WO2018216638A1 - ベンド鋼管およびその製造方法 - Google Patents
ベンド鋼管およびその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2018216638A1 WO2018216638A1 PCT/JP2018/019414 JP2018019414W WO2018216638A1 WO 2018216638 A1 WO2018216638 A1 WO 2018216638A1 JP 2018019414 W JP2018019414 W JP 2018019414W WO 2018216638 A1 WO2018216638 A1 WO 2018216638A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D35/00—Combined processes according to or processes combined with methods covered by groups B21D1/00 - B21D31/00
- B21D35/002—Processes combined with methods covered by groups B21D1/00 - B21D31/00
- B21D35/005—Processes combined with methods covered by groups B21D1/00 - B21D31/00 characterized by the material of the blank or the workpiece
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D7/00—Bending rods, profiles, or tubes
- B21D7/16—Auxiliary equipment, e.g. for heating or cooling of bends
- B21D7/162—Heating equipment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
- C21D1/25—Hardening, combined with annealing between 300 degrees Celsius and 600 degrees Celsius, i.e. heat refining ("Vergüten")
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/005—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Mn
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/008—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Si
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/10—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of tubular bodies
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/10—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of tubular bodies
- C21D8/105—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of tubular bodies of ferrous alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/08—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for tubular bodies or pipes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/08—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for tubular bodies or pipes
- C21D9/085—Cooling or quenching
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L43/00—Bends; Siphons
- F16L43/001—Bends; Siphons made of metal
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/34—Methods of heating
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/34—Methods of heating
- C21D1/42—Induction heating
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/08—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing nickel
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/20—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with copper
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/22—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with molybdenum or tungsten
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/24—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with vanadium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/26—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with niobium or tantalum
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/58—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a bend steel pipe and a manufacturing method thereof.
- HIC resistance hydrogen-induced cracking
- As the pipeline not only a straight pipe (straight pipe) but also a pipe having a curved portion (bend pipe) is used according to the terrain to be laid.
- a tube is used. Since the bend pipe is required to have the same mechanical characteristics as the straight pipe, a part of the straight pipe is subjected to a hot bending process, followed by quenching and tempering.
- Patent Document 1 after a welded steel pipe having a predetermined chemical composition is hot-bent, a cooling rate at a central portion in the thickness direction of 5 ° C./s or more in a temperature range of 700 to 500 ° C. is 300 ° C. or less.
- a bend steel pipe cooled to a temperature range and then tempered in a temperature range of 300 ° C. or higher and 500 ° C. or lower is disclosed.
- Patent Document 2 a welded steel pipe having a predetermined chemical composition is subjected to hot bending, and then cooled to a temperature range of 300 ° C. or lower at a cooling rate of 3 ° C./s or higher, and thereafter a temperature range of 300 to 500 ° C.
- a bend steel pipe tempered in is disclosed.
- Patent Document 3 discloses a seamless bend pipe composed of a bent portion and straight pipe portions at both ends thereof, wherein the inner diameter of both pipe ends is larger than the inner diameter of the bent portion.
- Patent Document 4 the Ac 3 point or more straight tube having a predetermined chemical composition, subjected to heat to bending in the temperature range of 1050 ° C. or less, subjected to a treatment hardening immediately thereafter, then, 250 ⁇ 500 ° C.
- a bend steel pipe tempered in the temperature range of is disclosed.
- Patent Document 5 a straight pipe having a predetermined chemical composition is heated to a temperature of Ac 3 or higher and Ac 3 + 100 ° C. or lower and bent, and immediately a cooling rate between 800 ° C. and 500 ° C. is set to 0.5 ° C. / A bend steel pipe that is air-cooled at a cooling rate of s or higher and then tempered at a temperature of 650 ° C. or lower is disclosed.
- Patent Document 6 a straight pipe having a predetermined chemical composition is heated in a temperature range of 900 to 1050 ° C., subjected to a bending process and then quenched, and then tempered in a temperature range of 450 to 600 ° C.
- a treated bend steel pipe is disclosed.
- line pipe steel is designed to have a low carbon equivalent, and hardenability is low compared to oil well pipe (OCTG) steel that is installed without welding.
- OCTG oil well pipe
- the surface portion where the cooling rate during quenching is high becomes harder, and the middle part of the meat where the cooling rate is slow becomes lower.
- the hardness distribution is U-shaped in the thickness direction. This hardness distribution remains even after tempering.
- the sour line pipe needs to be managed at a low hardness in order to obtain excellent HIC resistance, but the remaining hardness distribution is a problem at the time of manufacture.
- bend pipes welded to line pipes, submarine equipment, etc. are designed in the same manner as straight pipes, and the hardness distribution is the same.
- the bend pipe has a complicated shape, and the cooling rate during quenching is slower than that of the straight pipe. This tendency is prominent in thick bend pipes with a wall thickness of 30 mm or more, ensuring high strength of X65 grade (YS: 450-600 MPa) and low hardness of 230 or less in Vickers hardness (HV10). Becomes very difficult.
- Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 the heat treatment (tempering) temperature after cooling is 300 to 500 ° C., which is too low.
- Patent Document 3 does not disclose bending temperature, cooling rate, and heat treatment temperature after cooling.
- the heating temperature before bending is too low.
- a thick bend pipe having a wall thickness of 30 mm or more can ensure a sufficiently high cooling rate unlike a bend pipe having a wall thickness of less than 30 mm as described in the examples of these documents. It becomes difficult. For this reason, in the prior art, a bent steel pipe having sufficient strength and corrosion resistance has not been obtained in the bent portion.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a bend steel pipe excellent in strength of a bent portion and HIC resistance.
- the present inventors obtained the following knowledge as a result of intensive studies to solve the above problems.
- the heating temperature at the time of bending is less than 1050 ° C.
- the hardness at the center of the thickness of the bent portion of the obtained bend steel pipe decreases, and even if quenching is performed thereafter, this thickness center It is difficult to recover the hardness of the part. As a result, the yield stress at the bent portion is reduced.
- the hardness of the surface can be reduced, but the hardness of the thickness center portion cannot be increased.
- a high-strength material of X65 grade (YS: 450 to 600 MPa) cannot be obtained. Therefore, it is important that the heating temperature at the time of bending is higher than 1050 ° C., particularly 1060 ° C. or higher.
- the present invention has been made on the basis of such knowledge, and the gist thereof is the following bend steel pipe and a manufacturing method thereof.
- a bend steel pipe comprising a straight pipe part and a bending part having a bending radius of three times or more the outer diameter of the straight pipe part, and having a wall thickness of 30 mm or more
- Chemical composition is mass%, C: 0.04 to 0.08%, Si: 0.05 to 0.50%, Mn: 1.00 to 1.70%, P: 0.015% or less, S: 0.002% or less, Cu: 0 to 0.50%, Ni: 0 to 0.50%, Cr: 0 to 0.50%, Mo: 0 to 0.50%, Sol.
- Ceq determined from the following formula (1): 0.35% or more, A bend steel pipe having a yield stress of 450 to 600 MPa and a Vickers hardness (HV10) of 230 or less in the straight pipe part and the bent part.
- Ceq C + Mn / 6 + (Cr + Mo + V) / 5 + (Cu + Ni) / 15 (1)
- each element symbol in the above formula (1) means the content (% by mass) of each element.
- the chemical composition is Cu: 0.05 to 0.50%, Ni: 0.05 to 0.50%, Cr: 0.05 to 0.50%, Mo: 0.05 to 0.50%, Sol. Al: 0.001 to 0.10%, Ca: 0.0001 to 0.0050%, Nb: 0.001 to 0.050%, V: 0.01 to 0.10% and Ti: 0.005 to 0.030% Including one or more selected from The bend steel pipe of the above [1].
- the wall thickness is 50 mm or less.
- [6] The method for producing a bent steel pipe according to [1], wherein the following steps (1) to (4) are sequentially performed.
- (1) A step of heating a steel pipe having a thickness of 30 mm or more and having the chemical composition of [1] to a predetermined heating temperature of more than 1050 ° C. and not more than 1100 ° C. at an average heating rate of 10 to 30 ° C./s.
- step (1) heating is performed over the entire length of the steel pipe.
- step (2) bending is performed so that the bending angle is 20 ° or more.
- a bend steel pipe having high strength of X65 grade (YS: 450 to 600 MPa) and excellent HIC resistance can be obtained.
- FIG. 1 Schematic diagram showing an example of a bend steel pipe according to the present embodiment Aa sectional view in FIG.
- the bend steel pipe 1 shape As shown in FIG. 1, the bend steel pipe 1 according to this embodiment includes a straight pipe portion 2 and a bending portion 3.
- the bending radius r (mm) of the bending part 3 is three times or more of the outer diameter OD (mm) of the straight pipe part 2, that is, 3 OD or more. If the bending radius r (mm) of the bending part 3 is less than 3 OD, the difference in wall thickness between the inner part (abdominal part) 3a and the outer part (back part) 3b of the bending part becomes too large. The characteristic variation is too large.
- the upper limit of the bending radius r is not particularly defined, but if the bending radius is large, it is necessary to take a wide processing place during bending, and it is preferable to set it to 20 OD due to equipment limitations.
- the bending angle ⁇ may be designed according to actual use conditions, and is practically 180 ° or less.
- the bending radius r means a bending radius in a line (center line) passing through the center of the bend steel pipe 1.
- the wall thickness of the bend steel pipe 1 according to this embodiment is, for example, 30 to 50 mm.
- the effect of the present invention becomes remarkable in a thick bend steel pipe having a thickness of 30 mm or more, and the present invention can be suitably used particularly in a thick bend steel pipe having a thickness of 35 mm or more.
- the bend steel pipe according to the present embodiment may be a welded steel pipe obtained by bending a steel plate and welding the contact portion, or may be a seamless steel pipe manufactured using a piercing and rolling machine or the like.
- the bend steel pipe according to the present embodiment has the high strength of X65 grade (YS: 450 to 600 MPa) and excellent HIC resistance, and is therefore most suitable for use in pipelines and flow lines.
- the bend steel pipe according to this embodiment is preferably a bend steel pipe obtained by bending a seamless steel pipe.
- C 0.04 to 0.08% C is an element effective for increasing the strength. In order to have the strength of X65 grade or higher, the content is made 0.04% or higher. On the other hand, when the C content is excessive, the toughness is remarkably lowered, adversely affecting the mechanical properties of the base material, and the occurrence of surface scratches on the slab is increased. For this reason, C content shall be 0.08% or less.
- the upper limit of the C content is preferably 0.07%, and the lower limit is preferably 0.05%.
- Si 0.05 to 0.50% Since Si is an element used as a deoxidizer for steel and is an element effective for strengthening steel, its content is set to 0.05% or more. On the other hand, when the Si content is excessive, the toughness is remarkably lowered and the mechanical properties of the bend steel pipe are lowered. For this reason, Si content shall be 0.50% or less.
- the upper limit of the Si content is desirably 0.30%, and the lower limit is desirably 0.10%.
- Mn 1.00 to 1.70% Mn is effective in increasing the strength and toughness of the steel, and its content is 1.00% or more. On the other hand, when the Mn content is excessive, the toughness is lowered, so the Mn content is 1.70% or less.
- the upper limit of the Mn content is desirably 1.60%, and the lower limit is desirably 1.20%.
- P 0.015% or less P is inevitably present in steel, and when its content is excessive, corrosion resistance is deteriorated, so its content is 0.015% or less.
- the upper limit of the P content is desirably 0.013%.
- S 0.002% or less S is unavoidably present in the steel, and when its content is excessive, the toughness of the base material is deteriorated, so its content is made 0.002% or less.
- Ni and Cr are all elements that contribute to solid solution strengthening and hardenability, and can increase the strength without greatly impairing the toughness, so they may be contained in a bend steel pipe.
- Cu content exceeds 0.50%, Cu checking occurs and causes surface scratches on the slab. If the Ni content exceeds 0.50%, the cost rises significantly. If the Cr content exceeds 0.50%, the toughness decreases. Therefore, the content of any element of Cu, Ni and Cr is 0.50% or less. In order to obtain the above effect, it is desirable to contain 0.05% or more of any element of Cu, Ni and Cr.
- the upper limit of the Cu content is desirably 0.30%, and the lower limit is desirably 0.05%.
- the upper limit of the Ni content is desirably 0.40%, and the lower limit is desirably 0.05%.
- the upper limit of the Cr content is desirably 0.40%, and the lower limit is desirably 0.05%.
- Mo 0 to 0.50% Mo has the effect of suppressing the deterioration of toughness and increasing the strength, so it may be contained in a bend steel pipe. However, if the Mo content exceeds 0.50%, the peripheral weldability at the time of laying the bend steel pipe deteriorates, so the Mo content is set to 0.50% or less.
- the upper limit of the Mo content is desirably 0.30%, and the lower limit is desirably 0.05%.
- Al 0 to 0.10%
- Aluminum (Al) combines with N to form fine nitrides and enhances the toughness of the steel, so it may be contained in a bend steel pipe. If Al is contained even a little, the above effect can be obtained. On the other hand, when the Al content is excessive, the Al nitride becomes coarse and the toughness of the steel decreases. Therefore, when Al is contained, Sol.
- the content of Al (acid-soluble Al) is 0.10% or less.
- the lower limit of the Al content is preferably 0.001%, and more preferably 0.01%.
- the upper limit of the Al content is preferably 0.08%, more preferably 0.06%.
- Ca 0 to 0.0050% Ca is effective in spheroidizing inclusions and is an effective element for preventing hydrogen-induced cracking and lamellarity, so Ca may be contained in a bend steel pipe. However, since these effects are saturated when the Ca content exceeds 0.0050%, the Ca content is set to 0.0050% or less.
- the upper limit of the Ca content is preferably 0.0020%, and the lower limit is preferably 0.0001%.
- Nb 0 to 0.050%
- V 0 to 0.10%
- Ti 0 to 0.030%
- Nb, V, and Ti are all elements that contribute to precipitation strengthening and hardenability improvement, and are elements that refine crystal grains and improve toughness. Therefore, they may be contained in a bend steel pipe. However, when the content of these elements is excessive, the toughness of the weld metal in the welded portion is lowered. Therefore, the Nb content is 0.050% or less, the V content is 0.10% or less, and the Ti content is 0.030% or less.
- the upper limit of the Nb content is preferably 0.020%, and the lower limit is preferably 0.001%.
- the upper limit of V content is preferably 0.07%, and the lower limit is preferably 0.01%.
- the upper limit of Ti content is preferably 0.010%, and the lower limit is preferably 0.005%.
- the bend steel pipe according to the present embodiment contains each of the above elements in a specified range, and Ceq (carbon equivalent) obtained from the following formula (1) is 0.35% or more.
- Ceq C + Mn / 6 + (Cr + Mo + V) / 5 + (Cu + Ni) / 15 (1)
- each element symbol in the above formula (1) means the content (% by mass) of each element.
- Ceq is an index for evaluating the hardenability of the steel material. In order to obtain high strength even with a thick steel pipe having a wall thickness of 30 mm or more, Ceq is set to 0.35% or more.
- the balance of the chemical composition of the bend steel pipe according to this embodiment is Fe and impurities.
- An impurity means the component mixed by raw materials and other factors, such as an ore and a scrap, when manufacturing steel materials industrially.
- the bend steel pipe according to this embodiment has a high strength of X65 grade (YS: 450 to 600 MPa) conforming to API 5L / ISO 3183 and a Vickers hardness of 10 kgf test force conforming to ASTM E92 (2016). It is necessary to have a low hardness of 230 or less in (HV10). The strength and hardness must be excellent in both the straight pipe portion 2 and the bent portion 3.
- test specimens collected from the region A of the inner portion 3a, the region B of the outer portion 3b, and the region C sufficiently separated from the bent portion 3 of the straight pipe portion 2 are used.
- the region A is provided at the center of the inner portion 3 a
- the region B is provided at the center of the outer portion 3 b
- the region C is from the bent portion 3 of the straight pipe portion 2.
- it is provided at a position separated by 50 mm or more.
- For the tensile test take a round bar specimen of ASTM A370.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line aa in FIG. As shown in FIG.
- the Vickers hardness was measured at four locations (at intervals of 5 mm) at 1.5 mm positions (positions near the outer surface) from the outer surface of the bend steel pipe 1 for the specimens collected from the above three locations, and at the thickness center position. A total of 12 locations are measured: 4 locations (5 mm spacing) and 4 locations (5 mm spacing) 1.5 mm from the inner surface (position near the inner surface).
- the maximum Vickers hardness (HV10) at any of the position near the outer surface, the thickness center position, and the position near the inner surface in the regions A to C (particularly the regions A and B). ) Is 230 or less.
- the difference in Vickers hardness between the position near the outer surface and the thickness center position (difference between the four measurement positions in the circumferential direction), and the difference in Vickers hardness between the position near the inner surface and the thickness center position It is preferable that (the difference between the four measurement positions in the circumferential direction) is 30 or less, that is, the following expressions (2) and (3) are satisfied.
- Hv 10O -Hv 10M ⁇ 30 (3) Hv 10O -Hv 10M ⁇ 30 (3)
- the meaning of each symbol in the above formulas (2) and (3) is as follows.
- Hv 10I Vickers hardness (HV10) at a depth of 1.5 mm from the inner surface of the bent portion
- Hv 10M Vickers hardness (HV10) at the thickness center position of the bent portion
- Hv 10O Vickers hardness (HV10) at a depth of 1.5 mm from the outer surface of the bent portion
- the bend steel pipe which concerns on this embodiment has a metal structure which has bainite as a main component, for example.
- the metal structure mainly composed of bainite means a metal structure having an abundance ratio of bainite of 90% by volume or more.
- the martensite of less than 10 volume% etc. may be contained.
- the straight pipe may be manufactured by a known method.
- Mannesmann pipes that is, seamless steel pipes may be manufactured by piercing and rolling from billets adjusted to a predetermined chemical composition, and ERW steel pipes, spiral steel pipes, UO steel pipes, etc. from steel plates adjusted to a predetermined chemical composition
- a welded steel pipe may be manufactured.
- a steel pipe (straight pipe) having a predetermined chemical composition and a thickness of 30 mm or more (preferably 50 mm or less) is subjected to predetermined heating. Heat rapidly to temperature and bend immediately.
- the heating temperature is more than 1050 ° C. and not more than 1100 ° C.
- the heating temperature refers to the temperature of the outer surface of the steel pipe.
- the heating temperature can be measured by, for example, a radiation thermometer.
- the yield stress in the bending portion 3 is reduced.
- the heating temperature at the time of bending is set to be higher than 1050 ° C., preferably 1060 ° C. or higher.
- the heating temperature during bending is 1100 ° C. or lower, preferably 1090 ° C.
- bending immediately means, for example, performing bending after heating and before the temperature of the steel pipe decreases to 1050 ° C. or lower.
- the bending process is preferably performed after the heating and before the temperature of the steel pipe is lowered to less than 1060 ° C.
- the heating method for example, a high frequency induction heating method is used.
- the steel pipe can be locally and rapidly heated (for example, heated from room temperature (20 ° C.) to the aforementioned heating temperature at an average heating rate of 10 to 30 ° C./s).
- the heated predetermined portion can be bent immediately by performing heating and bending while feeding the steel pipe from the high frequency heating coil to the bending apparatus. In this way, it is considered that by performing high-temperature heating rapidly and in a short time, for example, the particle size after quenching becomes fine, leading to improvements in toughness and HIC resistance.
- the bend steel pipe 1 it is general to heat only the portion to be the bent portion 3 of the prepared straight pipe.
- the straight pipe portion 2 is not heated and the bent portion 3 is in a heated state, so that the heat history is not uniform as a whole.
- the mechanical characteristics and HIC resistance are improved. Variation may occur. Therefore, in the present invention, the heating at the time of bending is preferably performed over the entire length including the portion of the steel pipe that is not bent.
- the heated steel pipe (straight pipe) is bent so that the bending radius r (mm) of the bent portion 3 is 3 times or more of the outer diameter OD (mm) of the straight pipe portion 2, that is, 3 OD or more. It is said. If the bending radius r (mm) of the bent portion 3 is less than 3 OD, the difference in thickness between the inner portion 3a and the outer portion 3b of the bent portion becomes too large, and the variation in mechanical characteristics becomes too large.
- the upper limit of the bending radius r is not particularly defined, but if the bending radius is large, it is necessary to take a wide processing place during bending, and it is preferable to set it to 20 OD due to equipment limitations.
- the bending angle ⁇ may be designed under actual use conditions, and is practically 180 ° or less.
- the bend steel pipe 1 is cooled at an average cooling rate in the temperature range of 800 to 500 ° C. at 3 ° C./s or more.
- the average cooling rate of the bend steel pipe 1 in the temperature range is less than 3 ° C./s, there is a problem that the steel cannot be sufficiently quenched and the strength cannot be secured.
- a preferred lower limit of the average cooling rate is 5 ° C./s.
- Such a cooling rate can be realized, for example, by quickly water-cooling a bent steel pipe. From the end of the bending process to the start of cooling, it is preferable to make the time as short as possible so that the temperature of the bent steel pipe 1 is not lowered.
- thermo treatment After cooling, heat treatment (tempering) is performed in a temperature range of more than 500 ° C. and 600 ° C. or less.
- the bending process is performed at a relatively high temperature of more than 1050 ° C., thereby increasing the hardness at the center of the bent portion. Therefore, the hardness of the surface layer increases too much. For this reason, it is difficult to sufficiently reduce the hardness of the surface layer even if the bent steel pipe subjected to such a bending process is subjected to a heat treatment of 500 ° C. or less.
- the heat treatment temperature after cooling is preferably over 500 ° C., and particularly preferably 510 ° C. or higher.
- the heat treatment temperature is 600 ° C. or lower, preferably 580 ° C. or lower.
- the soaking time of the heat treatment is not particularly limited, but is preferably 70 to 130 minutes in order to reduce the hardness at the center of the thickness. There are no particular restrictions on the cooling conditions after the heat treatment, but air cooling is preferable.
- steel having the chemical composition shown in Table 1 was melted, and steel pipes (straight pipes) of various dimensions were manufactured by the Mannesmann pipe manufacturing method.
- bending was performed using a hot bending apparatus equipped with a high-frequency heating coil, a bending machine, and a cooling spray in this order. That is, while feeding the above steel pipe, it is heated to various temperatures over the entire length of the steel pipe by using a high-frequency induction heating coil (average rate of temperature increase: 10 to 30 ° C./s) and immediately bent into a predetermined portion of the heated steel pipe Then, after bending, cooling water was sprayed from the cooling spray onto the steel pipe and cooled to 500 ° C. or lower. At this time, the average cooling rate in the temperature range of 800 to 500 ° C. was 5 ° C./s or more.
- YS yield stress
- TS tensile strength
- the test force was 10 kgf, and the Vickers hardness (HV10) was measured.
- the push-in positions are four positions (5 mm intervals) at 1.5 mm positions (positions near the outer surface) from the outer surface of the steel pipe, four positions (5 mm intervals) at the thickness center position, and 1.5 mm positions from the inner surface.
- a total of 12 locations (4 mm locations at the inner surface) (5 mm intervals) were used.
- Table 2 shows the maximum value at each measurement location, with the outer surface of the steel pipe being 1.5 mm from the outer surface, the center of the wall thickness being “inside the wall”, and the inner surface being 1.5 mm from the inner surface is the “inner surface”. Yes.
- a bend steel pipe having high strength of X65 grade (YS: 450 to 600 MPa) and excellent HIC resistance can be obtained.
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Abstract
Description
化学組成が、質量%で、
C:0.04~0.08%、
Si:0.05~0.50%、
Mn:1.00~1.70%、
P:0.015%以下、
S:0.002%以下、
Cu:0~0.50%、
Ni:0~0.50%、
Cr:0~0.50%、
Mo:0~0.50%、
Sol.Al:0~0.10%、
Ca:0~0.0050%、
Nb:0~0.050%、
V:0~0.10%、
Ti:0~0.030%、
残部がFeおよび不純物であり、下記(1)式から求められるCeq:0.35%以上であり、
前記直管部および前記曲げ部において、降伏応力が450~600MPa、ビッカース硬さ(HV10)が230以下である、ベンド鋼管。
Ceq=C+Mn/6+(Cr+Mo+V)/5+(Cu+Ni)/15・・・(1)
ただし、上記(1)式中の各元素記号はそれぞれの元素の含有量(質量%)を意味する。
Cu:0.05~0.50%、
Ni:0.05~0.50%、
Cr:0.05~0.50%、
Mo:0.05~0.50%、
Sol.Al:0.001~0.10%、
Ca:0.0001~0.0050%、
Nb:0.001~0.050%、
V:0.01~0.10%および
Ti:0.005~0.030%
から選択される1種以上を含む、
上記〔1〕のベンド鋼管。
上記〔1〕または〔2〕のベンド鋼管。
Hv10I-Hv10M≦30・・・(2)
Hv10O-Hv10M≦30・・・(3)
ただし、上記(2)式および(3)式中の各記号の意味は下記のとおりである。
Hv10I:前記曲げ部の内面から1.5mm深さ位置におけるビッカース硬さ(HV10)
Hv10M:前記曲げ部の肉厚中心位置におけるビッカース硬さ(HV10)
Hv10O:前記曲げ部の外面から1.5mm深さ位置におけるビッカース硬さ(HV10)
上記〔1〕~〔3〕のいずれかのベンド鋼管。
上記〔1〕~〔4〕のいずれかのベンド鋼管。
(1)肉厚が30mm以上であり、上記〔1〕の化学組成を有する鋼管を1050℃超1100℃以下の所定の加熱温度に、10~30℃/sの平均昇温速度で加熱する工程、
(2)前記鋼管を、前記加熱する工程に引き続き直ちに、曲げ半径が前記鋼管の外径の3倍以上となるように曲げてベンド鋼管を得る工程、
(3)前記ベンド鋼管を、800~500℃の温度域における平均冷却速度が3℃/s以上で冷却する工程、および、
(4)前記ベンド鋼管に、500℃超600℃以下の温度範囲で熱処理する工程。
上記〔6〕のベンド鋼管の製造方法。
上記〔6〕または〔7〕のベンド鋼管の製造方法。
(1)形状
図1に示すように、本実施形態に係るベンド鋼管1は、直管部2と、曲げ部3とを備える。曲げ部3の曲げ半径r(mm)は、直管部2の外径OD(mm)の3倍以上、すなわち3OD以上である。曲げ部3の曲げ半径r(mm)が3OD未満であると、曲げ部の内側部分(腹側部分)3aと外側部分(背側部分)3bとで肉厚の差が大きくなり過ぎて、機械特性のバラつきが大きくなり過ぎる。曲げ半径rの上限は、特に定めないが、曲げ半径が大きいと曲げ加工時に加工場所を広くとる必要があり、設備上の制約から、20ODとするのが好ましい。曲げ角度θは、実際の使用条件に応じて設計すればよく、実用上は、180°以下である。なお、本実施形態においては、曲げ半径rは、ベンド鋼管1の中心を通る線(中心線)における曲げ半径を意味する。
本実施形態に係るベンド鋼管は、下記の化学組成を備える。なお、下記の説明において、含有量についての「%」は、「質量%」を意味する。
Cは、強度の上昇に有効な元素である。X65グレード以上の強度を有するために、その含有量は0.04%以上とする。一方、C含有量が過剰な場合、靭性が著しく低下して母材の機械的特性に悪影響を及ぼし、またスラブの表面傷の発生が増加する。このため、C含有量は0.08%以下とする。C含有量の上限は0.07%であることが望ましく、下限は0.05%であることが望ましい。
Siは、鋼の脱酸剤として用いられる元素であり、また鋼を強化するのに有効な元素であるため、その含有量は0.05%以上とする。一方、Si含有量が過剰な場合、靭性が著しく低下し、ベンド鋼管の機械的性質が低下する。このため、Si含有量は0.50%以下とする。Si含有量の上限は0.30%であることが望ましく、下限は0.10%であることが望ましい。
Mnは、鋼の強度および靱性を高めるのに有効であり、その含有量は1.00%以上とする。一方、Mn含有量が過剰な場合、靭性が低下するので、Mn含有量は1.70%以下とする。Mn含有量の上限は1.60%であることが望ましく、下限は1.20%であることが望ましい。
Pは、鋼中に不可避的に存在し、その含有量が過剰な場合には、耐食性を劣化させるので、その含有量は0.015%以下とする。P含有量の上限は0.013%であることが望ましい。
Sは、鋼中に不可避的に存在し、その含有量が過剰な場合には、母材の靭性を劣化させるので、その含有量は0.002%以下とする。
Ni:0~0.50%
Cr:0~0.50%
Cu、NiおよびCrは、いずれも固溶強化および焼入れ性向上に寄与する元素であり、靭性を大きく損なうことなく強度を高めることができるので、ベンド鋼管に含有させてもよい。しかし、Cu含有量が0.50%を超えると、Cuチェッキングが発生し、スラブの表面傷の原因となる。Ni含有量が0.50%を超えるとコストの上昇が顕著になる。Cr含有量が0.50%を超えると靭性が低下する。したがって、Cu、NiおよびCrのいずれの元素も、その含有量は0.50%以下とする。Cu、NiおよびCrのいずれの元素も、上記の効果を得るためには、0.05%以上含有させることが望ましい。Cu含有量の上限は0.30%であることが望ましく、下限は0.05%であることが望ましい。Ni含有量の上限は0.40%であることが望ましく、下限は0.05%であることが望ましい。Cr含有量の上限は0.40%であることが望ましく、下限は0.05%であることが望ましい。
Moは、靭性の劣化を抑制するとともに、強度を高める効果を有するので、ベンド鋼管に含有させてもよい。しかし、Mo含有量が0.50%を超えると、ベンド鋼管の敷設時の周溶接性が劣化するので、Mo含有量は0.50%以下とする。Mo含有量の上限は0.30%であることが望ましく、下限は0.05%であることが望ましい。
アルミニウム(Al)は、Nと結合して微細な窒化物を形成し、鋼の靱性を高めるので、ベンド鋼管に含有させてもよい。Alが少しでも含有されていれば、上記の効果が得られる。一方、Al含有量が過剰な場合、Al窒化物が粗大化し、鋼の靱性が低下する。したがって、Alを含有させる場合には、Sol.Al(酸可溶Al)として、その含有量は0.10%以下とする。Al含有量の下限は、好ましくは0.001%であり、さらに好ましくは0.01%である。Al含有量の上限は、好ましくは0.08%であり、さらに好ましくは0.06%である。
Caは、介在物の球状化に効果があり、水素誘起割れおよびラメラティアを防止するのに有効な元素であるので、ベンド鋼管に含有させてもよい。しかし、Ca含有量が0.0050%を超えるとこれらの効果は飽和するので、Ca含有量は0.0050%以下とする。Ca含有量の上限は0.0020%であることが望ましく、下限は0.0001%であることが望ましい。
V:0~0.10%
Ti:0~0.030%
Nb、VおよびTiは、いずれも析出強化および焼入れ性向上に寄与する元素であり、また、結晶粒を微細化して靭性を改善する元素であるので、ベンド鋼管に含有させてもよい。しかし、これらの元素の含有量が過剰な場合、溶接部の溶接金属の靭性が低下する。そこで、Nb含有量は0.050%以下、V含有量は0.10%以下、Ti含有量は0.030%以下とする。Nb含有量の上限は0.020%であることが望ましく、下限は0.001%であることが望ましい。V含有量の上限は0.07%であることが望ましく、下限は0.01%であることが望ましい。Ti含有量の上限は0.010%であることが望ましく、下限は0.005%であることが望ましい。
Ceq=C+Mn/6+(Cr+Mo+V)/5+(Cu+Ni)/15・・・(1)
ただし、上記(1)式中の各元素記号はそれぞれの元素の含有量(質量%)を意味する。
Ceqは、鋼材の焼入れ性を評価するための指標である。肉厚が30mm以上の厚肉の鋼管でも高強度を得るためにCeqを0.35%以上とする。
本実施形態に係るベンド鋼管は、API 5L/ISO 3183に準拠したX65グレード(YS:450~600MPa)の高強度と、ASTM E92(2016)に準拠した試験力10kgfのビッカース硬さ(HV10)で230以下の低硬度である必要がある。強度および硬度は、直管部2および曲げ部3の双方において優れている必要がある。
Hv10I-Hv10M≦30・・・(2)
Hv10O-Hv10M≦30・・・(3)
ただし、上記(2)式および(3)式中の各記号の意味は下記のとおりである。
Hv10I:前記曲げ部の内面から1.5mm深さ位置におけるビッカース硬さ(HV10)
Hv10M:前記曲げ部の肉厚中心位置におけるビッカース硬さ(HV10)
Hv10O:前記曲げ部の外面から1.5mm深さ位置におけるビッカース硬さ(HV10)
本実施形態に係るベンド鋼管は、例えば、ベイナイトを主体とする金属組織を有する。ベイナイトを主体とする金属組織とは、ベイナイトの存在比が90体積%以上である金属組織を意味する。残りの金属組織については制約がないが、例えば、10体積%未満のマルテンサイトなどが含まれていてもよい。
(a)直管の製造
本実施形態に係るベンド鋼管の製造方法において、直管は、公知の方法により製造すればよい。マンネスマン製管、すなわち、所定の化学組成に調整したビレットから穿孔圧延を行ってシームレス鋼管を製造してもよいし、所定の化学組成に調整した鋼板から電縫鋼管、スパイラル鋼管、UO鋼管などの溶接鋼管を製造してもよい。
本実施形態に係るベンド鋼管の製造方法においては、まず、厚さが30mm以上(好ましくは、50mm以下)であり、所定の化学組成を有する鋼管(直管)を所定の加熱温度に急速に加熱し、直ちに曲げ加工する。加熱温度は1050℃超1100℃以下である。ここで加熱温度は、鋼管外面の温度をいう。加熱温度は、例えば、放射温度計によって測定することができる。曲げ加工時の加熱温度が1050℃以下の場合には、得られたベンド鋼管1の曲げ部3の肉厚中心部における硬さが低下し、その後に焼入れを行ってもこの硬さを回復するのは困難である。その結果、曲げ部3における降伏応力が低下する。このようなベンド鋼管1に比較的高温の熱処理を実施すると、表面の硬さを低下させることはできるが、肉厚中心部の硬さを上昇させることはできない。結果として、X65グレード(YS:450~600MPa)の高強度材が得られない。よって、曲げ加工時の加熱温度を1050℃超とし、好ましくは、1060℃以上とする。一方、曲げ加工時の加熱温度が高すぎると、靱性が悪化するという問題がある。よって、曲げ加工時の加熱温度は、1100℃以下とし、好ましくは、1090℃以下とする。なお、本実施形態において、直ちに曲げ加工するとは、例えば、加熱後、鋼管の温度が1050℃以下に低下する前に曲げ加工を行うことをいう。曲げ加工は、加熱後に、鋼管の温度が1060℃未満に低下する前に行うことが好ましい。
曲げ加工後は、ベンド鋼管1を、800~500℃の温度域における平均冷却速度が3℃/s以上で冷却する。上記温度域におけるベンド鋼管1の平均冷却速度が、3℃/s未満の場合、十分に焼き入れされず強度が確保できないという問題がある。平均冷却速度の好ましい下限は、5℃/sである。このような冷却速度は、例えば曲げ加工された鋼管を速やかに水冷することで実現できる。曲げ加工終了から冷却開始までは、曲げ加工されたベンド鋼管1の温度が下がらないよう極力短時間とするのがよい。
冷却後は、500℃超600℃以下の温度範囲で熱処理(焼き戻し)する。本実施形態に係るベンド鋼管の製造方法においては、上記のように、1050℃超という比較的高温で曲げ加工を行うことにより、曲げ部の肉厚中心部における硬さを高くするものであるが、その分、表層の硬さは上昇しすぎる。このため、そのような曲げ加工をしたベンド鋼管に、500℃以下の熱処理を行っても、表層の硬さを十分に下げることが困難であり、特に、ベンド鋼管の曲げ部の外側部分3b(曲げ加工時に引張荷重が付与された部位)の硬さが高くなり、所望の耐HIC性が得られなくなる。よって、冷却後の熱処理温度は、500℃超とし、特に、510℃以上にすることが好ましい。一方、熱処理温度が高すぎると、強度が低下する。よって、熱処理温度は、600℃以下とし、好ましくは、580℃以下とする。熱処理の均熱時間は特に制約がないが、肉厚中心部における硬さを低下させるためには、70~130分とするのが好ましい。熱処理終了後の冷却条件は、特に制約がないが、空冷とするのがよい。
NACE TM 0284に従い、Solution Aに96hr浸漬して、割れが発生しなかったものを「○」、割れが発生したものを「×」として表2に示す。
各領域からASTM A370の丸棒試験片を採取し、引張試験を行い、降伏応力(YS)と引張強さ(TS)を測定した。
2 直管部
3 曲げ部
3a 曲げ部の内側部分
3b 曲げ部の外側部分
θ 曲げ角度
r 曲げ部の曲げ半径
OD 直管部の外径
Claims (8)
- 直管部と、前記直管部の外径の3倍以上の曲げ半径を有する曲げ部とを備え、肉厚が30mm以上のベンド鋼管であって、
化学組成が、質量%で、
C:0.04~0.08%、
Si:0.05~0.50%、
Mn:1.00~1.70%、
P:0.015%以下、
S:0.002%以下、
Cu:0~0.50%、
Ni:0~0.50%、
Cr:0~0.50%、
Mo:0~0.50%、
Sol.Al:0~0.10%、
Ca:0~0.0050%、
Nb:0~0.050%、
V:0~0.10%、
Ti:0~0.030%、
残部がFeおよび不純物であり、下記(1)式から求められるCeq:0.35%以上であり、
前記直管部および前記曲げ部において、降伏応力が450~600MPa、ビッカース硬さ(HV10)が230以下である、ベンド鋼管。
Ceq=C+Mn/6+(Cr+Mo+V)/5+(Cu+Ni)/15・・・(1)
ただし、上記(1)式中の各元素記号はそれぞれの元素の含有量(質量%)を意味する。 - 前記化学組成が、
Cu:0.05~0.50%、
Ni:0.05~0.50%、
Cr:0.05~0.50%、
Mo:0.05~0.50%、
Sol.Al:0.001~0.10%、
Ca:0.0001~0.0050%、
Nb:0.001~0.050%、
V:0.01~0.10%および
Ti:0.005~0.030%
から選択される1種以上を含む、
請求項1に記載のベンド鋼管。 - 下記(2)式および(3)式を満たす、
請求項1または2に記載のベンド鋼管。
Hv10I-Hv10M≦30・・・(2)
Hv10O-Hv10M≦30・・・(3)
ただし、上記(2)式および(3)式中の各記号の意味は下記のとおりである。
Hv10I:前記曲げ部の内面から1.5mm深さ位置におけるビッカース硬さ(HV10)
Hv10M:前記曲げ部の肉厚中心位置におけるビッカース硬さ(HV10)
Hv10O:前記曲げ部の外面から1.5mm深さ位置におけるビッカース硬さ(HV10) - シームレス鋼管である、
請求項1から3までのいずれかに記載のベンド鋼管。 - 肉厚が50mm以下である、
請求項1から4までのいずれかに記載のベンド鋼管。 - 下記の(1)~(4)の工程を順に行う、請求項1に記載のベンド鋼管の製造方法。
(1)肉厚が30mm以上であり、請求項1に記載の化学組成を有する鋼管を1050℃超1100℃以下の所定の加熱温度に、10~30℃/sの平均昇温速度で加熱する工程、
(2)前記鋼管を、前記加熱する工程に引き続き直ちに、曲げ半径が前記鋼管の外径の3倍以上となるように曲げてベンド鋼管を得る工程、
(3)前記ベンド鋼管を、800~500℃の温度域における平均冷却速度が3℃/s以上で冷却する工程、および、
(4)前記ベンド鋼管に、500℃超600℃以下の温度範囲で熱処理する工程。 - 前記(1)の工程において、前記鋼管の全長に亘って加熱する、
請求項6に記載のベンド鋼管の製造方法。 - 前記(2)の工程において、曲げ角度が20°以上となるように曲げる、
請求項6または7に記載のベンド鋼管の製造方法。
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