WO2018159800A1 - 吸水性樹脂及び吸収性物品 - Google Patents
吸水性樹脂及び吸収性物品 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2018159800A1 WO2018159800A1 PCT/JP2018/007959 JP2018007959W WO2018159800A1 WO 2018159800 A1 WO2018159800 A1 WO 2018159800A1 JP 2018007959 W JP2018007959 W JP 2018007959W WO 2018159800 A1 WO2018159800 A1 WO 2018159800A1
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- Prior art keywords
- water
- absorbent resin
- resin
- absorbent
- cross
- Prior art date
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-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F265/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers of unsaturated monocarboxylic acids or derivatives thereof as defined in group C08F20/00
- C08F265/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers of unsaturated monocarboxylic acids or derivatives thereof as defined in group C08F20/00 on to polymers of acids, salts or anhydrides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G59/00—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule; Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups
- C08G59/18—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing
- C08G59/40—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing characterised by the curing agents used
- C08G59/42—Polycarboxylic acids; Anhydrides, halides or low molecular weight esters thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
- A61F2013/530131—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made in fibre but being not pulp
- A61F2013/530379—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made in fibre but being not pulp comprising mixtures of fibres
- A61F2013/530401—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made in fibre but being not pulp comprising mixtures of fibres with hydrophobic and hydrophilic fibres
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a water-absorbent resin and an absorbent article. More specifically, the present invention relates to a water-absorbent resin and a water-absorbent resin constituting an absorbent body suitably used for sanitary materials such as paper diapers, sanitary napkins, and incontinence pads. It relates to the absorbent article used.
- water-absorbent resins have been widely used in the field of sanitary materials such as paper diapers, sanitary napkins, and incontinence pads.
- the crosslinked product of the partially neutralized acrylic acid polymer has excellent water absorption performance, and it is easy to industrially obtain acrylic acid as a raw material, so the quality is constant.
- it is considered to be a preferable water-absorbent resin because it can be produced at low cost and has many advantages such as being less susceptible to spoilage and deterioration (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
- absorbent articles such as paper diapers, sanitary napkins, and incontinence pads are mainly disposed in the center, and absorb and retain body fluids excreted from the body, such as urine and menstrual blood, It is composed of a liquid-permeable top sheet (top sheet) disposed on the side in contact with the liquid-impermeable back sheet (back sheet) disposed on the opposite side in contact with the body.
- the absorber is comprised from hydrophilic fibers, such as a pulp, and water absorbing resin.
- An absorber having a low ratio of hydrophilic fibers and a high ratio of water-absorbing resin is preferable for thinning from the viewpoint of reducing bulky hydrophilic fibers and retaining liquid.
- a load is applied to the water-absorbent sheet containing the water-absorbent resin due to deformation or pressure, such as when an infant wearing a thin absorbent article is sitting, the liquid to be absorbed is returned (liquid return). May not be sufficiently prevented.
- the absorbent article cannot withstand multiple urinations and may cause discomfort to the wearer.
- the main object of the present invention is to provide a water-absorbent resin that exhibits high liquid retention performance under load even when used in an absorbent body having a small proportion of hydrophilic fibers and has a small amount of reversion.
- the present inventors diligently studied to solve the above problems.
- a cross-sectional image of the water-absorbent resin composed of a polymer of a water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer was observed by X-ray computed tomography, the following formula (I ),
- the water-absorbent resin in which the ratio of the area of the cavity portion (cavity area ratio) in the cross-sectional image is 10% or less is high even when used in an absorber having a small ratio of hydrophilic fibers. It showed liquid holding performance under load and found that the amount of reversion was small.
- Cavity area ratio [%] ⁇ total cross-sectional area of hollow part of water-absorbent resin (B) / (total cross-sectional area of resin part of water-absorbent resin (A) + total cross-sectional area of hollow part of water-absorbent resin (B) ) ⁇ ⁇ 100 (I)
- the present invention is an invention that has been completed through further intensive studies based on such findings.
- a water-absorbent resin composed of a polymer of a water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer, and when a cross-sectional image of the water-absorbent resin is observed by X-ray computed tomography, the following formula (I) The water-absorbent resin, wherein the calculated ratio of the area of the cavity portion (cavity area ratio) in the cross-sectional image is 10% or less.
- Cavity area ratio [%] ⁇ total cross-sectional area of hollow part of water-absorbent resin (B) / (total cross-sectional area of resin part of water-absorbent resin (A) + total cross-sectional area of hollow part of water-absorbent resin (B) ) ⁇ ⁇ 100 (I) Item 2.
- Item 3. The water absorbent resin according to Item 1 or 2, wherein the shape of the water absorbent resin is substantially spherical or a shape in which substantially spherical particles are aggregated.
- the present invention even when used in an absorbent body having a small proportion of hydrophilic fibers, it is possible to provide a water-absorbent resin that exhibits high liquid retention performance under load and has a small amount of reversion. Furthermore, according to the present invention, an absorbent article using the water absorbent resin can also be provided.
- FIG. 2A is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional image of a water-absorbent resin measured by X-ray computed tomography.
- FIG. 2B is a schematic diagram in which the hollow portion of FIG.
- the water-absorbing resin of the present invention is a water-absorbing resin composed of a polymer of a water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer, and a cross-sectional image of the water-absorbing resin is observed by X-ray computed tomography.
- the ratio of the area of the cavity in the cross-sectional image (cavity area ratio) calculated by the following formula (I) is 10% or less.
- Cavity area ratio [%] ⁇ total cross-sectional area of hollow part of water-absorbent resin (B) / (total cross-sectional area of resin part of water-absorbent resin (A) + total cross-sectional area of hollow part of water-absorbent resin (B) ) ⁇ ⁇ 100 (I)
- the water-absorbent resin of the present invention having such a configuration retains liquid under high load even when used in an absorbent body (including an absorbent body that does not contain hydrophilic fibers) having a small proportion of hydrophilic fibers. It shows performance and has a feature that the amount of return is small.
- an absorbent body including an absorbent body that does not contain hydrophilic fibers
- hydrophilic fibers having a small proportion of hydrophilic fibers. It shows performance and has a feature that the amount of return is small.
- the “total cross-sectional area of the resin portion of the water-absorbent resin” means that the water-absorbent resin is present in the cross-sectional image of the water-absorbent resin as shown in the schematic diagram of FIG. Means the total cross-sectional area of the portion (colored portion).
- the “total cross-sectional area of the hollow portion of the water absorbent resin” is, for example, a hollow portion in the water absorbent resin in the cross-sectional image of the water absorbent resin as shown in the schematic diagram of FIG. It means the total area of the portion (the uncolored portion in the water absorbent resin).
- Examples of the shape of the water absorbent resin of the present invention include a substantially spherical shape, a shape in which substantially spherical particles are aggregated, an irregularly crushed shape, a shape in which irregularly crushed particles are aggregated, and a plate shape.
- a water-absorbing resin having a substantially spherical particle shape such as a spherical shape or an elliptical spherical shape or a shape in which substantially spherical particles are aggregated is obtained. It is done.
- the water absorbing resin which has the shape which the particle
- the shape of the water absorbent resin is preferably a substantially spherical shape or a shape in which substantially spherical particles are aggregated.
- the ratio of the area of the cavity portion (cavity area ratio) calculated by the above formula (I) is 10%. It is as follows. Even when used in an absorbent body with a small proportion of hydrophilic fibers, it exhibits higher liquid retention performance under load, and from the viewpoint of a water-absorbing resin with a smaller amount of reversal, as the cavity area ratio, Preferably it is 0.5 to 8%, more preferably 1 to 6%.
- the cavity area ratio is set to 10% or less, the amount of liquid retained in the hollow portion (gap portion) of the water absorbent resin is small, and the liquid is absorbed in the water absorbent resin. As a result, it is considered that the liquid retention performance under high load is exhibited, and the amount of return from the cavity portion is effectively suppressed.
- the absorbent article when the absorbent article is made thin, for example, as a water-absorbent sheet, when the load is applied due to deformation of the absorber or pressure, the liquid (the liquid to be absorbed) should be prevented from returning (liquid return) sufficiently. The problem of not being able to occur.
- the water absorbent resin of the present invention since it shows high liquid holding performance and the reversion amount is effectively suppressed, the ratio of hydrophilic fibers is lowered and the ratio of water absorbent resin is reduced. It can use suitably with respect to the absorbent article using the raised absorber.
- the measurement of the cavity area ratio by the X-ray computed tomography is performed as follows.
- the water-absorbent resin particles are classified using a JIS standard sieve, and 4 particles are randomly selected from the particles of the water-absorbent resin on the 180- ⁇ m sieve passing through the 600- ⁇ m sieve to obtain a resin sample.
- a resin sample is placed on a sample stage of an X-ray computed tomography apparatus, and cross-sectional image data is acquired by X-ray computed tomography.
- the resin sample is observed at an arbitrary angle and in an arbitrary cross section in the horizontal and vertical directions.
- the cavity area ratio is calculated using this cross-sectional image.
- the cross-sectional area of the resin sample total cross-sectional area (A) of the resin portion of the water-absorbent resin
- the cross-sectional area in which the cavity is filled in the schematic diagram of FIG. 2B, the area of the colored portion
- the cross-sectional area of the resin sample is calculated.
- the cavity area ratio of the resin sample is calculated by the following formula (I).
- Cavity area ratio [%] ⁇ total cross-sectional area of hollow part of water-absorbent resin (B) / (total cross-sectional area of resin part of water-absorbent resin (A) + total cross-sectional area of hollow part of water-absorbent resin (B) ) ⁇ ⁇ 100 (I)
- the water-absorbent resin of the present invention preferably has a median particle size of 200 to 600 ⁇ m, more preferably 250 to 500 ⁇ m, further preferably 300 to 450 ⁇ m, and more preferably 350 to 450 ⁇ m. Further preferred.
- the median particle diameter of the water-absorbent resin can be measured using a JIS standard sieve, and is specifically a value measured by the method described in the examples.
- the resin preferably has a retention rate of the water-absorbent resin under a physiological saline load of 73% or more, more preferably 74 to 90%, and further preferably 75 to 85%.
- the retention rate of the water-absorbent resin under physiological saline load was measured by applying a load of 21 g / cm 2 to the water-absorbent resin into which physiological saline was absorbed, and specifically, described in the examples. It is the value measured by the method.
- the water absorbent resin of the present invention may contain an additive according to the purpose.
- additives include inorganic powders, surfactants, oxidizing agents, reducing agents, metal chelating agents, radical chain inhibitors, antioxidants, antibacterial agents, and deodorants.
- the flowability of the water absorbent resin can be improved by adding 0.05 to 5 parts by mass of amorphous silica as an inorganic powder to 100 parts by mass of the water absorbent resin.
- the water-absorbent resin of the present invention has characteristics that it exhibits high liquid retention performance under load and has a small amount of reversal even when used in an absorbent body with a small proportion of hydrophilic fibers, as described later.
- the water-absorbent resin of the present invention constitutes an absorber together with hydrophilic fibers, and the ratio of the hydrophilic fibers in the absorber is preferably 50% by mass or less, more preferably 0 to 30% by mass. It can use suitably for the made absorber.
- the water-absorbent resin of the present invention has such characteristics, it is suitably used for thin absorbent articles (for example, the thickness of the absorber is preferably 5 mm or less, more preferably 3 mm or less). Can do.
- the water-absorbent resin of the present invention can be produced by polymerizing a water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer.
- a typical polymerization method such as an aqueous solution polymerization method, a spray droplet polymerization method, an emulsion polymerization method, a reverse phase suspension polymerization method, or the like is used.
- aqueous solution polymerization method polymerization is performed by heating a water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer aqueous solution with stirring as necessary, and a method for controlling the cavity area ratio in the aqueous solution polymerization method is water-soluble.
- Examples thereof include a method of adding a foaming agent and the like to the ethylenically unsaturated monomer, and a method of aggregating water absorbent resin particles obtained by aqueous solution polymerization.
- the reverse phase suspension polymerization method the water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer is polymerized by heating with stirring in a hydrocarbon dispersion medium, and the void area ratio in the reverse phase suspension polymerization method is increased.
- a control method a method of adding a foaming agent or the like to the water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer in the first stage or the median particle diameter of the primary particles obtained by the reverse phase suspension polymerization in the first stage is used.
- the control method include a method of further heating the hydrous gel after the first stage polymerization.
- the reverse phase suspension polymerization method is preferred from the viewpoint of precise polymerization reaction control and wide particle size control.
- a method for producing a water-absorbent resin a method for producing a water-absorbent resin by subjecting a water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer to reverse phase suspension polymerization in a hydrocarbon dispersion medium, in which polymerization is performed in the presence of a radical polymerization initiator. And a method of post-crosslinking the hydrous gel obtained by polymerization in the presence of a post-crosslinking agent.
- a water-containing gel-like product having an internal cross-linked structure may be obtained by adding an internal cross-linking agent to a water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer as necessary.
- water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer examples include (meth) acrylic acid (in this specification, “acryl” and “methacryl” are collectively referred to as “(meth) acryl”; the same applies hereinafter) and 2- (meth) acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid and salts thereof; (meth) acrylamide, N, N-dimethyl (meth) acrylamide, 2-hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate, N-methylol (meth) Nonionic monomers such as acrylamide and polyethylene glycol mono (meth) acrylate; amino groups such as N, N-diethylaminoethyl (meth) acrylate, N, N-diethylaminopropyl (meth) acrylate and diethylaminopropyl (meth) acrylamide Examples thereof include unsaturated monomers and qua
- water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomers (meth) acrylic acid or a salt thereof, (meth) acrylamide, and N, N-dimethylacrylamide are preferable from the viewpoint of industrial availability. , (Meth) acrylic acid and salts thereof are more preferred.
- these water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomers may be used independently and may be used in combination of 2 or more types.
- acrylic acid and its salts are widely used as raw materials for water-absorbent resins, and these acrylic acids and / or their salts are copolymerized with the other water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomers described above. Sometimes used.
- acrylic acid and / or a salt thereof is preferably used as a main water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer in an amount of 70 to 100 mol% with respect to the total water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer.
- the water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer is preferably dispersed in a hydrocarbon dispersion medium in the form of an aqueous solution and subjected to reverse phase suspension polymerization.
- a hydrocarbon dispersion medium in the form of an aqueous solution and subjected to reverse phase suspension polymerization.
- the concentration of the water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer in this aqueous solution is preferably in the range of 20% by mass to the saturated concentration.
- concentration of a water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer it is more preferable that it is 55 mass% or less, It is further more preferable that it is 50 mass% or less, It is further more preferable that it is 45 mass% or less.
- concentration of the water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer is more preferably 25% by mass or more, further preferably 28% by mass or more, and further preferably 30% by mass or more.
- the acid group is previously alkaline if necessary. You may use what was neutralized with the neutralizing agent.
- alkaline neutralizer include alkali metal salts such as sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, sodium hydrogen carbonate, potassium hydroxide, and potassium carbonate; ammonia and the like. These alkaline neutralizers may be used in the form of an aqueous solution in order to simplify the neutralization operation.
- the alkaline neutralizer mentioned above may be used independently, and may be used in combination of 2 or more types.
- the degree of neutralization of the water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer with the alkaline neutralizing agent is 10 to 100 mol% as the degree of neutralization for all acid groups of the water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer. It is preferably 30 to 90 mol%, more preferably 40 to 85 mol%, still more preferably 50 to 80 mol%.
- radical polymerization initiator examples include persulfates such as potassium persulfate, ammonium persulfate, and sodium persulfate, methyl ethyl ketone peroxide, methyl isobutyl ketone peroxide, di-t-butyl peroxide, peroxides such as t-butylcumyl peroxide, t-butylperoxyacetate, t-butylperoxyisobutyrate, t-butylperoxypivalate, hydrogen peroxide, and 2,2′-azobis ( 2-Amidinopropane) dihydrochloride, 2,2′-azobis [2- (N-phenylamidino) propane] dihydrochloride, 2,2′-azobis [2- (N-allylamidino) propane] dihydrochloride 2,2′-azobis ⁇ 2- [1- (2-hydroxyethyl) -2-
- radical polymerization initiators potassium persulfate, ammonium persulfate, sodium persulfate and 2,2′-azobis (2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride are preferable from the viewpoint of availability and easy handling. It is done.
- radical polymerization initiators may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the radical polymerization initiator can also be used as a redox polymerization initiator in combination with a reducing agent such as sodium sulfite, sodium hydrogen sulfite, ferrous sulfate, and L-ascorbic acid.
- a reducing agent such as sodium sulfite, sodium hydrogen sulfite, ferrous sulfate, and L-ascorbic acid.
- the amount of the radical polymerization initiator used is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include 0.00005 to 0.01 mol with respect to 1 mol of the water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer. By satisfying such a use amount, a rapid polymerization reaction can be avoided and the polymerization reaction can be completed in an appropriate time.
- Internal cross-linking agent examples include those capable of crosslinking the polymer of the water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer to be used.
- (poly) ethylene glycol ““(poly)” is prefixed with “poly”. It means the case with and without. The same shall apply hereinafter), (poly) propylene glycol, 1,4-butanediol, trimethylolpropane, diols such as (poly) glycerin, polyols such as triol, and (meth) acrylic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, etc.
- Unsaturated polyesters obtained by reacting with acids bisacrylamides such as N, N-methylenebisacrylamide; di (meth) acrylates or tris obtained by reacting polyepoxides with (meth) acrylic acid (Meth) acrylic acid esters; di (meth) acrylic acid carbamyl esters obtained by reacting polyisocyanates such as tolylene diisocyanate and hexamethylene diisocyanate with hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate; allylated starch, allyl Cellulose, diallyl phthalate, N, Compounds having two or more polymerizable unsaturated groups such as', N ′′ -triallyl isocyanate, divinylbenzene; (poly) ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether, (poly) propylene glycol diglycidyl ether, (poly) glycerin diglycidyl Polyglycidyl compounds such as diglycidyl compounds such as ether and t
- polyglycidyl compounds are preferably used, diglycidyl ether compounds are more preferably used, (poly) ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether, (poly) propylene glycol diglycidyl ether, (poly) glycerin. It is preferable to use diglycidyl ether.
- diglycidyl ether may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the amount of the internal crosslinking agent used is preferably 0.000001 to 0.02 mol, preferably 0.00001 to 0.01 mol, per 1 mol of the water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer. More preferably, it is 0.00001 to 0.005 mol, and further preferably 0.00001 to 0.002 mol.
- hydrocarbon dispersion medium examples include those having 6 to 8 carbon atoms such as n-hexane, n-heptane, 2-methylhexane, 3-methylhexane, 2,3-dimethylpentane, 3-ethylpentane, and n-octane.
- Aliphatic hydrocarbons cyclohexane, methylcyclohexane, cyclopentane, methylcyclopentane, trans-1,2-dimethylcyclopentane, cis-1,3-dimethylcyclopentane, trans-1,3-dimethylcyclopentane, etc.
- Aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene and xylene.
- hydrocarbon dispersion media n-hexane, n-heptane, and cyclohexane are particularly preferably used because they are easily available industrially, have stable quality, and are inexpensive.
- These hydrocarbon dispersion media may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the mixture of the hydrocarbon dispersion medium include commercially available products such as Exol heptane (manufactured by ExxonMobil Corp .: containing 75 to 85% by mass of hydrocarbon of heptane and its isomer). Even if such a mixture is used, suitable results can be obtained.
- the amount of the hydrocarbon dispersion medium used is that from the viewpoint of uniformly dispersing the water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer and facilitating control of the polymerization temperature, the first stage water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer
- the amount is preferably 100 to 1500 parts by mass, more preferably 200 to 1400 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass.
- the reverse-phase suspension polymerization is performed in one stage (single stage) or in multiple stages of two or more stages.
- the first stage polymerization described above is the first stage in single stage polymerization or multistage polymerization. (Hereinafter the same).
- a dispersion stabilizer In the reverse phase suspension polymerization, a dispersion stabilizer can be used in order to improve the dispersion stability of the water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer in the hydrocarbon dispersion medium. As the dispersion stabilizer, a surfactant can be used.
- surfactant examples include sucrose fatty acid ester, polyglycerin fatty acid ester, sorbitan fatty acid ester, polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester, polyoxyethylene glycerin fatty acid ester, sorbitol fatty acid ester, polyoxyethylene sorbitol fatty acid ester, polyoxyethylene Alkyl ether, polyoxyethylene alkylphenyl ether, polyoxyethylene castor oil, polyoxyethylene hydrogenated castor oil, alkylallyl formaldehyde condensed polyoxyethylene ether, polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene block copolymer, polyoxyethylene polyoxypropyl alkyl ether, Polyethylene glycol fatty acid ester, alkyl glucoside, N-alkyl gluconami , Polyoxyethylene fatty acid amides, polyoxyethylene alkyl amines, phosphoric esters of polyoxyethylene alkyl ethers, can be used phosphoric acid ester of polyoxyethylene alkyl ary
- sucrose fatty acid ester, polyglycerin fatty acid ester, and sorbitan fatty acid ester are particularly preferably used from the viewpoint of dispersion stability of the monomer.
- These surfactants may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the amount of the surfactant used is preferably 0.1 to 30 parts by mass, preferably 0.3 to 20 parts per 100 parts by mass of the water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer in the first stage. More preferably, it is part by mass.
- a polymer dispersant may be used in combination with the above-described surfactant.
- polymeric dispersant examples include maleic anhydride-modified polyethylene, maleic anhydride-modified polypropylene, maleic anhydride-modified ethylene / propylene copolymer, maleic anhydride-modified EPDM (ethylene / propylene / diene / terpolymer), and anhydrous.
- maleic acid-modified polybutadiene maleic anhydride / ethylene copolymer, maleic anhydride / propylene copolymer, maleic anhydride / ethylene / propylene copolymer, maleic anhydride / butadiene copolymer, polyethylene, polypropylene, ethylene / propylene
- the copolymer include oxidized polyethylene, oxidized polypropylene, oxidized ethylene / propylene copolymer, ethylene / acrylic acid copolymer, ethyl cellulose, and ethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose.
- polymeric dispersants in particular, from the viewpoint of dispersion stability of the monomer, maleic anhydride-modified polyethylene, maleic anhydride-modified polypropylene, maleic anhydride-modified ethylene / propylene copolymer, maleic anhydride / Ethylene copolymer, maleic anhydride / propylene copolymer, maleic anhydride / ethylene / propylene copolymer, polyethylene, polypropylene, ethylene / propylene copolymer, oxidized polyethylene, oxidized polypropylene, oxidized ethylene / propylene copolymer It is preferable to use a polymer. These polymer dispersants may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the amount of the polymeric dispersant used is preferably 0.1 to 30 parts by mass, and preferably 0.3 to 20 parts per 100 parts by mass of the water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer in the first stage. More preferably, it is part by mass.
- reverse phase suspension polymerization may be carried out by adding other components to an aqueous solution containing a water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer as desired.
- various additives such as a thickener, a foaming agent, and a chain transfer agent can be added.
- reverse phase suspension polymerization can be performed by adding a thickener to an aqueous solution containing a water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer.
- a thickener By adjusting the aqueous solution viscosity by adding a thickener in this way, it is possible to control the median particle size obtained in reverse phase suspension polymerization.
- the thickener examples include hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, methyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, polyacrylic acid, polyacrylic acid (partial) neutralized product, polyethylene glycol, polyacrylamide, polyethyleneimine, dextrin, sodium alginate, polyvinyl alcohol Polyvinyl pyrrolidone, polyethylene oxide, etc. can be used. If the stirring speed at the time of polymerization is the same, the median particle diameter of the primary particles and / or secondary particles obtained tends to increase as the viscosity of the aqueous water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer solution increases. is there.
- reverse phase suspension polymerization can be performed by adding a blowing agent to an aqueous solution containing a water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer.
- a foaming agent for example, various foaming agents such as carbonate and bicarbonate can be used.
- reverse phase suspension polymerization In carrying out reverse phase suspension polymerization, for example, an aqueous monomer solution containing a water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer is dispersed in a hydrocarbon dispersion medium in the presence of a dispersion stabilizer. At this time, as long as before the polymerization reaction is started, the dispersion stabilizer (surfactant or polymer dispersant) may be added before or after the aqueous monomer solution is dispersed in the hydrocarbon dispersion medium. Good.
- the dispersion stabilizer surfactant or polymer dispersant
- Such reverse phase suspension polymerization can be carried out in one or more stages. Also, it is preferably performed in 2 to 3 stages from the viewpoint of increasing productivity.
- reverse-phase suspension polymerization When reverse-phase suspension polymerization is performed in two or more stages, water-soluble ethylenic unsaturation is performed on the reaction mixture obtained by the first-stage polymerization reaction after the first-stage reverse-phase suspension polymerization. Monomers may be added and mixed, and reverse phase suspension polymerization in the second and subsequent stages may be performed in the same manner as in the first stage.
- a radical polymerization initiator is added during the reverse phase suspension polymerization in each stage after the second stage.
- reverse phase suspension polymerization can be carried out by adding within the range of the molar ratio of each component to the water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer described above. preferable.
- an internal crosslinking agent may be added to the water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer as necessary.
- the reaction temperature of the polymerization reaction is 20 to 110 ° C. from the viewpoint of allowing the polymerization to proceed rapidly and shortening the polymerization time, thereby improving economy and allowing the reaction to be carried out smoothly by easily removing the heat of polymerization. It is preferable that the temperature is 40 to 90 ° C.
- the heating temperature is preferably 50 to 100 ° C., more preferably 60 to 90 ° C. Further, the heating time is preferably 0.1 to 3 hours.
- the stirring operation of the monomer aqueous solution can be performed using various known stirring blades.
- a stirring blade for example, a propeller blade, a paddle blade, an anchor blade, a turbine blade, a fiddler blade, a ribbon blade, a full zone blade (made by Shinko Pantech Co., Ltd.), a Max blend blade (Sumitomo Heavy Industries, Ltd.) Product), Supermix wing (manufactured by Satake Chemical Machinery Co., Ltd.) and the like.
- a stirring blade for example, a propeller blade, a paddle blade, an anchor blade, a turbine blade, a fiddler blade, a ribbon blade, a full zone blade (made by Shinko Pantech Co., Ltd.), a Max blend blade (Sumitomo Heavy Industries, Ltd.) Product), Supermix wing (manufactured by Satake Chemical Machinery Co., Ltd.) and the like.
- the stirring speed can be adjusted, for example, by adjusting the stirring speed.
- the above-mentioned void area ratio is, for example, the amount of radical polymerization initiator and the amount of internal crosslinking agent added to the water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer at the time of reverse phase suspension polymerization. Adjustment, control of the median particle size of the primary particles during the first stage polymerization, heating of the hydrogel after the first stage polymerization, etc. can be controlled to 10% or less. These operations may be performed singly or in combination.
- the water-absorbent resin of the present invention is post-crosslinked with a post-crosslinking agent to a hydrogel having an internal cross-linked structure obtained by polymerizing a water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer (post-crosslinking reaction). It may be obtained at.
- This post-crosslinking reaction is preferably performed in the presence of a post-crosslinking agent after the polymerization of the water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer.
- the cross-linking density in the vicinity of the surface of the water-absorbent resin is increased, and various performances such as water absorption capacity under load. Can be obtained.
- post-crosslinking agent examples include compounds having two or more reactive functional groups.
- polyols such as ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, 1,4-butanediol, trimethylolpropane, glycerin, polyoxyethylene glycol, polyoxypropylene glycol, polyglycerin; (poly) ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether, (poly) Polyglycidyl compounds such as glycerin diglycidyl ether, (poly) glycerin triglycidyl ether, trimethylolpropane triglycidyl ether, (poly) propylene glycol polyglycidyl ether, (poly) glycerol polyglycidyl ether; epichlorohydrin, epibromohydrin, ⁇ -Haloepoxy compounds such as methyl epichlorohydrin; isocyanates such as 2,4-tolylene diisocyanate and hex
- post-crosslinking agents (poly) ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether, (poly) glycerin diglycidyl ether, (poly) glycerin triglycidyl ether, trimethylolpropane triglycidyl ether, (poly) propylene glycol polyglycidyl ether, ( Polyglycidyl compounds such as poly) glycerol polyglycidyl ether are preferred. These post-crosslinking agents may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the amount of the post-crosslinking agent used is preferably 0.00001 to 0.01 mol, preferably 0.00005 to 0.005 mol, based on 1 mol of the water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer used in the polymerization. More preferably, the amount is 0.0001 to 0.002 mol.
- the amount of the water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer used as a reference for the amount of post-crosslinking agent used is the water-soluble ethylenic monomer used in each stage. This is the total amount of saturated monomer.
- the post-crosslinking agent may be added as it is or may be added as an aqueous solution, but if necessary, it may be added as a solution using a hydrophilic organic solvent as a solvent.
- a hydrophilic organic solvent include lower alcohols such as methyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, n-propyl alcohol and isopropyl alcohol; ketones such as acetone and methyl ethyl ketone; ethers such as diethyl ether, dioxane and tetrahydrofuran; N, N Amides such as dimethylformamide; sulfoxides such as dimethyl sulfoxide.
- These hydrophilic organic solvents may be used alone or in combination of two or more or as a mixed solvent with water.
- the post-crosslinking agent may be added after the polymerization reaction of the water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer is almost completed.
- the post-crosslinking agent is preferably added in the presence of water in the range of 1 to 400 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer, and in the presence of water in the range of 5 to 200 parts by weight. More preferably, it is added in the presence of water in the range of 10 to 100 parts by mass, and still more preferably in the presence of water in the range of 20 to 60 parts by mass.
- the amount of moisture means the total amount of moisture contained in the reaction system and moisture used as necessary when the post-crosslinking agent is added.
- the reaction temperature in the post-crosslinking reaction is preferably 50 to 250 ° C., more preferably 60 to 180 ° C., further preferably 60 to 140 ° C., and more preferably 70 to 120 ° C. Further preferred.
- the reaction time for the post-crosslinking reaction is preferably 1 to 300 minutes, more preferably 5 to 200 minutes.
- ⁇ Drying process> In the method for producing a water-absorbent resin of the present invention, after performing the above-described reverse phase suspension polymerization, water, hydrocarbon dispersion medium, and the like are removed from the system by distillation by applying energy such as heat to the system from the outside. A drying step may be included.
- dehydration is performed from a hydrous gel after reversed-phase suspension polymerization, water and the hydrocarbon dispersion medium are temporarily removed from the system by azeotropic distillation by heating the system in which the hydrogel is dispersed in the hydrocarbon dispersion medium. Distill off. At this time, if only the distilled hydrocarbon dispersion medium is returned to the system, continuous azeotropic distillation is possible.
- the drying treatment may be performed under normal pressure or under reduced pressure. Moreover, you may carry out under airflow, such as nitrogen, from a viewpoint of improving drying efficiency.
- the drying temperature is preferably 70 to 250 ° C., more preferably 80 to 180 ° C., further preferably 80 to 140 ° C., and more preferably 90 to More preferably, it is 130 degreeC.
- the drying temperature is preferably 40 to 160 ° C., more preferably 50 to 110 ° C.
- the post-crosslinking step using the post-crosslinking agent is performed after the polymerization of the monomer by the reverse phase suspension polymerization, it is preferable to perform the above-described drying step after the completion of the cross-linking step.
- a chelating agent such as a chelating agent, a reducing agent, an oxidizing agent, an antibacterial agent, and a deodorizing agent after superposition
- polymerization during drying, or after drying with respect to a water absorbing resin as needed.
- the water absorbent resin of the present invention constitutes an absorbent body used for sanitary materials such as sanitary goods and paper diapers, and is suitably used for absorbent articles including the absorbent body. .
- the absorbent body using the water-absorbent resin is composed of, for example, a water-absorbent resin and hydrophilic fibers.
- the structure of the absorber is a mixed dispersion obtained by mixing the water-absorbent resin and the hydrophilic fiber so as to have a uniform composition, and a sandwich in which the water-absorbent resin is sandwiched between layered hydrophilic fibers. Examples include a structure, a structure in which a water-absorbing resin and a hydrophilic fiber are wrapped with a tissue.
- the absorbent body may contain other components, for example, an adhesive binder such as a heat-fusible synthetic fiber, a hot melt adhesive, and an adhesive emulsion for enhancing the shape retention of the absorbent body. .
- the water-absorbent resin of the present invention can also be used for an absorbent body that does not substantially contain hydrophilic fibers (that is, the content of hydrophilic fibers contained in the absorbent body is 0% by mass).
- an absorber which does not contain hydrophilic fiber substantially a water absorbing sheet etc. are mentioned, for example.
- the content of the water absorbent resin in the absorber is preferably 50% by mass or more, and more preferably 70 to 100% by mass.
- hydrophilic fibers include cellulose fibers such as cotton-like pulp, mechanical pulp, chemical pulp, and semi-chemical pulp obtained from wood, synthetic cellulose fibers such as rayon and acetate, and polyamides, polyesters, and polyolefins that have been hydrophilized. Examples thereof include fibers made of resin.
- the water-absorbent resin of the present invention has a feature that it exhibits a high liquid retention performance under load even when used in an absorbent body having a small proportion of hydrophilic fibers, and has a small amount of reversion.
- the proportion of the hydrophilic fibers in the absorber is preferably 50% by mass or less, more preferably 0 to 30% by mass.
- a liquid holding performance under high load can be exhibited, and an absorbent body with a small amount of reversion can be obtained.
- the liquid permeable sheet is disposed on the side in contact with the body, and the liquid impermeable sheet is disposed on the opposite side in contact with the body.
- liquid permeable sheet examples include air-through type, spunbond type, chemical bond type, needle punch type nonwoven fabrics and porous synthetic resin sheets made of fibers such as polyethylene, polypropylene, and polyester.
- liquid impermeable sheet examples include synthetic resin films made of resins such as polyethylene, polypropylene, and polyvinyl chloride.
- the water-absorbent resin of the present invention has a feature that it exhibits a high liquid retention performance under load even when used in an absorbent body having a small proportion of hydrophilic fibers, and has a small amount of reversion.
- a thin absorbent article having a thickness of preferably 5 mm or less, more preferably 3 mm or less can be obtained.
- water-absorbent resins obtained in the following examples and comparative examples were evaluated by the following various tests. Hereinafter, each evaluation test method will be described.
- the water absorbent resin particles were classified using a JIS standard sieve, and 4 particles were randomly selected from the particles of the water absorbent resin on the sieve having an opening of 180 ⁇ m that passed through the sieve having an opening of 600 ⁇ m.
- a resin sample was placed on a sample stage of an X-ray computed tomography apparatus (Xradia, MicroXCT-400), and cross-sectional image data was acquired by X-ray computed tomography.
- an image analysis software Volume Graphics, myVGL
- a cross-sectional image in the direction or the vertical direction was selected. That is, as shown in the schematic diagram of FIG. 1, first, a cross-sectional image of the resin sample 11 on the sample stage 10 was obtained in each of the three directions of the x direction, the y direction, and the z direction orthogonal to each other. Then, in each direction, a cross-sectional image having the longest particle length w (see FIGS.
- the cavity area ratio was calculated using this cross-sectional image.
- general-purpose image processing software Nanosystem Corporation, NanoHunter NS2K-Pro / Lt
- the cross-sectional area of the resin sample total cross-sectional area (A) of the resin portion of the water-absorbent resin
- the area of the colored portion was measured.
- the cross-sectional area of the resin sample By subtracting the cross-sectional area of the resin sample from the cross-sectional area in which the cavity of the obtained resin sample is filled, the cross-sectional area of the hollow part of the resin sample (total cross-sectional area (B) of the hollow part of the water absorbent resin) is calculated.
- the cavity area ratio of the resin sample was calculated from the following formula (I). By this method, the cavity area ratio of the resin sample was measured for four resin samples, and the average value was taken as the cavity area ratio of the water absorbent resin.
- Cavity area ratio [%] ⁇ total cross-sectional area of hollow part of water-absorbent resin (B) / (total cross-sectional area of resin part of water-absorbent resin (A) + total cross-sectional area of hollow part of water-absorbent resin (B) ) ⁇ ⁇ 100 (I)
- 50g of water-absorbing resin was put into the combined uppermost sieve and classified by shaking for 20 minutes using a low-tap shaker. After classification, the mass of the water-absorbent resin remaining on each sieve was calculated as a mass percentage with respect to the total amount, and the particle size distribution was determined. Based on this particle size distribution, by integrating the mass percentage of the water-absorbing resin remaining on the sieve in order from the larger mesh size, the sieve aperture and the integrated value of the mass percentage of the water-absorbing resin remaining on the sieve The relationship was plotted on a log probability paper. By connecting the plots on the probability paper with a straight line, the particle diameter corresponding to an integrated mass percentage of 50 mass% was defined as the median particle diameter.
- ⁇ Saline retention capacity> In a 500 ml beaker, weigh 500 g of 0.9 mass% sodium chloride aqueous solution (saline) and stir with a magnetic stirrer bar (no 8 mm ⁇ x 30 mm ring) at a stirring speed of 600 rpm while absorbing water. 2.0 ⁇ 0.001 g was dispersed so as not to cause maco. The mixture was allowed to stand for 30 minutes with stirring to fully swell the water absorbent resin. Then, it was poured into a cotton bag (Membroad No.
- ⁇ Measurement of retention rate under physiological saline load The measurement of the retention rate under physiological saline load was performed in a room adjusted to 25 ° C. ⁇ 1 ° C. 250 g of physiological saline adjusted to a temperature of 25 ° C. in a constant temperature water bath is placed in a 500 mL beaker and stirred with a magnetic stirrer bar (without 8 mm ⁇ ⁇ 30 mm ring) at a stirring rotational speed of 600 rpm. .9 ⁇ 0.001 g was dispersed so as not to cause maco. The mixture was allowed to stand for 60 minutes with stirring to sufficiently swell the water absorbent resin.
- the mass (W0) of a cylinder having an inner diameter of 60 mm and a height of 70 mm with a 400 mesh stainless steel mesh attached to the bottom is measured, and the entire content of the beaker is poured into the cylinder, the thickness is 1 mm, and the mesh is 1.5 mm.
- the mass (W1) of the cylinder (including the water-absorbing resin that had been drained) after draining for 1 minute was measured.
- the water absorption magnification after draining for 1 minute was calculated from W0 and W1 according to the following formula.
- Retention rate under physiological saline load was calculated from the water absorption ratio after draining for 1 minute and the water absorption ratio after draining under pressure for 15 minutes.
- Retention rate under physiological saline load (%) [(water absorption ratio after draining under pressure for 15 minutes) / (water absorption ratio after draining for 1 minute)] ⁇ 100
- ⁇ Reverse amount of absorbent article> Preparation of artificial urine In a 10 L container, 60 g of sodium chloride, 1.8 g of calcium chloride dihydrate, 3.6 g of magnesium chloride hexahydrate and an appropriate amount of distilled water were added and completely dissolved. Next, 0.02 g of polyoxyethylene nonylphenyl ether was added, and distilled water was further added to adjust the total mass of the aqueous solution to 6000 g. Furthermore, it was colored with a small amount of blue No. 1 to obtain artificial urine.
- the obtained laminate is sandwiched between different nonwoven fabrics A and then heat-sealed with a thermal laminator (manufactured by HASHIMA CORPORATION: linear adhesive press HP-600LF) set at a heating temperature of 130 ° C. To obtain a water absorbing sheet.
- a thermal laminator manufactured by HASHIMA CORPORATION: linear adhesive press HP-600LF
- Example 1 As a reflux condenser, a dropping funnel, a nitrogen gas introduction tube, and a stirrer, a 2-L round bottom cylindrical separable flask having an inner diameter of 110 mm and equipped with a stirring blade having two inclined paddle blades with a blade diameter of 50 mm in two stages. Got ready.
- n-heptane 300 g was taken as a hydrocarbon dispersion medium, 0.74 g of sucrose stearate ester of HLB3 (Mitsubishi Chemical Foods Co., Ltd., Ryoto Sugar Ester S-370) as a surfactant, and polymer dispersion 0.74 g of maleic anhydride-modified ethylene / propylene copolymer (Mitsui Chemicals, High Wax 1105A) was added as an agent, and the temperature was raised to 80 ° C. while stirring to dissolve the surfactant, and then up to 50 ° C. Cooled down.
- hydroxyl ethyl cellulose (Sumitomo Seika Co., Ltd., HEC AW-15F) as a thickener and 2,2′-azobis (2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride as an azo compound 11 g (0.00041 mol) and 0.0064 g (0.000037 mol) ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether as an internal crosslinking agent were added and dissolved to prepare an aqueous monomer solution.
- the rotation speed of the stirrer was set to 500 rpm, the monomer aqueous solution prepared as described above was added to the separable flask, the inside of the system was sufficiently replaced with nitrogen, and then the flask was immersed in a 70 ° C water bath to raise the temperature Then, polymerization was started. Next, when the temperature in the system reached the peak polymerization temperature (80 to 90 ° C.), the water bath was set at 80 ° C. and heated for 60 minutes to obtain a first stage polymerization slurry.
- the inside of the above-described separable flask system was cooled, and the total amount of the second-stage monomer aqueous solution was added to the first-stage polymerization slurry to 27 ° C.
- the flask was again immersed in a 70 ° C. water bath to raise the temperature, and the second stage polymerization was carried out for 30 minutes.
- the flask was immersed in a 125 ° C. oil bath to heat the second stage polymerization slurry, and 239 g while refluxing n-heptane by azeotropic distillation of n-heptane and water.
- Example 2 As a reflux condenser, a dropping funnel, a nitrogen gas introduction tube, and a stirrer, a 2-L round bottom cylindrical separable flask having an inner diameter of 110 mm and equipped with a stirring blade having two inclined paddle blades with a blade diameter of 50 mm in two stages. Got ready.
- n-heptane 300 g was taken as a hydrocarbon dispersion medium, 0.74 g of sucrose stearate ester of HLB3 (Mitsubishi Chemical Foods Co., Ltd., Ryoto Sugar Ester S-370) as a surfactant, and polymer dispersion 0.74 g of maleic anhydride-modified ethylene / propylene copolymer (Mitsui Chemicals, High Wax 1105A) was added as an agent, and the temperature was raised to 80 ° C. while stirring to dissolve the surfactant, and then up to 50 ° C. Cooled down.
- hydroxyl ethyl cellulose (Sumitomo Seika Co., Ltd., HEC AW-15F) as a thickener and 2,2′-azobis (2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride as an azo compound 11 g (0.00041 mol) and 0.0064 g (0.000037 mol) ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether as an internal crosslinking agent were added and dissolved to prepare an aqueous monomer solution.
- the rotation speed of the stirrer was set to 600 rpm, the monomer aqueous solution prepared as described above was added to the separable flask, the inside of the system was sufficiently replaced with nitrogen, and then the flask was immersed in a 70 ° C. water bath to raise the temperature. Then, polymerization was started. Next, when the temperature in the system reached the peak polymerization temperature (80 to 90 ° C.), the water bath was set at 80 ° C. and heated for 60 minutes to obtain a first stage polymerization slurry.
- the peak polymerization temperature 80 to 90 ° C.
- the inside of the above-described separable flask system was cooled, and the total amount of the second stage monomer aqueous solution was added to the first stage polymerization slurry liquid to 27 ° C.
- the flask was again immersed in a 70 ° C. water bath to raise the temperature, and the second stage polymerization was carried out for 30 minutes.
- the flask is immersed in an oil bath at 125 ° C. to heat the second stage polymerization slurry, and n-heptane is refluxed into the system by azeotropic distillation of n-heptane and water.
- n-heptane 300 g was taken as a hydrocarbon dispersion medium, 0.74 g of sucrose stearate ester of HLB3 (Mitsubishi Chemical Foods Co., Ltd., Ryoto Sugar Ester S-370) as a surfactant, and polymer dispersion 0.74 g of maleic anhydride-modified ethylene / propylene copolymer (Mitsui Chemicals, High Wax 1105A) was added as an agent, and the temperature was raised to 80 ° C. while stirring to dissolve the surfactant, and then up to 50 ° C. Cooled down.
- hydroxyl ethyl cellulose (Sumitomo Seika Co., Ltd., HEC AW-15F) as a thickener and 2,2′-azobis (2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride as an azo compound 11 g (0.00041 mol) and 0.0064 g (0.000037 mol) ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether as an internal crosslinking agent were added and dissolved to prepare an aqueous monomer solution.
- the rotation speed of the stirrer was set to 600 rpm, the monomer aqueous solution prepared as described above was added to the separable flask, the inside of the system was sufficiently replaced with nitrogen, and then the flask was immersed in a 70 ° C. water bath to raise the temperature. Then, polymerization was started.
- the rotation speed of the stirring is changed to 1000 rpm, the flask is heated in an oil bath of 125 ° C., and n-heptane and While refluxing n-heptane by azeotropic distillation with water, 23 g of water was extracted out of the system to obtain a first-stage polymerization slurry.
- the entire amount of the second stage monomer aqueous solution was added to the first stage polymerization slurry liquid to 27 ° C., and the inside of the system was sufficiently replaced with nitrogen. Thereafter, the flask was again immersed in a 70 ° C. water bath to raise the temperature, and the second stage polymerization was carried out for 30 minutes.
- the flask is immersed in an oil bath at 125 ° C. to heat the second stage polymerization slurry, and n-heptane is refluxed into the system by azeotropic distillation of n-heptane and water. While removing 227 g of water out of the system, 4.42 g (0.51 mmol) of a 2% by weight aqueous solution of ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether was added as a post-crosslinking agent and kept at 80 ° C. for 120 minutes. Thereafter, n-heptane was evaporated and dried to obtain a resin powder. This resin powder was passed through a sieve having an opening of 850 ⁇ m to obtain 236.0 g of a water absorbent resin having a median particle diameter of 380 ⁇ m in which spherical particles were aggregated.
- n-heptane 300 g was taken as a hydrocarbon dispersion medium, 0.74 g of sucrose stearate ester of HLB3 (Mitsubishi Chemical Foods Co., Ltd., Ryoto Sugar Ester S-370) as a surfactant, and polymer dispersion 0.74 g of maleic anhydride-modified ethylene / propylene copolymer (Mitsui Chemicals, High Wax 1105A) was added as an agent, and the temperature was raised to 80 ° C. while stirring to dissolve the surfactant, and then up to 50 ° C. Cooled down.
- hydroxyl ethyl cellulose (Sumitomo Seika Co., Ltd., HEC AW-15F) as a thickener and 2,2′-azobis (2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride as an azo compound 11 g (0.00041 mol) and 0.0064 g (0.000037 mol) ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether as an internal crosslinking agent were added and dissolved to prepare an aqueous monomer solution.
- the rotation speed of the stirrer was set to 500 rpm, the monomer aqueous solution prepared as described above was added to the separable flask, and the inside of the system was sufficiently replaced with nitrogen. Then, polymerization was started. Next, when the temperature in the system reaches the peak polymerization temperature (80 to 90 ° C.), the rotation speed of the stirring is changed to 1000 rpm, the flask is heated in an oil bath of 125 ° C., and n-heptane and While n-heptane was refluxed into the system by azeotropic distillation with water, 92 g of water was extracted out of the system to obtain a first-stage polymerization slurry.
- the peak polymerization temperature 80 to 90 ° C.
- the entire amount of the second stage monomer aqueous solution was added to the first stage polymerization slurry liquid to 27 ° C., and the inside of the system was sufficiently replaced with nitrogen. Thereafter, the flask was again immersed in a 70 ° C. water bath to raise the temperature, and the second stage polymerization was carried out for 30 minutes.
- the flask is immersed in an oil bath at 125 ° C. to heat the second stage polymerization slurry, and n-heptane is refluxed into the system by azeotropic distillation of n-heptane and water. While removing 168 g of water out of the system, 4.42 g (0.51 mmol) of a 2% by weight aqueous solution of ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether was added as a post-crosslinking agent and kept at 80 ° C. for 120 minutes. Thereafter, n-heptane was evaporated and dried to obtain a resin powder. This resin powder was passed through a sieve having an aperture of 850 ⁇ m to obtain 238.0 g of a water-absorbing resin having a median particle diameter of 370 ⁇ m in which spherical particles were aggregated.
- Table 1 shows the results of evaluating the water-absorbent resins produced in Examples and Comparative Examples and absorbent articles using the same by the above-described evaluation test methods.
Abstract
Description
空洞面積率[%]={吸水性樹脂の空洞部分の総断面積(B)/(吸水性樹脂の樹脂部分の総断面積(A)+吸水性樹脂の空洞部分の総断面積(B))}×100・・・(I)
本発明は、このような知見に基づき、さらに鋭意検討を重ねて完成した発明である。
項1. 水溶性エチレン性不飽和単量体の重合体により構成された吸水性樹脂であって、X線コンピューター断層撮影法によって、前記吸水性樹脂の断面画像を観察した場合に、下記式(I)によって算出される、前記断面画像における空洞部分の面積の割合(空洞面積率)が、10%以下である、吸水性樹脂。
空洞面積率[%]={吸水性樹脂の空洞部分の総断面積(B)/(吸水性樹脂の樹脂部分の総断面積(A)+吸水性樹脂の空洞部分の総断面積(B))}×100・・・(I)
項2. 前記吸水性樹脂の生理食塩水荷重下保持率が、73%以上である、項1に記載の吸水性樹脂。
項3. 前記吸水性樹脂の形状が、略球状、または略球状の粒子が凝集した形状である、項1または2に記載の吸水性樹脂。
項4. 吸収体中の親水性繊維の割合が50質量%以下となるように設計された吸収体に用いられる、項1~3のいずれかに記載の吸水性樹脂。
本発明の吸水性樹脂は、水溶性エチレン性不飽和単量体の重合体により構成された吸水性樹脂であって、X線コンピューター断層撮影法によって、吸水性樹脂の断面画像を観察した場合に、下記式(I)によって算出される、断面画像における空洞部分の面積の割合(空洞面積率)が、10%以下であることを特徴とする。
空洞面積率[%]={吸水性樹脂の空洞部分の総断面積(B)/(吸水性樹脂の樹脂部分の総断面積(A)+吸水性樹脂の空洞部分の総断面積(B))}×100・・・(I)
予め、JIS標準篩を用いて吸水性樹脂の粒子を分級し目開き600μmの篩を通過する目開き180μmの篩上の吸水性樹脂の粒子からランダムに4粒選択し、樹脂サンプルとする。樹脂サンプルをX線コンピューター断層撮影装置の試料台上に設置し、X線コンピューター断層撮影により断面画像データを取得する。次に、画像解析ソフトを用いて、樹脂サンプルの任意の角度の有姿や水平方向及び垂直方向の任意の断面を観察する。
本発明の吸水性樹脂は、水溶性エチレン性不飽和単量体を重合させることによって製造することができる。
[水溶性エチレン性不飽和単量体]
水溶性エチレン性不飽和単量体としては、例えば、(メタ)アクリル酸(本明細書においては、「アクリル」及び「メタクリル」を合わせて「(メタ)アクリル」と表記する。以下同様)及びその塩;2-(メタ)アクリルアミド-2-メチルプロパンスルホン酸及びその塩;(メタ)アクリルアミド、N,N-ジメチル(メタ)アクリルアミド、2-ヒドロキシエチル(メタ)アクリレート、N-メチロール(メタ)アクリルアミド、ポリエチレングリコールモノ(メタ)アクリレート等の非イオン性単量体;N,N-ジエチルアミノエチル(メタ)アクリレート、N,N-ジエチルアミノプロピル(メタ)アクリレート、ジエチルアミノプロピル(メタ)アクリルアミド等のアミノ基含有不飽和単量体及びその4級化物等が挙げられる。これらの水溶性エチレン性不飽和単量体の中でも、工業的に入手が容易であること等の観点から、(メタ)アクリル酸又はその塩、(メタ)アクリルアミド、N,N-ジメチルアクリルアミドが好ましく、(メタ)アクリル酸及びその塩がより好ましい。なお、これらの水溶性エチレン性不飽和単量体は、単独で用いてもよく、2種類以上を組み合わせて用いてもよい。
当該重合工程に添加されるラジカル重合開始剤としては、例えば、過硫酸カリウム、過硫酸アンモニウム、過硫酸ナトリウム等の過硫酸塩類、メチルエチルケトンパーオキシド、メチルイソブチルケトンパーオキシド、ジ-t-ブチルパーオキシド、t-ブチルクミルパーオキシド、t-ブチルパーオキシアセテート、t-ブチルパーオキシイソブチレート、t-ブチルパーオキシピバレート、過酸化水素等の過酸化物類、並びに、2,2'-アゾビス(2-アミジノプロパン)2塩酸塩、2,2’-アゾビス〔2-(N-フェニルアミジノ)プロパン〕2塩酸塩、2,2’-アゾビス〔2-(N-アリルアミジノ)プロパン〕2塩酸塩、2,2’-アゾビス{2-〔1-(2-ヒドロキシエチル)-2-イミダゾリン-2-イル〕プロパン}2塩酸塩、2,2’-アゾビス{2-メチル-N-〔1,1-ビス(ヒドロキシメチル)-2-ヒドロキシエチル〕プロピオンアミド}、2,2’-アゾビス〔2-メチル-N-(2-ヒドロキシエチル)-プロピオンアミド〕、4,4’-アゾビス(4-シアノ吉草酸)等のアゾ化合物等を挙げることができる。これらのラジカル重合開始剤の中でも、入手が容易で取り扱いやすいという観点から、好ましくは、過硫酸カリウム、過硫酸アンモニウム、過硫酸ナトリウム及び2,2'-アゾビス(2-アミジノプロパン)2塩酸塩が挙げられる。これらラジカル重合開始剤は、単独で用いても、2種以上を組み合わせて用いてもよい。
内部架橋剤としては、使用する水溶性エチレン性不飽和単量体の重合体を架橋できるものが挙げられ、例えば、(ポリ)エチレングリコール〔「(ポリ)」とは「ポリ」の接頭語がある場合とない場合を意味する。以下同様〕、(ポリ)プロピレングリコール、1,4-ブタンジオール、トリメチロールプロパン、(ポリ)グリセリン等のジオール、トリオール等のポリオール類と(メタ)アクリル酸、マレイン酸、フマル酸等の不飽和酸とを反応させて得られる不飽和ポリエステル類;N,N-メチレンビスアクリルアミド等のビスアクリルアミド類;ポリエポキシドと(メタ)アクリル酸とを反応させて得られるジ(メタ)アクリル酸エステル類又はトリ(メタ)アクリル酸エステル類;トリレンジイソシアネート、ヘキサメチレンジイソシアネート等のポリイソシアネートと(メタ)アクリル酸ヒドロキシエチルとを反応させて得られるジ(メタ)アクリル酸カルバミルエステル類;アリル化澱粉、アリル化セルロース、ジアリルフタレート、N,N’,N’’-トリアリルイソシアネート、ジビニルベンゼン等の重合性不飽和基を2個以上有する化合物;(ポリ)エチレングリコールジグリシジルエーテル、(ポリ)プロピレングリコールジグリシジルエーテル、(ポリ)グリセリンジグリシジルエーテル等のジグリシジル化合物、トリグリシジル化合物等のポリグリシジル化合物;エピクロルヒドリン、エピブロムヒドリン、α-メチルエピクロルヒドリン等のエピハロヒドリン化合物;2,4-トリレンジイソシアネート、ヘキサメチレンジイソシアネート等のイソシアネート化合物等の反応性官能基を2個以上有する化合物;3-メチル-3-オキセタンメタノール、3-エチル-3-オキセタンメタノール、3-ブチル-3-オキセタンメタノール、3-メチル-3-オキセタンエタノール、3-エチル-3-オキセタンエタノール、3-ブチル-3-オキセタンエタノール等のオキセタン化合物等が挙げられる。これらの内部架橋剤の中でも、ポリグリシジル化合物を用いることが好ましく、ジグリシジルエーテル化合物を用いることがより好ましく、(ポリ)エチレングリコールジグリシジルエーテル、(ポリ)プロピレングリコールジグリシジルエーテル、(ポリ)グリセリンジグリシジルエーテルを用いることが好ましい。これらの内部架橋剤は、単独で用いてもよく、2種類以上を組み合わせて用いてもよい。
炭化水素分散媒としては、例えば、n-ヘキサン、n-ヘプタン、2-メチルヘキサン、3-メチルヘキサン、2,3-ジメチルペンタン、3-エチルペンタン、n-オクタン等の炭素数6~8の脂肪族炭化水素;シクロヘキサン、メチルシクロヘキサン、シクロペンタン、メチルシクロペンタン、trans-1,2-ジメチルシクロペンタン、cis-1,3-ジメチルシクロペンタン、trans-1,3-ジメチルシクロペンタン等の脂環族炭化水素;ベンゼン、トルエン、キシレン等の芳香族炭化水素等が挙げられる。これらの炭化水素分散媒の中でも、特に、工業的に入手が容易であり、品質が安定しており且つ安価である点で、n-ヘキサン、n-ヘプタン、シクロヘキサンが好適に用いられる。これらの炭化水素分散媒は、単独で用いてもよく、2種類以上を組み合わせて用いてもよい。なお、炭化水素分散媒の混合物の例としては、エクソールヘプタン(エクソンモービル社製:ヘプタン及びその異性体の炭化水素75~85質量%含有)等の市販品が挙げられる。このような混合物を用いても好適な結果を得ることができる。
(界面活性剤)
逆相懸濁重合では、水溶性エチレン性不飽和単量体の炭化水素分散媒中での分散安定性を向上させるために、分散安定剤を用いることもできる。その分散安定剤としては、界面活性剤を用いることができる。
また、逆相懸濁重合で用いられる分散安定剤としては、上述した界面活性剤と共に、高分子系分散剤を併せて用いてもよい。
吸水性樹脂の製造方法において、所望によりその他の成分を、水溶性エチレン性不飽和単量体を含む水溶液に添加して逆相懸濁重合を行うようにしてもよい。その他の成分としては、増粘剤、発泡剤、連鎖移動剤等の各種の添加剤を添加することができる。
一例として、水溶性エチレン性不飽和単量体を含む水溶液に対して増粘剤を添加して逆相懸濁重合を行うことができる。このように増粘剤を添加して水溶液粘度を調製することによって、逆相懸濁重合において得られる中位粒子径を制御することが可能である。
一例として、水溶性エチレン性不飽和単量体を含む水溶液に対して発泡剤を添加して逆相懸濁重合を行うことができる。このように発泡剤を添加して水溶液に気泡を含有させることによって、逆相懸濁重合において得られる粒子の空洞面積率を制御することが可能である。発泡剤としては、例えば、炭酸塩、炭酸水素塩等の各種発泡剤等を用いることができる。
逆相懸濁重合を行うにあたっては、例えば、分散安定剤の存在下に、水溶性エチレン性不飽和単量体を含む単量体水溶液を、炭化水素分散媒に分散させる。このとき、重合反応を開始する前であれば、分散安定剤(界面活性剤や高分子系分散剤)の添加時期は、単量体水溶液を炭化水素分散媒に分散させる前後どちらであってもよい。
本発明の吸水性樹脂は、水溶性エチレン性不飽和単量体を重合して得られた内部架橋構造を有する含水ゲル状物に対して、後架橋剤で後架橋すること(後架橋反応)で得てもよい。この後架橋反応は、水溶性エチレン性不飽和単量体の重合後以降に後架橋剤の存在下に行うことが好ましい。このように、重合後以降に、内部架橋構造を有する含水ゲル状物に対して後架橋反応を施すことによって、吸水性樹脂の表面近傍の架橋密度を高めて、荷重下吸水能等の諸性能を高めた吸水性樹脂を得ることができる。
本発明の吸水性樹脂の製造方法は、上述した逆相懸濁重合を行った後、系に熱等のエネルギーを外部から加えることで、水、炭化水素分散媒等を蒸留により系から除去する乾燥工程を含んでいてもよい。逆相懸濁重合後の含水ゲルから脱水を行う場合、炭化水素分散媒中に含水ゲルが分散している系を加熱することで、水と炭化水素分散媒を共沸蒸留により系外に一旦留去する。このとき、留去した炭化水素分散媒のみを系内へ返送すると、連続的な共沸蒸留が可能となる。その場合、乾燥中の系内の温度が、炭化水素分散媒との共沸温度以下に維持されるため、樹脂が劣化しにくい。引き続き、水及び炭化水素分散媒を留去することにより、吸水性樹脂の粒子が得られる。この重合後における乾燥工程の処理条件を制御して脱水量を調整することにより、得られる吸水性樹脂の諸性能を制御することが可能である。
本発明の吸水性樹脂は、例えば、生理用品、紙オムツ等の衛生材料に用いられる吸収体を構成するものであり、前記吸収体を含む吸収性物品に好適に用いられる。
予め、JIS標準篩を用いて吸水性樹脂の粒子を分級し目開き600μmの篩を通過する目開き180μmの篩上の吸水性樹脂の粒子からランダムに4粒選択し、樹脂サンプルとした。樹脂サンプルをX線コンピューター断層撮影装置(Xradia社製、MicroXCT-400)の試料台上に設置し、X線コンピューター断層撮影により断面画像データを取得した。次に、画像解析ソフト(Volume Graphics社製、myVGL)を用いて、樹脂サンプルの任意の角度の有姿や水平方向及び垂直方向の任意の断面を観察した。
装置:MicroXCT-400(Xradia社)
X線管電圧:80kV
X線管電流:122μA
光学レンズ:10倍
照射時間:0.8sec
ピクセルサイズ:2.149μm
X線源-試料間距離:29.1533mm
検出器-試料間距離:7.3723mm
撮影範囲:-90°~90°
画像解析装置:myVGL2.2(Volume Graphics社)
JIS標準篩を上から、目開き850μmの篩、目開き600μmの篩、目開き500μmの篩、目開き425μmの篩、目開き300μmの篩、目開き250μmの篩、目開き150μmの篩、及び受け皿の順に組み合わせた。
500ml容のビーカーに、0.9質量%塩化ナトリウム水溶液(生理食塩水)500gを量り取り、マグネチックスターラーバー(8mmφ×30mmのリングなし)で攪拌回転数600rpmにて撹拌しながら、吸水性樹脂2.0±0.001gを、ママコが発生しないように分散させた。撹拌した状態で30分間放置し、吸水性樹脂を十分に膨潤させた。その後、綿袋(メンブロード60番、横100mm×縦200mm)中に注ぎ込み、綿袋の上部を輪ゴムで縛り、遠心力が167Gとなるよう設定した脱水機(国産遠心機株式会社製、品番:H-122)を用いて綿袋を1分間脱水し、脱水後の膨潤ゲルを含んだ綿袋の質量Wa(g)を測定した。吸水性樹脂を添加せずに同様の操作を行ない、綿袋の湿潤時の空質量Wb(g)を測定し、以下の式から吸水性樹脂の生理食塩水保水能を算出した。
生理食塩水保水能(g/g)=[Wa-Wb](g)/吸水性樹脂の質量(g)
生理食塩水荷重下保持率の測定は、25℃±1℃に調節した室内で行った。恒温水槽にて25℃の温度に調整した生理食塩水250gを500mL容のビーカーに入れ、マグネチックスターラーバー(8mmφ×30mmのリングなし)で攪拌回転数600rpmにて攪拌しながら、吸水性樹脂0.9±0.001gを、ママコが発生しないように分散させた。撹拌した状態で60分間放置し、吸水性樹脂を十分に膨潤させた。
15分間加圧下水きり後の吸水倍率(g/g)=[[W2-(W0+吸水性樹脂の質量)]/吸水性樹脂の質量]×100
生理食塩水荷重下保持率(%)=[(15分間加圧下水きり後の吸水倍率)/(1分間水きり後の吸水倍率)]×100
(1)人工尿の作製
10L容の容器に、塩化ナトリウム60g、塩化カルシウム二水和物1.8g、塩化マグネシウム六水和物3.6g及び適量の蒸留水を入れ、完全に溶解した。次いで、ポリオキシエチレンノニルフェニルエーテル0.02gを添加し、更に蒸留水を追加して、水溶液全体の質量を6000gに調整した。更に、少量の青色1号で着色して、人工尿とした。
ローラー型散布機(株式会社ハシマ製:シンターエースM/C)の投入口に、接着剤としてのエチレン-酢酸ビニル共重合体(EVA;融点95℃)30質量部と、吸水性樹脂90質量部とを均一混合させたものを仕込んだ。一方、散布機下部のコンベアーに、幅30cmのポリプロピレン製スパンボンド-メルトブローン-スパンボンド(SMS)(不織布を親水化剤により親水化処理したもの(目付量13g/m2、厚さ:150μm、ポリプロピレン含有率:100%、親水度=16;「不織布A」とする))を敷いた。次いで、散布ローラーと下部コンベアーを稼動させることにより、前記混合物を目付量300g/m2で前記不織布上に均一に積層した。
得られた吸水シートを幅30cm×長さ40cmの短冊状で、長手方向が不織布の縦方向(機械方向)となるように切断し、次に、前記吸水シートの上面に、吸水シートと同じ大きさで、坪量22g/m2のポリエチレン-ポリプロピレン製エアスルー型多孔質液体透過性シートを配置し、同じ大きさ、同じ坪量のポリエチレン製液体不透過性シートを吸水シートの下面に配置して吸水シートを挟みつけることにより、吸収性物品を作製した。
次に水平の台上に吸収性物品を置き、その吸収性物品の中心部に、内径3cmの液投入用シリンダーを具備した測定器具を置き、50mLの人工尿をそのシリンダー内に一度に投入し、吸収性物品をそのままの状態で保存した。この操作を1回目の人工尿投入開始から30分後及び60分後にも、1回目と同じ位置に同様に行った。そして、1回目の試験液投入開始から120分後、吸収性物品上の人工尿投入位置付近に予め質量を測定しておいた10cm四方の濾紙(54枚,総質量(Wd)約50g)を置き、その上に底面が10cm×10cmの質量5kgの重りを載せた。5分間の荷重後、濾紙の質量(We(g))を測定し、増加した質量を逆戻り量(g)とした。
(実施例1)
還流冷却器、滴下ロート、窒素ガス導入管、並びに、攪拌機として、翼径50mmの4枚傾斜パドル翼を2段で有する攪拌翼を備えた内径110mm、2L容の丸底円筒型セパラブルフラスコを準備した。このフラスコに、炭化水素分散媒としてn-ヘプタン300gをとり、界面活性剤としてHLB3のショ糖ステアリン酸エステル(三菱化学フーズ株式会社、リョートーシュガーエステルS-370)0.74g、高分子系分散剤として無水マレイン酸変性エチレン・プロピレン共重合体(三井化学株式会社、ハイワックス1105A)0.74gを添加し、攪拌しつつ80℃まで昇温して界面活性剤を溶解した後、50℃まで冷却した。
一方、別の500mL容の三角フラスコに80質量%のアクリル酸水溶液128.8g(1.43モル)をとり、外部より冷却しつつ、27質量%の水酸化ナトリウム水溶液159.0gを滴下して75モル%の中和を行った後、アゾ系化合物として2,2’-アゾビス(2-アミジノプロパン)2塩酸塩0.129g(0.475ミリモル)、および内部架橋剤としてエチレングリコールジグリシジルエーテル0.0116g(0.067ミリモル)を加えて溶解し、第2段目のモノマー水溶液を調製した。
還流冷却器、滴下ロート、窒素ガス導入管、並びに、攪拌機として、翼径50mmの4枚傾斜パドル翼を2段で有する攪拌翼を備えた内径110mm、2L容の丸底円筒型セパラブルフラスコを準備した。このフラスコに、炭化水素分散媒としてn-ヘプタン300gをとり、界面活性剤としてHLB3のショ糖ステアリン酸エステル(三菱化学フーズ株式会社、リョートーシュガーエステルS-370)0.74g、高分子系分散剤として無水マレイン酸変性エチレン・プロピレン共重合体(三井化学株式会社、ハイワックス1105A)0.74gを添加し、攪拌しつつ80℃まで昇温して界面活性剤を溶解した後、50℃まで冷却した。
還流冷却器、滴下ロート、窒素ガス導入管、並びに、攪拌機として、翼径50mmの4枚傾斜パドル翼を2段で有する攪拌翼を備えた内径110mm、2L容の丸底円筒型セパラブルフラスコを準備した。このフラスコに、炭化水素分散媒としてn-ヘプタン300gをとり、界面活性剤としてHLB3のショ糖ステアリン酸エステル(三菱化学フーズ株式会社、リョートーシュガーエステルS-370)0.74g、高分子系分散剤として無水マレイン酸変性エチレン・プロピレン共重合体(三井化学株式会社、ハイワックス1105A)0.74gを添加し、攪拌しつつ80℃まで昇温して界面活性剤を溶解した後、50℃まで冷却した。
還流冷却器、滴下ロート、窒素ガス導入管、並びに、攪拌機として、翼径50mmの4枚傾斜パドル翼を2段で有する攪拌翼を備えた内径110mm、2L容の丸底円筒型セパラブルフラスコを準備した。このフラスコに、炭化水素分散媒としてn-ヘプタン300gをとり、界面活性剤としてHLB3のショ糖ステアリン酸エステル(三菱化学フーズ株式会社、リョートーシュガーエステルS-370)0.74g、高分子系分散剤として無水マレイン酸変性エチレン・プロピレン共重合体(三井化学株式会社、ハイワックス1105A)0.74gを添加し、攪拌しつつ80℃まで昇温して界面活性剤を溶解した後、50℃まで冷却した。
11 吸水性樹脂
w 粒子長
Claims (4)
- 水溶性エチレン性不飽和単量体の重合体により構成された吸水性樹脂であって、X線コンピューター断層撮影法によって、前記吸水性樹脂の断面画像を観察した場合に、下記式(I)によって算出される、前記断面画像における空洞部分の面積の割合(空洞面積率)が、10%以下である、吸水性樹脂。
空洞面積率[%]=[吸水性樹脂の空洞部分の総断面積(B)/(吸水性樹脂の樹脂部分の総断面積(A)+吸水性樹脂の空洞部分の総断面積(B))]×100・・・(I) - 前記吸水性樹脂の生理食塩水荷重下保持率が、73%以上である、請求項1に記載の吸水性樹脂。
- 前記吸水性樹脂の形状が、略球状、または略球状の粒子が凝集した形状である、請求項1または2に記載の吸水性樹脂。
- 吸収体中の親水性繊維の割合が50質量%以下となるように設計された吸収体に用いられる、請求項1~3のいずれかに記載の吸水性樹脂。
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WO2020218167A1 (ja) * | 2019-04-23 | 2020-10-29 | 住友精化株式会社 | 吸水性樹脂粒子 |
WO2020218160A1 (ja) * | 2019-04-23 | 2020-10-29 | 住友精化株式会社 | 吸水性樹脂粒子、吸収体及び吸収性物品 |
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US11332558B2 (en) | 2017-03-02 | 2022-05-17 | Sumitomo Seika Chemicals Co., Ltd. | Water-absorbent resin, and soil |
EP3590981B1 (en) | 2017-03-02 | 2023-09-13 | Sumitomo Seika Chemicals Co., Ltd. | Water-absorbing resin, and absorbent article |
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