WO2018228351A1 - 加工中心 - Google Patents

加工中心 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018228351A1
WO2018228351A1 PCT/CN2018/090741 CN2018090741W WO2018228351A1 WO 2018228351 A1 WO2018228351 A1 WO 2018228351A1 CN 2018090741 W CN2018090741 W CN 2018090741W WO 2018228351 A1 WO2018228351 A1 WO 2018228351A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
machining center
main shaft
sliding plate
driving member
slide
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2018/090741
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
董祥义
Original Assignee
宁波德玛智能机械有限公司
董祥义
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN201710437219.1A external-priority patent/CN107020521B/zh
Priority claimed from CN201720674864.0U external-priority patent/CN207387061U/zh
Priority claimed from CN201720807191.1U external-priority patent/CN207326429U/zh
Application filed by 宁波德玛智能机械有限公司, 董祥义 filed Critical 宁波德玛智能机械有限公司
Priority to JP2019553561A priority Critical patent/JP6845947B2/ja
Priority to EP18816837.1A priority patent/EP3603881A4/en
Priority to MX2019012689A priority patent/MX2019012689A/es
Priority to KR1020197037076A priority patent/KR102307007B1/ko
Publication of WO2018228351A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018228351A1/zh
Priority to US16/597,838 priority patent/US11097387B2/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
    • B23Q1/25—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports
    • B23Q1/26—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports characterised by constructional features relating to the co-operation of relatively movable members; Means for preventing relative movement of such members
    • B23Q1/262—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports characterised by constructional features relating to the co-operation of relatively movable members; Means for preventing relative movement of such members with means to adjust the distance between the relatively slidable members
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
    • B23Q1/01—Frames, beds, pillars or like members; Arrangement of ways
    • B23Q1/012—Portals
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23C—MILLING
    • B23C1/00—Milling machines not designed for particular work or special operations
    • B23C1/002—Gantry-type milling machines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23C—MILLING
    • B23C1/00—Milling machines not designed for particular work or special operations
    • B23C1/08—Milling machines not designed for particular work or special operations with a plurality of vertical working-spindles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
    • B23Q1/01—Frames, beds, pillars or like members; Arrangement of ways
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
    • B23Q1/01—Frames, beds, pillars or like members; Arrangement of ways
    • B23Q1/015—Frames, beds, pillars
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
    • B23Q1/01—Frames, beds, pillars or like members; Arrangement of ways
    • B23Q1/017—Arrangements of ways
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
    • B23Q1/25—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports
    • B23Q1/26—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports characterised by constructional features relating to the co-operation of relatively movable members; Means for preventing relative movement of such members
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q39/00—Metal-working machines incorporating a plurality of sub-assemblies, each capable of performing a metal-working operation
    • B23Q39/02—Metal-working machines incorporating a plurality of sub-assemblies, each capable of performing a metal-working operation the sub-assemblies being capable of being brought to act at a single operating station
    • B23Q39/021—Metal-working machines incorporating a plurality of sub-assemblies, each capable of performing a metal-working operation the sub-assemblies being capable of being brought to act at a single operating station with a plurality of toolheads per workholder, whereby the toolhead is a main spindle, a multispindle, a revolver or the like
    • B23Q39/022—Metal-working machines incorporating a plurality of sub-assemblies, each capable of performing a metal-working operation the sub-assemblies being capable of being brought to act at a single operating station with a plurality of toolheads per workholder, whereby the toolhead is a main spindle, a multispindle, a revolver or the like with same working direction of toolheads on same workholder
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q39/00—Metal-working machines incorporating a plurality of sub-assemblies, each capable of performing a metal-working operation
    • B23Q39/04—Metal-working machines incorporating a plurality of sub-assemblies, each capable of performing a metal-working operation the sub-assemblies being arranged to operate simultaneously at different stations, e.g. with an annular work-table moved in steps
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q5/00—Driving or feeding mechanisms; Control arrangements therefor
    • B23Q5/22—Feeding members carrying tools or work
    • B23Q5/28—Electric drives
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q39/00—Metal-working machines incorporating a plurality of sub-assemblies, each capable of performing a metal-working operation
    • B23Q2039/002—Machines with twin spindles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T409/00—Gear cutting, milling, or planing
    • Y10T409/30—Milling
    • Y10T409/306664—Milling including means to infeed rotary cutter toward work
    • Y10T409/306776—Axially
    • Y10T409/307168—Plural cutters
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T409/00—Gear cutting, milling, or planing
    • Y10T409/30—Milling
    • Y10T409/30784—Milling including means to adustably position cutter
    • Y10T409/307952—Linear adjustment
    • Y10T409/308288—Linear adjustment including gantry-type cutter-carrier
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T409/00—Gear cutting, milling, or planing
    • Y10T409/30—Milling
    • Y10T409/30784—Milling including means to adustably position cutter
    • Y10T409/307952—Linear adjustment
    • Y10T409/308344—Plural cutters
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T409/00—Gear cutting, milling, or planing
    • Y10T409/30—Milling
    • Y10T409/309576—Machine frame

Definitions

  • the application relates to a machining center.
  • the machining center is the core equipment for the manufacture of mechanical parts, which determines the forming speed and forming quality of mechanical parts.
  • the machining center for automobile hubs often uses a four-beam assembly system.
  • Figure 1 shows the general structure of the machining center, which is subject to the bulk of the four beam assemblies. In the case of a certain arrangement space, the machining stroke of the workpiece is reduced, which is not only bulky, but also heavy, and only a single machining spindle is mounted on the two beams, and the processing capability is relatively weak.
  • the present application provides a machining center for machining a workpiece, the machining center including a column, a beam, a sliding plate, a first driving member, a second driving member, a first main shaft, and a second main shaft, wherein the vertical column supports the a cross member, the sliding plate is disposed on the beam and is relatively slidable in a longitudinal direction of the beam, and the first main shaft and the second main shaft are disposed on the sliding plate and respectively located in the width direction of the beam
  • the first driving member is configured to drive the sliding plate to slide relative to the cross beam, and the second driving member is configured to drive the first main shaft and the second main shaft to operate, the first main shaft and the first main shaft
  • the two spindles are used to machine the workpiece synchronously or asynchronously.
  • the number of the slide plates is one, and the first main shaft and the second main shaft are simultaneously disposed on the sliding plate and symmetrically disposed with respect to the sliding plate.
  • the beam includes a first layer and a second layer which are stacked, a first sliding slot is formed on the first layer, and a second sliding slot is opened on the second layer, and the sliding plate passes through the The first chute and the second chute slide relative to each other in the longitudinal direction of the beam.
  • first main shaft and the second main shaft are provided with a connecting structure, and the connecting structure is configured to fixedly connect the first main shaft and the second main shaft.
  • the number of the slide plates is two, the two slide plates are a first slide plate and a second slide plate, the first main shaft is fixed to the first slide plate, and the second main shaft is fixed to the second slide plate. a sliding plate, the first sliding plate and the second sliding plate are respectively located on opposite sides of the beam width direction.
  • the rib of the beam extends outwardly and forms four ribs, wherein two ribs are located on one side of the beam and are embeddedly connected to the first slide, and the other two ribs are located at the The other side of the beam is embedded and connected to the second slide.
  • one end of the column is connected to the beam, and the width of one end of the column near the beam is smaller than the width of one end away from the beam.
  • the number of the columns is two, and the two columns are oppositely disposed at both ends of the beam and support the beam.
  • the column is provided with a hollow structure.
  • the machining center further includes a machine tool base, and the machine tool base is coupled to the column.
  • the machining center further includes a carriage, the carriage is configured to carry the workpiece, and the machine base is provided with a slide rail, so that the carriage slides along the slide rail relative to the machine base.
  • a third driving member is disposed on the carriage, a nut screw mechanism is disposed between the third driving member and the carriage, and the third driving member is driven by the nut screw mechanism.
  • the carriage slides along the slide rail.
  • the number of the carriage and the third driving member is one.
  • the number of the carriage and the third driving member are two, and each of the two driving members respectively drives one of the carriages to slide relative to the machine base.
  • the corners of the column, the beam and the sliding plate are all arranged in a circular arc curve transition.
  • the machining center provided by the present application breaks through the four-beam component system of the conventional machining center, adopts a single beam structure, reduces the volume and weight, and hangs a plurality of spindles on a single beam, and the processing and production capability is improved.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of a machining center in the background art.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a machining center in a first embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG 3 is a schematic structural view of a column in the first embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a machine tool base in a machining center according to a first embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a beam in the first embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a first sliding plate in the first embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a second sliding plate in the first embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a first main shaft in the first embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of a second main shaft according to a second embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural view of a machining center in a second embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural view of a carriage in a machining center according to a second embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic structural view of a center pillar of a machining center according to a second embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic structural view of a beam in a machining center according to a second embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic structural view of a first layer of a beam in a machining center according to a second embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 15 is a schematic view showing the structure of a slide plate in a machining center in a second embodiment of the present application.
  • 16 is a schematic structural view of a first main shaft and a second main shaft in a machining center according to a second embodiment of the present application.
  • 100 and 100a denote machining centers
  • 10 denotes a column
  • 11 denotes a first end
  • 12 denotes a second end
  • 13 denotes a hollow structure
  • 14 denotes a connecting hole
  • 20 denotes a beam
  • 21 denotes a rib
  • 22 denotes a first layer
  • 221 denotes
  • the first chute, 23 represents the second layer
  • 231 represents the second chute
  • 30 represents the slide
  • 31 represents the first slide
  • 32 represents the second slide
  • 40 represents the first drive
  • 50 represents the second drive
  • 60 represents The first spindle
  • 61 represents the connection structure
  • 70 represents the second spindle
  • 80 represents the machine base
  • 81 represents the projections
  • 82 represents the slide rails
  • 90 represents the pallet
  • 91 represents the third drive member
  • 92 represents the nut screw mechanism.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a machining center 100 according to a first embodiment of the present application.
  • the machining center 100 includes a column 10, a beam 20, a slider 30, a first driving member 40, a second driving member 50, and a first The main shaft 60 and the second main shaft 70, the column 10 is used to support the beam 20, the sliding plate 30 is disposed on the beam 10 and is slidable relative to the beam 20, and the first main shaft 60 and the second main shaft 70 are disposed on the sliding plate 30 and respectively located on the beam 20
  • the first driving member 40 is used to drive the sliding plate 30 to slide relative to the beam 20
  • the second driving member 50 is used to drive the first main shaft 60 and the second main shaft 70 to operate, the first main shaft 60 and the second The spindles 70 cooperate with one another and are used to machine workpieces synchronously or asynchronously.
  • the workpiece to be processed is an automobile hub, that is, the machining center 100 is used to process the automobile hub. It can be understood that the machining center 100 is not limited to being able to process only the automobile hub. In other embodiments, the workpiece to be processed may also be other parts than the automobile hub, that is, the machining center 100 can also realize the automobile hub. Processing of other parts outside.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the column 10 according to the first embodiment of the present application.
  • the side shape of the column 10 is arranged in a “human” shape, and the column 10 includes a first end 11 adjacent to the beam 20 and The second end 12 of the end 11 is opposite to the second end 12 of the column 10, and the second end 12 of the column 10 is in contact with the ground.
  • the width of the first end 11 of the column 10 is smaller than the width of the second end 12, and the column 10 disposed in a "human" shape can be close to The equal stress distribution of the structure is forced to meet the demand and the safety is higher.
  • the column 10 is provided with a hollow structure 13 for reducing the weight of the column 10, reducing the overall weight of the processing assembly 100 on the basis of ensuring the structural strength of the column 10, reducing transportation costs and facilitating transportation.
  • the number of the columns 10 is two, and the two columns 10 are oppositely disposed and connected to the two ends of the beam 20, respectively. It can be understood that in other embodiments, the number of the columns 10 may be one or two.
  • the provision of one column 10 can reduce the cost of the machining center 100.
  • the provision of more than two columns 10 can further improve the stability of the machining center 100. Sex.
  • the machining center 100 is further provided with a machine tool base 80.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the machine tool base 80 in the machining center 100 according to the first embodiment of the present application, and the machine tool base 80 is in contact with the ground.
  • the machine base 80 is arranged in a rectangular shape, and the machine base 80 is provided with protrusions 81 on both sides in the longitudinal direction thereof and in the middle of the longitudinal direction of the machine tool base 80, and the protrusions on each side of the machine base 80 81 are provided with two, and the two protrusions 81 on each side are arranged in parallel and at intervals. Setting the machine base 80 reduces the center of gravity of the machining center 100 and increases the contact area with the ground, thereby improving the vibration resistance of the machining center 100 and increasing the stability.
  • the middle end of the large end of the column 10 is provided with a connecting hole 14 for the protrusion 81 provided on the machine base 80 to pass the fixing between the column 10 and the machine base 80, and the column is fixed. 10 and the machine base 80 are fixed to each other, which improves the integrity of the machining center 100 and improves the performance of the whole machine.
  • the machine base 80 can be omitted without considering the improvement of the stability and the firmness of the machining center by the machine base 80.
  • a side of the machine tool base 80 facing away from the ground is further provided with a pallet 90 for carrying the workpiece.
  • a side of the machine base 80 adjacent to the pallet 90 is provided with a plurality of parallel slide rails 82, and the slide rails 82 are Arranged along the length of the machine base 80, the pallet 90 is disposed on the slide rail 82 to ensure the accuracy of the pallet 90 sliding.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of the beam 20 according to the first embodiment of the present application.
  • the beam 20 is sandwiched between two columns 10, and the two ends of the beam 20 are fixedly connected to the first end 11 of a column 10, the beam 20 is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the machine base 80, and the beam 20 is arranged in a strip shape.
  • the cross member 20 is further provided with a slide plate 30 which is slidable relative to the cross member 20.
  • the slide plate 30 is disposed perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the cross member 20, and the slide plate 30 is reciprocally movable along the length of the cross member 20.
  • the corners on the column 10, the beam 20 and the sliding plate 30 are all arranged in a circular arc curve, which can effectively transmit the load, avoid stress concentration, prevent structural damage, and improve the appearance. .
  • the first driving member 40 is coupled to the slider 30 for driving the slider 30 to slide relative to the beam 20.
  • a first main shaft 60 and a second main shaft 70 for machining the workpiece are disposed on the sliding plate 30.
  • the first driving member 40 drives the sliding plate 30 to slide on the beam 20, thereby adjusting the processing positions of the first main shaft 60 and the second main shaft 70 to meet Processing requirements.
  • the first main shaft 60 and the second main shaft 70 are respectively connected to the second driving member 50 for driving the first main shaft 60 and the second main shaft 70 to operate.
  • the number of the second driving members 50 is two, one second driving member 50 drives the first main shaft 60 to operate, and the other second driving member 50 drives the second main shaft 70 to operate.
  • the first driving member 40 and the second driving member 50 are both motors. It can be understood that in other embodiments, the first driving member 40 and the second driving member 50 can also adopt other types of power components other than the motor.
  • first spindle 60 and the second spindle 70 are provided with cutting tools (not shown), and the first spindle 60 and the second spindle 70 are used to cut the workpiece to be processed. It will be appreciated that in other embodiments, the first spindle 60 and the second spindle 70 can also be equipped with other types of machining tools to achieve grinding, milling or other types of machining processes for the workpiece to be machined.
  • the number of the slides 30 of the machining center 100 is two, including the first slide 31 and the second slide 32.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of the second sliding plate 32 in the first embodiment of the present application.
  • the first sliding plate 31 and the second sliding plate 32 are respectively disposed on the longitudinal direction of the beam 20 .
  • the position of the first slide plate 31 and the second slide plate 32 on the beam 20 is axisymmetric with respect to the beam 20, which ensures the equalization of the force of the beam 20, thereby improving the processing precision and extending the service life.
  • the number of the pallets 90 disposed on the machine base 80 is also two, one pallet 90 corresponds to the workpiece that carries the first slider 31, and the other pallet 90 corresponds to the workpiece that carries the second slider 32.
  • the two carriages 90 are symmetrically arranged with respect to the cross member 20, which ensures that the positions of the pallet 90 to the corresponding first main shaft 60 or the second main shaft 70 are uniform, the consistency of product processing is improved, and the uniformity of the processed products is higher.
  • the carriage 90 is coupled to the third drive member 91 for driving the carriage 90 to move so that the workpiece disposed on the carriage 90 is moved to a suitable processing position.
  • the number of the third driving members 91 is also two, and each of the third driving members 91 drives a carriage 90 to move.
  • the third driving member 91 drives the carriage 90 by the nut screw mechanism 92, and the nut screw mechanism 92 converts the rotation of the third driving member 91 into a linear motion of the carriage 90. It can be understood that in other embodiments, the third driving member 91 can also drive the carriage 90 by other structures than the nut screw mechanism 92.
  • the first main shaft 60 and the second main shaft 70 can reciprocate along the longitudinal direction of the beam 20, and can reciprocate along the direction in which the corresponding first slide 31 or the second slide 32 is disposed, and can realize itself.
  • the rotation makes multi-axis machining more comprehensive.
  • the first main shaft 60 and the second main shaft 70 are axially symmetrical with respect to the beam 20, which can ensure the balance of the force of the beam 20, improve the processing precision, and have higher product quality.
  • the ribs of the beam 20 extend outwardly and form four ribs 21, wherein the two ribs 21 are located on one side of the beam 20 and are embedded and connected to the first sliding plate 31, and the other two convex portions.
  • the rib 21 is located on the other side of the beam and is embedded and connected to the second slide 32.
  • the shape of the rib 21 can be selected in accordance with design requirements to increase the strength of the connection with the first slide 31 or the second slide 32.
  • first main shaft 60 and the second main shaft 70 are connected to the same control system, and the two carriages 90 and the first sliding plate 31 and the second sliding plate 32 are also connected to the control system.
  • the synchronous movement of the main shaft 60 and the second main shaft 70 not only realizes the simultaneous processing of the two workpieces, but also ensures the balance of the force on the beam 20 at all times, improves the processing precision, and ensures the consistency of the processing of the two workpieces.
  • first main shaft 60 and the second main shaft 70 can also be connected to different control systems.
  • first main shaft 60 is connected to a carriage 90 and the first slide 31 to a control system.
  • the second spindle 70 and the other carriage 90 and the second slider 32 are connected to another control system.
  • the first spindle 60 and the second spindle 70 are connected to different control systems, and can realize different processing speeds, different precisions and different shapes.
  • the machining center 100 is more adaptable by the independent setting of the working conditions.
  • the natural frequencies of the first 6 stages are 46.62HZ, 63.17HZ, 65.24HZ, 90.19HZ, 108.83HZ, 170.05HZ, respectively.
  • the machining center 100 provided by the present application is due to two columns. 10 is independently set on both sides of the machine base 80 and directly in contact with the ground.
  • the natural frequencies of the first 6 steps are 82.827HZ, 108.03HZ, 154.3HZ, 160.65HZ, 210.51HZ, and 296.51HZ, respectively.
  • the machining center 100 Compared with the machining center of the original four-beam assembly system, the machining center 100 provided by the present application increases the natural frequency of the first 6 steps, that is, the probability of resonating with the driving member such as the motor is reduced, thereby improving the workpiece processing. Precision.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural view of a machining center 100 a according to a second embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural view of the carriage 90 in the machining center 100 a according to the second embodiment of the present application.
  • the number of the carriages 90 is one
  • the number of the third driving members 91 for driving the movement of the carriages 90 is also one.
  • the third driving member 91 drives the carriage 90 to move, thereby The position of the workpiece disposed on the carriage 90 is adjusted to facilitate machining of the first spindle 60 and the second spindle 70.
  • the pallet 90 is biased to one side of one of the pillars 10, and the two pillars 10 are independently and detachably fixed to the machine base 80, and the pillars 10 are also detachably fixed to the machine base 80. In order to improve the integrity and ease of installation of the machining center 100a.
  • the beam 20 includes a first layer 22 and a second layer 23 which are stacked.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of the pillar 10 in the machining center 100a according to the second embodiment of the present application.
  • 13 is a schematic structural view of a beam 20 in a machining center 100a according to a second embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic structural view of a first layer 22 of a beam 20 in a machining center 100a according to a second embodiment of the present application.
  • the first layer 22 of the beam 20 is integrally formed with the two pillars 10, and the second layer 23 of the beam 20 is detachably connected to the joint of the first layer 22 of the beam 20 and the pillar 10, thereby enhancing the stability of the two pillars 10.
  • the detachment of the slide 30 and the first main shaft 60 and the second main shaft 70 can also be facilitated.
  • first sliding slots 221 are defined on the two sides of the first layer 22 of the beam 20, and a second sliding slot 231 is defined along the length of the second layer 23 of the beam 20
  • the slide of the slide plate 30 is facilitated, and the sliding direction is more accurate, thereby improving the machining accuracy.
  • the slide plate 30 is disposed on the cross member 20 Between the first layer 22 and the second layer 23 and perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the beam 20, the two ends of the sliding plate 30 are provided with brackets 33, both of which extend on both sides of the beam 20, and the upper portion of the sliding plate 30 covers the beam On the second layer 23 of 20, the lower portion of the slider 30 covers the first layer 22 of the beam 20, and the bottom end of the lower portion of the slider 30 is provided with two spaced first sliders 34, and the two first sliders 34 are respectively The two first sliding slots 221 of the beam 20 are engaged.
  • the bottom end of the upper portion of the sliding plate 30 is provided with a second sliding block 35.
  • the second sliding block 35 cooperates with the second sliding slot 231 on the beam 20 to ensure the movement of the sliding plate 30. accuracy.
  • the first driving member 40 is disposed at an intermediate position of the bottom of the sliding plate 30, and the first main shaft 60 and the second main shaft 70 are synchronously moved on the cross member 20 under the fixing action of the two brackets 33, since the first main shaft 60 and the second main shaft 70 can be synchronized. Movement, the vibration interference between the two is relatively low, so the workpiece processed by the first main shaft 60 and the second main shaft 70 has better machining accuracy.
  • a connection structure 61 is further disposed between the first main shaft 60 and the second main shaft 70.
  • the first main shaft 60 and the middle portion of the second main shaft 70 are rigidly connected by the connecting structure 61, thereby ensuring the first main shaft 60 and the first main shaft 60. Synchronization of the movement of the two spindles 70.
  • the number of the second driving members 50 is one, the first main shaft 60 and the second main shaft 70 are both connected to the second driving member 50, and the second driving member 50 is used to drive the first main shaft 60 and the second main shaft.
  • the hoisting movement is performed 70 in the vertical direction, and the movement of the first main shaft 60 and the second main shaft 70 is completely synchronized.

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Abstract

一种加工中心，用以加工工件，包括立柱（10）、横梁（20）、滑板（30）、第一驱动件（40）、第二驱动件（50）、第一主轴（60）以及第二主轴（70），立柱（10）用以支撑横梁（20），滑板（30）设置于横梁（20）上并能够相对横梁（20）滑动，第一主轴（60）与第二主轴（70）均设置于滑板（30）上并分别位于横梁（20）在宽度方向上相对的两侧，第一驱动件（40）用以驱动滑板（30）相对横梁（20）滑动，第二驱动件（50）用以驱动第一主轴（60）及第二主轴（70）运转，第一主轴（60）及第二主轴（70）用以同步或异步加工工件。

Description

加工中心
相关申请
本申请要求2017年06月12日申请的，申请号为201710437219.1，名称为“一种用于汽车轮毂加工的加工中心”、2017年06月12日申请的，申请号为201720674864.0，名称为“一种用于汽车轮毂加工的加工中心”以及2017年07月05日申请的，申请号为201720807191.1，名称为“一种加工中心”中国专利申请的优先权，在此将其全文引入作为参考。
技术领域
本申请涉及一种加工中心。
背景技术
工业化进程的飞速发展对机械零件的生产制造提出了更高的要求。加工中心作为机械零件生产制造的核心设备，决定着机械零件的成形速度与成形质量。以汽车工业中应用广泛的轮毂为例，适用于汽车轮毂的加工中心往往采用四横梁组件体系，图1显示了这种加工中心的大致结构，这种加工中心受制于四横梁组件庞大的体积，在布置空间一定的情况下降低了工件的加工行程，不仅体积巨大，重量较重，而且两个横梁上仅挂载单个加工主轴，加工能力相对薄弱。
发明内容
有鉴于此，有必要提供一种改进的加工中心，该加工中心的体积减少，重量减轻，并且加工能力相对较高。
本申请提供一种加工中心，用以加工工件，所述加工中心包括立柱、横梁、滑板、第一驱动件、第二驱动件、第一主轴以及第二主轴，所述立柱用以支撑所述横梁，所述滑板设置于所述横梁上并能在所述横梁长度方向上做相对滑动，所述第一主轴与第二主轴均设置于所述滑板上并分别位于所述横梁在宽度方向上相对的两侧，所述第一驱动件用以驱动所述滑板相对所述横梁滑动，所述第二驱动件用以驱动所述第一主轴及第二主轴运转，所述第一主轴及第二主轴用以同步或异步加工所述工件。
进一步地，所述滑板的数量为一个，所述第一主轴及第二主轴同时设于所述滑板上，且相对所述滑板对称设置。
进一步地，所述横梁包括层叠设置的第一层与第二层，所述第一层上开设有第一滑槽，所述第二层上开设有第二滑槽，所述滑板通过所述第一滑槽及第二滑槽在所述横梁长度方向做相对滑动。
进一步地，所述第一主轴及第二主轴设置有连接结构，所述连接结构用以固定连接所述第一主轴及第二主轴。
进一步地，所述滑板的数量为两个，两个所述滑板为第一滑板及第二滑板，所述第一主轴固定于所述第一滑板，所述第二主轴固定于所述第二滑板，所述第一滑板与所述第二滑板分别位于所述横梁宽度方向上相对的的两侧。
进一步地，所述横梁的棱向外延伸并形成四个凸棱，其中，两个凸棱位于所述横梁的一侧并嵌设连接于所述第一滑板，另两个凸棱位于所述横梁的另一侧并嵌设连接于第二滑板。
进一步地，所述立柱的一端连接所述横梁，所述立柱靠近横梁的一端的宽度小于远离横梁的一端的宽度。
进一步地，所述立柱的数量为两个，两个立柱相对设置于所述横梁的两端并支撑所述横梁。
进一步地，所述立柱开设有镂空结构。
进一步地，所述加工中心还包括机床底座，所述机床底座与所述立柱连接。
进一步地，所述加工中心还包括拖板，所述拖板用以承载所述工件，所述机床底座上开设有滑轨，使得所述拖板沿所述滑轨相对所述机床底座滑动。
进一步地，所述拖板上设置有第三驱动件，所述第三驱动件与所述拖板之间设置有螺母丝杆机构，所述第三驱动件通过所述螺母丝杆机构带动所述拖板沿所述滑轨滑动。
进一步地，所述拖板及所述第三驱动件的数量均为一个。
进一步地，所述拖板及第三驱动件的数量均为两个，两个所述第三驱动件各自带动一个所述拖板相对所述机床底座滑动。
进一步地，所述立柱、横梁及滑板的转角处均圆弧曲线过渡设置。
本申请提供的加工中心，突破了传统加工中心的四横梁组件体系，采用单横梁结构，体积和重量减少，而且在单个横梁上挂机多个主轴，加工生产的能力提升。
附图说明
图1为背景技术中加工中心的结构示意图。
图2为本申请第一个实施方式中加工中心的结构示意图。
图3为本申请第一个实施方式中立柱的结构示意图。
图4为本申请第一个实施方式加工中心中的机床底座的结构示意图。
图5为本申请第一实施方式中横梁的结构示意图。
图6为本申请第一个实施方式中第一滑板的结构示意图，。
图7为本申请第一个实施方式中第二滑板的结构示意图。
图8为本申请第一个实施方式中第一主轴的结构示意图。
图9为本申请第二个实施方式中第二主轴的结构示意图。
图10为本申请第二个实施方式中加工中心的结构示意图。
图11为本申请第二个实施方式加工中心中拖板的结构示意图。
图12为本申请第二个实施方式加工中心中立柱的结构示意图。
图13为本申请第二个实施方式加工中心中横梁的结构示意图。
图14为本申请第二个实施方式加工中心中横梁第一层的结构示意图。
图15为本申请第二个实施方式中加工中心中的滑板的结构示意图。
图16为本申请第二个实施方式中加工中心中的第一主轴及第二主轴的结构示意图。
100及100a表示加工中心、10表示立柱、11表示第一端、12表示第二端、13表示镂空结构、14表示连接孔、20表示横梁、21表示凸棱、22表示第一层、221表示第一滑槽、23表示第二层、231表示第二滑槽、30表示滑板、31表示第一滑板、32表示第二滑板、40表示第一驱动件、50表示第二驱动件、60表示第一主轴、61表示连接结构、70表示第二主轴、80表示机床底座、81表示凸起、82表示滑轨、90表示托板、91表示第三驱动件、92表示螺母丝杆机构。
具体实施方式
下面将对本申请实施方式中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施方式仅仅是本申请一部分实施方式，而不是全部的实施方式。基于本申请中的实施方式，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其它实施方式，都属于本申请保护的范围。
请参阅图2，图2为本申请第一个实施方式中加工中心100的结构示意图，加工中心100包括立柱10、横梁20、滑板30、第一驱动件40、第二驱动件50、第一主轴60以及第二主轴70，立柱10用以支撑横梁20，滑板30设置于横梁10上并能够相对横梁20滑动，第一主轴60以及第二主轴70均设置于滑板30上并分别位于横梁20在宽度方向上相对的两侧，第一驱动件40用以驱动滑板30相对横梁20滑动，第二驱动件50用以驱动第一主轴60以及第二主轴70运转，第一主轴60以及第二主轴70相互配合并用以同步或异步加工工件。
本实施方式中，需要加工的工件为汽车轮毂，也即加工中心100用以加工汽车轮毂。可以理解，加工中心100并不限于仅能够加工汽车轮毂，在其他的实施方式中，需要加工的工件还可以为除汽车轮毂之外的其他零件，也即加工中心100还能够实现对汽车轮毂之外的其他零件的加工制造。
下面阐释加工中心100各零组件的具体结构：
请一并参阅图3，图3为本申请第一个实施方式中立柱10的结构示意图，立柱10的侧面形状呈“人”字形设置，立柱10包括临近横梁20的第一端11及与第一端11相对的第二 端12，立柱10的第二端12与地面接触，立柱10的第一端11的宽度小于第二端12的宽度，呈“人”字形设置的立柱10能接近于结构受力的等应力分布，结构更满足需求，安全性更高。
立柱10上设置有镂空结构13，镂空结构13用以减少立柱10的重量，在保证立柱10结构强度的基础上降低加工组件100的总体重量，减少运输成本并且方便保运。
本实施方式中，立柱10的数量为两个，两个立柱10相对设置并且分别连接于横梁20的两端。可以理解，在其他的实施方式中，立柱10的数量还可以为一个或两个以上，设置一个立柱10能够降低加工中心100的成本，设置两个以上的立柱10能够进一步提高加工中心100的稳固性。
本实施方式中，加工中心100还设置有机床底座80，请一并参阅图4，图4为本申请第一个实施方式加工中心100中的机床底座80的结构示意图，机床底座80与地面接触并固定连接于两个立柱10，机床底座80呈矩形设置，机床底座80沿其长度方向的两侧且位于机床底座80长度方向的中部均设置有凸起81，机床底座80每侧的凸起81均设置有两个，且每侧的两个凸起81呈平行且间隔设置。设置机床底座80降低了加工中心100的重心，增大了与地面的接触面积，从而提高了加工中心100抗震动性能并增加了稳固性。
此时，立柱10的大端中部均开设有连接孔14，连接孔14用以供机床底座80上设置的凸起81穿过从而实现立柱10与机床底座80之间的嵌合固定，将立柱10与机床底座80相互固定，提高了加工中心100的整体性，整机性能提升。
可以理解，在其他的实施方式中，若不考虑机床底座80对加工中心稳定性与牢固度的提高，机床底座80也可以省略。
本实施方式中，机床底座80背离地面的一侧还设置有用以承载工件的托板90，此时机床底座80靠近托板90的一侧设置有若干条平行的滑轨82，滑轨82均沿机床底座80的长度方向设置，托板90设置于滑轨82上以保证了托板90滑行的准确性。
请一并参阅图5，图5为本申请第一实施方式中横梁20的结构示意图。横梁20夹设于两个立柱10之间，横梁20的两端固定连接于一个立柱10的第一端11，横梁20垂直于机床底座80的长度方向，横梁20呈长条状设置。横梁20上还设置有能够相对横梁20滑动的滑板30，滑板30垂直于横梁20的长度方向设置，滑板30可沿横梁20的长度方向做往返移动。
本实施方式中，立柱10、横梁20以及滑板30上的转角处均呈圆弧曲线过渡设置，既能有效传递载荷，还能避免应力的集中，防止结构的损坏，并且还能提高其美观性。
第一驱动件40连接于滑板30，用以驱动滑板30相对横梁20滑动。滑板30上设置有用以加工工件的第一主轴60及第二主轴70，第一驱动件40带动滑板30在横梁20上滑动，从而调整第一主轴60及第二主轴70的加工位置，以满足加工要求。
第一主轴60及第二主轴70分别连接于第二驱动件50，第二驱动件50用以驱动第一 主轴60及第二主轴70运转。本实施方式中，第二驱动件50的数量为两个，一个第二驱动件50驱动第一主轴60运转，另一个第二驱动件50驱动第二主轴70运转。
本实施方式中，第一驱动件40与第二驱动件50均为电机。可以理解，在其他的实施方式中，第一驱动件40与第二驱动件50还可以采用除电机之外的其他类型的动力元件。
本实施方式中，第一主轴60及第二主轴70上装设有切削刀具(图未示)，第一主轴60及第二主轴70均用以切削待加工工件。可以理解，在其他的实施方式中，第一主轴60以及第二主轴70还能够装配其他类型的加工刀具，以实现对待加工工件的磨削、铣削或者其他的种类的加工工艺。
在本申请的第一个实施方式中，加工中心100的滑板30数量为两个，包括第一滑板31与第二滑板32，请一并参阅图6至图7，图6为本申请第一个实施方式中第一滑板31的结构示意图，图7为本申请第一个实施方式中第二滑板32的结构示意图，第一滑板31与第二滑板32分别设置于横梁20在长度方向上的两侧。第一滑板31与第二滑板32在横梁20上的位置关于横梁20轴对称，可以保证横梁20的受力均衡，从而提高加工高精度和延长使用寿命。
此时，设置于机床底座80上的托板90的数量也为两个，一个拖板90对应承载第一滑板31的加工工件，另一个拖板90对应承载第二滑板32的加工工件。两个拖板90关于横梁20对称设置，保证了托板90到对应的第一主轴60或第二主轴70的位置均一致，提高产品加工的一致性，加工产品统一性更高。
拖板90连接于第三驱动件91，第三驱动件91用以驱动拖板90运动，从而在拖板90上设置的工件移动至适宜的加工位置。本实施方式中，第三驱动件91的数量也为两个，每个第三驱动件91带动一个拖板90运动。
本实施方式中，第三驱动件91通过螺母丝杆机构92驱动拖板90，螺母丝杆机构92将第三驱动件91的转动转变为拖板90的直线运动。可以理解，在其他的实施方式中，第三驱动件91还可以通过除螺母丝杆机构92之外的其他结构实现对拖板90的驱动。
请一并参阅图8及图9，图8为本申请第一个实施方式中第一主轴60的结构示意图，图9为本申请第二个实施方式中第二主轴70的结构示意图，本实施方式中，第一主轴60用以精加工，第一滑板31用以带动第一主轴60运动，第一主轴60沿第一滑板31的设置方向做往返运动；第二主轴70用以粗加工，第二滑板32用以带动第二主轴70运动，第二主轴70沿第二滑板32的设置方向做往返运动。此时，第一主轴60和第二主轴70既能沿横梁20的长度方向座往返运动，又能沿其对应的第一滑板31或第二滑板32的设置方向做往返运动，还能实现自身的旋转，实现多轴加工，加工更全面。
第一主轴60和第二主轴70关于横梁20轴对称，能保证横梁20受力的平衡性，提高加工精度，产品质量更高。
请再参阅图5，横梁20的棱向外延伸并形成四个凸棱21，其中，两个凸棱21位于横梁20的一侧并嵌设连接于所述第一滑板31，另两个凸棱21位于所述横梁的另一侧并嵌设连接于第二滑板32。凸棱21的形状可按照设计要求选择不同形状，以增加与第一滑板31或第二滑板32之间的连接强度。
本实施方式中，第一主轴60与第二主轴70均连接于同一控制系统上，两个拖板90与第一滑板31及第二滑板32也对应连接于该控制系统上，此时第一主轴60与第二主轴70同步运动，不仅实现了同时加工两个工件木比，还可以始终保证横梁20上受力的均衡性，提高加工高精度，保证两工件加工的一致性。
可以理解，在其他的实施方式中，第一主轴60与第二主轴70还可以连接于不同的控制系统，此时第一主轴60与一个拖板90及第一滑板31连接于一个控制系统，第二主轴70与另一个拖板90及第二滑板32连接于另一个控制系统，第一主轴60与第二主轴70连接于不同的控制系统，可以实现对不同加工速度、不同精度以及不同形状等工况的独立设置，加工中心100的适应性更高。
对于采用四横梁组件体系的加工中心而言，其前6阶的固有频率分别为46.62HZ、63.17HZ、65.24HZ、90.19HZ、108.83HZ、170.05HZ，本申请提供的加工中心100由于两个立柱10独立设置于机床底座80的两侧且直接与地面接触，其前6阶的固有频率分别为82.827HZ、108.03HZ、154.3HZ、160.65HZ、210.51HZ、296.51HZ，从两组数据可看出，本申请提供的加工中心100相比于原有的四横梁组件体系的加工中心而言，前6阶固有频率增大了，即与电机等驱动件达到共振的概率降低，从而提高了工件加工的精度。
请再参阅图10及图11，图10为本申请第二个实施方式中加工中心100a的结构示意图，图11为本申请第二个实施方式加工中心100a中拖板90的结构示意图。本申请的第二个实施方式中，拖板90的数量为一个，用以驱动拖板90运动的第三驱动件91的数量也为一个，该第三驱动件91带动拖板90运动，从而调整设置于拖板90上的工件的位置，便于第一主轴60与第二主轴70进行加工。
本实施方式中，托板90偏向其中一个支柱10的一侧，并且两立柱10既可独立设置又能可拆卸的固定于机床底座80上，支柱10还能够可拆卸的固定于机床底座80上，以提高加工中心100a的整体性与安装便捷性。
本实施方式中，横梁20包括层叠设置的第一层22与第二层23，请一并参阅图12至图14，图12为本申请第二个实施方式加工中心100a中立柱10的结构示意图，图13为本申请第二个实施方式加工中心100a中横梁20的结构示意图，图14为本申请第二个实施方式加工中心100a中横梁20第一层22的结构示意图。横梁20的第一层22与两支柱10呈一体式设置，横梁20的第二层23可拆卸的连接于横梁20的第一层22与支柱10的连接处，既能加强两支柱10的稳定性，还能便于滑板30和第一主轴60及第二主轴70的拆装。
横梁20的第一层22的两侧沿其长度方向开设有两平行且间隔设置的第一滑槽221，横梁20的第二层23的中心轴线上沿其长度方向开设有一第二滑槽231，便于滑板30的滑动，且滑动方向更准确，从而提高加工精度。
请一并参阅图15至图16，图15为本申请第二个实施方式中加工中心100a中的滑板30的结构示意图，图16为本申请第二个实施方式中加工中心100a中的第一主轴60及第二主轴70的结构示意图。在本发明的第二个实施方式中，滑板30的数量为一个，第一主轴60及第二主轴70同时设置于滑板30上并且相对所述滑板30对称设置，滑板30设置于横梁20的第一层22与第二层23之间并且垂直于横梁20的长度方向，滑板30的两端均设置有支架33，两支架33均伸出于横梁20的两侧，滑板30的上部覆盖于横梁20的第二层23上，滑板30的下部覆盖于横梁20的第一层22上，滑板30的下部的底端设置有两间隔的第一滑块34，两个第一滑块34分别与横梁20上的两第一滑槽221配合，滑板30的上部的底端设置有第二滑块35，第二滑块35与横梁20上的第二滑槽231配合，以保证滑板30运动的准确性。
第一驱动件40设置于滑板30底部的中间位置，第一主轴60与第二主轴70在两支架33的固定作用下在横梁20上同步运动，由于第一主轴60与第二主轴70可以同步运动，两者之间的振动干扰相对较低，因此第一主轴60与第二主轴70所加工的工件具有较佳的加工精度。
本实施方式中，第一主轴60与第二主轴70之间还设置有连接结构61，第一主轴60与第二主轴70的中部通过连接结构61刚性连接，从而保证了第一主轴60与第二主轴70运动的同步性。
本实施方式中，第二驱动件50的数量为一个，第一主轴60与第二主轴70均连接于该第二驱动件50，第二驱动件50用以驱动第一主轴60与第二主轴70沿垂直方向做升降运动，且第一主轴60与第二主轴70的运动完全同步。
本申请提供的加工中心，突破了传统加工中心的四横梁组件体系，采用单横梁结构，体积和重量减少，而且在单个横梁上挂机多个主轴，加工生产的能力提升。
本领域的技术人员容易理解的是，在不冲突的前提下，上述各优选方案可以自由地组合、叠加。
应当理解，上述的实施方式仅是示例性的，而非限制性的，在不偏离本申请的基本原理的情况下，本领域的技术人员可以针对上述细节做出的各种明显的或等同的修改或替换，都将包含于本申请的权利要求范围内。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种加工中心，用以加工工件，其特征在于，所述加工中心包括立柱(10)、横梁(20)、滑板(30)、第一驱动件(40)、第二驱动件(50)、第一主轴(60)以及第二主轴(70)，所述立柱(10)用以支撑所述横梁(20)，所述滑板(30)设置于所述横梁(20)上并能在所述横梁(20)长度方向上做相对滑动，所述第一主轴(60)与第二主轴(70)均设置于所述滑板(30)上并分别位于所述横梁(20)在宽度方向上相对的两侧，所述第一驱动件(40)用以驱动所述滑板(30)相对所述横梁(20)滑动，所述第二驱动件(50)用以驱动所述第一主轴(60)及第二主轴(70)运转，所述第一主轴(60)及第二主轴(70)用以同步或异步加工所述工件。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的加工中心，其特征在于，所述滑板(30)的数量为一个，所述第一主轴(60)及第二主轴(70)同时设于所述滑板(30)上，且相对所述滑板(30)对称设置。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的加工中心，其特征在于，所述横梁(20)包括层叠设置的第一层(22)与第二层(23)，所述第一层(22)上开设有第一滑槽(221)，所述第二层(23)上开设有第二滑槽(231)，所述滑板(30)通过所述第一滑槽(221)及第二滑槽(231)在所述横梁(20)长度方向做相对滑动。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的加工中心，其特征在于，所述第一主轴(60)及第二主轴(70)设置有连接结构(61)，所述连接结构(61)用以固定连接所述第一主轴(60)及第二主轴(70)。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的加工中心，其特征在于，所述滑板(30)的数量为两个，两个所述滑板(30)为第一滑板(31)及第二滑板(32)，所述第一主轴(60)固定于所述第一滑板(31)，所述第二主轴(70)固定于所述第二滑板(32)，所述第一滑板(31)与所述第二滑板(32)分别位于所述横梁(20)宽度方向上相对的的两侧。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的加工中心，其特征在于，所述横梁(20)的棱向外延伸并形成四个凸棱(21)，其中，两个凸棱(21)位于所述横梁(20)的一侧并嵌设连接于所述第一滑板(30)，另两个凸棱(21)位于所述横梁(20)的另一侧并嵌设连接于第二滑板(30)。
  7. 如权利要求1所述的加工中心，其特征在于，所述立柱(10)的一端连接所述横梁(20)，所述立柱(10)靠近横梁(20)的一端的宽度小于远离横梁(20)的一端的宽度。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的加工中心，其特征在于，所述立柱(10)的数量为两个，两个立柱(10)相对设置于所述横梁(20)的两端并支撑所述横梁(20)。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的加工中心，其特征在于，所述立柱(10)开设有镂空结构(13)。
  10. 如权利要求1所述的加工中心，其特征在于，所述加工中心还包括机床底座(80)，所述机床底座(80)与所述立柱(10)连接。
  11. 如权利要求10所述的加工中心，其特征在于，所述加工中心还包括拖板(90)，所述拖板(90)用以承载所述工件，所述机床底座(80)上开设有滑轨(82)，使得所述拖板(90)沿所述滑轨(82)相对所述机床底座(80)滑动。
  12. 如权利要求11所述的加工中心，其特征在于，所述拖板(90)上设置有第三驱动件(91)，所述第三驱动件(91)与所述拖板(90)之间设置有螺母丝杆机构(92)，所述第三驱动件(91)通过所述螺母丝杆机构(92)带动所述拖板(90)沿所述滑轨(82)滑动。
  13. 如权利要求12所述的加工中心，其特征在于，所述拖板(90)及所述第三驱动件(91)的数量均为一个。
  14. 如权利要求11所述的加工中心，其特征在于，所述拖板(90)及第三驱动件(91)的数量均为两个，两个所述第三驱动件(91)各自带动一个所述拖板(90)相对所述机床底座(80)滑动。
  15. 如权利要求1所述的加工中心，其特征在于，所述立柱(10)、横梁(20)及滑板(30)的转角处均圆弧曲线过渡设置。
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