WO2018195997A1 - 一种聚苯乙烯泡沫密化回收装置及其工作方法 - Google Patents

一种聚苯乙烯泡沫密化回收装置及其工作方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018195997A1
WO2018195997A1 PCT/CN2017/082602 CN2017082602W WO2018195997A1 WO 2018195997 A1 WO2018195997 A1 WO 2018195997A1 CN 2017082602 W CN2017082602 W CN 2017082602W WO 2018195997 A1 WO2018195997 A1 WO 2018195997A1
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Prior art keywords
oil bath
polystyrene
oil
polystyrene foam
heat transfer
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PCT/CN2017/082602
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈颂华
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陈颂华
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Application filed by 陈颂华 filed Critical 陈颂华
Priority to CN201780087446.4A priority Critical patent/CN110461928B/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2017/082602 priority patent/WO2018195997A1/zh
Publication of WO2018195997A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018195997A1/zh

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J11/00—Recovery or working-up of waste materials
    • C08J11/04—Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers
    • C08J11/06—Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers without chemical reactions
    • C08J11/08—Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers without chemical reactions using selective solvents for polymer components
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of polystyrene foam recovery technology, and more particularly to a polystyrene foam densification recovery device and a method for its operation.
  • EPS foam board also known as polystyrene foam board, EPS board
  • EPS board is a light polymer. It is a foamed plastic which is added with a polystyrene resin and is softened by heating with the same heat to form a rigid closed-cell structure. It is mainly used for building walls, roof insulation, composite board insulation, cold storage, air conditioning. , vehicles, ship insulation, floor heating, decorative carving and other fields.
  • This one-time use of EPS is a great waste of resources. According to a review article, among the waste plastics in the world, EPS accounts for about half of the volume, and the annual discard amount is more than one million tons. Since the EPS foam board is not easy to degrade itself after being discarded, it has caused great pollution to the environment.
  • EPS recycling mainly involves crushing and recycling.
  • Hot melt recovery and chemical recovery no matter what kind of recovery method needs to be concentrated to reduce the recovery cost, due to the small density of polystyrene foam board, if the polystyrene foam board is directly transported and transported to the centralized recycling site, The freight required for it has far exceeded its own value. Therefore, there is a need for a polystyrene foam densification recovery device which is simple in structure, easy to implement, and low in cost, and realizes defoaming and volume reduction of polystyrene foam.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a polystyrene foam densification recovery device which is simple in structure, easy to implement, and low in cost, and a working method thereof.
  • the polystyrene foam densification recovery device comprises: an oil bath, wherein the oil bath contains a heat transfer oil, and the heat transfer oil has a density of not more than 0.95 g/cm 3 .
  • the top of the oil bath is provided with a feed port for adding a polystyrene foam block, and heat is used in the oil bath by using a crucible.
  • the temperature of the oil is heated to 150. C to 180. Between C, so that the polystyrene foam block placed in the oil bath is heated and melted into liquid polystyrene, and the air in the polystyrene foam block overflows.
  • the density of the liquid polystyrene is greater than the density of the heat transfer oil, the liquid is aggregated. Styrene settles to the bottom of the oil bath. After a certain amount of liquid polystyrene accumulates at the bottom of the oil bath, the oil bath stops heating, so that the heat transfer oil cools down and the liquid polystyrene cools down to become solid polystyrene, due to solid polystyrene.
  • the density of ethylene is about 1.04 g/cm3, which is greater than the density of the cooling heat transfer oil. Therefore, the solid polystyrene will be deposited on the bottom of the oil bath, and the solid polystyrene can be taken out to complete the defoaming of the polystyrene foam. Reduce volume.
  • the polystyrene foam densification recovery device further includes a cooling tank, wherein the cooling tank contains water for cooling, and the bottom end of the oil bath is provided with a closable discharge port, and the bottom of the oil bath is accumulated. After a certain amount of liquid polystyrene, the oil bath stops heating, and the oil bath is moved to the bottom of the oil bath, the discharge port is lower than the cooling water level in the cooling tank, and the discharge port at the bottom end of the oil bath is made of liquid polystyrene. The cooling water flowing out into the cooling tank is cooled by the cooling water to form solid polystyrene.
  • the solid polystyrene Since the density of the solid polystyrene is greater than the density of the cooling medium water, the solid polystyrene will be deposited at the bottom of the cooling tank by the oil bath. The small amount of heat transfer oil discharged will float up to the surface of the water because of its density lower than the density of water, and it is easy to get in and out of the recovery.
  • the polystyrene foam densification recovery device further includes a lifting device for driving the oil bath to lift and lower, so that the oil bath can be raised and lowered above the cooling tank, and the oil bath is heated.
  • the bath is placed above the cooling tank, and the oil bath stops heating.
  • the lifting device drives the oil bath to descend into the cooling tank, which is easy to operate.
  • the polystyrene foam densification recovery device further includes an induced draft fan and an exhaust hood, the exhaust hood is disposed above the oil bath, and the inlet end of the induced draft fan passes through the pipeline and the exhaust The cover is communicated so that the gas discharged from the oil bath is exhausted by the exhaust hood and the air blower.
  • the polystyrene foam densification recovery device further includes a cooling tank placement frame, the cooling groove is disposed on the cooling trough mounting frame, and the bottom end of the cooling trough mounting frame is provided with a plurality of universal wheels for facilitating movement Cooling tank.
  • the lifting device includes a hoisting motor and a wire rope, and a bottom end of the wire rope is fixedly connected to the oil bath groove, and a top end of the wire rope is fixedly connected with an output shaft of the hoisting motor, so that the roll When the motor rotates, the wire rope is wound up, which can drive the oil bath to lift and lower.
  • the working method of the above polystyrene foam densification recovery device comprises the following steps: [0011] A, close the discharge port at the bottom end of the oil bath, add an appropriate amount of heat transfer oil to the oil bath, start the oil bath to heat, so that the temperature of the heat transfer oil is maintained between 150 ° C and 180 ° C; A polystyrene foam block is added inside, and the polystyrene foam block floats on the surface of the heat transfer oil.
  • the liquid polystyrene at the bottom of the oil bath accumulates to a preset amount ⁇ , stops heating the oil bath, starts the hoisting motor to drive the oil bath to descend, and when the oil bath is lowered to the bottom end of the discharge port is placed in the cooling water
  • the inner crucible stops falling, the oil bath is hovered, the discharge port of the oil bath is smashed, the liquid polystyrene flows into the cooling water through the discharge port, and is cooled by the cooling water to become solid polystyrene, and is deposited in the cooling.
  • the bottom of the tank; the heat transfer oil flowing out of the liquid polystyrene floats to the surface of the cooling water.
  • the heat-conducting oil and the cooling water block the air, avoiding contact with the air again, and greatly improving the densification efficiency;
  • the density of the heat transfer oil is smaller than the density of the cold water, so that the heat transfer oil flowing out of the liquid polystyrene floats on the surface of the cooling water and is easy to recover;
  • the hoisting motor drives the oil bath to lift and lower, so that the polystyrene is melted, During the curing process, it is completely isolated from the air, which improves the densification efficiency;
  • the oil bath is heated at 150 °C to 180 °C to avoid the loss of heat transfer oil vaporization, save costs and protect the environment; (5) Oil The bath can be raised and lowered to heat the oil bath, and the oil bath is placed above the cooling tank to reduce heat loss and save energy; (6)
  • the polystyrene foam is defoamed and reduced by using heat transfer oil and cooling water.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of an oil bath of a polystyrene foam densification recovery apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention in a heated state;
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the structure of the oil bath of the polystyrene foam densification recovery apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention in a cooled state;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view showing an oil bath of a polystyrene foam densification recovery apparatus according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention in a heated state; [0020] FIG.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the structure of the oil bath of the polystyrene foam densification recovery apparatus of the second embodiment of the present invention in a cooled state.
  • oil bath 1 heat transfer oil 11, discharge port 12, cooling tank 2, cooling water 21, cooling tank mounting frame 22, universal wheel 23, polystyrene foam block 31, liquid polystyrene 32 , solid polystyrene 33, air 34, induced draft fan 41, exhaust hood 42, column 43, beam 44, winch motor 45, output shaft 46, wire rope 47
  • the polystyrene foam densification recovery apparatus of the present embodiment includes a cylindrical oil bath tank 1, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 2, the cylindrical oil bath tank 1 is a non-compulsory circulation type heat transfer system, and an oil bath tank 1 contains heat transfer oil, using electric heating to control the temperature of the heat transfer oil 11; heat transfer oil 11 can be used in accordance with SH-T
  • the density of the oil 11, the liquid polystyrene 32 is settled to the bottom of the oil bath 1, and after a certain amount of liquid polystyrene 32 is accumulated at the bottom of the oil bath 1, the oil bath 1 stops heating, so that the heat transfer oil 11 is cooled and cooled.
  • the liquid polystyrene 32 is then cooled to become solid polystyrene 33. Since the density of the solid polystyrene 33 is about 1.04 g/cc, which is greater than the density of the cooling heat transfer oil 11, the solid polystyrene 33 will be deposited in the oil. At the bottom of the bath 1, the removal of the deposited solid polystyrene 33 completes the defoaming and volume reduction of the polystyrene foam.
  • the polystyrene foam densification recovery apparatus of this embodiment further includes a cylindrical cooling tank 2, and the diameter of the cooling tank 2 is an oil bath. 1 setting of 2 times of diameter; cooling water 2 is provided with cooling water 21 for room temperature, the bottom end of the cooling tank 2 is supported by the cooling trough mounting frame 22, and four universal wheels 23 are arranged at the four corners of the bottom end of the cooling trough mounting frame 22. It is convenient to move the cooling tank placement frame 22 and the cooling tank 2 such that the cooling tank 2 is placed below the oil bath tank 1.
  • the bottom end of the oil bath 1 is provided with a discharge port 12, and the discharge port 12 is provided with a solenoid valve to control its closing.
  • the polystyrene foam densification recovery device further includes a lifting device for driving the oil bath 1 for lifting, the lifting device includes a column 43 fixedly connected to the ground, and the top end of the column 43 is fixedly disposed with a beam 44, the beam 4 4 A winding motor 45 is provided.
  • the output shaft 46 of the winding motor 45 is fixedly connected to the two wire ropes 47.
  • the top end of the oil bath 1 is fixedly connected with the bottom end of the wire rope 47 to rotate the winding motor output shaft 46. 47 is retracted, and then the oil bath 1 is driven to ascend and descend.
  • the polystyrene foam densification recovery device further includes an induced draft fan 41 and an exhaust hood 42.
  • the top end of the exhaust hood 42 communicates with the intake port of the induced draft fan 41 via a duct, and the bottom end of the exhaust hood 42 is horn-shaped, and The oil bath 1 is in a heated state, and the bottom end of the exhaust hood 42 is disposed above the oil bath 1 so that the air discharged from the oil bath 1 can be collected by the draft fan 41 and the exhaust hood 42 and transported to the peripherals.
  • the air purification equipment (not shown) is cleaned.
  • a working method of a polystyrene foam densification recovery device comprising the following steps:
  • the type 280 heat transfer oil 11 is started to heat the oil bath 1 so that the temperature of the heat transfer oil 11 is maintained between 150 ° C and 180 ° C; the broken polystyrene foam block 31 is added to the oil bath 1 due to polystyrene
  • the density of the ethylene foam block 31 is much smaller than the density of the heat transfer oil 11, and thus the polystyrene foam block 31 floats on the surface of the heat transfer oil 11.
  • the heat transfer oil 11 is continuously heated, so that the polystyrene foam block 31 floating on the surface of the heat transfer oil 11 is gradually heated and melted into liquid polystyrene 32, and the air 34 in the polystyrene foam block 31 overflows.
  • the induced draft fan 41 collects the overflowed air 34 through the exhaust hood 42 and purifies it by an air purifying device (not shown) of the peripheral device to avoid direct discharge of the polluted environment; since the density of the liquid polystyrene 32 is 1.2
  • the gram/cubic centimeter is much larger than the density of the heat transfer oil 11, so that the liquid polystyrene 32 settles to the bottom of the oil bath 1.
  • the liquid level of the heat transfer oil 11 in the same oil bath 1 is not lower than the liquid level of the cooling water 21, and cooling is avoided.
  • the water 21 is refluxed into the oil bath 1; the solenoid valve is activated to cause the discharge port 12 of the oil bath 1 to be smashed, and the liquid polystyrene 32 at the bottom of the oil bath 1 flows into the cooling water 2 through the discharge port 12, and is cooled by the cooling water 2.
  • the solid polystyrene 33 is formed, since the density of the fixed polystyrene 33 is about 1.04 g/cm 3 , which is still greater than the density of the cooling water 21, the solid polystyrene 33 is deposited and cooled during cooling solidification. 2 is a bottom; density polystyrene with liquid 32 flowing out of its density is less than 11 HTF cooling water 21 is thus the surface 11 conducting oil to the cooling water floats 21, can easily be recycled.

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  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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Abstract

一种聚苯乙烯泡沫密化回收装置及其工作方法，该聚苯乙烯泡沫密化回收装置包括冷却槽(2)、油浴槽(1)，所述油浴槽(1)内盛有导热油(11)，该导热油(11)的密度不超过0.95克/立方厘米，所述冷却槽(2)内盛有用于冷却的水(21)，所述油浴槽(1)的顶端设置用于加入聚苯乙烯泡沫块(31)的进料口，该油浴槽(1)的底端设置可开闭的出料口（12），使用时将油浴槽(1)内导热油(11)的温度加热至150℃至180℃之间，以熔化置于油浴槽(1)内的聚苯乙烯泡沫块(31)受热熔化成为液态聚苯乙烯（32），聚苯乙烯泡沫块（31）中的空气溢出。

Description

发明名称：一种聚苯乙烯泡沫密化回收装置及其工作方法 技术领域
[0001] 本发明涉及聚苯乙烯泡沫回收技术领域， 特别是一种聚苯乙烯泡沫密化回收装 置及其工作方法。
背景技术
[0002] EPS泡沫板——又名聚苯乙烯泡沫板、 EPS板， 是一种轻型高分子聚合物。 它 是采用聚苯乙烯树脂加入发泡剂， 同吋加热进行软化， 产生气体， 形成一种硬 质闭孔结构的泡沫塑料； 主要用于建筑墙体， 屋面保温， 复合板保温， 冷库、 空调、 车辆、 船舶的保温隔热， 地板采暖， 装潢雕刻等领域。 这种对 EPS的一次 性使用， 是一种资源的极大浪费。 有综述文章指出， 全世界的废旧塑料中， 以 体积计算, EPS约占一半， 年弃量高达百万吨以上。 由于 EPS泡沫板废弃之后不易 自行降解， 对环境造成了极大污染； 因此， 发展 EPS的回收、 复生、 再生也就成 为了当前 EPS包装产业最迫切的问题； 目前 EPS回收处理主要有粉碎回收、 热熔 回收和化学回收， 然而无论何种回收方式都需要集中式进行以降低回收成本， 由于聚苯乙烯泡沫板的密度小， 如果直接将聚苯乙烯泡沫板回收运输至集中回 收处理的地点， 其所需的运费已远远超过其自身价值， 因此需要一种结构简单 、 易于实现、 成本低廉的聚苯乙烯泡沫密化回收装置， 实现聚苯乙烯泡沫的消 泡减容。
技术问题
[0003] 本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种结构简单、 易于实现、 成本低廉的聚苯乙 烯泡沫密化回收装置及其工作方法。
问题的解决方案
技术解决方案
[0004] 为解决上述技术问题， 本发明提供的聚苯乙烯泡沫密化回收装置， 包括： 油浴 槽， 所述油浴槽内盛有导热油， 该导热油的密度不超过 0.95克 /立方厘米， 所述 油浴槽的顶端设置用于加入聚苯乙烯泡沫块的进料口， 使用吋将油浴槽内导热 油的温度加热至 150。C至 180。C之间， 以使置于油浴槽内的聚苯乙烯泡沫块受热 熔化成为液态聚苯乙烯， 聚苯乙烯泡沫块中的空气溢出， 由于液态聚苯乙烯的 密度大于导热油的密度， 液态聚苯乙烯沉降至油浴槽底部， 油浴槽底部积聚一 定数量的液态聚苯乙烯后， 油浴槽停止加热， 使得导热油降温冷却、 液态聚苯 乙烯随之冷却成为成固态聚苯乙烯， 由于固态聚苯乙烯的密度为 1.04克 /立方厘 米左右， 大于冷却导热油的密度， 因此固态聚苯乙烯将沉积在油浴槽的底部， 将沉积的固态聚苯乙烯的取出即可完成聚苯乙烯泡沫的消泡减容。
[0005] 进一步， 聚苯乙烯泡沫密化回收装置还包括冷却槽， 所述冷却槽内盛有用于冷 却的水， 所述油浴槽的底端设置可幵闭的出料口， 油浴槽底部积聚一定数量的 液态聚苯乙烯后， 油浴槽停止加热， 将油浴槽移动至油浴槽底端的出料口低于 冷却槽内冷却水液面， 打幵油浴槽底端的出料口使得液态聚苯乙烯流出进入冷 却槽的冷却水中， 经冷却水进行降温后形成固态聚苯乙烯， 由于固态聚苯乙烯 的密度大于冷却介质水的密度， 因此固态聚苯乙烯将沉积在冷却槽的底部， 由 油浴槽排出的少量的导热油由于其密度低于水的密度， 因此会上浮至水的表面 ， 易于进出回收清理。
[0006] 进一步， 聚苯乙烯泡沫密化回收装置还包括用于驱动所述油浴槽进行升降的升 降装置， 以使所述油浴槽可升降设置在冷却槽的上方， 油浴槽处于加热状态吋 油浴槽置于该冷却槽的上方， 油浴槽停止加热吋升降装置驱动油浴槽下降进入 所述冷却槽， 易于操作。
[0007] 进一步， 聚苯乙烯泡沫密化回收装置还包括引风机和排气罩， 所述排气罩置于 所述油浴槽的上方， 所述引风机的进口端经管道与所述排气罩相通， 以使油浴 槽加热吋排出的气体由排气罩和弓 I风机进行弓 I流后集中排放。
[0008] 进一步， 聚苯乙烯泡沫密化回收装置还包括冷却槽安置架， 所述冷却槽置于该 冷却槽安装架上， 该冷却槽安装架的底端设置多个万向轮， 便于移动冷却槽。
[0009] 进一步， 所述升降装置包括卷扬电机和钢丝绳， 所述钢丝绳的底端与所述油浴 槽固定相连， 所述钢丝绳的顶端与卷扬电机的输出轴固定相连， 以使所述卷扬 电机转动对钢丝绳进行收卷吋， 可带动油浴槽进行升降。
[0010] 上述聚苯乙烯泡沫密化回收装置的工作方法， 包括如下步骤： [0011] A、 关闭油浴槽底端的出料口， 向油浴槽内加入适量的导热油， 启动油浴槽进 行加热， 使得导热油的温度维持在 150°C至 180 °C之间； 向油浴槽内加入聚苯乙 烯泡沫块， 聚苯乙烯泡沫块漂浮在导热油的表面。
[0012] B、 持续对导热油进行加热， 使得漂浮于导热油表面的聚苯乙烯泡沫块逐渐受 热熔化变为液态聚苯乙烯并沉降至油浴槽底部， 聚苯乙烯泡沫块中的空气溢出
， 启动引风机进行集中收集。
[0013] C、 油浴槽底部的液态聚苯乙烯积累至预设数量吋， 停止对油浴槽进行加热， 启动卷扬电机带动油浴槽下降， 当油浴槽下降至底端的出料口置于冷却水内吋 停止下降， 将油浴槽悬停设置， 打幵油浴槽的出料口， 液态聚苯乙烯经出料口 流入冷却水， 并由冷却水进行冷却后成为固态聚苯乙烯， 并沉积在冷却槽的底 部； 随液态聚苯乙烯流出的导热油漂浮至冷却水的表面。
[0014] D、 油浴槽底部的液态聚苯乙烯排空后， 关闭油浴槽底端的出料口； 再次启动 卷扬电机使得油浴槽上升脱离冷却槽， 启动油浴槽再次进行加热， 并向油浴槽 内继续添加聚苯乙烯泡沫块。
[0015] E、 重复上述步骤 A至 D， 即可完成聚苯乙烯泡沫的消泡减容。
发明的有益效果
有益效果
[0016] 发明的技术效果： （1) 本发明的聚苯乙烯泡沫密化回收装置， 相对于现有技 术， 聚苯乙烯泡沫由导热油进行加热熔化， 液态聚苯乙烯由冷却水进行冷却固 化， 且液态聚苯乙烯直接从导热油流入冷却水中， 在聚苯乙烯熔化、 固化的过 程中导热油和冷却水隔绝了空气， 避免了与空气再次进行接触， 大大提高了密 化效率； （2) 导热油的密度比冷取水的密度小， 使得随液态聚苯乙烯流出的导 热油漂浮于冷却水表面， 易于回收； （3) 采用卷扬电机驱动油浴槽升降， 使得 聚苯乙烯在熔化、 固化的过程中完全与空气隔绝， 提高了密化效率； （4) 油浴 槽加热吋保持在 150°C至 180 °C之间， 避免导热油汽化流失， 节省成本， 保护环 境； （5) 油浴槽可升降设置， 使得油浴槽进行加热吋， 油浴槽置于冷却槽上方 ， 减少热量损失， 节省能源； （6) 上述装置采用导热油和冷却水对聚苯乙烯泡 沫进行消泡减容， 聚苯乙烯泡沫受热均匀， 成本低廉， 易于实现。 对附图的简要说明
附图说明
[0017] 下面结合说明书附图对本发明作进一步详细说明：
[0018] 图 1是本发明实施例 1的聚苯乙烯泡沫密化回收装置的油浴槽处于加热状态吋的 结构示意图；
[0019] 图 2是本发明实施例 1的聚苯乙烯泡沫密化回收装置的油浴槽处于冷却状态吋的 结构示意图；
[0020] 图 3是本发明实施例 2的聚苯乙烯泡沫密化回收装置的油浴槽处于加热状态吋的 结构示意图；
[0021] 图 4是本发明实施例 2的聚苯乙烯泡沫密化回收装置的油浴槽处于冷却状态吋的 结构示意图。
[0022] 图中： 油浴槽 1， 导热油 11， 出料口 12， 冷却槽 2， 冷却水 21， 冷却槽安置架 22 ， 万向轮 23， 聚苯乙烯泡沫块 31， 液态聚苯乙烯 32， 固态聚苯乙烯 33， 空气 34 ， 引风机 41， 排气罩 42， 立柱 43， 横梁 44， 卷扬电机 45， 输出轴 46， 钢丝绳 47
本发明的实施方式
[0023] 实施例 1
[0024] 本实施例的聚苯乙烯泡沫密化回收装置包括筒状的油浴槽 1， 如图 1至图 2所示 ， 筒状油浴槽 1为非强制循环的幵式传热系统， 油浴槽 1内盛有导热油， 使用电 加热的方式控制导热油 11的温度； 导热油 11可选用符合 SH-T
0677- 1999标准的 L-QB 280标号的导热油， 其密度控制在 0.91克 /立方厘米至 0.93 克 /立方厘米之间， 初溜点不低于 280°C。 油浴槽 1的顶端呈幵口设置作为加入导 热油 11和聚苯乙烯泡沫块 31的进料口， 使用吋将油浴槽 1内导热油 11的温度加热 至 150。C至 180。C之间， 以使置于油浴槽 1内的聚苯乙烯泡沫块 31受热熔化成为液 态聚苯乙烯 32， 聚苯乙烯泡沫块 31中的空气 34溢出， 由于液态聚苯乙烯 32的密 度大于导热油 11的密度， 液态聚苯乙烯 32沉降至油浴槽 1底部， 油浴槽 1底部积 聚一定数量的液态聚苯乙烯 32后， 油浴槽 1停止加热， 使得导热油 11降温冷却、 液态聚苯乙烯 32随之冷却成为成固态聚苯乙烯 33， 由于固态聚苯乙烯 33的密度 为 1.04克 /立方厘米左右， 大于冷却导热油 11的密度， 因此固态聚苯乙烯 33将沉 积在油浴槽 1的底部， 将沉积的固态聚苯乙烯 33的取出即可完成聚苯乙烯泡沫的 消泡减容。
[0025] 实施例 2
[0026] 如图 3至图 4所示， 在实施例 1的基础上， 本实施例的聚苯乙烯泡沫密化回收装 置还包括筒状的冷却槽 2， 且冷却槽 2的直径为油浴槽 1直径的 2倍设置； 冷却槽 2 内装有用于室温的冷却水 21， 冷却槽 2的底端由冷却槽安置架 22进行支撑， 冷却 槽安置架 22的底端四角设置 4个万向轮 23， 便于移动冷却槽安置架 22和冷却槽 2 ， 使得冷却槽 2置于油浴槽 1的下方。 油浴槽 1的底端设置出料口 12， 该出料口 12 设置电磁阀以控制其幵闭。
[0027] 聚苯乙烯泡沫密化回收装置还包括用于驱动油浴槽 1进行升降的升降装置， 该 升降装置包括与地面固定相连的立柱 43， 立柱 43的顶端固定设置横梁 44， 横梁 4 4上设置卷扬电机 45， 该卷扬电机 45的输出轴 46与两根钢丝绳 47固定相连， 油浴 槽 1的顶端与钢丝绳 47的底端固定相连， 以使卷扬电机输出轴 46旋转吋， 对钢丝 绳 47进行收放， 进而带动油浴槽 1进行升降。 聚苯乙烯泡沫密化回收装置还包括 引风机 41和排气罩 42， 排气罩 42的顶端经管道与引风机 41的进气口相通， 排气 罩 42的底端呈喇叭状设置， 且油浴槽 1处于加热状态吋， 排气罩 42的底端罩设在 油浴槽 1上方， 以使油浴槽 1加热吋排出的空气可由引风机 41和排气罩 42进行收 集并运送至外设的空气净化设备 （图中未示出） 进行净化。
[0028] 实施例 3
[0029] 一种聚苯乙烯泡沫密化回收装置的工作方法， 包括如下步骤：
[0030] A、 关闭油浴槽 1底端的出料口 12， 向油浴槽 1内加入适量的 L-QB
280型导热油 11， 启动油浴槽 1进行加热， 使得导热油 11的温度维持在 150°C至 180 °C之间； 向油浴槽 1内加入打碎的聚苯乙烯泡沫块 31， 由于聚苯乙烯泡沫块 31的 密度远小于导热油 11的密度， 因此聚苯乙烯泡沫块 31漂浮在导热油 11的表面。
[0031] B、 持续对导热油 11进行加热， 使得漂浮于导热油 11表面的聚苯乙烯泡沫块 31 逐渐受热熔化变为液态聚苯乙烯 32， 聚苯乙烯泡沫块 31中的空气 34溢出， 启动 引风机 41经排气罩 42对溢出的空气 34进行集中收集， 由外设的空气净化设备 （ 图中未示出） 进行净化， 避免直接排放污染环境； 由于液态聚苯乙烯 32的密度 为 1.2克 /立方厘米左右， 远大于导热油 11的密度， 因此液态聚苯乙烯 32沉降至油 浴槽 1底部。
[0032] C、 持续向油浴槽 1内加入聚苯乙烯泡沫 31， 使得熔化的液态聚苯乙烯 32持续沉 降至油浴槽 1底端； 当油浴槽 1底部的液态聚苯乙烯 32积累至预设数量吋， 停止 对油浴槽 1进行加热， 启动卷扬电机 45使得油浴槽 1下降至冷却槽 2内且悬停设置 ， 此吋油浴槽 1底端的出料口 12置于冷却水 21内且油浴槽 1的顶端幵口依然高于 冷却水 21液面， 避免冷却水 21进入油浴槽 1， 同吋油浴槽 1内导热油 11的液面高 度不低于冷却水 21的液面高度， 避免冷却水 21回流进入油浴槽 1 ; 启动电磁阀使 得油浴槽 1的出料口 12打幵， 油浴槽 1底部的液态聚苯乙烯 32经出料口 12流入冷 却水 2， 并由冷却水 2进行冷却后成为固态聚苯乙烯 33， 由于固定聚苯乙烯 33的 密度为 1.04克 /立方厘米左右， 仍大于冷却水 21的密度， 因此固态聚苯乙烯 33在 冷却凝固的过程中沉积在冷却槽 2的底部； 随液态聚苯乙烯 32流出的导热油 11由 于其密度小于冷却水 21的密度因此导热油 11漂浮至冷却水 21的表面， 可方便的 进行回收再利用。
[0033] D、 油浴槽 1底部的液态聚苯乙烯 32排空后， 关闭油浴槽 1底端的出料口 12; 再 次启动卷扬电机 45使得油浴槽 1上升脱离冷却槽 2， 启动油浴槽 1再次进行加热使 得油浴槽 1内的导热油维持在 150°C至 180 °C之间， 并向油浴槽 1内继续添加聚苯 乙烯泡沫块 31 ; 同吋对冷却槽 2内的固态聚苯乙烯 33进行收集， 即可获得高密度 的固态聚苯乙烯 33。
[0034] E、 重复上述步骤 A至 D， 即可完成聚苯乙烯泡沫的消泡减容。
[0035] 显然， 上述实施例仅仅是为清楚地说明本发明所作的举例， 而并非是对本发明 的实施方式的限定。 对于所属领域的普通技术人员来说， 在上述说明的基础上 还可以做出其它不同形式的变化或变动。 这里无需也无法对所有的实施方式予 以穷举。 而这些属于本发明的精神所引申出的显而易见的变化或变动仍处于本 发明的保护范围之中。

Claims

权利要求书
一种聚苯乙烯泡沫密化回收装置， 其特征在于， 包括： 油浴槽， 所述 油浴槽内盛有导热油， 该导热油的密度不超过 0.95克 /立方厘米， 所述 油浴槽的顶端设置用于加入聚苯乙烯泡沫块的进料口， 使用吋将油浴 槽内导热油的温度加热至 150°C至 180 °C之间， 以使置于油浴槽内的 聚苯乙烯泡沫块受热熔化成为液态聚苯乙烯， 聚苯乙烯泡沫块中的空 气溢出； 油浴槽底部积聚一定数量的液态聚苯乙烯后， 油浴槽停止加 热， 使得导热油降温冷却、 液态聚苯乙烯随之冷却成为成固态聚苯乙 烯。
根据权利要求 1所述的聚苯乙烯泡沫密化回收装置， 其特征在于， 还 包括冷却槽， 所述冷却槽内盛有用于冷却的水， 所述油浴槽的底端设 置可幵闭的出料口， 油浴槽底部积聚一定数量的液态聚苯乙烯后， 油 浴槽停止加热， 将油浴槽移动至油浴槽底端的出料口低于冷却槽内冷 却水液面， 打幵油浴槽底端的出料口使得液态聚苯乙烯流出进入冷却 槽的冷却水中， 经冷却水进行降温后形成固态聚苯乙烯。
根据权利要求 2所述的聚苯乙烯泡沫密化回收装置， 其特征在于， 还 包括用于驱动所述油浴槽进行升降的升降装置， 以使所述油浴槽可升 降设置在冷却槽的上方。
根据权利要求 3所述的聚苯乙烯泡沫密化回收装置， 其特征在于， 还 包括引风机和排气罩， 所述排气罩置于所述油浴槽的上方， 所述引风 机的进口端经管道与所述排气罩相通。
根据权利要求 4所述的聚苯乙烯泡沫密化回收装置， 其特征在于， 还 包括冷却槽安置架， 所述冷却槽置于该冷却槽安装架上， 该冷却槽安 装架的底端设置多个万向轮。
根据权利要求 5所述的聚苯乙烯泡沫密化回收装置， 其特征在于， 所 述升降装置包括卷扬电机和钢丝绳， 所述钢丝绳的底端与所述油浴槽 固定相连， 所述钢丝绳的顶端与卷扬电机的输出轴固定相连。
7.根据权利要求 6所述的聚苯乙烯泡沫密化回收装置的工作方法， 其 特征在于， 包括如下步骤：
A、 关闭油浴槽底端的出料口， 向油浴槽内加入适量的导热油， 启动 油浴槽进行加热， 使得导热油的温度维持在 150°C至 180 °C之间； 向 油浴槽内加入聚苯乙烯泡沫块， 聚苯乙烯泡沫块漂浮在导热油的表面
B、 持续对导热油进行加热， 使得漂浮于导热油表面的聚苯乙烯泡沫 块逐渐受热熔化变为液态聚苯乙烯并沉降至油浴槽底部， 聚苯乙烯泡 沫块中的空气溢出；
C、 油浴槽底部的液态聚苯乙烯积累至预设数量吋， 停止对油浴槽进 行加热， 启动卷扬电机驱动油浴槽下降， 当油浴槽下降至底端的出料 口置于冷却水内停止下降， 将油浴槽悬停设置， 打幵油浴槽的出料口 ， 液态聚苯乙烯经出料口流入冷却水， 并由冷却水进行冷却后成为固 态聚苯乙烯， 并沉积在冷却槽的底部； 随液态聚苯乙烯流出的导热油 漂浮至冷却水的表面；
D、 油浴槽底部的液态聚苯乙烯排空后， 关闭油浴槽底端的出料口； 再次启动卷扬电机使得油浴槽上升脱离冷却槽， 启动油浴槽再次进行 加热， 并向油浴槽内继续添加聚苯乙烯泡沫块；
E、 重复上述步骤 A至 D， 即可完成聚苯乙烯泡沫的消泡减容。
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