjusted by adjusting the oil cylinder 2.6.0, and after adjusting the cylinder 2.6.0 to push or pull
  • the sliding sliding box body 2.3.0 is displaced relative to the front translation sliding box body 2.2, and the adjustment range is 1.9m ⁇ 2.1m; it is mainly used for the spacing of different top anchor cables.
  • the crawler running portion 1 of the anchor drill car is equipped with a cooling system 1.4, which is cooled in the form of air cooling; the main purpose is to reduce the oil temperature of the hydraulic power system and control the oil temperature of the hydraulic power system. Within a reasonable range.
  • the mine six-arm anchor anchor cable drilling vehicle of the present invention comprises a six-bolt anchor cable drilling machine.
  • a translational sliding box body is installed in front of and behind the anchor bolt support working part, and four drilling rigs installed on the front translation sliding box body form a “bolting rod drilling unit”, which can complete four anchors at one time.
  • Supporting task of the rod; two of the four drilling rigs installed on the front sliding sliding box body can be rotated 100° and the other two drilling machines installed on the rear translation sliding box body form a “top anchor cable drilling unit”
  • Top anchor cable drilling unit Complete the support tasks of four anchor cables at one time.
  • the mining six-arm anchor anchor cable drilling vehicle of the invention realizes the spanning of the bolting and the top anchor cable support in the current roadway excavation in China from semi-mechanized to full mechanized operation.
  • the mine six-arm anchor anchor cable drilling vehicle of the present invention comprises a crawler walking body portion, a bolt anchor cable supporting working portion and a lifting cylinder; the lifting cylinder is used for providing driving force to the crawler walking body portion.
  • the working part of the anchor cable support is vertically raised or lowered to meet the working needs of the anchor cable support working at different heights, and the adaptability is wide.
  • the equipment used in the existing construction process of the continuous excavation face is composed of a four-arm top anchor drill truck 3.1, a continuous mining machine 3.3, a shuttle 3.4, a feed crusher 3.5,
  • the belt conveyor 3.6 and the forklift 3.7 are composed;
  • Figure 1a shows the four-arm top anchor drill truck 3.1 in the right roadway for top anchor support, and the continuous mining machine 3.3 for excavation in the left roadway;
  • Figure 1b shows the four-arm top anchor After the drilling truck 3.1 exchanges the position with the continuous mining machine 3.3, the respective work is continued;
  • the bolting cable anchoring technology of the continuous excavation working face of the present invention is the equipment foundation used in the existing construction process.
  • a new supporting process is formed by adding a six-armed anchor top anchor cable drilling truck 3.2; the new supporting technology of the invention is matched with the equipment of the continuous excavation working face 3.3, shuttle 3.4 and the like, This will greatly increase the efficiency of the excavation face.
  • the four-arm top anchor drilling rig 3.1 is the front car, mainly for the top anchor support; the six-armed anchor top anchor cable rig 3.2 is the rear
  • the car is mainly supported by the anchor bolt and the top anchor cable; the front and rear cars are operated in parallel.
  • the four top anchor rigs 3.9 of the preceding vehicle are arranged in a "one" shape with the drill arms facing the top plate; four top anchor rigs 3.9 can be At the same time, the support of the four top anchors can be completed, and the support can be carried out twice, that is, four top anchor rigs 3.9 work simultaneously to complete the support of the four top anchors, and then the top anchors on both sides
  • the rod rig passes through the telescopic device and stretches outwards, and then completes the two top anchors near the coal gang to complete a row of six top anchors.
  • four rigs are arranged in the front part of the rear, and the left and right sides are horizontally arranged (upper rig 4.10, lower rig 4.11), each facing the coal gang on both sides of the roadway; four rigs work at the same time. It can complete the support tasks of the left and right gangs and a row of 4 (two per gang) for the anchor rods at one time; the four rigs at the front part of the rear vehicle can be deflected according to the spacing of the bolts during the work.
  • Bolt support, four anchor rigs can also be supported in two times, a total of 6 to 8 rows, 3 to 4 gangs for each support task.
  • the rear vehicle (six-armed anchor top anchor cable drilling truck 3.2) is arranged horizontally above and below the upper drilling machine.
  • the upper drilling machine 4.10 can be rotated upward by 90° to the vertical state toward the top plate, and
  • the rig 12 can also be turned to a horizontal position for bolting.
  • the front and rear vehicles cooperate with each other to complete each row, and each row completes a row of top anchors and bolting support tasks; the front and rear vehicles complete eight rows after completing eight steps (about Eight meters) Top anchor and support bolt support task, eight meters for a work cycle.
  • the walking order of the preceding vehicle is 1 step, 2 steps, 3 steps... 8 steps; and the walking sequence of the following vehicle is 1 step, 2 steps, 3 steps, 3.5 steps, 4 steps, 5 steps, 6 steps, 7 steps, 7.5 steps, 8 steps; the rear car needs to walk to the 3rd and 7th steps and then walk forward 0.5 steps to complete the 1.5 row, 3.5 row, 5.5 row, 7.7 row of 8 top anchor cables Reinforcement support.
  • the above-mentioned front and rear vehicle support processes are collectively referred to as the "two-car eight-step" method, which can realize the one-time process of the top anchor, the anchor bolt and the top anchor cable. carry out.
  • the "two-car eight-step” method of support is not limited to eight steps of front and rear vehicles as a bolt and anchor support cycle. According to the stability of the roof of the roadway, it can also be used. "Two cars N step” method support technology.
  • the front car has a top anchor support function in addition to the top anchor support function, and when the rear car is supported by geological conditions, the number of support bolts is large.
  • the workload of the rear car is greater than the workload of the preceding car.
  • the front car can help the rear car to support the top anchor cable to ensure that the front and rear cars work in parallel close to 100%.
  • the invention realizes the top anchor rod, the anchor bolt and the top on the basis of the newly developed six-armed anchor top anchor cable drilling vehicle through the "two-car N-step" support technology of the front and rear parallel operation.
  • the one-time mechanized support of the three procedures of the anchor cable in particular, the timely support of the anchor bolt and the top anchor cable, eliminating the occurrence of unsafe factors such as the coal gang and the roof collapse.

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Abstract

一种连掘工作面锚杆锚索支护工艺，以四臂顶锚杆钻车为前车，六臂帮锚杆顶锚索钻车为后车，两台车前后排列平行作业；四臂顶锚杆钻车的四台锚杆钻机朝向顶板，主要完成顶锚杆的支护。六臂帮锚杆顶锚索钻车前部布置二台钻机，左右各一台；间隔四米左右，再布置二台钻机，左右各一台；前后共四台钻机朝向巷道左右两帮，主要完成两帮锚杆支护；前后帮锚杆钻机的中间布置二台顶锚索钻机朝向顶板，主要完成顶锚索支护。该工艺在四臂顶锚杆钻车和六臂帮锚杆顶锚索钻车的基础上，通过前、后车平行作业的"二车八排"作业法支护工艺，实现了顶锚杆、帮锚杆、顶锚索三项工序的一次性机械化支护。

Description

一种连掘工作面锚杆锚索支护工艺与装备 技术领域
本发明属于煤矿巷道支护设备制造和应用领域，具体地，涉及一种连采机双巷掘进工作面锚杆锚索支护工艺。
背景技术
目前我国煤矿巷道主要支护形式为锚杆、锚索支护；顶锚杆已实现机械化支护，主要有两臂或四臂锚杆钻车；整个连采机掘进工作面巷道的帮锚杆、顶锚索支护仍需人工手持煤电钻或单臂液压钻机作业，处于半机械化的落后作业状态。
帮锚杆及顶锚索支护主要存在如下问题：(1)帮锚杆支护需要分为左帮、右帮两次打孔支护，占用人工较多；(2)帮锚杆支护需搭脚手架在巷道高处作业，劳动强度大，安全隐患多；(3)顶锚索支护一般采用非防爆农用车，车载单臂钻机进行打孔支护，同样存在劳动强度大，安全隐患多的问题；(4)由于顶锚杆、帮锚杆、顶锚索三项支护工序需要分阶段断续完成，因此，对于地质条件较差的连掘工作面帮锚杆、顶锚索难于得到及时支护，常有煤帮片帮，顶板冒顶等事故发生。
由此可见，上述现有的连掘工作面锚杆锚索支护，在设备及方法上显然仍存在有不便与缺陷，而亟待加以进一步改进。如何能创设一种用人少、支护效率高、安全有保障，新的全机械化的连掘工作面锚杆锚索支护工艺与装备,成为当前业界急需改进的目标。
发明内容
本发明为连采机双巷掘进工作面提供一种用人少、支护效率高、安全有保障的全机械化的锚杆锚索支护工艺。
为达到上述目的，本发明采用如下技术方案：
一种连掘工作面锚杆锚索支护工艺与装备，以四臂顶锚杆钻车为前车，六臂帮锚杆顶锚索钻车为后车，两台车前后排列平行作业；所述四臂顶锚杆钻车，四台锚杆钻机组成顶锚杆钻机组，朝向顶板，用于巷道顶锚杆支护；所述六臂帮锚杆顶锚索钻车，前、后部各布置二台帮锚杆钻机，呈工作台上的四个角各布置一台帮锚杆钻机，组成帮锚杆钻机组，朝向煤帮，用于巷道两帮的锚杆支护；所述六臂帮锚杆顶锚索钻车的中部布置二台顶锚索钻机，组成顶锚索钻机组，朝向顶板，用于顶锚索补强支护。
进一步地，前车每行走8步完成顶锚杆支护顺序的为1排、2排、3排、4排、5排、6排、7排、8排；后车每行走4步完成帮锚杆支护顺序的为1、5排；2、6排；3、7排；4、8排；在巷道顶板条件好的情况下，所述前车可一次性行走8的倍数16步；而此时所述后车行走8 步，支护顺序为1、5排；2、6排；3、7排；4、8排；9、13排；10、14排；11、15排；12、16排。
进一步地，采用“两车N排”作业法，两车的排距相同(1m左右)，所述的N排，可以是8排或16排；N为8以上的自然数全在本案保护范围内；N的具体定值由使用者可根据顶板稳定情况而确定。
进一步地,N排为一个作业循环，一个作业循环的支护作业完成后，前、后车与另一条巷道的连续采煤机交换位置，进入另一已掘好巷道进行下一个锚杆锚索支护循环作业。
进一步地，每走一步，所述前车的四台锚杆钻机可同时工作完成四个顶锚杆的支护；或每走一步，分两次进行支护，四台锚杆钻机先同时工作完成四个顶锚杆的支护，然后，两侧的锚杆钻机通过滑移箱体的滑动，各向外拉伸，再完成靠近煤帮的两个顶锚杆支护，共完成一排6个顶锚杆的支护。
进一步地，所述后车的四台帮锚杆钻机，呈前、后部各布置两台，前、后帮锚杆钻机的中心距可作调整，调整范围为3.8m～4.2m，每台帮锚杆钻机可通过滑移箱体与固定连接体的导向摩擦副做上下升降，最大升降高度为1m；帮锚杆钻机还可通过滑移箱体中的滑动滑箱体相对固定滑箱体可向外滑动0.5m，以满足不同巷道宽度的帮锚杆支护要求；每台帮锚杆钻机，自身可上下升降1m，工作台又可带动帮锚杆钻机上下升降1m，这样每台帮锚杆机从最低高度到最高高度即可升降2m；在2m的升降高度范围内每台帮锚杆机可进行3根帮锚杆的水平支护；若帮锚杆钻机向上或向下旋转一定角度，也可完成4根帮锚杆的支护任务，因此，四台帮锚杆钻机可在后车每前进一步时完成二排共12～16根帮锚杆的支护任务；
进一步地，所述后车中间位置布置的二台顶锚索钻机，滑移箱体结构由一个固定滑箱体和两个滑动滑箱体组成，滑动滑箱体相对固定滑箱体可分别向外滑移0.5m；固定于滑动滑箱体上的二台顶锚索钻机朝向顶板，用于顶锚索补强支护。
通过采用上述技术方案，本发明至少具有以下有益效果：
1、本发明涉及的六臂帮锚杆顶锚索钻车，使连掘巷道的锚杆锚索支护由半机械化作业变为全机械化作业，为“二车N排”作业法支护工艺提供了基础装备，通过前、后车平行作业的“二车N排”作业法支护工艺，实现了顶锚杆、帮锚杆、顶锚索三项工序的一次性机械化支护。
2、用工人数大幅减少：目前现行的断续完成二帮锚杆支护工作，所需人员分别为左右帮各3人，锚索支护所需3人，三个作业点共需9人；而新研发的六臂帮锚杆顶锚索钻车仅需4人操作，用工人数不及原来的一半。
3、支护效率大幅提高：本发明涉及的六臂帮锚杆顶锚索进行帮锚杆及顶锚索支护时，支护效率与人工手持单臂煤电钻作业比较支护效率提高50％以上。
4、安全进一步得到保障：帮锚杆支护无需搭脚手架在巷道高处作业；顶锚索支护无需采用非防爆农用车车载单臂钻机进行打孔支护；对于地质条件较差的连掘工作面帮锚杆、顶锚索得到及时支护，将避免煤帮片帮，顶板冒顶等事故的发生。
附图说明
为了能更清楚了解本发明的技术手段，结合附图与具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细说明。
图1为现有连掘工作面施工工艺，图1a为四臂顶锚杆钻车3.1在右侧巷道进行顶锚杆支护，连采机3.3在左侧巷道掘进；图1b为设备进入另一循环后交换位置继续进行各自工作；
图2为本发明连掘工作面施工工艺；图2a为四臂顶锚杆钻车3.1、六臂帮锚杆顶锚索钻车3.2在右侧巷道进行顶锚杆、帮锚杆、顶锚索支护，连采机3.3在左侧巷道掘进；1b为设备进入另一循环后交换位置继续进行各自工作；
图3为本发明所涉及的四臂顶锚杆钻车(前车)主视图；
图4为本发明所涉及的六臂帮锚杆顶锚索钻车(后车)帮锚杆支护状态主视图；
图5为图4的俯视图；
图6为本发明所涉及的四臂顶锚杆钻车(前车)顶锚杆支护布局图；
图7为本发明所涉及的六臂帮锚杆顶锚索钻车(后车)左帮锚杆、顶锚索、右帮锚杆布局图；
图8为本发明实施例的一种矿用四臂锚杆钻车主视图；
图9为图8的俯视图；
图10为垂直升降机构示意图；
图11为平移滑箱体、临时支护油缸示意图；
图12为工作平台组件、顶棚组件、料斗组件示意图；
图13为图12的左视图；
图14为除尘系统示意图；
图15是本发明实施例的一种矿用六臂锚杆锚索钻车结构示意图；
图16为图1的俯视图；
图17为垂直升降机构示意图；
图18为工作平台示意图；
图19前平移滑箱体、四台钻机水平状态示意图；
图20为前平移滑箱体、二台钻机水平状态，二台旋转90°呈垂直状态示意图；
图21为后平移滑箱体、二台钻机水平状态示意图；
图22为后平移滑箱体、二台钻机旋转90°呈垂直状态示意图；
图23为四台钻机进行顶锚索支护状态示意图；
图24为图3的俯视图；
图25为本发明所涉及的四臂顶锚杆钻车(前车)顶锚杆支护布局图。
图中：1、履带行走本体部；2、锚杆支护工作部；3、升降油缸；4、导向柱；5、导向套1.1、液压动力系统；1.2除尘箱组件；1.3、电气系统；1.4、冷却系统；1.5、卷电缆系统；1.6、消音器箱；1.7、除尘动力装置；2.1、工作平台；2.1.1、固定平台；2.1.2、脚踏板；2.1.3、翻转油缸；2.2—平移滑箱体；2.2.1、固定滑箱体；2.2.2、滑动滑箱体；2.3、四台锚杆钻机；2.4、料斗组件；2.4.1、料斗支撑架；2.4.2、主料斗；2.4.3、副料斗；2.5、临时支护油缸；2.5.1、上支撑油缸；2.5.2、下支撑油缸；2.6、旋流器组件；2.7、顶棚组件；2.7.1、升降套筒；2.7.2、顶棚升降油缸；2.7.3、顶棚；2.7.4、伸缩梁2.7.5、伸缩油缸；
2.2.3—前耐磨铜条；2.3.0—后平移滑箱体；2.3.1—后固定滑箱体；2.3.2—后滑动滑箱体；2.3.3—后耐磨铜条；2.4—料斗组件；2.6.0—调整油缸；
3.1、四臂顶锚杆钻车；3.2、六臂帮锚杆顶锚索钻车；3.3、连采机；3.4、梭车；3.5、给料破碎机；3.6、皮带运输机；3.7、铲车；3.8、已支护好的帮锚杆；3.9、顶锚杆钻机；3.10、前部钻机；3.11、后部钻机；3.12、顶锚索钻机；
4.10、上部钻机；4.11、下部钻机。
具体实施方式
需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。下面将参考附图并结合实施例来详细说明本发明。
需要注意的是，这里所使用的术语仅是为了描述具体实施方式，而非意图限制根据本申请的示例性实施方式。如在这里所使用的，除非上下文另外明确指出，否则单数形式也意图包括复数形式，此外，还应当理解的是，当在本说明书中使用术语“包含”和/或“包括”时，其指明存在特征、步骤、操作、器件、组件和/或它们的组合。
需要说明的是，本申请的说明书和权利要求书及附图中的术语“第一”、“第二”等是用于区别类似的对象，而不必用于描述特定的顺序或先后次序。应该理解这样使用的术语在适当情况下可以互换，以便这里描述的本申请的实施方式例如能够以除了在这里图示或描述的那些以外的顺序实施。此外，术语“包括”和“具有”以及他们的任何变形，意图在于覆盖 不排他的包含，例如，包含了一系列步骤或单元的过程、方法、系统、产品或设备不必限于清楚地列出的那些步骤或单元，而是可包括没有清楚地列出的或对于这些过程、方法、产品或设备固有的其它步骤或单元。
为了便于描述，在这里可以使用空间相对术语，如“在……之上”、“在……上方”、“在……上表面”、“上面的”等，用来描述如在图中所示的一个器件或特征与其他器件或特征的空间位置关系。应当理解的是，空间相对术语旨在包含除了器件在图中所描述的方位之外的在使用或操作中的不同方位。例如，如果附图中的器件被倒置，则描述为“在其他器件或构造上方”或“在其他器件或构造之上”的器件之后将被定位为“在其他器件或构造下方”或“在其他器件或构造之下”。因而，示例性术语“在……上方”可以包括“在……上方”和“在……下方”两种方位。该器件也可以其他不同方式定位(旋转90度或处于其他方位)，并且对这里所使用的空间相对描述作出相应解释。
现在，将参照附图更详细地描述根据本申请的示例性实施方式。然而，这些示例性实施方式可以由多种不同的形式来实施，并且不应当被解释为只限于这里所阐述的实施方式。应当理解的是，提供这些实施方式是为了使得本申请的公开彻底且完整，并且将这些示例性实施方式的构思充分传达给本领域普通技术人员，在附图中，为了清楚起见，有可能扩大了层和区域的厚度，并且使用相同的附图标记表示相同的器件，因而将省略对它们的描述。
如图1所示，连掘工作面现有施工工艺所用设备由四臂顶锚杆钻车3.1、连采机3.3、梭车3.4、给料破碎机3.5、皮带运输机3.6、铲车3.7组成；图1a为四臂顶锚杆钻车3.1在右侧巷道进行顶锚杆支护，连采机3.3在左侧巷道进行掘进；图1b为四臂顶锚杆钻车3.1与连采机3.3交换位置后继续完成各自工作；如图2所示，本发明所涉及的一种连掘工作面锚杆锚索支护工艺，是在现有施工工艺所用设备基础上增加了六臂帮锚杆顶锚索钻车3.2而形成的一种新型支护工艺；本发明的新型支护工艺与连掘工作面连采机3.3、梭车3.4等设备配套使用，将会使连掘工作面掘进效率大幅提高。
如图2所示，两台不同功能的钻车呈前后排列，四臂顶锚杆钻车3.1为前车，主要进行顶锚杆支护；六臂帮锚杆顶锚索钻车3.2为后车，主要进行帮锚杆与顶锚索支护；前、后车平行作业。
如图3所示，所述前车(四臂顶锚杆钻车3.1)的四台顶锚杆钻机3.9呈“一”字形布置，钻臂朝向顶板；四台顶锚杆钻机3.9可同时工作，完成四个顶锚杆的支护，也可以分两次进行支护，即四台顶锚杆钻机3.9先同时工作完成四个顶锚杆的支护，然后，两侧的顶锚杆钻机通9过伸缩装置各向外拉伸，再完成靠近煤帮的两个顶锚杆支护，共完成一排6根顶锚杆的支护任务。
如图4、5、7所示，所述后车前、后共布置四台钻机，前、后各两台呈水平布置在工作台上(前部钻机3.10、后部钻机3.11)，各自朝向巷道两侧煤帮；四台钻机可自身升降1m，工作台也可升降1m，因此，在钻机升降2m及旋转一定角度范围内，每台钻机在车辆每行走 一步可完成3～4根帮锚杆的支护任务，四台帮锚杆钻机可完成二排12～16根帮锚杆的支护任务。
如图4、5所示，所述后车中部布置二台顶锚索钻机3.12，顶锚索钻机固定在滑移箱体上，滑移箱体由一个固定滑箱体和两个滑动滑箱体组成，滑动滑箱体相对固定滑箱体可分别向外滑移0.5m；固定于滑动滑箱体上的二台顶锚索钻机朝向顶板，用于顶锚索补强支护。其中，图中的3.8为已支护好的帮锚杆。
如图2a所示，所述的前车与后车相互配合，前车每行走8步完成顶锚杆支护顺序的为1排、2排、3排、4排、5排、6排、7排、8排；后车每行走4步完成帮锚杆支护顺序的为1、5排；2、6排；3、7排；4、8排；在排距为约1m的情况下，一般8m为一个作业循环。
如图2b所示，上述完成一个作业循环后，前车、后车与连采机3.3交换位置继续进行各自的工作。
如图6、7所示，所述前车的行走顺序为1步、2步、3步…8步；而后车的行走顺序为第一步支护1、5排的帮锚杆，第二步支护2、6排的帮锚杆，第三步支护3、7排的帮锚杆，第四步支护4、8排的帮锚杆。后车完成帮锚杆的支护后，在时间充足的条件下，还需完成1.5排、3.5排、5.5排、7.5排共8根顶锚索的补强支护。
如图6、7所示，上述前车、后车支护工艺统称为“二车八步”法支护工艺，可实现了顶锚杆、帮锚杆、顶锚索三项工序的一次性完成。
如图6、7所示，所述的“二车八排”法支护工艺，不限于前后车行走八步为一个帮锚杆支护循环，根据巷道顶板的稳定情况，在顶板特别好的地质条件下，也可采用“二车N排”法支护工艺。
如图2、3所示，所述的前车除具有顶锚杆支护功能外，还具有顶锚索支护功能，当后车由于地质条件要求支护的帮锚杆、顶锚索数量较多时，后车的工作量要大于前车工作量，此时，前车可帮助后车进行顶锚索的支护，以保证前、后车在接近100％时间内平行作业。
本发明在新研发的六臂帮锚杆顶锚索钻车的基础上，通过前、后车平行作业的“二车N排”作业法支护工艺，实现了顶锚杆、帮锚杆、顶锚索三项工序的一次性机械化支护，特别是实现了帮锚杆与顶锚索的及时支护，消除了煤帮片帮及顶板塌落等不安全因素的发生。
如图8、10所示，本发明的一种矿用四臂锚杆钻车，包括履带行走本体部1和锚杆支护工作部2，两部分通过一对导向柱4与导向套5组成的滑动摩擦副，在升降油缸3的驱动下，以履带行走本体部1为支点推动锚杆支护工作部2垂直上升或下降，以满足锚杆支护工作部在不同高度的工作需要。上述垂直升降结构也可用于六臂锚杆钻车。
如图8、9、14所示，履带行走本体部1，包括履带架和本体架，在履带行走本体部1的本体架上安装有液压动力系统1.1、除尘箱组件1.2、电气系统1.3、冷却系统1.4、卷电缆系 统1.5、消音器箱1.6和除尘动力装置1.7；锚杆支护工作部2包括工作平台2.1、平移滑箱体2.2、四台锚杆钻机2.3、料斗组件2.4、临时支护油缸2.5、旋流器组件2.6、顶棚组件2.7。
如图8、13所示，所述锚杆支护工作部2的工作平台2.1的固定平台2.1.1两侧铰接有脚踏板2.1.2，固定平台2.1.1与脚踏板2.1.2之间安装有翻转油缸2.1.3，脚踏板2.1.2的翻转动力为翻转油缸2.1.3，工作时脚踏板放平呈水平状态，以保证操作者进入两边煤帮附近工作；行走时脚踏板收起呈垂直状态，以保证行走时机身处于最窄状态。
如图8、11所示，所述的锚杆支护工作部2的平移滑箱体2.2包括固定滑箱体2.2.1与滑动连接在固定滑箱体2.2.1两侧的滑动滑箱体2.2.2，滑动滑箱体2.2.2外表面固定有耐磨铜条与固定滑箱体2.2.1内表面形成矩形滑动摩擦副，且所述矩形滑动摩擦副的间隙可调节，以补偿两者磨损后出现新的间隙。所述的锚杆支护工作部2的临时支护油缸2.5，通过平键与螺栓固定于平移滑箱体2.2的前部两侧，由二根上支撑油缸2.5.1和二根下支撑油缸2.5.2组成，使顶板给于钻车的反作用力通过上下支撑油缸直接传递到底板上。临时支护油缸2.5对顶板实施有效支撑是对操作者的安全保护，但顶板对钻车的反作用力不能传递到钻车其它部件上，否则钻车容易发生倾斜，造成安全隐患。
如图8、9、11所示，所述的锚杆支护工作部2的四台锚杆钻机2.3固定在平移滑箱体2.2上，其中，中间两台锚杆钻机固定在平移滑箱体2.2的固定滑箱体上2.2.1；两边两台锚杆钻机分别固定在两侧的滑动滑箱体2.2.2上，两侧的滑动滑箱体2.2.2带动两台锚杆钻机可向两侧延伸1.35m，以保证顶锚杆不同间距要求。四台锚杆钻机均通过左右旋转和前后倾斜油缸与平移滑箱体2.2连接，都具有左右旋转和前后倾斜功能，主要为保证复杂地质条件下和钻车倾斜时，锚钻孔始终垂直于顶板。
如图8、13所示，所述的锚杆支护工作部2的料斗组件2.4，由料斗支撑架2.4.1、主料斗2.4.2和副料斗2.4.3组成，料斗支撑架2.4.1安装在工作平台2.1上，主料斗2.4.2和副料斗2.4.3呈上下布置在料斗支撑架2.4.1上，左右各一组；副料斗2.4.3离地距离1.5m-2.5m，优选最低高度1.5m，便于上料，而后再将副料斗2.4.3上的物料二次倒换到主料斗2.4.2上，也可作为主料斗2.4.2放置物料的补充。
如图13、14所示，所述的锚杆支护工作部2的工作平台2.1的上平面安装有顶棚组件2.7，顶棚高度可根据人的身体高度调节升降套筒2.7.1，由顶棚升降油缸2.7.2提供动力；在顶棚2.7.3的两侧分别有伸缩梁2.7.4，由伸缩油缸2.7.5提供动力控制伸缩梁2.7.4的伸出与缩回，钻车行走时伸缩梁缩回，钻车工作时伸缩梁伸出。
如图10所示，所述的锚杆钻车的履带行走本体部1上安装有冷却系统1.4，其冷却形式为风冷，现有的进口同类型锚杆钻车液压动力系统冷却为自然冷却，实际使用时液压油温较高，对主要液压元件使用寿命及各密封环节影响较大，本发明增加风冷系统将会使液压油温平衡在最理想的温度上。
如图8、9、14所示，所述的锚杆钻车除尘系统，包括除尘动力装置1.7四台(本实施例采用负压风机)、除尘箱组件1.2二台、旋流器组件2.6四台、消音器箱1.6一个，消音器箱 1.6内装有八个消音器；除尘箱组件1.2包括第一腔体及第二腔体，两腔体间设置有过滤装置(本实施例采用滤芯)，旋流器组件2.6与除尘箱组件1.2的第一腔体通过管道连通；除尘动力装置1.7的吸风口与第二腔体通过法兰连接，出风口通过管道与消音器连接。锚杆钻机2.3打孔所产生的粉尘在除尘动力装置1.7的负压风机作用下，先通过旋流器将大块颗粒落下，为一级除尘；再经除尘箱的箱体迷宫将较细粉尘落入除尘箱第一腔体，为二级除尘；再经滤芯过滤将更细粉尘落入除尘箱第二腔体中，为三级除尘，每台除尘动力装置1.7的负压风机上接两个消音器，工作噪音将比现有进口锚杆钻车得到大幅改善。
如图10所示，所述的卷电缆系统1.5采用直径1.35m的超大直径滚筒，规格为252mm电缆可卷长度250m，比现有进口锚杆钻车可卷长度增加50m。
综上所述，本发明的矿用锚杆钻车创新设计了锚杆支护工作部的可垂直升降机构，使最终执行机构四台锚杆钻机的最低工作高度大大降低，拓宽了锚杆钻机的适应范围；整体采用紧凑型设计，使整机宽度与进口同类设备比较缩减了500mm，增加了两侧行人空间；液压动力系统增加了风冷却系统，使液压油温控制在合理范围内，尤其适用于连采机双巷掘进工作面。
根据本发明的另一个实施例，如图15、16、17所示，本发明的一种矿用六臂锚杆锚索钻车，包括履带行走本体部1和锚杆锚索支护工作部2，锚杆锚索支护工作部2包括工作平台2.1及六台钻机2.4；工作平台2.1通过由导向柱4与导向套5组成的滑动摩擦副连接，且履带行走本体部1和工作平台2.1之间安装有4根升降油缸3，在4根升降油缸3的驱动下，以履带行走本体部1为支点推动锚杆锚索支护工作部2垂直上升或下降，以满足锚杆锚索支护工作部在不同高度的工作需要。上述设置省去了四连杆机构的连杆占用空间，使锚杆锚索支护工作部2紧贴履带行走本体部1，极大降低了六台钻机的最低工作高度，增加了产品的适应范围。
如图15、16所示，所述的履带行走本体部1包括履带架及本体架，在本体架上安装有液压动力系统1.1、电气系统1.3、冷却系统1.4和卷电缆系统1.5等固定设施。所述的锚杆锚索支护工作部2包括工作平台2.1、前平移滑箱体2.2、后平移滑箱体2.3.0、六台钻机2.4、料斗组件2.4、调整油缸2.6.0。
如图18所示，所述的锚杆锚索支护工作部2的工作平台2.1的固定平台2.1.1两侧铰接有脚踏板2.1.2，固定平台2.1.1与脚踏板2.1.2之间安装有翻转油缸2.1.3，脚踏板的翻转动力由脚踏板翻转油缸2.1.3提供，工作时脚踏板2.1.2放平呈水平状态，以保证操作者进入两边煤帮附近工作；行走时脚踏板2.1.2收起呈垂直状态，以保证行走时机身处于最窄状态。
如图19、20所示，所述的锚杆锚索支护工作部2的前平移滑箱体2.2包括前固定滑箱体2.2.1与滑动连接在前固定滑箱体2.2.1两侧的前滑动滑箱体2.2.2，可向两侧平移滑动。前滑动滑箱体2.2.2外表面固定有前耐磨铜条2.2.3，与前固定滑箱体2.2.1内表面形成矩形滑动摩擦副，两者的间隙可以调节，以补偿两者磨损后出现新的间隙；前平移滑箱体2.2包括一个前固定滑箱体2.2.1和四个前滑动滑箱体2.2.2；每侧两个滑动滑箱体2.2.2呈上下布置，四台钻 机2.4分别安装在四个前滑动滑箱体2.2.2上。如图21、图22所示，后平移滑箱体2.3.0包括一个后固定滑箱体2.3.1和连接在其两侧的两个后滑动滑箱体2.3.2，可向两侧平移滑动；两台钻机2.4分别安装在两个后滑动滑箱体2.3.2上。每台钻机2.4都能向两边平移滑动﹥0.95m，以保证钻机在不同的工作定位点工作。
如图19、20所示，所述的前平移滑箱体2.2上安装的四台钻机2.4，每侧两台，钻孔方向朝两侧煤壁；每台钻机2.4均通过旋转油缸安装在对应的滑动滑箱体上，都具有上下旋转功能，以准确定位钻孔位置；其中位于下面的钻机2.4可以水平方向为基准可向下旋转角度25°，向上旋转5°，以保证煤帮最下面一根帮锚杆的有效支护和锚杆孔钻孔位置的微调；位于上面的钻机2.4可以水平方向为基准向下旋转角度5°，向上旋转﹥95°以保证锚杆孔钻孔位置的微调和钻杆垂直于顶板进行顶锚索的支护。
如图21、22所示，所述的后平移滑箱体2.3.0上安装有两台钻机2.4，每侧一台，钻孔方向朝向顶板；每台钻机2.4都具有左右旋转功能，以垂直方向为基准向中部方向旋转5°，向外侧方向旋转﹥95°，以保证帮助前平移滑箱体上安装的钻机进行帮锚杆支护。
如图19、23所示，所述锚杆锚索支护工作部2的前、后各安装有前后平移滑箱体2.2和2.3，前平移滑箱体2.2上安装的四台钻机2.4组成帮锚杆钻机组，可一次性完成四根帮锚杆的支护任务。所述前平移滑箱体2.2上安装的四台钻机2.4的其中二台钻机可旋转100°钻孔朝向顶板，与后平移滑箱体2.3.0上安装的另外两台钻机2.4组成顶锚索钻机组，可一次性完成四根锚索的支护任务。
如图15、23所示，所述的锚杆锚索支护工作部2的前、后平移滑箱体的间距，可通过调整油缸2.6.0进行调节，调整油缸2.6.0推动或拉动后平移滑箱体2.3.0使其相对前平移滑箱体2.2出现位移，调整范围为1.9m～2.1m；主要用于不同顶锚索支护的排间距要求。
如图15所示，所述的锚杆钻车的履带行走部1上安装有冷却系统1.4，其冷却形式为风冷；主要目的为降低液压动力系统的油温，使液压动力系统油温控制在合理范围内。
综上所述，本发明的矿用六臂锚杆锚索钻车，最终执行机构由六台锚杆锚索钻机组成。在所述锚杆锚索支护工作部的前、后各安装有平移滑箱体，前平移滑箱体上安装的四台钻机组成“帮锚杆钻机组”可一次性完成四根帮锚杆的支护任务；所述前平移滑箱体上安装的四台钻机的其中二台钻机可旋转100°与后平移滑箱体上安装的另外两台钻机组成“顶锚索钻机组”可一次性完成四根锚索的支护任务。本发明的矿用六臂锚杆锚索钻车，使国内目前巷道掘进时的帮锚杆、顶锚索支护实现了由半机械化到全机械化作业的跨越。另外，本发明的矿用六臂锚杆锚索钻车，包括履带行走本体部、锚杆锚索支护工作部及升降油缸；所述的升降油缸用于提供驱动力，以履带行走本体部为支点推动锚杆锚索支护工作部垂直上升或下降，以满足锚杆锚索支护工作部在不同高度的工作需要，适应范围广。
根据本发明的另一个实施例，如图1所示，连掘工作面现有施工工艺所用设备由四臂顶锚杆钻车3.1、连采机3.3、梭车3.4、给料破碎机3.5、皮带运输机3.6、铲车3.7组成；图1a为四臂顶锚杆钻车3.1在右侧巷道进行顶锚杆支护，连采机3.3在左侧巷道进行掘进；图1b 为四臂顶锚杆钻车3.1与连采机3.3交换位置后继续完成各自工作；如图2所示，本发明所涉及的一种连掘工作面锚杆锚索支护工艺，是在现有施工工艺所用设备基础上增加了六臂帮锚杆顶锚索钻车3.2而形成的一种新型支护工艺；本发明的新型支护工艺与连掘工作面连采机3.3、梭车3.4等设备配套使用，将会使连掘工作面掘进效率大幅提高。
如图2所示，两台不同功能的钻车呈前后排列，四臂顶锚杆钻车3.1为前车，主要进行顶锚杆支护；六臂帮锚杆顶锚索钻车3.2为后车，主要进行帮锚杆与顶锚索支护；前、后车平行作业。
如图3、24所示，所述前车(四臂顶锚杆钻车3.1)的四台顶锚杆钻机3.9呈“一”字形布置，钻臂朝向顶板；四台顶锚杆钻机3.9可同时工作，完成四个顶锚杆的支护，也可以分两次进行支护，即四台顶锚杆钻机3.9先同时工作完成四个顶锚杆的支护，然后，两侧的顶锚杆钻机通9过伸缩装置各向外拉伸，再完成靠近煤帮的两个顶锚杆支护，共完成一排6根顶锚杆的支护任务。
如图15、16所示，所述后车前部布置四台钻机，左右各两个呈上下水平布置(上部钻机4.10、下部钻机4.11)，各自朝向巷道两侧煤帮；四台钻机同时工作可一次性完成左右两帮一排共4根(每帮2根)帮锚杆的支护任务；所述后车前部的四台钻机，工作时根据帮锚杆间距可偏转一定角度进行帮锚杆支护，四台锚杆钻机也可分两次进行支护，共完成一排6～8根、每帮3～4根帮锚杆的支护任务。
如图15、16、23所示，所述后车(六臂帮锚杆顶锚索钻车3.2)呈上下水平布置钻机中的上部钻机4.10可向上旋转90°呈垂直状态朝向顶板，与后部安装的另外两个垂直朝向顶板的顶锚索钻机12组成一组顶锚索钻机组，可一次性完成2排共4根锚索的支护任务，安装于后车后部的顶锚索钻机12也可转向水平位置进行帮锚杆支护。
如图2a所示，所述的前车与后车相互配合每行进一步，各自完成一排顶锚杆和帮锚杆支护任务；前车、后车走完八步则完成8排(约八米)顶锚杆与帮锚杆的支护任务，八米为一个作业循环。
如图2b所示，上述完成一个作业循环后，前车、后车与连采机3.3交换位置继续进行各自的工作。
如图25所示，所述前车的行走顺序为1步、2步、3步…8步；而后车的行走顺序为1步、2步、3步、3.5步、4步、5步、6步、7步、7.5步、8步；后车需行走至第3步及第7步时再向前行走0.5步，完成1.5排、3.5排、5.5排、7.7排共8根顶锚索的补强支护。
如图25、7所示，上述前车、后车支护工艺统称为“二车八步”法支护工艺，可实现了顶锚杆、帮锚杆、顶锚索三项工序的一次性完成。
如图25、7所示，所述的“二车八步”法支护工艺，不限于前后车行走八步为一个锚杆、锚索支护循环，根据巷道顶板的稳定情况，也可采用“二车N步”法支护工艺。
如图2、3、4所示，所述的前车除具有顶锚杆支护功能外，还具有顶锚索支护功能，当后车由于地质条件要求支护的帮锚杆数量较多时，后车的工作量要大于前车工作量，此时，前车可帮助后车进行顶锚索的支护，以保证前、后车在接近100％时间内平行作业。
本发明在新研发的六臂帮锚杆顶锚索钻车的基础上，通过前、后车平行作业的“二车N步”法支护工艺，实现了顶锚杆、帮锚杆、顶锚索三项工序的一次性机械化支护，特别是实现了帮锚杆与顶锚索的及时支护，消除了煤帮片帮及顶板塌落等不安全因素的发生。
以上所述，仅是本发明的较佳实施例而已，并非对本发明作任何形式上的限制，本领域技术人员利用上述揭示的技术内容做出些许简单修改、等同变化或修饰，均落在本发明的保护范围内。
除上述以外，还需要说明的是在本说明书中所谈到的“一个实施例”、“另一个实施例”、“实施例”等，指的是结合该实施例描述的具体特征、结构或者特点包括在本申请概括性描述的至少一个实施例中。在说明书中多个地方出现同种表述不是一定指的是同一个实施例。进一步来说，结合任一实施例描述一个具体特征、结构或者特点时，所要主张的是结合其他实施例来实现这种特征、结构或者特点也落在本发明的范围内。
在上述实施例中，对各个实施例的描述都各有侧重，某个实施例中没有详述的部分，可以参见其他实施例的相关描述。
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本发明，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本发明可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (22)

  1. 一种连掘工作面锚杆锚索支护工艺与装备，其特征在于，
    以四臂顶锚杆钻车为前车，六臂帮锚杆顶锚索钻车为后车，两台车前后排列、平行作业；所述四臂顶锚杆钻车的四台锚杆钻机组成顶锚杆钻机组，朝向顶板，主要完成顶锚杆支护；
    所述六臂帮锚杆顶锚索钻车前部布置二台钻机，左右各一台；间隔距离为L，其中，3.8m≤L≤4.2m，再布置二台钻机，左右各一台；前、后共四台钻机组成帮锚杆支护组，朝向巷道左右两帮，主要完成两帮锚杆支护；前、后帮锚杆钻机的中间布置二台顶锚索钻机组成顶锚索钻机组，朝向顶板，主要完成顶锚索补强支护。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的连掘工作面锚杆锚索支护工艺与装备，其特征在于，所述前车每行走8步完成顶锚杆支护顺序的为1排、2排、3排、4排、5排、6排、7排、8排；所述后车每行走4步完成帮锚杆支护顺序的为1、5排；2、6排；3、7排；4、8排。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的连掘工作面锚杆锚索支护工艺与装备，其特征在于，每支护八排可作为一个支护循环，若锚杆支护排距为1m时，在巷道顶板稳定地质条件下，连续采煤机切割煤炭距离为8m，未支护空顶距离小于10m，作为一个切割循环，与一个支护循环相吻合。
  4. 根据权利要求2或3所述的连掘工作面锚杆锚索支护工艺与装备，其特征在于，后车在一个循环内行走步数是前车的一半，且围岩性质为煤，一个循环内帮锚杆支护先行完成，后车在等待前车进行顶锚杆支护时，可根据时间进行多排顶锚索补强支护作业，当前车顶锚杆支护完成后，后车立刻停止作业，来不及支护的补强锚索可在检修班补充完成，此时前车、后车一起与另一条巷道的连续采煤机交换位置，进入另一已掘好巷道进行下一个锚杆锚索支护循环作业。
  5. 根据权利要求书1所述的连掘工作面锚杆锚索支护工艺与装备，所述前车包括履带行走本体部和锚杆支护工作部，所述锚杆支护工作部包括工作平台及与工作平台连接的四台锚杆钻机；其特征在于，所述履带行走本体部和工作平台通过由导向柱与导向套组成的滑动摩擦副连接，且所述履带行走本体部和工作平台之间安装有升降油缸；在所述升降油缸的驱动下，可以履带行走本体部为支点推动锚杆支护工作部垂直上升或下降。
  6. 根据权利要求1或5所述的连掘工作面锚杆锚索支护工艺与装备，其特征在于，锚杆支护工作部还包括平移滑箱体；所述平移滑箱体包括与工作平台固定连接的固定滑箱体及滑动连接在固定滑箱体两侧的滑动滑箱体；中间两台锚杆钻机固定在固定滑箱体上，另外两台锚杆钻机分别固定在两侧的滑动滑箱体上，滑动滑箱体相对于固定滑箱体可向外滑动1.35m以保证顶锚杆可具有不同间距的要求。
  7. 根据权利要求1、5、6中任一项所述的连掘工作面锚杆锚索支护工艺与装备，其特征在于，所述四臂顶锚杆钻车整车宽度为2.7m。
  8. 根据权利要求1、5、6、7中任一项所述的连掘工作面锚杆锚索支护工艺与装备，其特征在于，所述前车固定在平移滑箱体上的四台锚杆钻机朝向顶板，均可通过左右旋转和前后倾斜油缸，实现钻机的左右旋转和前后倾斜，使钻杆在多自由度微调下，保证钻孔位置的准确性。
  9. 根据权利要求书1所述的连掘工作面锚杆锚索支护工艺与装备，其特征在于，所述后车包括履带行走本体部和锚杆锚索支护工作部，所述锚杆锚索支护工作部包括可升降的工作平台及六台锚杆钻机，六台锚杆钻机均连接在平移滑箱体上；平移滑箱体包括与工作平台连接的固定滑箱体及滑动连接在固定滑箱体两侧的滑动滑箱体，六台锚杆钻机均固定在滑动滑箱体上。
  10. 根据权利要求书9所述的连掘工作面锚杆锚索支护工艺与装备，其特征在于，前部滑移箱体是通过一个固定连接体与工作平台连接的，滑移箱体可通过一个导向摩擦副相对于固定连接体作上下升降，升降动力为升降油缸，最大升降高度为1m；前部滑移箱体为二个，布置在固定连接体的两侧，滑移箱体中的滑动滑箱体相对固定滑箱体可向外滑动0.5m；后部滑移箱体固定方式及结构参数与前部滑移箱体的结构参数等同。
  11. 根据权利要求书9或10所述的连掘工作面锚杆锚索支护工艺与装备，其特征在于，前、后固定连接体相对工作平台连接方式为圆柱导向滑移连接，在推移油缸作用下可作前后调整；前、后固定连接体的可调整性，使得滑移箱体以及所固定的前、后帮锚杆钻机中心距调整范围为3.8m～4.2m。
  12. 根据权利要求书9所述的连掘工作面锚杆锚索支护工艺与装备，其特征在于，所述后车中部布置的二台顶锚索钻机，滑移箱体结构由一个固定滑箱体和两个滑动滑箱体组成，滑动滑箱体相对固定滑箱体可分别向外滑移0.5m；固定于滑动滑箱体上的二台顶锚索钻机朝向顶板，用于顶锚索补强支护。
  13. 一种矿用锚杆钻车，包括履带行走本体部和锚杆支护工作部，所述锚杆支护工作部包括工作平台及与工作平台连接的锚杆钻机，其特征在于，所述履带行走本体部和工作平台通过由导向柱与导向套组成的滑动摩擦副连接，且所述履带行走本体部和工作平台之间安装有升降油缸；在所述升降油缸的驱动下，可以履带行走本体部为支点推动锚杆支护工作部垂直上升或下降；所述锚杆支护工作部还包括平移滑箱体；所述平移滑箱体包括与工作平台固定连接的固定滑箱体及滑动连接在固定滑箱体两侧的滑动滑箱体；
    所述锚杆钻机为四台，中间两台锚杆钻机固定在固定滑箱体上，另外两台锚杆钻机分别固定在两侧的滑动滑箱体上，滑动滑箱体相对于固定滑箱体可向外滑动1.35m,以保证顶锚杆不同间距的要求；所述滑动滑箱体外表面固定有耐磨铜条，与所述固定滑箱体内表面形成矩形滑动摩擦副，且所述矩形滑动摩擦副的间隙可调节。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的矿用锚杆钻车，其特征在于，所述锚杆钻机为顶锚杆钻机，每台锚杆钻机均通过左右旋转和前后倾斜油缸与平移滑箱体连接。
  15. 根据权利要求13所述的矿用锚杆钻车，其特征在于，所述锚杆支护工作部还包括临时支护油缸，所述临时支护油缸通过平键与螺栓固定于平移滑箱体的前部两侧，包括二根上支撑油缸和二根下支撑油缸。
  16. 一种矿用六臂锚杆锚索钻车，其特征在于，包括锚杆锚索支护工作部，所述锚杆锚索支护工作部包括可升降的工作平台及六台钻机，还包括连接在工作平台前、后的平移滑箱体；所述前、后平移滑箱体均包括与工作平台连接的固定滑箱体及滑动连接在固定滑箱体两侧的滑动滑箱体；
    其中，四台钻机安装在前平移滑箱体的滑动滑箱体上，每侧两台，钻孔方向朝两侧煤壁，组成帮锚杆钻机组；另外两台钻机安装在后平移滑箱体的滑动滑箱体上，每侧一台，钻孔方向朝向顶板，用于顶锚索支护；所述滑动滑箱体外表面固定有耐磨铜条，与固定滑箱体内表面形成矩形滑动摩擦副，滑动摩擦副的间隙可调；所述前平移滑箱体包括一个固定滑箱体和四个滑动滑箱体，每侧两个滑动滑箱体呈上下布置，每个滑动箱体上安装一台所述钻机。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的矿用六臂锚杆锚索钻车，其特征在于，所述前平移滑箱体上的四台钻机，其中上面的二台钻机可旋转100°，使钻孔方向朝向顶板与后平移滑箱体上安装的另外两台朝向顶板的钻机组成顶锚索钻机组。
  18. 一种连掘工作面锚杆锚索支护工艺，其特征在于，以四臂顶锚杆钻车为前车，六臂帮锚杆顶锚索钻车为后车，两台车前后排列平行作业；
    所述四臂顶锚杆钻车的四台锚杆钻机朝向顶板；
    所述六臂帮锚杆顶锚索钻车前部布置四台钻机，左右各两台，上下水平布置，各自朝向巷道两侧煤帮；
    所述六臂帮锚杆顶锚索钻车后部布置两台钻机，左右各一台，均垂直朝向顶板；所述前部左右呈上下水平布置的钻机中的上部钻机可向上旋转90°呈垂直状态朝向顶板，与后部安装的两个垂直朝向顶板的钻机组成一组顶锚索钻机组，采用两车N步法，两车的步长相同，N为大于3的正整数；
    所述前车每走一步完成一排顶锚杆支护任务，后车每走一步完成左右两帮帮锚杆的支护任务；且后车还需行走至第3步及第3+4n步时再向前行走0.5步，完成顶锚索的支护，n取0或正整数，且3+4n＜N，N步为一个循环，一个循环的支护作业完成后前、后车与另一巷的连续采煤机交换位置，进入另一已掘好巷道进行下一个锚杆锚索支护循环作业。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的连掘工作面锚杆锚索支护工艺，其特征在于，采用“二车八步”法；前车的行走顺序为1步、2步、3步、4步、5步、6步、7步、8步，完成8排顶锚杆的支护任务；而后车的行走顺序为1步、2步、3步、3.5步、4步、5步、6步、7步、7.5步、8步；后车除需完成8排的帮锚杆支护任务外，还需行走至第3步及第7步时再向前行走0.5步，完成1.5排、3.5排、5.5排、7.7排共8根顶锚索的补强支护。
  20. 根据权利要求18所述的连掘工作面锚杆锚索支护工艺，其特征在于，每走一步，所述前车的四台锚杆钻机可同时工作完成四个顶锚杆的支护；或每走一步，分两次进行支护，四台锚杆钻机先同时工作完成四个顶锚杆的支护，然后，两侧的锚杆钻机通过伸缩装置各向外拉伸，再完成靠近煤帮的两个顶锚杆支护，共完成一排6个顶锚杆的支护。
  21. 根据权利要求18所述的连掘工作面锚杆锚索支护工艺，其特征在于，所述后车前部的四台钻机，工作时根据帮锚杆间距可偏转一定角度进行帮锚杆支护，每走一步，四台锚杆钻机同时工作可一次性完成左右两帮一排共4根帮锚杆的支护任务；或每走一步，四台锚杆钻机分两次进行支护，共完成一排6～8根、每帮3～4根帮锚杆的支护任务。
  22. 根据权利要求22所述的连掘工作面锚杆锚索支护工艺，其特征在于，后车后部安装的顶锚索钻机也具有上下旋转功能，旋转成水平状态时可进行帮锚杆支护。
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