WO2018218884A1 - 液晶面板及其制造方法、液晶显示器 - Google Patents

液晶面板及其制造方法、液晶显示器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018218884A1
WO2018218884A1 PCT/CN2017/111528 CN2017111528W WO2018218884A1 WO 2018218884 A1 WO2018218884 A1 WO 2018218884A1 CN 2017111528 W CN2017111528 W CN 2017111528W WO 2018218884 A1 WO2018218884 A1 WO 2018218884A1
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Prior art keywords
liquid crystal
substrate
crystal panel
manufacturing
panel according
Prior art date
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PCT/CN2017/111528
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
邵喜斌
王菲菲
占红明
宋平
刘德强
Original Assignee
京东方科技集团股份有限公司
北京京东方显示技术有限公司
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Application filed by 京东方科技集团股份有限公司, 北京京东方显示技术有限公司 filed Critical 京东方科技集团股份有限公司
Priority to EP17898347.4A priority Critical patent/EP3633444A4/en
Priority to US16/063,898 priority patent/US11326101B2/en
Publication of WO2018218884A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018218884A1/zh

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1339—Gaskets; Spacers; Sealing of cells
    • G02F1/13394—Gaskets; Spacers; Sealing of cells spacers regularly patterned on the cell subtrate, e.g. walls, pillars
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1339—Gaskets; Spacers; Sealing of cells
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
    • C09K19/04—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
    • C09K19/04—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit
    • C09K2019/0444—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit characterized by a linking chain between rings or ring systems, a bridging chain between extensive mesogenic moieties or an end chain group
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K2323/00—Functional layers of liquid crystal optical display excluding electroactive liquid crystal layer characterised by chemical composition
    • C09K2323/05—Bonding or intermediate layer characterised by chemical composition, e.g. sealant or spacer
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133509—Filters, e.g. light shielding masks
    • G02F1/133512—Light shielding layers, e.g. black matrix
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1337—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1339—Gaskets; Spacers; Sealing of cells
    • G02F1/13396—Spacers having different sizes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1339—Gaskets; Spacers; Sealing of cells
    • G02F1/13398—Spacer materials; Spacer properties

Definitions

  • Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a liquid crystal panel, a method of fabricating the same, and a liquid crystal display.
  • the liquid crystal panel includes a first substrate and a second substrate which are disposed in parallel, and the two substrates are bonded to each other by a sealant to form a liquid crystal cell, and a liquid crystal material is accommodated between the two substrates and the liquid crystal cell.
  • Photo Spacer is a structure for maintaining the uniformity of the thickness of the cell in the liquid crystal cell, and includes, for example, a column spacer. Typically, one end of the spacer is formed on one substrate and the other end is abutted on the other substrate.
  • At least one embodiment of the present disclosure provides a method of fabricating a liquid crystal panel, the method comprising: providing a first substrate, a second substrate, and a liquid crystal layer housed in the first substrate and the second substrate, the liquid crystal layer including liquid crystal a material and a photopolymerizable monomer; the liquid crystal layer is exposed such that the photopolymerizable monomer polymerizes at the exposed position to form a column spacer.
  • the liquid crystal layer is exposed after the first substrate and the second substrate are paired to form the column spacer.
  • a method of manufacturing a liquid crystal panel according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure further comprising: after the exposing to form the columnar spacer, corresponding to a surface of the first substrate remote from the second substrate The position of the columnar spacers forms a black matrix.
  • the first substrate includes a plurality of sub-pixel units, and an orthographic projection and adjacent position of the position of the column spacer formed on the first substrate The spacing of the sub-pixel units overlaps the orthographic projections on the first substrate.
  • the exposure is used by using The mask is irradiated with light to the liquid crystal material, thereby forming the column spacer at a position corresponding to the opening of the mask.
  • the mask plate allows different exposure amounts at different positions, thereby forming a main spacer and an auxiliary spacer having different heights.
  • a plurality of masks are used to form a main spacer and/or an auxiliary spacer, respectively; or a mask having at least a first opening and a second opening is used. Wherein the first opening is larger than the second opening or the first opening and the second opening have different light transmittances, thereby forming a main spacer and/or an auxiliary spacer, respectively.
  • the photopolymerizable monomer is
  • ultraviolet light is irradiated for the exposure.
  • the liquid crystal layer further includes an ultraviolet photoinitiator.
  • the ultraviolet photoinitiator is
  • the liquid crystal layer further includes an ultraviolet light absorber.
  • the ultraviolet light absorber is
  • a method for manufacturing a liquid crystal panel according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure further comprising: applying a sealant on an edge of the first substrate or the second substrate, and pairing the first substrate and the second substrate To form the liquid crystal cell, and inject the liquid crystal layer into the liquid crystal cell to cure the sealant.
  • curing the frame sealant and forming the columnar spacer are performed in the same exposure process.
  • the method for fabricating a liquid crystal panel according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure further includes forming an alignment layer on the first substrate and/or the second substrate before the pair of boxes.
  • At least one embodiment of the present disclosure provides a liquid crystal panel including: a first substrate and a second substrate facing each other; a liquid crystal layer disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate, wherein the liquid crystal A columnar spacer of a polymer formed by polymerization of a photopolymerizable monomer is disposed in the layer.
  • the column spacer includes a main spacer and an auxiliary spacer having different heights.
  • a black matrix is disposed on a surface of the first substrate remote from the second substrate, and the column spacer is disposed at a position corresponding to the black matrix.
  • At least one embodiment of the present disclosure provides a liquid crystal display comprising the liquid crystal panel of any of the above.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a liquid crystal panel according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a method for manufacturing a liquid crystal panel according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a first substrate of a liquid crystal panel according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a method for manufacturing a liquid crystal panel according to still another embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a liquid crystal panel exposed through a mask to obtain a column spacer according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a liquid crystal panel according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a liquid crystal panel according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 8 is a flowchart of a method for manufacturing a liquid crystal panel according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a first substrate of a liquid crystal panel according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 10 is a flowchart of a method for manufacturing a liquid crystal panel according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a liquid crystal panel exposed through a mask to obtain a column spacer according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a liquid crystal panel according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the column spacer is usually prepared after the completion of the protective layer process step, and then the preparation process of the alignment film is performed. Preparation of columnar spacers In the process of the mat, a multi-step process such as coating, exposure, development, and forming of the photoresist is often performed, and the overall process is complicated.
  • At least one embodiment of the present disclosure provides a method of fabricating a liquid crystal panel, the method comprising: providing a first substrate, a second substrate, and a liquid crystal layer housed in the first substrate and the second substrate, the liquid crystal layer including liquid crystal a material and a photopolymerizable monomer; the liquid crystal layer is exposed such that the photopolymerizable monomer polymerizes at the exposed position to form a column spacer.
  • At least one embodiment of the present disclosure provides a liquid crystal panel including: a first substrate and a second substrate facing each other; a liquid crystal layer disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate, wherein the liquid crystal A columnar spacer of a polymer formed by polymerization of a photopolymerizable monomer is disposed in the layer.
  • the liquid crystal panel includes: a first substrate 101 and a second substrate 102 facing each other; and disposed between the first substrate 101 and the second substrate 102.
  • a liquid crystal layer 103 is provided with a columnar spacer 104 of a polymer formed by polymerization of a photopolymerizable monomer.
  • the photopolymerizable monomer molecules are incorporated into the original liquid crystal material, for example, by activation of light by photoinitiation to form a radical.
  • the column spacers 104 have a plurality of, and the size of each of the column spacers 104 is substantially the same.
  • the first substrate 101 and the second substrate 102 may be in various forms according to the structure of the liquid crystal panel.
  • the liquid crystal panel is used for liquid crystal display, and thus the first substrate 101 and the second substrate 102 may be an opposite substrate and an array substrate, respectively; the opposite substrate may be, for example, a color film substrate; or, when the array When the substrate is a COA (Color on Array) type array substrate, a black matrix may be formed without forming a color filter or the like on the counter substrate.
  • COA Color on Array
  • a liquid crystal panel is used to form a liquid crystal grating, and thus the first substrate 101 and the second substrate 102 may be the same or different from each other, for example, one of the first substrate 101 and the second substrate 102 is formed to include a plurality of The first electrode layer of the parallel strip electrodes is formed with a surface electrode or the like.
  • Embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited to the specific types of the first substrate 101 and the second substrate 102.
  • the first substrate 101 and the second substrate 102 will be described as an example of a color filter substrate and an array substrate, respectively.
  • the array substrate includes structures such as gate lines, data lines, and sub-pixels, and is not described in detail herein; the color filter substrate includes, for example, a color filter and the like, and will not be described in detail herein.
  • the embodiment further provides a method for manufacturing a liquid crystal panel as shown in FIG. 1 , the method comprising: providing a first substrate 101 , a second substrate 102 , and being housed on the first substrate 101 and the second substrate 102 .
  • the liquid crystal layer 103 includes a liquid crystal material and a photopolymerizable monomer, and the liquid crystal layer 103 is exposed to cause the photopolymerizable monomer to polymerize at the exposed position to form the column spacer 104.
  • the manufacturing method can be as follows:
  • the first substrate 101 may be a color filter substrate carrying a color filter. As shown in FIG. 3, the first substrate 101 includes a plurality of pixel units, and each pixel unit includes a plurality of sub-pixel units. .
  • a color filter layer 1002 is formed on the base substrate 1001 of the first substrate 101, and a color filter is disposed at a position corresponding to each of the sub-pixel units in the color filter layer 1002.
  • the base substrate 1001 may be a glass substrate, a plastic substrate, or the like.
  • each pixel unit in the embodiment may include three types of sub-pixel units 10021, 10022, and 10023, and red, green, and blue colors may be respectively set in the above three sub-pixel units.
  • the color filter forms a red-light sub-pixel unit 10021 that emits red light, a green-light sub-pixel unit 10022 that emits green light, and a blue sub-pixel unit 10023 that emits blue light.
  • a red-light sub-pixel unit 10021 that emits red light
  • a green-light sub-pixel unit 10022 that emits green light
  • a blue sub-pixel unit 10023 that emits blue light.
  • there are a plurality of per-pixel pixel units three are shown per seed pixel unit in the figure), and thus, through the color filters described above, different sub-pixel units can emit light of different colors.
  • a protective layer 1003 is formed on the color filter layer 1002 for protecting the color filter layer 1002 and planarizing the surface of the substrate, and the protective layer 103 may be an inorganic insulating layer or an organic insulating layer.
  • an alignment film 1004 is formed on the protective layer 1003 for forming an ordered trench on the surface of the first substrate 101 for allowing liquid crystal molecules in contact with the alignment film 1004 to be sequentially arranged in a predetermined direction in an initial state.
  • the alignment film 1004 can be prepared, for example, by using polyimide (PI), and the polyimide is coated on the protective layer 1003 and cured, and then the surface of the cured polyimide film is pressed in a certain direction by a rubbing roller. The polyimide film is rubbed so that liquid crystal molecules in contact therewith can be aligned in the rubbing direction.
  • PI polyimide
  • the preparation method of the color filter substrate carrying the color filter described above is merely an exemplary expression, and the specific preparation method can be adjusted according to production requirements, and the specific structure of the color filter substrate carrying the color filter and The specific preparation process is not limited herein.
  • the second substrate 102 may be an array substrate carrying a thin film transistor (TFT) as a switching element, and the thin film transistor may be in a conventional form for controlling the on and off of the driving signal.
  • TFT thin film transistor
  • the specific structure of the thin film transistor is not limited herein.
  • an alignment film or the like may be formed on the inner surface of the second substrate 102, and a polarizing plate or the like may be attached to the outer surface.
  • first substrate 101 and the second substrate 102 are merely exemplified by the types of the first substrate 101 and the second substrate 102.
  • the first substrate 101 and the second substrate 102 may also be He can arbitrarily carry out the substrate and can accommodate the liquid crystal substrate, and the specific kind thereof is not limited herein.
  • S102 Form the first substrate 101 and the second substrate 102 into a liquid crystal cell.
  • a sealant is applied to the edge of the surface of the first substrate 101 or the second substrate 102, and the liquid crystal material and the photopolymerizable single sheet are dripped on the substrate coated with the sealant in the area enclosed by the sealant.
  • the composition of the body (drip method), and then the first substrate 101 and the second substrate 102 are opposed to each other and bonded to each other by the above-mentioned frame sealant to form a liquid crystal cell, for example, by ultraviolet light irradiation or heating or the like
  • the sealant is sealed to form a liquid crystal cell (ie, a process for the cartridge).
  • a sealant may be applied on the second substrate 102 and a liquid crystal material mixed with the photopolymerizable monomer may be dropped to form the liquid crystal layer 103.
  • the photopolymerizable monomer may be a visible light polymerizable monomer, an ultraviolet light polymerizable monomer, or the like, and accordingly, the light used in the subsequent exposure process may be visible light, ultraviolet light, or the like, and the type of the photopolymerizable monomer.
  • the photopolymerizable monomer may be one or more of the following materials:
  • an ultraviolet light initiator may be added to the liquid crystal layer 103, that is, energy of a certain wavelength can be absorbed in the ultraviolet light region to generate radicals, cations, etc., thereby enabling photopolymerization.
  • energy of a certain wavelength can be absorbed in the ultraviolet light region to generate radicals, cations, etc., thereby enabling photopolymerization.
  • monomer polymerization for example, the following materials can be added:
  • an ultraviolet light absorber that is, a substance capable of absorbing the ultraviolet portion of the light, which does not change itself, may be added to the liquid crystal layer 103, for example, the following materials may be added:
  • a photopolymerizable monomer/ultraviolet photoinitiator/ultraviolet light absorber composition may be added to the liquid crystal layer 103 at one time, for example, photopolymerizable.
  • the ratio of the monomer, the ultraviolet light initiator, and the ultraviolet light absorber may be 94%-99.85%: 0.05%-1%: 0.1%-5%.
  • the photopolymerizable monomer/ultraviolet photoinitiator/ultraviolet absorber composition may be added in the liquid crystal layer 103 at a ratio of 95%:1%:4% at a time to make the latter The exposure process is performed more efficiently.
  • the ultraviolet light initiator and the ultraviolet light absorber may be selectively added.
  • the reaction rate of the ultraviolet light polymerizable monomer added in the embodiment can meet the production demand, the ultraviolet light may not be added.
  • Initiator and ultraviolet light absorber or selectively add one or more of ultraviolet light initiator and ultraviolet light absorber, and can reasonably select ultraviolet light initiator and ultraviolet light absorber according to specific production requirements The amount added.
  • composition of the liquid crystal material and the photopolymerizable monomer in the liquid crystal layer 103 may also be injected into the first substrate 101 and the second substrate 102 after the first substrate 101 and the second substrate 102 are paired with the cartridge, for example, for example.
  • the material in the liquid crystal layer 103 may be injected into the first substrate 101 and the second substrate 102 by vacuum injection or the like.
  • the specific formation manner of the liquid crystal layer 103 is not limited herein.
  • the liquid crystal layer 103 in the liquid crystal cell is exposed to light by the mask 106, and the light is incident on the height or the whole height of the inner portion of the liquid crystal cell at the exposed position, so that the light polymerizable sheet in the liquid crystal layer 103 is
  • the body is polymerized at the exposed position, i.e., at a position corresponding to the opening 1061 of the mask 106 to form a column spacer 104.
  • the position and size of the columnar spacer 104 can be controlled, for example, by controlling the position, size, or light intensity of the exposure 106 or the like of the opening 1061 of the mask 106.
  • the position of the opening 1061 of the mask 106 may be disposed at a position of the interval between the adjacent sub-pixel units 10021, 10022, and 10023, and thus the column spacer 104 is formed to correspond to the adjacent sub-pixel unit.
  • the position of the interval of 10021, 10022 or 10023 for example, the orthographic projection of the columnar spacer 104 on the first substrate 101 and the orthographic projection of the interval between the adjacent sub-pixel units 10021, 10022 and 10023 on the first substrate 101 overlapping.
  • the mask sheets 106 used in the present embodiment have equally spaced openings 1061, and the openings 1061 are the same size, and therefore, pass through the mask sheet 106.
  • the columnar spacers 104 obtained by performing exposure processing on the liquid crystal layer 103 in the liquid crystal cell are equally spaced and have substantially the same size. Finally, a liquid crystal panel as shown in FIG. 1 is obtained.
  • the method for manufacturing the liquid crystal panel may further include:
  • a black matrix 105 is formed on a surface of the first substrate 101 away from the second substrate 102 corresponding to the column spacer 104, and thus the black matrix 105 is also formed in correspondence with the phase
  • the position of the interval of the adjacent sub-pixel units 10021, 10022, and 10023, for example, the orthographic projection of the black matrix 105 on the first substrate 101 and the orthographic projection of the interval between the adjacent sub-pixel units 10021, 10022, and 10023 on the first substrate 101 Overlap, thereby preventing crosstalk between different sub-pixels, as shown in FIG.
  • the black matrix 105 may be made of a material such as metal chromium or chromium oxide, or a propylene resin doped with a black pigment (for example, carbon).
  • a black pigment for example, carbon
  • the specific form of the black matrix 105 is not limited herein.
  • a protective layer or a planarization layer may be further formed on the outer surface, after which a polarizing plate (not shown) may be attached. And other components.
  • the liquid crystal panel includes: a first substrate 201 and a second substrate 202 facing each other; disposed between the first substrate 201 and the second substrate 202
  • the liquid crystal layer 203 is provided with a main spacer 2042 and a secondary spacer 2041 of a polymer formed by polymerization of a photopolymerizable monomer.
  • the column spacer formed by polymerization of the photopolymerizable monomer has two sizes of different sizes, so that the main spacer 2042 having a higher height can be used for the liquid crystal substrate in the case where the liquid crystal substrate is in a normal shape.
  • the supporting effect, and the lower height auxiliary spacer 2041 can support the liquid crystal substrate when the liquid crystal substrate receives an external force.
  • liquid crystal panel and the specific types of the first substrate 101 and the second substrate 102 in the present embodiment are not limited.
  • the embodiment further provides a method for manufacturing a liquid crystal panel as shown in FIG. 7, which is a flowchart shown in FIG. 8.
  • the method includes:
  • the first substrate 201 may be a color filter substrate carrying a color filter. As shown in FIG. 9, the first substrate 201 includes a plurality of pixel units, each of which includes a plurality of sub-pixel units. For example, first, a color filter layer 2002 is formed on the base substrate 2001 of the first substrate 201, and a color filter is disposed at a position corresponding to each of the sub-pixel units in the color filter layer 2002.
  • the base substrate 1001 may be a glass substrate, a plastic substrate, or the like.
  • each pixel unit in this embodiment may include four seed pixel units 20021, 20022, 20023, and 20024. In the color filter layer 2002, three sub-pixel units are respectively set with red, green, and blue color filters.
  • a sheet thus forming a red-lighting red-light sub-pixel unit 20021, a green-emitting green-light sub-pixel unit 20022, a blue-emitting blue sub-pixel unit 20023, and another seed pixel unit without providing a color filter, thus forming a white light White photo sub-pixel unit 20024.
  • a protective layer 2003 is formed on the color filter layer 2002 for protecting the color filter layer 2002 and achieving planarization of the substrate surface.
  • the alignment film 2004 is formed on the protective layer 2003 so that the liquid crystal molecules in contact therewith can be sequentially arranged in a prescribed direction.
  • the alignment film 2004 can be formed by using a non-friction liquid crystal alignment technique, such as a particle beam orientation technique, using an ion beam to bombard the alignment film material at a certain angle, and causing structural anisotropy on the surface of the material by selectively breaking the bond.
  • a photo-alignment technique can be employed to induce optical anisotropy on a polymer-polymer alignment film having a sensitizer by linearly polarized ultraviolet light, so that the polymer has an alignment ability.
  • the manner in which the alignment film 2004 is formed is various, and the embodiment of the present disclosure does not limit this.
  • the second substrate 202 may be an array substrate carrying a thin film transistor (TFT) as a switching element, and the TFT may be in a conventional form for controlling the on and off of the driving signal.
  • TFT thin film transistor
  • the specific structure of the thin film transistor is not limited herein.
  • an alignment film or the like may be formed on the inner surface of the second substrate 202, and a polarizing plate or the like may be attached to the outer surface.
  • S202 The first substrate 201 and the second substrate 202 are paired.
  • a sealant is applied to the edge of the surface of the first substrate 201 or the second substrate 202, and the first substrate 201 and the second substrate 202 are paired.
  • the same can be added by the drip method.
  • the material forming the liquid crystal layer 103, or the material forming the liquid crystal layer 103, is injected into the first substrate 201 and the second substrate 202 by vacuum injection after the first substrate 201 and the second substrate 202 are paired with the package.
  • S203 Exposure treatment to form a liquid crystal cell and a column spacer.
  • the exposure process is, for example, irradiation using ultraviolet light
  • the curing of the sealant and the formation of the column spacer can be performed, for example, in the same exposure process, that is, in one ultraviolet light.
  • the liquid crystal cell and the column spacer are simultaneously formed. Since the sealant has been applied to the edge of the surface of the first substrate 201 or the second substrate 202 in the previous step, and the cartridge is completed, in this step, after the mask is placed in a suitable position, the mask can be passed.
  • the ultraviolet light irradiation simultaneously forms a liquid crystal cell and a column spacer.
  • the sealant is a UV curable adhesive.
  • the liquid crystal layer 203 in the liquid crystal cell is exposed by the mask 206, and the light is incident on the height or the whole height of the inner portion of the liquid crystal cell at the exposed position, so that the light in the liquid crystal layer 203 is made.
  • the polymerizable monomer is polymerized at a position where it is exposed, that is, at a position corresponding to the opening of the mask 206 to form a columnar spacer.
  • the position of the opening of the mask 206 is set at a position of the interval between the adjacent sub-pixel units 20021, 20022, 20023, and 20024, and thus the column spacer is formed corresponding to the adjacent sub-pixel unit 20021.
  • the orthographic projection on the first substrate 201 after formation of the column spacer overlaps with the orthographic projection of the spacing of adjacent sub-pixel units 20021, 20022, 20023, and 20024 on the first substrate 201.
  • the column spacers 104 have different sizes, and thus the mask sheet 206 used in this embodiment allows different exposure amounts at different positions, thereby forming columnar spacers having different heights. Things.
  • a plurality of masks are used to form the main spacers and the auxiliary spacers, respectively; or a mask having different openings, wherein the sizes of the respective openings are different or the transmittances of the respective openings are different, thereby forming the main respectively Spacer and auxiliary spacer.
  • the liquid crystal panel has two different sizes of column spacers, that is, the main spacer 2042 and the auxiliary spacer 2041, so that two masks can be used to form the mains of different sizes.
  • the main spacers 2042 are formed in the liquid crystal layer 203, and the weak light is irradiated into the liquid crystal layer 203 through the opening of the mask to form the auxiliary spacers 2041. Or as shown in FIG.
  • a mask 206 having a first opening 2061 and a second opening 2062 wherein the first opening 2061 is used Larger than the second opening 2062, such that the first opening 2061 is used to form the main spacer 2042, the second opening 2062 is used to form the auxiliary spacer 2041, or the mask 206 having the first opening 2061 and the second opening 2062,
  • the first opening 2061 has a greater transmittance than the second opening 2062 such that the first opening 2061 is used to form the primary spacer 2042 and the second opening 2062 is used to form the secondary spacer 2041.
  • the size of the column spacers may also be more than two, and the manner of forming the same may also be adopted in the above method, and details are not described herein again.
  • the photopolymerizable monomer can be, for example, the following materials:
  • an ultraviolet photoinitiator and an ultraviolet light absorber are used.
  • a photopolymerizable monomer/ultraviolet photoinitiator/ultraviolet light absorber composition may be added to the liquid crystal layer 203 at one time, for example, photopolymerizable.
  • the ratio of the monomer, the ultraviolet light initiator, and the ultraviolet light absorber may be 94%-99.85%: 0.05%-1%: 0.1%-5%.
  • a photopolymerizable monomer/ultraviolet photoinitiator/ultraviolet light absorber composition may be added in the liquid crystal layer 203 at a ratio of 97%:0.5%:2.5% at one time to make the latter The exposure process is performed more efficiently.
  • the manufacturing method of the liquid crystal panel further includes:
  • black is formed on the surface of the first substrate 201 remote from the second substrate 202 corresponding to the positions of the main spacer 2042 and the auxiliary spacer 2041.
  • the matrix 205, and thus the black matrix 205 is also formed at a position corresponding to the interval of the adjacent sub-pixel units 20021, 20022, 20023, and 20024, for example, the orthographic projection of the black matrix 205 on the first substrate 201 and the adjacent sub-pixel unit 20021
  • the orthographic projections of the intervals of 20022, 20023, and 20024 overlap on the first substrate 201, as shown in FIG.
  • the black matrix 205 may be made of a material such as a propylene resin doped with a black pigment carbon.
  • the specific form of the black matrix 105 is not limited herein.
  • a protective layer or a planarization layer may be further formed on the outer surface, after which a polarizing plate (not shown) may be attached. And other components.
  • the embodiment further provides a liquid crystal display comprising the liquid crystal panel of any of the above.
  • the liquid crystal panel may be an In-Plane Switch (IPS) plane.
  • the board may be an Advanced-Super Dimensional Switching (ADS) type panel or the like, and the specific form may be any, and is not limited herein.
  • the liquid crystal display also has an auxiliary circuit component such as a gate drive and a source driver, which will not be described herein.
  • the column spacer of the liquid crystal panel supporting the liquid crystal cell can be formed by polymerizing the photopolymerizable monomer in the liquid crystal layer after the liquid crystal cell is formed, thereby avoiding the columnar spacer in the conventional preparation process.
  • the rubbing mura (defectively formed by the alignment film rubbing alignment process on the panel due to the difference in height between the object and the surrounding area) can improve the display quality of the liquid crystal display.
  • a liquid crystal panel, a method of manufacturing the same, and a liquid crystal display provided by at least one embodiment of the present disclosure have at least one of the following beneficial effects:
  • a method of manufacturing a liquid crystal panel according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure by photoilishing a photopolymerizable monomer in a liquid crystal layer to directly form a columnar spacer for supporting a thickness of the liquid crystal cell.
  • a method for manufacturing a liquid crystal panel according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure saves exposure, development, molding, etc. of forming a column spacer in a conventional liquid crystal panel manufacturing process, compared with a conventional liquid crystal panel manufacturing process. Multi-step process steps simplify the preparation process and increase production efficiency.
  • a method for manufacturing a liquid crystal panel according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure is to illuminate a liquid crystal panel to form a column spacer, thereby avoiding a difference in height between the column spacer and the surrounding portion thereof in the conventional preparation process. The resulting rubbing mura and other defects, thereby improving the display quality.
  • the columnar spacer in the liquid crystal panel provided by at least one embodiment of the present disclosure is formed by polymerization using a photopolymerizable monomer, and the raw material photopolymerizable monomer has a wide source and low cost, and thus the production cost can be reduced.

Abstract

一种液晶面板及其制造方法、液晶显示器。液晶面板的制造方法包括：提供第一基板(101)、第二基板(102)以及容纳在所述第一基板(101)和第二基板(102)中的液晶层(103)，液晶层(103)包括液晶材料以及光可聚合单体；对液晶层(103)进行曝光以使得所述光可聚合单体在被曝光的位置聚合形成柱状隔垫物(104)。该制造方法通过光照使液晶层(103)中的光可聚合单体聚合直接形成柱状隔垫物(104)，避免了制备隔垫物(104)时的曝光、显影、成型等多个工艺步骤。

Description

液晶面板及其制造方法、液晶显示器 技术领域
本公开的实施例涉及一种液晶面板及其制造方法、液晶显示器。
背景技术
液晶面板包括平行设置的第一基板和第二基板，该两个基板通过封框胶彼此结合以形成液晶盒，在该两个基板之间与液晶盒内容纳有液晶材料。隔垫物(Photo Spacer,PS)是在液晶盒中用于保持盒厚均一性的结构，例如包括柱状隔垫物。通常隔垫物的一端形成在一个基板上而另一端抵靠在另一个基板上。
在传统的液晶面板的制备流程中，通常在保护层(Overcoat)工艺步骤完成后进行柱状隔垫物的制备，此后再进行配向膜(例如PI)的制备工艺步骤。在制备柱状隔垫物的过程中，往往需要进行光刻胶的涂覆、曝光、显影、成形等多步工艺，其工艺整体上较为复杂。此外，在液晶盒形成时，例如载有彩色滤光片的彩膜基板和载有薄膜晶体管的阵列基板的对盒也是在柱状隔垫物的制备完成后进行的。
发明内容
本公开至少一实施例提供一种液晶面板的制造方法，该方法包括：提供第一基板、第二基板以及容纳在所述第一基板和第二基板中的液晶层，所述液晶层包括液晶材料以及光可聚合单体；对所述液晶层进行曝光以使得所述光可聚合单体在被曝光的位置聚合形成柱状隔垫物。
本公开至少一实施例提供的液晶面板的制造方法中，在所述第一基板和所述第二基板对盒后对所述液晶层进行所述曝光以形成所述柱状隔垫物。
本公开至少一实施例提供的液晶面板的制造方法，还包括：在所述曝光以形成所述柱状隔垫物之后，在所述第一基板的远离所述第二基板的表面上对应于所述柱状隔垫物的位置形成黑矩阵。
本公开至少一实施例提供的液晶面板的制造方法中，所述第一基板包括多个子像素单元，所述柱状隔垫物所要形成的位置在所述第一基板上的正投影与相邻所述子像素单元的间隔在所述第一基板上的正投影重叠。
本公开至少一实施例提供的液晶面板的制造方法中，所述曝光通过使用 掩膜板以将光照射到所述液晶材料，由此在对应于所述掩膜板的开口的位置形成所述柱状隔垫物。
本公开至少一实施例提供的液晶面板的制造方法中，所述掩膜板在不同的位置允许不同的曝光量，由此形成具有不同高度的主隔垫物和辅助隔垫物。
本公开至少一实施例提供的液晶面板的制造方法中，使用多个掩模板分别用于形成主隔垫物和/或辅助隔垫物；或者使用至少具有第一开口和第二开口的掩模板，其中，所述第一开口大于所述第二开口或者第一开口和第二开口的透光率不同，从而分别形成主隔垫物和/或辅助隔垫物。
本公开至少一实施例提供的液晶面板的制造方法中，所述光可聚合单体为
Figure PCTCN2017111528-appb-000001
中的一种或几种。
本公开至少一实施例提供的液晶面板的制造方法中，采用紫外光进行辐照以所述曝光。
本公开至少一实施例提供的液晶面板的制造方法中，所述液晶层还包括紫外光引发剂。
本公开至少一实施例提供的液晶面板的制造方法中，所述紫外光引发剂 为
Figure PCTCN2017111528-appb-000002
本公开至少一实施例提供的液晶面板的制造方法中，所述液晶层还包括紫外光吸收剂。
本公开至少一实施例提供的液晶面板的制造方法中，所述紫外光吸收剂为
Figure PCTCN2017111528-appb-000003
本公开至少一实施例提供的液晶面板的制造方法，还包括：在所述第一基板或所述第二基板边缘涂覆封框胶，将所述第一基板和所述第二基板对盒以形成所述液晶盒，并且在所述液晶盒中注入所述液晶层，固化所述封框胶。
本公开至少一实施例提供的液晶面板的制造方法中，固化所述封框胶和形成所述柱状隔垫物在同一个曝光工序中进行。
本公开至少一实施例提供的液晶面板的制造方法，还包括：在所述对盒之前，在所述第一基板和/或所述第二基板上形成配向层。
本公开至少一实施例提供一种液晶面板，包括：彼此对盒的第一基板和第二基板；设置在所述第一基板和所述第二基板之间的液晶层，其中，所述液晶层中设置有由光可聚合单体聚合形成的聚合物的柱状隔垫物。
本公开至少一实施例提供的液晶面板中，所述柱状隔垫物包括高度不同的主隔垫物和辅助隔垫物。
本公开至少一实施例提供的液晶面板中，所述第一基板的远离所述第二基板的表面上设有黑矩阵，所述柱状隔垫物设置在与所述黑矩阵相对应的位置。
本公开至少一实施例提供一种液晶显示器，包括上述任一所述的液晶面板。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本公开实施例的技术方案，下面将对实施例的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅涉及本公开的一些实施例，而非对本公开的限制。
图1为本公开一实施例提供的一种液晶面板的示意图；
图2为本公开一实施例提供的一种液晶面板的制造方法的流程图；
图3为本公开一实施例提供的一种液晶面板的第一基板的示意图；
图4为本公开再一实施例提供的一种液晶面板的制造方法的流程图；
图5为本公开一实施例提供的一种液晶面板通过掩膜板进行曝光以得到柱状隔垫物的示意图；
图6为本公开一实施例提供的一种液晶面板的示意图；
图7为本公开另一实施例提供的一种液晶面板的示意图；
图8为本公开另一实施例提供的一种液晶面板的制造方法的流程图；
图9为本公开另一实施例提供的一种液晶面板的第一基板的示意图；
图10为本公开另一实施例提供的一种液晶面板的制造方法的流程图；
图11为本公开另一实施例提供的一种液晶面板通过掩膜板进行曝光以得到柱状隔垫物的示意图；
图12为本公开另一实施例提供的一种液晶面板的示意图。
具体实施方式
为使本公开实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本公开实施例的附图，对本公开实施例的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。显然，所描述的实施例是本公开的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于所描述的本公开的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在无需创造性劳动的前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本公开保护的范围。
除非另外定义，本公开使用的技术术语或者科学术语应当为本公开所属领域内具有一般技能的人士所理解的通常意义。本公开中使用的“第一”、“第二”以及类似的词语并不表示任何顺序、数量或者重要性，而只是用来区分不同的组成部分。“包括”或者“包含”等类似的词语意指出现该词前面的元件或者物件涵盖出现在该词后面列举的元件或者物件及其等同，而不排除其他元件或者物件。“连接”或者“相连”等类似的词语并非限定于物理的或者机械的连接，而是可以包括电性的连接，不管是直接的还是间接的。“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”等仅用于表示相对位置关系，当被描述对象的绝对位置改变后，则该相对位置关系也可能相应地改变。
由前面所述，在传统的液晶面板的制备流程中，柱状隔垫物通常在保护层工艺步骤完成后进行制备，此后再进行配向膜的制备工艺。在制备柱状隔 垫物的过程中，往往进行光刻胶的涂覆、曝光、显影、成形等多步工艺流程，其工艺整体较为复杂。
本公开至少一实施例提供一种液晶面板的制造方法，该方法包括：提供第一基板、第二基板以及容纳在所述第一基板和第二基板中的液晶层，所述液晶层包括液晶材料以及光可聚合单体；对所述液晶层进行曝光以使得所述光可聚合单体在被曝光的位置聚合形成柱状隔垫物。
本公开至少一实施例提供一种液晶面板，包括：彼此对盒的第一基板和第二基板；设置在所述第一基板和所述第二基板之间的液晶层，其中，所述液晶层中设置有由光可聚合单体聚合形成的聚合物的柱状隔垫物。
下面通过几个具体的实施例对本公开的概念进行说明。
实施例一
本公开一个实施例提供一种液晶面板，如图1所示，该液晶面板包括：彼此对盒的第一基板101和第二基板102；设置在第一基板101和第二基板102之间的液晶层103，液晶层103中设置有由光可聚合单体聚合形成的聚合物的柱状隔垫物104。该光可聚合单体分子混入到最初的液晶材料之中，例如可借助光的引发活化成自由基而进行聚合。本实施例中，柱状隔垫物104具有多个，并且各个柱状隔垫物104的大小基本相同。
在该实施例中，根据液晶面板的结构，第一基板101和第二基板102可以为多种形式。例如，在一个示例中，液晶面板用于进行液晶显示，因此第一基板101和第二基板102可以分别为对置基板和阵列基板；该对置基板例如可以为彩膜基板；或者，当阵列基板为COA(Color on Array)型阵列基板时，对置基板上无需形成滤色片等，可以形成有黑矩阵。例如，在另一个示例中，液晶面板用于形成液晶光栅，因此第一基板101和第二基板102可以彼此相同或不同，例如第一基板101和第二基板102中的一个形成有包括多个平行的条状电极的第一电极层，另一个形成有面电极等。本公开的实施例不限制于第一基板101和第二基板102的具体类型。下面以第一基板101和第二基板102分别为彩膜基板和阵列基板为例进行说明。阵列基板例如包括栅线、数据线以及子像素等结构，这里不再详述；彩膜基板例如包括滤色片等结构，这里也不再详述。
本实施例还提供了一种如图1所示的液晶面板的制造方法，该方法包括：提供第一基板101、第二基板102以及容纳在第一基板101和第二基板102 中的液晶层103，该液晶层103包括液晶材料以及光可聚合单体，通过对液晶层103进行曝光以使得光可聚合单体在被曝光的位置聚合形成柱状隔垫物104。如图2的流程图所示，该制造方法可以如下步骤：
S101：制备第一基板101和第二基板102。
在本实施例中，第一基板101可以为载有彩色滤光片的彩膜基板，如图3所示，所述第一基板101包括多个像素单元，每个像素单元包括多个子像素单元。例如，首先在第一基板101的衬底基板1001上形成滤色器层1002，滤色器层1002中的对应于各个子像素单元的位置设置彩色滤光片。衬底基板1001可以为玻璃基板、塑料基板等，例如本实施例中每个像素单元可以包括三种子像素单元10021、10022、10023，分别可以在上述三种子像素单元中设置红色、绿色、蓝色彩色滤光片，因此形成发红色光的红光子像素单元10021、发绿色光的绿光子像素单元10022、发蓝色光的蓝光子像素单元10023。例如，每种子像素单元都具有多个(图中每种子像素单元示出三个)，因此通过上述彩色滤光片，不同的子像素单元可以发出不同颜色的光。例如，滤色器层1002上形成保护层1003，用于保护滤色器层1002，并实现基板表面的平坦化，该保护层103可以为无机绝缘层或有机绝缘层。例如，在保护层1003上形成配向膜1004，用以在第一基板101表面形成有序沟槽，用于使与该配向膜1004接触的液晶分子在初始状态能够按规定方向有序排列。配向膜1004例如可以采用聚酰亚胺(PI)制备而成，将聚酰亚胺涂覆在保护层1003上并进行固化，之后在固化好的聚酰亚胺膜表面利用摩擦辊按一定方向对聚酰亚胺膜进行摩擦，由此使得与之接触的液晶分子能够按该摩擦方向进行排列。
需要注意的是，上述载有彩色滤光片的彩膜基板的制备方式只是示例性表述，其具体制备方式可随生产需求进行调整，载有彩色滤光片的彩膜基板的具体结构及其具体制备过程在此不做限定。
本实施例中，第二基板102可以为载有作为开关元件的薄膜晶体管(TFT)的阵列基板，薄膜晶体管可以采用常规形式，用于控制驱动信号的导通与截止。薄膜晶体管的具体结构在此不做限定。例如，在第二基板102的内表面上也可以形成配向膜等，在外表面上可以贴附偏光片等。
需要说明的是，上述实施方式只是示例性例举了第一基板101和第二基板102的种类，在其他实施例中，第一基板101和第二基板102还可以是其 他任意可以进行对盒并可容纳液晶的基板，其具体种类在此不做限定。
S102：将第一基板101和第二基板102对盒形成液晶盒。
例如，在第一基板101或第二基板102表面的边缘处涂上封框胶，在涂敷了封框胶的基板上于封框胶所围出的区域内滴注液晶材料和光可聚合单体的组合物(滴注方法)，然后将第一基板101和第二基板102彼此对置并通过上述封框胶彼此结合在一起以形成液晶盒，例如通过紫外光辐照或加热等方式固化封框胶，从而形成液晶盒(即对盒工艺)。
本实施例的一个示例中，可以采取在第二基板102上涂敷封框胶以及滴入混有光可聚合单体的液晶材料以形成液晶层103。例如，光可聚合单体可以是可见光可聚合单体、紫外光可聚合单体等，相应地，在后续的曝光程序中采用的光照可以为可见光、紫外光等，光可聚合单体的种类在此不做限定。例如，光可聚合单体可以采用如下材料中的一种或几种：
Figure PCTCN2017111528-appb-000004
例如，当曝光为紫外光辐照时，在液晶层103中还可以加入紫外光引发剂，即能在紫外光区吸收一定波长的能量，以产生自由基、阳离子等，从而能够引发光可聚合单体聚合反应，例如可以加入如下材料：
Figure PCTCN2017111528-appb-000005
以增大光可聚合单体的反应速率。
例如，在液晶层103中还可以加入紫外光吸收剂，即能够吸收光中的紫外部分，而其本身不会发生变化的一类物质，例如可以加入如下材料：
Figure PCTCN2017111528-appb-000006
以提高紫外光的利用率，进一步促进聚合反应的发生。
因此，当曝光为紫外光辐照时，例如也可以一次性在液晶层103中的加入光可聚合单体/紫外光引发剂/紫外光吸收剂组合物，该组合物中，例如光可聚合单体、紫外光引发剂、紫外光吸收剂的比例可以为94％-99.85％：0.05％-1％：0.1％-5％。例如在本实施例中，可以一次性在液晶层103中的加入比例为95％：1％：4％的光可聚合单体/紫外光引发剂/紫外光吸收剂组合物，以使后面的曝光工序更加高效地进行。
需要注意的是，紫外光引发剂和紫外光吸收剂可以有选择的加入，例如当本实施例中加入的紫外光可聚合单体的反应速率已能达到生产需求时，也可以不加入紫外光引发剂和紫外光吸收剂；或者有选择性地加入紫外光引发剂和紫外光吸收剂中的一种或几种，并可以根据具体生产需求，合理选择紫外光引发剂和紫外光吸收剂的添加量。
需要说明的是，液晶层103中的液晶材料和光可聚合单体的组合物也可以在第一基板101和第二基板102对盒之后注入到第一基板101和第二基板102之中，例如在本公开的其他实施例中，可以利用真空注入等方式将液晶层103中的材料注入到第一基板101和第二基板102之中，液晶层103的具体形成方式在此不做限定。
S103：对液晶盒中的液晶层曝光以形成柱状隔垫物。
如图4所示，利用掩膜板106对液晶盒中的液晶层103进行曝光处理，在被曝光的位置光线入射到液晶盒内部部分高度或全部高度，使得液晶层103中的光可聚合单体在被曝光的位置，即在对应于掩膜板106的开口1061的位置聚合以形成柱状隔垫物104。
本实施例中，例如可以通过控制掩膜板106开口1061的位置、大小或曝光的光强度等控制柱状隔垫物104的形成位置与大小。本实施例中，例如可以将掩膜板106的开口1061的位置设置在相邻子像素单元10021、10022和10023的间隔的位置，因此柱状隔垫物104形成在对应于相邻子像素单元 10021、10022或10023的间隔的位置，例如，柱状隔垫物104形成后在第一基板101上的正投影与相邻子像素单元10021、10022和10023的间隔在第一基板101上的正投影重叠。由于本实施例中，柱状隔垫物104具有基本相同的尺寸，因此本实施例中使用的掩膜板106具有等间隔的开口1061，并且开口1061的大小都相同，因此，通过掩膜板106对液晶盒中的液晶层103进行曝光处理后得到的柱状隔垫物104等间隔设置，并且其大小基本相同。最终得到如图1所示的液晶面板。
在本实施例的另一个示例中，如图5所示的流程图，该液晶面板的制造方法还可以包括：
S104：形成黑矩阵。
例如，在曝光以形成柱状隔垫物之后，在第一基板101的远离第二基板102的表面上对应于柱状隔垫物104的位置形成黑矩阵105，因此黑矩阵105也形成在对应于相邻子像素单元10021、10022和10023的间隔的位置，例如，黑矩阵105在第一基板101上的正投影与相邻子像素单元10021、10022和10023的间隔在第一基板101上的正投影重叠，由此防止不同子像素之间的串扰，如图6所示。本实施例中，黑矩阵105可以采用金属铬或氧化铬等材料，也可以采用掺入黑色颜料(例如碳)的丙烯树脂，黑矩阵105的具体形式在此不做限定。
例如，在第一基板101的外表面上形成了黑矩阵之后，还可以进一步在该外表面上形成保护层或平坦化层(未示出)，之后可以再贴附偏振片(未示出)等部件。
实施例二
本公开另一个实施例提供一种液晶面板，如图7所示，该液晶面板包括：彼此对盒的第一基板201和第二基板202；设置在第一基板201和第二基板202之间的液晶层203，液晶层203中设置有由光可聚合单体聚合形成的聚合物的主隔垫物2042和辅隔垫物2041。本实施例中，由光可聚合单体聚合形成的柱状隔垫物具有大小不同的两种尺寸，因此高度较高的主隔垫物2042在液晶基板形态正常的情况下可以对液晶基板起到支持作用，而高度较低的辅隔垫物2041在液晶基板受到外力时可以对液晶基板起到支持作用。
同样，在本实施例中对于液晶面板的用途以及对于第一基板101和第二基板102的具体类型不作限制。
本实施例还提供了一种如图7所示的液晶面板的制造方法，如图8所示的流程图，该方法包括：
S201：制备第一基板201和第二基板202。
在本实施例中，第一基板201可以为载有彩色滤光片的彩膜基板。如图9所示，第一基板201包括多个像素单元，每个像素单元包括多个子像素单元。例如，首先在第一基板201的衬底基板2001上形成滤色器层2002，滤色器层2002中的对应于各个子像素单元的位置设置彩色滤光片。衬底基板1001可以为玻璃基板、塑料基板等。例如，本实施例中每个像素单元可以包括四种子像素单元20021、20022、20023、20024，在滤色器层2002中，取其中三种子像素单元分别设置有红色、绿色、蓝色彩色滤光片，因此形成发红色光的红光子像素单元20021、发绿色光的绿光子像素单元20022、发蓝色光的蓝光子像素单元20023，另一种子像素单元不设置彩色滤光片，因此形成发白光的白光子像素单元20024。例如，每种子像素单元都具有多个(图中每种子像素单元示出二个)；因此通过上述彩色滤光片，不同的子像素单元可以发出不同颜色的光，不设置彩色滤光片的子像素发出的白光还可以提高液晶基板的显示亮度。例如，在滤色器层2002上形成保护层2003，用于保护滤色器层2002，并实现基板表面的平坦化。例如，在保护层2003上形成配向膜2004，使与之接触的液晶分子能够按规定方向有序排列。本实施例中，配向膜2004可以采用非摩擦液晶取向技术形成，例如粒子束取向技术，使用离子束以一定角度轰击配向膜材料，通过选择性断键的方式使材料表面产生结构异向性，从而对液晶产生配向的效果。又例如可以采用光取向技术，利用线性偏振的紫外光照射在具有感光剂的高分子聚合物配向膜上引发光学异向性，使得高分子聚合物具有配向能力。配向膜2004的形成方式具有多种，本公开的实施例对此不做限定。
本实施例中，第二基板202可以为载有作为开关元件的薄膜晶体管(TFT)的阵列基板，TFT可以采用常规形式，用于控制驱动信号的导通与截止。薄膜晶体管的具体结构在此不做限定。例如，在第二基板202的内表面上也可以形成配向膜等，在外表面上可以贴附偏光片等。
S202：将第一基板201和第二基板202对盒。
例如，在第一基板201或第二基板202表面的边缘处涂上封框胶，并将第一基板201和第二基板202对盒。本实施例中，同样可以采用滴注法加入 形成液晶层103的材料，或者形成液晶层103的材料在第一基板201和第二基板202对盒之后利用真空注入的方式注入到第一基板201和第二基板202之中。
S203：曝光处理以形成液晶盒及柱状隔垫物。
本实施例中，曝光处理例如为使用紫外光进行辐照，并且在本实施例中，封框胶的固化和柱状隔垫物形成例如可以在同一个曝光工序中进行，即在一次紫外光辐照下，同时形成液晶盒及柱状隔垫物。由于在之前的步骤中，第一基板201或第二基板202表面的边缘处已经涂上封框胶，并对盒完成，因此本步骤中，将掩膜板放置在合适的位置后，可以通过一次紫外光辐照同时形成液晶盒及柱状隔垫物。在该示例中，封框胶为紫外光固化胶。
如图10所示，本实施例利用掩膜板206对液晶盒中的液晶层203进行曝光处理，在被曝光的位置光线入射到液晶盒内部部分高度或全部高度，使得液晶层203中的光可聚合单体在被曝光的位置，即在对应于掩膜板206的开口的位置聚合以形成柱状隔垫物。本实施例中，例如将掩膜板206的开口的位置设置在相邻子像素单元20021、20022、20023和20024的间隔的位置，因此柱状隔垫物形成在对应于相邻子像素单元20021、20022、20023和20024的间隔的位置。例如，柱状隔垫物形成后在第一基板201上的正投影与相邻子像素单元20021、20022、20023和20024的间隔在第一基板201上的正投影重叠。
本实施例的一个示例中，柱状隔垫物104具有大小不同的尺寸，因此该实施例中使用的掩膜板206在不同的位置允许不同的曝光量，由此形成具有不同高度的柱状隔垫物。例如，使用多个掩模板分别用于形成主隔垫物和辅助隔垫物；或者使用具有不同开口的掩模板，其中，各个开口的大小不同或各个开口的透光率不同，从而分别形成主隔垫物和辅助隔垫物。
又例如，在本实施例中，液晶面板具有两种不同尺寸的柱状隔垫物，即主隔垫物2042和辅隔垫物2041，因此可以使用两个掩模板分别用于形成大小不同的主隔垫物2042和辅助隔垫物2041；或者使用同一个掩膜板分步曝光，利用不同的光强度分别形成主隔垫物2042和辅助隔垫物2041，其中，强光通过掩膜板开口照射到液晶层203中形成主隔垫物2042，弱光通过掩膜板开口照射到液晶层203中形成辅助隔垫物2041。又或者如图10所示，使用具有第一开口2061和第二开口2062的掩模板206，其中，第一开口2061 大于第二开口2062，从而第一开口2061用于形成主隔垫物2042，第二开口2062用于形成辅助隔垫物2041；或者具有第一开口2061和第二开口2062的掩模板206中，第一开口2061的透光率大于第二开口2062，从而第一开口2061用于形成主隔垫物2042，第二开口2062用于形成辅助隔垫物2041。在本实施例的其他示例中，柱状隔垫物的大小也可以多于两种，其形成方式同样也可以采用上述的方法，在此不再赘述。
本实施例中，光可聚合单体例如可以采用如下材料：
Figure PCTCN2017111528-appb-000007
并同时使用紫外光引发剂和紫外光吸收剂。例如，在向液晶层203中注入液晶材料的同时，可以一次性在液晶层203中加入光可聚合单体/紫外光引发剂/紫外光吸收剂组合物，该组合物中，例如光可聚合单体、紫外光引发剂、紫外光吸收剂的比例可以为94％-99.85％：0.05％-1％：0.1％-5％。例如在本实施例中，例如可以一次性在液晶层203中的加入比例为97％：0.5％：2.5％的光可聚合单体/紫外光引发剂/紫外光吸收剂组合物，以使后面的曝光工序更加高效地进行。
在本实施例的另一个示例中，如图11所示的流程图，液晶面板的制造方法还包括：
S204：形成黑矩阵。
例如，在曝光以形成主隔垫物2042和辅隔垫物2041之后，在第一基板201的远离第二基板202的表面上对应于主隔垫物2042和辅隔垫物2041的位置形成黑矩阵205，因此黑矩阵205也形成在对应于相邻子像素单元20021、20022、20023和20024的间隔的位置，例如，黑矩阵205在第一基板201上的正投影与相邻子像素单元20021、20022、20023和20024的间隔在第一基板201上的正投影重叠，如图12所示。本实施例中，黑矩阵205可以采用掺入黑色颜料碳的丙烯树脂等材料，黑矩阵105的具体形式在此不做限定。
例如，在第一基板201的外表面上形成了黑矩阵之后，还可以进一步在该外表面上形成保护层或平坦化层(未示出)，之后可以再贴附偏振片(未示出)等部件。
本实施例还提供一种液晶显示器，包括上述任一所述的液晶面板。该液晶显示器中，上述液晶面板可以是共平面切换型(In-Plane Switch,IPS)面 板，也可以是高级超维场转换型(Advanced-super Dimensional Switching,ADS)型面板等，其具体形式可以是任意的，在此不做限定。该液晶显示器还相应地具有栅极驱动、源极驱动器等附属电路元件，这里不再赘述。该液晶显示器中，液晶面板的支撑液晶盒的柱状隔垫物可以在液晶盒形成后，通过曝光使液晶层中的光可聚合单体聚合而形成，因此避免了传统制备工艺中由于柱状隔垫物与其周围的高度差而引起的rubbing mura(因取向膜摩擦取向工艺在面板上形成的细条纹状不良)等不良现象，从而可以提高液晶显示器的显示质量。
本公开至少一实施例提供的一种液晶面板及其制造方法、液晶显示器具有以下至少一项有益效果：
(1)本公开至少一实施例提供的一种液晶面板的制造方法通过光照使液晶层中的光可聚合单体聚合直接形成柱状隔垫物，用来支撑液晶盒厚度。
(2)本公开至少一实施例提供的一种液晶面板的制造方法与传统的液晶面板制备工艺相比，省去了传统液晶面板制备工艺中形成柱状隔垫物采用的曝光、显影、成型等多步工艺步骤，简化了制备流程，提高了生产效率。
(3)本公开至少一实施例提供的一种液晶面板的制造方法在液晶面板对盒后进行光照以形成柱状隔垫物，避免了传统制备工艺中由于柱状隔垫物与其周围的高度差而引起的rubbing mura等不良，从而提高了显示质量。
(4)本公开至少一实施例提供的一种液晶面板中的柱状隔垫物通过利用光可聚合单体聚合形成，其原料光可聚合单体来源广泛、成本低廉，因此可以降低生产成本。
有以下几点需要说明：
(1)本公开实施例附图只涉及到与本公开实施例涉及到的结构，其他结构可参考通常设计。
(2)为了清晰起见，在用于描述本公开的实施例的附图中，层或区域的厚度被放大或缩小，即这些附图并非按照实际的比例绘制。
(3)在不冲突的情况下，本公开的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合以得到新的实施例。
以上所述，仅为本公开的具体实施方式，但本公开的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本公开的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本公开的保护范围之内。因此，本公开的保护范围 应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。
本申请要求于2017年5月31日递交的中国专利申请第201710397869.8号的优先权，在此全文引用上述中国专利申请公开的内容以作为本申请的一部分。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种液晶面板的制造方法，包括：
    提供第一基板、第二基板以及容纳在所述第一基板和第二基板中的液晶层，所述液晶层包括液晶材料以及光可聚合单体；
    对所述液晶层进行曝光以使得所述光可聚合单体在被曝光的位置聚合形成柱状隔垫物。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的液晶面板的制造方法，其中，在所述第一基板和所述第二基板对盒后对所述液晶层进行所述曝光以形成所述柱状隔垫物。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的液晶面板的制造方法，还包括：
    在所述曝光以形成所述柱状隔垫物之后，在所述第一基板的远离所述第二基板的表面上对应于所述柱状隔垫物的位置形成黑矩阵。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3任一所述的液晶面板的制造方法，其中，所述第一基板包括多个子像素单元，所述柱状隔垫物所要形成的位置在所述第一基板上的正投影与相邻所述子像素单元的间隔在所述第一基板上的正投影重叠。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4任一所述的液晶面板的制造方法，其中，所述曝光通过使用掩膜板以将光照射到所述液晶材料，由此在对应于所述掩膜板的开口的位置形成所述柱状隔垫物。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的液晶面板的制造方法，其中，所述掩膜板在不同的位置允许不同的曝光量，由此形成具有不同高度的主隔垫物和辅助隔垫物。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的液晶面板的制造方法，其中，使用多个掩模板分别用于形成主隔垫物和辅助隔垫物；或者
    使用至少具有第一开口和第二开口的掩模板，其中，所述第一开口大于所述第二开口或者第一开口和第二开口的透光率不同，从而分别形成主隔垫物和辅助隔垫物。
  8. 根据权利要求1-7任一所述的液晶面板的制造方法，其中，所述光可聚合单体为
    Figure PCTCN2017111528-appb-100001
    Figure PCTCN2017111528-appb-100002
    中的一种或几种。
  9. 根据权利要求1-8任一所述的液晶面板的制造方法，其中，采用紫外光进行辐照以所述曝光。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的液晶面板的制造方法，其中，所述液晶层还包括紫外光引发剂。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的液晶面板的制造方法，其中，所述紫外光引发剂为
    Figure PCTCN2017111528-appb-100003
  12. 根据权利要求9所述的液晶面板的制造方法，其中，所述液晶层还包括紫外光吸收剂。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的液晶面板的制造方法，其中，所述紫外光吸收剂为
    Figure PCTCN2017111528-appb-100004
  14. 根据权利要求1-13任一所述的液晶面板的制造方法，还包括：
    在所述第一基板或所述第二基板边缘涂覆封框胶，
    将所述第一基板和所述第二基板对盒以形成所述液晶盒，并且在所述液晶盒中注入所述液晶层，
    固化所述封框胶。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的液晶面板的制造方法，其中，固化所述封框胶和形成所述柱状隔垫物在同一个曝光工序中进行。
  16. 根据权利要求14或15所述的液晶面板的制造方法，还包括：
    在所述对盒之前，在所述第一基板和/或所述第二基板上形成配向层。
  17. 一种液晶面板，包括：
    彼此对盒的第一基板和第二基板；
    设置在所述第一基板和所述第二基板之间的液晶层，
    其中，所述液晶层中设置有由光可聚合单体聚合形成的聚合物的柱状隔垫物。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的液晶面板，其中，所述柱状隔垫物包括高度不同的主隔垫物和辅助隔垫物。
  19. 根据权利要求17或18所述的液晶面板，其中，所述第一基板的远离所述第二基板的表面上设有黑矩阵，所述柱状隔垫物设置在与所述黑矩阵相对应的位置。
  20. 一种液晶显示器，包括权利要求17-19任一所述的液晶面板。
PCT/CN2017/111528 2017-05-31 2017-11-17 液晶面板及其制造方法、液晶显示器 WO2018218884A1 (zh)

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