WO2019011049A1 - 信号检测接口电路、系统及信号检测方法 - Google Patents

信号检测接口电路、系统及信号检测方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019011049A1
WO2019011049A1 PCT/CN2018/086294 CN2018086294W WO2019011049A1 WO 2019011049 A1 WO2019011049 A1 WO 2019011049A1 CN 2018086294 W CN2018086294 W CN 2018086294W WO 2019011049 A1 WO2019011049 A1 WO 2019011049A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
transistor
circuit
module
resistor
signal
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PCT/CN2018/086294
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王帅
熊磊
秦承峰
白日光
李春红
申晓磊
周敏
Original Assignee
联合汽车电子有限公司
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Application filed by 联合汽车电子有限公司 filed Critical 联合汽车电子有限公司
Publication of WO2019011049A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019011049A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B23/00—Testing or monitoring of control systems or parts thereof
    • G05B23/02—Electric testing or monitoring
    • G05B23/0205—Electric testing or monitoring by means of a monitoring system capable of detecting and responding to faults
    • G05B23/0208—Electric testing or monitoring by means of a monitoring system capable of detecting and responding to faults characterized by the configuration of the monitoring system
    • G05B23/0213—Modular or universal configuration of the monitoring system, e.g. monitoring system having modules that may be combined to build monitoring program; monitoring system that can be applied to legacy systems; adaptable monitoring system; using different communication protocols
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B23/00—Testing or monitoring of control systems or parts thereof
    • G05B23/02—Electric testing or monitoring
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
    • G05B2219/20—Pc systems
    • G05B2219/24—Pc safety
    • G05B2219/24065—Real time diagnostics

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of vehicle controller technologies, and in particular, to a signal detection interface circuit, a system, and a signal detection method.
  • the vehicle controller needs to carry a variety of interfaces, such as a voltage type signal interface and a voltage sensor, and a current type signal interface with a current sensor.
  • interfaces such as a voltage type signal interface and a voltage sensor, and a current type signal interface with a current sensor.
  • the number of voltage sensors and current sensors used by different types of vehicle controllers is different. In the early design of the vehicle controller, high compatibility should be met as much as possible, but this requires simultaneous increase of voltage type signal interface and current type.
  • the number of signal interfaces increases the number and area of interface circuits, which increases the cost and increases the peripheral circuit area of the controller.
  • the present invention provides a signal detection interface circuit connected between a controller and a current sensor or a voltage sensor, the signal detection interface circuit for the current sensor or The detection signal of the voltage sensor is processed to form an interface signal, and the signal detection interface circuit provides the interface signal to the controller, the signal detection interface circuit includes a detection switching circuit, a power supply circuit, and a voltage dividing circuit ,among them:
  • the detection switching circuit is connected to the current sensor or the voltage sensor, and the detection switching circuit comprises a first module, a second module and a third module;
  • the first module and the second module are valid when the detection switching circuit is connected to the current sensor, and the first module controls the second module to be turned on or off according to the detection signal of the current sensor. Disconnecting, the second module is connected between the power supply circuit and the voltage dividing circuit, and the turning on and off of the second module controls a situation in which the power supply circuit supplies power to the voltage dividing circuit
  • the voltage dividing circuit forms a current interface signal according to the turning on or off of the second module;
  • the first module and the third module are valid when the detection switching circuit is connected to the voltage sensor, and the power supply circuit is connected to the voltage dividing circuit by the first module and the third module,
  • the first module controls a situation in which the power supply circuit supplies power to the voltage dividing circuit according to a detection signal of the voltage sensor, and the voltage dividing circuit forms a voltage interface signal according to the supplied power.
  • the power supply circuit includes a first transistor and a second transistor, the first transistor is connected to a power source and the detection switching circuit, and the second transistor is connected to a detection. An enable terminal that turns the second transistor on or off.
  • the first transistor is a PNP type transistor
  • the second transistor is an NPN type transistor
  • a base of the first transistor is connected to a set of the second transistor
  • An electrode, an emitter of the first transistor is connected to a power source, a collector of the first transistor is connected to the first module; a base of the second transistor is connected to the detection enable end, and the second transistor is The emitter is grounded.
  • a resistor is connected across a base and an emitter of the first transistor, and a base of the first transistor and a collector of the second transistor are There is a resistor between the base and the emitter of the second transistor, and a resistor between the base of the second transistor and the detection enable end.
  • the power supply circuit further includes a diode, a cathode of the diode is connected to an emitter of the first transistor, and an anode of the diode is connected to a power source.
  • the first module includes a first resistor, one end of the first resistor is connected to the collector of the first transistor, and the other end is connected to the current sensor or the Voltage sensor, where:
  • the resistance of the first resistor is 200 ohms to 400 ohms;
  • the resistance of the first resistor is 800 ohms to 1500 ohms.
  • the second module includes a third transistor, a second resistor, and a third resistor
  • the third transistor is a PNP type transistor
  • the first module is configured according to the a detection signal of the current sensor controls turning on or off of the third transistor
  • a collector of the third transistor is connected to the voltage dividing circuit
  • an emitter of the third transistor is connected to the power providing circuit
  • One end of each of the second resistor and the third resistor is connected to a base of the third transistor, and the other end is connected to a corresponding end of the first resistor, the first resistor and the third resistor
  • the connection terminal is also connected to the emitter of the third transistor.
  • the third module includes a fourth resistor, the resistance of the fourth resistor is less than 0.05 ohm, and one end of the fourth resistor is connected to the collector of the third transistor. The other end is connected to the connection end of the first resistor and the second resistor.
  • the voltage dividing circuit includes a fifth resistor and a sixth resistor, the fifth resistor is connected to the collector of the third transistor at one end, and the other end is connected to the control.
  • the sixth resistor is connected to the controller at one end and grounded at the other end.
  • the signal detection interface circuit further includes a diagnosis circuit, and the diagnosis circuit detects a short circuit fault to the ground when the detection switching circuit is connected to the current sensor.
  • the diagnostic circuit includes a fourth transistor, a fifth transistor, and a clamp circuit, wherein:
  • the fourth transistor is a PNP type transistor
  • the fifth transistor is an NPN type transistor
  • an emitter of the fourth transistor is connected to the current sensor or the voltage sensor
  • a base of the fourth transistor is connected to the a collector of a fifth transistor
  • a collector of the fourth transistor is coupled to the clamp circuit
  • an emitter of the fifth transistor is grounded
  • a base of the fifth transistor is coupled to a diagnostic enable terminal, the diagnosis The enable terminal turns the fifth transistor on or off.
  • a resistor is connected across a base and an emitter of the fourth transistor, and a base of the fourth transistor and a collector of the fifth transistor are There is a resistor between the base and the emitter of the fifth transistor, and a resistor between the base of the fifth transistor and the diagnostic enable terminal.
  • the clamping circuit includes a seventh resistor and an eighth resistor, the seventh resistor is connected to the collector of the fourth transistor at one end, and the other end is connected to the control.
  • the eighth resistor is connected to the controller at one end and grounded at the other end.
  • the clamp circuit further includes a ninth resistor and a first capacitor, the ninth resistor and the first capacitor constitute a filter circuit, and the ninth resistor is connected at one end
  • the seventh resistor and the eighth resistor are connected to the controller, and the other end of the first capacitor is connected to the controller, and the other end is grounded.
  • the invention also provides a signal detection interface system, the signal detection interface system comprising a signal detection interface circuit, a controller and a sensor, wherein:
  • the signal detection interface circuit is connected between the controller and the sensor, and the signal detection interface circuit processes the detection signal of the sensor to form an interface signal, and the signal detection interface circuit uses the interface signal Provided to the controller;
  • the signal detecting interface circuit includes a detecting switching circuit, a power providing circuit and a voltage dividing circuit, wherein the detecting switching circuit is connected to the sensor, and the detecting switching circuit comprises a first module, a second module and a third module;
  • the first module and the second module are valid, and the first module controls the second module to be turned on or off according to the detection signal of the current sensor.
  • the second module is connected between the power supply circuit and the voltage dividing circuit, and the turning on and off of the second module controls a situation in which the power providing circuit supplies power to the voltage dividing circuit,
  • the voltage dividing circuit forms a current interface signal according to the turning on or off of the second module;
  • the first module and the third module are valid when the sensor is a voltage sensor, and the power supply circuit is connected to the voltage dividing circuit by the first module and the third module, A module controls a situation in which the power supply circuit supplies power to the voltage dividing circuit according to a detection signal of the voltage sensor, and the voltage dividing circuit forms a voltage interface signal according to a condition of the supplied power.
  • the current sensor forms a first measured signal according to the measured object
  • the current sensor includes a sixth transistor and a current source
  • the sixth transistor is an NPN type triode
  • the base of the sixth transistor is controlled by the first signal to be measured
  • the collector of the sixth transistor is connected to the current source
  • the emitter of the sixth transistor is grounded.
  • the voltage sensor forms a second measured signal according to the measured object
  • the voltage sensor includes a seventh transistor
  • the seventh transistor is an NPN type transistor
  • the base of the seventh transistor is controlled by the second measured signal
  • the collector of the seventh transistor is connected to the signal detecting interface circuit, and the emitter of the seventh transistor is grounded.
  • the invention also provides a signal detection method, the signal detection method comprising:
  • the signal detection interface circuit processes the detection signal of the sensor to form an interface signal, and the signal detection interface circuit provides the interface signal to the controller;
  • the first module and the second module are valid, and the first module controls turning on or off of the second module according to the detection signal of the current sensor, the second module Connected between the power supply circuit and the voltage dividing circuit, the second module being turned on and off to control the power supply circuit to supply power to the voltage dividing circuit, the voltage dividing circuit according to the second Turning on or off the module forms a current interface signal;
  • the first module and the third module are valid when the sensor is a voltage sensor, and the power supply circuit is connected to the voltage dividing circuit by the first module and the third module, the first module
  • the power supply circuit is controlled to supply power to the voltage dividing circuit according to a detection signal of the voltage sensor, and the voltage dividing circuit forms a voltage interface signal according to the supplied power.
  • the first module includes a first resistor, and the first module is configured to: a current flows through the first resistor.
  • the second module includes a third transistor, a second resistor, and a third resistor, and the second module effectively includes: a third transistor, a second resistor, and a third resistor Current flows through it.
  • the third module includes a fourth resistor, and the third module effectively includes: a current flowing through the fourth resistor.
  • the second module when the current sensor is connected by the detection switching circuit, the second module is valid, and when the detection switching circuit is connected to the voltage sensor, the third module is Effective, it can improve the compatibility of the signal detection interface circuit in the pre-circuit design, and since the current sensor and the voltage sensor use the same signal detection interface circuit, the number of interface circuit components and the area of the circuit board are not greatly increased. save costs.
  • the invention realizes the compatible design of the voltage sensor and the current sensor interface by selecting the components under the premise that the overall circuit topology is unchanged, thereby saving the system cost and improving the applicability of the interface.
  • the circuit is built with relatively simple components, and the hardware cost is low.
  • the current sensor interface is designed to be protective.
  • the diagnostic circuit can detect the short-circuit fault of the interface to the ground and improve the security of the interface circuit.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a signal detection interface circuit, system, and signal detection method of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the connection of a signal detecting interface circuit and a current sensor according to the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the connection of a signal detecting interface circuit and a voltage sensor according to the present invention
  • the figure shows: 10-signal detection interface circuit; 11-detection switching circuit; 12-power supply circuit; 13-divide circuit; 14-diagnostic circuit; 20-controller; 30-sensor; 31-current sensor; - voltage sensor; 40-power supply.
  • the core idea of the present invention is to provide a signal detection interface circuit, system and signal detection method to reduce the number and area of peripheral interface circuits of a vehicle controller.
  • the present invention provides a signal detection interface circuit, a system, and a signal detection method.
  • the signal detection interface circuit is connected between a controller and a current sensor or a voltage sensor, and the signal detection interface circuit Processing a detection signal of the current sensor or the voltage sensor to form an interface signal, the signal detection interface circuit providing the interface signal to the controller, the signal detection interface circuit comprising detecting a switching circuit, power Providing a circuit and a voltage dividing circuit, wherein: the detecting switching circuit is connected to the current sensor or the voltage sensor, the detecting switching circuit comprises a first module, a second module and a third module; when the detecting switching circuit is connected In the current sensor, the first module and the second module are valid, and the first module controls on or off of the second module according to the detection signal of the current sensor, the second module Connected between the power supply circuit and the voltage dividing circuit, the second module is turned on and off Controlling, by the power supply circuit, a power supply to the voltage dividing circuit, the voltage dividing circuit forming a
  • the present embodiment provides a signal detection interface circuit 10, which is located in a peripheral circuit of a controller 20, and the signal detection interface circuit 10 is connected to the controller 20 and Between a current sensor 31 or a voltage sensor 32, the signal detecting interface circuit 10 processes the detection signal of the current sensor 31 or the voltage sensor 32 to form an interface signal, and the signal detecting interface circuit 10
  • the interface signal is provided to the controller 20, the signal detection interface circuit 10 includes a detection switching circuit 11, a power supply circuit 12, and a voltage dividing circuit 13, wherein: the detection switching circuit is connected to the current sensor or the voltage a sensor, the detection switching circuit includes a first module, a second module, and a third module; when the detection switching circuit 11 is connected to the current sensor 31, the first module and the second module are valid, The first module controls the turning on or off of the second module according to the detection signal of the current sensor 31, and the second module is connected to the power supply Between the circuit 12 and the voltage dividing circuit 13, the turning on and off of the second module controls the power supply circuit 12
  • the second module when the current sensor 31 is connected by the detection switching circuit 11, the second module is valid, and when the detection switching circuit 11 is connected to the voltage sensor 32, the third module is effective.
  • the compatibility of the signal detection interface circuit can be improved in the pre-circuit design, and since the current sensor 31 and the voltage sensor 32 use the same signal detection interface circuit 10, the number of interface circuit components and the circuit board are not greatly increased. Area, cost savings.
  • the power supply circuit 12 includes a first transistor Q1 and a second transistor Q2, and the first transistor Q1 is connected to the power source 40 and the detection switching circuit 11,
  • the second transistor Q2 is coupled to a detection enable terminal POWER_EN, and the detection enable terminal turns the second transistor on or off.
  • the first transistor Q1 is a PNP type transistor
  • the second transistor Q2 is an NPN type transistor
  • the base of the first transistor Q1 is connected to the collector of the second transistor Q2, and the emission of the first transistor Q1
  • the pole is connected to the power source 40, the collector of the first transistor Q1 is connected to the first module; the base of the second transistor Q2 is connected to the detection enable terminal POWER_EN, and the emitter of the second transistor Q2 is grounded.
  • a resistor R10 is connected across the base and the emitter of the first transistor Q1, and the base of the first transistor Q1 and the collector of the second transistor Q2 There is a resistor R11 between the base and the emitter of the second transistor Q2, and a resistor R13 between the base of the second transistor Q2 and the detection enable terminal POWER_EN.
  • the power supply circuit 12 further includes a diode D1, a cathode of the diode D1 is connected to an emitter of the first transistor Q1, and an anode of the diode D1 is connected to a power source. 40.
  • the first module includes a first resistor R1, one end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the collector of the first transistor Q1, and the other end is connected to the current.
  • the sensor 31 or the voltage sensor 32 wherein: when the detecting switching circuit 11 is connected to the current sensor 31, the resistance of the first resistor R1 is 200 ohms to 400 ohms; when the detecting switching circuit 11 is connected In the voltage sensor 32, the resistance of the first resistor R1 is 800 ohms to 1500 ohms.
  • the first resistor R1 described above can be implemented, for example, by using a 300R adjustable resistor.
  • the second module includes a third transistor Q3, a second resistor R2, and a third resistor R3, and the third transistor Q3 is a PNP type transistor, and the first module is configured according to
  • the detection signal of the current sensor 31 controls the conduction or the off of the third transistor Q3, the collector of the third transistor Q3 is connected to the voltage dividing circuit 13, and the emitter of the third transistor Q3 is connected.
  • the power supply circuit 12, the second resistor R2 and the third resistor R3 are connected to the base of the third transistor Q3 at one end, and the other ends are respectively connected to the two ends of the first resistor R1.
  • a resistor R1 and the third resistor R3 are connected to the emitter of the third transistor Q3.
  • the third module includes a fourth resistor R4, the resistance of the fourth resistor R4 is less than 0.05, close to zero ohm, and one end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected.
  • the collector of the third transistor Q3 has the other end connected to the connection end of the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2.
  • the voltage dividing circuit 13 includes a fifth resistor R5 and a sixth resistor R6, and one end of the fifth resistor R5 is connected to the third transistor Q3. The other end of the collector is connected to the controller 20.
  • the sixth resistor R6 is connected to the controller 20 at one end and grounded at the other end.
  • the signal detecting interface circuit 10 further includes a diagnostic circuit 14 that detects a short circuit fault when the detecting switching circuit 11 is connected to the current sensor 31.
  • the diagnostic circuit 14 includes a fourth transistor Q4, a fifth transistor Q5, and a clamp circuit, wherein: the fourth transistor Q4 is a PNP type transistor, the fifth transistor Q5 is an NPN type transistor, and the fourth transistor Q4 The emitter is connected to the current sensor 31 or the voltage sensor 32, the base of the fourth transistor Q4 is connected to the collector of the fifth transistor Q5, and the collector of the fourth transistor Q4 is connected to the clamp In the circuit, the emitter of the fifth transistor Q5 is grounded, the base of the fifth transistor Q5 is connected to a diagnostic enable terminal DIAG_EN, and the diagnostic enable terminal turns the fifth transistor on or off.
  • a resistor R14 is connected across a base and an emitter of the fourth transistor Q4, and a base of the fourth transistor Q4 and a set of the fifth transistor Q5 are connected.
  • a resistor R15 between the electrodes
  • a resistor R16 is connected between the base and the emitter of the fifth transistor Q5, and a resistor is formed between the base of the fifth transistor Q5 and the diagnostic enable terminal DIAG_EN. R17.
  • the clamping circuit includes a seventh resistor R7 and an eighth resistor R8.
  • the seventh resistor R7 is connected at one end to the collector of the fourth transistor Q4, and the other end is connected to the controller 20.
  • the eighth resistor R8 is connected to one end.
  • the controller 20 is connected and the other end is grounded.
  • the clamp circuit further includes a ninth resistor R9 and a first capacitor C1, the ninth resistor R9 and the first capacitor C1 form a filter circuit, and the ninth resistor R9 is connected at one end.
  • the seventh resistor R7 and the eighth resistor R8 are connected to the controller 20 at the other end.
  • the first capacitor C1 is connected to the controller 20 at one end and grounded at the other end.
  • the above embodiments describe the different configurations of the signal detection interface circuit in detail.
  • the present invention includes, but is not limited to, the configurations listed in the above embodiments, and any of the configurations provided by the above embodiments are performed.
  • the contents of the transformation are all within the scope of protection of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make the same according to the content of the above embodiments.
  • the invention realizes the compatible design of the voltage sensor 32 and the current sensor interface 31 through the optional components under the premise that the overall circuit topology is unchanged, which saves the system cost and improves the applicability of the interface.
  • the circuit is built with relatively simple components, and the hardware cost is low.
  • the current sensor interface is designed to be protective.
  • the diagnostic circuit can detect the short-circuit fault of the interface to the ground and improve the security of the interface circuit.
  • the embodiment further provides a signal detection interface system and a signal detection method.
  • the signal detection interface system includes a signal detection interface circuit 10, a controller 20, and a sensor 30, wherein: the signal detection interface circuit 10 is connected between the controller 20 and the sensor 30, the signal detecting interface circuit 10 processes the detection signal of the sensor 30 to form an interface signal, and the signal detecting interface circuit 10 uses the interface signal Provided to the controller 20; the signal detection interface circuit 10 includes a detection switching circuit 11, a power supply circuit 12, and a voltage dividing circuit 13, the detection switching circuit 11 is connected to the sensor 30, and the detection switching circuit 11 includes The first module, the second module, and the third module.
  • the current sensor forms a first measured signal according to the object to be measured, and the current sensor 31
  • the sixth transistor Q6 and the current source are included, the sixth transistor Q6 is an NPN type transistor, the base of the sixth transistor Q6 is controlled by the first signal to be measured, and the collector of the sixth transistor Q6 is connected to the current.
  • Source S1 the emitter of the sixth transistor Q6 is grounded; the first module (including the first resistor R1) and the second module (including the third transistor Q3, the second resistor R2, and the third resistor R3) are effective
  • the third module (including the fourth resistor R4) is invalid.
  • the first module controls on or off of the second module according to the detection signal of the current sensor 31, and the second module is connected between the power supply circuit 12 and the voltage dividing circuit 13 Turning on and off of the second module controls a situation in which the power supply circuit 12 supplies power to the voltage dividing circuit 13, and the voltage dividing circuit 13 forms a current according to whether the second module is turned on or off. Interface signal.
  • the voltage sensor when the sensor is a voltage sensor 32, the voltage sensor forms a second measured signal according to the measured object, the voltage sensor 32 includes a seventh transistor Q7, and the seventh transistor Q7 is An NPN type transistor, a base of the seventh transistor Q7 is controlled by a second signal to be measured, a collector of the seventh transistor Q7 is connected to the signal detection interface circuit 10, and an emitter of the seventh transistor Q7 is grounded;
  • the first module including the first resistor R1) and the third module (including the fourth resistor R4) are valid, and the second module (including the third transistor Q3, the second resistor R2, and the third resistor R3) is invalid, in order to For ease of reading the circuit diagram, the second module of FIG.
  • the power supply circuit 12 is connected to the voltage dividing circuit 13 through the first module and the third module, and the first module controls the power supply circuit 12 to the said according to a detection signal of the voltage sensor 31.
  • the voltage dividing circuit 13 supplies power, and the voltage dividing circuit 13 forms a voltage interface signal in accordance with the case of supplying power.
  • the second module when the current sensor 31 is connected by the detection switching circuit 11, the second module is valid, and when the detection switching circuit 11 is connected to the voltage sensor 32, the third module is effective.
  • the compatibility of the signal detection interface circuit can be improved in the pre-circuit design, and since the current sensor 31 and the voltage sensor 32 use the same signal detection interface circuit 10, the number of interface circuit components and the circuit board are not greatly increased. Area, cost savings.
  • the power supply circuit 12 includes a first transistor Q1 and a second transistor Q2, and the first transistor Q1 is connected to the power source 40 and the detection switching circuit 11,
  • the second transistor Q2 is connected to a detection enable terminal POWER_EN.
  • the first transistor Q1 is a PNP type transistor
  • the second transistor Q2 is an NPN type transistor
  • the base of the first transistor Q1 is connected to the collector of the second transistor Q2, and the emission of the first transistor Q1
  • the pole is connected to the power source 40, the collector of the first transistor Q1 is connected to the first module;
  • the base of the second transistor Q2 is connected to the detection enable terminal POWER_EN, and the emitter of the second transistor Q2 is grounded.
  • a resistor R10 is connected across the base and the emitter of the first transistor Q1, and the base of the first transistor Q1 and the collector of the second transistor Q2 There is a resistor R11 between the base and the emitter of the second transistor Q2, and a resistor R13 between the base of the second transistor Q2 and the detection enable terminal POWER_EN.
  • the power supply circuit 12 further includes a diode D1, a cathode of the diode D1 is connected to an emitter of the first transistor Q1, and an anode of the diode D1 is connected to a power source. 40.
  • the first module includes a first resistor R1, one end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the collector of the first transistor Q1, and the other end is connected to the current.
  • the sensor 31 or the voltage sensor 32 wherein: when the detecting switching circuit 11 is connected to the current sensor 31, the resistance of the first resistor R1 is 200 ohms to 400 ohms; when the detecting switching circuit 11 is connected In the voltage sensor 32, the resistance of the first resistor R1 is 800 ohms to 1500 ohms.
  • the second module includes a third transistor Q3, a second resistor R2, and a third resistor R3, and the third transistor Q3 is a PNP type transistor, and the first module is configured according to
  • the detection signal of the current sensor 31 controls the conduction or the off of the third transistor Q3, the collector of the third transistor Q3 is connected to the voltage dividing circuit 13, and the emitter of the third transistor Q3 is connected.
  • the power supply circuit 12, the second resistor R2 and the third resistor R3 are connected to the base of the third transistor Q3 at one end, and the other ends are respectively connected to the two ends of the first resistor R1.
  • a resistor R1 and the third resistor R3 are connected to the emitter of the third transistor Q3.
  • the third module includes a fourth resistor R4, the resistance of the fourth resistor R4 is zero ohm, and one end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected to the third transistor Q3. The other end of the collector is connected to the connection end of the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2.
  • the voltage dividing circuit 13 includes a fifth resistor R5 and a sixth resistor R6, and one end of the fifth resistor R5 is connected to the third transistor Q3. The other end of the collector is connected to the controller 20.
  • the sixth resistor R6 is connected to the controller 20 at one end and grounded at the other end.
  • the signal detection interface circuit 10 further includes a diagnosis circuit 14 that detects the short circuit to the ground when the signal detection interface circuit 10 is connected to the current sensor 31. malfunction.
  • the diagnostic circuit 14 includes a fourth transistor Q4, a fifth transistor Q5, and a clamp circuit, wherein: the fourth transistor Q4 is a PNP type transistor, the fifth transistor Q5 is an NPN type transistor, and the fourth transistor Q4 The emitter is connected to the current sensor 31 or the voltage sensor 32, the base of the fourth transistor Q4 is connected to the collector of the fifth transistor Q5, and the collector of the fourth transistor Q4 is connected to the clamp In the circuit, the emitter of the fifth transistor Q5 is grounded, and the base of the fifth transistor Q5 is connected to a diagnostic enable terminal DIAG_EN.
  • a resistor R14 is connected across a base and an emitter of the fourth transistor Q4, and a base of the fourth transistor Q4 and a set of the fifth transistor Q5 are connected.
  • a resistor R15 between the electrodes
  • a resistor R16 is connected between the base and the emitter of the fifth transistor Q5, and a resistor is formed between the base of the fifth transistor Q5 and the diagnostic enable terminal DIAG_EN. R17.
  • the clamping circuit includes a seventh resistor R7 and an eighth resistor R8.
  • the seventh resistor R7 is connected at one end to the collector of the fourth transistor Q4, and the other end is connected to the controller 20.
  • the eighth resistor R8 is connected to one end.
  • the controller 20 is connected and the other end is grounded.
  • the clamp circuit further includes a ninth resistor R9 and a first capacitor C1, the ninth resistor R9 and the first capacitor C1 form a filter circuit, and the ninth resistor R9 is connected at one end.
  • the seventh resistor R7 and the eighth resistor R8 are connected to the controller 20 at the other end.
  • the first capacitor C1 is connected to the controller 20 at one end and grounded at the other end.
  • the present invention also provides a signal detecting method, the signal detecting method comprising: the signal detecting interface circuit 10 processing the detection signal of the sensor 30 to form an interface signal, and the signal detecting interface circuit 10 provides the interface signal to the control
  • the first module and the second module are effective when the sensor 30 is a current sensor 31, and the first module controls the second module to be turned on or off according to the detection signal of the current sensor.
  • the second module is connected between the power supply circuit 12 and the voltage dividing circuit 13, and the turning on and off of the second module controls the power supply circuit 12 to supply power to the voltage dividing circuit 13,
  • the voltage dividing circuit 13 forms a current interface signal according to the turning on or off of the second module; when the sensor is a voltage sensor 32, the first module and the third module are valid, and the power providing circuit 12 Connecting the voltage dividing circuit 13 through the first module and the third module, the first module controls the power providing circuit 12 according to a detection signal of the voltage sensor 32 Points above dividing circuit 13 to provide power, the voltage dividing circuit 13 formed in accordance with the interface signal in the case of providing power.
  • the first module is effective to include a current flowing through the first resistor R1.
  • the second module is effective to include a current flowing through the third transistor Q3, the second resistor R2, and the third resistor R3.
  • the third module is effective to include a current flowing through the fourth resistor R4.
  • the third module fails, the fourth resistor R4 is not soldered, and the power source 40 supplies a DC voltage.
  • the detecting end is detected.
  • the POWER_EN output is high, the second transistor Q2 is turned on, the collector of Q2 is pulled to a low potential, the first transistor Q1 is turned on, and the power supply voltage output from the power supply 40 is supplied to the detection switching circuit 11, and the first signal S2 is a current signal.
  • the current source S1 in the current sensor 31 is a constant current source, and the current sensor 31 determines the pulse width modulation voltage of the sixth transistor Q6 according to the amplitude relationship between the first measured signal S2 and the current source S1, and the Q6 is turned on and off.
  • the ratio of the time of the break can reflect the amplitude of the first measured signal.
  • the current of the current sensor is larger, and the current flowing through the first resistor R1 is equal to the current of the current sensor.
  • the seventh of the voltage sensors 32 The transistor Q7 is turned on and off according to the amplitude of the second measured signal, and the ratio of the on and off times is proportional to the amplitude of the second measured signal.
  • the seventh transistor Q7 is turned on, the connections of R1 and R4 are connected. The terminal is grounded, the voltage dividing circuit 13 is output to the controller 20 low level, and when the seventh transistor Q7 is turned off, the level of the connection end of R1 and R4 is proportional to the power supply voltage, and the voltage dividing circuit 13 is output to the controller 20 high level.
  • the amplitude of the high level is proportional to the power supply voltage, and the low level and the high level alternately appear, and the ratio of the two is related to the second measured signal.
  • the second module when the current sensor is connected by the detection switching circuit, the second module is valid, and when the detection switching circuit is connected to the voltage sensor, the third module is effective.
  • the compatibility of the signal detection interface circuit can be improved in the pre-circuit design of the circuit, and since the current signal and the voltage sensor use the same signal detection interface circuit together, the number of interface circuit components and the area of the circuit board are not greatly increased, saving cost.
  • the invention realizes the compatible design of the voltage sensor 32 and the current sensor interface 31 through the optional components under the premise that the overall circuit topology is unchanged, which saves the system cost and improves the applicability of the interface.
  • the circuit is built with relatively simple components, and the hardware cost is low.
  • the current sensor interface is designed to be protective.
  • the diagnostic circuit can detect the short-circuit fault of the interface to the ground and improve the security of the interface circuit.

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Abstract

一种信号检测接口电路（10）、系统及信号检测方法，所述信号检测接口电路（10）连接在一控制器（20）和一电流传感器（31）或一电压传感器（32）之间，所述信号检测接口电路（10）对所述电流传感器（31）或所述电压传感器（32）的检测信号进行处理形成一接口信号，所述信号检测接口电路（10）将所述接口信号提供至所述控制器（20）。

Description

信号检测接口电路、系统及信号检测方法 技术领域
本发明涉及车辆控制器技术领域，特别涉及一种信号检测接口电路、系统及信号检测方法。
背景技术
由于整个车辆需要检测的信息量大、类型多、情况复杂、可靠性要求高，因此车辆控制器需携带有多种接口，如电压型信号接口配合电压传感器使用，电流型信号接口配合电流传感器使用，而不同型号的车辆控制器配合使用的电压传感器和电流传感器的数量不同，在车辆控制器的前期设计中，应尽量满足较高的兼容性，但这需要同时增加电压型信号接口和电流型信号接口的数量，同时增加了接口电路的数量和面积增加，造成成本提升，控制器外围电路面积变大的问题。
因此，需要设计一种减小车辆控制器外围接口电路数量和面积的检测信号接口方案。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种信号检测接口电路、系统及信号检测方法，以解决现有的车辆控制器接口数量过多的问题。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明提供一种信号检测接口电路，所述信号检测接口电路连接在一控制器和一电流传感器或一电压传感器之间，所述信号检测接口电路对所述电流传感器或所述电压传感器的检测信号进行处理形成一接口信号，所述信号检测接口电路将所述接口信号提供至所述控制器，所述信号检测接口电路包括检测切换电路、功率提供电路和分压电路，其中：
所述检测切换电路连接所述电流传感器或所述电压传感器，所述检测切换电路包括第一模块、第二模块和第三模块；
当所述检测切换电路连接所述电流传感器时，所述第一模块和所述第二 模块有效，所述第一模块根据所述电流传感器的检测信号控制所述第二模块的导通或关断，所述第二模块连接在所述功率提供电路与所述分压电路之间，所述第二模块的导通和关断控制所述功率提供电路向所述分压电路提供功率的情况，所述分压电路根据所述第二模块的导通或关断形成电流接口信号；
当所述检测切换电路连接所述电压传感器时，所述第一模块和所述第三模块有效，所述功率提供电路通过所述第一模块和所述第三模块连接所述分压电路，所述第一模块根据所述电压传感器的检测信号控制所述功率提供电路向所述分压电路提供功率的情况，所述分压电路根据所提供的功率的情况形成电压接口信号。
可选的，在所述的信号检测接口电路中，所述功率提供电路包括第一晶体管和第二晶体管，所述第一晶体管连接电源和所述检测切换电路，所述第二晶体管连接一检测使能端，所述检测使能端使所述第二晶体管导通或关断。
可选的，在所述的信号检测接口电路中，所述第一晶体管是PNP型三极管，所述第二晶体管是NPN型三极管，所述第一晶体管的基极连接所述第二晶体管的集电极，所述第一晶体管的发射极连接电源，所述第一晶体管的集电极连接所述第一模块；所述第二晶体管的基极连接所述检测使能端，所述第二晶体管的发射极接地。
可选的，在所述的信号检测接口电路中，所述第一晶体管的基极和发射极之间跨接一电阻，所述第一晶体管的基极与所述第二晶体管的集电极之间具有一电阻，所述第二晶体管的基极和发射极之间跨接一电阻，所述第二晶体管的基极与所述检测使能端之间具有一电阻。
可选的，在所述的信号检测接口电路中，所述功率提供电路还包括一二极管，所述二极管的阴极连接所述第一晶体管的发射极，所述二极管的阳极连接电源。
可选的，在所述的信号检测接口电路中，所述第一模块包括第一电阻，所述第一电阻的一端连接所述第一晶体管的集电极，另一端连接所述电流传感器或所述电压传感器，其中：
当所述检测切换电路连接所述电流传感器时，所述第一电阻的阻值为200 欧姆～400欧姆；
当所述检测切换电路连接所述电压传感器时，所述第一电阻的阻值为800欧姆～1500欧姆。
可选的，在所述的信号检测接口电路中，所述第二模块包括第三晶体管、第二电阻和第三电阻，所述第三晶体管为PNP型三极管，所述第一模块根据所述电流传感器的检测信号控制所述第三晶体管的导通或关断，所述第三晶体管的集电极连接所述分压电路，所述第三晶体管的发射极连接所述功率提供电路，所述第二电阻和所述第三电阻中每一个的一端均连接所述第三晶体管的基极，另一端连接在所述第一电阻的相应一端，所述第一电阻和所述第三电阻的连接端还连接所述第三晶体管的发射极。
可选的，在所述的信号检测接口电路中，所述第三模块包括第四电阻，所述第四电阻的阻值小于0.05欧姆，所述第四电阻的一端连接第三晶体管的集电极，另一端连接所述第一电阻和所述第二电阻的连接端。
可选的，在所述的信号检测接口电路中，所述分压电路包括第五电阻和第六电阻，所述第五电阻一端连接所述第三晶体管的集电极，另一端连接所述控制器，所述第六电阻一端连接所述控制器，另一端接地。
可选的，在所述的信号检测接口电路中，所述信号检测接口电路还包括诊断电路，所述诊断电路在所述检测切换电路连接电流传感器时，检测对地短接故障。
可选的，在所述的信号检测接口电路中，所述诊断电路包括第四晶体管、第五晶体管和钳位电路，其中：
所述第四晶体管为PNP型三极管，所述第五晶体管为NPN型三极管，所述第四晶体管的发射极连接所述电流传感器或所述电压传感器，所述第四晶体管的基极连接所述第五晶体管的集电极，所述第四晶体管的集电极连接所述钳位电路，所述第五晶体管的发射极接地，所述第五晶体管的基极连接一诊断使能端，所述诊断使能端使所述第五晶体管导通或关断。
可选的，在所述的信号检测接口电路中，所述第四晶体管的基极和发射极之间跨接一电阻，所述第四晶体管的基极与所述第五晶体管的集电极之间 具有一电阻，所述第五晶体管的基极和发射极之间跨接一电阻，所述第五晶体管的基极与所述诊断使能端之间具有一电阻。
可选的，在所述的信号检测接口电路中，所述钳位电路包括第七电阻和第八电阻，所述第七电阻一端连接所述第四晶体管的集电极，另一端连接所述控制器，所述第八电阻一端连接所述控制器，另一端接地。
可选的，在所述的信号检测接口电路中，所述钳位电路还包括第九电阻和第一电容，所述第九电阻和第一电容组成滤波电路，所述第九电阻一端连接所述第七电阻和所述第八电阻，另一端连接所述控制器，所述第一电容一端连接所述控制器，另一端接地。
本发明还提供一种信号检测接口系统，所述信号检测接口系统包括信号检测接口电路、控制器和传感器，其中：
所述信号检测接口电路连接在所述控制器和所述传感器之间，所述信号检测接口电路对所述传感器的检测信号进行处理形成一接口信号，所述信号检测接口电路将所述接口信号提供至所述控制器；
所述信号检测接口电路包括检测切换电路、功率提供电路和分压电路，所述检测切换电路连接所述传感器，所述检测切换电路包括第一模块、第二模块和第三模块；
当所述传感器为一电流传感器时，所述第一模块和所述第二模块有效，所述第一模块根据所述电流传感器的检测信号控制所述第二模块的导通或关断，所述第二模块连接在所述功率提供电路与所述分压电路之间，所述第二模块的导通和关断控制所述功率提供电路向所述分压电路提供功率的情况，所述分压电路根据所述第二模块的导通或关断形成电流接口信号；
当所述传感器为一电压传感器时，所述第一模块和所述第三模块有效，所述功率提供电路通过所述第一模块和所述第三模块连接所述分压电路，所述第一模块根据所述电压传感器的检测信号控制所述功率提供电路向所述分压电路提供功率的情况，所述分压电路根据所提供的功率的情况形成电压接口信号。
可选的，在所述的信号检测接口系统中，所述电流传感器根据被测对象 形成第一被测信号，所述电流传感器包括第六晶体管与电流源，所述第六晶体管是NPN型三极管，所述第六晶体管的基极受到所述第一被测信号控制，所述第六晶体管的集电极连接所述电流源，所述第六晶体管的发射极接地。
可选的，在所述的信号检测接口系统中，所述电压传感器根据被测对象形成第二被测信号，所述电压传感器包括第七晶体管，所述第七晶体管是NPN型三极管，所述第七晶体管的基极受到所述第二被测信号控制，所述第七晶体管的集电极连接所述信号检测接口电路，所述第七晶体管的发射极接地。
本发明还提供一种信号检测方法，所述信号检测方法包括：
信号检测接口电路对传感器的检测信号进行处理形成一接口信号，所述信号检测接口电路将所述接口信号提供至控制器；
当所述传感器为一电流传感器时，第一模块和第二模块有效，所述第一模块根据所述电流传感器的检测信号控制所述第二模块的导通或关断，所述第二模块连接在功率提供电路与分压电路之间，所述第二模块的导通和关断控制所述功率提供电路向所述分压电路提供功率的情况，所述分压电路根据所述第二模块的导通或关断形成电流接口信号；
当所述传感器为一电压传感器时，所述第一模块和第三模块有效，所述功率提供电路通过所述第一模块和所述第三模块连接所述分压电路，所述第一模块根据所述电压传感器的检测信号控制所述功率提供电路向所述分压电路提供功率的情况，所述分压电路根据所提供的功率的情况形成电压接口信号。
可选的，在所述的信号检测方法中，所述第一模块包括第一电阻，所述第一模块有效包括：第一电阻中有电流流过。
可选的，在所述的信号检测方法中，所述第二模块包括第三晶体管、第二电阻和第三电阻，所述第二模块有效包括：第三晶体管、第二电阻和第三电阻中均有电流流过。
可选的，在所述的信号检测方法中，所述第三模块包括第四电阻，所述第三模块有效包括：第四电阻中有电流流过。
在本发明提供的信号检测接口电路、系统及信号检测方法中，通过所述 检测切换电路连接所述电流传感器时，第二模块有效，所述检测切换电路连接所述电压传感器时，第三模块有效，可在电路前期设计中提高信号检测接口电路的兼容性，而且由于电流传感器和电压传感器共同使用同一个信号检测接口电路，因此不会大大增加接口电路元器件的数量和电路板的面积，节约成本。本发明实现了在整体电路拓扑结构不变的前提下，通过选贴元器件实现电压传感器和电流传感器接口的兼容设计，节省了系统成本，提高了接口的适用性。电路以较简单的元器件搭建完成，硬件成本较低，另外，针对电流传感器接口做了保护性设计，诊断电路可检测到接口对地短路故障，提高了接口电路的安全性。
附图说明
图1是本发明信号检测接口电路、系统及信号检测方法示意图；
图2是本发明信号检测接口电路与电流传感器连接示意图；
图3是本发明信号检测接口电路与电压传感器连接示意图；
图中所示：10-信号检测接口电路；11-检测切换电路；12-功率提供电路；13-分压电路；14-诊断电路；20-控制器；30-传感器；31-电流传感器；32-电压传感器；40-电源。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图和具体实施例对本发明提出的信号检测接口电路、系统及信号检测方法作进一步详细说明。根据下面说明和权利要求书，本发明的优点和特征将更清楚。需说明的是，附图均采用非常简化的形式且均使用非精准的比例，仅用以方便、明晰地辅助说明本发明实施例的目的。
本发明的核心思想在于提供一种信号检测接口电路、系统及信号检测方法以减小车辆控制器外围接口电路数量和面积。
为实现上述思想，本发明提供了一种信号检测接口电路、系统及信号检测方法，所述信号检测接口电路连接在一控制器和一电流传感器或一电压传感器之间，所述信号检测接口电路对所述电流传感器或所述电压传感器的检 测信号进行处理形成一接口信号，所述信号检测接口电路将所述接口信号提供至所述控制器，所述信号检测接口电路包括检测切换电路、功率提供电路和分压电路，其中：所述检测切换电路连接所述电流传感器或所述电压传感器，所述检测切换电路包括第一模块、第二模块和第三模块；当所述检测切换电路连接所述电流传感器时，所述第一模块和所述第二模块有效，所述第一模块根据所述电流传感器的检测信号控制所述第二模块的导通或关断，所述第二模块连接在所述功率提供电路与所述分压电路之间，所述第二模块的导通和关断控制所述功率提供电路向所述分压电路提供功率的情况，所述分压电路根据所述第二模块的导通或关断形成电流接口信号；当所述检测切换电路连接所述电压传感器时，所述第一模块和所述第三模块有效，所述功率提供电路通过所述第一模块和所述第三模块连接所述分压电路，所述第一模块根据所述电压传感器的检测信号控制所述功率提供电路向所述分压电路提供功率的情况，所述分压电路根据提供功率的情况形成电压接口信号。
<实施例一>
如图1～3所示，本实施例提供一种信号检测接口电路10，所述信号检测接口电路10位于一控制器20的外围电路中，所述信号检测接口电路10连接在控制器20和一电流传感器31或一电压传感器32之间，所述信号检测接口电路10对所述电流传感器31或所述电压传感器32的检测信号进行处理形成一接口信号，所述信号检测接口电路10将所述接口信号提供至所述控制器20，所述信号检测接口电路10包括检测切换电路11、功率提供电路12和分压电路13，其中：所述检测切换电路连接所述电流传感器或所述电压传感器，所述检测切换电路包括第一模块、第二模块和第三模块；当所述检测切换电路11连接所述电流传感器31时，所述第一模块和所述第二模块有效，所述第一模块根据所述电流传感器31的检测信号控制所述第二模块的导通或关断，所述第二模块连接在所述功率提供电路12与所述分压电路13之间，所述第二模块的导通和关断控制所述功率提供电路12向所述分压电路13提供功率的情况，所述分压电路13根据所述第二模块的导通或关断形成电流接口信号；当所述检测切换电路11连接所述电压传感器32时，所述第一模块和所述第 三模块有效，所述功率提供电路12通过所述第一模块和所述第三模块连接所述分压电路13，所述第一模块根据所述电压传感器32的检测信号控制所述功率提供电路12向所述分压电路13提供功率的情况，所述分压电路13根据提供功率的情况形成电压接口信号。
在本实施例提供的信号检测接口电路中，通过所述检测切换电路11连接所述电流传感器31时，第二模块有效，所述检测切换电路11连接所述电压传感器32时，第三模块有效，可在电路前期设计中提高信号检测接口电路的兼容性，而且由于电流传感器31和电压传感器32共同使用同一个信号检测接口电路10，因此不会大大增加接口电路元器件的数量和电路板的面积，节约成本。
具体的，在所述的信号检测接口电路10中，所述功率提供电路12包括第一晶体管Q1和第二晶体管Q2，所述第一晶体管Q1连接电源40和所述检测切换电路11，所述第二晶体管Q2连接一检测使能端POWER_EN，所述检测使能端使所述第二晶体管导通或关断。所述第一晶体管Q1是PNP型三极管，所述第二晶体管Q2是NPN型三极管，所述第一晶体管Q1的基极连接所述第二晶体管Q2的集电极，所述第一晶体管Q1的发射极连接电源40，所述第一晶体管Q1的集电极连接所述第一模块；所述第二晶体管Q2的基极连接所述检测使能端POWER_EN，所述第二晶体管Q2的发射极接地。在所述的信号检测接口电路中，所述第一晶体管Q1的基极和发射极之间跨接一电阻R10，所述第一晶体管Q1的基极与所述第二晶体管Q2的集电极之间具有一电阻R11，所述第二晶体管Q2的基极和发射极之间跨接一电阻R12，所述第二晶体管Q2的基极与所述检测使能端POWER_EN之间具有一电阻R13。
进一步的，在所述的信号检测接口电路中，所述功率提供电路12还包括一二极管D1，所述二极管D1的阴极连接所述第一晶体管Q1的发射极，所述二极管D1的阳极连接电源40。
更进一步的，在所述的信号检测接口电路中，所述第一模块包括第一电阻R1，所述第一电阻R1的一端连接所述第一晶体管Q1的集电极，另一端连接所述电流传感器31或所述电压传感器32，其中：当所述检测切换电路11 连接所述电流传感器31时，所述第一电阻R1的阻值为200欧姆～400欧姆；当所述检测切换电路11连接所述电压传感器32时，所述第一电阻R1的阻值为800欧姆～1500欧姆。上述第一电阻R1可例如采用300R可调电阻实现。
另外，在所述的信号检测接口电路中，所述第二模块包括第三晶体管Q3、第二电阻R2和第三电阻R3，所述第三晶体管Q3为PNP型三极管，所述第一模块根据所述电流传感器31的检测信号控制所述第三晶体管Q3的导通或关断，所述第三晶体管Q3的集电极连接所述分压电路13，所述第三晶体管Q3的发射极连接所述功率提供电路12，所述第二电阻R2和所述第三电阻R3一端均连接所述第三晶体管Q3的基极，另一端分别连接在所述第一电阻R1的两端，所述第一电阻R1和所述第三电阻R3连接端还连接所述第三晶体管Q3的发射极。
具体的，在所述的信号检测接口电路中，所述第三模块包括第四电阻R4，所述第四电阻R4的阻值小于0.05，接近为零欧姆，所述第四电阻R4的一端连接第三晶体管Q3的集电极，另一端连接所述第一电阻R1和所述第二电阻R2的连接端。
如图1～3所示，在所述的信号检测接口电路中，所述分压电路13包括第五电阻R5和第六电阻R6，所述第五电阻R5一端连接所述第三晶体管Q3的集电极，另一端连接所述控制器20，所述第六电阻R6一端连接所述控制器20，另一端接地。
进一步的，在所述的信号检测接口电路中，所述信号检测接口电路10还包括诊断电路14，所述诊断电路14在所述检测切换电路11连接电流传感器31时，检测对地短接故障。所述诊断电路14包括第四晶体管Q4、第五晶体管Q5和钳位电路，其中：所述第四晶体管Q4为PNP型三极管，所述第五晶体管Q5为NPN型三极管，所述第四晶体管Q4的发射极连接所述电流传感器31或所述电压传感器32，所述第四晶体管Q4的基极连接所述第五晶体管Q5的集电极，所述第四晶体管Q4的集电极连接所述钳位电路，所述第五晶体管Q5的发射极接地，所述第五晶体管Q5的基极连接一诊断使能端DIAG_EN，所述诊断使能端使所述第五晶体管导通或关断。另外，在所述的 信号检测接口电路中，所述第四晶体管Q4的基极和发射极之间跨接一电阻R14，所述第四晶体管Q4的基极与所述第五晶体管Q5的集电极之间具有一电阻R15，所述第五晶体管Q5的基极和发射极之间跨接一电阻R16，所述第五晶体管Q5的基极与所述诊断使能端DIAG_EN之间具有一电阻R17。
所述钳位电路包括第七电阻R7和第八电阻R8，所述第七电阻R7一端连接所述第四晶体管Q4的集电极，另一端连接所述控制器20，所述第八电阻R8一端连接所述控制器20，另一端接地。在所述的信号检测接口电路中，所述钳位电路还包括第九电阻R9和第一电容C1，所述第九电阻R9和第一电容C1组成滤波电路，所述第九电阻R9一端连接所述第七电阻R7和所述第八电阻R8，另一端连接所述控制器20，所述第一电容C1一端连接所述控制器20，另一端接地。
综上，上述实施例对信号检测接口电路的不同构型进行了详细说明，当然，本发明包括但不局限于上述实施中所列举的构型，任何在上述实施例提供的构型基础上进行变换的内容，均属于本发明所保护的范围。本领域技术人员可以根据上述实施例的内容举一反三。
本发明实现了在整体电路拓扑结构不变的前提下，通过选贴元器件实现电压传感器32和电流传感器接口31的兼容设计，节省了系统成本，提高了接口的适用性。电路以较简单的元器件搭建完成，硬件成本较低，另外，针对电流传感器接口做了保护性设计，诊断电路可检测到接口对地短路故障，提高了接口电路的安全性。
<实施例二>
如图1所示，本实施例还提供一种信号检测接口系统及信号检测方法，所述信号检测接口系统包括信号检测接口电路10、控制器20、传感器30，其中：所述信号检测接口电路10连接在所述控制器20和所述传感器30之间，所述信号检测接口电路10对所述传感器30的检测信号进行处理形成一接口信号，所述信号检测接口电路10将所述接口信号提供至所述控制器20；所述信号检测接口电路10包括检测切换电路11、功率提供电路12和分压电路13，所述检测切换电路11连接所述传感器30，所述检测切换电路11包括第一模 块、第二模块和第三模块。
具体的，在所述的信号检测接口系统中，如图2所示，当所述传感器为一电流传感器31时，所述电流传感器根据被测对象形成第一被测信号，所述电流传感器31包括第六晶体管Q6与电流源，所述第六晶体管Q6是NPN型三极管，所述第六晶体管Q6的基极受到第一被测信号控制，所述第六晶体管Q6的集电极连接所述电流源S1，所述第六晶体管Q6的发射极接地；所述第一模块(包括第一电阻R1)和所述第二模块(包括第三晶体管Q3、第二电阻R2和第三电阻R3)有效，第三模块(包括第四电阻R4)无效，为了便于阅读电路图，将图2中的第三模块(即第四电阻R4)移除。所述第一模块根据所述电流传感器31的检测信号控制所述第二模块的导通或关断，所述第二模块连接在所述功率提供电路12与所述分压电路13之间，所述第二模块的导通和关断控制所述功率提供电路12向所述分压电路13提供功率的情况，所述分压电路13根据所述第二模块的导通或关断形成电流接口信号。
如图3所示，当所述传感器为一电压传感器32时，所述电压传感器根据被测对象形成第二被测信号，所述电压传感器32包括第七晶体管Q7，所述第七晶体管Q7是NPN型三极管，所述第七晶体管Q7的基极受到第二被测信号控制，所述第七晶体管Q7的集电极连接所述信号检测接口电路10，所述第七晶体管Q7的发射极接地；所述第一模块(包括第一电阻R1)和所述第三模块(包括第四电阻R4)有效，第二模块(包括第三晶体管Q3、第二电阻R2和第三电阻R3)无效，为了便于阅读电路图，将图3中的第二模块(即第三晶体管Q3、第二电阻R2和第三电阻R3)以及与之相连的诊断电路14移除。所述功率提供电路12通过所述第一模块和所述第三模块连接所述分压电路13，所述第一模块根据所述电压传感器31的检测信号控制所述功率提供电路12向所述分压电路13提供功率的情况，所述分压电路13根据提供功率的情况形成电压接口信号。
在本实施例提供的信号检测接口系统中，通过所述检测切换电路11连接所述电流传感器31时，第二模块有效，所述检测切换电路11连接所述电压传感器32时，第三模块有效，可在电路前期设计中提高信号检测接口电路的 兼容性，而且由于电流传感器31和电压传感器32共同使用同一个信号检测接口电路10，因此不会大大增加接口电路元器件的数量和电路板的面积，节约成本。
具体的，在所述的信号检测接口系统10中，所述功率提供电路12包括第一晶体管Q1和第二晶体管Q2，所述第一晶体管Q1连接电源40和所述检测切换电路11，所述第二晶体管Q2连接一检测使能端POWER_EN。所述第一晶体管Q1是PNP型三极管，所述第二晶体管Q2是NPN型三极管，所述第一晶体管Q1的基极连接所述第二晶体管Q2的集电极，所述第一晶体管Q1的发射极连接电源40，所述第一晶体管Q1的集电极连接所述第一模块；所述第二晶体管Q2的基极连接所述检测使能端POWER_EN，所述第二晶体管Q2的发射极接地。在所述的信号检测接口电路中，所述第一晶体管Q1的基极和发射极之间跨接一电阻R10，所述第一晶体管Q1的基极与所述第二晶体管Q2的集电极之间具有一电阻R11，所述第二晶体管Q2的基极和发射极之间跨接一电阻R12，所述第二晶体管Q2的基极与所述检测使能端POWER_EN之间具有一电阻R13。
进一步的，在所述的信号检测接口系统中，所述功率提供电路12还包括一二极管D1，所述二极管D1的阴极连接所述第一晶体管Q1的发射极，所述二极管D1的阳极连接电源40。
更进一步的，在所述的信号检测接口系统中，所述第一模块包括第一电阻R1，所述第一电阻R1的一端连接所述第一晶体管Q1的集电极，另一端连接所述电流传感器31或所述电压传感器32，其中：当所述检测切换电路11连接所述电流传感器31时，所述第一电阻R1的阻值为200欧姆～400欧姆；当所述检测切换电路11连接所述电压传感器32时，所述第一电阻R1的阻值为800欧姆～1500欧姆。
另外，在所述的信号检测接口系统中，所述第二模块包括第三晶体管Q3、第二电阻R2和第三电阻R3，所述第三晶体管Q3为PNP型三极管，所述第一模块根据所述电流传感器31的检测信号控制所述第三晶体管Q3的导通或关断，所述第三晶体管Q3的集电极连接所述分压电路13，所述第三晶体管 Q3的发射极连接所述功率提供电路12，所述第二电阻R2和所述第三电阻R3一端均连接所述第三晶体管Q3的基极，另一端分别连接在所述第一电阻R1的两端，所述第一电阻R1和所述第三电阻R3连接端还连接所述第三晶体管Q3的发射极。
具体的，在所述的信号检测接口系统中，所述第三模块包括第四电阻R4，所述第四电阻R4的阻值为零欧姆，所述第四电阻R4的一端连接第三晶体管Q3的集电极，另一端连接所述第一电阻R1和所述第二电阻R2的连接端。
如图1～3所示，在所述的信号检测接口系统中，所述分压电路13包括第五电阻R5和第六电阻R6，所述第五电阻R5一端连接所述第三晶体管Q3的集电极，另一端连接所述控制器20，所述第六电阻R6一端连接所述控制器20，另一端接地。
进一步的，在所述的信号检测接口电路中，所述信号检测接口电路10还包括诊断电路14，所述诊断电路14在所述信号检测接口电路10连接电流传感器31时，检测对地短接故障。所述诊断电路14包括第四晶体管Q4、第五晶体管Q5和钳位电路，其中：所述第四晶体管Q4为PNP型三极管，所述第五晶体管Q5为NPN型三极管，所述第四晶体管Q4的发射极连接所述电流传感器31或所述电压传感器32，所述第四晶体管Q4的基极连接所述第五晶体管Q5的集电极，所述第四晶体管Q4的集电极连接所述钳位电路，所述第五晶体管Q5的发射极接地，所述第五晶体管Q5的基极连接一诊断使能端DIAG_EN。另外，在所述的信号检测接口电路中，所述第四晶体管Q4的基极和发射极之间跨接一电阻R14，所述第四晶体管Q4的基极与所述第五晶体管Q5的集电极之间具有一电阻R15，所述第五晶体管Q5的基极和发射极之间跨接一电阻R16，所述第五晶体管Q5的基极与所述诊断使能端DIAG_EN之间具有一电阻R17。
所述钳位电路包括第七电阻R7和第八电阻R8，所述第七电阻R7一端连接所述第四晶体管Q4的集电极，另一端连接所述控制器20，所述第八电阻R8一端连接所述控制器20，另一端接地。在所述的信号检测接口电路中，所述钳位电路还包括第九电阻R9和第一电容C1，所述第九电阻R9和第一电容 C1组成滤波电路，所述第九电阻R9一端连接所述第七电阻R7和所述第八电阻R8，另一端连接所述控制器20，所述第一电容C1一端连接所述控制器20，另一端接地。
本发明还提供一种信号检测方法，所述信号检测方法包括：信号检测接口电路10对传感器30的检测信号进行处理形成一接口信号，所述信号检测接口电路10将所述接口信号提供至控制器20；当所述传感器30为一电流传感器31时，第一模块和第二模块有效，所述第一模块根据所述电流传感器的检测信号控制所述第二模块的导通或关断，所述第二模块连接在功率提供电路12与分压电路13之间，所述第二模块的导通和关断控制所述功率提供电路12向所述分压电路13提供功率的情况，所述分压电路13根据所述第二模块的导通或关断形成电流接口信号；当所述传感器为一电压传感器32时，所述第一模块和第三模块有效，所述功率提供电路12通过所述第一模块和所述第三模块连接所述分压电路13，所述第一模块根据所述电压传感器32的检测信号控制所述功率提供电路12向所述分压电路13提供功率的情况，所述分压电路13根据提供功率的情况形成电压接口信号。
具体的，所述第一模块有效包括：第一电阻R1中有电流流过。所述第二模块有效包括：第三晶体管Q3、第二电阻R2和第三电阻R3中均有电流流过。所述第三模块有效包括：第四电阻R4中有电流流过。
如图2所示，当信号检测接口电路10对电流传感器31配合使用时，第三模块失效，第四电阻R4不进行焊接，电源40提供直流电压，经过二极管D1，检测时，检测使能端POWER_EN输出高电位，第二晶体管Q2导通，Q2集电极被拉到低电位，第一晶体管Q1导通，电源40输出的电源电压提供给检测切换电路11，第一被测信号S2是电流信号，电流传感器31中的电流源S1是恒流源，电流传感器31根据第一被测信号S2与电流源S1之间的幅值关系确定第六晶体管Q6的脉宽调制电压，Q6导通和关断的时间的比值可反映出第一被测信号的幅值。当第一被测信号幅值大于阈值时，电流传感器的导通电流较大，流过第一电阻R1的电流等于电流传感器的导通电流，当第一电阻R1两端的电压值较大，足以使第三晶体管Q3基极和发射极之间的电 压大于第三晶体管的导通电压时，第三晶体管导通，电源电压通过第三晶体管传送到分压电路13，并由分压电路输送至控制器20。
如图3所示，当信号检测接口电路10对电压传感器32配合使用时，第二模块失效，第三晶体管Q3、第二电阻R2和第三电阻R3不进行焊接，电压传感器32中的第七晶体管Q7根据第二被测信号的幅值导通和关断，导通和关断时间的比值与第二被测信号的幅值成正比，第七晶体管Q7导通时，R1和R4的连接端接地，分压电路13输给控制器20低电平，第七晶体管Q7关断时，R1与R4的连接端的电平与电源电压成正比，分压电路13输给控制器20高电平，且该高电平的幅值与电源电压成正比，低电平和高电平交替出现，两者的比值即与第二被测信号相关。
在本实施例提供的信号检测接口系统及信号检测方法中，通过所述检测切换电路连接所述电流传感器时，第二模块有效，所述检测切换电路连接所述电压传感器时，第三模块有效，可在电路前期设计中提高信号检测接口电路的兼容性，而且由于电流传感器和电压传感器共同使用同一个信号检测接口电路，因此不会大大增加接口电路元器件的数量和电路板的面积，节约成本。
本发明实现了在整体电路拓扑结构不变的前提下，通过选贴元器件实现电压传感器32和电流传感器接口31的兼容设计，节省了系统成本，提高了接口的适用性。电路以较简单的元器件搭建完成，硬件成本较低，另外，针对电流传感器接口做了保护性设计，诊断电路可检测到接口对地短路故障，提高了接口电路的安全性。
本说明书中各个实施例采用递进的方式描述，每个实施例重点说明的都是与其他实施例的不同之处，各个实施例之间相同相似部分互相参见即可。对于实施例公开的系统而言，由于与实施例公开的方法相对应，所以描述的比较简单，相关之处参见方法部分说明即可。
上述描述仅是对本发明较佳实施例的描述，并非对本发明范围的任何限定，本发明领域的普通技术人员根据上述揭示内容做的任何变更、修饰，均属于权利要求书的保护范围。

Claims (21)

  1. 一种信号检测接口电路，连接在一控制器和一电流传感器或一电压传感器之间，所述信号检测接口电路对所述电流传感器或所述电压传感器的检测信号进行处理形成一接口信号，所述信号检测接口电路将所述接口信号提供至所述控制器，其特征在于，所述信号检测接口电路包括检测切换电路、功率提供电路和分压电路，其中：
    所述检测切换电路连接所述电流传感器或所述电压传感器，所述检测切换电路包括第一模块、第二模块和第三模块；
    当所述检测切换电路连接所述电流传感器时，所述第一模块和所述第二模块有效，所述第一模块根据所述电流传感器的检测信号控制所述第二模块的导通或关断，所述第二模块连接在所述功率提供电路与所述分压电路之间，所述第二模块的导通和关断控制所述功率提供电路向所述分压电路提供功率的情况，所述分压电路根据所述第二模块的导通或关断形成电流接口信号；
    当所述检测切换电路连接所述电压传感器时，所述第一模块和所述第三模块有效，所述功率提供电路通过所述第一模块和所述第三模块连接所述分压电路，所述第一模块根据所述电压传感器的检测信号控制所述功率提供电路向所述分压电路提供功率的情况，所述分压电路根据所提供的功率的情况形成电压接口信号。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的信号检测接口电路，其特征在于，所述功率提供电路包括第一晶体管和第二晶体管，所述第一晶体管连接电源和所述检测切换电路，所述第二晶体管连接一检测使能端，所述检测使能端使所述第二晶体管导通或关断。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的信号检测接口电路，其特征在于，所述第一晶体管是PNP型三极管，所述第二晶体管是NPN型三极管，所述第一晶体管的基极连接所述第二晶体管的集电极，所述第一晶体管的发射极连接电源，所述 第一晶体管的集电极连接所述第一模块；所述第二晶体管的基极连接所述检测使能端，所述第二晶体管的发射极接地。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的信号检测接口电路，其特征在于，所述第一晶体管的基极和发射极之间跨接一电阻，所述第一晶体管的基极与所述第二晶体管的集电极之间具有一电阻，所述第二晶体管的基极和发射极之间跨接一电阻，所述第二晶体管的基极与所述检测使能端之间具有一电阻。
  5. 如权利要求3所述的信号检测接口电路，其特征在于，所述功率提供电路还包括一二极管，所述二极管的阴极连接所述第一晶体管的发射极，所述二极管的阳极连接电源。
  6. 如权利要求3所述的信号检测接口电路，其特征在于，所述第一模块包括第一电阻，所述第一电阻的一端连接所述第一晶体管的集电极，另一端连接所述电流传感器或所述电压传感器，其中：
    当所述检测切换电路连接所述电流传感器时，所述第一电阻的阻值为200欧姆～400欧姆；
    当所述检测切换电路连接所述电压传感器时，所述第一电阻的阻值为800欧姆～1500欧姆。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的信号检测接口电路，其特征在于，所述第二模块包括第三晶体管、第二电阻和第三电阻，所述第三晶体管为PNP型三极管，所述第一模块根据所述电流传感器的检测信号控制所述第三晶体管的导通或关断，所述第三晶体管的集电极连接所述分压电路，所述第三晶体管的发射极连接所述功率提供电路，所述第二电阻和所述第三电阻中每一个的一端均连接所述第三晶体管的基极，另一端连接在所述第一电阻的相应一端，所述第一电阻和所述第三电阻的连接端还连接所述第三晶体管的发射极。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的信号检测接口电路，其特征在于，所述第三模块包括第四电阻，所述第四电阻的阻值小于0.05欧姆，所述第四电阻的一端连接第三晶体管的集电极，另一端连接所述第一电阻和所述第二电阻的连接端。
  9. 如权利要求7所述的信号检测接口电路，其特征在于，所述分压电路包括第五电阻和第六电阻，所述第五电阻一端连接所述第三晶体管的集电极，另一端连接所述控制器，所述第六电阻一端连接所述控制器，另一端接地。
  10. 如权利要求1所述的信号检测接口电路，其特征在于，所述信号检测接口电路还包括诊断电路，所述诊断电路在所述检测切换电路连接电流传感器时，检测对地短接故障。
  11. 如权利要求10所述的信号检测接口电路，其特征在于，所述诊断电路包括第四晶体管、第五晶体管和钳位电路，其中：
    所述第四晶体管为PNP型三极管，所述第五晶体管为NPN型三极管，所述第四晶体管的发射极连接所述电流传感器或所述电压传感器，所述第四晶体管的基极连接所述第五晶体管的集电极，所述第四晶体管的集电极连接所述钳位电路，所述第五晶体管的发射极接地，所述第五晶体管的基极连接一诊断使能端，所述诊断使能端使所述第五晶体管导通或关断。
  12. 如权利要求11所述的信号检测接口电路，其特征在于，所述第四晶体管的基极和发射极之间跨接一电阻，所述第四晶体管的基极与所述第五晶体管的集电极之间具有一电阻，所述第五晶体管的基极和发射极之间跨接一电阻，所述第五晶体管的基极与所述诊断使能端之间具有一电阻。
  13. 如权利要求11所述的信号检测接口电路，其特征在于，所述钳位电路包括第七电阻和第八电阻，所述第七电阻一端连接所述第四晶体管的集电极，另一端连接所述控制器，所述第八电阻一端连接所述控制器，另一端接地。
  14. 如权利要求13所述的信号检测接口电路，其特征在于，所述钳位电路还包括第九电阻和第一电容，所述第九电阻和第一电容组成滤波电路，所述第九电阻一端连接所述第七电阻和所述第八电阻，另一端连接所述控制器，所述第一电容一端连接所述控制器，另一端接地。
  15. 一种信号检测接口系统，其特征在于，包括信号检测接口电路、控 制器和传感器，其中：
    所述信号检测接口电路连接在所述控制器和所述传感器之间，所述信号检测接口电路对所述传感器的检测信号进行处理形成一接口信号，所述信号检测接口电路将所述接口信号提供至所述控制器；
    所述信号检测接口电路包括检测切换电路、功率提供电路和分压电路，所述检测切换电路连接所述传感器，所述检测切换电路包括第一模块、第二模块和第三模块；
    当所述传感器为一电流传感器时，所述第一模块和所述第二模块有效，所述第一模块根据所述电流传感器的检测信号控制所述第二模块的导通或关断，所述第二模块连接在所述功率提供电路与所述分压电路之间，所述第二模块的导通和关断控制所述功率提供电路向所述分压电路提供功率的情况，所述分压电路根据所述第二模块的导通或关断形成电流接口信号；
    当所述传感器为一电压传感器时，所述第一模块和所述第三模块有效，所述功率提供电路通过所述第一模块和所述第三模块连接所述分压电路，所述第一模块根据所述电压传感器的检测信号控制所述功率提供电路向所述分压电路提供功率的情况，所述分压电路根据所提供的功率的情况形成电压接口信号。
  16. 如权利要求15所述的信号检测接口系统，其特征在于，所述电流传感器根据被测对象形成第一被测信号，所述电流传感器包括第六晶体管与电流源，所述第六晶体管是NPN型三极管，所述第六晶体管的基极受到所述第一被测信号控制，所述第六晶体管的集电极连接所述电流源，所述第六晶体管的发射极接地。
  17. 如权利要求15所述的信号检测接口系统，其特征在于，所述电压传感器根据被测对象形成第二被测信号，所述电压传感器包括第七晶体管，所述第七晶体管是NPN型三极管，所述第七晶体管的基极受到所述第二被测信号控制，所述第七晶体管的集电极连接所述信号检测接口电路，所述第七晶 体管的发射极接地。
  18. 一种信号检测方法，其特征在于，包括：
    信号检测接口电路对传感器的检测信号进行处理形成一接口信号，所述信号检测接口电路将所述接口信号提供至控制器；
    当所述传感器为一电流传感器时，第一模块和第二模块有效，所述第一模块根据所述电流传感器的检测信号控制所述第二模块的导通或关断，所述第二模块连接在功率提供电路与分压电路之间，所述第二模块的导通和关断控制所述功率提供电路向所述分压电路提供功率的情况，所述分压电路根据所述第二模块的导通或关断形成电流接口信号；
    当所述传感器为一电压传感器时，所述第一模块和第三模块有效，所述功率提供电路通过所述第一模块和所述第三模块连接所述分压电路，所述第一模块根据所述电压传感器的检测信号控制所述功率提供电路向所述分压电路提供功率的情况，所述分压电路根据所提供的功率的情况形成电压接口信号。
  19. 如权利要求18所述的信号检测方法，其特征在于，所述第一模块包括第一电阻，所述第一模块有效包括：第一电阻中有电流流过。
  20. 如权利要求18所述的信号检测方法，其特征在于，所述第二模块包括第三晶体管、第二电阻和第三电阻，所述第二模块有效包括：第三晶体管、第二电阻和第三电阻中均有电流流过。
  21. 如权利要求18所述的信号检测方法，其特征在于，所述第三模块包括第四电阻，所述第三模块有效包括：第四电阻中有电流流过。
PCT/CN2018/086294 2017-07-10 2018-05-10 信号检测接口电路、系统及信号检测方法 WO2019011049A1 (zh)

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