WO2018166518A1 - 一种基础施工装置及其施工法 - Google Patents

一种基础施工装置及其施工法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018166518A1
WO2018166518A1 PCT/CN2018/079252 CN2018079252W WO2018166518A1 WO 2018166518 A1 WO2018166518 A1 WO 2018166518A1 CN 2018079252 W CN2018079252 W CN 2018079252W WO 2018166518 A1 WO2018166518 A1 WO 2018166518A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
foundation
chain
base
frame
construction
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Application number
PCT/CN2018/079252
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王燏斌
Original Assignee
王燏斌
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Publication date
Application filed by 王燏斌 filed Critical 王燏斌
Priority to US16/495,080 priority Critical patent/US10954653B2/en
Publication of WO2018166518A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018166518A1/zh

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F5/00—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes
    • E02F5/02—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes for digging trenches or ditches
    • E02F5/06—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes for digging trenches or ditches with digging elements mounted on an endless chain
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D15/00—Handling building or like materials for hydraulic engineering or foundations
    • E02D15/02—Handling of bulk concrete specially for foundation or hydraulic engineering purposes
    • E02D15/04—Placing concrete in mould-pipes, pile tubes, bore-holes or narrow shafts
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D15/00—Handling building or like materials for hydraulic engineering or foundations
    • E02D15/08—Sinking workpieces into water or soil inasmuch as not provided for elsewhere
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
    • E02D17/13—Foundation slots or slits; Implements for making these slots or slits
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/22—Piles
    • E02D5/50—Piles comprising both precast concrete portions and concrete portions cast in situ
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/22—Piles
    • E02D5/52—Piles composed of separable parts, e.g. telescopic tubes ; Piles composed of segments
    • E02D5/523—Piles composed of separable parts, e.g. telescopic tubes ; Piles composed of segments composed of segments
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/08—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging elements on an endless chain
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/08—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging elements on an endless chain
    • E02F3/086—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging elements on an endless chain vertically shiftable relative to the frame
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/08—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging elements on an endless chain
    • E02F3/12—Component parts, e.g. bucket troughs
    • E02F3/14—Buckets; Chains; Guides for buckets or chains; Drives for chains
    • E02F3/146—Buckets; Chains; Guides for buckets or chains; Drives for chains guides for chains or buckets, e.g. for buckets movable relative to chains
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F5/00—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes
    • E02F5/16—Machines for digging other holes in the soil
    • E02F5/20—Machines for digging other holes in the soil for vertical holes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a foundation construction device and a construction method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of civil engineering foundation construction.
  • the existing large pile foundation technology adopts the overall excavation construction method, with long construction period, high labor intensity and poor working environment safety.
  • the invention provides a foundation construction device and a construction method thereof, the purpose of which is to overcome the defects existing in the prior art, and the main advantages thereof are: a foundation construction device equipped with earth bottom soil for excavating foundation at the top of the foundation, factory prefabricated foundation, construction Simple, short construction period and low cost.
  • the foundation construction device comprises a fixed guiding device 1 and a combined device 2, which is a construction device for the foundation 4 with a chain knife 3 at the bottom during construction;
  • the device 1 is composed of a fixed frame 1-1 and a guiding device 1-2;
  • the device 2 includes a chain cutter power transmission device 2-1, a spoil treatment device 2-2, and a frame 2-3, and the device 2-1 and the device 2-2 are both mounted on the frame 2-3.
  • the device 2-1 and the base 4 and the chain cutter 3 constitute a chain excavating device 5, the foundation 4 is a frame of the chain excavating device 5, the chain cutter 3 only excavates the rock at the bottom of the foundation 4, and the chain cutter 3 is chain 3-1 And the cutter 3-2 fixed on the chain 3-1 to excavate the rock; the device 1 guides the foundation 4 and/or the device 2 to make the foundation 4 into a vertical state; during construction, the device 2 is connected with the top of the foundation 4 In one piece, the device 2-1 drives the chain cutter 3 to run along the track on the foundation 4, the chain cutter 3 excavates the rock at the bottom of the foundation 4, and brings the excavated rock to the upper, and the device 2-2 takes the chain cutter 3 from The rock soil brought up from the bottom of the foundation 4 is separated from the chain cutter 3, and the device 2 is simultaneously lowered with the foundation 4.
  • the device 2-1 is composed of a chain cutter driving device 2-1-1, a chain knife tensioning device 2-1-2 and a sprocket 2-1-3; the frame 2-3 is moved within the guiding device 1-2.
  • the base 4 is also moved within the guiding device 1-2.
  • the invention has the advantages that the foundation top is equipped with a foundation construction device for excavating the bottom rock of the foundation, the factory prefabricated foundation, the construction is simple, the construction period is short, and the cost is low.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a base 4 as a base 4A, and is also a structural schematic diagram of a base 4A top joint assembly 2A, a chain cutter 3 having a digging rock at the bottom of the base 4A, and is also processed by a power transmission device 2A-1 and spoil.
  • Figure 2 is a view in the direction of arrow A of Figure 1, which is also a structural schematic diagram of the chain excavating device 5A composed of the device 2A-1 and the base 4A and the chain cutter 3, and is also fixedly guided by the fixed frame 1-1 and the guiding device 1-2.
  • Schematic diagram of the structure of the device 1, the fixed frame 1-1 may also be a construction vehicle or an engineering ship, and is also a structural schematic diagram of the movement of the frame 2A-3 and the base 4A in the guiding device 1-2;
  • Figure 3 is a B-direction view of Figure 1 (with the chain cutter 3 removed), and is also a power transmission consisting of a chain cutter driving device 2-1-1, a chain knife tensioning device 2-1-2 and a sprocket 2-1-3. Schematic diagram of the device 2A-1;
  • Figure 4 is a CC view of Figure 1, which is also a cross-sectional view of the frame 2A-3 of the combination device 2A, and is also a schematic view of the mud line 6-1 of the mud line device 6, and also the side of the base 4 with the bottom edged angle
  • Figure 5 is a D-D view of Figure 1, and is also a schematic structural view of the mud nozzle 6-2 on the bottom of the base 4A-1;
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of the chain cutter 3, which is also a schematic structural view of the chain 3-1 and the cutter 3-2, and is also a chain 3- consisting of A ten-byte 3-1-1 and B ten-byte 3-1-2.
  • a schematic diagram of the ten-byte structure of 1 is also a schematic diagram of the structure in which the chain 3-1 realizes space bending;
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of the base 4 as a combined base 4B, and is a structural schematic view of the combined base 4B top joint assembly 2B, and the chain cutter 3 having the excavated rock at the bottom of the combined base 4B;
  • Figure 8 is a view taken along the line A of Figure 7, and is also a schematic structural view of the combination device 2B composed of the power transmission device 2B-1, the spoil treatment device 2B-2, and the frame 2B-3, and is also composed of the device 2B-1 and the combination.
  • 4B and the chain knife 3 constitute a schematic diagram of the structure of the chain excavation device 5A;
  • Figure 9 is a B-direction view of Figure 7 (with the chain cutter 3 removed), and is also a power transmission consisting of a chain cutter driving device 2-1-1, a chain knife tensioning device 2-1-2 and a sprocket 2-1-3.
  • the schematic diagram of the structure of the device 2B-1 is also a top view of the fixed guiding device 1 composed of the fixed frame 1-1 and the guiding device 1-2;
  • Figure 10 is a CC view of Figure 7, also a cross-sectional view of the frame 2B-3 of the combination device 2B, also a cross-sectional view of the fixed frame 1-1, and also a schematic view of the mud line 6-1 of the mud line device 6. ;
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural view of a first stage combined base 4B-1 preform, and is also a schematic structural view of the first stage combined base 4B-1 being loaded into the fixed frame 1-1 at the site and the chain cutter 3 is installed;
  • Figure 12 is a schematic view showing the structure of the bottom of the frame 2B-3 in the apparatus 2B connected to the top of the first-stage combined base 4B-1, and also the chain of the chain cutter 3 at the bottom of the device 2B and the top of the first-stage combined base 4B-1. Schematic diagram of the connection of the knife 3;
  • Figure 13 is a device 2-1-1 driving the chain cutter 3 along the track on the foundation 4B, the chain cutter 3 excavating the rock at the bottom of the first section of the base 4B-1, and the device 2B along with the first section of the base 4B-1
  • Figure 14 is a schematic view showing the structure of the device 2B removed from the first segment base 4B-1;
  • Figure 15 is a structural schematic view showing the second stage base 4B-2 being installed in the frame 1-1, the bottom of the base 4B-2 being connected to the top of the first stage base 4B-1, and the second stage base 4B-2 A schematic structural view of the bottom chain cutter 3 connected to the chain cutter 3 at the top of the first section base 4B-1;
  • Figure 16 is a schematic view showing the structure of the bottom of the frame 2B-3 in the apparatus 2B connected to the top of the second section base 4B-2, and also the chain cutter 3 at the bottom of the apparatus 2B and the chain cutter 3 at the top of the second section base 4B-2. Connected structure diagram;
  • Figure 17 is a device 2-1-1 driving the chain cutter 3 along the track on the foundation 4B, the chain cutter 3 excavating the rock at the bottom of the first section of the foundation 4B-1, and bringing the excavated geologic soil to the upper structure
  • the schematic diagram is also a schematic diagram of the device 2B, the first segment base 4B-1 and the second segment base 4B-2 are synchronously descended to the set position;
  • Figure 18 is a schematic view showing the structure of the device 2B after being separated from the second segment base 4B-2;
  • Fig. 19 is a schematic view showing the structure in which the chain cutter 3 is poured into the concrete after the foundation 4B is lowered to the set position.
  • 1 is a fixed guiding device of the foundation construction device, which is composed of a fixed frame 1-1 and a guiding device 1-2; 1-1 is a fixed frame of the fixed guiding device 1; 1-2 is a fixed guiding device 1
  • the guiding device; 2 is a combined device of the basic construction device, including a chain cutter power transmission device 2-1, a spoil treatment device 2-2 and a frame 2-3; 2A is a combined device connected to the top of the first base 4A during construction , including chain cutter power transmission device 2A-1, spoil treatment device 2A-2 and frame 2A-3; 2B is a combined device connected to the top of the combined base 4B during construction, including the chain cutter power transmission device 2B-1, discarded
  • the foundation construction device comprises a fixed guiding device 1 and a combined device 2, which is a construction device for the foundation 4 with a chain knife 3 at the bottom during construction;
  • the device 1 is composed of a fixed frame 1-1 and a guiding device 1-2;
  • the chain cutter 3 constitutes a chain excavating device 5,
  • the foundation 4 is a frame of the chain excavating device 5, the chain cutter 3 only excavates the rock at the bottom of the foundation 4, and the chain cutter 3 is fixed by the chain 3-1 and fixed to the chain 3-1
  • the tool 3-2 is used to excavate the rock;
  • the device 1 guides the foundation 4 and/or the device 2 to make the foundation 4 into a vertical state; during construction, the device 2 is integrated with the top of the base 4, and the device 2-1 is driven.
  • the chain cutter 3 runs along the track on the foundation 4, the chain cutter 3 excavates the rock at the bottom of the foundation 4, and brings the excavated rock to the top, and the device 2-2 carries the chain cutter 3 from the bottom of the foundation 4 The soil is separated from the chain cutter 3, and the device 2 descends synchronously with the base 4.
  • the device 2-1 is composed of a chain cutter driving device 2-1-1, a chain knife tensioning device 2-1-2, and a sprocket 2-1-3.
  • the frame 2-3 is moved within the guiding device 1-2.
  • the base 4 is moved within the guiding device 1-2.
  • the fixed frame 1-1 is an engineering vehicle or an engineering ship.
  • the foundation 4 is a one-word foundation 4A, and the one-line foundation 4A is provided with a chain excavation device 5A for excavating the bottom of the foundation 4A, that is, a device 2A-1 is provided on the frame 2A-3 of the device 2A.
  • a combined foundation 4B composed of a plurality of one-word bases 4A, each of which is provided with a chain excavating device 5A for excavating only the bottom rock of the respective base 4A, that is, the frame of the device 2B is provided.
  • a chain excavating device 5A for excavating only the bottom rock of the respective base 4A, that is, the frame of the device 2B is provided.
  • the frame 2-3 in the apparatus 2 comprises a mud line arrangement 6 which is connected to a mud nozzle 6-2 at the bottom of the foundation.
  • the fixed frame 1-1 is a construction work platform of the foundation 4, and a lifting device is arranged above.
  • the excavating device 5 connects the mud pipeline 6-1 at the bottom of the device 2 with the mud pipeline 6-1 at the top of the first section foundation 4-1;
  • device 2-1-1 drives the chain cutter 3 to run along the track on the foundation 4-1, and the chain cutter 3 excavates the rock at the bottom of the first section of the base 4-1, and will have Excavating the geotechnical belt to the top, the device 2-2 separates the rock and soil brought by the chain cutter 3 from the bottom of the base 4-1 with the chain cutter 3;
  • the device 2 is synchronously lowered to the set position along with the first segment base 4-1;
  • the chain excavating device 4 connects the mud pipeline 6-1 at the bottom of the device 2 with the mud pipeline 6-1 at the top of the second section foundation 4-2;
  • device 2-1-1 drives the chain cutter 3 to run along the track on the foundation 4, and the chain cutter 3 excavates the rock at the bottom of the first section of the foundation 4-1, and the excavated
  • the rock belt is brought up to the upper portion, and the device 2-2 separates the rock soil brought by the chain cutter 3 from the bottom of the foundation 4 with the chain cutter 3;
  • the device 2 the first segment base 4-1 and the second segment base 4-2 are synchronously lowered to the set position;
  • the foundation construction device comprises a fixed guiding device 1 and a combination device 2, which is a construction device for the foundation 4 with a chain knife 3 at the bottom during construction;
  • the device 1 is fixed to the frame 1 -1 and guide device 1-2;
  • base 4 is a one-word base 4A, and the combined device 2A connected to the top of the first base 4A during construction includes a chain cutter power transmission device 2A-1, a spoil disposal device 2A-2 and a machine
  • the rack 2A-3, the device 2A-1 and the device 2A-2 are all mounted on the frame 2A-3, the device 2A-1 and the base 4A and the chain cutter 3 constitute a chain excavating device 5A, and the base 4A is a chain excavating device 5A
  • the frame, the chain cutter 3 only excavates the rock at the bottom of the base 4A, and the chain cutter 3 is composed of a chain 3-1 and a cutter 3-2 fixed to the rock for soiling on the chain 3-1;
  • the device 1 is paired with the base
  • the base 4 is a one-word base 4A
  • the device 2A-1 is composed of a chain cutter driving device 2-1-1, a chain knife tensioning device 2-1-2, and a sprocket 2-1-3.
  • the base 4 is a flat base 4A
  • the frame 2A-3 in the apparatus 2A includes a mud line device 6 connected to a mud nozzle 6-2 at the bottom of the base 4A. .
  • the base 4 is a combined base 4B, and the combined base 4B is composed of a plurality of one-word bases 4A, and each of the one-word bases 4A is provided with a chain excavating device for excavating only the bottom rock of the respective foundations.
  • 4A that is, the rack 2B-3 of the device 2B is provided with a plurality of devices 2A-1.
  • the foundation 4 is a combined base 4B, and the construction method is as follows:
  • the excavating device 5B connects the mud pipeline 6-1 at the bottom of the device 2B with the mud pipeline 6-1 at the top of the first section foundation 4B-1;
  • device 2-1-1 drives the chain cutter 3 to run along the track on the foundation 4B-1, and the chain cutter 3 excavates the rock at the bottom of the first segment of the base 4B-1, and Excavating the geotechnical belt to the top, the device 2B-2 separates the rock soil brought by the chain cutter 3 from the bottom of the base 4B-1 with the chain cutter 3;
  • the device 2B is synchronously lowered to the set position along with the first segment base 4B-1;
  • the chain excavating device 5B connects the mud line 6-1 at the bottom of the device 2B with the mud line 6-1 at the top of the second stage base 4B-2;
  • device 2-1-1 drives the chain cutter 3 to run along the track on the foundation 4B, and the chain cutter 3 excavates the rock at the bottom of the first section of the base 4B-1, and the excavated
  • the rock belt is brought up to the upper, and the device 2B-2 separates the rock soil brought by the chain cutter 3 from the bottom of the base 4B with the chain cutter 3;
  • the device 2B, the first segment base 4B-1 and the second segment base 4B-2 are synchronously lowered to the set position;

Abstract

一种基础施工装置，用于施工时底部带有链刀(3)的基础(4)的施工装置，包括固定导向装置(1)和组合装置(2)；固定导向装置(1)由固定机架(1-1)和导向装置(1-2)组成；组合装置(2)包括链刀动力传动装置(2-1)、弃土处理装置(2-2)和机架(2-3)。还公开了一种基础施工装置的施工方法。

Description

一种基础施工装置及其施工法 技术领域
本发明涉及的是一种基础施工装置及其施工法，属于土木工程基础施工技术领域。
背景技术
现有大型桩基础技术采用整体开挖施工方式，施工周期长，劳动强度大，工作环境安全度差。
发明内容
本发明提出的是一种基础施工装置及其施工法，其目的旨在克服现有技术存在的缺陷，其主要优点：基础顶部装有挖掘基础底部岩土的基础施工装置，工厂预制基础，施工简单，施工周期短，成本低。
本发明的技术解决方案：基础施工装置包括固定导向装置1和组合装置2，是用于施工时底部带有链刀3的基础4的施工装置；装置1由固定机架1-1和导向装置1-2组成；装置2包括链刀动力传动装置2-1、弃土处理装置2-2和机架2-3，装置2-1和装置2-2均安装在机架2-3上，装置2-1和基础4及链刀3组成链式挖掘装置5，基础4是链式挖掘装置5的机架，链刀3仅挖掘基础4底部的岩土，链刀3由链条3-1和固定于链条3-1上挖掘岩土的刀具3-2组成；装置1对基础4和/或装置2进行导向，使基础4成铅直状态；施工时，装置2与基础4顶部连接成一体，装置2-1驱动链刀3沿着基础4上的轨道运行，链刀3挖掘基础4底部的岩土，并将已挖掘的岩土带至上方，装置2-2将链刀3从基础4底部带上来的岩土与链刀3分离，装置2随着基础4一起同步下降。
装置2-1由链刀驱动装置2-1-1、链刀张紧装置2-1-2和链轮2-1-3组成；机架2-3是在导向装置1-2内运动的，基础4也是在导向装置1-2内运动的。
本发明的优点：基础顶部装有挖掘基础底部岩土的基础施工装置，工厂预制基础，施工简单，施工周期短，成本低。
附图说明
图1是基础4为一字基础4A的结构示意图，也是基础4A顶部连接组合装置2A，基础4A底部有挖掘岩土的链刀3的结构示意图,也是由动力传动装置2A-1、弃土处理装置2A-2和机架2A-3组成的组合装置2A的结构示意图；
图2是图1的A向视图，也是由装置2A-1和基础4A及链刀3组成链式挖掘装置5A的结构示意图，也是由固定机架1-1和导向装置1-2组成固定导向装置1的结构示意图,固定机架1-1也可以是工程车或工程船，也是机架2A-3和基础4A是在导向装置1-2内运动的结构示意图；
图3是图1的B向视图(去除链刀3)，也是由链刀驱动装置2-1-1、链刀张紧装置2-1-2和链轮2-1-3组成的动力传动装置2A-1的结构示意图；
图4是图1的C-C视图，也是组合装置2A的机架2A-3的截面视图，也是泥浆管路装置6的泥浆管路6-1的结构示意图，也是底部带刃角的基础4的侧面罩7与链刀3组成的链式输送机的结构示意图；
图5是图1的D-D视图,也是基础4A-1底部上的泥浆喷嘴6-2的结构示意图；
图6是链刀3的结构示意图，也是链条3-1和刀具3-2的结构示意图，也是由A十字节3-1-1和B十字节3-1-2组成的链条3-1的十字节的结构示意图，也是链条3-1实现空间弯曲的结构示意图；
图7是基础4为组合基础4B的结构示意图，也是组合基础4B顶部连接组合装置2B，组合基础4B底部有挖掘岩土的链刀3的结构示意图；
图8是图7的A向视图，也是由动力传动装置2B-1、弃土处理装置2B-2和机架2B-3组成的组合装置2B的结构示意图,也是由装置2B-1和组合基础4B及链刀3组成链式挖掘装置5A的结构示意图；
图9是图7的B向视图(去除链刀3)，也是由链刀驱动装置2-1-1、链刀张紧装置2-1-2和链轮2-1-3组成的动力传动装置2B-1的结构示意图,也是由固定机架1-1和导向装置1-2组成固定导向装置1的俯视图；
图10是图7的C-C视图，也是组合装置2B的机架2B-3的截面视图，也是固定机架1-1的截面视图,也是泥浆管路装置6的泥浆管路6-1的结构示意图；
图11是第一段组合基础4B-1预制件的结构示意图，也是第一段组合基础4B-1在现场装入固定机架1-1内并安装链刀3的结构示意图；
图12是装置2B中的机架2B-3的底部与第一段组合基础4B-1的顶部相连的结构示意图，也是装置2B底部的链刀3与第一段组合基础4B-1顶部的链刀3相连的结构示意图；
图13是装置2-1-1带动链刀3沿着基础4B上的轨道运行，链刀3挖掘第一 段基础4B-1底部的岩土，装置2B随着第一段基础4B-1一起同步下降至设定位置的结构示意图；
图14是将装置2B从第一段基础4B-1上移走后的结构示意图；
图15是将第二段基础4B-2装入机架1-1内,基础4B-2的底部与第一段基础4B-1的顶部相连的结构示意图，也是将第二段基础4B-2底部的链刀3与第一段基础4B-1顶部的链刀3相连的结构示意图；
图16是装置2B中的机架2B-3的底部与第二段基础4B-2的顶部相连的结构示意图，也是装置2B底部的链刀3与第二段基础4B-2顶部的链刀3相连的结构示意图；
图17是装置2-1-1带动链刀3沿着基础4B上的轨道运行，链刀3挖掘第一段基础4B-1底部的岩土，并将已挖掘的岩土带至上方的结构示意图，也是装置2B、第一段基础4B-1和第二段基础4B-2一起同步下降至设定位置的结构示意图；
图18是将装置2B从第二段基础4B-2上分离移走后的结构示意图；
图19是基础4B下降到设定的位置后，抽出链刀3灌注混凝土的结构示意图。
图中的1是基础施工装置的固定导向装置，由固定机架1-1和导向装置1-2组成；1-1是固定导向装置1的固定机架；1-2是固定导向装置1的导向装置；2是基础施工装置的组合装置，包括链刀动力传动装置2-1、弃土处理装置2-2和机架2-3；2A是施工时与一字基础4A顶部连接的组合装置，包括链刀动力传动装置2A-1、弃土处理装置2A-2和机架2A-3；2B是施工时与组合基础4B顶部连接的组合装置，包括链刀动力传动装置2B-1、弃土处理装置2B-2和机架2B-3；2-1是链刀的动力传动装置，由链刀驱动装置2-1-1、链刀张紧装置2-1-2和链轮2-1-3组成；2A-1是一字基础4A上链刀的动力传动装置，由链刀驱动装置2-1-1、链刀张紧装置2-1-2和链轮2-1-3组成；2B-1是组合基础4B上链刀的动力传动装置，由链刀驱动装置2-1-1、链刀张紧装置2-1-2和链轮2-1-3组成；2-1-1是链刀驱动装置；2-1-2是链刀张紧装置；2-1-3是链轮；2-2是组合装置2弃土处理装置；2A-2是组合装置2A的弃土处理装置；2B-2是组合装置2B的弃土处理装置；2-3是组合装置2的机架；2A-3是组合装置2A的机架；2B-3是组合装置 2B的机架；3是挖掘岩土的链刀，由链条3-1和固定于链条3-1上的刀具3-2组成；3-1是组成链刀3的链条；3-1-1是组成链条十字节的A十字节；3-1-2是组成链条十字节的B十字节；3-2是组成链刀3的刀具；4是基础；4A是一字基础；4B是组合基础，由若干个一字基础4A组成；4-1是第一段(即底段)基础；4A-1是第一段(即底段)一字基础；4B-1是第一段(即底段)组合基础；4-2是第二段基础；4A-2是第二段一字基础；4B-2是第二段组合基础；5是链式挖掘装置，由装置2-1和基础4及链刀3组成；5A是挖掘基础4A底部岩土的链式挖掘装置；6是泥浆管路装置；6-1是装置2中的机架2-3上的泥浆管路；6-2是基础底部4-1上的泥浆喷嘴；7是底部带刃角的基础4的侧面罩。
具体实施方式
基础施工装置包括固定导向装置1和组合装置2，是用于施工时底部带有链刀3的基础4的施工装置；装置1由固定机架1-1和导向装置1-2组成；装置2包括链刀动力传动装置2-1、弃土处理装置2-2和机架2-3，装置2-1和装置2-2均安装在机架2-3上，装置2-1和基础4及链刀3组成链式挖掘装置5，基础4是链式挖掘装置5的机架，链刀3仅挖掘基础4底部的岩土，链刀3由链条3-1和固定于链条3-1上挖掘岩土的刀具3-2组成；装置1对基础4和/或装置2进行导向，使基础4成铅直状态；施工时，装置2与基础4顶部连接成一体，装置2-1驱动链刀3沿着基础4上的轨道运行，链刀3挖掘基础4底部的岩土，并将已挖掘的岩土带至上方，装置2-2将链刀3从基础4底部带上来的岩土与链刀3分离，装置2随着基础4一起同步下降。
所述的装置2-1由链刀驱动装置2-1-1、链刀张紧装置2-1-2和链轮2-1-3组成。
所述的机架2-3是在导向装置1-2内运动的。
所述的基础4是在导向装置1-2内运动的。
所述的固定机架1-1是工程车或工程船。
所述的基础4是一字基础4A，施工时一字基础4A设有挖掘基础4A底部岩土的链式挖掘装置5A，即装置2A的机架2A-3上设有一个装置2A-1。
所述的基础是由若干个一字基础4A组成的组合基础4B，每个一字基础4A均设有仅挖掘各自基础4A底部岩土的链式挖掘装置5A，即装置2B的机架 上设有若干个装置2A-1。
所述的装置2中的机架2-3包括泥浆管路装置6，泥浆管路6-1与基础底部的泥浆喷嘴6-2相连。
所述的固定机架1-1是基础4的施工作业平台，上方设有起重装置。
所述的施工法分如下歩骤：
1)在工厂分段或整体预制基础4；
2)在现场安装固定机架1-1；
3)将第一段(即底段)基础4-1运至现场，装入固定机架1-1内，安装链刀3；
4)将装置2中的机架2-3的底部与第一段基础4-1的顶部相连，将装置2底部的链刀3与第一段基础4-1顶部的链刀3相连组成链式挖掘装置5，将装置2底部的泥浆管路6-1与第一段基础4-1顶部的泥浆管路6-1相连；
5)启动装置2-1-1，装置2-1-1带动链刀3沿着基础4-1上的轨道运行，链刀3挖掘第一段基础4-1底部的岩土，并将已挖掘的岩土带至上方，装置2-2将链刀3从基础4-1底部带上来的岩土与链刀3分离；
6)装置2随着第一段基础4-1一起同步下降至设定位置；
7)将装置2与第一段基础4-1分离后移走；
8)将第二段基础4-2装入机架1-1内；
9)将第二段基础4-2的底部与第一段基础4-1的顶部相连，将第二段基础4-2底部的链刀3与第一段基础4-1顶部的链刀3相连，将第二段基础4-2底部的泥浆管路6-1与第一段基础4-1顶部的泥浆管路6-1相连；
10)将装置2中的机架2-3的底部与第二段基础4-2的顶部相连，将装置2底部的链刀3与第二段基础4-2顶部的链刀3相连，组成链式挖掘装置4，将装置2底部的泥浆管路6-1与第二段基础4-2顶部的泥浆管路6-1相连；
11)启动装置2-1-1，装置2-1-1带动链刀3沿着基础4上的轨道运行，链刀3挖掘第一段基础4-1底部的岩土，并将已挖掘的岩土带至上方，装置2-2将链刀3从基础4底部带上来的岩土与链刀3分离；
12)装置2、第一段基础4-1和第二段基础4-2一起同步下降至设定位置；
13)将装置2与第二段基础4-2分离后移走；
重复上述7)、8)、9)、10)、11)、12)完成各段基础的连接和下降到设定的位置后，抽出链刀3灌注混凝土。
下面结合附图进一步描述本发明：
如图1、图2和图6所示，基础施工装置包括固定导向装置1和组合装置2，是用于施工时底部带有链刀3的基础4的施工装置；装置1由固定机架1-1和导向装置1-2组成；基础4为一字基础4A，施工时与一字基础4A顶部连接的组合装置2A包括链刀动力传动装置2A-1、弃土处理装置2A-2和机架2A-3，装置2A-1和装置2A-2均安装在机架2A-3上，装置2A-1和基础4A及链刀3组成链式挖掘装置5A，基础4A是链式挖掘装置5A的机架，链刀3仅挖掘基础4A底部的岩土，链刀3由链条3-1和固定于链条3-1上挖掘岩土的刀具3-2组成；装置1对基础4A和/或装置2A进行导向，使基础4A成铅直状态；施工时，装置2A与基础4A顶部连接成一体，装置2A-1驱动链刀3沿着基础4A上的轨道运行，链刀3挖掘基础4A底部的岩土，并将已挖掘的岩土带至上方，装置2A-2将链刀3从基础4A底部带上来的岩土与链刀3分离，装置2A随着基础4A一起同步下降。
如图3所示，基础4为一字基础4A，装置2A-1由链刀驱动装置2-1-1、链刀张紧装置2-1-2和链轮2-1-3组成。
如图4和图5所示，基础4为一字基础4A，装置2A中的机架2A-3包括泥浆管路装置6，泥浆管路6-1与基础4A底部的泥浆喷嘴6-2相连。
如图7～图10所示，基础4为组合基础4B，组合基础4B是由若干个一字基础4A组成，每个一字基础4A均设有仅挖掘各自基础底部岩土的链式挖掘装置4A，即装置2B的机架2B-3上设有若干个装置2A-1。
如图11～图19所示，基础4为组合基础4B，施工法分如下歩骤：
1)在工厂分段预制基础4B；
2)在现场安装固定机架1-1；
3)将第一段(即底段)基础4B-1运至现场，装入固定机架1-1内，安装链刀3；
4)将装置2B中的机架2B-3的底部与第一段基础4B-1的顶部相连，将装置2B底部的链刀3与第一段基础4B-1顶部的链刀3相连组成链式挖掘装置5B， 将装置2B底部的泥浆管路6-1与第一段基础4B-1顶部的泥浆管路6-1相连；
5)启动装置2-1-1，装置2-1-1带动链刀3沿着基础4B-1上的轨道运行，链刀3挖掘第一段基础4B-1底部的岩土，并将已挖掘的岩土带至上方，装置2B-2将链刀3从基础4B-1底部带上来的岩土与链刀3分离；
6)装置2B随着第一段基础4B-1一起同步下降至设定位置；
7)将装置2B与第一段基础4B-1分离后移走；
8)将第二段基础4B-2装入机架1-1内；
9)将第二段基础4B-2的底部与第一段基础4B-1的顶部相连，将第二段基础4B-2底部的链刀3与第一段基础4B-1顶部的链刀3相连，将第二段基础4B-2底部的泥浆管路6-1与第一段基础4B-1顶部的泥浆管路6-1相连；
10)将装置2B中的机架2B-3的底部与第二段基础4B-2的顶部相连，将装置2B底部的链刀3与第二段基础4B-2顶部的链刀3相连，组成链式挖掘装置5B，将装置2B底部的泥浆管路6-1与第二段基础4B-2顶部的泥浆管路6-1相连；
11)启动装置2-1-1，装置2-1-1带动链刀3沿着基础4B上的轨道运行，链刀3挖掘第一段基础4B-1底部的岩土，并将已挖掘的岩土带至上方，装置2B-2将链刀3从基础4B底部带上来的岩土与链刀3分离；
12)装置2B、第一段基础4B-1和第二段基础4B-2一起同步下降至设定位置；
13)将装置2B与第二段基础4B-2分离后移走；
重复上述7)、8)、9)、10)、11)、12)完成各段基础的连接和下降到设定的位置后，抽出链刀3灌注混凝土。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种基础施工装置，其特征是基础施工装置包括固定导向装置(1)和组合装置(2)，是用于施工时底部带有链刀(3)的基础(4)的施工装置；装置(1)由固定机架(1-1)和导向装置(1-2)组成；装置(2)包括链刀动力传动装置(2-1)、弃土处理装置(2-2)和机架(2-3)，装置(2-1)和装置(2-2)均安装在机架(2-3)上，装置(2-1)和基础(4)及链刀(3)组成链式挖掘装置(5)，基础(4)是链式挖掘装置(5)的机架，链刀(3)仅挖掘基础(4)底部的岩土，链刀(3)由链条(3-1)和固定于链条(3-1)上挖掘岩土的刀具(3-2)组成；装置(1)对基础(4)和/或装置(2)进行导向，使基础(4)成铅直状态；施工时，装置(2)与基础(4)顶部连接成一体，装置(2-1)驱动链刀(3)沿着基础(4)上的轨道运行，链刀(3)挖掘基础(4)底部的岩土，并将已挖掘的岩土带至上方，装置(2-2)将链刀(3)从基础(4)底部带上来的岩土与链刀(3)分离，装置(2)随着基础(4)一起同步下降。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种基础施工装置，其特征是所述的装置(2-1)由链刀驱动装置(2-1-1)、链刀张紧装置(2-1-2)和链轮(2-1-3)组成。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种基础施工装置，其特征是所述的机架(2-3)是在导向装置(1-2)内运动的。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种基础施工装置，其特征是所述的基础(4)是在导向装置(1-2)内运动的。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的一种基础施工装置，其特征是所述的固定机架(1-1)是工程车或工程船。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的一种基础施工装置，其特征是所述的基础(4)是一字基础(4A)，施工时一字基础(4A)设有挖掘基础(4A)底部岩土的链式挖掘装置(5A)，即装置(2A)的机架(2A-3)上设有一个装置(2A-1)。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的一种基础施工装置，其特征是所述的基础是由若干个一字基础(4A)组成的组合基础(4B)，每个一字基础(4A)均设有仅挖掘各自基础(4A)底部岩土的链式挖掘装置(5A)，即装置(2B)的机架上设有若干个装置(2A-1)。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的一种基础施工装置，其特征是所述的装置(2)中的机架(2-3)包括泥浆管路装置(6)，泥浆管路(6-1)与基础底部的泥浆喷嘴 (6-2)相连。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的一种基础施工装置，其特征是所述的固定机架(1-1)是基础(4)的施工作业平台，上方设有起重装置。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的一种基础施工装置施工法，其特征是所述的施工法分如下歩骤：
    1)在工厂分段或整体预制基础(4)；
    2)在现场安装固定机架(1-1)；
    3)将第一段(即底段)基础(4-1)运至现场，装入固定机架(1-1)内，安装链刀(3)；
    4)将装置(2)中的机架(2-3)的底部与第一段基础(4-1)的顶部相连，将装置(2)底部的链刀(3)与第一段基础(4-1)顶部的链刀(3)相连组成链式挖掘装置(5)，将装置(2)底部的泥浆管路(6-1)与第一段基础(4-1)顶部的泥浆管路(6-1)相连；
    5)启动装置(2-1-1)，装置(2-1-1)带动链刀(3)沿着基础(4-1)上的轨道运行，链刀(3)挖掘第一段基础(4-1)底部的岩土，并将已挖掘的岩土带至上方，装置(2-2)将链刀(3)从基础(4-1)底部带上来的岩土与链刀(3)分离；
    6)装置(2)随着第一段基础(4-1)一起同步下降至设定位置；
    7)将装置(2)与第一段基础(4-1)分离后移走；
    8)将第二段基础(4-2)装入机架(1-1)内；
    9)将第二段基础(4-2)的底部与第一段基础(4-1)的顶部相连，将第二段基础(4-2)底部的链刀(3)与第一段基础(4-1)顶部的链刀(3)相连，将第二段基础(4-2)底部的泥浆管路(6-1)与第一段基础(4-1)顶部的泥浆管路(6-1)相连；
    10)将装置(2)中的机架(2-3)的底部与第二段基础(4-2)的顶部相连，将装置(2)底部的链刀(3)与第二段基础(4-2)顶部的链刀(3)相连，组成链式挖掘装置(4)，将装置(2)底部的泥浆管路(6-1)与第二段基础(4-2)顶部的泥浆管路(6-1)相连；
    11)启动装置(2-1-1)，装置(2-1-1)带动链刀(3)沿着基础(4)上的轨 道运行，链刀(3)挖掘第一段基础(4-1)底部的岩土，并将已挖掘的岩土带至上方，装置(2-2)将链刀(3)从基础(4)底部带上来的岩土与链刀(3)分离；
    12)装置(2)、第一段基础(4-1)和第二段基础(4-2)一起同步下降至设定位置；
    13)将装置(2)与第二段基础(4-2)分离后移走；
    重复上述7)、8)、9)、10)、11)、12)完成各段基础的连接和下降到设定的位置后，抽出链刀(3)灌注混凝土。
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