WO2018168904A1 - 合わせガラス用中間膜及び合わせガラス - Google Patents
合わせガラス用中間膜及び合わせガラス Download PDFInfo
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- WO2018168904A1 WO2018168904A1 PCT/JP2018/009895 JP2018009895W WO2018168904A1 WO 2018168904 A1 WO2018168904 A1 WO 2018168904A1 JP 2018009895 W JP2018009895 W JP 2018009895W WO 2018168904 A1 WO2018168904 A1 WO 2018168904A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- intermediate film
- layer
- laminated glass
- wedge angle
- glass plate
- Prior art date
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
- B32B17/10036—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising two outer glass sheets
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
- B32B17/10559—Shape of the cross-section
- B32B17/10568—Shape of the cross-section varying in thickness
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
- B32B17/10605—Type of plasticiser
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
- B32B17/10678—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer comprising UV absorbers or stabilizers, e.g. antioxidants
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
- B32B17/10761—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing vinyl acetal
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10807—Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor
- B32B17/10816—Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor by pressing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10807—Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor
- B32B17/10816—Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor by pressing
- B32B17/10871—Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor by pressing in combination with particular heat treatment
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B27/08—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/18—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives
- B32B27/22—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives using plasticisers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60J—WINDOWS, WINDSCREENS, NON-FIXED ROOFS, DOORS, OR SIMILAR DEVICES FOR VEHICLES; REMOVABLE EXTERNAL PROTECTIVE COVERINGS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES
- B60J1/00—Windows; Windscreens; Accessories therefor
- B60J1/02—Windows; Windscreens; Accessories therefor arranged at the vehicle front, e.g. structure of the glazing, mounting of the glazing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
- B32B2250/03—3 layers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/10—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular acoustical properties
- B32B2307/102—Insulating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
- B32B2307/51—Elastic
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2331/00—Polyvinylesters
- B32B2331/04—Polymers of vinyl acetate, e.g. PVA
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2605/00—Vehicles
- B32B2605/006—Transparent parts other than made from inorganic glass, e.g. polycarbonate glazings
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an interlayer film for laminated glass used for obtaining laminated glass. Moreover, this invention relates to the laminated glass using the said intermediate film for laminated glasses.
- Laminated glass is generally excellent in safety because it has less scattering of glass fragments even if it is damaged by external impact. For this reason, the said laminated glass is widely used for a motor vehicle, a rail vehicle, an aircraft, a ship, a building, etc.
- the laminated glass is manufactured by sandwiching an interlayer film for laminated glass between a pair of glass plates.
- HUD head-up display
- measurement information such as speed, which is driving data of a car, can be displayed on the windshield of the car.
- the above HUD has a problem that the measurement information displayed on the windshield looks double.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a laminated glass in which a wedge-shaped intermediate film having a predetermined wedge angle is sandwiched between a pair of glass plates.
- the display of measurement information reflected by one glass plate and the display of measurement information reflected by another glass plate can be performed in the driver's field of view. Can be tied to one point. For this reason, it is hard to see the display of measurement information double, and it is hard to disturb a driver
- the interlayer film Prior to the production of the laminated glass, the interlayer film is prepared to have a predetermined wedge angle in order to suppress double images.
- the wedge angle of the interlayer film may greatly change during pressure bonding when producing a laminated glass. As a result, the double image may not be sufficiently suppressed.
- an interlayer film for laminated glass used in laminated glass having one end and the other end on the opposite side of the one end, the thickness of the other end being the thickness of the one end
- the thickness of the intermediate film is not uniformly increased from the one end to the other end, and the laminated glass intermediate film is used as an intermediate film before pressure bonding, and the following first, second, second 3.
- the intermediate film after the final press-bonding is obtained through the steps 3, 4, and 5 in this order, and the intermediate film before the press-bonding and the intermediate film after the main press-bonding are respectively connected to the one end of the intermediate film.
- intermediate layer glass (herein, the "interlayer film for a laminated glass” may be abbreviated as “intermediate layer”) is provided.
- the intermediate film before pressure bonding is placed on the first glass plate from one surface side.
- the first glass plate has the same size as the intermediate film before pressure bonding and a thickness of 2 mm.
- the first glass plate is a float plate glass conforming to JIS 3202-2011.
- the second glass plate is arranged such that one end of the second glass plate is aligned with one end of the intermediate film, and the surface direction of the second glass plate is the surface direction of the first glass plate. Placed on the other surface of the intermediate film in a perpendicular direction.
- the second glass plate has the same size as the intermediate film before pressure bonding and a thickness of 2 mm.
- the second glass plate is a float glass plate conforming to JIS 3202-2011.
- Third step tilting and tilting the second glass plate while fixing the one end of the second glass plate to bring the surface of the second glass plate into contact with the other surface of the intermediate film
- the second glass is brought into a state in which the weight of the second glass is balanced on the other surface of the intermediate film.
- Pre-pressing is performed with a roll press at 240 ° C. and a linear pressure of 98 N / cm.
- Final compression bonding is performed at 140 ° C. and a pressure of 1.3 MPa to obtain an intermediate film after final compression bonding.
- the obtained intermediate film after the main pressure bonding is a state of a laminate in which the intermediate film after the main pressure bonding is disposed between the first glass plate and the second glass plate.
- the maximum value of the change rate of the partial wedge angle obtained by the formula (X) is 15% or less.
- the intermediate film is obtained when the intermediate film after the main pressure bonding is obtained through the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth steps in this order.
- the third step and before the fourth step in the region from the position of the one end of the intermediate film to the central position between the one end and the other end, two or more points separated from each other.
- the intermediate film is obtained when the intermediate film after the main pressure bonding is obtained through the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth steps in this order.
- the intermediate film and the first It is an intermediate film for laminated glass which will be in the state which the glass plate of 2 contacted.
- the intermediate film includes a layer having an elastic modulus G ′ at 23 ° C. of 4 MPa or more.
- the intermediate film includes a layer having an elastic modulus G ′ at 23 ° C. of 4 MPa or more as a surface layer.
- the interlayer film preferably contains a thermoplastic resin.
- the interlayer film preferably contains a plasticizer.
- the interlayer film includes a thermoplastic resin and a plasticizer with a content of 25 parts by weight or more and 45 parts by weight or less with respect to 100 parts by weight of the thermoplastic resin.
- a containing layer is a thermoplastic resin and a plasticizer with a content of 25 parts by weight or more and 45 parts by weight or less with respect to 100 parts by weight of the thermoplastic resin.
- the intermediate film includes a first layer and a second layer disposed on the first surface side of the first layer.
- the first layer includes a polyvinyl acetal resin
- the second layer includes a polyvinyl acetal resin
- the polyvinyl acetal resin in the first layer The hydroxyl group content is lower than the hydroxyl group content of the polyvinyl acetal resin in the second layer.
- the first layer includes a polyvinyl acetal resin
- the second layer includes a polyvinyl acetal resin
- the first layer includes a plasticizer.
- the second layer contains a plasticizer, and the content of the plasticizer in the first layer relative to 100 parts by weight of the polyvinyl acetal resin in the first layer is The content of the plasticizer in the second layer is more than 100 parts by weight of the polyvinyl acetal resin.
- the first laminated glass member, the second laminated glass member, and the intermediate film portion disposed between the first laminated glass member and the second laminated glass member are provided.
- a laminated glass is provided in which the intermediate film portion is formed of the above-described intermediate film for laminated glass.
- the interlayer film for laminated glass according to the present invention is an interlayer film for laminated glass used for laminated glass.
- the interlayer film for laminated glass according to the present invention has one end and the other end on the opposite side of the one end, and the thickness of the other end is larger than the thickness of the one end. In the interlayer film for laminated glass according to the present invention, the thickness of the interlayer film does not increase uniformly from the one end to the other end.
- the intermediate film for laminated glass according to the present invention is used as an intermediate film before pressure bonding, and the intermediate film after the main pressure bonding is obtained through the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth steps in this order. .
- each partial wedge angle is measured at each point in the first region at intervals of 10 mm.
- the average change rate of the partial wedge angle obtained by the above formula (X) is 10% or less. Since the interlayer film for laminated glass according to the present invention has the above-described configuration, the change in the partial wedge angle is suppressed during the production of the laminated glass using the interlayer film for laminated glass according to the present invention. Double images in laminated glass using an interlayer film for laminated glass can be suppressed.
- FIG. 1A and 1B are a cross-sectional view and a front view schematically showing the interlayer film for laminated glass according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- 2A and 2B are a sectional view and a front view schematically showing an interlayer film for laminated glass according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a laminated glass using the laminated glass interlayer film shown in FIG.
- FIG. 4 is a perspective view schematically showing a roll body on which the interlayer film for laminated glass shown in FIG. 1 is wound.
- the interlayer film for laminated glass according to the present invention (sometimes abbreviated as “intermediate film” in the present specification) is used for laminated glass.
- the intermediate film according to the present invention has a single-layer structure or a two-layer structure.
- the intermediate film according to the present invention may have a single-layer structure or a two-layer structure.
- the intermediate film according to the present invention may have a two-layer structure, may have a structure of two or more layers, may have a structure of three layers, or may have a structure of three or more layers. You may have.
- the interlayer film according to the present invention may be a single-layer interlayer film or a multilayer interlayer film.
- the intermediate film according to the present invention has one end and the other end opposite to the one end.
- the one end and the other end are end portions on both sides facing each other in the intermediate film.
- the thickness of the other end is larger than the thickness of the one end.
- the thickness does not increase uniformly from the one end to the other end of the intermediate film.
- the intermediate film according to the present invention has a convex portion on the surface or a concave portion on the surface.
- a first glass plate having the same size and thickness of 2 mm as the intermediate film according to the present invention is prepared.
- the first glass plate is a float glass plate conforming to JIS 3202-2011.
- a second glass plate having the same size and 2 mm thickness as the intermediate film according to the present invention is prepared.
- the second glass plate is a float glass plate conforming to JIS 3202-2011.
- the intermediate film according to the present invention is used as an intermediate film before pressure bonding, and the intermediate film after the main pressure bonding is obtained through the following first, second, third, fourth and fifth steps in this order.
- the intermediate film before pressure bonding is placed on the first glass plate from one surface side.
- the first glass plate has the same size as the intermediate film before pressure bonding and a thickness of 2 mm.
- the first glass plate is a float glass plate conforming to JIS 3202-2011.
- the second glass plate is arranged such that one end of the second glass plate is aligned with one end of the intermediate film, and the surface direction of the second glass plate is the surface direction of the first glass plate. Placed on the other surface of the intermediate film in a perpendicular direction.
- the second glass plate has the same size as the intermediate film before pressure bonding and a thickness of 2 mm.
- the second glass plate is a float glass plate conforming to JIS 3202-2011.
- Third step tilting and tilting the second glass plate while fixing the one end of the second glass plate to bring the surface of the second glass plate into contact with the other surface of the intermediate film And the second glass is brought into a state in which the weight of the second glass is balanced on the other surface of the intermediate film.
- Pre-pressing is performed with a roll press at 240 ° C. and a linear pressure of 98 N / cm.
- Final compression bonding is performed at 140 ° C. and a pressure of 1.3 MPa to obtain an intermediate film after final compression bonding.
- the obtained intermediate film after the main pressure bonding is a state of a laminate in which the intermediate film after the main pressure bonding is disposed between the first glass plate and the second glass plate.
- each of the intermediate film before the pressure bonding and the intermediate film after the main pressure bonding from the one end of the intermediate film toward the other end, a position from 40 mm to a central position between the one end and the other end.
- the average change rate of the partial wedge angle obtained by the following formula (X) is 10% or less. is there.
- the average change rate of the partial wedge angle is obtained by calculating the change rate of the partial wedge angle at each point (first to nth points (n is an integer of 2 or more)) at intervals of 10 mm in the first area.
- the average change rate of the partial wedge angle is obtained by averaging.
- each partial wedge angle for each 10 mm interval in the first region is preferably 5% or less.
- the average change rate of the partial wedge angles is: It means the average rate of change of n partial wedge angles.
- the maximum value of the change rate of the partial wedge angle obtained from the above formula (X) is preferably 15% or less, more preferably 10% or less, and further preferably 5% or less.
- the maximum value of the change rate of the partial wedge angle is: It means the largest value among the change rates of n partial wedge angles.
- the rate of change of the partial wedge angle at the first to nth points is obtained by the following formulas (X1) to (Xn), respectively.
- Rate of change in partial wedge angle at the first point (%)
- Rate of change of partial wedge angle at second point (%)
- Rate of change in partial wedge angle at the nth point (partial wedge angle at the nth point of the intermediate film after the main compression bonding ⁇ partial wedge angle at the nth point of the intermediate film before the compression bonding ) / (Partial wedge angle at the nth point of the intermediate film before pressure bonding)
- the first point is the point located on the most end side among the points at intervals of 10 mm in the first region.
- the nth point is the point located closest to the other end side among the points at intervals of 10 mm in the first region.
- the first point is the point located closest to the one end among the points at intervals of 10 mm in the second region.
- the nth point is the point that is located closest to the other end side among the points at intervals of 10 mm in the second region.
- the first point is a point of 40 mm from the one end of the intermediate film toward the other end.
- the second point is a point of 50 mm from the one end to the other end of the intermediate film.
- the nth point is a point of (40 + 10 ⁇ (n ⁇ 1)) mm from the one end to the other end of the intermediate film.
- N corresponds to the total number of points at which the partial wedge angle can be measured in each measurement in the first region and the second region.
- the n-th point is the point that is located closest to the other end side among the points at intervals of 10 mm in the first region. is there.
- the nth point selected each point (second point, third point,...) In turn every 10 mm from the first point.
- the intermediate position between the one end and the other end of the intermediate film is selected within a range not exceeding the other end.
- the nth point may coincide with a central position between the one end and the other end of the intermediate film, and the nth point is You may be located in the said one end side rather than the center position between the said one end and the said other end of the said intermediate film.
- the nth point is not located on the other end side than the center position between the one end and the other end of the intermediate film.
- the n-th point is the point that is located closest to the other end side among the points at intervals of 10 mm in the second region. is there.
- the nth point selected each point (second point, third point,...) In turn every 10 mm from the first point.
- the position of 40 mm from the other end of the intermediate film toward the one end is selected within a range not exceeding the other end.
- the nth point may coincide with the center position between the one end and the other end of the intermediate film, and the nth point is You may be located in the said one end side rather than the position of 40 mm toward the said one end from the said other end of the said intermediate film.
- the nth point is not located on the other end side than the position of 40 mm from the other end of the intermediate film toward the one end.
- the average of the change rate of the partial wedge angle is obtained from the following formula (Y).
- Average change rate of partial wedge angle (%) (Change rate of partial wedge angle at the first point + Change rate of partial wedge angle at the second point +... + Part at the nth point Change rate of wedge angle) / n Expression (Y)
- n is an integer of 2 or more.
- N is the total number of points at which the partial wedge angle can be measured.
- a contact type thickness measuring instrument “TOF-4R” manufactured by Yamabun Electric Co., Ltd.
- TOF-4R Yamabun Electric Co., Ltd.
- the method for obtaining the partial wedge angle at the first point is as follows.
- the thickness is measured at 41 points at intervals of 2 mm from the one end of the intermediate film before the pressure bonding to a position of 80 mm from the position of the one end toward the other end.
- the thickness of the intermediate film before press-bonding (unit: ⁇ m) is the y-axis
- a linear line is obtained by the method of least squares.
- the method for obtaining the partial wedge angle at the second point is as follows.
- the thickness is measured at 41 points at intervals of 2 mm from a position of 10 mm from the one end to the other end of the intermediate film before the pressure bonding to a position of 90 mm from the one end to the other end.
- the partial wedge angles from the first to the nth points can be collectively expressed as follows. 41 points every 2 mm from the position (10 ⁇ A) mm from the one end to the other end of the intermediate film before the pressure bonding to the position (80 + 10 ⁇ A) mm from the one end to the other end.
- the thickness is measured (A is an integer of 0 or more).
- the distance from the position (10 ⁇ A) mm from one end (x 0 mm) to the thickness measurement point (unit: mm) from the position to the other end (unit: mm), and the thickness of the intermediate film before pressure bonding
- a linear line is obtained by the method of least squares with (unit ⁇ m) as the y-axis.
- a specific method for measuring the partial wedge angle at each point of every 10 mm interval of the intermediate film after the main pressure bonding The partial wedge angle is measured in the same manner as the partial wedge angle at each point of the intermediate film before the final press-bonding at every 10 mm interval.
- a non-contact multilayer film thickness measuring instrument “OPTIGAUGE” manufactured by Lumetrics
- the thickness of the intermediate film after the main press-bonding can be measured without changing the laminate.
- the method for obtaining the partial wedge angle at the first point is as follows.
- the thickness is measured at 41 points at intervals of 2 mm from the position of the one end of the intermediate film after the main compression bonding to the position of 80 mm from the one end toward the other end.
- the thickness of the intermediate film after the main pressure bonding (unit: ⁇ m) is the y axis.
- a linear line is obtained by the least square method.
- the method for obtaining the partial wedge angle at the second point is as follows.
- the thickness of the intermediate film after the main press-bonding is measured at 41 points every 2 mm from a position of 10 mm from the one end to the other end to a position of 90 mm from the one end to the other end.
- the partial wedge angles from the first to the nth points can be collectively expressed as follows. 41 points every 2 mm from the position of (10 ⁇ A) mm from the one end to the other end of the intermediate film after the main press-bonding to the position of (80 + 10 ⁇ A) mm from the one end to the other end (A is an integer of 0 or more).
- the distance (unit mm) from the position (10 ⁇ A) mm from one end to the other end (unit: mm) from the position (x 0 mm) to the other end of the intermediate film after the main compression bonding
- a linear line is obtained by the method of least squares with the thickness (unit: ⁇ m) as the y-axis.
- the intermediate film preferably includes a layer having an elastic modulus G ′ at 23 ° C. of 4 MPa or more, more preferably a layer of 8 MPa or more, and further preferably a layer of 20 MPa or more.
- the elastic modulus G ′ at 23 ° C. of the layer is equal to or higher than the lower limit, the change of the partial wedge angle is more effectively suppressed during the production of the laminated glass, and the double image in the laminated glass is more effectively suppressed. be able to.
- the intermediate film preferably includes a layer having a modulus of elasticity G ′ at 23 ° C.
- the elastic modulus G ′ at 23 ° C. of the layer as the surface layer is not less than the above lower limit, the change of the partial wedge angle is more effectively suppressed during the production of the laminated glass, and the double image in the laminated glass is further enhanced. It can be effectively suppressed.
- the elastic modulus G ′ at 23 ° C. of the layer whose elastic modulus G ′ at 23 ° C. is not less than the lower limit may be 55 Pa or less.
- the intermediate film according to the present invention includes the following intermediate film (1):
- the following interlayer film (2) is more preferable, and the following interlayer film (3) is more preferable.
- the first, second, third, fourth and fifth steps are performed in this order to obtain the intermediate film after the main press-bonding.
- the intermediate film and the second glass plate are in contact with each other at two or more points apart from each other.
- the first, second, third, fourth and fifth steps are performed in this order to obtain the intermediate film after the main press-bonding.
- the intermediate film and the second glass plate are in contact with each other at three or more points separated from each other.
- the first, second, third, fourth and fifth steps are performed in this order to obtain the intermediate film after the main press-bonding.
- the intermediate film and the second glass plate are in contact with each other at four or more points apart from each other.
- An intermediate film (3) After the intermediate film before press-bonding and the second glass plate come into contact with each other at two or more locations, the entire intermediate film before press-bonding and the second glass plate are in surface contact before the press-bonding is completed. May be.
- the separated distance (the intermediate film before press-bonding and the second glass plate are not in contact with each other)
- the distance may be 1 ⁇ m or more, 1 mm or more, 10 mm or more, 1 cm or more, or 10 cm or more.
- the above-mentioned distance is generally not 1 mm or more, and particularly 10 mm or more.
- the distance where the intermediate film before the press-bonding and the second glass plate are not in contact is the distance per one point where they are not in contact.
- the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth steps are performed in this order, after the third step and before the fourth step in obtaining the intermediate film after the main pressure bonding.
- the intermediate film before pressure bonding and the second film are separated at two or more points apart from each other.
- the glass plate may come into contact.
- the location where the intermediate film before the press bonding and the second glass plate first contact each other may be one location.
- the intermediate film before the press-bonding and the second glass plate may be brought into contact with each other at two or more positions apart from each other until the press-bonding is completed.
- the intermediate film according to the present invention includes the following intermediate film (2): It is preferable that After the third step and before the fourth step, the first, second, third, fourth and fifth steps are performed in this order to obtain the intermediate film after the main press-bonding.
- the intermediate film according to the present invention includes the following intermediate film (4):
- the following interlayer film (5) is more preferable, and the following interlayer film (6) is more preferable.
- the first, second, third, fourth and fifth steps are performed in this order to obtain the intermediate film after the main press-bonding.
- the intermediate film before pressure bonding and the second glass plate are separated from each other 4
- the first, second, third, fourth and fifth steps are performed in this order to obtain the intermediate film after the main press-bonding.
- the intermediate film before pressure bonding and the second glass plate are separated from each other 3 An intermediate film (5) that does not come into contact at more than one location.
- the interlayer film according to the present invention may have a shade region.
- the shade area may be separated from the display corresponding area.
- the shade region is provided for the purpose of preventing the driver during driving from feeling dazzled by, for example, sunlight or outdoor lighting.
- the shade region may be provided to provide heat shielding properties.
- the shade region is preferably located at the edge of the intermediate film.
- the shade region is preferably strip-shaped.
- a colorant or filler may be used to change the color and visible light transmittance.
- the colorant or filler may be included only in a partial region in the thickness direction of the intermediate film, or may be included in the entire region in the thickness direction of the intermediate film.
- the intermediate film according to the present invention has a display corresponding area corresponding to the display area of the head-up display, for example.
- the display corresponding area is an area where information can be displayed favorably.
- the visible light transmittance of the display corresponding region is preferably 80% or more, more preferably 88% or more, and still more preferably 90% or more.
- the visible light transmittance of the display corresponding region is preferably higher than the visible light transmittance of the shade region.
- the visible light transmittance of the display corresponding region may be lower than the visible light transmittance of the shade region.
- the visible light transmittance of the display corresponding region is preferably 50% or more, more preferably 60% or more higher than the visible light transmittance of the shade region.
- the visible light transmittance when the visible light transmittance changes in the intermediate film of the display corresponding region and the shade region, the visible light transmittance is measured at the center position of the display corresponding region and the center position of the shade region.
- the visible light transmittance at a wavelength of 380 to 780 nm of the obtained laminated glass can be measured according to JIS R3211 (1998).
- the display corresponding area preferably has a length direction and a width direction. Since the intermediate film is excellent in versatility, it is preferable that the width direction of the display corresponding region is a direction connecting the one end and the other end.
- the display-corresponding region is preferably strip-shaped.
- the intermediate film preferably has an MD direction and a TD direction.
- the intermediate film is obtained by, for example, melt extrusion molding.
- the MD direction is the flow direction of the intermediate film during the production of the intermediate film.
- the TD direction is a direction orthogonal to the flow direction of the intermediate film at the time of manufacturing the intermediate film, and is a direction orthogonal to the thickness direction of the intermediate film. It is preferable that the one end and the other end are located on both sides in the TD direction.
- the intermediate film has a portion having a wedge-shaped cross-sectional shape in the thickness direction.
- the cross-sectional shape in the thickness direction of the display corresponding region is preferably a wedge shape.
- FIG. 1A and 1B are a cross-sectional view and a front view schematically showing an interlayer film for laminated glass according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 1A is a cross-sectional view taken along the line II in FIG. Note that the size and dimensions of the interlayer film in FIG. 1 and the drawings to be described later are appropriately changed from the actual size and shape for convenience of illustration.
- FIG. 1A shows a cross section in the thickness direction of the intermediate film 11.
- FIG. 1 (a) and the drawings to be described later for convenience of illustration, the thickness of each layer constituting the intermediate film and the intermediate film, and the wedge angle ( ⁇ ) are shown to be different from the actual thickness and wedge angle. ing.
- the intermediate film 11 includes a first layer 1 (intermediate layer), a second layer 2 (surface layer), and a third layer 3 (surface layer). On the first surface side of the first layer 1, the second layer 2 is disposed and laminated. On the second surface side opposite to the first surface of the first layer 1, the third layer 3 is disposed and laminated. The first layer 1 is arranged between the second layer 2 and the third layer 3 and is sandwiched between them.
- the intermediate film 11 is used to obtain a laminated glass.
- the intermediate film 11 is an intermediate film for laminated glass.
- the intermediate film 11 is a multilayer intermediate film.
- the intermediate film 11 has one end 11a and the other end 11b on the opposite side of the one end 11a.
- the one end 11a and the other end 11b are opposite ends on opposite sides.
- the cross-sectional shape in the thickness direction of the second layer 2 and the third layer 3 is a wedge shape.
- the cross-sectional shape in the thickness direction of the first layer 1 is a rectangle.
- the thicknesses of the second layer 2 and the third layer 3 are larger on the other end 11b side than on the one end 11a side. Therefore, the thickness of the other end 11b of the intermediate film 11 is larger than the thickness of the one end 11a. Therefore, the intermediate film 11 has a thin region and a thick region.
- the intermediate film 11 has a region where the thickness increases from the one end 11a side to the other end 11b side. In the region where the thickness of the intermediate film 11 is increasing, the amount of increase in thickness is different from the one end 11a side to the other end 11b side.
- the inclination of the other surface of the intermediate film 11 with respect to one surface of the intermediate film 11 is not constant throughout the intermediate film 11.
- the intermediate film 11 actually has a concave portion or a convex portion on the surface, the concave portion or the convex portion is not shown in FIG. 1 because it is relatively small.
- the intermediate film 11 has a display corresponding region R1 corresponding to the display region of the head-up display.
- the intermediate film 11 has a surrounding region R2 next to the display corresponding region R1.
- the intermediate film 11 has a shade region R3 apart from the display corresponding region R1.
- the shade region R3 is located at the edge of the intermediate film 11.
- the intermediate film may have a shape shown in FIG. 1A and may be a single layer, two layers, or four or more layers.
- FIG. 4 is a perspective view schematically showing a roll body on which the interlayer film for laminated glass shown in FIG. 1 is wound.
- the intermediate film 11 may be wound to form a roll body 51 of the intermediate film 11.
- a roll body 51 shown in FIG. 4 includes a winding core 61 and an intermediate film 11.
- the intermediate film 11 is wound around the outer periphery of the winding core 61.
- FIGS. 2A and 2B are a sectional view and a front view schematically showing an interlayer film for laminated glass according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2A is a cross-sectional view taken along the line II in FIG.
- FIG. 2A shows a cross section in the thickness direction of the intermediate film 11A.
- the intermediate film 11A shown in FIG. 2 includes the first layer 1A.
- the intermediate film 11A has a single-layer structure including only the first layer 1A, and is a single-layer intermediate film.
- the intermediate film 11A is the first layer 1A.
- the intermediate film 11A is used to obtain a laminated glass.
- the intermediate film 11A is an intermediate film for laminated glass.
- the intermediate film 11A has one end 11a and the other end 11b on the opposite side to the one end 11a.
- the one end 11a and the other end 11b are opposite ends on opposite sides.
- the thickness of the other end 11b of the intermediate film 11A is larger than the thickness of the one end 11a. Accordingly, the intermediate film 11A and the first layer 1A have a thin region and a thick region.
- the intermediate film 11A has a region where the thickness increases from the one end 11a side to the other end 11b side. In the region where the thickness of the intermediate film 11A is increasing, the amount of increase in thickness is different from the one end 11a side to the other end 11b side. In the region where the thickness of the intermediate film 11A is increasing, the amount of increase in thickness is different from the one end 11a side to the other end 11b side.
- the inclination of the other surface of the intermediate film 11A with respect to one surface of the intermediate film 11A is not constant throughout the intermediate film 11A.
- the intermediate film 11A actually has a concave or convex portion on the surface, the concave or convex portion is not shown in FIG. 2 because it is relatively small.
- the intermediate film 11A and the first layer 1A have portions 11Aa and 1Aa whose cross-sectional shape in the thickness direction is rectangular, and portions 11Ab and 1Ab whose cross-sectional shape in the thickness direction are wedge-shaped.
- the intermediate film 11A has a display corresponding region R1 corresponding to the display region of the head-up display.
- the intermediate film 11A has a peripheral region R2 next to the display corresponding region R1.
- the intermediate film 11A has a shade region R3 apart from the display corresponding region R1.
- the shade region R3 is located at the edge of the intermediate film 11A.
- the intermediate film may have two or more layers in the shape shown in FIG.
- the intermediate film preferably has a portion having a wedge-shaped cross-sectional shape in the thickness direction.
- the intermediate film preferably has a portion where the thickness gradually increases from one end to the other end.
- the cross-sectional shape in the thickness direction of the intermediate film is preferably a wedge shape. Examples of the cross-sectional shape in the thickness direction of the intermediate film include a trapezoid, a triangle, and a pentagon.
- the intermediate film has a portion where the amount of increase in thickness increases from one end side to the other end side in the region where the thickness increases.
- the intermediate film preferably has a portion where the wedge angle increases from one end side to the other end side in the region where the cross-sectional shape in the thickness direction is wedge-shaped.
- the wedge angle ( ⁇ ) of the interlayer film can be appropriately set according to the mounting angle of the laminated glass.
- the wedge angle ( ⁇ ) is the wedge angle of the entire interlayer film.
- the wedge angle ( ⁇ ) of the interlayer film is preferably 0.1 mrad (0.00575 degrees) or more, more preferably 0.2 mrad (0.0115 degrees) or more.
- the wedge angle ⁇ is equal to or greater than the lower limit, a laminated glass suitable for a vehicle such as a truck or a bus with a large windshield mounting angle can be obtained.
- the wedge angle ⁇ of the interlayer film is preferably 2 mrad (0.1146 degrees) or less, more preferably 0.7 mrad (0.0401 degrees) or less. Further, when the wedge angle ⁇ is not more than the above upper limit, a laminated glass suitable for a vehicle such as a sports car with a small windshield mounting angle can be obtained.
- the wedge angle ( ⁇ ) of the intermediate film is the straight line connecting the surface portion (first surface portion) on one side of the intermediate film between the maximum thickness portion and the minimum thickness portion in the intermediate film, and the maximum thickness portion in the intermediate film. And an inner angle at the intersection of a straight line connecting the other surface portion (second surface portion) of the intermediate film with the minimum thickness portion.
- the maximum thickness portion for obtaining the wedge angle ⁇ is selected so that the required wedge angle ⁇ is maximized.
- the thickness of the intermediate film is not particularly limited.
- the thickness of the intermediate film indicates the total thickness of each layer constituting the intermediate film. Therefore, in the case of the multilayer intermediate film 11, the thickness of the intermediate film indicates the total thickness of the first layer 1, the second layer 2, and the third layer 3.
- the maximum thickness of the interlayer film is preferably 0.1 mm or more, more preferably 0.25 mm or more, further preferably 0.5 mm or more, particularly preferably 0.8 mm or more, preferably 3 mm or less, more preferably 2 mm or less, More preferably, it is 1.5 mm or less.
- the intermediate film preferably has a minimum thickness in a region having a distance of 0X to 0.2X from one end to the inside, and has a maximum thickness in a region having a distance of 0X to 0.2X from the other end to the inside. . More preferably, the intermediate film has a minimum thickness in a region with a distance of 0X to 0.1X from one end to the inside, and a maximum thickness in a region with a distance of 0X to 0.1X from the other end to the inside. preferable. Preferably, the intermediate film has a minimum thickness at one end and the intermediate film has a maximum thickness at the other end.
- the intermediate films 11 and 11A have a maximum thickness at the other end 11b and a minimum thickness at the one end 11a.
- the intermediate film may have a uniform thickness portion.
- the uniform thickness portion means that the thickness does not change more than 10 ⁇ m per 10 cm distance range in the direction connecting the one end and the other end of the intermediate film. Accordingly, the uniform thickness portion refers to a portion where the thickness does not change more than 10 ⁇ m per 10 cm distance range in the direction connecting the one end and the other end of the intermediate film. Specifically, the thickness uniform portion has no change in thickness in the direction connecting the one end and the other end of the intermediate film, or 10 cm in the direction connecting the one end and the other end of the intermediate film. This means a portion where the thickness changes at a distance of 10 ⁇ m or less per distance range.
- the maximum thickness of the surface layer is preferably 0.001 mm or more, more preferably 0.2 mm or more, and further preferably 0.3 mm or more. , Preferably 1 mm or less, more preferably 0.8 mm or less.
- the maximum thickness of the layer (intermediate layer) disposed between the two surface layers is preferably 0.001 mm or more, more preferably 0.1 mm. More preferably, it is 0.2 mm or more, preferably 0.8 mm or less, more preferably 0.6 mm or less, and still more preferably 0.3 mm or less.
- the distance X between one end and the other end of the intermediate film is preferably 3 m or less, more preferably 2 m or less, particularly preferably 1.5 m or less, preferably 0.5 m or more, more preferably 0.8 m or more, Especially preferably, it is 1 m or more.
- the interlayer film preferably contains a resin.
- a resin As for the said resin, only 1 type may be used and 2 or more types may be used together.
- the above resin includes a thermosetting resin and a thermoplastic resin.
- the intermediate film preferably contains a resin (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “resin (0)”).
- the interlayer film preferably contains a thermoplastic resin (hereinafter sometimes referred to as a thermoplastic resin (0)). It is preferable that an intermediate film contains polyvinyl acetal resin (Hereinafter, it may be described as polyvinyl acetal resin (0).) As a thermoplastic resin (0).
- the first layer preferably contains a resin (hereinafter sometimes referred to as resin (1)).
- the first layer preferably contains a thermoplastic resin (hereinafter sometimes referred to as a thermoplastic resin (1)).
- the first layer preferably contains a polyvinyl acetal resin (hereinafter sometimes referred to as a polyvinyl acetal resin (1)) as the thermoplastic resin (1).
- the second layer preferably contains a resin (hereinafter sometimes referred to as resin (2)).
- the second layer preferably contains a thermoplastic resin (hereinafter sometimes referred to as a thermoplastic resin (2)).
- the second layer preferably contains a polyvinyl acetal resin (hereinafter sometimes referred to as a polyvinyl acetal resin (2)) as the thermoplastic resin (2). It is preferable that the said 3rd layer contains resin (Hereinafter, it may describe as resin (3).).
- the third layer preferably contains a thermoplastic resin (hereinafter sometimes referred to as a thermoplastic resin (3)).
- the third layer preferably contains a polyvinyl acetal resin (hereinafter sometimes referred to as a polyvinyl acetal resin (3)) as the thermoplastic resin (3).
- the resin (1), the resin (2), and the resin (3) may be the same or different. Since the sound insulation is further enhanced, the resin (1) is preferably different from the resin (2) and the resin (3).
- the thermoplastic resin (1), the thermoplastic resin (2), and the thermoplastic resin (3) may be the same or different. Since the sound insulation is further enhanced, the thermoplastic resin (1) is preferably different from the thermoplastic resin (2) and the thermoplastic resin (3).
- the polyvinyl acetal resin (1), the polyvinyl acetal resin (2), and the polyvinyl acetal resin (3) may be the same or different.
- the polyvinyl acetal resin (1) is preferably different from the polyvinyl acetal resin (2) and the polyvinyl acetal resin (3).
- Each of the thermoplastic resin (0), the thermoplastic resin (1), the thermoplastic resin (2), and the thermoplastic resin (3) may be used alone or in combination of two or more. May be.
- Each of the polyvinyl acetal resin (0), the polyvinyl acetal resin (1), the polyvinyl acetal resin (2) and the polyvinyl acetal resin (3) may be used alone or in combination of two or more. May be.
- thermoplastic resin examples include polyvinyl acetal resin, polyester resin, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer resin, ethylene-acrylic acid copolymer resin, polyurethane resin, and polyvinyl alcohol resin. Thermoplastic resins other than these may be used.
- the polyoxymethylene (or polyacetal) resin is included in the polyvinyl acetal resin.
- the resin is preferably a thermoplastic resin.
- the thermoplastic resin is more preferably a polyvinyl acetal resin or a polyester resin, and further preferably a polyvinyl acetal resin.
- the polyvinyl acetal resin is preferably a polyvinyl butyral resin.
- the polyvinyl acetal resin can be produced, for example, by acetalizing polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) with an aldehyde.
- PVA polyvinyl alcohol
- the polyvinyl acetal resin is preferably an acetalized product of polyvinyl alcohol.
- the polyvinyl alcohol can be obtained, for example, by saponifying polyvinyl acetate.
- the saponification degree of the polyvinyl alcohol is generally in the range of 70 to 99.9 mol%.
- the average degree of polymerization of the polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) is preferably 200 or more, more preferably 500 or more, still more preferably 1500 or more, still more preferably 1600 or more, particularly preferably 2600 or more, and most preferably 2700 or more. Preferably it is 5000 or less, More preferably, it is 4000 or less, More preferably, it is 3500 or less.
- the average degree of polymerization is not less than the above lower limit, the penetration resistance of the laminated glass is further enhanced.
- the average degree of polymerization is not more than the above upper limit, the intermediate film can be easily molded.
- the average degree of polymerization of the polyvinyl alcohol is determined by a method based on JIS K6726 “Testing method for polyvinyl alcohol”.
- the carbon number of the acetal group contained in the polyvinyl acetal resin is not particularly limited.
- the aldehyde used when manufacturing the said polyvinyl acetal resin is not specifically limited.
- the acetal group in the polyvinyl acetal resin preferably has 3 to 5 carbon atoms, more preferably 3 or 4. When the carbon number of the acetal group in the polyvinyl acetal resin is 3 or more, the glass transition temperature of the intermediate film is sufficiently low. 4 or 5 may be sufficient as the carbon number of the acetal group in the said polyvinyl acetal resin.
- the aldehyde is not particularly limited. In general, aldehydes having 1 to 10 carbon atoms are preferably used. Examples of the aldehyde having 1 to 10 carbon atoms include formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, propionaldehyde, n-butyraldehyde, isobutyraldehyde, n-valeraldehyde, 2-ethylbutyraldehyde, n-hexylaldehyde, n-octylaldehyde, Examples include n-nonyl aldehyde, n-decyl aldehyde, and benzaldehyde.
- Propionaldehyde, n-butyraldehyde, isobutyraldehyde, n-hexylaldehyde or n-valeraldehyde is preferred, propionaldehyde, n-butyraldehyde or isobutyraldehyde is more preferred, and n-butyraldehyde is still more preferred.
- the said aldehyde only 1 type may be used and 2 or more types may be used together.
- the hydroxyl group content (hydroxyl group amount) of the polyvinyl acetal resin (0) is preferably 15 mol% or more, more preferably 18 mol% or more, preferably 40 mol% or less, more preferably 35 mol% or less. is there.
- the hydroxyl group content is at least the above lower limit, the adhesive strength of the interlayer film is further increased. Further, when the hydroxyl group content is not more than the above upper limit, the flexibility of the interlayer film is increased, and the handling of the interlayer film is facilitated.
- the hydroxyl group content (hydroxyl content) of the polyvinyl acetal resin (1) is preferably 17 mol% or more, more preferably 20 mol% or more, and further preferably 22 mol% or more.
- the hydroxyl group content (hydroxyl group amount) of the polyvinyl acetal resin (1) is preferably 30 mol% or less, more preferably 28 mol% or less, still more preferably 27 mol% or less, still more preferably 25 mol% or less, Particularly preferably, it is less than 25 mol%, most preferably 24 mol% or less.
- the hydroxyl group content of the polyvinyl acetal resin (1) is 20 mol% or more, the reaction efficiency is high and the productivity is excellent, and when it is 28 mol% or less, the sound insulation of the laminated glass is further enhanced. If the amount is 28 mol% or less, the sound insulation is further enhanced. Further, when the hydroxyl group content is not more than the above upper limit, the flexibility of the interlayer film is increased, and the handling of the interlayer film is facilitated.
- the content of each hydroxyl group in the polyvinyl acetal resin (2) and the polyvinyl acetal resin (3) is preferably 25 mol% or more, more preferably 28 mol% or more, more preferably 30 mol% or more, and still more preferably. It exceeds 31 mol%, more preferably 31.5 mol% or more, further preferably 32 mol% or more, and particularly preferably 33 mol% or more.
- the content of each hydroxyl group in the polyvinyl acetal resin (2) and the polyvinyl acetal resin (3) is preferably 38 mol% or less, more preferably 37 mol% or less, still more preferably 36.5 mol% or less, particularly preferably. Is 36 mol% or less.
- the hydroxyl group content is at least the above lower limit, the adhesive strength of the interlayer film is further increased. Further, when the hydroxyl group content is not more than the above upper limit, the flexibility of the interlayer film is increased, and the handling of the interlayer film is facilitated.
- the hydroxyl group content of the polyvinyl acetal resin (1) is preferably lower than the hydroxyl group content of the polyvinyl acetal resin (2). From the viewpoint of further increasing the sound insulation, the hydroxyl group content of the polyvinyl acetal resin (1) is preferably lower than the hydroxyl group content of the polyvinyl acetal resin (3). From the viewpoint of further improving sound insulation, the absolute value of the difference between the hydroxyl group content of the polyvinyl acetal resin (1) and the hydroxyl group content of the polyvinyl acetal resin (2) is preferably 1 mol% or more.
- the absolute value of the difference between the hydroxyl group content of the polyvinyl acetal resin (1) and the hydroxyl group content of the polyvinyl acetal resin (3) is preferably 1 mol% or more. More preferably, it is 5 mol% or more, more preferably 9 mol% or more, particularly preferably 10 mol% or more, and most preferably 12 mol% or more.
- the absolute value of the difference between the hydroxyl group content of the polyvinyl acetal resin (1) and the hydroxyl group content of the polyvinyl acetal resin (2) is preferably 20 mol% or less.
- the absolute value of the difference between the hydroxyl group content of the polyvinyl acetal resin (1) and the hydroxyl group content of the polyvinyl acetal resin (3) is preferably 20 mol% or less.
- the hydroxyl group content of the polyvinyl acetal resin is a value indicating the mole fraction obtained by dividing the amount of ethylene groups to which the hydroxyl group is bonded by the total amount of ethylene groups in the main chain, as a percentage.
- the amount of the ethylene group to which the hydroxyl group is bonded can be measured, for example, according to JIS K6728 “Testing method for polyvinyl butyral”.
- the degree of acetylation (acetyl group amount) of the polyvinyl acetal resin (0) is preferably 0.1 mol% or more, more preferably 0.3 mol% or more, still more preferably 0.5 mol% or more, preferably Is 30 mol% or less, more preferably 25 mol% or less, still more preferably 20 mol% or less.
- the acetylation degree is not less than the above lower limit, the compatibility between the polyvinyl acetal resin and the plasticizer is increased.
- the acetylation degree is not more than the above upper limit, the moisture resistance of the interlayer film and the laminated glass is increased.
- the degree of acetylation (acetyl group amount) of the polyvinyl acetal resin (1) is preferably 0.01 mol% or more, more preferably 0.1 mol% or more, still more preferably 7 mol% or more, still more preferably 9 It is at least mol%, preferably at most 30 mol%, more preferably at most 25 mol%, further preferably at most 24 mol%, particularly preferably at most 20 mol%.
- the acetylation degree is not less than the above lower limit, the compatibility between the polyvinyl acetal resin and the plasticizer is increased.
- the acetylation degree is not more than the above upper limit, the moisture resistance of the interlayer film and the laminated glass is increased.
- the degree of acetylation of the polyvinyl acetal resin (1) is 0.1 mol% or more and 25 mol% or less, the penetration resistance is excellent.
- Each degree of acetylation of the polyvinyl acetal resin (2) and the polyvinyl acetal resin (3) is preferably 0.01 mol% or more, more preferably 0.5 mol% or more, and preferably 10 mol% or less. More preferably, it is 2 mol% or less.
- the acetylation degree is not less than the above lower limit, the compatibility between the polyvinyl acetal resin and the plasticizer is increased.
- the acetylation degree is not more than the above upper limit, the moisture resistance of the interlayer film and the laminated glass is increased.
- the degree of acetylation is a value obtained by dividing the amount of ethylene groups to which the acetyl group is bonded by the total amount of ethylene groups in the main chain, as a percentage.
- the amount of ethylene group to which the acetyl group is bonded can be measured, for example, according to JIS K6728 “Testing method for polyvinyl butyral”.
- the degree of acetalization of the polyvinyl acetal resin (0) is preferably 60 mol% or more, more preferably 63 mol% or more, and preferably 85 mol% or less. Preferably it is 75 mol% or less, More preferably, it is 70 mol% or less.
- the degree of acetalization is not less than the above lower limit, the compatibility between the polyvinyl acetal resin and the plasticizer increases.
- the degree of acetalization is less than or equal to the above upper limit, the reaction time required for producing a polyvinyl acetal resin is shortened.
- the degree of acetalization of the polyvinyl acetal resin (1) is preferably 47 mol% or more, more preferably 60 mol% or more, and preferably 85 mol% or less. Preferably it is 80 mol% or less, More preferably, it is 75 mol% or less.
- the degree of acetalization is not less than the above lower limit, the compatibility between the polyvinyl acetal resin and the plasticizer increases.
- the degree of acetalization is less than or equal to the above upper limit, the reaction time required for producing a polyvinyl acetal resin is shortened.
- the degree of acetalization (degree of butyralization in the case of polyvinyl butyral resin) of the polyvinyl acetal resin (2) and the polyvinyl acetal resin (3) is preferably 55 mol% or more, more preferably 60 mol% or more. , Preferably 75 mol% or less, more preferably 71 mol% or less.
- degree of acetalization is not less than the above lower limit, the compatibility between the polyvinyl acetal resin and the plasticizer increases.
- the degree of acetalization is less than or equal to the above upper limit, the reaction time required for producing a polyvinyl acetal resin is shortened.
- the degree of acetalization is obtained as follows. First, a value obtained by subtracting the amount of ethylene groups bonded with hydroxyl groups and the amount of ethylene groups bonded with acetyl groups from the total amount of ethylene groups in the main chain is obtained. The obtained value is divided by the total amount of ethylene groups in the main chain to obtain the mole fraction. A value indicating the mole fraction as a percentage is the degree of acetalization.
- the hydroxyl group content (hydroxyl content), acetalization degree (butyralization degree), and acetylation degree are preferably calculated from results measured by a method in accordance with JIS K6728 “Testing methods for polyvinyl butyral”. However, measurement by ASTM D1396-92 may be used.
- the polyvinyl acetal resin is a polyvinyl butyral resin
- the hydroxyl group content (hydroxyl amount), the acetalization degree (butyralization degree), and the acetylation degree are determined in accordance with JIS K6728 “Testing methods for polyvinyl butyral”. It can be calculated from the results measured by
- the interlayer film according to the present invention preferably includes a plasticizer (hereinafter, sometimes referred to as a plasticizer (0)).
- the first layer preferably contains a plasticizer (hereinafter sometimes referred to as a plasticizer (1)).
- the second layer preferably contains a plasticizer (hereinafter sometimes referred to as a plasticizer (2)).
- the third layer preferably contains a plasticizer (hereinafter may be referred to as a plasticizer (3)).
- the intermediate film particularly preferably contains a plasticizer.
- the layer containing the polyvinyl acetal resin preferably contains a plasticizer.
- the plasticizer is not particularly limited.
- a conventionally known plasticizer can be used as the plasticizer.
- As for the said plasticizer only 1 type may be used and 2 or more types may be used together.
- plasticizer examples include organic ester plasticizers such as monobasic organic acid esters and polybasic organic acid esters, and organic phosphate plasticizers such as organic phosphoric acid plasticizers and organic phosphorous acid plasticizers. .
- organic ester plasticizers are preferred.
- the plasticizer is preferably a liquid plasticizer.
- Examples of the monobasic organic acid ester include glycol esters obtained by a reaction between glycol and a monobasic organic acid.
- Examples of the glycol include triethylene glycol, tetraethylene glycol, and tripropylene glycol.
- Examples of the monobasic organic acid include butyric acid, isobutyric acid, caproic acid, 2-ethylbutyric acid, heptylic acid, n-octylic acid, 2-ethylhexylic acid, n-nonylic acid, decylic acid and benzoic acid.
- polybasic organic acid ester examples include ester compounds of a polybasic organic acid and an alcohol having a linear or branched structure having 4 to 8 carbon atoms.
- polybasic organic acid examples include adipic acid, sebacic acid, and azelaic acid.
- organic ester plasticizer examples include triethylene glycol di-2-ethylpropanoate, triethylene glycol di-2-ethylbutyrate, triethylene glycol di-2-ethylhexanoate, triethylene glycol dicaprylate, Triethylene glycol di-n-octanoate, triethylene glycol di-n-heptanoate, tetraethylene glycol di-n-heptanoate, dibutyl sebacate, dioctyl azelate, dibutyl carbitol adipate, ethylene glycol di-2-ethylbutyrate, 1,3-propylene glycol di-2-ethyl butyrate, 1,4-butylene glycol di-2-ethyl butyrate, diethylene glycol di-2-ethyl butyrate, diethylene glycol di-2-ethyl Hexanoate, dipropylene glycol di-2-ethylbutyrate, triethylene glycol di-2-eth
- organic phosphate plasticizer examples include tributoxyethyl phosphate, isodecylphenyl phosphate, triisopropyl phosphate, and the like.
- the plasticizer is preferably a diester plasticizer represented by the following formula (1).
- R1 and R2 each represents an organic group having 5 to 10 carbon atoms
- R3 represents an ethylene group, an isopropylene group or an n-propylene group
- p represents an integer of 3 to 10
- R1 and R2 in the above formula (1) are each preferably an organic group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms.
- the plasticizer preferably contains triethylene glycol di-2-ethylhexanoate (3GO), triethylene glycol di-2-ethylbutyrate (3GH) or triethylene glycol di-2-ethylpropanoate. .
- the plasticizer preferably contains triethylene glycol di-2-ethylhexanoate (3GO) or triethylene glycol di-2-ethylbutyrate (3GH), and triethylene glycol di-2-ethylhexanoate. More preferably, it includes an ate.
- the interlayer film according to the present invention comprises a thermoplastic resin and the above-described heat. It is preferable to provide a layer containing a plasticizer with a content of 25 to 45 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the plastic resin.
- the content of the plasticizer in the layer containing the thermoplastic resin and the plasticizer is more preferably 35 parts by weight or less, still more preferably 32 parts by weight or less, and particularly preferably 30 parts by weight or less.
- the content of the plasticizer (0) relative to the polyvinyl acetal resin (0) is defined as the content (0).
- the content (0) is preferably 25 parts by weight or more, more preferably 30 parts by weight or more, preferably 100 parts by weight or less, more preferably 60 parts by weight or less, and still more preferably 50 parts by weight or less.
- the content of the plasticizer (0) is not more than the above upper limit, the transparency of the interlayer film is further increased. Furthermore, when the content of the plasticizer (0) is not less than the above lower limit and not more than the above upper limit, the change of the partial wedge angle is more effectively suppressed during the production of the laminated glass, and the double image in the laminated glass is further enhanced. It can be effectively suppressed.
- the content (1) is defined as the content (1).
- the content (1) is preferably 50 parts by weight or more, more preferably 55 parts by weight or more, still more preferably 60 parts by weight or more, preferably 100 parts by weight or less, more preferably 90 parts by weight or less, still more preferably. Is 85 parts by weight or less, particularly preferably 80 parts by weight or less.
- 100 parts by weight of the resin (2) (when the resin (2) is a thermoplastic resin (2), 100 parts by weight of the thermoplastic resin (2); the resin (2) Is a polyvinyl acetal resin (2), the content of the plasticizer (2) relative to 100 parts by weight of the polyvinyl acetal resin (2) is defined as a content (2).
- 100 parts by weight of the resin (3) (when the resin (3) is a thermoplastic resin (3), 100 parts by weight of the thermoplastic resin (3); the resin (3) Is the polyvinyl acetal resin (3), the content of the plasticizer (3) relative to 100 parts by weight of the polyvinyl acetal resin (3) is defined as the content (3).
- the content (2) and the content (3) are each preferably 10 parts by weight or more, more preferably 15 parts by weight or more, still more preferably 20 parts by weight or more, particularly preferably 24 parts by weight or more, and most preferably 25 parts by weight or more.
- the content (2) and the content (3) are each preferably 45 parts by weight or less, more preferably 40 parts by weight or less, still more preferably 35 parts by weight or less, particularly preferably 32 parts by weight or less, and most preferably 30 parts by weight or less.
- the content (2) and the content (3) are equal to or higher than the lower limit, the flexibility of the intermediate film is increased and the handling of the intermediate film is facilitated.
- the content (2) and the content (3) are not more than the upper limit, the penetration resistance of the laminated glass is further enhanced.
- the content (1) is preferably greater than the content (2), and the content (1) is preferably greater than the content (3).
- the absolute value of the difference between the content (2) and the content (1), and the difference between the content (3) and the content (1) is preferably 10 parts by weight or more, more preferably 15 parts by weight or more, and still more preferably 20 parts by weight or more.
- the absolute value of the difference between the content (2) and the content (1) and the absolute value of the difference between the content (3) and the content (1) are each preferably 80 parts by weight or less. More preferably, it is 75 weight part or less, More preferably, it is 70 weight part or less.
- the intermediate film preferably contains a heat shielding material.
- the first layer preferably contains a heat shielding material.
- the second layer preferably includes a heat shielding material.
- the third layer preferably contains a heat shielding material.
- the said heat-shielding substance only 1 type may be used and 2 or more types may be used together.
- the heat-insulating substance preferably contains at least one component X of phthalocyanine compounds, naphthalocyanine compounds and anthracocyanine compounds, or contains heat-shielding particles. In this case, both the component X and the heat shielding particles may be included.
- the intermediate film preferably includes at least one component X among a phthalocyanine compound, a naphthalocyanine compound, and an anthracocyanine compound.
- the first layer preferably contains the component X.
- the second layer preferably contains the component X.
- the third layer preferably contains the component X.
- the component X is a heat shielding material. As for the said component X, only 1 type may be used and 2 or more types may be used together.
- the component X is not particularly limited.
- component X conventionally known phthalocyanine compounds, naphthalocyanine compounds and anthracocyanine compounds can be used.
- Examples of the component X include phthalocyanine, a derivative of phthalocyanine, naphthalocyanine, a derivative of naphthalocyanine, an anthocyanin, and an anthocyanin derivative.
- the phthalocyanine compound and the phthalocyanine derivative preferably each have a phthalocyanine skeleton.
- the naphthalocyanine compound and the naphthalocyanine derivative preferably each have a naphthalocyanine skeleton. It is preferable that each of the anthocyanin compound and the derivative of the anthracyanine has an anthracyanine skeleton.
- the component X is preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of phthalocyanine, phthalocyanine derivatives, naphthalocyanine, and naphthalocyanine derivatives. More preferably, it is at least one of phthalocyanine and phthalocyanine derivatives.
- the component X preferably contains a vanadium atom or a copper atom.
- the component X preferably contains a vanadium atom, and preferably contains a copper atom.
- the component X is more preferably at least one of a phthalocyanine containing a vanadium atom or a copper atom and a phthalocyanine derivative containing a vanadium atom or a copper atom.
- the component X preferably has a structural unit in which an oxygen atom is bonded to a vanadium atom.
- the content of the component X is preferably 0.001% by weight. Above, more preferably 0.005% by weight or more, still more preferably 0.01% by weight or more, particularly preferably 0.02% by weight or more.
- the content of the component X is preferably 0.2% by weight in 100% by weight of the intermediate film or 100% by weight of the layer containing the component X (first layer, second layer, or third layer). Below, more preferably 0.1% by weight or less, still more preferably 0.05% by weight or less, and particularly preferably 0.04% by weight or less.
- the content of the component X is not less than the above lower limit and not more than the above upper limit, the heat shielding property is sufficiently high and the visible light transmittance is sufficiently high.
- the visible light transmittance can be 70% or more.
- Thermal barrier particles The intermediate film preferably contains heat shielding particles.
- the first layer preferably contains the heat shielding particles.
- the second layer preferably includes the heat shielding particles.
- the third layer preferably contains the heat shielding particles.
- the heat shielding particles are heat shielding materials. By using heat shielding particles, infrared rays (heat rays) can be effectively blocked. As for the said heat-shielding particle, only 1 type may be used and 2 or more types may be used together.
- the heat shielding particles are more preferably metal oxide particles.
- the heat shielding particles are preferably particles (metal oxide particles) formed of a metal oxide.
- Infrared rays having a wavelength longer than 780 nm longer than visible light have a smaller amount of energy than ultraviolet rays.
- infrared rays have a large thermal effect, and when infrared rays are absorbed by a substance, they are released as heat. For this reason, infrared rays are generally called heat rays.
- heat shielding particles By using the heat shielding particles, infrared rays (heat rays) can be effectively blocked.
- the heat shielding particles mean particles that can absorb infrared rays.
- heat shielding particles include aluminum-doped tin oxide particles, indium-doped tin oxide particles, antimony-doped tin oxide particles (ATO particles), gallium-doped zinc oxide particles (GZO particles), and indium-doped zinc oxide particles (IZO particles).
- Aluminum doped zinc oxide particles (AZO particles), niobium doped titanium oxide particles, sodium doped tungsten oxide particles, cesium doped tungsten oxide particles, thallium doped tungsten oxide particles, rubidium doped tungsten oxide particles, tin doped indium oxide particles (ITO particles) And metal oxide particles such as tin-doped zinc oxide particles and silicon-doped zinc oxide particles, and lanthanum hexaboride (LaB 6 ) particles. Heat shielding particles other than these may be used.
- Metal oxide particles are preferred because of their high heat ray shielding function, ATO particles, GZO particles, IZO particles, ITO particles or tungsten oxide particles are more preferred, and ITO particles or tungsten oxide particles are particularly preferred.
- tin-doped indium oxide particles (ITO particles) are preferable, and tungsten oxide particles are also preferable because they have a high heat ray shielding function and are easily available.
- the tungsten oxide particles are preferably metal-doped tungsten oxide particles.
- the “tungsten oxide particles” include metal-doped tungsten oxide particles. Specific examples of the metal-doped tungsten oxide particles include sodium-doped tungsten oxide particles, cesium-doped tungsten oxide particles, thallium-doped tungsten oxide particles, and rubidium-doped tungsten oxide particles.
- cesium-doped tungsten oxide particles are particularly preferable.
- the cesium-doped tungsten oxide particles are preferably tungsten oxide particles represented by the formula: Cs 0.33 WO 3 .
- the average particle diameter of the heat shielding particles is preferably 0.01 ⁇ m or more, more preferably 0.02 ⁇ m or more, preferably 0.1 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 0.05 ⁇ m or less.
- the average particle size is not less than the above lower limit, the heat ray shielding property is sufficiently increased.
- the average particle size is not more than the above upper limit, the dispersibility of the heat shielding particles is increased.
- the above “average particle diameter” indicates the volume average particle diameter.
- the average particle diameter can be measured using a particle size distribution measuring device (“UPA-EX150” manufactured by Nikkiso Co., Ltd.) or the like.
- the content is preferably 0.01% by weight or more, more preferably 0.1% by weight or more, still more preferably 1% by weight or more, and particularly preferably 1.5% by weight or more.
- the content is preferably 6% by weight or less, more preferably 5.5% by weight or less, still more preferably 4% by weight or less, particularly preferably 3.5% by weight or less, and most preferably 3% by weight or less.
- the content of the heat shielding particles is not less than the above lower limit and not more than the above upper limit, the heat shielding property is sufficiently high and the visible light transmittance is sufficiently high.
- the intermediate film preferably contains at least one metal salt (hereinafter sometimes referred to as metal salt M) among alkali metal salts, alkaline earth metal salts, and magnesium salts.
- the first layer preferably includes the metal salt M.
- the second layer preferably contains the metal salt M.
- the third layer preferably contains the metal salt M.
- Use of the metal salt M makes it easy to control the adhesion between the interlayer film and a laminated glass member such as a glass plate or the adhesion between the layers in the interlayer film.
- the said metal salt M only 1 type may be used and 2 or more types may be used together.
- the metal salt M preferably contains at least one metal selected from the group consisting of Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Mg, Ca, Sr and Ba.
- the metal salt contained in the interlayer film preferably contains at least one metal of K and Mg.
- the metal salt M is an alkali metal salt of an organic acid having 2 to 16 carbon atoms, an alkaline earth metal salt of an organic acid having 2 to 16 carbon atoms, or a magnesium salt of an organic acid having 2 to 16 carbon atoms. Is more preferable, and it is more preferably a carboxylic acid magnesium salt having 2 to 16 carbon atoms or a carboxylic acid potassium salt having 2 to 16 carbon atoms.
- Examples of the C 2-16 carboxylic acid magnesium salt and the C 2-16 carboxylic acid potassium salt include magnesium acetate, potassium acetate, magnesium propionate, potassium propionate, magnesium 2-ethylbutyrate, 2-ethylbutanoic acid. Examples include potassium, magnesium 2-ethylhexanoate, and potassium 2-ethylhexanoate.
- the total content of Mg and K in the intermediate film containing the metal salt M or the layer containing the metal salt M (the first layer, the second layer, or the third layer) is preferably 5 ppm or more. Preferably it is 10 ppm or more, More preferably, it is 20 ppm or more, Preferably it is 300 ppm or less, More preferably, it is 250 ppm or less, More preferably, it is 200 ppm or less.
- the total content of Mg and K is not less than the above lower limit and not more than the above upper limit, the adhesion between the interlayer film and the glass plate or the adhesion between the layers in the interlayer film can be controlled even better.
- the intermediate film preferably contains an ultraviolet shielding agent.
- the first layer preferably contains an ultraviolet shielding agent.
- the second layer preferably contains an ultraviolet shielding agent.
- the third layer preferably contains an ultraviolet shielding agent.
- the ultraviolet shielding agent includes an ultraviolet absorber.
- the ultraviolet shielding agent is preferably an ultraviolet absorber.
- the ultraviolet shielding agent examples include an ultraviolet shielding agent containing a metal atom, an ultraviolet shielding agent containing a metal oxide, an ultraviolet shielding agent having a benzotriazole structure (benzotriazole compound), and an ultraviolet shielding agent having a benzophenone structure (benzophenone compound). ), UV screening agent having triazine structure (triazine compound), UV screening agent having malonate ester structure (malonic acid ester compound), UV screening agent having oxalic acid anilide structure (oxalic acid anilide compound) and benzoate structure Examples thereof include an ultraviolet shielding agent (benzoate compound).
- Examples of the ultraviolet shielding agent containing a metal atom include platinum particles, particles having platinum particles coated with silica, palladium particles, and particles having palladium particles coated with silica.
- the ultraviolet shielding agent is preferably not a heat shielding particle.
- the ultraviolet shielding agent is preferably an ultraviolet shielding agent having a benzotriazole structure, an ultraviolet shielding agent having a benzophenone structure, an ultraviolet shielding agent having a triazine structure, or an ultraviolet shielding agent having a benzoate structure.
- the ultraviolet shielding agent is more preferably an ultraviolet shielding agent having a benzotriazole structure or an ultraviolet shielding agent having a benzophenone structure, and more preferably an ultraviolet shielding agent having a benzotriazole structure.
- Examples of the ultraviolet shielding agent containing the metal oxide include zinc oxide, titanium oxide, and cerium oxide. Furthermore, the surface may be coat
- the insulating metal oxide examples include silica, alumina and zirconia.
- the insulating metal oxide has a band gap energy of 5.0 eV or more, for example.
- Examples of the ultraviolet screening agent having the benzotriazole structure include 2- (2′-hydroxy-5′-methylphenyl) benzotriazole (“TinvinP” manufactured by BASF), 2- (2′-hydroxy-3 ′, 5′-di-t-butylphenyl) benzotriazole (“Tinvin 320” manufactured by BASF), 2- (2′-hydroxy-3′-t-butyl-5-methylphenyl) -5-chlorobenzotriazole (BASF) And “Tinuvin 326” manufactured by BASF, etc.) and the like.
- the ultraviolet shielding agent is preferably an ultraviolet shielding agent having a benzotriazole structure containing a halogen atom, and may be an ultraviolet shielding agent having a benzotriazole structure containing a chlorine atom. More preferred.
- Examples of the ultraviolet shielding agent having the benzophenone structure include octabenzone (“Chimasorb 81” manufactured by BASF).
- UV shielding agent having the triazine structure examples include “LA-F70” manufactured by ADEKA and 2- (4,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl) -5-[(hexyl). Oxy] -phenol (“Tinuvin 1577FF” manufactured by BASF) and the like.
- UV screening agent having a malonic ester structure examples include dimethyl 2- (p-methoxybenzylidene) malonate, tetraethyl-2,2- (1,4-phenylenedimethylidene) bismalonate, and 2- (p-methoxybenzylidene).
- 2- (p-methoxybenzylidene) malonate examples include dimethyl 2- (p-methoxybenzylidene) malonate, tetraethyl-2,2- (1,4-phenylenedimethylidene) bismalonate, and 2- (p-methoxybenzylidene).
- Examples of commercially available ultraviolet screening agents having a malonic ester structure include Hostavin B-CAP, Hostavin PR-25, and Hostavin PR-31 (all manufactured by Clariant).
- Examples of the ultraviolet shielding agent having the oxalic anilide structure include N- (2-ethylphenyl) -N ′-(2-ethoxy-5-tert-butylphenyl) oxalic acid diamide, N- (2-ethylphenyl)- Oxalic acid diamides having an aryl group substituted on the nitrogen atom such as N ′-(2-ethoxy-phenyl) oxalic acid diamide, 2-ethyl-2′-ethoxy-oxyanilide (“SlandorVSU” manufactured by Clariant)kind.
- ultraviolet shielding agent having the benzoate structure examples include 2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl-3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzoate (“Tinuvin 120” manufactured by BASF). .
- the content of the ultraviolet shielding agent and the content of the benttriazole compound in 100% by weight of the intermediate film or 100% by weight of the layer containing the ultraviolet shielding agent (first layer, second layer or third layer). Is preferably 0.1% by weight or more, more preferably 0.2% by weight or more, still more preferably 0.3% by weight or more, and particularly preferably 0.5% by weight or more.
- the content of the ultraviolet shielding agent and the content of the benttriazole compound in 100% by weight of the intermediate film or 100% by weight of the layer containing the ultraviolet shielding agent (first layer, second layer or third layer). Is preferably 2.5% by weight or less, more preferably 2% by weight or less, still more preferably 1% by weight or less, and particularly preferably 0.8% by weight or less.
- the content of the ultraviolet shielding agent is not less than the above lower limit and not more than the above upper limit, a decrease in visible light transmittance after a lapse of time can be further suppressed.
- the content of the ultraviolet shielding agent is 0.2% by weight or more, thereby reducing the visible light transmittance after the passage of the intermediate film and the laminated glass. Remarkably suppressed.
- the intermediate film preferably contains an antioxidant.
- the first layer preferably contains an antioxidant.
- the second layer preferably contains an antioxidant.
- the third layer preferably contains an antioxidant. As for the said antioxidant, only 1 type may be used and 2 or more types may be used together.
- antioxidants examples include phenol-based antioxidants, sulfur-based antioxidants, and phosphorus-based antioxidants.
- the phenolic antioxidant is an antioxidant having a phenol skeleton.
- the sulfur-based antioxidant is an antioxidant containing a sulfur atom.
- the phosphorus antioxidant is an antioxidant containing a phosphorus atom.
- the antioxidant is preferably a phenolic antioxidant or a phosphorus antioxidant.
- phenolic antioxidant examples include 2,6-di-t-butyl-p-cresol (BHT), butylhydroxyanisole (BHA), 2,6-di-t-butyl-4-ethylphenol, stearyl- ⁇ - (3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate, 2,2′-methylenebis- (4-methyl-6-butylphenol), 2,2′-methylenebis- (4-ethyl-6) -T-butylphenol), 4,4'-butylidene-bis- (3-methyl-6-t-butylphenol), 1,1,3-tris- (2-methyl-hydroxy-5-t-butylphenyl) butane Tetrakis [methylene-3- (3 ′, 5′-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate] methane, 1,3,3-tris- (2-methyl-4-hydro) Loxy-5-t-butylphenol) butane, 1,3,5-trimethyl-2,4,6
- Examples of the phosphorus antioxidant include tridecyl phosphite, tris (tridecyl) phosphite, triphenyl phosphite, trinonylphenyl phosphite, bis (tridecyl) pentaerythritol diphosphite, bis (decyl) pentaerythritol diphos.
- antioxidants examples include “IRGANOX 245” manufactured by BASF, “IRGAFOS 168” manufactured by BASF, “IRGAFOS 38” manufactured by BASF, “Smilizer BHT” manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical, and “ IRGANOX 1010 ".
- a layer in 100% by weight of the interlayer film or containing an antioxidant.
- the content of the antioxidant is preferably 0.1% by weight or more.
- the content of the antioxidant is preferably 2% by weight or less in 100% by weight of the intermediate film or 100% by weight of the layer containing the antioxidant.
- the intermediate film, the first layer, the second layer, and the third layer are respectively coupled to a coupling agent, a dispersant, a surfactant, a flame retardant, an antistatic agent, a pigment, and a dye as necessary.
- a coupling agent e.g., a dispersant, a surfactant, a flame retardant, an antistatic agent, a pigment, and a dye as necessary.
- Additives other than metal salts such as adhesive strength modifiers, moisture-proofing agents, fluorescent brighteners and infrared absorbers may be included. As for these additives, only 1 type may be used and 2 or more types may be used together.
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a laminated glass using the laminated glass interlayer film shown in FIG.
- the laminated glass 21 shown in FIG. 3 includes an intermediate film portion 11X, a first laminated glass member 22, and a second laminated glass member 23.
- the intermediate film part 11X is disposed between the first laminated glass member 22 and the second laminated glass member 23, and is sandwiched.
- the first laminated glass member 22 is disposed on the first surface of the intermediate film part 11X.
- the second laminated glass member 23 is disposed on the second surface opposite to the first surface of the intermediate film portion 11X.
- the intermediate film portion 11A is formed by the intermediate film 11 shown in FIG.
- the intermediate film portion 11A includes a first layer 1X derived from the first layer 1, a second layer 2X derived from the second layer, and a third layer 3X derived from the third layer. .
- the first layer 1 ⁇ / b> X is formed by the first layer 1.
- the second layer 2X is formed by the second layer 2.
- the third layer 3X is formed by the third layer 3.
- the laminated glass member examples include a glass plate and a PET (polyethylene terephthalate) film.
- the laminated glass includes not only laminated glass in which an intermediate film is sandwiched between two glass plates, but also laminated glass in which an intermediate film is sandwiched between a glass plate and a PET film or the like.
- Laminated glass is a laminated body provided with a glass plate, and preferably at least one glass plate is used.
- the first laminated glass member and the second laminated glass member are respectively a glass plate or a PET (polyethylene terephthalate) film, and the intermediate film is the first laminated glass member and the second laminated glass member. It is preferable that at least one glass plate is included. It is particularly preferable that both the first laminated glass member and the second laminated glass member are glass plates.
- the glass plate examples include inorganic glass and organic glass.
- the inorganic glass examples include float plate glass, heat ray absorbing plate glass, heat ray reflecting plate glass, polished plate glass, mold plate glass, wire-containing plate glass, and green glass.
- the organic glass is a synthetic resin glass that replaces the inorganic glass.
- the organic glass examples include polycarbonate plates and poly (meth) acrylic resin plates.
- the poly (meth) acrylic resin plate include a polymethyl (meth) acrylate plate.
- Each thickness of the first laminated glass member and the second laminated glass member is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1 mm or more, and preferably 5 mm or less.
- the thickness of the glass plate is preferably 1 mm or more, and preferably 5 mm or less.
- the thickness of the PET film is preferably 0.03 mm or more, and preferably 0.5 mm or less.
- the method for producing the laminated glass is not particularly limited.
- a laminate is obtained by sandwiching the intermediate film between the first and second laminated glass members.
- the first laminated glass member and the intermediate film and the second laminated glass member and the intermediate film are obtained by passing the obtained laminate through a pressing roll or putting it in a rubber bag under reduced pressure. Air remaining during the period is degassed.
- pre-bonding is performed at about 70 to 110 ° C. to obtain a pre-bonded laminate.
- the pre-pressed laminate is put in an autoclave or pressed and pressed at about 120 to 150 ° C. and a pressure of 1 to 1.5 MPa. In this way, a laminated glass can be obtained.
- the laminated glass can be used for automobiles, railway vehicles, aircraft, ships, buildings, and the like.
- the laminated glass is preferably laminated glass for buildings or vehicles, and more preferably laminated glass for vehicles.
- the laminated glass can be used for other purposes.
- the laminated glass can be used for an automobile windshield, side glass, rear glass, roof glass, or the like. Since the heat shielding property is high and the visible light transmittance is high, the laminated glass is suitably used for automobiles.
- the laminated glass is a laminated glass that is a head-up display (HUD).
- measurement information such as speed transmitted from the control unit can be displayed on the windshield from the display unit of the instrument panel. For this reason, the driver
- n-butyraldehyde having 4 carbon atoms is used for acetalization.
- the degree of acetalization degree of butyralization
- the degree of acetylation degree of acetylation
- the hydroxyl group content were measured by a method based on JIS K6728 “Testing methods for polyvinyl butyral”.
- ASTM D1396-92 the same numerical value as the method based on JIS K6728 “Testing method for polyvinyl butyral” was shown.
- Example 1 Preparation of a composition for forming the first layer:
- the following ingredients were blended and sufficiently kneaded with a mixing roll to obtain a composition for forming the first layer.
- Other components were added to the polyvinyl acetal resin.
- Polyvinyl acetal resin (hydroxyl content 22 mol%, acetylation degree 13 mol%, acetalization degree 65 mol%) 100 parts by weight Triethylene glycol di-2-ethylhexanoate (3GO) 60 parts by weight Tinuvin 326 (2- (2′-hydroxy-3′-t-butyl-5-methylphenyl) -5-chlorobenzotriazole, “Tinvin 326” manufactured by BASF) 0.2 parts by weight BHT (2,6-di-t-butyl-p -Cresol) 0.2 parts by weight
- the following blending components were blended and sufficiently kneaded with a mixing roll to obtain a composition for forming the second layer and the third layer.
- Other components were added to the polyvinyl acetal resin.
- Polyvinyl acetal resin (hydroxyl content 30.5 mol%, acetylation degree 1 mol%, acetalization degree 68.5 mol%) 100 parts by weight Triethylene glycol di-2-ethylhexanoate (3GO) 38 parts by weight Tinuvin 326 (2- (2′-hydroxy-3′-t-butyl-5-methylphenyl) -5-chlorobenzotriazole, “Tinvin 326” manufactured by BASF) 0.2 parts by weight BHT (2,6-di-t -Butyl-p-cresol) 0.2 parts by weight
- Preparation of intermediate film before crimping The composition for forming the first layer and the composition for forming the second layer and the third layer were coextruded using a coextruder.
- the intermediate film was heated to 100 ° C. to 150 ° C. and held within 5 minutes and returned to room temperature.
- a first glass plate having the same size as the obtained intermediate film before pressure bonding and a thickness of 2 mm was prepared.
- a second glass plate having the same size as the obtained intermediate film before pressure bonding and a thickness of 2 mm was prepared.
- As the first glass plate and the second glass plate float plate glass conforming to JIS 3202-2011 was used. (First Step) On the first glass plate, the intermediate film before pressure bonding was placed from one surface side.
- (second step) one end of the second glass plate is aligned with one end of the intermediate film before press-bonding on the intermediate film before press-bonding, and the surface direction of the second glass plate is set to the first 1 was placed on the other surface of the intermediate film before pressure bonding in a direction perpendicular to the glass plate surface direction.
- the second glass was brought into contact with the other surface, and the weight of the second glass was balanced on the other surface of the intermediate film before the press bonding.
- pre-pressing was performed by a roll press at 240 ° C.
- (fifth step) final compression bonding was performed at 140 ° C. and a pressure of 1.3 MPa to obtain an intermediate film after final compression bonding.
- the obtained intermediate film after the main pressure bonding is a state of a laminate in which the intermediate film after the main pressure bonding is disposed between the first glass plate and the second glass plate.
- the intermediate film was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the following items were set as shown in Tables 1 and 2 below.
- Example 2 to 9, 11 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4 and 6 the same type of ultraviolet shielding agent and antioxidant as in Example 1 were added in the same amount as in Example 1 (100 parts by weight of polyvinyl acetal resin). 0.2 parts by weight).
- interlayer films were extruded using differently shaped molds.
- the following blending components were blended and sufficiently kneaded with a mixing roll to obtain a composition for forming a single-layer interlayer film.
- Other components were added to the polyvinyl acetal resin.
- Polyvinyl acetal resin (hydroxyl content 30.5 mol%, acetylation degree 1 mol%, acetalization degree 68.5 mol%) 100 parts by weight Triethylene glycol di-2-ethylhexanoate (3GO) 40 parts by weight Tinuvin 326 (2- (2′-hydroxy-3′-t-butyl-5-methylphenyl) -5-chlorobenzotriazole, “Tinvin 326” manufactured by BASF) 0.2 parts by weight BHT (2,6-di-t -Butyl-p-cresol) 0.2 parts by weight
- the composition for forming a single layer interlayer film was extruded using an extruder. After extruding the intermediate film, the intermediate film was heated to 100 ° C. to 150 ° C. and held within 5 minutes, and returned to room temperature.
- the intermediate film was obtained in the same manner as in Example 10 except that the following items were set as shown in Table 3 below.
- the blending amount of the plasticizer with respect to 100 parts by weight of the polyvinyl acetal resin in the interlayer film The minimum thickness and the maximum thickness in the interlayer film, the average of the change rate of the partial wedge angle, the maximum value of the change rate of the partial wedge angle Number of contact points after and before the fourth step
- Example 12 and Comparative Examples 5 and 7 the same type of ultraviolet shielding agent and antioxidant as in Example 10 were added in the same amount as in Example 10 (0.2% with respect to 100 parts by weight of polyvinyl acetal resin). Parts by weight).
- interlayer films were extruded using differently shaped molds.
- Elastic modulus measurement method A kneaded product of a composition for forming a layer or an intermediate film to be measured was prepared. The obtained kneaded material was press-molded at 150 ° C. with a press molding machine to obtain a resin film having a thickness of 0.35 mm. The obtained resin film was allowed to stand for 2 hours at 25 ° C. and a relative humidity of 30%. After standing for 2 hours, viscoelasticity was measured using “ARES-G2” manufactured by TA Instruments. As a jig, a parallel plate having a diameter of 8 mm was used. The measurement was performed under the condition that the temperature was decreased from 30 ° C. to ⁇ 50 ° C. at a temperature decrease rate of 3 ° C./min, and under the conditions of frequency 1 Hz and strain 1%.
- the elastic modulus may be measured as follows.
- the obtained interlayer film was stored for one month in an environment of room temperature 23 ⁇ 2 ° C. and relative humidity 25 ⁇ 5%, and then in the environment of room temperature 23 ° C. ⁇ 2 ° C., from the interlayer film to the second layer and the third layer
- the second layer and the third layer are obtained by peeling the layer.
- the obtained second layer and third layer were press-molded at 150 ° C. so that the thickness was 0.35 mm (150 ° C. for 10 minutes without pressure, 150 ° C. for 10 minutes with pressure).
- a resin film may be produced.
- the partial wedge angle was measured by the above-described method using “OPTIGUAGE” manufactured by Lumetrics.
- Each partial wedge angle at each 10 mm interval in the first region from a position of 40 mm from the one end of the intermediate film toward the other end to a central position between the one end and the other end was measured.
- each partial wedge at each point of the 10 mm interval in the second region from the position of 40 mm from the one end to the other end of the intermediate film to the position of 40 mm from the other end to the one end. The corner was measured.
- the change rate of the partial wedge angle at each point was obtained from the above formula (X).
- the largest value of the change rate of the partial wedge angle was set as the maximum value of the change rate of the partial wedge angle.
- Double image The obtained laminated body was installed in the position of the windshield. Display information was reflected on the laminated glass from the display unit installed below the laminate, and the presence or absence of a double image was visually confirmed at a predetermined position (entire display corresponding region). Double images were judged according to the following criteria.
- Double image is not confirmed
- Double image is confirmed only slightly, but there is no effect on actual use
- ⁇ Does not correspond to the criteria of ⁇ and ⁇
- the laminated glass using the interlayer films obtained in Examples 1 to 9 and 11 were confirmed to be excellent in sound insulation as a result of evaluating the sound insulation from sound transmission loss.
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Abstract
Description
上記圧着前の中間膜の10mm間隔ごとの各地点で部分楔角を求める方法は、以下の通りである。
上記本圧着後の中間膜の10mm間隔ごとの各地点で部分楔角は、上記本圧着前の中間膜の10mm間隔ごとの各地点で部分楔角と同様にして測定される。
中間膜は、樹脂を含むことが好ましい。上記樹脂は、1種のみが用いられてもよく、2種以上が併用されてもよい。
中間膜の接着力をより一層高める観点からは、本発明に係る中間膜は、可塑剤(以下、可塑剤(0)と記載することがある)を含むことが好ましい。上記第1の層は、可塑剤(以下、可塑剤(1)と記載することがある)を含むことが好ましい。上記第2の層は、可塑剤(以下、可塑剤(2)と記載することがある)を含むことが好ましい。上記第3の層は、可塑剤(以下、可塑剤(3)と記載することがある)を含むことが好ましい。中間膜に含まれている熱可塑性樹脂が、ポリビニルアセタール樹脂である場合に、中間膜(各層)は、可塑剤を含むことが特に好ましい。ポリビニルアセタール樹脂を含む層は、可塑剤を含むことが好ましい。
上記中間膜は、遮熱性物質を含むことが好ましい。上記第1の層は、遮熱性物質を含むことが好ましい。上記第2の層は、遮熱性物質を含むことが好ましい。上記第3の層は、遮熱性物質を含むことが好ましい。上記遮熱性物質は、1種のみが用いられてもよく、2種以上が併用されてもよい。
上記中間膜は、フタロシアニン化合物、ナフタロシアニン化合物及びアントラシアニン化合物の内の少なくとも1種の成分Xを含むことが好ましい。上記第1の層は、上記成分Xを含むことが好ましい。上記第2の層は、上記成分Xを含むことが好ましい。上記第3の層は、上記成分Xを含むことが好ましい。上記成分Xは遮熱性物質である。上記成分Xは、1種のみが用いられてもよく、2種以上が併用されてもよい。
上記中間膜は、遮熱粒子を含むことが好ましい。上記第1の層は、上記遮熱粒子を含むことが好ましい。上記第2の層は、上記遮熱粒子を含むことが好ましい。上記第3の層は、上記遮熱粒子を含むことが好ましい。上記遮熱粒子は遮熱性物質である。遮熱粒子の使用により、赤外線(熱線)を効果的に遮断できる。上記遮熱粒子は、1種のみが用いられてもよく、2種以上が併用されてもよい。
上記中間膜は、アルカリ金属塩、アルカリ土類金属塩及びマグネシウム塩の内の少なくとも1種の金属塩(以下、金属塩Mと記載することがある)を含むことが好ましい。上記第1の層は、上記金属塩Mを含むことが好ましい。上記第2の層は、上記金属塩Mを含むことが好ましい。上記第3の層は、上記金属塩Mを含むことが好ましい。上記金属塩Mの使用により、中間膜とガラス板などの合わせガラス部材との接着性又は中間膜における各層間の接着性を制御することが容易になる。上記金属塩Mは、1種のみが用いられてもよく、2種以上が併用されてもよい。
上記中間膜は、紫外線遮蔽剤を含むことが好ましい。上記第1の層は、紫外線遮蔽剤を含むことが好ましい。上記第2の層は、紫外線遮蔽剤を含むことが好ましい。上記第3の層は、紫外線遮蔽剤を含むことが好ましい。紫外線遮蔽剤の使用により、中間膜及び合わせガラスが長期間使用されても、可視光線透過率がより一層低下し難くなる。上記紫外線遮蔽剤は、1種のみが用いられてもよく、2種以上が併用されてもよい。
上記中間膜は、酸化防止剤を含むことが好ましい。上記第1の層は、酸化防止剤を含むことが好ましい。上記第2の層は、酸化防止剤を含むことが好ましい。上記第3の層は、酸化防止剤を含むことが好ましい。上記酸化防止剤は、1種のみが用いられてもよく、2種以上が併用されてもよい。
上記中間膜、上記第1の層、上記第2の層及び上記第3の層はそれぞれ、必要に応じて、カップリング剤、分散剤、界面活性剤、難燃剤、帯電防止剤、顔料、染料、金属塩以外の接着力調整剤、耐湿剤、蛍光増白剤及び赤外線吸収剤等の添加剤を含んでいてもよい。これらの添加剤は、1種のみが用いられてもよく、2種以上が併用されてもよい。
図3は、図1に示す合わせガラス用中間膜を用いた合わせガラスの一例を示す断面図である。
第1の層を形成するための組成物の作製:
トリエチレングリコールジ-2-エチルヘキサノエート(3GO)60重量部
Tinuvin326(2-(2’-ヒドロキシ-3’-t-ブチル-5-メチルフェニル)-5-クロロベンゾトリアゾール、BASF社製「Tinuvin326」)0.2重量部
BHT(2,6-ジ-t-ブチル-p-クレゾール)0.2重量部
トリエチレングリコールジ-2-エチルヘキサノエート(3GO)38重量部
Tinuvin326(2-(2’-ヒドロキシ-3’-t-ブチル-5-メチルフェニル)-5-クロロベンゾトリアゾール、BASF社製「Tinuvin326」)0.2重量部
BHT(2,6-ジ-t-ブチル-p-クレゾール)0.2重量部
第1の層を形成するための組成物と、第2の層及び第3の層を形成するための組成物とを、共押出機を用いて共押出した。実施例1では、中間膜を押出成形した後、中間膜を100℃~150℃に加熱して保持時間5分以内で保持し、常温に戻した。第2の層/第1の層/第3の層の積層構造を有する楔状の中間膜を作製した。なお、後述する実施例2~12及び比較例1~7で得られた中間膜は、一端に最小厚みを有し、他端に最大厚みを有する。
得られた圧着前の中間膜と同じ大きさを有しかつ2mmの厚みを有する第1のガラス板を用意した。得られた圧着前の中間膜と同じ大きさを有しかつ2mmの厚みを有する第2のガラス板を用意した。第1のガラス板及び第2のガラス板として、JIS 3202-2011に準拠したフロート板ガラスを用いた。(第1の工程)上記第1のガラス板上に、上記圧着前の中間膜を一方の表面側から載せた。次に、(第2の工程)上記圧着前の中間膜上に上記第2のガラス板の一端を上記圧着前の中間膜の一端に揃えてかつ上記第2のガラス板の面方向を上記第1のガラス板面方向と直角方向にして、上記圧着前の中間膜の他方の表面上に載せた。次に、(第3の工程)上記第2のガラス板の上記一端を固定しながら上記第2のガラス板を傾けて倒して、上記第2のガラス板の表面を上記圧着前の中間膜の上記他方の表面に接触させ、かつ上記第2のガラスを上記圧着前の中間膜の上記他方の表面上で上記第2のガラスの重さがつり合う状態にした。その後、(第4の工程)240℃及び98N/cmの線圧力のロールプレスにて予備圧着した。次に、(第5の工程)140℃及び1.3MPaの圧力にて本圧着して、本圧着後の中間膜を得た。得られた本圧着後の中間膜は、本圧着後の中間膜が上記第1のガラス板と上記第2のガラス板との間に配置された積層体の状態である。
圧着前の中間膜の作製:
中間膜における最小厚み、最大厚み、上記部分楔角の変化率の平均、上記部分楔角の変化率の最大値
上記第3の工程の後かつ上記第4の工程の前の接触箇所数
得られた圧着前の中間膜を用いて、実施例1と同様にして、本圧着後の中間膜を含む積層体を作製した。
単層中間膜を形成するための組成物の作製:
トリエチレングリコールジ-2-エチルヘキサノエート(3GO)40重量部
Tinuvin326(2-(2’-ヒドロキシ-3’-t-ブチル-5-メチルフェニル)-5-クロロベンゾトリアゾール、BASF社製「Tinuvin326」)0.2重量部
BHT(2,6-ジ-t-ブチル-p-クレゾール)0.2重量部
単層中間膜形成するための組成物を、押出機を用いて押出した。中間膜を押出成形した後、中間膜を100℃~150℃に加熱して保持時間5分以内で保持し、常温に戻した。
得られた中間膜を用いて、実施例1と同様にして、本圧着後の中間膜を含む部分楔角測定用の積層体を作製した。
圧着前の中間膜の作製:
中間膜における最小厚み、最大厚み、上記部分楔角の変化率の平均、上記部分楔角の変化率の最大値
上記第3の工程の後かつ上記第4の工程の前の接触箇所数
(1)弾性率
実施例1~9,11及び比較例1~4,6の圧着前の中間膜における第2,3の層、並びに、実施例10,12及び比較例5,7の圧着前の中間膜の23℃での弾性率を、以下のようにして測定した。
測定する層又は中間膜を形成するための組成物の混練物を用意した。得られた混練物をプレス成型機で150℃でプレス成型して、厚みが0.35mmである樹脂膜を得た。得られた樹脂膜を25℃及び相対湿度30%の条件で2時間放置した。2時間放置した後に、TAインスツルメント社製「ARES-G2」を用いて、粘弾性を測定した。治具として、直径8mmのパラレルプレートを用いた。3℃/分の降温速度で30℃から-50℃まで温度を低下させる条件、及び周波数1Hz及び歪み1%の条件で測定を行った。
圧着前の中間膜の部分楔角の測定:山文電気社製「TOF-4R」を用いて、上述した方法にて、部分楔角を測定した。
得られた積層体をフロントガラスの位置に設置した。積層体の下方に設置した表示ユニットから表示情報を合わせガラスに反射させ、所定の位置(表示対応領域の全体)で二重像の有無を目視で確認した。二重像を下記の基準で判定した。
○○:二重像が確認されない
○:二重像がごくわずかに確認されるが、実使用上影響がないレベル
×:○○及び○の判定基準に相当しない
1Aa…厚み方向の断面形状が矩形である部分
1Ab…厚み方向の断面形状が楔状である部分
2,2X…第2の層
3,3X…第3の層
11,11A…中間膜
11X…中間膜部
11a…一端
11b…他端
11Aa…厚み方向の断面形状が矩形である部分
11Ab…厚み方向の断面形状が楔状である部分
21…合わせガラス
22…第1の合わせガラス部材
23…第2の合わせガラス部材
R1…表示対応領域
R2…周囲領域
R3…シェード領域
51…ロール体
61…巻き芯
Claims (13)
- 合わせガラスに用いられる合わせガラス用中間膜であって、
一端と、前記一端の反対側に他端とを有し、
前記他端の厚みが、前記一端の厚みよりも大きく、
前記一端から前記他端にかけて前記中間膜の厚みが均一に増加しておらず、
前記合わせガラス用中間膜を圧着前の中間膜として用いて、以下の第1、第2、第3、第4及び第5の工程をこの順で経て本圧着後の中間膜を得て、前記圧着前の中間膜及び前記本圧着後の中間膜のそれぞれにおいて、前記中間膜の前記一端から前記他端に向けて40mmの位置から前記一端と前記他端との間の中央の位置までの第1の領域中の10mm間隔ごとの各地点で各部分楔角を測定したときに、下記式(X)により求められる部分楔角の変化率の平均が10%以下である、合わせガラス用中間膜。
部分楔角の変化率(%)=|(本圧着後の中間膜の部分楔角-圧着前の中間膜の部分楔角)/(圧着前の中間膜の部分楔角)|×100 ・・・式(X)
第1の工程:圧着前の中間膜を一方の表面側から、第1のガラス板上に載せる。該第1のガラス板は、圧着前の中間膜と同じ大きさを有しかつ2mmの厚みを有する。該第1のガラス板は、JIS 3202-2011に準拠したフロート板ガラスである。
第2の工程:第2のガラス板を、前記第2のガラス板の一端を前記中間膜の一端に揃えてかつ前記第2のガラス板の面方向を前記第1のガラス板の面方向と直角方向にして、前記中間膜の他方の表面上に載せる。該第2のガラス板は、圧着前の中間膜と同じ大きさを有しかつ2mmの厚みを有する。該第2のガラス板は、JIS 3202-2011に準拠したフロート板ガラスである。
第3の工程:前記第2のガラス板の前記一端を固定しながら前記第2のガラス板を傾けて倒して、前記第2のガラス板の表面を前記中間膜の前記他方の表面に接触させ、かつ前記第2のガラスを前記中間膜の前記他方の表面上で前記第2のガラスの重さがつり合う状態にする。
第4の工程:240℃及び98N/cmの線圧力のロールプレスにて予備圧着する。
第5の工程:140℃及び1.3MPaの圧力にて本圧着して、本圧着後の中間膜を得る。得られる本圧着後の中間膜は、本圧着後の中間膜が前記第1のガラス板と前記第2のガラス板との間に配置された積層体の状態である。 - 前記中間膜の前記一端から前記他端に向けて40mmの位置から、前記他端から前記一端に向けて40mmの位置までの第2の領域中の10mm間隔ごとの各地点での各部分楔角を測定したときに、前記式(X)により求められる部分楔角の変化率の最大値が15%以下である、請求項1に記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。
- 前記第1、第2、第3、第4及び第5の工程をこの順で経て本圧着後の中間膜を得る際の前記第3の工程の後かつ前記第4の工程の前に、前記中間膜の前記一端の位置から前記一端と前記他端との間の中央の位置までの領域中で、離れた2箇所以上で、前記中間膜と前記第2のガラス板とが接触した状態になる合わせガラス用中間膜である、請求項1又は2に記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。
- 前記第1、第2、第3、第4及び第5の工程をこの順で経て本圧着後の中間膜を得る際の前記第3の工程の後かつ前記第4の工程の前に、前記中間膜の前記一端の位置から前記他端の位置までの領域中で、離れた3箇所以上で、前記中間膜と前記第2のガラス板とが接触した状態になる合わせガラス用中間膜である、請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。
- 23℃での弾性率G’が4MPa以上である層を備える、請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。
- 23℃での弾性率G’が4MPa以上である層を表面層として備える、請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。
- 熱可塑性樹脂を含む、請求項1~6のいずれか1項に記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。
- 可塑剤を含む、請求項1~7のいずれか1項に記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。
- 前記中間膜は、熱可塑性樹脂と、前記熱可塑性樹脂100重量部に対して25重量部以上、45重量部以下の含有量で可塑剤とを含む層を備える、請求項1~8のいずれか1項に記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。
- 第1の層と、
前記第1の層の第1の表面側に配置された第2の層とを備える、請求項1~9のいずれか1項に記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。 - 前記第1の層が、ポリビニルアセタール樹脂を含み、
前記第2の層が、ポリビニルアセタール樹脂を含み、
前記第1の層中の前記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂の水酸基の含有率が、前記第2の層中の前記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂の水酸基の含有率よりも低い、請求項10に記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。 - 前記第1の層が、ポリビニルアセタール樹脂を含み、
前記第2の層が、ポリビニルアセタール樹脂を含み、
前記第1の層が、可塑剤を含み、
前記第2の層が、可塑剤を含み、
前記第1の層中の前記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂100重量部に対する前記第1の層中の前記可塑剤の含有量が、前記第2の層中の前記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂100重量部に対する前記第2の層中の前記可塑剤の含有量よりも多い、請求項10又は11に記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。 - 第1の合わせガラス部材と、
第2の合わせガラス部材と、
前記第1の合わせガラス部材と前記第2の合わせガラス部材との間に配置された中間膜部とを備え、
前記中間膜部が、請求項1~12のいずれか1項に記載の合わせガラス用中間膜により形成されている、合わせガラス。
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RU2019132423A RU2019132423A (ru) | 2017-03-15 | 2018-03-14 | Промежуточная пленка для многослойных стекол и многослойное стекло |
CN201880016570.6A CN110382434B (zh) | 2017-03-15 | 2018-03-14 | 夹层玻璃用中间膜及夹层玻璃 |
MX2019010257A MX2019010257A (es) | 2017-03-15 | 2018-03-14 | Pelicula intermedia para vidrios laminados y vidrio laminado. |
JP2018515697A JP7221690B2 (ja) | 2017-03-15 | 2018-03-14 | 合わせガラス用中間膜 |
US16/488,837 US20210129502A1 (en) | 2017-03-15 | 2018-03-14 | Intermediate film for laminated glasses, and laminated glass |
BR112019017723-0A BR112019017723A2 (pt) | 2017-03-15 | 2018-03-14 | Película intermediária para vidros laminados, e vidro laminado |
EP18768365.1A EP3597613A4 (en) | 2017-03-15 | 2018-03-14 | INTERMEDIATE FILM FOR LAMINATED GLASS AND LAMINATED GLASS |
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EP3597613A1 (en) | 2020-01-22 |
CN110382434A (zh) | 2019-10-25 |
US20210129502A1 (en) | 2021-05-06 |
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