WO2019037301A1 - 像素驱动电路及其驱动方法 - Google Patents

像素驱动电路及其驱动方法 Download PDF

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WO2019037301A1
WO2019037301A1 PCT/CN2017/111374 CN2017111374W WO2019037301A1 WO 2019037301 A1 WO2019037301 A1 WO 2019037301A1 CN 2017111374 W CN2017111374 W CN 2017111374W WO 2019037301 A1 WO2019037301 A1 WO 2019037301A1
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node
control signal
driving circuit
thin film
pixel driving
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PCT/CN2017/111374
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English (en)
French (fr)
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陈小龙
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深圳市华星光电半导体显示技术有限公司
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Priority to US15/580,280 priority Critical patent/US10366655B1/en
Publication of WO2019037301A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019037301A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/22—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources
    • G09G3/30—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels
    • G09G3/32—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • G09G3/3208—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED]
    • G09G3/3225—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED] using an active matrix
    • G09G3/3258—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED] using an active matrix with pixel circuitry controlling the voltage across the light-emitting element
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/22—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources
    • G09G3/30—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels
    • G09G3/32—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • G09G3/3208—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED]
    • G09G3/3266—Details of drivers for scan electrodes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/22—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources
    • G09G3/30—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels
    • G09G3/32—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • G09G3/3208—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED]
    • G09G3/3225—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED] using an active matrix
    • G09G3/3233—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED] using an active matrix with pixel circuitry controlling the current through the light-emitting element
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/22—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources
    • G09G3/30—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels
    • G09G3/32—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • G09G3/3208—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED]
    • G09G3/3275—Details of drivers for data electrodes
    • G09G3/3291—Details of drivers for data electrodes in which the data driver supplies a variable data voltage for setting the current through, or the voltage across, the light-emitting elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2300/00—Aspects of the constitution of display devices
    • G09G2300/08—Active matrix structure, i.e. with use of active elements, inclusive of non-linear two terminal elements, in the pixels together with light emitting or modulating elements
    • G09G2300/0809—Several active elements per pixel in active matrix panels
    • G09G2300/0819—Several active elements per pixel in active matrix panels used for counteracting undesired variations, e.g. feedback or autozeroing
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2320/00—Control of display operating conditions
    • G09G2320/02—Improving the quality of display appearance
    • G09G2320/0233—Improving the luminance or brightness uniformity across the screen
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2330/00—Aspects of power supply; Aspects of display protection and defect management

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of display technologies, and in particular, to a pixel driving circuit and a driving method thereof.
  • organic light-emitting diode (OLED) display panels are favored by the market because of their low power consumption, high color gamut, high brightness, high resolution, wide viewing angle, and high response speed.
  • the OLED display device can be classified into two types: passive matrix OLED (PMOLED) and active matrix OLED (AMOLED) according to the driving method.
  • PMOLED passive matrix OLED
  • AMOLED active matrix OLED
  • the AMOLED has pixels arranged in an array, belongs to an active display type, has high luminous efficiency, and is generally used as a high-definition large-sized display device.
  • AMOLED is a current-driven device. The brightness is determined by the current flowing through the OLED itself.
  • Most existing chips (IC) only transmit voltage signals, so the AMOLED pixel driving circuit must complete the task of converting the voltage signal into a current signal.
  • FIG. 1 it is a schematic diagram of a 2T1C (2transistor 1 capacitance) pixel driving circuit of an existing OLED (Organic Light Emitting Diode).
  • the 2T1C refers to a circuit mainly including two thin film transistors (TFTs) and one capacitor (C), one of which The thin film transistor T2 is a switching TFT controlled by the scan signal Gate for controlling the entry of the data signal Data, which is a charging switch for controlling the capacitor Cst, and the other thin film transistor T1 is a driving TFT for driving the OLED to control the current through the OLED.
  • the capacitor Cst is mainly used to store the data signal Data and thereby control the driving current of the T1 to the OLED.
  • the scan signal Gate may be from a gate driver corresponding to a certain row of scan lines
  • the data signal Data may be from a source driver corresponding to a column of data lines.
  • OVDD is the high potential of the power supply
  • OVSS is the low potential of the power supply.
  • K is an intrinsic conductivity factor
  • the magnitude of the saturation current Ids, sat is related to the threshold voltage Vth of the driving TFT (T1).
  • the threshold voltage Vth of the driving TFT of each sub-pixel in the panel is different. Therefore, even if the data TFTs (Vdata) are equally applied to the driving TFTs (Driving TFTs) of the respective pixels, the current flowing into the organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) may be inconsistent, resulting in difficulty in achieving uniformity of display image quality.
  • the TFT material is aged and mutated, and the threshold voltage Vth of the driving TFT may drift.
  • the degree of aging of the TFT materials in the board is different, which causes the threshold voltage Vth of each driving TFT in the panel to drift differently, which also causes unevenness of the panel display, and the aging of the TFT material becomes more serious as the driving time changes. .
  • the driving voltage is the same, the illuminating current flowing through the organic light emitting diode is likely to be different, resulting in uneven brightness.
  • the aging of the illuminating transistor device causes the turn-on voltage of the illuminating transistor to rise, and the current flowing into the OLED is gradually reduced, resulting in problems such as lower panel brightness and lower luminous efficiency.
  • the size of I ds,sat in the 2T1C driving circuit of the existing OLED is related to the threshold voltage Vth of the driving TFT.
  • This driving circuit may cause unevenness of panel display and may be affected by OLED degradation. Therefore, the prior art also provides a 5T2C driving circuit of the OLED as shown in FIG. 2, and FIG. 3 is a timing chart thereof, mainly including thin film transistors MD, M1 to M4, capacitors C1 and C2, and control signals including Scan1, Scan2, EM. And data.
  • the 5T2C architecture shown in FIG. 2 can eliminate the threshold voltage Vth of the driving TFT, the potential of the node A in the data writing and the illuminating (Emission) phase is maintained at Vdata+OVDD-Vth-Vref; The non-uniformity causes the V OLEDs of the sub-pixels to be inconsistent. If the reference potential Vref is too large, the OLED emits light during the reset phase; if the reference potential Vref is too small, the above data is written and illuminated ( Emission) The potential of the node A is too large, causing the driving TFT to be in an off state, so the size of the Vref is difficult to grasp.
  • the prior art also provides a 6T2C pixel driving circuit.
  • FIG. 4 it is a 6T2C pixel driving circuit and timing diagram of the existing OLED.
  • T1 to T6 may cause problems such as complicated Pixel Layout design and a decrease in aperture ratio; and more timing is required.
  • the control signals (5), Scan1, Scan2, Scan3, EM1, and EM2 cause the timing controller (TCON) to become complicated.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a driving method of a pixel driving circuit that eliminates the influence of a threshold voltage Vth of a driving TFT in an OLED driving circuit on a light emitting diode.
  • the present invention provides a pixel driving circuit comprising:
  • a first thin film transistor having a gate connected to the first node, and a source and a drain connected to the second node and the third node, respectively;
  • a second thin film transistor having a gate connected to the scan signal, and a source and a drain connected to the fourth node and the voltage input terminal, respectively;
  • a third thin film transistor having a gate connected to the scan signal, and a source and a drain connected to the first node and the second reference potential, respectively;
  • a fourth thin film transistor having a gate connected to the first control signal, and a source and a drain respectively connected to the third node and the power supply high potential;
  • a fifth thin film transistor having a gate connected to a second control signal, and a source and a drain respectively connected to the anode of the second node and the OLED;
  • the cathode of the OLED is connected to the power source at a low potential
  • the second capacitor has two ends connected to the second node and the fourth node, respectively.
  • the timing of the scan signal, the first control signal, and the second control signal are configured to include a data voltage writing and threshold voltage storage phase, a charge sharing phase, and a light emitting display phase.
  • the voltage input terminal inputs a data voltage.
  • the voltage input terminal inputs a first reference potential.
  • the scan signal is at a high potential
  • the first control signal is at a high potential
  • the second control signal is at a low potential
  • the scan signal is at a high potential
  • the first control signal is a low potential
  • the second control signal is a low potential
  • the scan signal is at a low potential
  • the first control signal is at a high potential
  • the second control signal is at a high potential
  • the present invention also provides a driving method of the pixel driving circuit, comprising: configuring a timing of the scan signal, the first control signal, and the second control signal to include a data voltage writing and threshold voltage storage phase, and a charge sharing phase, And the illuminating display stage.
  • the voltage input terminal inputs a data voltage.
  • the voltage input terminal inputs a first reference potential.
  • the invention also provides a pixel driving circuit, comprising:
  • a first thin film transistor having a gate connected to the first node, and a source and a drain connected to the second node and the third node, respectively;
  • a second thin film transistor having a gate connected to the scan signal, and a source and a drain connected to the fourth node and the voltage input terminal, respectively;
  • a third thin film transistor having a gate connected to the scan signal, and a source and a drain connected to the first node and the second reference potential, respectively;
  • a fourth thin film transistor having a gate connected to the first control signal, and a source and a drain respectively connected to the third node and the power supply high potential;
  • a fifth thin film transistor having a gate connected to a second control signal, and a source and a drain respectively connected to the anode of the second node and the OLED;
  • the cathode of the OLED is connected to the power source at a low potential
  • the timings of the scan signal, the first control signal, and the second control signal are configured to include a data voltage writing and threshold voltage storage phase, a charge sharing phase, and a light emitting display phase;
  • the voltage input terminal inputs a data voltage
  • the voltage input terminal inputs a first reference potential
  • the scan signal is at a high potential
  • the first control signal is at a high potential
  • the second control signal is at a low potential
  • the pixel driving circuit and the driving method thereof of the present invention eliminate the influence of the threshold voltage Vth on the light emitting diode, improve the uniformity of the panel display, and improve the luminous efficiency.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a 2T1C pixel driving circuit of a conventional OLED
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a 5T2C pixel driving circuit of a conventional OLED
  • Figure 3 is a timing diagram of Figure 2;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a 6T2C pixel driving circuit and timing of a conventional OLED
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic circuit diagram of a pixel driving circuit according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing the state and timing of a circuit in a data voltage writing and threshold voltage storage phase according to a preferred embodiment of the pixel driving circuit of the present invention
  • FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram of a pixel driving circuit of the present invention in a charge sharing phase
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing the state and timing of a circuit in a light-emitting display stage according to a preferred embodiment of the pixel driving circuit of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 it is a circuit diagram of a preferred embodiment of a pixel driving circuit of the present invention.
  • the invention provides a 5T2C OLED pixel driving circuit for driving an organic light emitting diode, which has fewer TFTs (5) and fewer timing control lines (3).
  • the compensation process mainly includes three phases, namely data voltage writing and threshold voltage Vth storage phase, charge sharing phase, and diode light emitting display phase.
  • the compensation circuit does not introduce a V OLED .
  • the current does not become small, eliminating the influence of the threshold voltage Vth on the LED, and improving the uniformity of the panel display.
  • the compensated current is independent of OVDD/OVSS, Affected by IR drop (Drop).
  • the preferred embodiment mainly includes: a thin film transistor T1, a gate connected to the first node g, a source and a drain respectively connected to the node s and the node p; a thin film transistor T2, a gate connected to the scan signal Scan1, a source and a drain respectively Connecting node n and voltage input terminal Vdata/Vref1; thin film transistor T3, gate connected to scan signal Scan1, source and drain respectively connected to node g and reference potential Vref2; thin film transistor T4, gate connection control signal EM1, source and The drain is respectively connected to the node p and the power supply high potential OVDD; the thin film transistor T5, the gate connection control signal EM2, the source and the drain are respectively connected to the node s and the anode of the OLED, the cathode of the OLED is connected to the power supply low potential OVSS; the two ends of the capacitor C1 The node g and the node s are respectively connected; the two ends of the capacitor C2 are respectively connected to the no
  • the data voltage write and Vth storage phase circuit states are shown.
  • Scan1 and EM1 are at a high potential
  • EM2 is at a low potential
  • T5 is turned off.
  • T5 is turned off to ensure that the LED is not illuminated at this stage.
  • the invention also provides a driving method of the above pixel driving circuit, which can eliminate the influence of the threshold voltage Vth of the driving TFT in the OLED driving circuit on the light emitting diode, improve the display uniformity of the panel, and prevent the panel from appearing with the aging of the OLED device.
  • the brightness of the panel is reduced, the luminous efficiency is lowered, and the compensation circuit does not introduce V OLED .
  • the OLED ages, the current does not become small, and the compensated current is independent of OVDD/OVSS and is not affected by the IR drop.
  • the pixel driving circuit and the driving method thereof of the present invention eliminate the influence of the threshold voltage Vth on the light emitting diode, improve the uniformity of the panel display, and improve the luminous efficiency.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Electroluminescent Light Sources (AREA)
  • Control Of Indicators Other Than Cathode Ray Tubes (AREA)
  • Control Of El Displays (AREA)

Abstract

一种像素驱动电路及其驱动方法。像素驱动电路包括：第一薄膜晶体管(T1)，连接第一节点(g)，第二节点(s)和第三节点(p)；第二薄膜晶体管(T2)，连接扫描信号(Scan1)，第四节点(n)和电压输入端(Vdata/Vref1)；第三薄膜晶体管(T3)，连接扫描信号(Scan1)，第一节点(g)和第二参考电位(Vref2)；第四薄膜晶体管(T4)，连接第一控制信号(EM1)，第三节点(p)和电源高电位(OVDD)；第五薄膜晶体管(T5)，连接第二控制信号(EM2)，第二节点(s)和OLED的阳极；OLED的阴极连接电源低电位(OVSS)；第一电容(C1)和第二电容(C2)。像素驱动电路及驱动方法消除了阈值电压Vth对发光二极管的影响，可提高面板显示的均匀性，提高发光效率。

Description

像素驱动电路及其驱动方法 技术领域
本发明涉及显示技术领域，尤其涉及一种像素驱动电路及其驱动方法。
背景技术
作为新一代显示技术，有机发光二极管(OLED)显示面板具有低功耗、高色域、高亮度、高分辨率、宽视角、高响应速度等优点，因此备受市场的青睐。
OLED显示装置按照驱动方式可以分为无源矩阵型OLED(Passive Matrix OLED，PMOLED)和有源矩阵型OLED(Active Matrix OLED，AMOLED)两大类。其中，AMOLED具有呈阵列式排布的像素，属于主动显示类型，发光效能高，通常用作高清晰度的大尺寸显示装置。AMOLED是电流驱动器件，亮度由流过OLED自身的电流决定，大部分已有芯片(IC)都只传输电压信号，故AMOLED像素驱动电路要完成将电压信号转变为电流信号的任务。
如图1所示，其为现有OLED(Organic Light Emitting Diode)的2T1C(2transistor 1 capacitance)像素驱动电路示意图，2T1C指电路主要包括两个薄膜晶体管(TFT)和一个电容(C)，其中一个薄膜晶体管T2为开关TFT，由扫描信号Gate控制，用于控制数据信号Data的进入，是控制电容Cst的充电开关，另一个薄膜晶体管T1为驱动TFT，用于驱动OLED，控制通过OLED的电流，电容Cst主要是用来存储数据信号Data进而控制T1对OLED的驱动电流。扫描信号Gate可以来自于栅极驱动器，对应于某一行扫描线，数据信号Data可以来自于源极驱动器，对应于某一列数据线。OVDD为电源高电位，OVSS为电源低电位。根据晶体管I-V(电流-电压)方程：
Ids，sat＝k·(VGS-Vth，T1)2＝k·(VG-VS-Vth，T1)2   (1)
其中K为本征导电因子，饱和电流Ids,sat的大小与驱动TFT(T1)的阈值电压Vth有关。
由于面板制程的不稳定性等原因，使得面板内每个子像素(Sub-pixel)的驱动TFT的阈值电压Vth会有差别。因此，即使数据电压(Vdata)相等的施加到各像素的驱动TFT(Driving TFT)，也会出现流入有机发光二极管(OLED)的电流不一致的情况，导致显示图像质量的均一性难以实现。
另外，随着驱动TFT驱动时间的推移，会造成TFT材料老化、变异，导致驱动TFT的阈值电压Vth会漂移等问题。并且板内TFT材料的老化程度不同，导致面板内各驱动TFT的阈值电压Vth漂移量不同，也会造成面板显示的不均匀现象，并且随着驱动时间的推移，TFT材料的老化变得更严重。即使驱动电压相同，流经有机发光二极管的发光电流也很可能不同，造成亮度不均匀。加之发光晶体管器件的老化，会使发光晶体管的开启电压上升，流入有机发光二极管的电流逐渐减小，导致面板亮度降低、发光效率下降等问题。
如图1所示现有的OLED的2T1C驱动电路中Ids,sat的大小与驱动TFT的阈值电压Vth有关，此驱动电路会造成面板显示的不均匀现象，且会受到OLED退化的影响。因此，现有技术还提供了如图2所示的OLED的5T2C驱动电路，图3为其时序图，主要包括薄膜晶体管MD，M1至M4，电容C1和C2，控制信号包括Scan1，Scan2，EM，以及data。
图2所示5T2C架构虽然可以消除驱动TFT的阈值电压Vth，但在数据写入(Data Writing)和发光(Emission)阶段节点(Node)A的电位保持Vdata+OVDD－Vth－Vref；由于面板OLED的不均匀性导致各子像素的VOLED不一致，若参考电位Vref过大会使OLED在重置(reset)阶段发光；若参考电位Vref过小，会使上述数据写入(Data Writing)和发光(Emission)阶段节点A的电位过大，导致驱动TFT处于截止状态，所以Vref的大小难以把握。
为消除驱动TFT的阈值电压Vth，现有技术还提供了6T2C像素驱动电路。参见图4，其为现有OLED的6T2C像素驱动电路及时序示意图。上述6T2C架构虽然可以消除驱动TFT的Vth，但所用TFT数量较多(6个)，T1至T6，会导致面板像素布局(Pixel Layout)设计复杂、开口率下降等问题；且需要较多的时序控制信号(5条)，Scan1，Scan2，Scan3，EM1，以及EM2，导致时序控制器(TCON)变得复杂。
发明内容
因此，本发明的目的在于提供一种像素驱动电路，消除OLED驱动电路中驱动TFT的阈值电压Vth对发光二极管的影响。
本发明的另一目的在于提供一种像素驱动电路的驱动方法，消除OLED驱动电路中驱动TFT的阈值电压Vth对发光二极管的影响。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供了一种像素驱动电路，包括：
第一薄膜晶体管，其栅极连接第一节点，源极和漏极分别连接第二节点和第三节点；
第二薄膜晶体管，其栅极连接扫描信号，源极和漏极分别连接第四节点和电压输入端；
第三薄膜晶体管，其栅极连接扫描信号，源极和漏极分别连接第一节点和第二参考电位；
第四薄膜晶体管，其栅极连接第一控制信号，源极和漏极分别连接第三节点和电源高电位；
第五薄膜晶体管，其栅极连接第二控制信号，源极和漏极分别连接第二节点和OLED的阳极；
OLED的阴极连接电源低电位；
第一电容，其两端分别连接第一节点和第二节点；
第二电容，其两端分别连接第二节点和第四节点。
其中，所述扫描信号，第一控制信号，以及第二控制信号的时序配置为包括数据电压写入及阈值电压存储阶段，电荷分享阶段，以及发光显示阶段。
其中，在数据电压写入及阈值电压存储阶段，所述电压输入端输入数据电压。
其中，在电荷分享阶段，所述电压输入端输入第一参考电位。
其中，在数据电压写入及阈值电压存储阶段，所述扫描信号为高电位，第一控制信号为高电位，第二控制信号为低电位。
其中，在电荷分享阶段，所述扫描信号为高电位，第一控制信号为低电位，第二控制信号为低电位。
其中，在发光显示阶段，所述扫描信号为低电位，第一控制信号为高电位，第二控制信号为高电位。
本发明还提供了上述的像素驱动电路的驱动方法，包括：所述扫描信号，第一控制信号，以及第二控制信号的时序配置为包括数据电压写入及阈值电压存储阶段，电荷分享阶段，以及发光显示阶段。
其中，在数据电压写入及阈值电压存储阶段，所述电压输入端输入数据电压。
其中，在电荷分享阶段，所述电压输入端输入第一参考电位。
本发明还提供一种像素驱动电路，包括：
第一薄膜晶体管，其栅极连接第一节点，源极和漏极分别连接第二节点和第三节点；
第二薄膜晶体管，其栅极连接扫描信号，源极和漏极分别连接第四节点和电压输入端；
第三薄膜晶体管，其栅极连接扫描信号，源极和漏极分别连接第一节点和第二参考电位；
第四薄膜晶体管，其栅极连接第一控制信号，源极和漏极分别连接第三节点和电源高电位；
第五薄膜晶体管，其栅极连接第二控制信号，源极和漏极分别连接第二节点和OLED的阳极；
OLED的阴极连接电源低电位；
第一电容，其两端分别连接第一节点和第二节点；
第二电容，其两端分别连接第二节点和第四节点；
其中，所述扫描信号，第一控制信号，以及第二控制信号的时序配置为包括数据电压写入及阈值电压存储阶段，电荷分享阶段，以及发光显示阶段；
其中，在数据电压写入及阈值电压存储阶段，所述电压输入端输入数据电压；
其中，在电荷分享阶段，所述电压输入端输入第一参考电位；
其中，在数据电压写入及阈值电压存储阶段，所述扫描信号为高电位，第一控制信号为高电位，第二控制信号为低电位。
综上，本发明的像素驱动电路及其驱动方法消除了阈值电压Vth对发光二极管的影响，可提高面板显示的均匀性，提高发光效率。
附图说明
下面结合附图，通过对本发明的具体实施方式详细描述，将使本发明的技术方案及其他有益效果显而易见。
附图中，
图1为现有OLED的2T1C像素驱动电路示意图；
图2为现有OLED的5T2C像素驱动电路示意图；
图3为图2的时序示意图；
图4为现有OLED的6T2C像素驱动电路及时序示意图；
图5为本发明像素驱动电路一较佳实施例的电路示意图；
图6为本发明像素驱动电路一较佳实施例在数据电压写入及阈值电压存储阶段电路状态及时序示意图；
图7为本发明像素驱动电路一较佳实施例在电荷分享阶段电路状态及 时序示意图；
图8为本发明像素驱动电路一较佳实施例在发光显示阶段电路状态及时序示意图。
具体实施方式
参见图5，其为本发明像素驱动电路一较佳实施例的电路示意图。本发明提出一种5T2C的OLED像素驱动电路，用于驱动有机发光二极管，具有较少的TFT数量(5个)，较少的时序控制线(3条)。补偿过程主要包括三个阶段，分别为数据电压写入及阈值电压Vth存储阶段，电荷分享阶段，二极管发光显示阶段。补偿电路不会引入VOLED，当OLED老化(Degradation)时,电流不会变小，消除了阈值电压Vth对发光二极管的影响，提高面板显示均匀性，补偿后的电流与OVDD/OVSS无关，不受IR压降(Drop)影响。
该较佳实施例主要包括：薄膜晶体管T1，栅极连接第一节点g，源极和漏极分别连接节点s和节点p；薄膜晶体管T2，栅极连接扫描信号Scan1，源极和漏极分别连接节点n和电压输入端Vdata/Vref1；薄膜晶体管T3，栅极连接扫描信号Scan1，源极和漏极分别连接节点g和参考电位Vref2；薄膜晶体管T4，栅极连接控制信号EM1，源极和漏极分别连接节点p和电源高电位OVDD；薄膜晶体管T5，栅极连接控制信号EM2，源极和漏极分别连接节点s和OLED的阳极，OLED的阴极连接电源低电位OVSS；电容C1两端分别连接节点g和节点s；电容C2两端分别连接节点s和节点n。
参见图6，显示了数据电压写入及Vth存储阶段电路状态，以及相应的电路驱动信号的时序。在数据电压写入及阈值电压Vth存储阶段，Scan1、EM1为高电位，EM2为低电位，T5关闭。
T2打开，此时数据电压Vdata对n点充电至Vn＝Vdata。T3打开，参考电位Vref2对g点充电至Vg＝Vref2。T4打开，OVDD对s点充电，直到g点和s点的压差为Vth为止，此时Vg-Vs＝Vth，并将Vth的电荷存储于电容C1中，Vs＝Vg–Vth＝Vref2–Vth；且T5关闭，保证发光二极管在此阶段处于不发光状态。
参见图7，显示了电荷分享阶段电路状态，以及相应的电路驱动信号的时序。在电荷分享阶段，Scan1为高电位，EM1、EM2为低电位。
T3打开，g点电位保持Vg＝Vref2不变；T2打开，由参考电位Vref1对节点n充电，n点电位由Vdata变为Vn＝Vref1，T4、T5关闭，由电荷分享原理可得s点电位由Vref2–Vth变为Vs＝Vref2–Vth+δV，其中δV＝(Vref1–Vdata)×C2/(C1+C2)；g点与s点的压差Vgs＝Vref2–(Vref2–Vth+ δV)＝Vth–δV。且T5关闭，保证发光二极管在此阶段也处于不发光状态。
参见图8，显示了发光显示阶段电路状态，以及相应的电路驱动信号的时序。在发光显示阶段，EM1、EM2为高电位，Scan1为低电位。
T3关闭，g点与s点的电位差与上一阶段一样，T4、T5打开，根据晶体管I-V曲线方程I＝k(Vgs–Vth)2＝k(Vth–δV–Vth)2＝k(–δV)2＝k[(Vdata–Vref1)×C2/(C1+C2)]2可知电流与驱动TFT(T1)的阈值电压Vth无关，消除了阈值电压Vth对发光二极管的影响，可提高面板显示的均匀性，提高发光效率。
本发明还相应提供了上述像素驱动电路的驱动方法，可以消除OLED驱动电路中驱动TFT的阈值电压Vth对发光二极管的影响，提高面板显示均匀性，且使面板不会随OLED器件的老化而出现面板亮度降低、发光效率下降等问题，补偿电路不会引入VOLED，当OLED老化时,电流不会变小，补偿后的电流与OVDD/OVSS无关，不受IR压降影响。
综上，本发明的像素驱动电路及其驱动方法消除了阈值电压Vth对发光二极管的影响，可提高面板显示的均匀性，提高发光效率。
以上所述，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，可以根据本发明的技术方案和技术构思作出其他各种相应的改变和变形，而所有这些改变和变形都应属于本发明后附的权利要求的保护范围。

Claims (13)

  1. 一种像素驱动电路，包括：
    第一薄膜晶体管，其栅极连接第一节点，源极和漏极分别连接第二节点和第三节点；
    第二薄膜晶体管，其栅极连接扫描信号，源极和漏极分别连接第四节点和电压输入端；
    第三薄膜晶体管，其栅极连接扫描信号，源极和漏极分别连接第一节点和第二参考电位；
    第四薄膜晶体管，其栅极连接第一控制信号，源极和漏极分别连接第三节点和电源高电位；
    第五薄膜晶体管，其栅极连接第二控制信号，源极和漏极分别连接第二节点和OLED的阳极；
    OLED的阴极连接电源低电位；
    第一电容，其两端分别连接第一节点和第二节点；
    第二电容，其两端分别连接第二节点和第四节点。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的像素驱动电路，其中，所述扫描信号，第一控制信号，以及第二控制信号的时序配置为包括数据电压写入及阈值电压存储阶段，电荷分享阶段，以及发光显示阶段。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的像素驱动电路，其中，在数据电压写入及阈值电压存储阶段，所述电压输入端输入数据电压。
  4. 如权利要求2所述的像素驱动电路，其中，在电荷分享阶段，所述电压输入端输入第一参考电位。
  5. 如权利要求2所述的像素驱动电路，其中，在数据电压写入及阈值电压存储阶段，所述扫描信号为高电位，第一控制信号为高电位，第二控制信号为低电位。
  6. 如权利要求2所述的像素驱动电路，其中，在电荷分享阶段，所述扫描信号为高电位，第一控制信号为低电位，第二控制信号为低电位。
  7. 如权利要求2所述的像素驱动电路，其中，在发光显示阶段，所述扫描信号为低电位，第一控制信号为高电位，第二控制信号为高电位。
  8. 一种如权利要求1所述的像素驱动电路的驱动方法，包括：所述扫描信号，第一控制信号，以及第二控制信号的时序配置为包括数据电压写入及阈值电压存储阶段，电荷分享阶段，以及发光显示阶段。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的像素驱动电路的驱动方法，其中，在数据电压写入及阈值电压存储阶段，所述电压输入端输入数据电压。
  10. 如权利要求8所述的像素驱动电路的驱动方法，其中，在电荷分享阶段，所述电压输入端输入第一参考电位。
  11. 一种像素驱动电路，包括：
    第一薄膜晶体管，其栅极连接第一节点，源极和漏极分别连接第二节点和第三节点；
    第二薄膜晶体管，其栅极连接扫描信号，源极和漏极分别连接第四节点和电压输入端；
    第三薄膜晶体管，其栅极连接扫描信号，源极和漏极分别连接第一节点和第二参考电位；
    第四薄膜晶体管，其栅极连接第一控制信号，源极和漏极分别连接第三节点和电源高电位；
    第五薄膜晶体管，其栅极连接第二控制信号，源极和漏极分别连接第二节点和OLED的阳极；
    OLED的阴极连接电源低电位；
    第一电容，其两端分别连接第一节点和第二节点；
    第二电容，其两端分别连接第二节点和第四节点；
    其中，所述扫描信号，第一控制信号，以及第二控制信号的时序配置为包括数据电压写入及阈值电压存储阶段，电荷分享阶段，以及发光显示阶段；
    其中，在数据电压写入及阈值电压存储阶段，所述电压输入端输入数据电压；
    其中，在电荷分享阶段，所述电压输入端输入第一参考电位；
    其中，在数据电压写入及阈值电压存储阶段，所述扫描信号为高电位，第一控制信号为高电位，第二控制信号为低电位。
  12. 如权利要求11所述的像素驱动电路，其中，在电荷分享阶段，所述扫描信号为高电位，第一控制信号为低电位，第二控制信号为低电位。
  13. 如权利要求11所述的像素驱动电路，其中，在发光显示阶段，所述扫描信号为低电位，第一控制信号为高电位，第二控制信号为高电位。
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