WO2018210089A1 - 双作用α型斯特林制冷机 - Google Patents

双作用α型斯特林制冷机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018210089A1
WO2018210089A1 PCT/CN2018/083455 CN2018083455W WO2018210089A1 WO 2018210089 A1 WO2018210089 A1 WO 2018210089A1 CN 2018083455 W CN2018083455 W CN 2018083455W WO 2018210089 A1 WO2018210089 A1 WO 2018210089A1
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Prior art keywords
piston
cylinder
cavity
magnet
double
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PCT/CN2018/083455
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
宁利平
宁伟洁
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宁利平
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Application filed by 宁利平 filed Critical 宁利平
Priority to US16/346,122 priority Critical patent/US10760826B2/en
Publication of WO2018210089A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018210089A1/zh

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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B9/00Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
    • F25B9/14Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the cycle used, e.g. Stirling cycle
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04BPOSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B39/00Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
    • F04B39/0005Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00 adaptations of pistons
    • F04B39/0016Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00 adaptations of pistons with valve arranged in the piston
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04BPOSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B7/00Piston machines or pumps characterised by having positively-driven valving
    • F04B7/04Piston machines or pumps characterised by having positively-driven valving in which the valving is performed by pistons and cylinders coacting to open and close intake or outlet ports
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2500/00Problems to be solved
    • F25B2500/22Preventing, detecting or repairing leaks of refrigeration fluids
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2500/00Problems to be solved
    • F25B2500/22Preventing, detecting or repairing leaks of refrigeration fluids
    • F25B2500/221Preventing leaks from developing

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to refrigerator technology, and more particularly to a double-acting alpha-type Stirling refrigerator.
  • the present invention proposes a double-acting Stirling refrigerator. It solves the defect that the traditional ⁇ -type Stirling refrigerator has easy leakage and low life. And it becomes a double action from a single action, which improves the mechanical efficiency.
  • a double-acting ⁇ -type Stirling refrigerator includes a piston cylinder and a piston, wherein the piston is disposed in the piston cylinder, and the upper and lower ends of the piston cylinder are closed, and a cylinder vent is respectively disposed at a closed position at the upper and lower ends of the piston cylinder;
  • the piston is in clearance fit with the inner wall of the piston cylinder, and a closed cavity is formed inside the piston.
  • a pressure relief pipe is disposed in the cavity of the piston, and a through hole corresponding to the outlet of the pressure relief pipe is respectively disposed between the upper and lower surfaces of the piston and the side wall;
  • each outlet of the pressure relief pipe is correspondingly disposed in each through hole and matched with the size thereof, so that the inside of the pressure relief pipe communicates with the piston cylinder inner cavity outside the piston;
  • An air outlet for connecting the piston cavity to the inner cavity of the piston cylinder is further disposed on the side wall of the piston.
  • the structure of the original piston plus piston ring is replaced by a gap-tight and gas-lubricated piston.
  • a traction frame movable relative to the piston cylinder is disposed outside the piston cylinder, and the movement is controlled by the movement of the traction frame The movement of the plug.
  • the one-way air outlet valve is disposed on the upper and lower portions of the pressure relief pipe corresponding to the upper and lower surfaces of the piston, so that the air flow can only flow along the middle of the pressure relief pipe toward the upper and lower end faces of the piston and flow into the piston cylinder cavity.
  • the one-way intake valve is disposed on the side wall of the pressure relief pipe outside the one-way air outlet valve or on the upper and lower end faces of the piston
  • the inner cavity of the piston cylinder is in communication with the interior of the piston cavity; the one-way intake valve allows gas to enter the piston cavity only from the interior of the piston cylinder.
  • a flow guiding groove is arranged on the outer side wall of the piston, and the guiding groove surrounds the piston one week, and the air outlet holes of the pressure relief pipe on the side wall of the piston are connected together.
  • the diversion chute allows the gas flowing out of the vent to be easily collected and flow into the pressure relief pipe.
  • a piston magnet is arranged at the bottom of the piston, and a traction magnet is arranged on the traction frame, and the traction magnet is arranged corresponding to the piston magnet; the two magnets are moved by the same magnetic force. Except for magnets, other components are not magnetically
  • the piston magnet is a disk-shaped middle hole with a strong magnet, and the traction magnet is a ring-shaped strong magnet; the two magnets have the same thickness.
  • the two magnets are at the same height and are disposed opposite each other such that the piston magnet is stabilized at the center of the traction magnet.
  • a permalloy sheet or a silicon steel sheet of the same shape may be added to the magnet poles to collect magnetism for greater force.
  • Both ends of the strong magnet are magnetized with a ferromagnetic material to enhance the force between the magnets, thereby reducing the amount of magnet used.
  • crank linkage mechanism that is hinged to one end of the link of the crank linkage mechanism.
  • Each set of piston cylinders and pistons is one set, the upper vents of the two piston cylinders are connected, the lower vents are connected, and the regenerator and heat exchanger are arranged on the pipeline at the joint; two pistons The traction frames on the cylinders are respectively connected to the same crank linkage.
  • phase difference reduces the maximum pressure difference between the two systems, and makes the ratio of the cold and hot cylinder volume equal to the ratio of the low temperature to the high temperature to be cooled.
  • the invention changes the traditional ⁇ -type Stirling from single action to double action, which improves the mechanical efficiency and transforms the working medium into a completely internal circulation without leakage pollution.
  • the magnetism of the ferromagnetic material at both ends of the strong magnet can enhance the force between the magnets, thereby reducing the amount of magnet used.
  • the piston adopts the new self-lubricating gas bearing support technology. Compared with the gas bearing in the free piston Stirling, the air outlets at both ends will always be out in any state, and the film stiffness is stable, so that the non-stop operation becomes permanent. No friction, the machine structure is simple and stable, efficient, longevity.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a flow of a gas flow above a piston with a high pressure
  • FIG. 3 is a flow diagram of the flow of the upper and lower end faces of the piston which are lower than the internal pressure ⁇ of the piston;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the flow of the gas under the piston with a high pressure;
  • Figure 5 is a schematic view of the operation of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a process diagram of an operation state of a refrigeration system
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing changes in system operating pressure.
  • the gas from the side wall outlet 4 of the lower part of the piston 2 flows up and down, on the one hand, through the pressure relief pipe 5, to the lower low pressure chamber, and on the other hand directly from the gap between the piston 2 and the piston cylinder 1 to the lower portion. In the low pressure chamber.
  • Each set of piston cylinders and pistons is a set of refrigeration system, the upper vents of the two piston cylinders are connected, the lower vents are connected, and the pipelines at the connection are provided with a regenerator and a heat exchanger.
  • the traction frames on the two piston cylinders are respectively connected to the same crank linkage.
  • the upper cavity of the first cylinder and the upper cavity of the second cylinder form a system A, which is composed of a lower cavity of the first cylinder and a lower cavity of the second cylinder.
  • System ⁇ unified left side is the first cylinder block, and right side is the second cylinder block.
  • the first cylinder piston is in an initial state at the uppermost portion, and from the state 1 to the state 2, the flywheel rotates 90 degrees along the boring needle, which is a gas-moving process, and the first cylinder lower cavity gas passes through the heat exchanger 12 ⁇ .
  • the system to be cooled absorbs heat, and the cold accumulator 13 is used to leave the cold amount in the regenerator 13 through the high temperature heat exchanger, without heat exchange.
  • the gas in the upper chamber of the second cylinder passes through the heat exchanger 12, dissipates heat in the environment, is cooled by the regenerator 13 ⁇ to the system temperature, and passes through the low temperature heat exchanger 12, without heat exchange.
  • the flywheel rotates from a 90 degree angle to 180 degrees
  • system A is an expansion and cooling process, mainly occurring in the first cylinder, which reduces the gas in the upper chamber of the first cylinder and lowers the temperature.
  • system B is a compression heating process, mainly occurring in the second cylinder, which causes the temperature of the gas in the lower chamber of the second cylinder to rise above the ambient temperature.
  • the flywheel rotates from a 180 degree angle to 270 degrees.
  • the cavity gas on the first cylinder body passes through the heat exchanger 12 and absorbs heat to the system to be cooled, passing through the regenerator 13 ⁇ , the cold amount is left in the regenerator 13 through the high temperature heat exchanger, no heat exchange, and finally enters the upper chamber of the second cylinder.
  • the gas in the lower chamber of the second cylinder passes through the heat exchanger 12, dissipates heat in the environment, cools to the system temperature through the regenerator 13 ⁇ , and passes through the low temperature heat exchanger 12 ⁇ , without heat exchange.
  • the flywheel is rotated from a 270 degree angle to 360 degrees
  • system A is a compression heating process, mainly occurring in the second cylinder, which causes the temperature of the gas in the upper chamber of the second cylinder to heat up and Above ambient temperature
  • System B is the expansion and cooling process, which occurs mainly in the first cylinder. This process cools the gas in the lower chamber of the first cylinder and is lower than the system temperature.
  • the first cylinder is a cold cylinder throughout the process, and is mainly expanded.
  • the second cylinder is a hot cylinder, which is mainly compressed.
  • the pressure change diagram of the refrigeration system and the piston cavity is based on the ratio of the cold-hot cylinder volume ratio equal to the ratio of the low temperature T to the high temperature T of the desired refrigeration.
  • the initial state of the first cylinder piston at the uppermost portion P0 is the pressure change in the piston cavity.
  • P1 is the pressure change in the A system
  • P2 is the pressure change within the B system.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Compressors, Vaccum Pumps And Other Relevant Systems (AREA)
  • Devices That Are Associated With Refrigeration Equipment (AREA)

Abstract

一种双作用α型斯特林制冷机,包括活塞缸(1)和活塞(2),活塞(2)设在活塞缸(1)中,活塞(2)与活塞缸(1)内壁之间间隙配合,活塞(2)内部形成一个封闭的空腔,活塞空腔中设有十字形的四通管道,在活塞空腔中的四通管道上还分别设置有单向出气阀(3)和单向进气阀(10);在活塞(2)上设有让活塞空腔与活塞缸(1)内腔相连通的出气孔;在活塞缸(1)外部设有可相对于活塞缸(1)运动的牵引架(8),通过牵引架(8)的移动来控制活塞(2)的运动。该制冷机提高了机械效率,使工质形成内部循环从而避免了泄露污染。

Description

双作用 (X型斯特林制冷机
技术领域
[0001] 本发明涉及制冷机技术, 尤其涉及一种双作用 α型斯特林制冷机。
背景技术
[0002] 长期以来, 制冷一直都是利用制冷剂通过压缩机来实现。 作为制冷温区广, 理 论效率最高的斯特林制冷只用在某些深低温制冷中。 其中自由活塞式斯特林制 冷机稳定性高, 但实际效率偏低, 成本又较高, 难以推广普及。 α型斯特林制冷 机构造简单, 效率相对较高, 但由于其活塞为无油动密封, 工质易泄露污染, 寿命相对较低。
技术问题
[0003] 针对以上技术问题, 本发明提出了一种双作用斯特林制冷机。 解决了传统 α型 斯特林制冷机工质易泄露污染, 寿命较低的缺陷。 并由单作用变成双作用, 提 高了机械效率。
问题的解决方案
技术解决方案
[0004] 本发明的技术方案是:
[0005] 双作用 α型斯特林制冷机, 包括活塞缸和活塞, 活塞设在活塞缸中, 活塞缸的 上下两端封闭, 在活塞缸上下两端封闭处分别设有缸体通气口; 所述活塞与活 塞缸内壁之间间隙配合, 所述活塞内部形成一个封闭的空腔。
[0006] 活塞的空腔中设有泄压管道, 在活塞的上下表面和侧壁中间分别幵设有与泄压 管道的出口相对应的通孔;
[0007] 泄压管道的各个出口分别对应设置在各通孔中并与其大小相配合, 使得泄压管 道内部与活塞外部的活塞缸内腔相连通;
[0008] 在活塞的侧壁上还幵设有让活塞空腔与活塞缸内腔相连通的出气孔。 用间隙密 封加气体润滑的活塞代替原来的活塞加活塞环的构造。
[0009] 在活塞缸外部设有可相对于活塞缸运动的牵引架, 通过牵弓 I架的移动来控制活 塞的运动。
[0010] 还设置有单向出气阀和单向进气阀;
[0011] 其中, 单向出气阀设置在对应活塞上、 下表面的泄压管道的上部和下部, 使得 气流只能顺着泄压管道的中部向着活塞上下两端面流动并流入活塞缸内腔中;
[0012] 单向进气阀设置在单向出气阀外侧的泄压管道侧壁上或活塞的上下两个端面上
, 使得活塞缸内腔与活塞空腔内部相连通; 单向进气阀使得气体只能从活塞缸 内腔进入活塞空腔中。
[0013] 活塞外侧壁上设有导流槽, 导流槽环绕活塞一周, 并将泄压管道在活塞侧壁上 的出气孔连在一起。 该导流槽可让出气孔流出的气体便于收集并流入泄压管道 中。
[0014] 在活塞的底部设有活塞磁铁, 在牵引架上设有牵引磁铁, 牵引磁铁与活塞磁铁 相对应设置; 两块磁铁之间通过磁力同吋运动。 除磁铁外, 其它部件均不导磁
[0015] 活塞磁铁为圆片形中间带孔强磁铁, 牵引磁铁为圆环状强磁铁; 两块磁铁厚度 相同。
[0016] 两块磁铁异极处在同一高度且相对设置, 使得活塞磁铁稳定在牵引磁铁的中心 位置。 可在磁铁两极加形状相同的坡莫合金片或硅钢片来聚磁以获得更大的作 用力。 强磁铁两端用铁磁性材料聚磁来增强磁铁间的作用力, 从而减小磁铁的 使用量。
[0017] 还包括曲柄连杆机构, 前述牵引架与曲柄连杆机构的连杆一端铰接在一起。
[0018] 每两组活塞缸和活塞为一套, 两个活塞缸的上部通气口相连接, 下部通气口之 间相连接, 连接处的管线上设有蓄冷器和换热器; 两个活塞缸上的牵引架分别 连接在同一曲柄连杆机构上。
[0019] 适当加大相位差降低两套系统的最大压强差, 并使冷热缸体积比等于所要制冷 的低温和高温的比值。
[0020] 工作原理: 气体膨胀对外做功, 温度降低, 压缩气体做功, 温度升高。 系统使 气体在低温进膨胀, 对所要制冷的环境吸热, 在高温吋压缩, 向外界环境放热 发明的有益效果
有益效果
[0021] 本发明的有益效果是
[0022] 本发明把传统的 α型斯特林由单作用变成双作用, 提高了其机械效率, 使工质 转变为完全内部循环而无泄露污染的弊端。 强磁铁两端用铁磁性材料聚磁能够 增强磁铁间的作用力, 从而减小磁铁的使用量。 活塞采用新型自润滑气体轴承 支撑技术, 相比自由活塞式斯特林中的气体轴承, 能够使两端的出气孔在任何 状态下都会一直出气, 且气膜刚度稳定, 使无停止运行变为永不摩擦, 整机构 造简单稳定, 高效, 长寿。
对附图的简要说明
附图说明
[0023] 图 1是本发明的结构剖示图;
[0024] 图 2是活塞上方压强高吋的气流流动示意图;
[0025] 图 3是活塞上下两端面的压强都低于活塞内部压强吋的气流流动示意图; [0026] 图 4是活塞下方压强高吋的气流流动示意图;
[0027] 图 5是本发明的运转工作示意图;
[0028] 图 6是制冷系统运转状态过程图;
[0029] 图 7是系统工作压强变化示意图。
[0030] 其中, 1、 活塞缸, 2、 活塞, 3、 单向出气阀, 4、 侧壁出气孔, 5、 泄压管道
, 6、 活塞磁铁, 7、 牵引磁铁, 8、 牵引架, 9、 缸体通气口, 10、 单向进气阀 , 11、 导流槽, 12、 换热器, 13、 蓄冷器, 14、 曲柄连杆机构。
实施该发明的最佳实施例
本发明的最佳实施方式
[0031] 下面对本发明的内容进行更加详细的阐述:
[0032] 活塞的储气腔在各状态下的气体流向情况如下:
[0033] 如图 1、 2所示: 当活塞 2上方的压强高于活塞空腔压强吋, 气体从上部的单向 进气阀 10进入到活塞空腔, 此吋上部的单向出气阀 3关闭; 活塞空腔中压强较高 , 活塞 2上部的侧壁出气孔 4出来的气体因上部压强高, 只能向下运动, 再流入 中间的泄压管道 5中, 此吋下部的单向出气阀 3打幵, 单向进气阀 10关闭; 气体 流到下部的低压腔。 活塞 2下部的侧壁出气孔 4出来的气体则会上下流动, 一方 面通过泄压管道 5流到下部的低压腔中, 另一方面直接从活塞 2与活塞缸 1之间的 间隙流到下部低压腔中。
[0034] 当活塞 2上下两端面的压强都低于活塞内部压强吋, 单向进气阀 10全部关闭, 只有压强更低的活塞 2—端的单向出气阀 3打幵, 另一端的单向出气阀 3关闭。 此 吋气体通过活塞 2与活塞缸 1之间的间隙及泄压管道 5流到活塞缸 1的内腔中。 如 图 3所示, 此吋活塞 2上端的压强更低。
[0035] 如图 4所示: 当活塞 2下方的压强高于活塞空腔的压强吋, 气体从下部的单向进 气阀 10进入到活塞空腔, 此吋下部的单向出气阀 3关闭, 活塞空腔中压强较高, 活塞 2的侧壁出气孔 4出来的气体因下部压强高而只能向上流动; 再通过中间的 泄压管道 5流到上部的低压腔中, 上部活塞 2的侧壁出气孔 4出来的气体则会上下 流动, 一方面通过泄压管道 5流到上部的低压腔中, 另一方面直接从活塞 2与活 塞缸 1之间的间隙流到上部低压腔中。
[0036] 综上所述: 只要设备在运转, 压强就一直在变化, 活塞 2侧壁的出气孔 4在任何 状态下都会有气体流出, 活塞 2只要一直出气体便可以永无摩擦的运转。
[0037] 如图 5、 6所示,
[0038] 运转过程:
[0039] 每两组活塞缸和活塞为一套组成制冷系统, 两个活塞缸的上部通气口相连接, 下部通气口之间相连接, 连接处的管线上设有有蓄冷器和换热器; 两个活塞缸 上的牵引架分别连接在同一曲柄连杆机构上。
[0040] 以飞轮顺吋针旋转为例, 第一缸体的上空腔与第二缸体的上空腔组成系统 A, 由第一缸体的下空腔与第二缸体的下空腔组成系统^ 统一左边为第一缸体, 右 边为第二缸体。
[0041] 以第一缸体活塞在最上部为初始状态, 由状态 1到状态 2, 飞轮顺吋针旋转 90度 , 为移气过程, 第一缸体下空腔气体通过换热器 12吋对所要制冷的系统吸热, 通过蓄冷器 13吋, 把冷量留在蓄冷器 13中, 通过高温换热器吋, 没有热量交换 , 最后进入到第二缸体下腔。 第二缸体上腔的气体通过换热器 12, 把热量散在 环境中, 通过蓄冷器 13吋降温至系统温度, 通过低温换热器 12吋, 没有热量交 换。
[0042] 由状态 2到状态 3, 飞轮从 90度角旋转至 180度, 系统 A为膨胀降温过程, 主要发 生在第一缸体中, 此过程使第一缸体上腔的气体降温并低于系统温度; 系统 B为 压缩升温过程, 主要发生在第二缸体中, 此过程使第二缸体下腔中气体温度升 温并高于环境温度。
[0043] 由状态 3到状态 4, 飞轮从 180度角旋转至 270度, 为移气过程, 第一缸体上空腔 气体通过换热器 12吋对所要制冷的系统吸热, 通过蓄冷器 13吋, 把冷量留在蓄 冷器 13中, 通过高温换热器吋, 没有热量交换, 最后进入到第二缸体上腔。 第 二缸体下腔的气体通过换热器 12, 把热量散在环境中, 通过蓄冷器 13吋降温至 系统温度, 通过低温换热器 12吋, 没有热量交换。
[0044] 由状态 4到状态 1, 飞轮从 270度角旋转至 360度, 系统 A为压缩升温过程, 主要 发生在第二缸体中, 此过程使第二缸体上腔中气体温度升温并高于环境温度。 系统 B为膨胀降温过程, 主要发生在第一缸体中, 此过程使第一缸体下腔的气体 降温并低于系统温度。
[0045] 整个过程中第一缸体为冷缸, 以膨胀为主。 第二缸体为热缸, 以压缩为主。
[0046] 如图 7所示, 制冷系统与活塞空腔的压强大致变化图, 以冷热缸体积比等于所 要制冷的低温 T与高温 T之间的比值为基础。 以第一缸体活塞在最上部为初始状 态 P0为活塞空腔内的压强变化,
[0047] P1为 A系统内的压强变化,
[0048] P2为 B系统内的压强变化。

Claims

权利要求书 双作用 型斯特林制冷机, 包括活塞缸和活塞, 活塞设在活塞缸中, 活塞缸的上下两端封闭, 在活塞缸上下两端封闭处分别设有缸体通气 口; 其特征在于, 所述活塞与活塞缸内壁之间间隙配合, 所述活塞内 部形成一个封闭的空腔, 活塞的空腔中设有泄压管道, 在活塞的上下 表面和侧壁中间分别幵设有与泄压管道的出口相对应的通孔; 泄压管 道的各个出口分别对应设置在各通孔中并与其大小相配合, 使得泄压 管道内部与活塞外部的活塞缸内腔相连通; 在活塞的侧壁上还幵设有 让活塞空腔与活塞缸内腔相连通的出气孔; 在活塞缸外部设有可相对 于活塞缸运动的牵引架, 通过牵弓 I架的移动来控制活塞的运动。 根据权利要求 1所述的双作用 a型斯特林制冷机, 其特征在于, 还设置 有单向出气阀和单向进气阀; 其中, 单向出气阀设置在对应活塞上、 下表面的泄压管道的上部和下部, 使得气流只能顺着泄压管道的中部 向着活塞上下两端面流动并流入活塞缸内腔中; 单向进气阀设置在单 向出气阀外侧的泄压管道侧壁上或活塞的上下两个端面上, 使得活 塞缸内腔与活塞空腔内部相连通; 单向进气阀使得气体只能从活塞缸 内腔进入活塞空腔中。
根据权利要求 2所述的双作用 α型斯特林制冷机, 其特征在于, 活塞外 侧壁上设有导流槽, 导流槽环绕活塞一周, 并将活塞侧壁上的泄压管 道出口对应的通孔连在一起。
根据权利要求 3所述的双作用 α型斯特林制冷机, 其特征在于, 在活塞 的底部设有活塞磁铁, 在牵引架上设有牵引磁铁, 牵引磁铁与活塞磁 铁相对应设置; 两块磁铁之间通过磁力同吋运动。
根据权利要求 4所述的双作用 α型斯特林制冷机, 其特征在于, 活塞磁 铁为圆片形中间带孔强磁铁, 牵引磁铁为圆环状强磁铁; 两块磁铁厚 度相同。
根据权利要求 5所述的双作用 α型斯特林制冷机, 其特征在于, 两块磁 铁异极处在同一高度且相对设置, 使得活塞磁铁稳定在牵弓 I磁铁的中 心位置。
[权利要求 7] 根据权利要求 6所述的双作用 α型斯特林制冷机, 其特征在于, 强磁铁 上设有增强磁铁间作用力的铁磁性材料。
[权利要求 8] 根据权利要求 1-7任意一项所述的双作用 α型斯特林制冷机, 其特征在 于, 还包括曲柄连杆机构, 前述牵引架与曲柄连杆机构的连杆一端铰 接在一起。
[权利要求 9] 根据权利要求 8所述的双作用 α型斯特林制冷机, 其特征在于, 每两组 活塞缸和活塞为一套, 两个活塞缸的上部通气口相连接, 下部通气口 之间相连接, 连接处的管线上设有蓄冷器和换热器; 两个活塞缸上的 牵引架分别连接在同一曲柄连杆机构上。
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