WO2019039539A1 - 溶鋼中りん濃度推定方法、転炉吹錬制御装置、プログラム及び記録媒体 - Google Patents
溶鋼中りん濃度推定方法、転炉吹錬制御装置、プログラム及び記録媒体 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2019039539A1 WO2019039539A1 PCT/JP2018/031134 JP2018031134W WO2019039539A1 WO 2019039539 A1 WO2019039539 A1 WO 2019039539A1 JP 2018031134 W JP2018031134 W JP 2018031134W WO 2019039539 A1 WO2019039539 A1 WO 2019039539A1
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- molten steel
- exhaust gas
- phosphorus concentration
- converter
- dephosphorization
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
- C21C5/285—Plants therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
- C21C5/30—Regulating or controlling the blowing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
- C21C5/42—Constructional features of converters
- C21C5/46—Details or accessories
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
- C21C5/42—Constructional features of converters
- C21C5/46—Details or accessories
- C21C5/4606—Lances or injectors
- C21C5/462—Means for handling, e.g. adjusting, changing, coupling
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P90/00—Enabling technologies with a potential contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
- Y02P90/30—Computing systems specially adapted for manufacturing
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for estimating phosphorus concentration in molten steel, a converter blowing controller, a program, and a recording medium.
- control of components in molten steel at the time of blowout is very important for quality control of steel.
- the injected oxygen amount, the injection amount of secondary raw material such as quick lime or scale, the injection timing of the secondary raw material, the top blowing lance height, the top blowing oxygen flow rate, and the bottom blowing gas flow rate Etc. are generally used as the amount of operation.
- These manipulated variables are often determined by information obtained before the start of blowing, such as a target phosphorus concentration, molten metal data, and criteria created based on past operation results and the like.
- Patent Document 1 the dephosphorization rate constant is estimated using the operating conditions and the exhaust gas measured for the blowing, and the phosphorus concentration in molten steel at the time of blowing is calculated using the estimated dephosphorization rate constant. Techniques for estimating are disclosed. Furthermore, in Patent Document 1 below, the estimated phosphorus concentration in molten steel and the target phosphorus concentration in molten steel are compared, and the phosphorus concentration in molten steel is controlled by changing the operation conditions for blowing based on the comparison result. Technology is disclosed.
- SRP Simple Refining Process
- decarburization processing is referred to as "decarburization processing”.
- dephosphorization treatment is performed using equipment other than a converter such as a ladle or torpedo car, similarly, at the time of decarburization treatment using a converter, blowing is performed in consideration of dephosphorization Is required.
- CaO sources such as quick lime and slaked lime may be introduced into the converter in order to advance further dephosphorization treatment in parallel with decarburizing treatment.
- the introduction of such a CaO source promotes the dephosphorization reaction represented by the following chemical formula (101) in the decarburization treatment.
- the chemical formula (101) below the notation “[substance X]” indicates that substance X is present in the molten metal, and the notation “(substance Y)” indicates that substance Y is a slag Indicates that it is a substance present in it.
- the degree of progress of the dephosphorization reaction represented by the above chemical formula (101) is related to the hatching status of the CaO source. For example, if the dephosphorization reaction represented by the above chemical formula (101) is promoted, the hatching of the CaO source will proceed. That is, it is considered that the state of hatching of the CaO source affects the phosphorus concentration in the molten steel at the time of the decarburization treatment.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to carry out the case where the dephosphorization treatment is not performed prior to the decarburization treatment using a converter, or Method of estimating phosphorus concentration in molten steel capable of accurately estimating phosphorus concentration in molten steel at the time of decarburization processing when dephosphorizing treatment is performed using equipment different from a converter used in treatment, converter blowing controller , Providing a program and a recording medium.
- a method of estimating phosphorus concentration in molten steel for estimating phosphorus concentration in molten steel at the time of the decarburization processing in the case of performing the above dephosphorization treatment by different facilities and an exhaust gas data acquisition step of acquiring an exhaust gas component and an exhaust gas flow rate
- the molten steel data acquisition step of acquiring the molten steel temperature and the carbon concentration in the molten steel by sublance measurement, the data relating to the decarboxylation efficiency obtained by using the exhaust gas component and the exhaust gas flow rate, the exhaust gas component, the exhaust gas flow rate, Data on the molten steel temperature and the carbon concentration, and the dephosphorization rate constant calculated using the operating conditions for decarburizing treatment A phosphorus concentration estimating step for estimating the phosphorus concentration in the molten steel after the sublance measurement using the
- a categorical variable may be used which identifies clusters obtained by time series clustering performed on time series data of a plurality of the decarboxylation efficiencies obtained in past operations.
- a converter blowing smelting control device for estimating the phosphorus concentration in molten steel at the time of the decarburization processing when the above dephosphorization processing is performed using equipment different from a furnace, and an exhaust gas data acquisition unit for acquiring an exhaust gas component and an exhaust gas flow rate
- a molten steel data acquisition unit for acquiring the molten steel temperature and the carbon concentration in the molten steel by the sublance measurement, data relating to the decarboxylation element efficiency obtained using the exhaust gas component and the exhaust gas flow rate, the exhaust gas component, the exhaust gas flow rate,
- the dephosphorization rate constant is calculated using the data relating to the molten steel temperature and the carbon concentration, and the operating conditions relating to the decarburization treatment, and the calculated dephospho
- the phosphorus concentration estimation unit identifies clusters obtained by time series clustering performed on time series data of a plurality of the decarboxylation efficiencies obtained in the past operation in the calculation of the dephosphorization rate constant. Categorical variables may be used.
- the dephosphorization rate constant is calculated using the above-mentioned exhaust gas component, the above-mentioned exhaust gas flow rate, the above-mentioned molten steel temperature and the
- the phosphorus concentration estimating function identifies clusters obtained by time series clustering performed on a plurality of time series data of the decarboxylation efficiency obtained in the past operation in the calculation of the dephosphorization rate constant. Categorical variables may be used.
- a recording medium on which a program for causing a computer to function as a converter blasting control device for estimating the phosphorus concentration in molten steel at the time of the above decarburization processing when the above dephosphorization processing is performed using equipment different from a furnace is recorded.
- a recording medium on which a program for causing a computer to realize a function is recorded.
- the phosphorus concentration estimating function identifies clusters obtained by time series clustering performed on a plurality of time series data of the decarboxylation efficiency obtained in the past operation in the calculation of the dephosphorization rate constant. Categorical variables may be used.
- the dephosphorization rate constant is calculated using various data including the decarboxylation efficiency and the operating conditions, and the dephosphorization rate constant is used to calculate the dephosphorization rate constant.
- the phosphorus concentration in molten steel is estimated. In this way, it is possible to reflect in the estimation of the phosphorus concentration in the molten steel the operation factor relating to the state of deterioration of the CaO source at the time of the decarburization treatment of the primary refining.
- molten steel is referred to as "molten steel” for convenience.
- molten iron is used as it is.
- [P] ini is a phosphorus concentration initial value (phosphorus phosphorus concentration) (%)
- k is a dephosphorization rate constant (sec ⁇ 1 ).
- the "phosphorus concentration initial value” means the actual value (namely, phosphorus concentration at the time of a decarburization treatment start) of the phosphorus concentration measured immediately before the decarburization process.
- the actual value of the phosphorus concentration is, for example, the phosphorus concentration actually measured after the hot metal pretreatment which is the previous step (after the dephosphorization treatment).
- dephosphorization rate constant k for each charge can be determined using the past operation result data.
- dephosphorization rate constant k i in the charge i is calculated using the following equation (3).
- [P] end, i is the phosphorus concentration (%) in the molten steel at the time of blow stop
- t end i is the elapsed time from the start of the decarburization treatment to the time of the blow stop (Sec).
- a model equation having the dephosphorization rate constant k obtained by the equation (3) as an objective variable is prepared in advance.
- This model equation can be appropriately constructed by various statistical methods.
- a regression equation using various operation factors X as explanatory variables is used as the model equation.
- the regression equation is obtained by a well-known multiple regression analysis method, and is constructed, for example, as the following equation (4).
- the dephosphorization rate constant k is estimated by substituting the operation factor X at the time of the blowing in the equation (4) below, and the dephosphorization rate constant k is applied to the above equation (2) By this, the phosphorus concentration in molten steel can be estimated.
- ⁇ j is a regression coefficient corresponding to the j-th operation factor X j
- ⁇ 0 is a constant.
- the operation factors shown in the following Table 1 can be mentioned.
- the operation factors shown in Table 1 below are merely an example, and any operation factor X may be considered in the estimation of the dephosphorization rate constant k.
- all or part of the operation factors included in Table 1 below may be used to estimate the dephosphorization rate constant k.
- Patent Document 1 the in-furnace accumulated oxygen amount basic unit obtained by calculating the oxygen balance from the exhaust gas flow rate during blow smelting, the exhaust gas component, the upper bottom blowing gas flow rate, the auxiliary raw material input amount and the molten iron component It was shown that the effect on the dephosphorization rate constant is large. Therefore, in Patent Document 1 described above, the basic unit of stored oxygen amount in the furnace obtained by utilizing exhaust gas data and the like, and the dynamic operation during blowing of the upper blowing lance height, oxygen gas flow rate and bottom blowing gas flow rate, etc. It is shown that it is possible to estimate the dephosphorization rate constant more accurately by further adopting a factor as an explanatory variable of the regression equation shown in the above equation (4) in addition to the explanatory variables described in Table 1 ing.
- the decarbonation efficiency in the decarburization treatment is an index indicating the efficiency of the reaction between the oxygen blown into the converter and the carbon in the molten steel in the decarburization treatment.
- the present inventors estimate the phosphorus concentration in molten steel by adopting the decarboxylation efficiency, which reflects the CaO concentration in the slag during blasting at the time of decarburizing treatment, as an operation factor for the estimation of the phosphorus concentration in molten steel. It was conceived that the accuracy could be further improved.
- data relating to the decarboxylation efficiency and an application example thereof will be described.
- Such decarboxylation efficiency can be obtained from exhaust gas information discharged from the converter, as described below.
- the decarboxylation efficiency k 0 [i] (% / (Nm 3 / ton)) is calculated using the following equation (5) based on the exhaust gas flow rate measured in a constant cycle and the exhaust gas information including exhaust gas components Ru.
- CO [i + N] (%) is the CO concentration in the exhaust gas
- CO 2 [i + N] (%) is the CO 2 concentration in the exhaust gas
- V offgas [i (Nm 3 / hr (NTP)) is the total exhaust gas flow rate
- F O2 [i] (Nm 3 / hr (NTP)) is from the start of blowing to the time of calculation of the decarboxylation efficiency k 0 [i] Input oxygen amount into the converter.
- F O2 [i] can be calculated from the blown oxygen amount that can be determined before the start of blowing by static control.
- i in square brackets [] represents a sampling cycle in the measurement of the exhaust gas flow rate and the exhaust gas component.
- N in square brackets [] corresponds to the analysis delay by the exhaust gas component analyzer (the time delay until the exhaust gas reaches the installation position of the exhaust gas component analyzer).
- the specific value of the analysis delay N may be appropriately determined in accordance with the installation position of the exhaust gas component analyzer in the flue or the like.
- NTP means Normal Temperature Pressure.
- the above equation (5) is derived as follows.
- the decarburized amount wc [i] (g / sec) per unit time obtained from the exhaust gas information is calculated by the following equation (6).
- V offgas [i] is divided by 1000 ⁇ 3600 to convert the unit to (L / sec). Moreover, it divides in 22.4 (L / mol) in order to convert into the number of moles. Also, 12 is the atomic weight of carbon.
- the decarboxylation efficiency k 0 [i] is defined as the decarburized amount (% by weight) divided by the oxygen unit (Nm 3 / ton)
- the decarboxylation efficiency k 0 [i] is It is expressed by equation (7).
- W st is the molten steel (hot metal) weight (ton).
- the time series data is time series data from the start of the decarburization process at the start of the decarburization process.
- the decarboxylation efficiency k 0 [i] repeats rising and falling.
- the decarboxylation efficiency k 0 [i] indicates that the oxygen blown into the converter reacts more with carbon than with Fe in molten steel.
- the state in which the decarboxylation efficiency k 0 [i] is relatively high is a state in which the dephosphorization reaction is not promoted either.
- the decarboxylation efficiency k 0 [i] when the decarboxylation efficiency k 0 [i] is relatively low, it indicates that oxygen injected into the converter reacts more with Fe in molten steel than carbon. In this case, since more FeO is generated, it is in a situation where the aging of the CaO source is in progress. Therefore, it can be said that the state in which the decarboxylation efficiency k 0 [i] is relatively low is a state in which the dephosphorization reaction is promoted. Thus, the decarboxylation efficiency can be an index that can reflect the phosphorus concentration in molten steel.
- the decarboxylation element efficiency k 0 [i] largely fluctuates at the beginning of the decarburization treatment, and then often gradually converges to a substantially constant value. It is considered that the change in the decarbonation efficiency at the start is due to the aging of the CaO source due to the progress of the dephosphorization reaction on the converter surface. Therefore, in the present embodiment, data relating to the decarbonation efficiency at the start of the decarburization process can be used as one of the operation factors X j that is an explanatory variable of the above equation (4).
- the start point of the decarburization process corresponds to a period from the start of the decarburization process to about one third of the total elapsed time in the decarburization process.
- the average value of the time series data of the decarboxylation efficiency at the start of the decarburization operation is an operation which is an explanatory variable of the above equation (4) which is a regression equation for estimating the dephosphorization rate constant k. It may be used as the factor X j . In this way, the degree of progression of the incubation of the CaO source due to the progress of the dephosphorization reaction can be reflected in the estimation of the dephosphorization rate constant k.
- the maximum value, the minimum value, or the intermediate value of the time-series data of the decarboxylation efficiency at the start of the decarburization process (specifically, the decarboxylation efficiency at the center time of the measurement target period)
- a variable based on time-series data of the decarboxylation efficiency such as a change rate of the time-series data (specifically, a change rate of the decarboxylation efficiency in a measurement target period) may be used as an explanatory variable .
- a categorical variable that identifies a cluster obtained by performing time-series clustering on time-series data of decarboxylation efficiency may be used as an explanatory variable.
- Time-series clustering is a method of obtaining a distance between time-series data and performing clustering based on the distance.
- time series clustering is performed in advance on time series data of the decarbonation efficiency at the start of the decarburization process acquired from past operation data.
- the nearest neighbor method of hierarchical clustering is used as a method of time series clustering.
- the method of time series clustering is not limited to the present method, and may be, for example, the k-means method of non-hierarchical clustering.
- time-series clustering is performed such that these time-series data are classified into four clusters, but the number of clusters is not particularly limited. The number of clusters is appropriately set according to the result of clustering.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of results of time series clustering performed on time series data of decarboxylation efficiency.
- Each graph of FIG. 2 is a graph showing the result of time series clustering for the cluster corresponding to each categorical variable (No. 1 to 8).
- Data obtained by Moreover, the time-series data of the decarbonation efficiency used for time-series clustering according to the present embodiment is data obtained from the decarbonation efficiency up to 50 seconds after the start of blowing of the decarburization treatment. is there.
- the time range for selecting time series data of decarboxylation efficiency used for this time series clustering is not particularly limited.
- the time range corresponds to the trend of time series data of decarboxylation efficiency actually obtained, or It may be appropriately set based on the operation state of the converter blowing facility and the like.
- each of the broken lines present in each graph shows the time-dependent change of the decarboxylation efficiency in one given decarburization treatment.
- pieces of data having high similarity of time series data of decarboxylation efficiency are classified into the same cluster.
- cluster No. As shown in the graph according to No. 1, cluster No. The time series data in which the decarbonation efficiency is gradually increased are classified into 1.
- cluster No. As shown in the graph according to No. 2, cluster No. In 2, the time-series data in which the decarboxylation efficiency hardly changes are classified.
- a categorical variable that identifies a cluster obtained by time-series clustering performed on time-series data of decarboxylation efficiency is adopted as the operation factor X j which is an explanatory variable of the equation (4).
- Can. it is possible to reflect the degree of progress of the aging of the CaO source merely introduced at the time of the decarburization treatment in the estimation of the phosphorus concentration in the molten steel.
- the degree of progress of the hatching of the CaO source is closely related to the degree of progress of the dephosphorization reaction. Therefore, the degree of progress of the dephosphorization reaction in the decarburization treatment is further added to the estimation of the phosphorus concentration in the molten steel, so that the estimation accuracy of the phosphorus concentration in the molten steel can be further improved.
- time-series clustering is performed in advance on time-series data of decarbonation efficiency at the start of decarburization processing acquired from past operation data, and the time-series data is classified into a plurality of clusters. Then, a regression equation (equation (4) above) in which the categorical variable for each cluster is one of explanatory variables is constructed in advance for each cluster.
- a measurement point means the measurement time of decarboxylation efficiency in the object range of the said time-series data. For example, in each cluster shown in FIG. 2, time series data up to a point at which 50 seconds have elapsed from the start of the decarburization processing are classified. If the decarboxylation efficiency is measured every second, the number of measurement points is 50.
- time series data (S j ) of the decarboxylation efficiency at the time of actual decarburization processing, which is an object to estimate the dephosphorization rate constant k, is acquired, and the time series data of the obtained decarboxylation efficiency and each cluster
- the difference between the time-series data S j and the average value ⁇ ave, j is obtained as the similarity to the above for each cluster.
- the cluster having the smallest difference is determined to be the cluster to which the time series data (S j ) belongs, and the categorical variable corresponding to this cluster is used as an explanatory variable relating to the operation factor.
- the difference any known one can be used, but the difference may be, for example, a sum of squared difference (SSD) shown by the following equation (8).
- the said difference is suitably calculated
- the dephosphorization rate constant k can be calculated by substituting the obtained categorical variable into the constructed regression equation together with other explanatory variables.
- the explanatory variable based on the time-series data of the decarboxylation efficiency is not limited to the example described above.
- an average value or an intermediate value of time series data of decarboxylation efficiency at the start of the decarburization process, a change rate of the time series data, or the like may be used as an explanatory variable.
- FIG. 3 is a figure which shows the structural example of the converter blasting system 1 which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention.
- the converter blowing system 1 according to the present embodiment includes a converter blowing facility 10, a converter blowing control device 20, a measurement control device 30, and an operation database 40.
- the converter blowing facility 10 includes a converter 11, a flue 12, a top blowing lance 13, a sublance 14, an exhaust gas component analyzer 101, and an exhaust gas flow meter 102.
- the converter blowing facility 10 starts and stops the supply of oxygen to the hot metal by the upper blowing lance 13 based on the control signal output from the measurement control device 30, for example, the concentration of components in the molten steel by the sublance 14, and the molten steel
- the temperature measurement, the charging of the cooling material and the auxiliary raw material (for example, quick lime etc.), and the disposal of molten steel and slag by the converter 11 are performed.
- a feed device for supplying oxygen to the upper blow lance 13 a cold material input device having a drive system for introducing the cold material to the converter 11, and
- various devices used for blowing in a general converter such as a secondary material feeding device having a drive system for feeding the secondary material into the furnace 11.
- An upper blowing lance 13 used for blowing is inserted from the furnace port of the converter 11, and oxygen 15 sent from an acid feeder is supplied to the hot metal in the furnace through the upper blowing lance 13.
- an inert gas such as nitrogen gas or argon gas may be introduced from the bottom of the converter 11 as the bottom blowing gas 16 for stirring the hot metal.
- a hot metal, a cold material for adjusting the temperature of the hot metal (molten steel), and an auxiliary material for forming slag such as quick lime which is a CaO source are introduced.
- the powder auxiliary material may be supplied into the converter 11 together with the oxygen 15 through the upper blowing lance 13.
- oxygen injected and carbon, phosphorus, silicon or the like in the hot metal react to form an oxide.
- the oxide produced by blowing is discharged as exhaust gas or stabilized as slag.
- Carbon is removed by oxidation reaction in blowing and phosphorus and the like are taken into slag and removed, thereby producing a low carbon steel with few impurities.
- the sublance 14 inserted from the furnace port of the converter 11 is immersed in molten steel at a predetermined timing at the time of decarburization processing, and measures the component concentration in the molten steel including the carbon concentration, the molten steel temperature, etc.
- Used for The measurement of molten steel data such as the component concentration and / or molten steel temperature by the sublance 14 is hereinafter referred to as "sublance measurement”.
- the molten steel data obtained by the sublance measurement is transmitted to the converter blow controller 20 via the measurement controller 30.
- the exhaust gas generated by the blowing flows to a flue 12 provided outside the converter 11.
- an exhaust gas component analyzer 101 and an exhaust gas flow meter 102 are provided.
- the exhaust gas component analyzer 101 analyzes components contained in the exhaust gas.
- the exhaust gas component analyzer 101 analyzes, for example, the concentration of CO and CO 2 contained in the exhaust gas.
- the exhaust gas flow meter 102 measures the flow rate of the exhaust gas.
- the exhaust gas component analyzer 101 and the exhaust gas flow meter 102 sequentially perform the component analysis and the flow rate measurement of the exhaust gas at a predetermined sampling cycle (for example, a cycle of 5 to 10 (sec)).
- exhaust gas data Data concerning exhaust gas components analyzed by the exhaust gas component analyzer 101 and data concerning exhaust gas flow rate measured by the exhaust gas flow meter 102 (hereinafter, these data are referred to as "exhaust gas data") are measurement control devices
- the data are output as time-series data to the converter blowing controller 20 through the reference numeral 30. It is preferable that the exhaust gas data be sequentially output to the converter blowing controller 20 in order for the converter blowing controller 20 to sequentially estimate the phosphorus concentration in molten steel.
- the converter blow-blowing control device 20 includes a data acquisition unit 201, a cluster determination unit 202, a clustering execution unit 203, a phosphorus concentration estimation unit 204, a converter blow-blowing database 21, and an input / output unit 22.
- the converter blow-blowing control device 20 has a hardware configuration such as a central processing unit (CPU), a read only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a storage, and a communication device.
- CPU central processing unit
- ROM read only memory
- RAM random access memory
- storage a communication device.
- the functions of the data acquisition unit 201, the cluster determination unit 202, the clustering execution unit 203, and the phosphorus concentration estimation unit 204 are realized by these hardware configurations.
- the converter blasting database 21 is a database which stores the various data used in the converter blasting control apparatus 20, and is implement
- the input / output unit 22 is realized by an input device such as a keyboard, a mouse, or a touch panel, an output device such as a display or a printer, and a communication device.
- the converter blasting control device 20 includes various data stored in the converter blasting database 21, exhaust gas data acquired from the exhaust gas component analyzer 101 and the exhaust gas flow meter 102, and molten steel data acquired from the sublance 14.
- the phosphorus concentration in molten steel is estimated, using as an input value.
- the molten steel phosphorus concentration is estimated by the function of each functional unit of the converter blowing controller 20.
- the converter blowing controller 20 may use the estimated molten steel phosphorus concentration to control the operation of the converter blowing. For example, when it is determined that the estimated molten steel phosphorus concentration exceeds the target molten steel phosphorus concentration stored as one of the target data 212, the converter blasting control device 20 determines the molten steel phosphorus concentration.
- the operating conditions of the converter blasting can be changed so that is below the target molten steel phosphorus concentration.
- the phosphorus concentration in the molten steel can be estimated with high accuracy, the quality of the molten steel obtained by the primary refining can be maintained high.
- the converter blowing controller 20 has a function to control the whole process regarding converter blowing, such as blowing of oxygen to the converter 11 and injection of a cold material and a secondary raw material, for example. Also, for example, the converter blowing controller 20 is carried out in general static control, using a predetermined mathematical model or the like before the start of blowing, the amount of oxygen blown into the converter 11, the cold material It has functions such as determining the input amount (hereinafter referred to as “the amount of cold material”), the input amount of the auxiliary material, and the like. Further, for example, the converter blow-blowing control device 20 has a function of controlling an object to be measured, a measurement timing, and the like of the sublance measurement performed in general dynamic control.
- the converter blowout database 21 stores hot metal data 211, target data 212, parameters 213 and the like. These data may be added, updated, changed or deleted via an input device or communication device (not shown). For example, among the various data stored in the operation database 40 described later, data used for converter blowing may be added to the converter blowing database 21. Various data stored in the converter blowout database 21 are read by the data acquisition unit 201.
- storage device which has the converter blasting database 21 which concerns on this embodiment is comprised integrally with the converter blasting control apparatus 20, as shown in FIG. 3, in other embodiment, it is comprised.
- the storage device having the converter blowout database 21 may be configured separately from the converter blowoff control device 20.
- the molten metal data 211 is various data related to molten metal in the converter 11.
- the molten metal data 211 includes information on molten metal (initial molten metal weight for each charge, concentration of molten metal components (carbon, phosphorus, silicon, iron, manganese, etc.), molten metal temperature, molten metal ratio, etc.).
- various information generally used in decarburization processing for example, information on the addition of auxiliary materials and cooling material (information on auxiliary materials and amount of cooling material), and sublance measurement Information (information about the measurement target, measurement timing, etc.), information about the amount of oxygen blown, etc. may be included.
- the target data 212 includes data such as a target component concentration and a target temperature in hot metal (in molten steel) after decarburization processing, at the time of measuring the sublance, and the like.
- the parameters 213 are various parameters used in the cluster determination unit 202 and the phosphorus concentration estimation unit 204.
- the parameter 213 includes a parameter in a regression equation in which the operation factor is an explanatory variable, and a parameter (such as dephosphorization rate constant) for estimating the phosphorus concentration.
- the input / output unit 22 has a function of acquiring, for example, the estimation result of the phosphorus concentration in molten steel by the phosphorus concentration estimation unit 204 and outputting the result to various output devices.
- the input / output unit 22 may cause the operator to display the estimated molten steel phosphorus concentration.
- the converter blowing control is performed based on the phosphorus concentration in molten steel estimated by the converter blowing squeeze control device 20
- the input / output unit 22 relates to the converter blowing smelting based on the phosphorus concentration in molten steel estimated.
- the instruction may be output to the measurement control device 30.
- the instruction may be an instruction automatically generated by the function related to the converter blowing control that the converter blowing controller 20 has, or the displayed molten steel medium phosphorus concentration (estimated value) It may be an instruction input by the operation of the operator who browsed the information related to.
- the input / output unit 22 may have a function of an input interface for adding, updating, changing, or deleting various data stored in the converter blasting database 21.
- the input / output unit 22 may output various data acquired by the data acquisition unit 201, the determination result by the cluster determination unit 202, and the estimation result by the phosphorus concentration estimation unit 204 to the operation database 40.
- the measurement control device 30 has a hardware configuration such as a CPU, a ROM, a RAM, a storage, and a communication device.
- the measurement control device 30 communicates with each device provided in the converter blasting facility 10 and has a function of controlling the overall operation of the converter blasting facility 10. For example, according to the instruction from the converter blowing controller 20, the measurement control device 30 inputs the cold material and the auxiliary raw material to the converter 11, blows the oxygen 15 of the upper blowing lance 13, and the sublance 14 Control operations related to immersion in molten steel, sublance measurement, etc.
- the measurement control device 30 acquires data obtained from each device of the converter blowing facility 10 such as the exhaust gas component analyzer 101, the exhaust gas flow meter 102 and the sublance 14, and outputs the data to the converter blowing controller 20. Send.
- the operation database 40 is a database realized by a storage device such as a storage, and is a database that stores various data related to the operation of converter blasting.
- the various data include data obtained from each device of the converter blowing facility 10 acquired by the data acquisition unit 201, a determination result by the cluster determination unit 202, and an estimation result by the phosphorus concentration estimation unit 204.
- the operation database 40 is data relating to the decarbonation efficiency obtained from the exhaust gas data measured by the exhaust gas component analyzer 101 and the exhaust gas flow meter 102 (that is, time series data of decarboxylation efficiency) Is accumulated for each operation.
- the operation database 40 outputs time series data of the decarbonation efficiency for each operation to the clustering execution unit 203.
- storage device which has the operation database 40 which concerns on this embodiment is isolate
- the converter blow-blowing control device 20 includes functional units of a data acquisition unit 201, a cluster determination unit 202, a clustering execution unit 203, and a phosphorus concentration estimation unit 204.
- the data acquisition unit 201 acquires various data for estimating the phosphorus concentration in molten steel.
- the data acquisition unit 201 acquires the hot metal data 211, the target data 212, and the parameter 213 stored in the converter blasting database 21. That is, the data acquisition unit 201 has a function as a molten metal data acquisition unit. These data are acquired at the latest before the estimation processing of phosphorus concentration in molten steel by the phosphorus concentration estimation unit 204 is started.
- the data acquisition unit 201 acquires various data stored in the converter blasting database 21 before the start of the decarburization process.
- the data acquisition unit 201 acquires exhaust gas data output from the exhaust gas component analyzer 101 and the exhaust gas flow meter 102. That is, the data acquisition unit 201 has a function as an exhaust gas data acquisition unit.
- the exhaust gas data acquired is time series data. Acquisition of exhaust gas data is conducted throughout primary refining.
- the data acquisition unit 201 according to the present embodiment sequentially acquires exhaust gas data sequentially measured by the exhaust gas component analyzer 101 and the exhaust gas flow meter 102.
- the data acquisition unit 201 can calculate the decarbonation efficiency from the acquired exhaust gas data. That is, the data acquisition unit 201 has a function as a carbon dioxide removal efficiency calculation unit.
- the decarbonation efficiency is time-series data obtained using the equation (5) from the acquired time-series data of the exhaust gas flow rate and the exhaust gas component.
- the data acquisition unit 201 calculates time series data of the decarbonation efficiency at least from the start time of the decarburization process to the elapse of a predetermined time from exhaust gas data measured sequentially.
- the data acquisition unit 201 collectively acquires exhaust gas data from the start of the decarburization process to the elapse of a predetermined time before the intermediate sublance measurement, and removes the acquired exhaust gas data. Time series data of carbonic acid efficiency may be calculated.
- the data acquisition unit 201 acquires molten steel data obtained by sublance measurement by the sublance 14 at the time of decarburization processing. That is, the data acquisition unit 201 has a function as a molten steel data acquisition unit.
- the data acquisition unit 201 acquires data related to the decarburization process in addition to the various data described above.
- the data acquisition unit 201 acquires data output from various devices provided in the converter blasting facility 10 via the measurement control device 30.
- the data acquisition unit 201 outputs the acquired data to the cluster determination unit 202 and the phosphorus concentration estimation unit 204. Further, the data acquired by the data acquisition unit 201 is stored in the operation database 40.
- the cluster determination unit 202 determines, among the plurality of clusters extracted by the clustering execution unit 203, a cluster having the highest similarity for the time-series data of the decarboxylation efficiency acquired from the data acquisition unit 201.
- the method of calculating the degree of similarity is not particularly limited, and various known methods can be used as appropriate.
- As the degree of similarity for example, as described above, it is possible to use the sum of squared differences between time-series data of the target decarboxylation efficiency and each cluster.
- the categorical variable corresponding to the cluster determined by the cluster determination unit 202 is output to the phosphorus concentration estimation unit 204.
- the categorical variable is used as an operation factor X j which is an explanatory variable of the regression equation shown in the above equation (4) used for estimation by the phosphorus concentration estimation unit 204.
- the clustering execution unit 203 performs clustering on the time series data of decarboxylation efficiency in the past operation acquired from the operation database 40 to obtain a plurality of clusters.
- the information on the cluster obtained by the clustering execution unit 203 is output to the cluster determination unit 202.
- information related to the cluster may be output to the operation database 40.
- the clustering execution unit 203 may appropriately execute clustering when the time series data of the decarboxylation efficiency in the past operation stored in the operation database 40 is updated.
- the cluster determination part 202 and the clustering execution part 203 do not need to be contained in the converter blasting control apparatus 20.
- the phosphorus concentration estimation unit 204 uses the various data output from the data acquisition unit 201 and the categorical variable, which is a variable for identifying a cluster output from the cluster determination unit 202, to obtain the phosphorus removal rate constant k. And estimate the phosphorus concentration in molten steel. Specifically, the phosphorus concentration estimation unit 204 first calculates the dephosphorization rate constant k by substituting the above various data and categorical variables as explanatory variables into the regression equation shown in the above equation (4). And the phosphorus concentration estimation part 204 estimates phosphorus concentration in molten steel by substituting the dephosphorization rate constant k calculated to said Formula (2).
- the phosphorus concentration estimation unit 204 sequentially estimates the dephosphorization rate constant k and the phosphorus concentration in molten steel sequentially after the sublance measurement by the sublance 14 (that is, after the start of acquisition of molten steel data by the data acquisition unit 201). That is, the phosphorus concentration estimation unit 204 estimates the dephosphorization rate constant k and the molten steel phosphorus concentration in the range from the time of sublance measurement to the time of blowing back of the decarburization treatment (at the end point).
- the variable for example, average value etc.
- the variable based on the time series data of decarboxylation element efficiency may be used as the said explanatory variable.
- the converter blow-blowing control device 20 may further include an operation amount calculation unit. Based on the phosphorus concentration in the molten steel estimated by the phosphorus concentration estimation unit 204, the operation amount calculation unit calculates an operation amount such as the blown oxygen amount or the cold material amount in the decarburization process, or the height of the upper blowing lance or the like. It is also good.
- the function of the operation amount calculation unit may be, for example, the same as the function disclosed in Patent Document 1 above.
- the phosphorus concentration in molten steel estimated by the phosphorus concentration estimation unit 204 according to the present embodiment is higher in accuracy than the phosphorus concentration in molten steel estimated by the technology disclosed in the above-mentioned Patent Document 1. Therefore, since the reliability of the operation amount calculated by the operation amount calculation unit is also high, it is possible to make the actual phosphorus concentration in molten steel closer to the target phosphorus concentration in molten steel.
- FIG. 4 is an example of the flowchart of the molten steel phosphorus concentration estimation method by the converter blasting system 1 which concerns on this embodiment.
- FIG. 4 a flow of a method of estimating phosphorus concentration in molten steel by the converter blasting system 1 according to the present embodiment will be described.
- the data acquiring unit 201 acquires various data such as data stored in the converter blasting database 21 before starting the converter blasting (step S101). Specifically, the data acquisition unit 201 acquires the hot metal data 211, the target data 212, and the parameter 213.
- the data acquisition unit 201 acquires data related to the decarburization process from the start of the decarburization process (step S103). Specifically, the data acquisition unit 201 sequentially acquires exhaust gas data measured by the exhaust gas component analyzer 101 and the exhaust gas flow meter 102 from the exhaust gas component analyzer 101 and the exhaust gas flow meter 102. In addition, acquisition of exhaust gas data is continuously performed from the start time of decarburization processing to the end time.
- the data acquisition process related to the decarburization process according to step S103 is a process that is repeatedly performed until a predetermined time elapses from the start time of the decarburization process (step S105). The predetermined time corresponds to the time range of the time series data of the decarbonation efficiency used in the determination process by the cluster determination unit 202 in the latter stage.
- the data acquisition unit 201 determines whether a predetermined time (a predetermined time range) has elapsed from the start of the decarburization process (step S105). If the predetermined time has not elapsed from the start of the decarburization process (step S105 / NO), the data acquisition unit 201 acquires data relating to the decarboxylation efficiency (step S107). Specifically, the data acquisition unit 201 sequentially calculates the decarboxylation efficiency from the exhaust gas data acquired sequentially, from the start of the decarburization process to the time when a predetermined time elapses, Get time-lapse data of prime efficiency.
- a predetermined time a predetermined time range
- the cluster determination unit 202 sets the operation factor as the operation factor based on the time-series data of the decarboxylation efficiency obtained in step S107.
- the cluster to be used is determined (step S109). Specifically, the cluster determination unit 202 determines, among the clusters extracted by the clustering execution unit 203, the cluster having the highest similarity among the time series data of the decarboxylation efficiency at the start of the decarburization process of the main charge. .
- the cluster determination unit 202 outputs the categorical variable corresponding to the cluster determined here to the phosphorus concentration estimation unit 204.
- the data acquisition unit 201 continues to acquire data related to the decarburization process (step S111).
- the data acquisition process related to the decarburization process according to step S111 is a process that is repeatedly performed from the time when a predetermined time has elapsed from the start time of the decarburization process to the end time of the decarburization process (step S117).
- the process according to step S111 is similar to the process according to step S103. Further, at the timing when the sublance measurement is performed, the data acquisition unit 201 acquires molten steel data.
- the phosphorus concentration estimation unit 204 determines whether sublance measurement has already been performed in the method for estimating phosphorus concentration in molten steel according to the present embodiment (step S113). If the sublance measurement has not been performed yet (step S113 / NO), the phosphorus concentration estimation unit 204 does not estimate the phosphorus concentration in molten steel, and the data acquisition unit 201 repeatedly uses data related to decarburization processing such as exhaust gas data. It acquires (step S111). On the other hand, when the sublance measurement has already been performed (step S113 / YES), the phosphorus concentration estimation unit 204 estimates the phosphorus concentration in molten steel (step S115).
- the phosphorus concentration estimation unit 204 first estimates the dephosphorization rate constant k and the phosphorus concentration in molten steel at the time of sublance measurement. This is because the molten steel temperature actual value and the molten steel carbon concentration actual value obtained by the sublance measurement are effective due to the high accuracy of the estimation of the dephosphorization rate constant k. More specifically, the dephosphorization rate constant is obtained by first substituting explanatory variables based on various data including the actual temperature of molten steel and the actual value of carbon concentration in molten steel obtained by the sublance measurement into the regression equation of the above equation (4) get k.
- the hot metal phosphorus concentration is made the phosphorus concentration initial value [P] ini , and decarburization treatment
- the phosphorus concentration [P] at the time of sublance measurement is determined by substituting the elapsed time from the start to the time of sublance measurement as t in the above equation (2).
- the phosphorus concentration estimation unit 204 determines whether the decarburization processing has ended (step S117).
- the phosphorus concentration estimation unit 204 sets the estimated value of phosphorus concentration in molten steel at the time of the sublance measurement as an initial value until the time when the decarburization processing is completed.
- the estimation of the dephosphorization rate constant k according to the equation (4) and the estimation of the phosphorus concentration in the molten steel according to the equation (2) using the estimated k are repeated (the process according to step S111 to step S115).
- the phosphorus concentration estimation unit 204 ends the estimation processing of the phosphorus concentration in molten steel according to the present embodiment.
- the timing at which the process of step S101 and the processes of step S107 and step S109 are performed is not particularly limited as long as it is before the process of estimating the molten steel phosphorus concentration in step S115 is started.
- the data acquisition unit 201 acquires data relating to the decarboxylation efficiency all at once from various devices
- the determination process of S may be completed before the estimation process of the molten steel phosphorus concentration in step S115 is started. This is because it is sufficient if the data used to estimate the phosphorus concentration in the molten steel is prepared at the start of the estimation processing of the phosphorus concentration in the molten steel in step S115.
- the hatching condition of the CaO source in the decarburization process reflects the degree of progress of the dephosphorization reaction that affects the phosphorus concentration in the molten steel.
- the hatching status of this CaO source is related to the decarbonation efficiency in the decarburization treatment. From this, according to the present embodiment, as one of operation factors used as an explanatory variable for calculating the dephosphorization rate constant k, time-series data of decarboxylation efficiency at the start of the decarburization treatment (and / Or an average value of time series data of decarboxylation efficiency is used.
- the decarboxylation efficiency obtained at the time of the decarburization treatment is applied to the estimation of the phosphorus concentration in molten steel as the state of hatching of CaO related to the degree of progress of the dephosphorization reaction.
- a categorical variable identifying a cluster obtained by time series clustering performed on time series data of decarbonation efficiency at the time of operation in the past is used as an explanatory variable relating to an operation factor. . Then, a cluster similar to the tendency indicated by the time series data of decarboxylation efficiency obtained at the time of actual operation is determined, and the categorical variable corresponding to the determined cluster is regressed as an explanatory variable relating to the operation factor of the charge. Assigned to an expression. As a result, it is possible to simply reflect the variation pattern of the decarboxylation efficiency at the start of the decarburization treatment in the estimation of the dephosphorization rate constant k. That is, the estimation accuracy of the molten steel phosphorus concentration in converter blasting can be further enhanced.
- the structure shown in FIG. 3 is an example of the converter blasting system 1 which concerns on this embodiment to the last, and the specific structure of the converter blasting system 1 is not limited to this example.
- the converter blasting system 1 may be configured to be able to realize the functions described above, and can take any configuration that can be generally assumed.
- each function with which the converter blowout control device 20 is provided may not be performed in one device, and may be performed by cooperation of a plurality of devices.
- one apparatus having only one or more of the functions of the data acquisition unit 201, the cluster determination unit 202, the clustering execution unit 203, and the phosphorus concentration estimation unit 204 may be combined with another device having another function.
- functions equivalent to those of the illustrated converter blow-blowing control device 20 may be realized.
- a computer program for realizing each function of the converter blow-blowing control device 20 according to the present embodiment shown in FIG. 3 and to install it on a processing device such as a PC.
- a computer readable recording medium in which such a computer program is recorded can be provided.
- the recording medium is, for example, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a magneto-optical disk, a flash memory or the like.
- the above computer program may be distributed via, for example, a network without using a recording medium.
- the application object of this invention is not limited only to SRP operation.
- the converter blasting system 1 according to the present invention performs the hot metal pretreatment using equipment such as a ladle and a torpedo car
- the converter is charged with the molten iron and decarburized, and removal
- the present invention is also applicable to an operation using a plurality of converters, in which dephosphorization is performed using a converter different from the converter that performs charcoal treatment.
- the converter blasting system 1 which concerns on this invention is applicable also to the ordinary kiln operation which a hot metal pre-processing is not implemented.
- the phosphorus concentration initial value [P] ini is, for example, the phosphorus concentration actually measured after the desulfurization treatment which is a general pre-process.
- the phosphorus concentration in the molten steel at the time of sublance measurement was calculated for each of the example and the comparative example.
- the phosphorus concentration in the molten steel was obtained by substituting the dephosphorization rate constant k obtained by the above equation (4) into the above equation (2).
- the calculated molten steel phosphorus concentration is hereinafter referred to as "estimated value”.
- the actual value of the molten steel phosphorus concentration at the time of sublance measurement was measured in order to verify the estimation accuracy of the molten steel phosphorus concentration according to the example and the comparative example.
- the error (estimated error) between the estimated value of the molten steel phosphorus concentration and the actual value according to the example and the comparative example was calculated, and the standard deviation (%) of the estimated error was determined. The smaller the standard deviation, the smaller the estimation error, ie, the higher the estimation accuracy.
- the explanatory variables used for the regression shown by said Formula (4) are as showing in following Table 2.
- the conventional operation factor shown in the above-mentioned Table 1 was used as an explanatory variable.
- categorical variables corresponding to the clusters determined by the cluster determination unit 202 with respect to time series data of the decarboxylation efficiency were used.
- FIG. 5 is a graph showing the standard deviation of the estimation error relative to the actual value of the phosphorus concentration in molten steel at the time of measuring the sublance according to the example and the comparative example.
- the standard deviation of the estimation error is smaller than that of the comparative example, and it can be seen that the estimation accuracy of the molten steel phosphorus concentration is further improved.
- the inventors of the present invention have found that the dephosphorization efficiency tends to fluctuate depending on the state of transition of the decarboxylation efficiency as a result of analyzing the regression results according to the regression equation represented by the above equation (4) for each charge.
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Abstract
Description
本実施形態に係る転炉吹錬システム1の構成および機能について説明する前に、本実施形態に係る溶鋼中りん濃度の推定方法について説明する。なお、以下の説明においては、特に説明がない限り、各成分の濃度の単位である(質量%)は、(%)と記載する。
吹錬中の溶鋼中りん濃度[P](%)の時間変化が1次反応式で表されると仮定すると、当該1次反応式は、下記式(1)のように示される。
CaO源の滓化は、転炉内に吹込まれた酸素が溶鋼中のFeと反応して、FeOが多く生成されることにより、進行しやすくなると考えられる。この場合、転炉内に吹込まれた酸素が溶鋼中の炭素と反応する割合が、低下し得る。そこで、転炉内に吹込まれた酸素の、溶鋼中の炭素との反応状況を把握することにより、CaO源の滓化状況を把握することができる旨に本発明者らは想到した。
次に、実際の操業時において、上述した各時系列データのクラスタリング結果を脱りん速度定数kの推定に用いる方法について説明する。
<2.1.転炉吹錬システムの構成>
続いて、上記に示した本実施形態に係る溶鋼中りん濃度の推定方法を実現するためのシステムの一例について説明する。図3は、本発明の一実施形態に係る転炉吹錬システム1の構成例を示す図である。図3を参照すると、本実施形態に係る転炉吹錬システム1は、転炉吹錬設備10、転炉吹錬制御装置20、計測制御装置30および操業データベース40を備える。
転炉吹錬設備10は、転炉11、煙道12、上吹きランス13、サブランス14、排ガス成分分析計101および排ガス流量計102を備える。転炉吹錬設備10は、例えば、計測制御装置30より出力された制御信号に基づいて、上吹きランス13による溶銑への酸素の供給の開始および停止、サブランス14による溶鋼中の成分濃度および溶鋼温度の測定、冷材および副原料(例えば生石灰等)の投入、並びに、転炉11による溶鋼およびスラグの排滓に関する処理を行う。転炉吹錬設備10には、上吹きランス13に対して酸素を供給するための送酸装置、転炉11に対して冷材を投入するための駆動系を有する冷材投入装置、並びに転炉11に対して副原料を投入するための駆動系を有する副原料投入装置等、一般的な転炉による吹錬に用いられる各種装置が設けられ得る。
転炉吹錬制御装置20は、データ取得部201、クラスタ決定部202、クラスタリング実行部203、りん濃度推定部204、転炉吹錬データベース21および入出力部22を備える。転炉吹錬制御装置20は、CPU(Central Processing Unit)、ROM(Read Only Memory)、RAM(Random Access Memory)、ストレージおよび通信装置等のハードウェア構成を備える。転炉吹錬制御装置20では、これらハードウェア構成によって、データ取得部201、クラスタ決定部202、クラスタリング実行部203およびりん濃度推定部204の各機能が実現される。また、転炉吹錬データベース21は、転炉吹錬制御装置20において用いられる各種データを格納するデータベースであり、ストレージ等の記憶装置により実現される。また、入出力部22は、キーボード、マウス、またはタッチパネル等の入力装置、ディスプレイ、またはプリンタ等の出力装置、および、通信装置により実現される。
計測制御装置30は、CPU、ROM、RAM、ストレージおよび通信装置等のハードウェア構成を備える。計測制御装置30は、転炉吹錬設備10の備える各装置と通信し、転炉吹錬設備10の全体の動作を制御する機能を有する。例えば、計測制御装置30は、転炉吹錬制御装置20からの指示に応じて、転炉11への冷材および副原料の投入、上吹きランス13の酸素15の吹込み、並びにサブランス14の溶鋼への浸漬およびサブランス測定等に係る操作を制御する。また、計測制御装置30は、排ガス成分分析計101、排ガス流量計102およびサブランス14等の転炉吹錬設備10の各装置から得られたデータを取得して、転炉吹錬制御装置20に送信する。
操業データベース40は、ストレージ等の記憶装置により実現されるデータベースであり、転炉吹錬の操業に係る各種データを格納するデータベースである。当該各種データは、データ取得部201により取得された転炉吹錬設備10の各装置から得られるデータ、並びにクラスタ決定部202による決定結果、およびりん濃度推定部204による推定結果を含む。
次に、本実施形態に係る転炉吹錬制御装置20の各機能部の構成および機能について説明する。
データ取得部201は、溶鋼中りん濃度を推定するための各種データを取得する。例えば、データ取得部201は、転炉吹錬データベース21に記憶されている溶銑データ211、目標データ212およびパラメータ213を取得する。すなわち、データ取得部201は、溶銑データ取得部としての機能を有する。これらのデータは、遅くとも、りん濃度推定部204による溶鋼中りん濃度の推定処理が開始される前に取得される。本実施形態に係るデータ取得部201は、転炉吹錬データベース21に記憶されている各種データを、脱炭処理開始前に取得する。
クラスタ決定部202は、クラスタリング実行部203により取り出される複数のクラスタのうち、データ取得部201から取得した脱炭酸素効率の時系列データについて最も類似度の高いクラスタを決定する。ここで、類似度の算出方法については、特に限定されず、公知の各種の方法を適宜利用することができる。かかる類似度として、例えば上記のように、着目している脱炭酸素効率の時系列データと、各クラスタとの差分二乗和を用いることができる。クラスタ決定部202により決定されたクラスタに対応するカテゴリ変数は、りん濃度推定部204に出力される。当該カテゴリ変数は、りん濃度推定部204による推定に用いられる上記式(4)に示した回帰式の説明変数である操業要因Xjとして用いられる。
本実施形態に係るりん濃度推定部204は、データ取得部201から出力された各種データ、およびクラスタ決定部202から出力されたクラスタを識別する変数であるカテゴリ変数を用いて、脱りん速度定数kおよび溶鋼中りん濃度を推定する。具体的には、りん濃度推定部204は、まず、上記の各種データおよびカテゴリ変数を説明変数として、上記式(4)に示す回帰式に代入することにより、脱りん速度定数kを算出する。そして、りん濃度推定部204は、上記式(2)に算出した脱りん速度定数kを代入することにより、溶鋼中りん濃度を推定する。りん濃度推定部204は、サブランス14によるサブランス測定以降(すなわち、データ取得部201による溶鋼データの取得の開始以降)、逐次的に脱りん速度定数kおよび溶鋼中りん濃度を推定する。すなわち、サブランス測定以降、脱炭処理の吹止め時(終点時)までの範囲における脱りん速度定数kおよび溶鋼中りん濃度が、りん濃度推定部204により推定される。
図4は、本実施形態に係る転炉吹錬システム1による溶鋼中りん濃度推定方法のフローチャートの一例である。図4を参照しながら、本実施形態に係る転炉吹錬システム1による溶鋼中りん濃度推定方法のフローについて説明する。なお、図4に示す各処理は、図3に示す転炉吹錬制御装置20によって実行される各処理に対応している。そのため、図4に示す各処理の詳細については省略し、各処理の概要を説明するに留める。
脱炭処理におけるCaO源の滓化状況は、溶鋼中りん濃度に影響する脱りん反応の進行の程度を反映する。このCaO源の滓化状況は、脱炭処理における脱炭酸素効率に関係する。このことから、本実施形態によれば、脱りん速度定数kを算出するための説明変数に用いられる操業要因の一つとして、脱炭処理の始期における脱炭酸素効率の時系列データ(および/または脱炭酸素効率の時系列データの平均値)が用いられる。すなわち、脱りん反応の進行の程度と関係するCaOの滓化状況として、脱炭処理時に取得される脱炭酸素効率が溶鋼中りん濃度の推定に適用される。これにより、本実施形態によれば、転炉吹錬における溶鋼中りん濃度の推定精度をより高くすることができる。
10 転炉吹錬設備
11 転炉
12 煙道
13 上吹きランス
14 サブランス
20 転炉吹錬制御装置
21 転炉吹錬データベース
22 入出力部
30 計測制御装置
40 操業データベース
101 排ガス成分分析計
102 排ガス流量計
201 データ取得部
202 クラスタ決定部
203 クラスタリング実行部
204 りん濃度推定部
Claims (8)
- 転炉を用いた脱炭処理の前に、脱りん処理を行わない場合、または、前記脱炭処理で用いる前記転炉とは異なる設備により前記脱りん処理を行う場合の、前記脱炭処理時の溶鋼中りん濃度を推定するための溶鋼中りん濃度推定方法であって、
排ガス成分および排ガス流量を取得する排ガスデータ取得ステップと、
サブランス測定により溶鋼温度および溶鋼中の炭素濃度を取得する溶鋼データ取得ステップと、
前記排ガス成分および前記排ガス流量を用いて得られる脱炭酸素効率に係るデータ、前記排ガス成分、前記排ガス流量、前記溶鋼温度および前記炭素濃度に係るデータ、並びに、前記脱炭処理に係る操業条件を用いて脱りん速度定数を算出し、算出された前記脱りん速度定数と、前記脱炭処理開始時の溶鋼中のりん濃度とを用いて、前記サブランス測定以降における前記溶鋼中のりん濃度を推定するりん濃度推定ステップと、
を含む、溶鋼中りん濃度推定方法。 - 前記脱りん速度定数の算出において、過去の操業において取得された複数の前記脱炭酸素効率の時系列データに対して行われた時系列クラスタリングにより得られるクラスタを識別するカテゴリ変数を用いる、請求項1に記載の溶鋼中りん濃度推定方法。
- 転炉を用いた脱炭処理の前に、脱りん処理を行わない場合、または、前記脱炭処理で用いる前記転炉とは異なる設備により前記脱りん処理を行う場合の、前記脱炭処理時の溶鋼中りん濃度を推定する転炉吹錬制御装置であって、
排ガス成分および排ガス流量を取得する排ガスデータ取得部と、
サブランス測定により溶鋼温度および溶鋼中の炭素濃度を取得する溶鋼データ取得部と、
前記排ガス成分および前記排ガス流量を用いて得られる脱炭酸素効率に係るデータ、前記排ガス成分、前記排ガス流量、前記溶鋼温度および前記炭素濃度に係るデータ、並びに、前記脱炭処理に係る操業条件を用いて脱りん速度定数を算出し、算出された前記脱りん速度定数と、前記脱炭処理開始時の溶鋼中のりん濃度とを用いて、前記サブランス測定以降における前記溶鋼中のりん濃度を推定するりん濃度推定部と、
を備える、転炉吹錬制御装置。 - 前記りん濃度推定部は、前記脱りん速度定数の算出において、過去の操業において取得された複数の前記脱炭酸素効率の時系列データに対して行われた時系列クラスタリングにより得られるクラスタを識別するカテゴリ変数を用いる、請求項3に記載の転炉吹錬制御装置。
- 転炉を用いた脱炭処理の前に、脱りん処理を行わない場合、または、前記脱炭処理で用いる前記転炉とは異なる設備により前記脱りん処理を行う場合の、前記脱炭処理時の溶鋼中りん濃度を推定する転炉吹錬制御装置としてコンピュータを機能させるためのプログラムであって、
排ガス成分および排ガス流量を取得する排ガスデータ取得機能と、
サブランス測定により溶鋼温度および溶鋼中の炭素濃度を取得する溶鋼データ取得機能と、
前記排ガス成分および前記排ガス流量を用いて得られる脱炭酸素効率に係るデータ、前記排ガス成分、前記排ガス流量、前記溶鋼温度および前記炭素濃度に係るデータ、並びに、前記脱炭処理に係る操業条件を用いて脱りん速度定数を算出し、算出された前記脱りん速度定数と、前記脱炭処理開始時の溶鋼中のりん濃度とを用いて、前記サブランス測定以降における前記溶鋼中のりん濃度を推定するりん濃度推定機能と、
をコンピュータに実現させるためのプログラム。 - 前記りん濃度推定機能は、前記脱りん速度定数の算出において、過去の操業において取得された複数の前記脱炭酸素効率の時系列データに対して行われた時系列クラスタリングにより得られるクラスタを識別するカテゴリ変数を用いる、請求項5に記載のプログラム。
- 転炉を用いた脱炭処理の前に、脱りん処理を行わない場合、または、前記脱炭処理で用いる前記転炉とは異なる設備により前記脱りん処理を行う場合の、前記脱炭処理時の溶鋼中りん濃度を推定する転炉吹錬制御装置としてコンピュータを機能させるためのプログラムが記録された記録媒体であって、
排ガス成分および排ガス流量を取得する排ガスデータ取得機能と、
サブランス測定により溶鋼温度および溶鋼中の炭素濃度を取得する溶鋼データ取得機能と、
前記排ガス成分および前記排ガス流量を用いて得られる脱炭酸素効率に係るデータ、前記排ガス成分、前記排ガス流量、前記溶鋼温度および前記炭素濃度に係るデータ、並びに、前記脱炭処理に係る操業条件を用いて脱りん速度定数を算出し、算出された前記脱りん速度定数と、前記脱炭処理開始時の溶鋼中のりん濃度とを用いて、前記サブランス測定以降における前記溶鋼中のりん濃度を推定するりん濃度推定機能と、
をコンピュータに実現させるためのプログラムが記録された記録媒体。 - 前記りん濃度推定機能は、前記脱りん速度定数の算出において、過去の操業において取得された複数の前記脱炭酸素効率の時系列データに対して行われた時系列クラスタリングにより得られるクラスタを識別するカテゴリ変数を用いる、請求項7に記載の記録媒体。
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