Classifications

• • G—PHYSICS
  • G02—OPTICS
  • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
  • G02B1/00—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
  • G02B1/10—Optical coatings produced by application to, or surface treatment of, optical elements
  • G02B1/14—Protective coatings, e.g. hard coatings
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C55/00—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor
  • B29C55/02—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of plates or sheets
  • B29C55/04—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of plates or sheets uniaxial, e.g. oblique
  • B29C55/06—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of plates or sheets uniaxial, e.g. oblique parallel with the direction of feed
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
  • B32B27/36—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
  • C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
  • C08J5/18—Manufacture of films or sheets
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G02—OPTICS
  • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
  • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
  • G02B5/30—Polarising elements
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G02—OPTICS
  • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
  • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
  • G02B5/30—Polarising elements
  • G02B5/3025—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state
  • G02B5/3033—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state in the form of a thin sheet or foil, e.g. Polaroid
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G02—OPTICS
  • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
  • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
  • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
  • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
  • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
  • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
  • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G02—OPTICS
  • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
  • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
  • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
  • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
  • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
  • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
  • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
  • G02F1/133528—Polarisers

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a polarizer protective film, a polarizing plate and a liquid crystal display.
• a liquid crystal display device is composed of a liquid crystal cell in which a transparent electrode, a liquid crystal layer, a color filter and the like are sandwiched by glass plates, and two polarizing plates provided on both sides thereof.
• the polarizer also referred to as a polarizing film
• two optical films for example, a polarizer protective film and a retardation film.
• the backlight of the LED has come to be used as a light source for thinning and increasing the size of the liquid crystal television screen, and furthermore, the thickness of the glass substrate used for the liquid crystal panel is thinner than 0.7 mm.
• the generation mechanism of display unevenness is mainly caused by the shrinkage of the polarizer, and when the polarizer is placed under high temperature and high humidity, the shrinkage force in the orientation direction is intended to ease the orientation. As a result, it is considered that display unevenness occurs when the liquid crystal panel warps and swells to the backlight unit side.
• the present invention has been made in view of the above problems and circumstances, and the problem to be solved is to provide a polarizer protective film, a polarizing plate, and a liquid crystal display device capable of suppressing the warpage of the liquid crystal panel.
• the present inventors set the shrinkage force of the polyester film for polarizer protection in a specific range in the direction parallel to the transmission axis of the polarizer in the process of examining the cause of the above problems. It has been found that the warpage of the liquid crystal panel can be improved, and the present invention has been made based on this finding.
• a polarizing plate is laminated on one surface of a liquid crystal cell so that the transmission axis direction of the polarizer is parallel to the long side direction of the liquid crystal display device.
• the polarizing plates are laminated such that the absorption axis direction of the polarizer is parallel to the long side of the liquid crystal display.
• the measuring method of the contraction force of the polyester film for polarizer protection is described.
• the shrinkage force of the film is set using TMA or the like at an initial temperature with a minimal load at a low temperature at the start of the test, and the force in the shrinkage direction during heating is measured while maintaining the length of the initial length.
• the temperature rising process contraction due to the recovery of residual strain accompanied by a change in the conformation of the polymer (hereinafter referred to simply as heat contraction), thermal expansion due to the increase in free volume and occupied volume of the polymer due to temperature rising ( In the temperature range near the glass transition temperature of the polyester film (for example, about .about.Tg + 50.degree. C.), since the heat shrinkage ⁇ the thermal expansion relationship often occurs, the entire film is described as follows. It expands and no contraction force is observed.
• the thermal contraction rate in the present invention includes the change in moisture content during heat treatment.
• Shrinking force (N / m) film thickness (mm) ⁇ elastic modulus (N / mm 2 ) ⁇ heat shrinkage rate (%) ⁇ 100 ⁇ 1000
• the representative invention is as follows.
• Item 1. The polyester film for polarizer protection laminated
• the shrinkage force F f of the polyester film in the direction parallel to the transmission axis of the polarizer is 800 N / m or more and 9000 N / m or less (however, the shrinkage force F f (N / m) is the polyester film Thickness (mm) ⁇ elastic modulus (N / mm 2 ) ⁇ 80 ° C./30 minutes heat shrinkage (%) ⁇ 100 ⁇ 1000
• the elastic modulus is a direction parallel to the transmission axis of the polarizer.
• the thermal shrinkage is the thermal shrinkage of the polyester film in the direction parallel to the transmission axis of the polarizer.
• (2) Ratio of contraction force F f of the polyester film in a direction parallel to the transmission axis of the polarizer and contraction force F v of the polyester film in the direction parallel to the absorption axis of the polarizer (F f / F v ) Is 2.5 or more and 12.0 or less (However, the shrinkage force F v (N / m) is the thickness (mm) of the polyester film ⁇ elastic modulus (N / mm 2 ) ⁇ 80 ° C.
• the polyester film for polarizer protection according to Item 1 or 2 wherein the polyester film has a retardation of 3000 to 30000 nm. Item 4.
• the polyester film for protecting a polarizer according to any one of Items 1 to 3, wherein the thickness of the polyester film is 40 to 200 ⁇ m.
• a hard coat layer, an antireflective layer, a low reflective layer, an antiglare layer, or an antireflective antiglare layer is provided on the surface of the polyester film opposite to the surface on which the polarizer is laminated.
• the polyester film for polarizer protection in any one of.
• the shrinkage force F TD of TD of the polyester film is 800 N / m or more and 9000 N / m or less (however, the shrinkage force F TD (N / m) is the thickness (mm) of polyester film ⁇ elastic modulus (N) / Mm 2 ) ⁇ 80 ° C.
• the ratio (F TD / F MD ) of the shrinkage force F TD of TD of the polyester film to the shrinkage force F MD of MD of the polyester film is 2.5 or more and 12.0 or less (however, the shrinkage force F MD (N / m) is the thickness (mm) of a polyester film ⁇ elastic modulus (N / mm 2 ) ⁇ 80 ° C. heat shrinkage ratio (%) of 30 minutes treatment ⁇ 100 ⁇ 1000.
• elastic modulus Is the MD modulus of the polyester film, and the heat shrinkage is the MD shrinkage of the polyester film.
• Item 7. The polyester film for polarizer protection according to item 6, further satisfying the following requirement (3). (3) The item in which the direction in which the thermal contraction rate of the polyester film is maximized is substantially parallel to TD. 8.
• Item 9. A polarizing plate comprising the polyester film for protecting a polarizer according to any one of Items 1 to 7 laminated on one side of a polarizer, and having no film on the other side of the polarizer.
• Item 11. 11 A liquid crystal display device having a backlight light source and a liquid crystal cell disposed between two polarizing plates, wherein at least one of the two polarizing plates is the polarizing plate according to any one of items 8 to 10. Liquid crystal display device.
• the polarizer protective film which can suppress the curvature of a liquid crystal panel, a polarizing plate, and a liquid crystal display device can be provided.
• the polyester film for protecting a polarizer of the present invention is a polarizer protective film made of a polyester film and laminated on at least one surface of a polarizer (for example, a film composed of polyvinyl alcohol and a dye) to form a polarizing plate. is there.
• a polarizer for example, a film composed of polyvinyl alcohol and a dye
• the shrinkage force of the polyester film in the direction parallel to the transmission axis of the polarizer means the shrinkage force of the polyester film in the direction parallel to the transmission axis of the polarizer laminated on one side of the polyester film. It is.
• the heat shrinkage of the polyester film in the direction parallel to the transmission axis of the polarizer means the heat shrinkage of the polyester film in the direction parallel to the transmission axis of the polarizer laminated on one side of the polyester film.
• the elastic modulus of the polyester film in the direction parallel to the transmission axis of the polarizer means the elastic modulus of the polyester film in the direction parallel to the transmission axis of the polarizer laminated on one side of the polyester film.
• the shrinkage force of the polyester film in the direction parallel to the absorption axis of the polarizer means the shrinkage force of the polyester film in the direction parallel to the absorption axis of the polarizer laminated on one side of the polyester film.
• the thermal shrinkage of the polyester film in the direction parallel to the absorption axis of the polarizer means the thermal shrinkage of the polyester film in the direction parallel to the absorption axis of the polarizer laminated on one side of the polyester film.
• the elastic modulus of the polyester film in the direction parallel to the absorption axis of the polarizer means the elastic modulus of the polyester film in the direction parallel to the absorption axis of the polarizer laminated on one side of the polyester film.
• the direction parallel to the transmission axis of the polarizer may be simply referred to as the transmission axis direction of the polarizer.
• the direction parallel to the absorption axis of the polarizer may be simply referred to as the absorption axis direction of the polarizer.
• the direction parallel to the transmission axis of the polarizer and the direction in which the thermal contraction rate of the polyester film is maximum be in a substantially parallel relationship.
• substantially parallel means that the absolute value of the angle between the transmission axis direction of the polarizer and the direction in which the thermal contraction rate of the polyester film is maximized (hereinafter sometimes referred to simply as the inclination of the thermal contraction rate) Allow less than 15 degrees.
• the slope of the heat shrinkage ratio is preferably 12 degrees or less, more preferably 10 degrees or less, still more preferably 8 degrees or less, still more preferably 6 degrees or less, particularly preferably 4 degrees or less And most preferably twice or less.
• the lower limit is 0 degree because the smaller the gradient of the thermal contraction rate, the better.
• the inclination of the thermal contraction rate of the polyester film is large, the warping of the polarizing plate including the polyester film in the oblique direction occurs, and the effect of reducing the warp of the liquid crystal panel tends to be thin.
• the ratio (F f / F v ) of the contraction force F f of the polyester film in the direction parallel to the transmission axis of the polarizer and the contraction force F v of the polyester film in the direction parallel to the absorption axis of the polarizer is 2 .5 or more and 12.0 or less, even if the absolute value of the angle between the direction parallel to the transmission axis of the polarizer and the direction in which the thermal contraction rate of the polyester film is maximum is 40 degrees or less, the liquid crystal panel Can be reduced.
• the angle is preferably 35 degrees or less.
• the thermal contraction rate of the polyester film, the inclination of the thermal contraction rate of the polyester film, and the direction in which the thermal contraction rate of the polyester film is maximum can be measured by the method adopted in the examples described later.
• two polarizing plates are arranged in a cross nicol relationship.
• two polarizers are arranged in a cross nicol relationship
• light does not normally pass through the two polarizers.
• the relationship of perfect cross nicol collapses, and light leakage may occur.
• the shrinkage force F f of the polyester film in the direction parallel to the transmission axis of the polarizer is preferably 800 N / m or more and 9000 N / m or less. If the lower limit value of F f is less than 800 N / m, warpage of the liquid crystal panel may not be sufficiently reduced. When the upper limit value of F f exceeds 9000 N / m, the contractile force is too strong, and the liquid crystal panel may be warped in the reverse direction.
• the preferred range of contraction force is 900 N / m or more and 8000 N / m or less, more preferably 1000 N / m or more and 8000 N / m or less, still more preferably 1100 N / m or more and 8000 N / m or less, still more preferably 1200 N / m. / M or more and 8000 N / m or less.
• the upper limit is preferably 6000 N / m or less, 5500 N / m or less, or 4800 N / m or less.
• the shrinkage force F f refers to the shrinkage force of the polyester film in the direction parallel to the transmission axis of the polarizer, and the thickness (mm) of the polyester film ⁇ elastic modulus (N / mm 2 ) ⁇ 80 ° C. for 30 minutes Thermal contraction rate of treatment (%) ⁇ 100 ⁇ 1000.
• the modulus of elasticity is the modulus of elasticity of the polyester film in the direction parallel to the transmission axis of the polarizer.
• a thermal contraction rate is a thermal contraction rate (The thermal contraction rate in 80 degreeC * 30 minutes heat processing) of a polyester film in the direction parallel to the transmission axis of a polarizer.
• the shrinkage force Fv is defined as: polyester film thickness (mm) ⁇ elastic modulus (N / mm 2 ) ⁇ 80 ° C. for 30 minutes of thermal contraction rate (%) ⁇ 100 ⁇ 1000.
• the modulus of elasticity is the modulus of elasticity of the polyester film in the direction parallel to the absorption axis of the polarizer.
• the thermal shrinkage is the thermal shrinkage (the thermal shrinkage in a heat treatment at 80 ° C. for 30 minutes) of the polyester film in the direction parallel to the absorption axis of the polarizer.
• Polyester film for protecting a polarizer of the present invention is preferably F f / F v is 1.0 to 12.0. More preferably, it is 2.5 or more and 12.0 or less. If the lower limit value of F f / F v is less than 1.0, warpage of the liquid crystal panel may not be sufficiently reduced. If the upper limit value of F f / F v exceeds 12.0, thermal deformation in one direction becomes large, and the polarizer is laminated on the surface opposite to the surface on which the polyester film for polarizer protection is laminated. The applied protective film or retardation film may be stressed, and the display quality may be degraded. In addition, the film formation stability may be reduced to cause breakage.
• the elastic modulus of the polyester film in the transmission axis direction of the polarizer is preferably 1000 to 9000 N / mm 2 .
• the contraction force of the polyester film can be controlled by the elastic modulus, in order to increase the elastic modulus of the polyester film in the transmission axis direction of the polarizer, the polyester film is highly oriented in the transmission axis direction of the polarizer and It is necessary to increase the degree of crystallinity.
• the upper limit is preferably 9000 N / mm 2 , and more preferably 8000 N / mm because there is a possibility of tearing easily. And more preferably 7000 N / mm 2 .
• the lower limit of the elastic modulus is preferably 1000 N / mm 2, more preferably 1500 N / mm 2, further preferably 1800 N / mm 2. The elastic modulus can be measured by the method adopted in the examples described later.
• the polyester film for protecting a polarizer of the present invention preferably has a thermal shrinkage of 0.10 to 5.0% when heat-treated at 80 ° C. for 30 minutes in the direction of the transmission axis of the polarizer.
• 0.10% or more is preferable, as for the lower limit of a thermal contraction rate, 0.15% or more is more preferable, and 0.20% or more is the most preferable. 4.5% or less is preferable, 4.0% or less is more preferable, 3.0% or less is further more preferable, 2% or less is still more preferable, and 1.4% or less is the most preferable.
• the thermal contraction rate is lower than 0.10%, that is, in the range of 0.01 to 0.099%, it may be difficult to control the thermal contraction rate without variation. Further, in order to increase the thermal contraction rate more than 5.0%, it is necessary to further lower the crystallinity degree and the glass transition temperature, which may cause defects such as planarity failure.
• the heat shrinkage rate can be measured by the method employed in the examples described later.
• the polyester film for protecting a polarizer of the present invention preferably has a thickness of 40 to 200 ⁇ m, more preferably 40 to 100 ⁇ m, and still more preferably 40 to 80 ⁇ m. If the thickness of the polyester film is less than 40 ⁇ m, it tends to be broken, and the flatness tends to be poor due to lack of rigidity. In addition, if it is thin, it is necessary to increase the elastic modulus or thermal contraction rate of the polyester film in the transmission axis direction of the polarizer accordingly, but since each parameter has an upper limit as described above, it is substantially 40 ⁇ m Is the lower limit.
• the thickness of the film exceeds 200 ⁇ m, the variation in the elastic modulus or the thermal contraction rate of the polyester film in the transmission axis direction of the polarizer accordingly becomes large, and there is a possibility that the control becomes difficult. Also rise.
• the thickness of the polyester film can be measured by the method employed in the examples described later.
• the polyester film for polarizer protection of the present invention preferably has an in-plane retardation in a specific range from the viewpoint of suppressing rainbow marks observed on the screen of the liquid crystal display device.
• the lower limit of the in-plane retardation is preferably 3000 nm or more, 5000 nm or more, 6000 nm or more, 7000 nm or more, or 8000 nm or more.
• the upper limit of the in-plane retardation is preferably 30000 nm or less, more preferably 18000 nm or less, and still more preferably 15000 nm or less.
• the in-plane retardation is preferably less than 10000 nm and 9000 nm or less.
• the retardation of the polyester film can be determined by measuring the refractive index and thickness in the biaxial direction, or can be determined using a commercially available automatic birefringence measuring device such as KOBRA-21ADH (Oji Scientific Instruments Co., Ltd.).
• the refractive index can be determined by an Abbe refractometer (measurement wavelength: 589 nm).
• the polyester film for protecting a polarizer of the present invention preferably has a ratio (Re / Rth) of in-plane retardation (Re) to retardation in the thickness direction (Rth) of 0.2 or more, preferably 0.3 or more, Preferably it is 0.4 or more, More preferably, it is 0.5 or more, More preferably, it is 0.6 or more.
• Re / Rth ratio of in-plane retardation to the thickness direction retardation
• the ratio (Re / Rth) of the retardation to the thickness direction retardation is 2.0 for a perfect uniaxial (one-axis symmetrical) film
• the ratio of the retardation to the thickness direction retardation (Re / Rth) is The upper limit is preferably 2.0.
• the upper limit of the preferred Re / Rth is 1.2 or less.
• the thickness direction retardation means an average of retardations obtained by multiplying the film thickness d by the two birefringence ⁇ Nxz and ⁇ Nyz when the film is viewed from the cross section in the thickness direction.
• the polyester film for polarizer protection of the present invention preferably has a NZ coefficient of 2.5 or less, more preferably 2.0 or less, and still more preferably, from the viewpoint of suppressing rainbow color spots. It is 1.8 or less, more preferably 1.6 or less. And, since the NZ coefficient is 1.0 for a perfectly uniaxial (uniaxially symmetric) film, the lower limit of the NZ coefficient is 1.0. However, it should be noted that the mechanical strength in the direction orthogonal to the orientation direction tends to be significantly reduced as the film becomes completely uniaxial (uniaxially symmetric).
• the NZ coefficient is represented by
• the orientation axis of the film is determined using a molecular orientation meter (MOA-6004 type molecular orientation meter, manufactured by Oji Scientific Instruments Co., Ltd.), and the refractive index in two axes (Ny, Nx, but in the direction orthogonal to the orientation axis direction) Ny> Nx) and the refractive index (Nz) in the thickness direction are determined by an Abbe refractometer (manufactured by Atago Co., Ltd., NAR-4T, measurement wavelength 589 nm). The value thus obtained can be substituted into
• the polyester film of the present invention preferably has a Ny-Nx value of 0.05 or more, more preferably 0.07 or more, and still more preferably 0, from the viewpoint of suppressing rainbow-like color spots. And more preferably 0.09 and most preferably 0.1.
• the upper limit is not particularly limited, but in the case of a polyethylene terephthalate film, the upper limit is preferably about 1.5.
• the polyester film of the present invention can be obtained from any polyester resin.
• the kind in particular of polyester resin is not restrict
• the dicarboxylic acid component and the diol component constituting the polyester resin may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
• a suitable polyester resin which comprises a polyester film a polyethylene terephthalate, a polypropylene terephthalate, a polybutylene terephthalate, a polyethylene naphthalate etc. are mentioned, for example, although a polyethylene terephthalate and a polyethylene naphthalate can be mentioned more preferably, these are It may further contain other copolymerizable components.
• These resins are excellent in transparency and also excellent in thermal and mechanical properties.
• polyethylene terephthalate is a preferable material because it can achieve high elastic modulus and control of heat shrinkage is relatively easy.
• the polarizing plate using the polyester film for protecting a polarizer of the present invention is preferably integrated with the glass plate of the liquid crystal cell in a state in which the thermal contraction rate of the polyester film remains, so the easy adhesion layer, the hard coat layer
• a functional layer such as an antiglare layer, an antireflective layer, a low reflective layer, a low antireflective layer, an antireflective antiglare layer, a low reflective antiglare layer, and an antistatic layer
• the drying temperature is low. It is a desirable embodiment to set and to carry out by methods with a small heat history, such as UV irradiation and electron beam irradiation.
• the polyester film used in the present invention can be produced according to a general polyester film production method. For example, a polyester resin is melted, and a non-oriented polyester extruded into a sheet is stretched in the longitudinal direction at a temperature higher than the glass transition temperature using a roll speed difference and then stretched in the transverse direction by a tenter, The method of heat-processing (heat fixation) is mentioned. It may be a uniaxially stretched film or a biaxially stretched film.
• MD is an abbreviation of Machine Direction, and may be referred to as film flow direction, longitudinal direction, or longitudinal direction in the present specification.
• TD is an abbreviation of Transverse Direction, and in the present specification, it may be called a width direction or a lateral direction.
• the film thickness it is preferable to adjust the film thickness, the elastic modulus and the heat shrinkage so that the contraction force F f is 800 N / m or more and 9000 N / m or less.
• the modulus of elasticity of the polyester film used as a polarizer protective film matches the modulus of elasticity of MD when the direction of the polarizer transmission axis matches the MD at the time of film formation of the polyester film and the TD at the time of film formation of the polyester film
• the elastic modulus of TD may be adjusted by a conventionally known method of stretched polyester film. Specifically, when the direction is a stretching direction, the stretching ratio may be set high, and when the direction is a direction perpendicular to the stretching direction, the stretching ratio may be set low.
• the thermal contraction rate of the polyester film used as the polarizer protective film is the thermal contraction rate of the MD when the direction of the transmission axis of the polarizer coincides with the MD at the time of film formation of the polyester film.
• the thermal contraction rate of TD may be adjusted by the conventionally known method of a stretched polyester film.
• the thermal contraction rate of MD of a polyester film When adjusting the thermal contraction rate of MD of a polyester film, for example, it is stretched in the MD by enlarging the gap between the clip holding the end in the film width direction and the adjacent clip in the cooling process after stretching and heat setting Can be adjusted by contracting to MD by reducing the clip interval.
• the film when cutting or separating the film from the clip that holds the end in the film width direction in the cooling process after the stretching and heat setting, the film is stretched or shrunk in the MD by adjusting the pulling force of the film. It is possible to adjust by.
• the thermal contraction rate changes in the temperature rising and cooling process, so the film drawing force is adjusted to stretch or shrink in MD. It is also possible to make adjustments by
• the distance between the clip gripping the end in the film width direction and the clip located on the opposite side in the width direction It can be adjusted by expanding it to a method of stretching in the TD, or shrinking it to shrink it in the TD.
• the shrinking force F v is a polyester film such that the shrinking force ratio (F f / F v ) is 1.0 or more and 12.0 or less, more preferably 2.5 or more and 12.0 or less It is preferable to adjust the elastic modulus and the thermal contraction rate.
• the inclination of the main axis of contraction of the polyester film used as a polarizer protective film is a cooling process after stretching / heat treatment with a tenter of a polyester film, or film formation as disclosed in PCT / JP2014 / 073451 (WO2015 / 037527) It is possible to adjust in a later off-line process. Specifically, in the cooling process, shrinkage due to stretching which could not be removed in the heat setting process and thermal stress due to cooling are generated, and depending on the balance between the two in the film flow direction, drawing in upstream or downstream side Retraction to the axis occurs and the phenomenon that the contraction main axis is inclined occurs.
• the contraction force in the film flow direction in the cooling step (the sum of the contraction force with stretching and the contraction force with cooling) is uniform.
• the method of shrinking or stretching may be a conventionally known method. In the case of cutting or separating the film end, care must be taken because the film shrinks freely in the width direction below the cut and separated temperature range, and the heat shrinkage rate below the temperature range decreases.
• the polyester film for protecting a polarizer of the present invention is laminated on at least one surface of a polarizer. It is preferable that a film having no birefringence, such as a TAC film, an acrylic film, or a norbornene film, be laminated on the other surface of the polarizer. Or the polarizing plate by which the film is not laminated
• the coating layer may be a functional layer such as a hard coat layer, or may be a retardation film formed by coating.
• contraction of films and application layers other than the polyester film for polarizer protection in the direction parallel to the transmission axis of a polarizer are preferably equal to or less than the value of F f of the polyester film for protecting a polarizer, Preferably it is below the value of Fv of the polyester film for polarizer protection.
• the shrinkage force of the film other than the polyester film for protecting a polarizer and the coating layer in a direction parallel to the transmission axis of the polarizer, and the polyester film for protecting a polarizer in a direction parallel to the absorption axis of the polarizer is preferably 250 N / m or less and more preferably 200 N / m or less.
• the shrinkage force of a film other than the polyester film for protecting a polarizer and the coating layer can be measured in the same manner as in the case of the polyester film. That is, the thickness of the film or coating layer (mm) ⁇ elastic modulus (N / mm 2 ) ⁇ 80 ° C. for 30 minutes of thermal contraction rate (%) ⁇ 100 ⁇ 1000.
• the polarizing plate is laminated with an elongated polarizer and an elongated polarizer protective polyester film in the form of roll-to-roll via an adhesive. And since a polarizer is usually extended
• the polyester film for protecting a polarizer of the present invention is preferably the following (1) and (2).
• (1) contractile force F TD in the TD of the polyester film is not more than 800 N / m or more 9000 N / m.
• the shrinkage force F TD (N / m) is the thickness (mm) of the polyester film ⁇ elastic modulus (N / mm 2 ) ⁇ 80 ° C. ⁇ the heat shrinkage ratio (%) of 30 minutes of treatment ⁇ 100 ⁇ 1000.
• the elastic modulus and the thermal shrinkage are respectively the elastic modulus of TD of the polyester film and the thermal shrinkage of TD.
• the shrinkage force F MD (N / m) is: polyester film thickness (mm) ⁇ elastic modulus (N / mm 2 ) ⁇ 80 ° C./30 minutes heat shrinkage (%) ⁇ 100 ⁇ 1000.
• the modulus of elasticity and the thermal shrinkage are respectively the modulus of elasticity of MD of the polyester film and the thermal shrinkage of MD.
• TD and the direction where the thermal contraction rate of a polyester film becomes the maximum are substantially parallel.
• Being substantially parallel means that the absolute value of the angle formed by the direction in which the thermal contraction rate of the polyester film is maximum and the TD direction (slope of the thermal contraction rate) is 15 degrees or less.
• the slope of the heat shrinkage ratio is preferably 12 degrees or less, more preferably 10 degrees or less, still more preferably 8 degrees or less, still more preferably 6 degrees or less, particularly preferably 4 degrees or less And most preferably twice or less.
• the lower limit is 0 degree because the smaller the gradient of the thermal contraction rate, the better.
• the thermal shrinkage of polyester film is Even if the absolute value of the angle between the direction of maximum and the TD is 40 degrees or less, the warpage of the liquid crystal panel can be reduced.
• the angle is preferably 35 degrees or less.
• F TD corresponds to F f
• F f the preferable range of F TD and F f
• the preferred range of is the same.
• F TD / F MD corresponds to F f / F v
• the preferred ranges of the two are the same.
• “elastic modulus of TD of polyester film” corresponds to “elastic modulus of polyester film in the transmission axis direction of the polarizer”, the preferable range of both is the same.
• the liquid crystal display device has at least a backlight light source and a liquid crystal cell disposed between two polarizing plates. It is preferable that at least one of the two polarizing plates is a polarizing plate using the polyester film for protecting a polarizer of the present invention as a polarizer protective film. In the liquid crystal display device, both of the two polarizing plates may use the polarizing plate of the present invention.
• the polyester film for protecting a polarizer of the present invention is a polarizer protective film on the viewer side from the polarizer of the viewer side polarizing plate and / or a position of the polarizer protective film on the light source side from the polarizer on the light source side polarizer It is preferably used in
• the liquid crystal display device has a rectangular shape (the two polarizing plates used in the liquid crystal display device are also rectangular), and one of the polarizing plates has its long side parallel to the absorption axis, and the other has The polarizers are arranged such that the long sides thereof are parallel to the transmission axis, and the absorption axes are perpendicular to each other. And, usually, a polarizing plate having a parallel relationship between the long side of the polarizing plate and the absorption axis is used as a viewing side polarizing plate of a liquid crystal display device, and a polarizing plate having a long side of the polarizing plate and a parallel transmission axis.
• the polarizing plate of the present invention is used as a polarizing plate having a relationship in which the transmission axis is at least parallel to the long side of the polarizing plate. Further, it is also preferable to use the polarizing plate of the present invention for both a polarizing plate having a long side of the polarizing plate and a transmission axis parallel to each other and a polarizing plate having a long side of the polarizing plate and a parallel relation of absorption axes.
• Contraction force F f The shrinkage force F f of the polyester film was calculated from the following equation.
• the modulus of elasticity is the modulus of elasticity of the polyester film in the direction parallel to the transmission axis of the polarizer.
• the heat shrinkage is the heat shrinkage of the polyester film in the direction parallel to the transmission axis of the polarizer.
• Shrinkage force F f (N / m) Thickness of polyester film (mm) ⁇ Modulus (N / mm 2 ) ⁇ 80 ° C./30 minutes heat shrinkage (%) ⁇ 100 ⁇ 1000
• the shrinkage force F v of the polyester film was calculated from the following equation.
• Elastic modulus is the elastic modulus of the polyester film in the direction parallel to the absorption axis of the polarizer.
• the heat shrinkage is the heat shrinkage of the polyester film in the direction parallel to the absorption axis of the polarizer.
• Shrinkage force F v (N / m) Thickness of polyester film (mm) ⁇ Modulus (N / mm 2 ) ⁇ 80 ° C./30 minutes heat shrinkage (%) ⁇ 100 ⁇ 1000
• the elastic modulus of polyester film is a dynamic viscoelasticity measuring apparatus (DMS 6100) manufactured by Seiko Instruments Inc. in accordance with JIS-K7244 (DMS) after standing for 168 hours in an environment of 25 ° C. and 50 RH%.
• the evaluation was performed using Measure the temperature dependency of 25 ° C to 120 ° C under the conditions of tension mode, driving frequency 1 Hz, chuck distance 5 mm, heating rate 2 ° C / min, and average storage elastic modulus from 30 ° C to 100 ° C It was an elastic modulus.
• the modulus of elasticity of the polyester film in the direction parallel to the polarizer transmission axis and the modulus of elasticity of the polyester film in the direction parallel to the polarizer absorption axis were measured.
• the said measurement was performed by the polyester film single-piece
• Thermal contraction rate (length before treatment-length after treatment) / length before treatment ⁇ 100
• the inclination of the thermal contraction rate is defined as a narrow angle from the transmission axis direction of the polarizer, and is in the range of 0 to 90 °.
• Refractive index of polyester film The slow axis direction of the film is determined using a molecular orientation meter (MOA-6004 type molecular orientation meter manufactured by Oji Scientific Instruments Co., Ltd.), and the slow axis direction is the sample long side for measurement A 4 cm ⁇ 2 cm rectangle was cut out so as to be parallel to the above and used as a measurement sample.
• MOA-6004 type molecular orientation meter manufactured by Oji Scientific Instruments Co., Ltd.
• the refractive indices of two orthogonal axes (refractive index in the slow axis direction: Ny, fast axis (refractive index in the direction orthogonal to the slow axis direction): Nx), and refractive index in the thickness direction ( Nz) was determined by an Abbe refractometer (manufactured by Atago Co., Ltd., NAR-4T, measurement wavelength 589 nm). These values were used to determine the NZ coefficient.
• the biaxial refractive index anisotropy ( ⁇ Nxy) was determined by the following method.
• the refractive indices in the two orthogonal axes (refractive index in the slow axis direction: Ny, refractive index in the direction orthogonal to the slow axis direction: Nx), and refractive index in the thickness direction (Nz)
• ) of the refractive index difference between the two axes is determined by a rate meter (manufactured by Atago Co., Ltd., NAR-4T, measurement wavelength 589 nm) as the anisotropy ( ⁇ Nxy) of the refractive index.
• the thickness d (nm) of the film was measured using an electric micrometer (Filt Luff, Millitron 1245D), and the unit was converted to nm.
• the retardation (Re) was determined from the product ( ⁇ Nxy ⁇ d) of the anisotropy of the refractive index ( ⁇ Nxy) and the thickness d (nm) of the film.
• ) and ⁇ Nyz (
• the film thickness d (nm) and the film thickness d (nm) are determined by the same method as the retardation measurement, and the average value of ( ⁇ Nxz ⁇ d) and ( ⁇ Nyz ⁇ d) is calculated to obtain retardation in the thickness direction (Rth). Asked for).
• filtration treatment is carried out with a Naslon filter with a 95% cut diameter of 5 ⁇ m, extruded in a strand form from the nozzle, cooled and solidified using cooling water previously subjected to filtration treatment (pore diameter: 1 ⁇ m or less). , Cut into pellets.
• the intrinsic viscosity of the obtained polyethylene terephthalate resin (A) was 0.62 dl / g, and substantially no inert particles and internally precipitated particles were contained. (Hereafter, it is abbreviated as PET (A).)
• PET (B) 10 parts by weight of a dried UV absorber (2,2 '-(1,4-phenylene) bis (4H-3,1-benzoxazinone-4-one), particle-free PET (A) (intrinsic viscosity Mixed 90 parts by mass of 0.62 dl / g, and a kneading extruder was used to obtain a polyethylene terephthalate resin (B) containing an ultraviolet absorber (hereinafter referred to as PET (B)).
• Example 1 Provide of Polyester Film 1 for Protecting Polarizer> After 90 parts by mass of PET (A) resin pellet containing no particles as a raw material for a base film intermediate layer and 10 parts by mass of PET (B) resin pellet containing an ultraviolet absorber at reduced pressure (1 Torr) at 135 ° C for 6 hours , The extruder 2 (for the intermediate layer II layer), and the PET (A) was dried by an ordinary method and supplied to the extruder 1 (for the outer layer I layer and the outer layer III), respectively, and dissolved at 285 ° C. .
• the two polymers are respectively filtered with a filter material of a stainless sintered body (nominal filtration accuracy 10 ⁇ m particle 95% cut), laminated in a two-kind three-layer merging block, sheeted out from a die, and extruded
• the film was wound around a casting drum having a surface temperature of 30 ° C. using an electrostatic application casting method, and solidified by cooling to form an unstretched film.
• the discharge amount of each extruder was adjusted so that the thickness ratio of layer I, layer II, and layer III was 10:80:10.
• the above adhesion modifying coating solution was applied to both sides of this unstretched PET film by reverse roll method so that the coating amount after drying was 0.08 g / m 2 , and then dried at 80 ° C. for 20 seconds .
• the unstretched film on which the coated layer was formed was guided to a tenter stretching machine, and while holding the end of the film with a clip, it was guided to a hot air zone at a temperature of 105 ° C. and stretched 4.0 times in TD. Next, heat treatment is performed at a temperature of 180 ° C. for 30 seconds, and then the film cooled to 100 ° C. is stretched by 1.0% in the width direction, and then the clips holding the both ends of the film cooled to 60 ° C.
• the jumboroll made of uniaxially oriented PET film with a film thickness of about 80 ⁇ m is collected, the jumbo roll obtained is divided into three equal parts and three slit rolls (L (left) , C (center), R (right side)).
• the polyester film 1 for polarizer protection was obtained from the slit roll located in R.
• the direction in which the thermal contraction rate is maximized was 7.0 degrees from TD.
• a polarizer protective polyester film 1 was pasted so that the transmission axis of the polarizer and the TD of the polarizer protective polyester film 1 were parallel.
• a TAC film manufactured by Fuji Film Co., Ltd., thickness 80 ⁇ m was attached to the opposite side of the polarizer to prepare a light source side polarizing plate.
• the liquid crystal panel was taken out from a 46 inch size IPS type liquid crystal television using a glass substrate with a thickness of 0.4 mm for the liquid crystal cell.
• the light source side polarizing plate is peeled off from the liquid crystal panel, and the light source side polarizing plate prepared above is replaced with the transmission axis direction (parallel to the horizontal direction) of the light source side polarizing plate before peeling off the polarizer.
• the liquid crystal cell was bonded to the liquid crystal cell through the PSA so that the liquid crystal panels coincide.
• the light source side polarizing plate was bonded together to the liquid crystal cell so that the polyester film 1 for polarizer protection might become a distal side (opposite side) with a liquid crystal cell.
• the viewing side polarizing plate is one in which a TAC film is laminated on both sides of the polarizer, and the polarizing plate is bonded to the liquid crystal cell such that the absorption axis direction of the polarizer is parallel to the horizontal direction.
• Example 2 ⁇ Production of Polyester Film 2 for Protecting Polarizer>
• the film formation of the polyester film 1 for protecting a polarizer of Example 1 except that the film cooled to 100 ° C. is stretched 1.5% in the width direction, in the same manner as the polyester film 1 for protecting a polarizer, for polarizer protection A polyester film 2 was obtained.
• the direction in which the thermal contraction rate is maximum was 6.5 degrees from TD.
• ⁇ Creation of liquid crystal panel> A liquid crystal panel was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the polyester film 1 for protecting a polarizer was replaced by the polyester film 2 for protecting a polarizer in Example 1.
• Example 3 ⁇ Production of Polyester Film 3 for Protecting Polarizer>
• a polarizer protective film is the same as the polyester film 1 for protecting a polarizer except that the film cooled to 100 ° C. is stretched 1.7% in the width direction. I got three.
• the direction in which the thermal contraction rate is maximum was 5.3 degrees from TD.
• ⁇ Creation of liquid crystal panel> A liquid crystal panel was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the polyester film 1 for protecting a polarizer was replaced by the polyester film 3 for protecting a polarizer in Example 1.
• Example 4 ⁇ Production of Polyester Film 4 for Protecting Polarizer>
• the film cooled to 100 ° C. is stretched by 2.0% in the width direction, and heat treatment at a temperature of 180 ° C. for 30 seconds after 4 times stretching in TD
• a polarizer protective film 4 was obtained in the same manner as the polarizer protective polyester film 1 except that the hard coat layer coating solution was applied to one side of the polyester film at the previous time.
• the direction in which the thermal contraction rate was maximum was 4.8 degrees from TD.
• ⁇ Creation of liquid crystal panel> A liquid crystal panel was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the polyester film 1 for protecting a polarizer was replaced by the polyester film 4 for protecting a polarizer in Example 1.
• Example 5 ⁇ Production of Polyester Film 5 for Protecting Polarizer> A polyester film 5 for protecting a polarizer was obtained in the same manner as the polyester film 4 for protecting a polarizer except that the thickness of the film after stretching was adjusted to 160 ⁇ m by adjusting the rotation speed of the casting roll. In the polarizer protective polyester film 5, the direction in which the thermal contraction rate is maximum was 4.8 degrees from TD. ⁇ Creation of liquid crystal panel> A liquid crystal panel was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the polyester film 1 for protecting a polarizer was replaced by the polyester film 5 for protecting a polarizer in Example 1.
• Example 6 ⁇ Production of Polyester Film 6 for Protecting Polarizer>
• the film formation of the polyester film 1 for protecting a polarizer of Example 1 except that the film cooled to 100 ° C. is stretched 1.5% in the flow direction, in the same manner as the polyester film 1 for protecting a polarizer, for polarizer protection A polyester film 6 was obtained.
• the direction in which the thermal contraction rate was maximum was 9.0 degrees from the MD.
• Example 7 ⁇ Production of Polyester Film 7 for Protecting Polarizer>
• the film formation of the polyester film 1 for protecting a polarizer of Example 1 except that the film cooled to 100 ° C. is stretched by 1.7% in the flow direction, in the same manner as the polyester film 1 for protecting a polarizer, for polarizer protection
• the polyester film 7 was obtained.
• the direction in which the thermal contraction rate is maximum is 8.3 degrees from the MD.
• ⁇ Creation of liquid crystal panel> A liquid crystal panel was produced in the same manner as in Example 6 except that the polyester film 6 for protecting a polarizer was replaced by the polyester film 7 for protecting a polarizer in Example 6.
• Example 8 ⁇ Production of Polyester Film 8 for Protecting Polarizer>
• the film formation of the polyester film 1 for protecting a polarizer of Example 1 except that the film cooled to 100 ° C. is stretched by 2.0% in the flow direction, in the same manner as the polyester film 1 for protecting a polarizer, for polarizer protection A polyester film 8 was obtained.
• the direction in which the thermal contraction rate is maximum is 7.0 degrees from the MD.
• ⁇ Creation of liquid crystal panel> A liquid crystal panel was produced in the same manner as in Example 6 except that the polyester film 6 for protecting a polarizer was replaced by the polyester film 8 for protecting a polarizer in Example 6.
• Example 9 ⁇ Production of Polyester Film 9 for Protecting Polarizer> A polyester film 9 for polarizer protection was obtained in the same manner as the polyester film 8 for polarizer protection except that the film thickness after stretching was adjusted to 160 ⁇ m by adjusting the rotation speed of the casting roll. In the polarizer protective polyester film 9, the direction in which the thermal contraction rate is maximized was 7.0 degrees from the MD. ⁇ Creation of liquid crystal panel> A liquid crystal panel was produced in the same manner as in Example 6 except that the polyester film 6 for protecting a polarizer was replaced by the polyester film 9 for protecting a polarizer in Example 6.
• Example 10 ⁇ Production of Polyester Film 10 for Protecting Polarizer>
• the polarizer protective film is the same as the polyester film 6 for protecting a polarizer, except that it is stretched to 4.0 times in MD and 1.0 times to TD and changed to be 4.0 times in TD. I got ten.
• the direction in which the thermal contraction rate is maximum is 8.7 degrees from MD.
• ⁇ Creation of liquid crystal panel> A liquid crystal panel was produced in the same manner as in Example 6 except that the polyester film 6 for protecting a polarizer was replaced by the polyester film 10 for protecting a polarizer in Example 6.
• Example 11 ⁇ Production of Polyester Film 11 for Protecting Polarizer>
• the polyester film 10 for protecting a polarizer of Example 10 in the same manner as the polyester film 10 for protecting a polarizer except that the film cooled to 100 ° C. is stretched by 1.7% in the flow direction, for polarizer protection The polyester film 11 was obtained.
• the direction in which the thermal contraction rate is maximized was 7.5 degrees from the MD.
• ⁇ Creation of liquid crystal panel> A liquid crystal panel was produced in the same manner as in Example 10 except that the polyester film 10 for protecting a polarizer was replaced by the polyester film 11 for protecting a polarizer in Example 10.
• Example 12 ⁇ Production of Polyester Film 12 for Protecting Polarizer>
• the film formation of the polyester film 10 for protecting a polarizer of Example 10 in the same manner as the polyester film 10 for protecting a polarizer except that the film cooled to 100 ° C. is stretched by 5.0% in the width direction, for polarizer protection A polyester film 12 was obtained.
• the direction in which the thermal contraction rate is maximum is 1.8 degrees from TD.
• ⁇ Creation of liquid crystal panel> A liquid crystal panel was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the polyester film 1 for protecting a polarizer was replaced by the polyester film 12 for protecting a polarizer in Example 1.
• Example 13 ⁇ Production of Polyester Film 13 for Protecting Polarizer> A polarizer protective polyester film 13 was obtained in the same manner as the polarizer protective polyester film 4 except that the film thickness after stretching was adjusted to 60 ⁇ m by adjusting the rotation speed of the casting roll. In the polarizer protective polyester film 13, the direction in which the thermal contraction rate is maximized was 4.8 degrees from TD. ⁇ Creation of liquid crystal panel> A liquid crystal panel was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that, in Example 1, the polyester film 1 for protecting a polarizer was replaced by the polyester film 13 for protecting a polarizer.
• Example 14 ⁇ Production of Polyester Film 14 for Protecting Polarizer>
• the polarizer protective film 14 is formed in the same manner as the polarizer protective film 3 except that the film is passed without changing the clip width holding the both ends of the film. Obtained.
• the direction in which the thermal contraction rate is maximum was 33.0 degrees from TD.
• ⁇ Creation of liquid crystal panel> A liquid crystal panel was produced in the same manner as in Example 3 except that the polarizer protective film 1 was replaced by the polarizer protective film 14.
• a liquid crystal panel was produced in the same manner as in 1.
• Example 1A to Example 5A, Example 13A Example 1 except using the polarizing plate of the same structure as the light source side polarizing plate used in each Example of Examples 1-5 and 13 as a light source side polarizing plate and a visual recognition side polarizing plate was used for both polarizing plates. Also in the case of separately evaluating in the same manner as in ⁇ 5 and 13, similar to the results of Examples 1 to 5 and 13 in Table 1 above, good results ( ⁇ ) were obtained in the panel warpage evaluation.
• the light source side polarizing plate and the viewing side polarizing plate were bonded to the liquid crystal cell such that the polyester film for protecting a polarizer was on the distal side (the opposite side) to the liquid crystal cell.
• Example 1B to Example 5B, Example 13B evaluation was performed separately in the same manner as in Examples 1A to 5A and Example 13A except that a TAC film was not used as a polarizer protective film on the liquid crystal cell side. Also in the case, as in Example 1A to Example 5A and Example 13A, a good result ( ⁇ ⁇ ) was obtained in the evaluation of panel warpage.
• the polarizer protective film which can suppress the curvature of a liquid crystal panel, a polarizing plate, and a liquid crystal display device can be provided.

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