WO2018133748A1 - 一种用于水下隧道的工程船及其施工法 - Google Patents

一种用于水下隧道的工程船及其施工法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018133748A1
WO2018133748A1 PCT/CN2018/072529 CN2018072529W WO2018133748A1 WO 2018133748 A1 WO2018133748 A1 WO 2018133748A1 CN 2018072529 W CN2018072529 W CN 2018072529W WO 2018133748 A1 WO2018133748 A1 WO 2018133748A1
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Prior art keywords
section
construction
chain
tunnel
rock
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PCT/CN2018/072529
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English (en)
French (fr)
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王燏斌
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王燏斌
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Publication of WO2018133748A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018133748A1/zh

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F5/00—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes
    • E02F5/02—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes for digging trenches or ditches
    • E02F5/06—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes for digging trenches or ditches with digging elements mounted on an endless chain
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
    • E02D29/063—Tunnels submerged into, or built in, open water
    • E02D29/077—Tunnels at least partially built beneath the water-bed characterised by being made by methods involving disturbance thereof all along the location line, e.g. by cut-and-cover or caisson methods
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/08—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging elements on an endless chain
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/08—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging elements on an endless chain
    • E02F3/12—Component parts, e.g. bucket troughs
    • E02F3/14—Buckets; Chains; Guides for buckets or chains; Drives for chains
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F5/00—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes
    • E02F5/02—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes for digging trenches or ditches
    • E02F5/10—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes for digging trenches or ditches with arrangements for reinforcing trenches or ditches; with arrangements for making or assembling conduits or for laying conduits or cables
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F5/00—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes
    • E02F5/02—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes for digging trenches or ditches
    • E02F5/10—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes for digging trenches or ditches with arrangements for reinforcing trenches or ditches; with arrangements for making or assembling conduits or for laying conduits or cables
    • E02F5/104—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes for digging trenches or ditches with arrangements for reinforcing trenches or ditches; with arrangements for making or assembling conduits or for laying conduits or cables for burying conduits or cables in trenches under water
    • E02F5/105—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes for digging trenches or ditches with arrangements for reinforcing trenches or ditches; with arrangements for making or assembling conduits or for laying conduits or cables for burying conduits or cables in trenches under water self-propulsed units moving on the underwater bottom
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F5/00—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes
    • E02F5/02—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes for digging trenches or ditches
    • E02F5/14—Component parts for trench excavators, e.g. indicating devices travelling gear chassis, supports, skids

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an engineering ship for underwater tunnel and a construction method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of civil engineering foundation construction.
  • the existing underwater tunnel construction generally adopts the shield method and the immersed tube method.
  • the shield tunneling method has little impact on the water surface, but the tunneling machine has high cost and long construction period; the immersed tube method has higher requirements for construction conditions and is suitable for The waterway is stable, the water flow cannot be too fast, and the earthwork is excavated.
  • the invention provides a construction ship for underwater tunnel and a construction method thereof, the purpose of which is to overcome the defects of the prior art, because the front section of the engineering ship excavates the rock in the semi-open U-shaped cabin, construction Convenient, due to the supporting effect of the two sides of the U-shaped cabin on the foundation pit, the amount of earth excavation is small; the middle section comes with a presumption device, the engineering ship is easy to walk, and the excavation is quick.
  • the engineering ship is composed of a rear section, a middle section and a front section, and the upper part of the engineering ship is higher than the water surface;
  • the rear section is both a sealing section of the engineering ship and the tunnel and a concrete pouring section, and the water is prevented from the tunnel when the water is stopped.
  • the rear joint enters the middle section, so that the concrete fills the space between the tunnel bottom plate and the two side plates and the rock and soil.
  • the cross section of the open end is the same as the section of the tunnel pipe joint;
  • the middle section is the tunnel construction section, and the rear compartment of the middle section Carry out pipe joint construction, complete the connection with the original constructed pipe joint, the front part of the middle section is equipped with a pushing device;
  • the front section is excavated rock and soil section;
  • the front section consists of a U-shaped compartment and an excavation device.
  • the U-shaped compartment consists of two sides of the wall and the bottom plate, that is, the front and upper sections of the U-shaped compartment are open, and the front and the front ends of the U-shaped compartment are provided with chain cutters.
  • the track, the side walls and the bottom plate are also provided with a chain knife running track;
  • the excavating device is composed of a transmission device and a chain knife
  • the transmission device is composed of a driving device and a sprocket
  • the chain knife is composed of a chain and a cutter fixed on the chain.
  • the drive unit drives the chain cutter, and the chain cutter runs along the track.
  • the chain cutter on the front end rail of the U-shaped tank only excavates the rock in front of the two sides and the bottom plate.
  • the chain cutters for excavating the rock at the front end of the two sides of the board are from the bottom to the bottom.
  • the front section consists of two side plates and excavating devices at the front ends of the two side plates, that is, the front part of the front section and the upper and lower sides are open, the front ends of the two side plates are provided with a chain knife running track, and the two side plates are also provided with a chain knife running track.
  • the excavating device is composed of a transmission device and a chain cutter.
  • the transmission device is composed of a driving device and a sprocket.
  • the chain cutter is composed of a chain and a cutter fixed on the chain. When the driving device drives the chain cutter, the chain cutter runs along the track, and the front end The chain cutter on the track only excavates the rock in front of the two sides of the wall, and the chain cutter takes the excavated rock to the top when running from bottom to top;
  • the engineering ship is provided with a number of walking tracks, and cranes and excavators are running on the walking track, and the excavators only excavate the rock and soil in the two side plates;
  • the rear part of the front section is provided with a tunnel foundation treatment section without a floor;
  • the sealing water stop section only seals and stops water during pipe joint construction
  • the construction method includes the following steps:
  • the pushing device pushes the front end of the first pipe joint, and the tail end of the movable sealing water stop cover gradually slides out of the tail of the engineering ship, and the engineering ship runs forward;
  • the filling device at the rear of the engineering vessel fills the concrete with the space between the sides and the bottom of the movable sealing cover (including the first pipe joint) and the rock and soil;
  • the invention has the advantages that the earthwork excavation amount is small, and the earthwork is convenient for excavation in the semi-open U-shaped cabin in the front section of the engineering ship, and the earthwork is opened due to the supporting effect of the two side walls of the U-shaped cabin on the foundation pit.
  • the excavation is small; the construction is fast and safe, and all construction operations are completed in the engineering ship.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of the front part of the excavation device 4 of the underwater tunnel engineering ship 3 excavating the rock in the front part, the pushing device 2-1 of the middle section 2 pushing the pipe joint 6, and the engineering ship moving forward, also by U-shaped
  • the structural schematic diagram of the front section 3A composed of the cabin 3-1 and the excavating device 4 is also the rear section 1 of the engineering ship, which is a structural schematic diagram of the engineering ship and the tunnel sealing water stop section and the concrete pouring section;
  • Figure 2 is a view in the direction of arrow A of Figure 1, and is also a structural schematic diagram of the transmission device 4-1 composed of the driving device 4-1-1 and the sprocket 4-1-2, and also the track 3 - 3 in the front segment 3 Schematic diagram of 3;
  • Figure 3 is a B-direction view of Figure 1, and is also a schematic structural view of the excavating device 4 composed of the transmission device 4-1 and the chain cutter 5;
  • Figure 4 is a C-C view of Figure 2, also showing the structure of the excavator 7 and the crane 8 on the track 7-1 with the track 7-1 above the two walls of the U-tank 3-1;
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the chain cutter 5, and is also a schematic structural view of the chain 5-1 and the cutter 5-2, and is also a chain 5- consisting of A ten-byte 5-1-1 and B ten-byte 5-1-2.
  • Schematic diagram of the ten-byte structure of 1; also a schematic diagram of the structure of the chain 5-1 for realizing the space bending is a structural diagram of the chain cutter 5,
  • (a) is a structural schematic diagram of the chain 5-1 and the cutter 5-2, and is also a cross of the A A ten-byte structure diagram of the chain 5-1 consisting of a 5-1-1 and a B-byte 5-1-2; and a schematic diagram of the structure in which the chain 5-1 realizes space bending.
  • (b) is a schematic structural view of the chain cutter 5 composed of the flexible belt 5-1B and the cutter 5-2B; also a schematic structural view of the flexible belt 5-1B and the cutter 5-2B;
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of the upper portion of the tunnel above the bottom of the water, and is also a structural schematic view of the front section 3B composed of the side walls 3-2 and the excavating device 4 located at the front end of the side walls, and is also the nozzle 11-1 at the rear of the engineering ship.
  • the structural schematic diagram of the composition of the perfusion device 11 is also a schematic structural view of the tunnel foundation treatment section 9;
  • Figure 7 is a schematic view showing the structure of the engineering ship in the working well 12 with a movable sealing water stop cover 10 at the rear opening of the rear section of the engineering ship;
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the next step of FIG. 7, and is also a structural schematic view in which the first pipe joint 6 is installed in the middle section 2, and the tail end of the first pipe joint 6 is connected and fixed to the front end of the movable seal water stop cover 10;
  • Figure 9 is a schematic view of the next step of Figure 8, and the pushing device 2-1 pushes the front end of the first pipe joint 6, the tail end of the movable sealing water stop cover 10 gradually slides out of the tail of the engineering ship, and the engineering ship runs forward.
  • the structural schematic diagram is also a schematic diagram of the excavation device 4 excavating the rock in front, the excavator 7 excavating the rock and soil in the two sides of the wall, and the pouring device at the rear of the engineering ship 11 filling the concrete with the active sealing cover (including the first Schematic diagram of the space between the sides and the bottom and the rock and soil;
  • Figure 10 is a schematic view of the next step of Figure 9, after the front end of the first tube section 6 is pushed into position, the jacking device 2-1 is retracted, the second tube section 6 is lowered, and the tail end of the second tube section 6 is The front end of a pipe joint 6 is connected into an integrated structural schematic;
  • Figure 11 is a schematic view of the next step of Figure 10, and is a schematic structural view of the pushing device 2-1 pushing the second pipe joint 10 in place, and the engineering ship continues to move forward;
  • A is a flat type
  • B is a convex type
  • C1 and C2 are concave types
  • Figure 13 is a schematic view showing the structure in which D is a longitudinal multi-row track staggered into a tapered shape
  • Figure 14 is a schematic structural view of a D-shaped rail and a multi-row chain cutter of the grooving device
  • 1 is the rear section of the engineering ship, both the engineering ship and the tunnel sealing water stop section is also the concrete pouring section; 2 is the middle section of the engineering ship; 2-1 is the pushing device installed in the front part of the middle section 2; It is the front section of the engineering ship, which has two structural forms: 3A and 3B; 3A is the front section consisting of U-shaped tank 3-1 and excavation device 4; 3B is the excavating device by the side walls 3-2 and the front end of the two side walls 4 The front section of the composition, that is, the front part of the front section 3B and the upper and lower openings; 3-1 is the U-shaped compartment of the front section 3; 3-2 is the side wall of the front section 3; 3-3 is the operation of the chain cutter 5 of the front section 3 Track; 4 is the excavating device of the front section 3, composed of the transmission device 4-1 and the chain knife 5; 4-1 is the transmission device, which is composed of the driving device 4-1-1 and the sprocket 4-1-2; -1 is the driving device of the transmission device
  • An engineering vessel for underwater tunnel consists of a rear section, an intermediate section and a front section.
  • the upper part of the engineering vessel is higher than the water surface; the rear section is both the engineering vessel and the tunnel sealing water stop section and the concrete pouring section, preventing water from stopping when water is stopped.
  • the tunnel and the rear joint enter the middle section, so that the concrete fills the space between the tunnel bottom plate and the two side plates and the rock and soil.
  • the cross section of the open end is the same as the section of the tunnel pipe joint; the middle section is the tunnel construction section, after the middle section
  • the cabin section is constructed for pipe joints, and the connection with the existing constructed pipe joints is completed.
  • the front section of the middle section is equipped with a pushing device; the front section is the excavated rock and soil section.
  • the front section is composed of a U-shaped compartment and an excavating device.
  • the U-shaped compartment is composed of two side walls and a bottom plate, that is, the front part and the upper part of the U-shaped compartment are open, and the front walls of both sides of the U-shaped compartment and the front end of the bottom plate are provided.
  • the track running on the chain cutter, the side wall and the bottom plate are also provided with a chain knife running track;
  • the excavating device is composed of a transmission device and a chain knife, the transmission device is composed of a driving device and a sprocket, and the chain knife is chained and fixed on the chain.
  • the tool is composed; the drive unit drives the chain cutter during construction, and the chain cutter runs along the track.
  • the chain cutter on the front end rail of the U-shaped tank only excavates the rock in front of the two sides and the bottom plate, and the chain cutter of the front side of the two sides is excavated.
  • the excavated geotechnical soil is brought to the top, and the chain cutter for excavating the rock at the front end of the bottom plate brings the excavated geologic soil to the rear or through the geotechnical conveyor.
  • the front section is composed of two side plates and an excavating device located at the front ends of the two side plates, that is, the front part of the front section and the upper and lower sides are open, the front ends of the two side plates are provided with a chain knife running track, and the side plates are further provided with a chain knife.
  • the running track; the excavating device is composed of a transmission device and a chain knife.
  • the transmission device is composed of a driving device and a sprocket.
  • the chain knife is composed of a chain and a tool fixed on the chain; the driving device drives the chain knife and the chain knife along the track during construction. In operation, the chain cutter on the front rail only excavates the rock in front of the two sides of the wall, and the chain cutter takes the excavated rock to the top when running from bottom to top.
  • the engineering ship is provided with a plurality of walking tracks, and a crane and an excavator are run on the walking track, and the excavator only excavates the rock and soil in the two side plates. (add dredger in the manual)
  • the rear portion of the front section is provided with a tunnel foundation treatment section without a floor.
  • the sealed water stop section is sealed and sealed only when the pipe joint is constructed.
  • the construction method includes the following steps:
  • the pushing device pushes the front end of the first pipe joint, and the tail end of the movable sealing water stop cover gradually slides out of the tail of the engineering ship, and the engineering ship runs forward;
  • the filling device at the rear of the engineering vessel fills the concrete with the space between the sides and the bottom of the movable sealing cover (including the first pipe joint) and the rock and soil;
  • the upper part of the tunnel is above the bottom of the water or in the mud.
  • the center line of the chain cutter is a space curve.
  • the chain cutter is a multi-row chain cutter, and the multi-row chain cutter is arranged in a taper shape on the excavation surface.
  • the engineering ship consists of the rear section 1, the middle section 2 and the front section 3.
  • the upper part of the engineering ship is higher than the water surface; the rear section 1 is both the engineering ship and the tunnel sealing water stop section and the concrete pouring section.
  • the water enters the middle section 2 from the tunnel and the rear joint, so that the concrete fills the space between the tunnel bottom plate and the two side plates and the rock and soil.
  • the cross section of the open end is the same as the section of the tunnel pipe joint; the middle section 2 is the tunnel construction section.
  • the rear compartment of the middle section carries out pipe joint construction, and completes the connection with the original constructed pipe joint.
  • the front section of the middle section is equipped with a pushing device 2-1; the front section 3 is a digging rock section.
  • the front section 3A is composed of a U-shaped tank 3-1 and an excavating device 4, and the U-shaped tank 3-1 is composed of two side walls and a bottom plate, that is, a front portion and an upper portion of the U-shaped tank 3-1. Both are open, the front wall of the U-shaped compartment 3-1 and the front end of the bottom plate are provided with a track 3-3 running by the chain cutter 5, and the rails 3-3 running on the side wall and the bottom plate are also provided;
  • the device 4 consists of a transmission 4-1 consisting of a drive device 4-1-1 and a sprocket 4-1-2.
  • the transmission 4-1 is composed of a chain 5-1 and a chain 4-1.
  • the tool 5-2 is composed; the driving device 4-1-1 drives the chain cutter during construction, the chain cutter 5 runs along the track 3-3, and the chain cutter 5 on the front end rail of the U-shaped cabin 3-1 only excavates the two side plates and The rock in front of the bottom plate, the chain knife 5 for excavating the rock at the front end of the two sides of the board, the excavated rock and soil is brought to the top from the bottom up, and the chain knife 5 for excavating the rock at the front end of the bottom plate will be excavated from the time of going to the rear.
  • the geotechnical belt is sent to the rear.
  • the engineering ship is provided with a number of walking rails 7-1.
  • the traveling rails 7-1 run with cranes 8 and excavators 7.
  • the excavator 7 excavates the geotechnical soils in the two side plates, and if necessary, increases the dredging.
  • the ship excavated the rock in both sides of the board.
  • the front section 3B is composed of two side plates 3-2 and excavating devices 4 at the front ends of the two side plates, that is, the front portion and the upper and lower sides of the front portion 3B are open, and the front ends of the two side plates 3-2 are provided with chain cutters.
  • the running track, the two side plates 3-2 are also provided with a track 3-3 running by the chain cutter 5;
  • the excavating device 4 is composed of a transmission device 4-1 and a chain knife 5, and the transmission device 4-1 is driven by the driving device 4-1- 1 and the sprocket 4-1-2,
  • the chain cutter 5 is composed of a chain 5-1 and a cutter 5-2 fixed to the chain; during construction, the driving device 4-1-1 drives the chain cutter 5, and the chain cutter 5 follows
  • the track 3-3 is operated, and the chain cutter 5 on the front end track 3-3 only excavates the rock in front of the two side walls, and the chain knife 5 brings the excavated rock soil to the upper side when running from bottom to top.
  • the construction method of the underwater tunnel includes the following steps:
  • the pushing device 2-1 pushes the front end of the first pipe joint 6, and the tail end of the movable sealing water stop cover 10 gradually slides out of the tail of the engineering ship, and the engineering ship runs forward;
  • the filling device 11 at the rear of the engineering vessel fills the concrete with space between the sides and the bottom of the movable sealing cover 10 (including the first pipe joint) and the rock;

Abstract

一种用于水下隧道的工程船及其施工法，工程船由后段（1）、中间段（2）和前段（3）组成，工程船的上部高于水面；后段（1）既是工程船与隧道密封止水段也是混凝土灌注段，止水时防止水从隧道与后部接缝进入中间段（2），使混凝土充满隧道底板和两侧板与岩土间的空间，尾端开口的截面与隧道管节截面相同；中间段（2）是隧道施工段，在中间段（2）的后部舱室进行管节施工，完成与原有已施工管节的连接，中间段（2）的前部安装有顶推装置（2-1）；前段（3）是挖掘岩土段。该工程船土方开挖量小，由于工程船前段在半敞开式的U型舱（3-1）内挖掘岩土，施工方便，由于U型舱（3-1）的两侧墙对基坑的支护作用，所以土方开挖量小；施工快捷、安全，所有施工操作都在工程船内完成。

Description

一种用于水下隧道的工程船及其施工法 技术领域
本发明涉及的是一种用于水下隧道的工程船及其施工法，属于土木工程基础施工技术领域。
背景技术
现有水下隧道的施工一般采用盾构法和沉管法,盾构法施工时对水面的影响小,但掘进机造价高昂,施工周期长；沉管法对施工条件要求较高，适用于水道河床稳定、水流不能过急的水域，而且土方开挖量大。
发明内容
本发明提出的是一种用于水下隧道的工程船及其施工法，其目的旨在克服现有技术存在的缺陷，由于工程船前段在半敞开式的U型舱内挖掘岩土，施工方便，由于U型舱的两侧墙对基坑的支护作用，土方开挖量小；中间段自带推定装置，工程船行走方便，挖掘岩土快捷。
本发明的技术方案：工程船由后段、中间段和前段组成，工程船的上部高于水面；后段既是工程船与隧道密封止水段也是混凝土灌注段，止水时防止水从隧道与后部接缝进入中间段，使混凝土充满隧道底板和两侧板与岩土间的空间，尾端开口的截面与隧道管节截面相同；中间段是隧道施工段，在中间段的后部舱室进行管节施工，完成与原有已施工管节的连接，中间段的前部安装有顶推装置；前段是挖掘岩土段；
前段由U型舱和挖掘装置组成，U型舱由两侧墙和底板组成，即U型舱的前部和上部均开口，U型舱的两侧墙和底板的前端均设有链刀运行的轨道，两侧墙和底板内还设有链刀运行的轨道；挖掘装置由传动装置和链刀组成，传动装置由驱动装置和链轮组成，链刀由链条和固定于链条上的刀具组成；施工时驱动装置驱动链刀，链刀沿着轨道运行，U型舱前端轨道上的链刀仅挖掘两侧板和底板前方的岩土，两侧板前端挖掘岩土的链刀从下往上运行时将已挖掘的岩土带至上方，底板前端挖掘岩土的链刀从前往后运行时将已挖掘的岩土带至后方或经岩土输送机送出；
前段由两侧板和位于两侧板前端的挖掘装置组成，即前段的前部和上下均开口，两侧板的前端设有链刀运行的轨道，两侧板还设有链刀运行的轨道；挖掘装置由传动装置和链刀组成，传动装置由驱动装置和链轮组成，链刀由链条和固定于链条上的刀具组成；施工时驱动装置驱动链刀，链刀沿着轨道运行，前端轨道上的链刀仅挖掘两侧墙前方的岩土，链刀从下往上 运行时将已挖掘的岩土带至上方；
工程船设有若干行走轨道，行走轨道上运行有起重机和挖掘机，挖掘机仅挖掘两侧板内的岩土；
前段的后部设有无底板的隧道基础处理段；
密封止水段仅在进行管节施工时进行密封止水；
施工法包括如下步骤：
1)在现场水中建工作井，处理好基础；
2)工程船至施工现场，在工作井中下沉至设定深度，工程船后段尾部开口处有一活动密封止水盖，活动密封止水盖的前端伸进中间段的尾部；
3)在中间段安装第一管节，使第一管节的尾端与活动密封止水盖的前端相连固连成一体；
4)顶推装置顶推第一管节的前端，活动密封止水盖的尾端逐渐滑出工程船的尾部，工程船向前运行；
5)挖掘装置挖掘前方的岩土，挖掘机挖掘两侧墙内的岩土；
6)工程船后部的灌注装置将混凝土灌满活动密封止盖(含第一管节)两侧及底部与岩土之间的空间；
7)第一管节的前端顶推至中间段尾部的设定距离后，顶进装置缩回，放下第二管节，将第二管节的尾端与第一管节的前端相连成一体；
8)掘进段继续挖掘前方的岩土，顶推装置顶推第二管节的前端，工程船继续向前运动；
9)重复上述动作，完成全部管节的施工。
本发明的优点：土方开挖量小，由于工程船前段在半敞开式的U型舱内挖掘岩土，施工方便，由于U型舱的两侧墙对基坑的支护作用，所以土方开挖量小；施工快捷、安全，所有施工操作都在工程船内完成。
附图说明
图1是水下隧道工程船前段3的挖掘装置4挖掘前部的岩土，中间段2的顶推装置2-1推顶管节6，工程船向前运行的结构示意图，也是由U型舱3-1和挖掘装置4组成的前段3A的结构示意图，也是工程船的后段1，既是工程船与隧道密封止水段也是混凝土灌注段的结构示意图；
图2是图1的A向视图，也是由驱动装置4-1-1和链轮4-1-2组成的传动装置4-1的结构式示意图，也是前段3内链刀6运行的轨道3-3的结构示意图；
图3是图1的B向视图，也是传动装置4-1和链刀5组成的挖掘装置4的结构示意图；
图4是图2的C-C视图，也是在U型舱3-1的两侧墙的上方有轨道7-1，轨道7-1上有运行的挖掘机7和起重机8的结构示意图；
图5是链刀5的结构示意图，也是链条5-1和刀具5-2的结构示意图，也是由A十字节5-1-1和B十字节5-1-2组成的链条5-1的十字节的结构示意图；也是链条5-1实现空间弯曲的结构示意图是链刀5的结构示意图,(a)是链条5-1和刀具5-2的结构示意图，也是由A十字节5-1-1和B十字节5-1-2组成的链条5-1的十字节的结构示意图；也是链条5-1实现空间弯曲的结构示意图。(b)是链刀5由柔性带5-1B和刀具5-2B组成的结构示意图；也是柔性带5-1B和刀具5-2B的结构示意图；
图6是隧道上部在水底之上的结构示意图，也是由两侧墙3-2和位于两侧墙前端的挖掘装置4组成的前段3B的结构示意图，也是工程船后部的由喷嘴11-1组成的灌注装置11的结构示意图，也是隧道基础处理段9的结构示意图；
图7是工程船在工作井12中，工程船后段1尾部开口处有一活动密封止水盖10的结构示意图；
图8是图7的下一步工作示意图，也是在中间段2安装第一管节6，使第一管节6的尾端与活动密封止水盖10的前端相连固连成一体的结构示意图；
图9是图8的下一步工作示意图，也是顶推装置2-1顶推第一管节6的前端，活动密封止水盖10的尾端逐渐滑出工程船的尾部，工程船向前运行的结构示意图，也是挖掘装置4挖掘前方的岩土，挖掘机7挖掘两侧墙内的岩土的结构示意图，也是工程船后部的灌注装置11将混凝土灌满活动密封止盖(含第一管节)两侧及底部与岩土之间的空间的结构示意图；
图10是图9的下一步工作示意图，第一管节6的前端顶推到位后，顶进装置2-1缩回，放下第二管节6，将第二管节6的尾端与第一管节6的前端相连成一体的结构示意图；
图11是图10的下一步工作示意图，也是顶推装置2-1顶推第二管节10到位，工程船继续向前运动的结构示意图；
图12是切槽装置的链刀轨道的结构示意图，轨道的类型包括A、B、C1、C2和D共5种，其中A是平面型，B是凸型，C1、C2是凹型；
图13是D为纵向多排轨道错开成锥型的结构示意图；
图14是切槽装置的D型轨道和多排链刀的结构示意图；
图中的1是工程船的后段，既是工程船与隧道密封止水段也是混凝土灌注段；2是工程船的中间段；2-1是安装在中间段2前部的顶推装置；3是工程船的前段，有3A和3B两种结构形式；3A是由U型舱3-1和挖掘装置4组成的前段；3B是由两侧墙3-2和位于两侧墙前端 的挖掘装置4组成的前段，即前段3B的前部和上下均开口；3-1是前段3的U型舱；3-2是前段3的两侧墙；3-3是前段3内链刀5运行的轨道；4是前段3的挖掘装置，由传动装置4-1和链刀5组成；4-1是传动装置，由驱动装置4-1-1和链轮4-1-2组成；4-1-1是传动装置4-1的驱动装置；4-1-2是传动装置4-1的链轮；5是组成挖掘装置4的链刀；5-1是组成链刀5的链条，包括履带、绳索和柔性带；5-1-1是组成链条5-1的十字节的A十字节；5-1-2是组成链条5-1的十字节的B十字节；5-1B是组成链刀5的柔性带；5-2是固定在链条5-1上的挖掘岩土的刀具；5-2B是固定在柔性带5-1B上的挖掘岩土的刀具；6是管节；7是挖掘机；7-1是在两侧墙的上方设有挖掘机7行走的轨道；8是起重机；9是隧道基础处理段；10是工程船后段1尾部开口处的活动密封止水盖；11是工程船后部的灌注装置；11-1是灌注装置11的喷嘴；12是工程船后部的工作井。
具体实施方式
一种用于水下隧道的工程船由后段、中间段和前段组成，工程船的上部高于水面；后段既是工程船与隧道密封止水段也是混凝土灌注段，止水时防止水从隧道与后部接缝进入中间段，使混凝土充满隧道底板和两侧板与岩土间的空间，尾端开口的截面与隧道管节截面相同；中间段是隧道施工段，在中间段的后部舱室进行管节施工，完成与原有已施工管节的连接，中间段的前部安装有顶推装置；前段是挖掘岩土段。
所述的前段由U型舱和挖掘装置组成，U型舱由两侧墙和底板组成，即U型舱的前部和上部均开口，U型舱的两侧墙和底板的前端均设有链刀运行的轨道，两侧墙和底板内还设有链刀运行的轨道；挖掘装置由传动装置和链刀组成，传动装置由驱动装置和链轮组成，链刀由链条和固定于链条上的刀具组成；施工时驱动装置驱动链刀，链刀沿着轨道运行，U型舱前端轨道上的链刀仅挖掘两侧板和底板前方的岩土，两侧板前端挖掘岩土的链刀从下往上运行时将已挖掘的岩土带至上方，底板前端挖掘岩土的链刀从前往后运行时将已挖掘的岩土带至后方或经岩土输送机送出。
所述的前段由两侧板和位于两侧板前端的挖掘装置组成，即前段的前部和上下均开口，两侧板的前端设有链刀运行的轨道，两侧板还设有链刀运行的轨道；挖掘装置由传动装置和链刀组成，传动装置由驱动装置和链轮组成，链刀由链条和固定于链条上的刀具组成；施工时驱动装置驱动链刀，链刀沿着轨道运行，前端轨道上的链刀仅挖掘两侧墙前方的岩土，链刀从下往上运行时将已挖掘的岩土带至上方。
所述的工程船设有若干行走轨道，行走轨道上运行有起重机和挖掘机，挖掘机仅挖掘两侧板内的岩土。(说明书中增加挖泥船)
所述的前段的后部设有无底板的隧道基础处理段。
所述的密封止水段仅在进行管节施工时进行密封止水。
所述的施工法包括如下步骤：
1)在现场水中建工作井，处理好基础；
2)工程船至施工现场，在工作井中下沉至设定深度，工程船后段尾部开口处有一活动密封止水盖，活动密封止水盖的前端伸进中间段的尾部；
3)在中间段安装第一管节，使第一管节的尾端与活动密封止水盖的前端相连固连成一体；
4)顶推装置顶推第一管节的前端，活动密封止水盖的尾端逐渐滑出工程船的尾部，工程船向前运行；
5)挖掘装置挖掘前方的岩土，挖掘机挖掘两侧墙内的岩土；
6)工程船后部的灌注装置将混凝土灌满活动密封止盖(含第一管节)两侧及底部与岩土之间的空间；
7)第一管节的前端顶推至中间段尾部的设定距离后，顶进装置缩回，放下第二管节，将第二管节的尾端与第一管节的前端相连成一体；
8)掘进段继续挖掘前方的岩土，顶推装置顶推第二管节的前端，工程船继续向前运动；
9)重复上述动作，完成全部管节的施工；
所述的隧道上部在水底之上或淤泥之中。
所述的链刀的中心线是空间曲线。
所述的链刀是多排链刀，多排链刀在挖掘面布置成锥形。
下面结合附图进一步描述本发明：
如图1所示，工程船由后段1、中间段2和前段3组成，工程船的上部高于水面；后段1既是工程船与隧道密封止水段也是混凝土灌注段，止水时防止水从隧道与后部接缝进入中间段2，使混凝土充满隧道底板和两侧板与岩土间的空间，尾端开口的截面与隧道管节截面相同；中间段2是隧道施工段，在中间段的后部舱室进行管节施工，完成与原有已施工管节的连接，中间段的前部安装有顶推装置2-1；前段3是挖掘岩土段。
如图2～图5所示，前段3A由U型舱3-1和挖掘装置4组成，U型舱3-1由两侧墙和底板组成，即U型舱3-1的前部和上部均开口，U型舱3-1的两侧墙和底板的前端均设有链刀5运行的轨道3-3，两侧墙和底板内还设有链刀5运行的轨道3-3；挖掘装置4由传动装置4-1和链刀5组成，传动装置4-1由驱动装置4-1-1和链轮4-1-2组成，链刀5由链条5-1和固定于链条上的刀具5-2组成；施工时驱动装置4-1-1驱动链刀，链刀5沿着轨道3-3运行，U 型舱3-1前端轨道上的链刀5仅挖掘两侧板和底板前方的岩土，两侧板前端挖掘岩土的链刀5从下往上运行时将已挖掘的岩土带至上方，底板前端挖掘岩土的链刀5从前往后运行时将已挖掘的岩土带至后方送出。
如图4所示，工程船设有若干行走轨道7-1，行走轨道7-1上运行有起重机8和挖掘机7，挖掘机7挖掘两侧板内的岩土，如果有需要增加挖泥船挖掘两侧板内的岩土。
如图6所示，前段3B由两侧板3-2和位于两侧板前端的挖掘装置4组成，即前段3B的前部和上下均开口，两侧板3-2的前端设有链刀运行的轨道，两侧板3-2还设有链刀5运行的轨道3-3；挖掘装置4由传动装置4-1和链刀5组成，传动装置4-1由驱动装置4-1-1和链轮4-1-2组成，链刀5由链条5-1和固定于链条上的刀具5-2组成；施工时驱动装置4-1-1驱动链刀5，链刀5沿着轨道3-3运行，前端轨道3-3上的链刀5仅挖掘两侧墙前方的岩土，链刀5从下往上运行时将已挖掘的岩土带至上方。
如图7～图11所示，水下隧道的工程船施工法包括如下步骤：
1)在现场水中建工作井12，处理好基础；
2)工程船至施工现场，在工作井12中下沉至设定深度，工程船后段1尾部开口处有一活动密封止水盖10，活动密封止水盖10的前端伸进中间段2的尾部；
3)在中间段2安装第一管节6，使第一管节6的尾端与活动密封止水盖10的前端相连固连成一体；
4)顶推装置2-1顶推第一管节6的前端，活动密封止水盖10的尾端逐渐滑出工程船的尾部，工程船向前运行；
5)挖掘装置4挖掘前方的岩土，挖掘机7挖掘两侧墙内的岩土；
6)工程船后部的灌注装置11将混凝土灌满活动密封止盖10(含第一管节)两侧及底部与岩土之间的空间；
7)第一管节6的前端顶推至中间段2尾部的设定距离后，顶进装置2-1缩回，放下第二管节6，将第二管节6的尾端与第一管节6的前端相连成一体；
8)前段3继续挖掘前方的岩土，顶推装置2-1顶推第二管节6的前端，工程船继续向前运动；
9)重复上述动作，完成全部管节6的施工。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种用于水下隧道的工程船，其特征是工程船由后段、中间段和前段组成，工程船的上部高于水面；后段既是工程船与隧道密封止水段也是混凝土灌注段，止水时防止水从隧道与后部接缝进入中间段，使混凝土充满隧道底板和两侧板与岩土间的空间，尾端开口的截面与隧道管节截面相同；中间段是隧道施工段，在中间段的后部舱室进行管节施工，完成与原有已施工管节的连接，中间段的前部安装有顶推装置；前段是挖掘岩土段。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种用于水下隧道的工程船，其特征是所述的前段由U型舱和挖掘装置组成，U型舱由两侧墙和底板组成，即U型舱的前部和上部均开口，U型舱的两侧墙和底板的前端均设有链刀运行的轨道，两侧墙和底板内还设有链刀运行的轨道；挖掘装置由传动装置和链刀组成，传动装置由驱动装置和链轮组成，链刀由链条和固定于链条上的刀具组成；施工时驱动装置驱动链刀，链刀沿着轨道运行，U型舱前端轨道上的链刀仅挖掘两侧板和底板前方的岩土，两侧板前端挖掘岩土的链刀从下往上运行时将已挖掘的岩土带至上方，底板前端挖掘岩土的链刀从前往后运行时将已挖掘的岩土带至后方或经岩土输送机送出。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种用于水下隧道的工程船，其特征是所述的前段由两侧板和位于两侧板前端的挖掘装置组成，即前段的前部和上下均开口，两侧板的前端设有链刀运行的轨道，两侧板还设有链刀运行的轨道；挖掘装置由传动装置和链刀组成，传动装置由驱动装置和链轮组成，链刀由链条和固定于链条上的刀具组成；施工时驱动装置驱动链刀，链刀沿着轨道运行，前端轨道上的链刀仅挖掘两侧墙前方的岩土，链刀从下往上运行时将已挖掘的岩土带至上方。
  4. 根据权利要求2、3所述的一种用于水下隧道的工程船，其特征是所述的工程船设有若干行走轨道，行走轨道上运行有起重机和挖掘机，挖掘机仅挖掘两侧板内的岩土。
  5. 根据权利要求2、3所述的一种用于水下隧道的工程船，其特征是所述的前段的后部设有无底板的隧道基础处理段。
  6. 根据权利要求2、3所述的一种用于水下隧道的工程船，其特征是所述的密封止水段仅在进行管节施工时进行密封止水。
  7. 根据权利要求2、3所述的一种用于水下隧道的工程船施工法，其特征是所述的施工法包括如下步骤：
    1)在现场水中建工作井，处理好基础；
    2)工程船至施工现场，在工作井中下沉至设定深度，工程船后段尾部开口处有一活动密封止水盖，活动密封止水盖的前端伸进中间段的尾部；
    3)在中间段安装第一管节，使第一管节的尾端与活动密封止水盖的前端相连固连成一体；
    4)顶推装置顶推第一管节的前端，活动密封止水盖的尾端逐渐滑出工程船的尾部，工程船向前运行；
    5)挖掘装置挖掘前方的岩土，挖掘机挖掘两侧墙内的岩土；
    6)工程船后部的灌注装置将混凝土灌满活动密封止盖(含第一管节)两侧及底部与岩土之间的空间；
    7)第一管节的前端顶推至中间段尾部的设定距离后，顶进装置缩回，放下第二管节，将第二管节的尾端与第一管节的前端相连成一体；
    8)掘进段继续挖掘前方的岩土，顶推装置顶推第二管节的前端，工程船继续向前运动；
    9)重复上述动作，完成全部管节的施工。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的一种用于水下隧道工程船施工法，其特征是所述的隧道上部在水底之上或淤泥之中。
  9. 根据权利要求2、3所述的一种用于水下隧道工程船，其特征是所述的链刀的中心线是空间曲线。
  10. 根据权利要求2、3所述的一种用于水下隧道工程船施工法，其特征是所述的链刀是多排链刀，多排链刀在挖掘面布置成锥形。
PCT/CN2018/072529 2017-01-18 2018-01-13 一种用于水下隧道的工程船及其施工法 WO2018133748A1 (zh)

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