WO2018137801A1 - Versatz zur herstellung eines ungeformten feuerfesten keramischen erzeugnisses, verfahren zur herstellung eines ungeformten feuerfesten keramischen erzeugnisses sowie ein hierdurch hergestelltes ungeformtes feuerfestes keramisches erzeugnis - Google Patents
Versatz zur herstellung eines ungeformten feuerfesten keramischen erzeugnisses, verfahren zur herstellung eines ungeformten feuerfesten keramischen erzeugnisses sowie ein hierdurch hergestelltes ungeformtes feuerfestes keramisches erzeugnis Download PDFInfo
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- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/48—Organic compounds becoming part of a ceramic after heat treatment, e.g. carbonising phenol resins
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/50—Constituents or additives of the starting mixture chosen for their shape or used because of their shape or their physical appearance
- C04B2235/52—Constituents or additives characterised by their shapes
- C04B2235/5208—Fibers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/50—Constituents or additives of the starting mixture chosen for their shape or used because of their shape or their physical appearance
- C04B2235/52—Constituents or additives characterised by their shapes
- C04B2235/5208—Fibers
- C04B2235/5212—Organic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
- C04B2235/72—Products characterised by the absence or the low content of specific components, e.g. alkali metal free alumina ceramics
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
- C04B2235/72—Products characterised by the absence or the low content of specific components, e.g. alkali metal free alumina ceramics
- C04B2235/721—Carbon content
Definitions
- the invention relates to an offset for producing an unshaped refractory ceramic product, a method for producing an unshaped refractory ceramic product and an unshaped refractory ceramic produced by the method
- refractory ceramic product in the context of the invention refers in particular refractory products with a
- an “offset” is a composition of one or more components or raw materials
- a refractory ceramic product can be produced.
- Refractory ceramic products are known in several ways. Thus, refractory ceramic products may be in the form of shaped products, such as stones, or in the form of unshaped refractory products, so-called "masses”.
- Place of use in a subject to temperature aggregate such as an oven, applied. After drying and hardening of the unshaped offset, it is exposed to temperature by heating the unit, forming a refractory ceramic product.
- Unformed refractory ceramic products are also known in the form of so-called shotguns.
- Injection compounds are used for the care and repair of areas of the refractory lining of a furnace, in which the refractory lining is subject to special wear.
- spray compounds are used for the care and repair of the refractory lining of furnace units in the steel mill, for example converters, pans or tundishes.
- Spraying machines are sprayers or
- the dry offset is first transported via a hose by means of compressed air in a spray lance, where the offset is mixed with water.
- the appropriately mixed with water offset is then sprayed on the lance to be repaired or caring areas of the refractory lining of the furnace.
- the dry offset is also first mixed with water and then transported to a horizontal centrifugal wheel that hurls or splashes the mixed with water offset to be repaired or caring areas of the refractory lining of the furnace.
- Spray masses therefore disadvantageous. There has therefore been no lack of attempts to provide technologies by which the rebound of sprayed masses can be reduced. Particular attention is paid in particular to the grain size of the components of the offset of the spray mass, since it has been found that the grain size of the components can have an influence on the rebound behavior of the spray mass. However, the rebound of spray masses alone can not be reduced by a certain grain size in many cases to a desired extent.
- the grain size of the components can not be changed arbitrarily, since the grain size of the components of the spray mass also a
- the invention has for its object to provide an offset for producing an unshaped refractory ceramic product, in particular an unshaped refractory ceramic product in the form of a spray mass, which has a low rebound.
- the rebound behavior of the spray mass should be independent of the grain size of the offset components.
- the offset should have a good initial adhesion, ie a good adhesion to the areas to be repaired.
- the offset should have good sintering properties.
- an offset for producing an unshaped refractory ceramic product having the following features:
- the offset includes the following components: at least 60% by weight of a basic component in the form
- the offset includes the following substances in the following
- the offset according to the invention has only a small rebound when it is used as a spray compound.
- the offset according to the invention has only a small rebound when it is used as a spray compound.
- a sprayable composition can be produced by an offset according to the invention, which is considerably improved compared to prior art shotgun compositions in which the rebound behavior is adjusted by means of the grain size
- the offset according to the invention serves to produce an unshaped refractory ceramic product in the form of a basic one
- the offset according to the invention is used to produce a sintered basic spray mass.
- the inventive offset is based on a refractory base component in the form of at least one raw material based on magnesia (ie magnesium oxide, MgO).
- the least one raw material based on magnesia of the inventive offset is at least one of the following raw materials: sintered magnesia or
- the basic component is particularly preferably in the form of sintered magnesia.
- the basic component is preferably present in a grain size of at most 5 mm. Particularly preferably, the basic component is present at 100% by mass, based on the total mass of the base component, in a particle size of at most 5 mm or at most 3 mm.
- the grain size can be determined in particular according to DIN 661 65 - 1: 201 5 - 10.
- the basic component is present in the offset in a proportion of at least 60 mass%, based on the total mass of the offset, that is, for example, in a proportion of at least 6 1, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 7 1, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 8 1, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91 or 92 mass% , Preferably lies the
- Basic component in a proportion of at least 65% by mass or at least 70% by mass and more preferably in a proportion of at least 75, 80 or 85% by mass in the offset.
- the basic component may for example be present in a proportion of at most 98% in the offset, that is, for example, in a proportion of at most 97, 96, 95, 94 or 93% by mass.
- the base component can be present in an amount of at most 97% by mass in the offset.
- the rebound of a spray mass can be drastically reduced by the fact that the spray mass has a proportion of at least one chemically modified starch ether. It turned out that the
- the modified starch ether already occurs when this is present only in very small proportions in the offset.
- the chemically modified starch ether can already develop a rebound-reducing effect in the spray mass, if this is present in a proportion of only 0.01% by mass.
- the component in the form of the at least one chemically modified starch ether is present in an amount of at least 0.01% by mass in the offset, that is, for example, in a proportion of at least 0.02 or 0.03 or 0 , 04 or 0.05 or 0.06 or 0.07 or 0.08 or 0.09 or 0, 10 or 0, 1 1 or 0, 12 or at least 0, 1 3 mass%>.
- the rebound component of a spray mass produced from the inventive offset can be reduced to less than 15% by mass, in some cases also less than 10% by mass, based on the total injected mass of one
- Starch ether in a proportion above 1, 0 mass% is present in the offset.
- the inventors suggest that the at least one chemically modified starch ether thickens a spray mass too much if it is present in proportions above 1.0 mass% in an offset, so that the spray mass is no longer sufficiently viscous to adhere to the surface.
- the component is in the form of the at least one chemically modified starch ether in a proportion of at most 1, 0% by mass in the offset, ie
- the offset according to the invention can comprise any chemically modified starch ether.
- any starch ether may be present as the base material of the chemically modified starch ether, for example as described in Römpp
- starch ethers Thereafter, as a base material of the chemically modified starch ether, starch derivatives of the general formula
- R H, alkyl or aralkyl.
- the at least one chemically modified starch ether in the form of at least one is particularly preferably chemically active
- modified starch ethers that a starch ether as set forth above has at least one chemical group selected from the following group: hydroxyalkyl, carboxyalkyl,
- the at least one chemically modified starch ether may be at least one of the following chemically modified starch ethers: hydroxyalkyl starch ethers, carboxyalkyl starch ethers, hydroxyalkyl carboxyalkyl starch ethers, carbamoyl starch ethers or cyanoalkyl starch ethers.
- the chain length of the alkyl group may in particular be in the range of 1 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably in the range of 1 to 10 carbon atoms and more preferably in the range of 1 to 5 carbon atoms.
- the component in the form of the at least one water-soluble chemical binder may be at least one such water-soluble chemical binder which may be used as a water-soluble chemical binder for prior art shotgun compositions is known, for example, a sulfatic, phosphatic or silicate binder.
- the at least one water-soluble chemical binder may, for example, be at least one of the following binders: at least one water-soluble sulfate, at least one water-soluble phosphate or at least one water-soluble silicate.
- the water-soluble chemical binders are preferably in the form of inorganic water-soluble chemical binders.
- a water-soluble chemical binder in the form of a silicate can be present in particular in the form of water glass powder.
- a water-soluble chemical binder in the form of a phosphate can be present, for example, in the form of sodium polyphosphate.
- a water-soluble chemical binder in the form of a sulfate may, for example, be in the form of at least one of the following sulfates: aluminum sulfate, sodium bisulfate, epsom salt or kieserite.
- At least one or both of the following water-soluble chemical binders are particularly preferred as the water-soluble chemical binder: water glass powder or aluminum sulfate.
- water-soluble chemical binders in spraying masses is that they chemically set after the addition of water and impart a certain strength to the offset or the injection compound produced from the offset, until it is sintered due to the temperature exposure of the spray mass the refractory base component and thereby to form a ceramic bond.
- the chemical binder may for example be present in a proportion of at least 1% by mass in the offset, that is, for example, in a proportion of at least 2, 3 or 4% by mass. Furthermore, the component in the form of the at least one water-soluble chemical binder may be present in an amount of at most 10% by mass in the offset, that is to say for example in a proportion of at most 9, 8, 7 or 6% by mass.
- Spray mass may increase with an increasing proportion of calcium oxide in the offset.
- the invention provides that the inventive offset calcium oxide in a proportion of less than 1 0% by mass. Since the rebound of a spray mass produced from the offset according to the invention decreases with a decreasing proportion of calcium oxide, it can be provided in particular that the proportion of calcium oxide in the offset is also below 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2 or below 1 Mass% is.
- the proportion of calcium oxide in the offset is preferably below 9% by mass. The proportion is particularly preferred
- Calcium oxide (CaO) can in particular also over natural
- Impurities of the basic component can be entered in the offset.
- the basic component is therefore present in the form of at least one of the raw materials sintered magnesia or enamel magnesia
- the sintered magnesia or enamel magnesia used has maximum proportions of calcium oxide.
- the total mass of calcium oxide of the base component is less than 10 mass%, that is, for example, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2 or 1 mass%, based on the total mass of the base component ,
- Calcium aluminate phases and with proportions of MgO and S1O 2 in offset low-melting calcium magnesium silicate phases can form, the refractory properties of the formed from the offset
- the offset can at least one component for adjusting the basicity, ie the ratio of CaO, MgO and Si0 2 to each other in the offset,
- the offset may comprise at least one of the following raw materials: limestone (CaC0 3 ), dolomite (CaC0 3 .MgC0), doloma (CaO. MgO), magnesite (MgC0 3 ) or olivine ((Mg , Fe) 2 Si0 4 ).
- the offset for adjusting the basicity preferably has at least one of the following raw materials: limestone or dolomite.
- the offset to adjust the basicity has a raw material in the form of limestone.
- These raw materials for adjusting the basicity of the offset can be present, for example, in an amount of less than 40 mass% in the offset, that is, for example, in a proportion of at most 39, 35, 30, 25, 20, 19, 1 8, 17, 16, 15, 14, 13, 12, 11, 10, 9, 8, 7 or 6 mass%. As far as corresponding maximum shares of these raw materials in
- the proportion of CaO can be adjusted in the offset below 12% by mass or below 9% by mass>, so that the rebound properties of the offset are not adversely affected by these other raw materials.
- the raw materials for adjusting the basicity of the offset can be present, for example, in a proportion of at least 1% by mass in the offset, that is to say, for example, in a proportion of at least 2, 3, 4 or 5% by mass.
- Offset can be provided that the raw materials for adjusting the basicity of the offset, for example, in a proportion of more than 1 mass% in the offset are present, so for example, in a proportion of about 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 or more than 30 mass. %.
- the offset may for example also have higher proportions of limestone or dolomite and lower levels of doloma.
- the offset has a proportion of carbon below 10% by mass.
- the offset according to the invention has a proportion of carbon at 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2 or 1 mass%.
- Carbon in this sense is free carbon alone, so
- carbon in the sense of the invention is, for example, at least one of the substances graphite or carbon black.
- Not carbon in this sense is, for example, fractions of carbon which are introduced into the offset via the at least one chemically modified starch ether, or any proportions of carbon present in offset form in carbonate form, for example carbon contents in magnesium or calcium carbonate ,
- the offset can be a Component in the form of at least one clay.
- the offset may for example comprise at least one plastic clay.
- the use of clay in sprayed materials is known to adjust the plastic properties of sprayed materials. In that regard, recourse can be had to the clays known from the prior art.
- a clay in the offset according to the invention, it is particularly preferred for a clay to be based on aluminosilicate, ie based on the oxides Al 2 O 3 and SiO 2 .
- a component in the form of at least one clay may be used in the
- inventive offset for example, in a proportion of
- this component can be present in the offset, for example, in a proportion of at most 5 mass%, that is, for example, in a proportion of at most 4.0 or 3, 0% by mass.
- the offset according to the invention may comprise a component in the form of fibers, in particular, for example, in the form of organic fibers.
- a component in the form of fibers in particular, for example, in the form of organic fibers.
- organic fibers in shotguns is known.
- Organic fibers are used in injection molding in particular to act as a decoating aid during drying and heating.
- fibers in the form of cellulose fibers can be present in the offset according to the invention.
- the component in the form of fibers in a proportion of at least 0.05 mass% in the offset, so for example, in a proportion of at least 0, 1 or 0.2 or 0.3 or 0.4 mass%.
- this component may for example be present in a proportion of at most 1, 0% by mass, that is, for example, in a proportion of at most 0.9 or 0, 8 or 0.7 or 0.6% by mass.
- sprayed composition prepared according to the invention can react sensitively to the presence of other components which are present in the offset in addition to the components previously carried out. Therefore, it may be provided that the offset next to the aforementioned
- Components so the basic component, the component in the form of at least one chemically modified starch ether, the component in the form of at least one water-soluble chemical binder, the raw materials for adjusting the basicity of the offset, clay and fibers further components only in an amount less than 10% by mass , So for example, in a proportion of less than 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2 or 1 mass%.
- the basic component can be present in particular in the form of sintered magnesia or expanded magnesia, in particular in a highly pure form, so that only small proportions of further oxides are added to the offset in addition to magnesia via the magnesia-based raw materials.
- the following oxides are present in proportions below the proportions by mass given below in the offset, wherein the individual oxides may be present individually or in combination in each case below the stated mass fractions in the offset:
- Si0 2 less than 10 mass%>, less than 5 mass%> or less than 3 mass%>; Fe 2 0 3 is below 8% by mass, below 5% by mass or below 3% by mass;
- the invention also provides a process for producing an unshaped refractory ceramic product which comprises the following steps:
- the inventive method corresponds to the known from the prior art method for producing a spray mass and their application to the surface of a furnace area to maintain or repair this.
- the inventive offset is first made available and mixed with water to produce a sprayed mass.
- This spray mass is then applied to a surface, ie in particular, for example, a care or to
- the offset Before processing the offset, the offset can be mixed with water, for example in a mixing nozzle.
- the offset can be with a water content in the range of
- 1 to 15% by mass are mixed, that is, for example, with a proportion of at least 2, 3 or 4% by mass and
- the water-soluble chemical binders in the offset harden after mixing the offset with water, so that the applied to the surface or sprayed, mixed with water offset offset on the surface cures.
- the applied to the surface offset is applied by heating the furnace with temperature and thereby subjected to a ceramic fire.
- the offset is subjected to such a temperature that the raw materials of the base component sinter and the offset due to the ceramic firing therefore sinters to a refractory ceramic body.
- the offset be subjected to a temperature in the range of 1 .250 to 1 .750 ° C.
- Electric arc furnace can be used.
- the invention also relates to an unshaped refractory
- the subject of the exemplary embodiment is an offset for producing an unshaped refractory ceramic product in the form of a sprayed mass.
- the offset had the following components in the following
- a basic component in the form of sintered magnesia 92.65% by mass;
- Aluminum sulphate 1, 0 mass%
- a component in the form of aluminosilicate clay 2.5% by mass
- a component in the form of fibers in the form of cellulose fibers 0, 2 mass%.
- Fe 2 0 3 0.5 mass%; A1 2 0 3 : 0, 8% by mass;
- the offset was first entered in the form of a dry mixture in a spraying machine and via a hose by means of
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201780081919.XA CN110114324A (zh) | 2017-01-27 | 2017-10-19 | 制造不定形耐火陶瓷制品的配合料、制造不定形耐火陶瓷制品的方法以及由此制造的不定形耐火陶瓷制品 |
| BR112019013658-4A BR112019013658B1 (pt) | 2017-01-27 | 2017-10-19 | Composição de mistura para a produção de um produto cerâmico refratário não moldado e processo para a produção deste |
| MX2019007978A MX2019007978A (es) | 2017-01-27 | 2017-10-19 | Mezcla para la fabricacion de un producto ceramico refractario no moldeado, procedimiento para la fabricacion de un producto ceramico refractario no moldeado asi como un producto ceramico refractario no moldeado fabricado por ello. |
| KR1020197019095A KR102486899B1 (ko) | 2017-01-27 | 2017-10-19 | 부정형 내화성 세라믹 제품을 제조하기 위한 배치(batch), 부정형 내화성 세라믹 제품을 제조하기 위한 방법, 및 이에 의하여 제조된 부정형 내화성 세라믹 제품 |
| US16/476,709 US11097982B2 (en) | 2017-01-27 | 2017-10-19 | Batch for producing an unshaped refractory ceramic product, method for producing an unshaped refractory ceramic product, and an unshaped refractory ceramic product produced thereby |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP17153430.8 | 2017-01-27 | ||
| EP17153430.8A EP3354631B1 (de) | 2017-01-27 | 2017-01-27 | Versatz zur herstellung eines ungeformten feuerfesten keramischen erzeugnisses und verfahren zur herstellung eines ungeformten feuerfesten keramischen erzeugnisses |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2018137801A1 true WO2018137801A1 (de) | 2018-08-02 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| PCT/EP2017/076677 Ceased WO2018137801A1 (de) | 2017-01-27 | 2017-10-19 | Versatz zur herstellung eines ungeformten feuerfesten keramischen erzeugnisses, verfahren zur herstellung eines ungeformten feuerfesten keramischen erzeugnisses sowie ein hierdurch hergestelltes ungeformtes feuerfestes keramisches erzeugnis |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US11097982B2 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP3354631B1 (de) |
| KR (1) | KR102486899B1 (de) |
| CN (1) | CN110114324A (de) |
| ES (1) | ES2728561T3 (de) |
| MX (1) | MX2019007978A (de) |
| PL (1) | PL3354631T3 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2018137801A1 (de) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US11097982B2 (en) | 2017-01-27 | 2021-08-24 | Refractory Intellectual Property Gmbh & Co. Kg | Batch for producing an unshaped refractory ceramic product, method for producing an unshaped refractory ceramic product, and an unshaped refractory ceramic product produced thereby |
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| KR102823655B1 (ko) | 2019-09-10 | 2025-06-23 | 주식회사 엘지에너지솔루션 | 전고체전지의 양극합제 제조방법 및 이를 이용하여 제조된 전고체전지의 양극합제 |
| WO2021156351A1 (en) * | 2020-02-07 | 2021-08-12 | Basf Se | Star-shaped ceramic body for use as catalyst |
| CN111377744A (zh) * | 2020-03-24 | 2020-07-07 | 共享智能铸造产业创新中心有限公司 | 3d打印陶瓷材料用硫酸盐基复合粘结剂 |
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| CN103771793A (zh) * | 2013-12-13 | 2014-05-07 | 天津市科垣新型建材有限公司 | 一种压花型质感装饰砂浆及其制备方法和施工方法 |
| CN105565826A (zh) * | 2014-10-08 | 2016-05-11 | 宁夏天纵泓光余热发电技术有限公司 | 钢包用耐火浇注料 |
| ES2728561T3 (es) | 2017-01-27 | 2019-10-25 | Refractory Intellectual Property Gmbh & Co Kg | Mezcla para la fabricación de un producto cerámico refractario no moldeado y procedimiento para la fabricación de un producto cerámico refractario no moldeado |
-
2017
- 2017-01-27 ES ES17153430T patent/ES2728561T3/es active Active
- 2017-01-27 PL PL17153430T patent/PL3354631T3/pl unknown
- 2017-01-27 EP EP17153430.8A patent/EP3354631B1/de active Active
- 2017-10-19 CN CN201780081919.XA patent/CN110114324A/zh active Pending
- 2017-10-19 WO PCT/EP2017/076677 patent/WO2018137801A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2017-10-19 US US16/476,709 patent/US11097982B2/en active Active
- 2017-10-19 MX MX2019007978A patent/MX2019007978A/es unknown
- 2017-10-19 KR KR1020197019095A patent/KR102486899B1/ko active Active
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1486352A (en) * | 1976-07-15 | 1977-09-21 | Steetley Minerals Ltd | Method for making refractory articles |
| CN106270366A (zh) * | 2016-08-26 | 2017-01-04 | 蚌埠市北晨微型机床厂 | 一种耐高温铸造用型砂 |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| "Römpp Chemielexikon", 1992, GEORG THIEME VERLAG, pages: 4272 |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US11097982B2 (en) | 2017-01-27 | 2021-08-24 | Refractory Intellectual Property Gmbh & Co. Kg | Batch for producing an unshaped refractory ceramic product, method for producing an unshaped refractory ceramic product, and an unshaped refractory ceramic product produced thereby |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| BR112019013658A2 (pt) | 2020-01-21 |
| KR20190112262A (ko) | 2019-10-04 |
| US11097982B2 (en) | 2021-08-24 |
| CN110114324A (zh) | 2019-08-09 |
| EP3354631A1 (de) | 2018-08-01 |
| PL3354631T3 (pl) | 2019-08-30 |
| EP3354631B1 (de) | 2019-03-20 |
| ES2728561T3 (es) | 2019-10-25 |
| US20190375686A1 (en) | 2019-12-12 |
| MX2019007978A (es) | 2019-08-16 |
| KR102486899B1 (ko) | 2023-01-09 |
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