Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D471/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D463/00
  • C07D471/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D463/00 in which the condensed system contains three hetero rings
  • C07D471/14—Ortho-condensed systems

Definitions

• the present invention relates to certain human PDEl inhibitors, to pharmaceutical compositions comprising the compounds, to methods of using the compounds to treat physiological disorders, and to intermediates and processes useful in the synthesis of the compounds.
• Phosphodiesterases are enzymes that regulate the cellular levels of cAMP and cGMP by controlling the rate at which these cyclic nucleotides are hydrolyzed.
• PDEl a calcium and calmodulin-dependent PDE
• PDEl is one of at least 11 known PDE families.
• PDEl is expressed in many tissues, including the brain, heart, lung, kidney, and smooth muscle.
• PDEl is comprised of a family of three known isoforms, PDEl A, PDE1B, and PDE1C.
• diabetic kidney disease or diabetic nephropathy
• diabetic kidney disease may affect as many as 40 percent of diabetic patients.
• Treatment options for diabetic kidney disease is limited and includes use of medications that lower blood pressure, management of blood glucose levels, diet, and weight, and implementation of regular physical activity. Thus, there is a need for additional treatment choices for patients suffering from chronic kidney disease, particularly diabetic kidney disease.
• United States Patent No.8,299,080 discloses certain quinoxaline derivatives having PDE9 inhibiting activity useful for treating various disorders such as dysuria and hypertension.
• European Patent No. 0 040 401 discloses certain substituted triazoloquinoxalin-4-ones possessing anti-hypertensive activity.
• the present invention provides certain novel compounds that are inhibitors of human PDEl .
• the present invention provides certain novel compounds that are selective inhibitors of human PDEl A, PDE1B, and PDE1C relative to other human PDEs, such as PDE3A, PDE4D, and PDE6AB.
• the present invention provides certain novel compounds that may have antihypertensive effects and may also improve renal blood flow.
• certain compounds of the present invention may reduce renal fibrosis. Accordingly, the present invention provides a compound of Formula I:
• X is H or C1-C3 alkyl optionally substituted with hydroxyl
• Y is H, hydroxy, or methyl
• R is ethyl, n-propyl, cyclopropyl , or
• A is methyl, cyclopropyl or trifluorom ethyl
• the present invention also provides a method of treating chronic kidney disease in a patient, comprising administering to a patient in need of such treatment an effective amount of a compound of Formula I.
• the present invention also provides a method of treating diabetic kidney disease in a patient, comprising administering to a patient in need of such treatment an effective amount of a compound of Formula I.
• the present invention also provides a method of treating hypertension in a patient, comprising administering to a patient in need of such treatment an effective amount of a compound of Formula I.
• the invention provides a compound of Formula I for use in therapy.
• the invention further provides a compound of Formula I for use in for the treatment of chronic kidney disease.
• the invention provides a compound of Formula I for use in the treatment of diabetic kidney disease.
• the invention provides a compound of Formula I for use in the treatment of hypertension.
• the invention provides the use of a compound of Formula I for the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of chronic kidney disease.
• the invention provides the use of a compound of Formula I for the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of diabetic kidney disease.
• the invention further provides the use of a compound of Formula I for the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of hypertension.
• the invention further provides a pharmaceutical composition, comprising a compound of Formula I with one or more pharmaceutically acceptable carriers, diluents, or excipients.
• the invention further provides a process for preparing a pharmaceutical composition, comprising admixing a compound of Formula I with one or more pharmaceutically acceptable carriers, diluents, or excipients.
• This invention also encompasses novel intermediates and processes for the synthesis of compounds of Formula I.
• treating includes prohibiting, restraining, slowing, stopping, or reversing the progression or severity of an existing symptom or disorder.
• the term "patient” refers to a mammal, such as a dog or a human, with a human being preferred.
• the term "effective amount” refers to the amount or dose of compound of the invention, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof which, upon single or multiple dose administration to the patient, provides the desired effect in the patient under diagnosis or treatment.
• C1-C3 alkyl refers to methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, and isopropyl.
• an effective amount can be readily determined by one skilled in the art using known techniques and by observing results obtained under analogous circumstances.
• determining the effective amount for a patient a number of factors are considered by one skilled in the art, including, but not limited to: the patient's size, age, and general health; the specific disease or disorder involved; the degree of or involvement or the severity of the disease or disorder; the response of the individual patient; the particular compound administered; the mode of administration; the bioavailability characteristics of the preparation administered; the dose regimen selected; the use of concomitant medication; and other relevant circumstances.
• Compounds of the present invention are effective at a dosage per day that falls within the range of about 0.01 to about 20 mg/kg of body weight. In some instances dosage levels below the lower limit of the aforesaid range may be more than adequate, while in other cases still larger doses may be employed with acceptable side effects, and therefore the above dosage range is not intended to limit the scope of the invention in any way.
• the compounds of the present invention are formulated as pharmaceutical compositions administered by any route which makes the compound bioavailable, including oral and parenteral routes. Most preferably, such compositions are for oral administration.
• Such pharmaceutical compositions and processes for preparing same are well known in the art (See, e.g., Remington: The Science and Practice of Pharmacy, L.V. Allen, Editor, 22 nd Edition, Pharmaceutical Press, 2012).
• the compounds of Formula I are particularly useful in the treatment methods of the invention, but certain groups, substituents, and compounds are preferred. The following paragraphs describe such preferred groups, substituents, and compounds. It will be understood that these preferences are applicable both to the treatment methods and to the new compounds of the invention.
• Y is H.
• X is methyl
• R is n-propyl
• A is cyclopropyl
• R is n-propyl
• A is cyclopropyl
• R is n-propyl
• A is cyclopropyl
• Y is H
• X is methyl and R is n-propyl. It is especially preferred that Y is H, R is n-propyl and A is cyclopropyl.
• a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of the compound of the invention may be formed, for example, by reaction of an appropriate free base of the compound of the invention and an appropriate pharmaceutically acceptable acid in a suitable solvent under standard conditions well known in the art. See, for example, Gould, P.L., “Salt selection for basic drugs,” International Journal of Pharmaceutics, 33: 201-217 (1986); Bastin, R.J., et al. "Salt Selection and Optimization Procedures for Pharmaceutical New
• ACN refers to acetonitrile
• hezamethyldisilazane hezamethyldisilazane
• HOBT hydroxybenzotriazole
• IP A isopropanol
• HATU l-[bis(dimethylamino)methylene]-lH-l,2,3-triazolo[4,5- £]pyridinium 3-oxid hexafluorophosphate
• RBF round bottomed flask
• TR refers to retention time
• hr refers to hour or hours
• IC50 refers to the concentration of an agent that produces 50% of the maximal inhibitory response possible for that agent
• ⁇ refers to micromole or micromoles
• min refers to minute or minutes
• MeOH refers to methanol or methyl alcohol
• MTBE refers to methyl -tert-butyl ether
• NiNTA refers to chromatography with an agarose stationary phase functionalized with nitrilotriacetic acid as chelator;
• POCh refers to phosphorus oxychloride;
• RT refers to room temperature;
• SNAr refers to nucleophilic aromatic substitution;
• TEA refers to triethylamine;
• THF tetrahydrofuran;
• Tris refers to 2-Amino-2- hydroxymethyl-propane-l,3-diol;
• U/ml refers to units per milliliter;
• wt refers to weight; and
• Pd-PEPPSI-ffleptCl refers to dichloro[l,3-bis(2,6-di-4- heptylphenyl)imidazol-2-ylidene](3-chloropyridyl)palladium(II).
• the compounds of the present invention may be prepared by a variety of procedures known to one of ordinary skill in the art, some of which are illustrated in the schemes, preparations, and examples below.
• One of ordinary skill in the art recognizes that the specific synthetic steps for each of the routes described may be combined in different ways, or in conjunction with steps from different schemes, to prepare compounds of the invention.
• the products of each step below can be recovered by conventional methods well known in the art, including extraction, evaporation, precipitation, chromatography, filtration, trituration, and crystallization.
• all substituents unless otherwise indicated, are as previously defined.
• the reagents and starting materials are readily available to one of ordinary skill in the art. Without limiting the scope of the invention, the following schemes, preparations, and examples are provided to further illustrate the invention. Preparation 1
• Step A TEA (4.3 mL, 31 mmol) is added to a suspension of 3-fluoro- 2-nitropyridine (1.500 g, 10.24 mmol) and (2-methoxybutyl)amine hydrochloride (1.590 g, 10.82 mmol). The reaction is stirred for 2.5 hr at RT. EtOAc is added and the material is washed with sat. aq. H 4 C1 solution and sat. aq. NaCl solution, then dried over anhydrous MgS0 4 and filtered. The filtrate is concentrated and purified by flash chromatography on silica, eluting with DCM/MTBE. The pure chromatography fractions are combined and concentrated under reduced pressure to give a yellow-orange liquid as the title compound (2.223 g; racemate). MS (m/z): 226.0 (M+H). Preparation 7
• Step B MeOH (100 mL) is added to a Parr shaker with 5% Pd/C (0.452 g, 4.25 mmol) under nitrogen, then a solution of N-(2-methoxybutyl)-2-nitro- pyridin-3 -amine (2.22 g, 9.86 mmol) in MeOH (100 mL) is added.
• the Parr shaker is sealed, purged with nitrogen, purged with hydrogen and pressurized (60 psig) with hydrogen, and then stirred at RT for 4 hr.
• the material is filtered and concentrated to give a dark, thick gel as the title compound (1.794 g; racemate). MS (m/z): 196.0 (M+H).
• Step A 5-Bromopyridine-2,3-diamine (5 g, 27 mmol) followed by DIPEA (14 mL, 80 mmol) are added to a solution of butyric acid (2.7 mL, 29 mmol) and HATU (15.01 g, 40 mmol) in DMF (90 mL). The reaction is sealed under nitrogen and stirred at 50 °C overnight. The reaction mixture is cooled to RT, diluted with water and extracted with EtOAc. The organic phases are combined, washed with satd. aq. NaHC0 3 , 5% aq. lithium chloride, and sat. aq.
• Step B A solution of lithium aluminum hydride (30 mL, 1 mol/L in THF) in THF (40 mL) is cooled to -78 °C in an oven-dried three-necked RBF. N- ⁇ 2- amino-5-bromo-3-pyridyl)butanamide (2.50 g, 9.69 mmol) in THF (40 mL) is added dropwise over 2 hr. The reaction mixture is allowed to warm to room temperature over 3 hr, then stirred at RT overnight. The reaction mixture is cooled to 0°C in an ice bath. Water (3.0 mL), 2N aq.
• 6-methoxy-4-[(4-methoxyphenyl)methyl]-lH-pyrido[2,3-b]pyrazine-2,3-dione (2.242 g, 7.156 mmol), cesium carbonate (6.99 g, 21.5 mmol), potassium iodide (123 mg, 0.718 mmol) and bromomethylcyclopropane (1.80 mL, 17.8 mmol) are combined in DMF (56 mL). The mixture is stirred under nitrogen at 80 °C overnight. The reaction is cooled to RT and combined with previous lot (156 mg scale reaction). The reaction is diluted with water and extracted with EtOAc. The organics are combined, washed with sat. aq.
• reaction solution is transferred to a RBF with methanol and heated at 50 °C for 1 hr.
• the crude mixture is concentrated under reduced pressure and the resulting residue is partitioned between DCM and water. Layers are separated and the aqueous layer is extracted with DCM and 3 : 1 CHCb/IPA.
• the organics are combined, washed with sat. aq. NaCl solution, dried over anhydrous MgS0 4 , filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure.
• the residue is dissolved in EtOH (17mL) and water (100 mL) is added via addition funnel over 30 min. then cooled in an ice bath for 15 min.
• the column is a (S,S) Whelk-01 lOum, with a flow rate of 80mL/minute, 40% MeOH/60% C0 2 mobile phase to give isomer 1 as the title compound (57 mg; first eluting isomer).
• (S,S) Whelk-01 lOum, 40% MeOH/C0 2 , 5mL/min, 225nm: TR 2.22 min, >99%ee.
• Example 6 The compound of Example 6 is isolated essentially by the method of Example 5 to give isomer 2 as the title compound (61 mg; second eluting isomer).
• the aqueous layer is acidified to pH ⁇ 3 with IN aq. HCl, and extracted with EtOAc. The organics are combined, washed with sat. aq. NaCl solution, dried over anhydrous MgS0 4 , filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure.
• the residue is purified by reverse phase flash chromatography on CI 8 eluting with 10-100% ACN in water (10 mM (NH 4 )HC0 3 w/ 5% MeOH). The pure chromatography fractions are combined and concentrated under reduced pressure to aqueous, extracted with DCM, washed with sat. aq. NaCl solution, dried over anhydrous MgS0 4 , filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The off- white solid is dried under vacuum give the title compound (84 mg). MS (m/z): 338 (M+H).
• reaction mixture is stirred at 80 °C for 2 hr, cooled to RT and combined with an additional run (37 mg scale reaction) diluting with sat. aq. H 4 C1 solution.
• the aqueous layer is extracted with EtOAc, the organics are combined, washed with sat. aq. NaCl solution, dried over anhydrous Na 2 S04, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure.
• the vial is sealed under nitrogen and diethylzinc (0.50 mL, 0.50 mmol, 1 mol/L in hexanes) is added and stirred at RT overnight.
• the reaction mixture is quenched with sat. aq. NaCl solution and combined with an additional run (23 mg scale reaction).
• the mixture is diluted with EtOAc and water, the layers are separated and the aqueous layer is extracted with EtOAc followed by 3 : 1 CHCI3/IPA.
• the organics are combined, washed with sat. aq. NaCl solution, dried over anhydrous MgS0 4 , filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure.
• Pd-PEPPSI-ffleptCl (3 mg, 0.003071 mmol) and 9-([l,r-bi(cyclopropan)]-l-yl)- 3-bromo-5-butylpyrido[3,2-e][l,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]pyrazin-6(5H)-one (100 mg, 0.2486 mmol) are added to a RBF, purged and backfilled with nitrogen. Toluene (2.5 mL) is added and the solution is cooled to 0°C. 2-Propylzinc bromide (600 ⁇ ., 0.3 mmol, 0.5 mol/L in THF) is added and the reaction is brought to RT.
• Step B 9-([ 1 , 1 '-Bi(cyclopropan)]- 1 -yl)-5-butyl-3 -((2- (trimethylsilyl)ethoxy)methyl)pyrido[3,2-e][l,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]pyrazin-6(5H)-one (370 mg, 0.5710 mmol) and DCM (3 mL) are combined in a microwave vial. The vial is sealed under nitrogen and cooled to 0 °C in an ice bath. Boron trifluoride diethyl etherate (0.36 mL, 2.8 mmol) is added dropwise and the reaction mixture is allowed to warm to RT overnight.
• Lithium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide (2.1 mL, 2.1 mmol, 1 mol/L in MTBE) is added to 1 -([ 1 , 1 '-bi(cyclopropan)]- 1 -yl)-7-methylpyrido[2,3 -e] [ 1 ,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]pyrazin- 4(5H)-one (199 mg, 0.7074 mmol) in DMF (7 mL) and the reaction is stirred at RT for 1 hr.
• nucleotide sequences encoding full-length human PDE1A ( P 001003683.1) and PDE1C (NP 005011.1) are inserted into pFastBacl (Invitrogen) vector with an N- terminal HIS tag.
• the nucleotide sequences encoding full-length human PDE4D are inserted into pFastBacl (Invitrogen) vector with an N- terminal HIS tag.
• P_006194.2 and catalytic domain (residue 641-1141) of PDE3A are inserted into pFastBacl (Invitrogen) vector with a C-terminal HIS tag.
• AAH00249.1 are inserted into pFastBacDual (Invitrogen) vector with an N-terminal HIS tag and N-terminal Flag tag, respectively, for production of PDE6A/6B dimer.
• Baculovirus generation and protein expression in Sf9 cells are carried out according to the protocol of Bac-to-Bac Baculovirus Expression system (Invitrogen).
• the nucleotide sequence encoding full-length human PDE1B (NP 000915.1) is inserted into pIEX4 (Novagen) with a C-terminal HIS tag, and both protein productions in Sf9 cells are carried out according to the vendor's protocol (Novagen).
• the His tagged PDE proteins are purified using Ni-NTA agarose (Qiagen) followed by size exclusion chromatography on a SUPERDEX ® 200 column (GE Healthcare) in storage buffer (20 mM Tris-HCl, pH7.5, 150 mM NaCl, 10% Glycerol).
• the Flag tagged PDE proteins including
• PDE6A/6B are purified using anti-Flag M2-agarose (Sigma), after purification through NiNTA column chromatography and eluted in storage buffer (50 mM Tris-HCl, pH7.5, 150 mM NaCl, 10% Glycerol, 0.1 mg/ml Flag peptide). All purified proteins are stored at -80°C in small aliquots.
• PDEIB, PDE1A, and PDEIC are cloned and purified following standard protein generation procedures.
• the assay buffer is prepared to give a final concentration in the assay of 50 mM Tris-HCl, 50 mM MgCb, 4 mM CaCb, 0.1% Bovine serum albumin and 6 U/ml Calmodulin in water, at pH 7.5.
• the final enzyme concentration is 0.25, 0.074 and 0.0012 nM, for PDEl A, PDEIB and PDEIC respectively.
• the reactions are started by addition of the substrate, [ 3 H]cAMP, to give a final concentration of 47 nM.
• Table 12 In vitro potency of Examples 1 to 13 against human PDEl A, PDEIB, and
• the following phosphodiesterase activities are measured using [ 3 H]cAMP as reaction substrate: human PDE3A (catalytic domain) and human PDE4D. Both enzymes are cloned and purified following standard procedures.
• the assay buffer is prepared to give a final concentration in the assay of 50 mM Tris-HCl, 8.3 mM MgCb, 1.7 mM
• the following phosphodiesterase activities are measured using [ 3 H]cGMP as reaction substrate: human PDE6A/6B.
• the catalytic active form of human PDE6 is a dimer composed of a a (human PDE6A) and ⁇ subunits (human PDE6B).
• the dimer of human PDE6A/6B is produced by the coexpression and purification strategy, using two purification steps, i.e. , NiNTA and anti-FLAG Sepharose chromatography.
• the assay buffer is prepared to give a final concentration in the assay of 50 mM Tris-HCl, 8.3 mM MgCb, 1.7 mM EDTA and 0.1% Bovine serum albumin at pH 7.5.
• the final enzyme concentration is 5 nM.
• the reactions are started by addition of the substrate, [ 3 H]cGMP, to give a final concentration of 80 nM.
• Table 14 In vitro potency of Examples 1 to 13 against PDE6AB.

Landscapes

• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
• Nitrogen Condensed Heterocyclic Rings (AREA)

Priority Applications (5)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=63165529

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (8)

Cited By (1)

Families Citing this family (1)

Citations (4)

Family Cites Families (8)

• 2018
  • 2018-07-17 AR ARP180101984 patent/AR112457A1/es unknown
  • 2018-07-19 TW TW107124931A patent/TWI670271B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2018-07-26 WO PCT/US2018/043845 patent/WO2019027783A1/en not_active Ceased
  • 2018-07-26 EP EP18752976.3A patent/EP3661936B1/en active Active
  • 2018-07-26 ES ES18752976T patent/ES2904938T3/es active Active
  • 2018-07-26 JP JP2020505232A patent/JP6850396B2/ja active Active
  • 2018-07-26 CN CN201880050277.1A patent/CN110914268B/zh active Active
  • 2018-07-26 US US16/624,545 patent/US11180503B2/en active Active

Patent Citations (4)

Non-Patent Citations (6)

Also Published As

Similar Documents

Legal Events