WO2018133672A1 - 中空楼板模板、中空楼板结构和中空楼板结构的施工方法 - Google Patents
中空楼板模板、中空楼板结构和中空楼板结构的施工方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2018133672A1 WO2018133672A1 PCT/CN2018/071335 CN2018071335W WO2018133672A1 WO 2018133672 A1 WO2018133672 A1 WO 2018133672A1 CN 2018071335 W CN2018071335 W CN 2018071335W WO 2018133672 A1 WO2018133672 A1 WO 2018133672A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- hollow floor
- floor slab
- flat plate
- plate portion
- hollow
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
- E04B5/16—Load-carrying floor structures wholly or partly cast or similarly formed in situ
- E04B5/32—Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements
- E04B5/36—Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements with form units as part of the floor
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
- E04B5/16—Load-carrying floor structures wholly or partly cast or similarly formed in situ
- E04B5/32—Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements
- E04B5/326—Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements with hollow filling elements
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the field of building construction, and in particular to a construction method of a hollow floor slab formwork, a hollow floor slab structure, and a hollow floor slab structure.
- the present invention is based on a Chinese patent application filed on Jan. 22, 2017, the application number of which is incorporated herein by reference.
- Leak-proof roofing is a common part of a house.
- a Chinese utility model patent with the patent number CN201420796966.6 discloses a leak-proof roofing, which includes a floor layer, a waterproof film layer, and a cement sand layer.
- the leakage prevention roof also includes an air circulation system, the air circulation system
- the utility model comprises a chamber, an intake pipe and an exhaust pipe, wherein the intake pipe communicates with the atmosphere and the chamber, the exhaust pipe connects the atmosphere and the chamber, and the intake pipe and the exhaust pipe are correspondingly arranged on opposite ends of the leakage preventing roof, the intake pipe
- the outer surface is light in color
- the exhaust pipe is made of a thermally conductive material and the outer surface is dark.
- the heat insulation layer is formed by heat-insulating bricks, and the heat-insulating brick comprises a rectangular plate portion, and four corner portions of one plate surface of the rectangular plate portion and a support pillar portion extending from each of the central portions
- the problem with such a leak-proof roof is that the heat-insulating brick greatly increases the weight of the roof.
- the weight of the heat-insulating brick plus the weight of the concrete layer makes the leak-proof roof not suitable for some building design requirements. It brings certain bearing risk to the building;
- the existing soundproof floor slab is a hollow floor slab in which a styroic sphere array is laid in a concrete layer and longitudinal and transverse steel bars are arranged, and the sound insulation effect is achieved by changing the sound transmission area of the concrete in the floor slab and changing the medium.
- the problem with this kind of soundproof floor slab is that in the concrete unit space where the styrofoam sphere is set, the cross-sectional area of the concrete still accounts for between 40% and 50%, so the sound insulation effect is not good.
- a first object of the present invention is to provide a lightweight hollow floor slab having a construction that is easy to construct and has a leakproof soundproofing effect.
- a second object of the present invention is to provide a lightweight hollow floor structure which is easy to construct and has a leakproof soundproofing effect.
- a third object of the present invention is to provide a hollow floor slab construction method that is convenient for construction.
- a hollow floor slab provided by a first object of the present invention includes a flat plate portion; a lower portion of the flat plate portion is provided with a plurality of support legs, and the flat plate portion is provided with a mortise opening directly above the support leg, and the mortise opening extends downward to support the foot a cavity is formed in the middle portion, and a bottom portion of the support leg is sealed; a front edge of the flat plate portion is provided with a frame, the frame includes a plurality of guard plates, and a periphery of each of the flat plate portions is provided with a guard plate; at least one of the guard plates is provided with the cover plate A reverse plate extending outward from the upper end of the fender.
- the flat plate portion is a center-symmetrical quadrilateral or hexagonal shape.
- peripheral portion of the flat portion forms a peripheral group, and the plurality of peripheral portions in the peripheral group are connected end to end; each of the guard plates disposed on the peripheral group is provided with a reverse buckle plate.
- the flat plate portion is a regular polygon, and the plurality of support legs are respectively disposed at a middle portion of the flat plate portion and each near the top corner.
- a reinforcing rib is connected between any two supporting legs, and the reinforcing rib is disposed on the bottom surface of the flat plate portion.
- the shield extends obliquely outward from the periphery of the flat portion, and the support leg is narrowed from the end of the rake toward the bottom end of the support leg to form an inverted table shape.
- a hollow floor structure provided by a second object of the present invention includes a plurality of hollow floor slab templates, wherein a plurality of hollow floor slab templates are spliced to each other; a hollow floor slab form includes a flat plate portion; and a lower portion of the flat plate portion is provided with a plurality of supporting feet
- the flat plate portion is provided with a cornice directly above the support leg, the mouth is extended downward to form a cavity in the middle of the support leg, and the bottom of the support leg is sealed;
- the outer edge of the flat plate portion is provided with a frame, and the frame includes a plurality of guard plates, a flat plate
- Each of the periphery is provided with a guard plate; at least one guard plate is provided with a reverse buckle plate extending obliquely downward from the edge of the shield plate; the adjacent two hollow floor slab templates are passed through the first hollow
- the reverse plate of the floor slab is fastened to the slab of the other hollow floor slab.
- a third aspect of the present invention provides a method for constructing a hollow floor panel, wherein the hollow floor panel includes a flat plate portion; a lower portion of the flat plate portion is provided with a plurality of support legs, and the flat plate portion is provided with a cornice directly above the support legs.
- the mouth extends downward to form a cavity in the middle of the support leg, and the bottom of the support leg is sealed; the outer edge of the flat portion is provided with a frame, the frame includes a plurality of guard plates, and each of the flat portions is provided with a guard plate At least one of the guard plates is provided with a reverse plate extending obliquely downward from the end of the shield.
- the construction method includes laying a hollow floor slab template; splicing a hollow slab formwork on the periphery of the front hollow slab formwork, and the back slab of the rear hollow slab formwork is fastened to the guard plate of the previous hollow floor slab formwork.
- the hollow floor slab template of the present invention is spliced to a hollow slab formwork on the periphery of the former hollow floor slab formwork, and the back slab of the rear hollow slab formwork is fastened to the front piece.
- a plurality of stencils are spliced into a hollow layer of a tightly-knit hollow slab.
- the concrete is then poured into the frame of the hollow floor slab, and the concrete enters the cavity in the middle of the supporting foot with the cornice and the concrete is covered with the slab formwork, and finally the concrete layer is formed, and the adjacent slab templates are connected by the reverse gusset plate.
- the hollow floor slab structure formed by the hollow floor slabs can also be used for sound insulation design between floors, and the sound transmission between the floors is mainly transmitted through the support feet, and the cross-sectional area of the support feet in the space in which they are located is compared. Less, it can achieve better sound insulation.
- the flat plate portion is set to a rectangular shape
- the spliced hollow slab template is arranged in a grid
- the flat plate portion is set to a hexagonal shape
- the spliced and completed hollow slab template is arranged in a honeycomb lattice, and the construction raft is further It is convenient for staff to identify and improve construction efficiency.
- the orderly setting of the reverse gusset plate makes the splicing between the hollow floor slabs simpler and faster, reduces construction difficulty, and improves work efficiency.
- the regular polygon design facilitates the layout of the floor slab and the area calculation, and the arrangement of the support feet enables the hollow floor slab to have better mechanical properties.
- camber design of the guard plate and the narrowing design of the support legs enable the hollow floor slab templates to be stacked on each other , more convenient during the delivery process.
- the arrangement of the reinforcing ribs enables the hollow floor slab to have better bending resistance and mechanical properties.
- FIG. 1 is a structural view of a first embodiment of a hollow floor slab of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a first embodiment of a hollow floor slab of the present invention.
- FIG 3 is a structural view of another perspective of a hollow floor slab template of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a connection diagram of a first embodiment of a hollow floor slab template of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a portion A in FIG. 4.
- FIG. 6 is a structural view of a first embodiment of a hollow floor structure according to the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a first embodiment of a hollow floor slab of the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is a first connection diagram of a first embodiment of a hollow floor slab template of the present invention
- FIG. 9 is a second connection diagram of a first embodiment of a hollow floor slab template of the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is a schematic structural view of a second embodiment of a hollow floor slab of the present invention.
- FIG. 11 is a connection diagram of a second embodiment of a hollow floor slab form according to the present invention.
- the hollow floor structure provided by the present invention is formed by splicing a plurality of hollow floor slabs having the same structure, the hollow floor slab template is described in detail in this embodiment, and the hollow floor slab structure is explained in the same manner.
- the hollow floor slab formwork is produced by injection moulding of engineering plastics or stamping of thin aluminum sheets, so the hollow slab formwork has a lighter weight.
- the hollow floor slab includes a flat plate portion 1, a frame 2, and a support leg 4 disposed under the flat plate portion 1.
- the flat plate portion 1 in this embodiment has a square shape, and the frame 2 is an extended portion surrounding the outer edge of the flat plate portion 1.
- the frame 2 includes The first guard plate 21, the second guard plate 22, the third guard plate 23 and the fourth guard plate 24 respectively disposed on the four circumferences of the flat plate portion 1 are provided, and the four guard plates disposed on the four peripheral structures have the same structure, each block
- the shield extends from the first end of the corresponding periphery to the second end of the periphery, and the adjacent panels are connected to each other such that the four panels form the frame 2.
- Adjacent first shield 21 and second A first reverse plate 31 and a second reverse plate 32 are also disposed on the shield 22, respectively.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a hollow floor slab of the present invention.
- the shield 21 extends obliquely outward from the periphery of the flat plate portion 1.
- a reverse plate 31 extending downwardly and outwardly is provided, and the shield 21 is provided.
- the inclination angle formed with respect to the vertical plane L is equal to the inclination angle formed by the counter-buckling plate 31 with respect to the vertical plane L, and the reverse-locking plate 31 extends from the front end of the longitudinal direction of the shield 21 to the rear end of the longitudinal direction of the shield 21, Moreover, the extension of the counterplate 31 does not exceed the level of the upper surface of the flat portion 1.
- the flat plate portion 1 of the square is provided with a support leg 4 near the four corners, and a support leg 4 is disposed at the center of the flat plate portion 1, at the four corners.
- the four support feet 4 are symmetrically arranged.
- the flat plate portion 1 is provided with a cornice 41 directly above each of the support legs 4, and the cornice 41 extends downward to form a cavity 42, and the bottom portion 43 of the support leg 4 is sealed.
- the support leg 4 is gradually narrowed from one end of the spout 41 toward the bottom end of the support leg 4 to form an inverted table shape, and the support leg 4 has an inverted truncated cone or a prismatic shape, and the cavity 42 is disposed such that the support leg 4 has
- the peripheral wall and the thickness of the peripheral wall are uniformly ensured that the inclination of the inner wall surface of the support leg 4 is equal to the inclination of the outer wall surface.
- the size of the cornice 41 and the inclination of the support foot 4 should ensure that the hollow floor formwork is stacked so that the support feet of the hollow floor form above it can enter the cornice 41.
- the camber design of the panel 21 also facilitates the stacking of the hollow floor panels.
- FIG. 3 is a structural view of another perspective view of a hollow floor slab template of the present invention.
- a straight reinforcing rib 51 is provided for connection reinforcement, and since the hollow floor slab is formed by press forming, the reinforcing rib 51 is formed on the bottom surface of the flat plate portion 1. That is, a groove 52 (shown in FIG. 1) is formed correspondingly on the surface of the flat plate portion 1.
- FIG. 4 is a connection diagram of a hollow floor slab template of the present invention
- FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a portion A of FIG.
- the frame 2 has a box shape, wherein two adjacent guard plates are provided with a reverse buckle plate, and the other two adjacent shield plates are not provided with a reverse buckle plate. If a splicing raft is required between the hollow floor slabs, the cooperation between the shackle and the slab can be achieved.
- the hollow slab formwork 100 is first placed on the ground of the place to be laid, and the first floor of the hollow floor slab form 101 is provided with the reverse gusset plate 31.
- the guard plate 21 is laterally fastened to the first guard plate 121 on which the reverse gusset plate is not disposed on the hollow floor slab template 100. Since the reverse gusset plate 31 is outwardly inclined with respect to the hollow floor slab template 101 where it is located, relative to the adjacent hollow floor slab Template 100, the tilt direction of the reverse plate 31 The first guard plate 121 is aligned with the first guard plate 121. Therefore, under the guiding fit, the reverse snap plate 31 is hooked on the first guard plate 121, and the gap between the hollow floor slab formwork 100 and the hollow floor slab formwork 101 is defined by the first guard plate 21 The cover plate 31 is shielded.
- FIG. 6 is a structural diagram of an embodiment of a hollow floor structure according to the present invention.
- Multiple hollow floor slabs 101 are assembled in a two-dimensional direction to form a hollow floor structure.
- half of the peripherally disposed guard plates are formed to form a guard plate group, and the two guard plates in the guard plate group are adjacent guard plates, thereby ensuring the same structure in multiple blocks.
- the hollow floor slabs are combined and spliced, and there is a snap-fit relationship between the two slabs and the slabs between the two slabs, that is, there is no gap between any two hollow slab templates.
- a pipe connecting the upper and lower sides of the flat plate portion is provided on the flat plate portion, so that a slab formwork having different functions can be formed.
- a hollow floor slab detecting port template 105 is formed in the middle of the flat plate portion.
- a light-colored elbow pipe connected to the upper and lower sides of the flat plate portion is provided, a hollow floor convection air inlet 103 is formed, and a dark elbow pipe connected to the upper and lower sides of the flat plate portion is arranged in the middle of the flat plate portion, thereby forming
- a hollow floor convection vent 104 is provided.
- the hollow floor slab form 101 is combined with the hollow floor slab structure to join the hollow floor convection air inlet 103, the hollow floor convection exhaust port 104 and the hollow floor slab detection port template 105, and then concrete is poured over the templates to form a concrete layer, then It can form a roof leakage prevention structure.
- the specific working principle of the roof leakage prevention structure can be found in the Chinese utility model patent with the patent number CN201420796966.6.
- each of the hollow floor slab form 101, the hollow floor convection air inlet 103, the hollow floor convection exhaust port 104, and the frame 2 of the hollow floor slab detecting port template 105 are provided with a frame 2
- the accommodating space is formed on the flat plate portion 1, and the accommodating space further includes a plurality of cavities 42 communicated through the cymbal 41.
- the hollow floor slab Since the hollow floor slab is connected only to the floor of the structural floor below it by the supporting foot 4, the sound transmission area is greatly reduced. If the hollow floor slab constructed by using the hollow floor slab form is used as an additional floor slab between the floors, a certain soundproof effect can be achieved.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a first embodiment of a hollow floor slab of the present invention.
- two adjacent perimeters form a perimeter group
- the guard plates on the two perimeters of the perimeter group are respectively provided with a first reverse buckle plate 31 and a second reverse buckle plate 32
- two of the peripheral groups are Neither the third guard 23 and the fourth guard 24 on the periphery are provided with a reverse plate.
- FIG. 8 is a first connection diagram of a hollow floor slab template of the present invention.
- all the surrounding groups of the hollow floor slabs 101 to be spliced are arranged to the lower right corner, and the first slabs 101 in the lower right corner are laid first, and then the splicing is performed on the left and upper sides thereof. This cycle, finally complete the splicing of the floor structure.
- All the peripheral groups of the hollow floor slabs 101 to be spliced are arranged in the same direction to simplify the steps, and the probability of error is greatly reduced.
- FIG. 9 is a second connection diagram of a hollow floor slab template of the present invention.
- the peripheral groups of all the hollow floor slabs 101 to be spliced in the first row are arranged toward the lower right corner, and the peripheral groups of all the hollow slab templates 101 to be spliced in the second row are arranged toward the lower left corner, and the hollow slab can also be completed. Splicing of the template structure.
- FIG. 10 is a schematic structural view of a second embodiment of a hollow floor slab form according to the present invention
- FIG. 11 is a connection diagram of a second embodiment of the hollow floor slab form of the present invention.
- the hollow floor slab template of the present invention may be any one of a centrally symmetrical quadrilateral or a centrally symmetrical hexagon in addition to a square.
- the flat portion of the hollow floor slab template 201 has a regular hexagon shape
- the peripheral group of the hollow floor slab template 201 is the adjacent three adjacent sides on the right side
- the first side of the peripheral group has the first reverse gusset plate 231
- the second reverse plate 232 and the third reverse plate 233 are respectively disposed on the three periphery except the upper group of the hollow floor form 201, and the fourth guard 224, the fifth guard 225 and the sixth guard 226 are respectively disposed.
- the specific structure of the frame and the supporting leg of the hollow floor slab 201 is completely the same as that of the first embodiment, and therefore will not be described again.
- the shape of the hollow floor slab template is not limited to a square and a regular hexagon, and the shape of the hollow floor slab template may be a center symmetrical quadrilateral or hexagonal shape; and then half of the circumferences are formed to form a peripheral group, the peripheral group The perimeters of the inner strips are connected end to end, and a reverse snap plate can be arranged on the peripheral guard plates in the surrounding group.
- hollow floor slab template After laying a hollow floor slab formwork to form a heat insulation layer or a sound insulation layer, firstly, a first hollow floor slab formwork is laid at a reference position of the work site, and the peripheral group of the hollow floor slab formwork, ie The side of the reverse gusset plate is arranged outwardly; then two new hollow slab templates are fastened on the first hollow slab formwork, and two new hollow slab formwork are respectively fastened on the periphery of the first hollow slab formwork The perimeter panels on the two perimeters outside the group, and the perimeter groups of the two new hollow floor slabs are oriented the same as the orientation of the first hollow slab formwork, as shown in FIG. Subsequently, a previously laid hollow slab formwork was used as a reference, and two new hollow formwork slabs were laid after the slab, and the hollow slab formwork structure
- the space of the support foot of the hollow floor structure composed of the hollow floor slab form also forms an overhead structure.
- the hollow floor structure of the overhead structure has air circulation function and sound insulation function; and the weight of the hollow floor slab template is greatly reduced relative to the five-legged heat insulation brick, and the hollow slab formwork forms a gap leakage prevention at the same time. If the five-legged insulation brick is laid, the cement is filled between the brick joints to prevent leakage; the hollow floor structure has wider applicability because there is no overweight problem.
- the camber design of the hollow floor frame and the narrowing of the support feet enable the overlapping of the hollow floor slabs, making the transportation process more convenient.
- the hollow floor slab form of the present invention can be used to make a slab structure, such as a leakproof roof. Due to the slab structure using the structure, the adjacent slab formwork can be seamlessly matched by the reverse gusset plate without filling the cement, and the heat insulation The construction of the layer and the concrete layer is simple and quick, and the resulting leak-proof roof is lighter in weight and has soundproof ventilation. Features, do not create bearing problems, so the applicability is wider.
- the hollow floor structure of the present invention it is not necessary to use cement for the construction, and the construction process is simple, and the construction efficiency can be improved.
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Abstract
一种中空楼板模板、中空楼板结构和一种中空楼板的施工方法,中空楼板结构由多块中空楼板模板拼接而成,中空楼板模板包括平板部(1),平板部的下部设置有多个支撑脚(4),平板部的外沿设置有边框(2),所述边框包括多块护板(21,22,23,24),护板设有反扣板(31,32),相邻的中空楼板模板之间通过反扣板与护板的扣合实现拼接。该施工方法包括先铺设第一块中空楼板模板,在前一块中空楼板模板上设有反扣板的周边以外的其余周边拼接后一块中空楼板模板,后一块中空楼板模板的反扣板扣合在前一块中空楼板模板的护板上。
Description
中空楼板模板、 中空楼板结构和中空楼板结构的施工方 法 技术领域
[0001] 本发明涉及建筑施工领域, 具体地, 涉及一种中空楼板模板、 中空楼板结构和 中空楼板结构的施工方法。 本发明是基于申请日为 2017年 1月 22日, 申请号为 CN 201710053751.3的中国发明专利申请, 该申请的内容引入本文作为参考。
背景技术
[0002] 防漏屋面是房屋的常见部分, 例如, 专利号为 CN201420796966.6的中国实用新 型专利中公幵了一种防漏屋面, 该防漏屋面包括楼板层、 防水膜层、 水泥沙层 、 隔热层及混凝土层, 且隔热层为一架空层结构, 架空层结构与周围的墙体及 层面围成一封闭的腔室, 该防漏屋面还包括气流循环系统, 该气流循环系统包 括腔室、 进气管及排气管, 进气管连通大气与腔室, 排气管连通大气与腔室, 进气管与排气管对应地设于防漏屋面的相对两端上, 进气管的外表面为浅色, 排气管由导热材料制成且外表面为深色。 该隔热层由隔热砖拼成, 隔热砖包括 一个矩形板部, 矩形板部的一个板面的四个顶角部及中部各延伸有一支撑柱部
[0003] 然而, 这种防漏屋面存在的问题是, 隔热砖使屋面的重量大大上升, 隔热砖的 重量加上混凝土层的重量使防漏屋面不适应于一些楼房设计要求, 同吋给楼房 带来一定的承重风险; 另外, 在铺设好隔热砖后, 需要在隔热砖之间填充水泥 以达到防漏要求, 防漏屋面的施工工序增加, 施工难度增加且耗费吋间。
[0004] 另外, 现有的隔音楼板为一种混凝土层中铺设保丽龙球体阵列并加以设置纵横 钢筋的中空楼板, 通过改变楼板中混凝土的声音传递面积以及改变介质以达到 隔音效果。 而这种隔音楼板存在的问题是, 在设置了保丽龙球体的混凝土单位 空间内, 混凝土的横截面积占比依然达百分之四十至百分之五十之间, 故隔音 效果不佳。
技术问题
[0005] 本发明的第一发明目的在于提供一种具有便于施工且具有防漏隔音效果的轻质 中空楼板模板。
[0006] 本发明的第二发明目的在于提供一种具有便于施工且具有防漏隔音效果的轻质 中空楼板结构。
[0007] 本发明的第三发明目的在于提供一种施工方便的中空楼板施工方法。
[0008] 技术解决手段
[0009] 本发明第一发明目的提供的中空楼板模板包括平板部; 平板部的下部设置有多 个支撑脚, 平板部在支撑脚的正上方设置幵口, 幵口向下延伸以在支撑脚中部 形成空腔, 支撑脚的底部密封; 平板部的外沿设置有边框, 边框包括多块护板 , 平板部的每条周边上均设置有一块护板; 至少一块护板上设置有从该护板上 端向斜下方外伸的反扣板。
[0010] 进一步的方案是, 平板部为中心对称的四边形或六边形。
[0011] 进一步的方案是, 平板部的一半周边组成周边组, 且周边组内的多条周边之间 首尾相连; 周边组上设置的每块护板上设置有反扣板。
[0012] 进一步的方案是, 平板部为正多边形, 多个支撑脚分别设置在平板部的中部以 及每个靠近顶角处。
[0013] 进一步的方案是, 任意两个支撑脚之间均连接有加强肋, 加强肋设置在平板部 的底面上。
[0014] 进一步的方案是, 护板从平板部的周边处向外倾斜延伸, 且支撑脚从幵口一端 向支撑脚的底部一端变窄形成倒置的台状。
[0015] 本发明第二发明目的提供的一种中空楼板结构包括多块中空楼板模板, 多块中 空楼板模板之间相互拼接; 中空楼板模板包括平板部; 平板部的下部设置有多 个支撑脚, 平板部在支撑脚的正上方设置幵口, 幵口向下延伸以在支撑脚中部 形成空腔, 支撑脚的底部密封; 平板部的外沿设置有边框, 边框包括多块护板 , 平板部的每条周边上均设置有一块护板; 至少一块护板上设置有从该护板上 端向斜下方外伸的反扣板; 相邻的两块中空楼板模板之间通过第一块中空楼板 模板的反扣板扣合在另一块中空楼板模板的护板而拼接。
[0016] 本发明第三发明目的提供的一种中空楼板的施工方法, 其中涉及的中空楼板包 括平板部; 平板部的下部设置有多个支撑脚, 平板部在支撑脚的正上方设置幵 口, 幵口向下延伸以在支撑脚中部形成空腔, 支撑脚的底部密封; 平板部的外 沿设置有边框, 边框包括多块护板, 平板部的每条周边上均设置有一块护板; 至少一块护板上设置有从该护板上端向斜下方外伸的反扣板。 施工方法包括铺 设一块中空楼板模板; 在前一块中空楼板模板的周边上拼接后一块中空楼板模 板, 后一块中空楼板模板的反扣板扣合在前一块中空楼板模板的护板上。
问题的解决方案
发明的有益效果
有益效果
[0017] 本发明的中空楼板模板在铺设第一块中空楼板模板后, 在前一块中空楼板模板 上的周边上拼接后一块中空楼板模板, 后一块中空楼板模板的反扣板扣合在前 一块中空楼板模板的护板上, 多块模板拼接成紧密扣合的中空楼板中空层。 随 后在中空楼板模板的边框以内灌浇混凝土, 混凝土随幵口进入到支撑脚中部的 空腔中且混凝土铺满楼板模板上方, 最后形成混凝土层, 相邻的楼板模板之间 由反扣板连接而无缝配合, 所以中空层和混凝土层的施工都简单快捷, 且最后 形成的防漏屋面具有较轻质量, 不产生承重问题, 故适用性更广。
[0018] 并且, 中空楼板模板拼接成的中空楼板结构还可用在楼层之间的隔音设计, 楼 层之间的声音传递主要通过支撑脚传递, 支撑脚在其所在的空间所占的横截面 积比较少, 故可实现更好的隔音效果。
[0019] 此外, 将平板部设置为矩形, 拼接完整后的中空楼板模板呈网格布置, 或者将 平板部设置为六边形, 拼接完整后的中空楼板模板呈蜂巢格分布, 施工吋则更 便于工作人员识别, 施工效率提高。
[0020] 另外, 反扣板的有序设置使中空楼板模板之间的拼接更为简单快捷, 降低施工 难度, 提高工作效率。
[0021] 而且, 正多边形设计便于楼板模板排布以及面积计算, 而支撑脚的布置使中空 楼板模板具有更好的力学性能。
[0022] 此外, 护板的外倾设计以及支撑脚的收窄设计可使中空楼板模板之间相互堆叠
, 在运送过程中更为便捷。
[0023] 另外, 加强肋的设置, 使中空楼板模板具有更好的抗弯能力, 力学性能提升。
对附图的简要说明
附图说明
[0024] 图 1为本发明中空楼板模板第- -实施例的结构图。
[0025] 图 2为本发明中空楼板模板第- -实施例的剖视图。
[0026] 图 3为本发明中空楼板模板第- -实施例另一视角的结构图
[0027] 图 4为本发明中空楼板模板第- -实施例的连接关系图。
[0028] 图 5为图 4中 A处的放大图。
[0029] 图 6为本发明中空楼板结构第- -实施例的结构图。
[0030] 图 7为本发明中空楼板模板第- -实施例的结构示意图。
[0031] 图 8为本发明中空楼板模板第- -实施例的第一连接关系图
[0032] 图 9为本发明中空楼板模板第- -实施例的第二连接关系图
[0033] 图 10为本发明中空楼板模板第二实施例的结构示意图。
[0034] 图 11为本发明中空楼板模板第二实施例的连接关系图。
[0035] 以下结合附图及实施例对本发明作进一步说明。
本发明的实施方式
[0036] 中空楼板模板第一实施例:
[0037] 由于本发明提供的中空楼板结构由多个结构相同的中空楼板模板拼接而成, 故 在本实施例对中空楼板模板进行详细说明, 同吋对中空楼板结构进行说明。
[0038] 图 1为本发明中空楼板模板的结构图。 中空楼板模板为工程塑料用注塑模具生 产或薄铝片冲压而成, 故中空楼板模板具有较轻的重量。 中空楼板模板包括平 板部 1、 边框 2以及设置在平板部 1下方的支撑脚 4, 本实施例中的平板部 1呈正方 形, 边框 2为围绕平板部 1外沿的伸起部, 边框 2包括分别设置在平板部 1上四条 周边上的第一护板 21、 第二护板 22、 第三护板 23与第四护板 24, 设置在四条周 边上的四块护板结构相同, 每块护板从对应周边的第一端延伸至周边的第二端 , 相邻的护板之间相连, 以使四个护板组成边框 2。 在相邻的第一护板 21和第二
护板 22上还分别设置有第一反扣板 31和第二反扣板 32。
[0039] 参见图 2, 图 2为本发明中空楼板模板的剖视图。 结合图 1, 以护板 21为例, 护 板 21从平板部 1周边处向外倾斜延伸, 在护板 21的上端设置有向下并朝外倾斜延 伸的反扣板 31, 且护板 21相对于竖直平面 L形成的倾斜角与反扣板 31相对于竖直 平面 L形成的倾斜角相等, 反扣板 31从护板 21的长度方向前端延伸至护板 21的长 度方向后端, 且反扣板 31的延伸不超过平板部 1上表面所在的水平高度以下。
[0040] 在平板部 1下部连接有五个支撑脚 4, 正方形的平板部 1靠近四个顶角处均设置 有一个支撑脚 4, 平板部 1的中心处设置一个支撑脚 4, 位于四角的四个支撑脚 4 对称设置。 平板部 1在每个支撑脚 4的正上方上均设置有幵口 41, 且幵口 41向下 延伸形成空腔 42, 支撑脚 4的底部 43密封。
[0041] 支撑脚 4从幵口 41一端向支撑脚 4的底部一端逐渐变窄形成倒置的台状, 支撑脚 4呈倒置的圆台或棱台状, 且空腔 42的设置使支撑脚 4具有周壁, 周壁的厚度均 匀保证支撑脚 4内壁面的倾斜度与外壁面的倾斜度相等。 其中, 幵口 41的大小以 及支撑脚 4的倾斜度应该能保证中空楼板模板堆叠, 使其上方的中空楼板模板的 支撑脚能进入幵口 41内。 同样地, 护板 21的外倾设计也便于中空楼板模板的叠 合。
[0042] 参见图 3, 图 3为本发明中空楼板模板另一视角的结构图。 在平板部 1的底面上 , 任意两个支撑脚 4之间均设置有呈直线的加强肋 51进行连接加强, 而由于中空 楼板模板为冲压成型, 故在平板部 1底面形成加强肋 51的同吋, 对应地在平板部 1的表面上形成凹槽 52 (图 1示) 。
[0043] 参见图 4和图 5, 图 4为本发明中空楼板模板的连接关系图, 图 5为图 4中 A处的放 大图。 结合图 1, 边框 2呈方框型, 其中相邻的两个护板上均设置有反扣板, 另 外两个相邻的护板上则没有设置反扣板。 在中空楼板模板之间需要进行拼接吋 , 则可通过反扣板与护板之间的配合。 当需要进行中空楼板模板 100与中空楼板 模板 101之间的拼接吋, 先将中空楼板模板 100放置在需要铺设的场所地面上, 此吋将中空楼板模板 101上设置有反扣板 31的第一护板 21—侧扣合到中空楼板模 板 100上没有设置反扣板的第一护板 121上, 由于反扣板 31相对于自身所在的中 空楼板模板 101为外倾, 相对于邻接的中空楼板模板 100, 反扣板 31的倾斜方向
与第一护板 121—致, 因此在导向配合下, 反扣板 31挂扣在第一护板 121上, 同 吋中空楼板模板 100与中空楼板模板 101之间的空隙由第一护板 21和反扣板 31进 行遮挡。
[0044] 参见图 6, 图 6为本发明中空楼板结构实施例的结构图。 多块中空楼板模板 101 在二维方向上拼合组成中空楼板结构。 相对于一块中空楼板模板 101而言, 抽取 半数的周边上设置的护板组成护板组, 且护板组内的两块护板为相邻的护板, 则可保证在多块结构相同的中空楼板模板拼合吋, 任意两块中空楼板模板之间 均存在反扣板与护板之间的扣合关系, 也就是保证了任意两块中空楼板模板之 间不存在缝隙。
[0045] 在中空楼板模板的基础上, 在其平板部上设置连通平板部上下的管道, 则可形 成功能不同的楼板模板, 如在平板部中部设置井口, 则形成了中空楼板检测口 模板 105; 又如在平板部中部设置连通于平板部上下的浅色弯头管道, 则形成了 中空楼板对流进气口 103, 在平板部中部设置连通于平板部上下的深色弯头管道 , 则形成了中空楼板对流排气口 104。 若在中空楼板模板 101拼合组成中空楼板 结构的同吋加入中空楼板对流进气口 103、 中空楼板对流排气口 104和中空楼板 检测口模板 105, 再在各模板上方灌注混凝土形成混凝土层, 则可组成一个楼顶 防漏结构, 该楼顶防漏结构的具体工作原理见专利号为 CN201420796966.6的中 国实用新型专利。
[0046] 结合图 2, 其中, 由于每块中空楼板模板 101、 中空楼板对流进气口 103、 中空 楼板对流排气口 104和中空楼板检测口模板 105的平板部 1上设置的边框 2使每个 平板部 1上形成容纳空间, 同吋容纳空间还包括通过幵口 41连通的多个空腔 42, 当在中空楼板模板 101上方灌注混凝土吋, 混凝土将从幵口 41进入到支撑脚 4中 部的空腔 42中。 因此, 凝固后的混凝土层具有支撑脚部, 混凝土层起主要的支 撑作用, 因此中空楼板模板 101可设计尽量轻薄, 进一步便于运送与施工安装。 而由于中空楼板与其下方的结构楼板地面之间仅通过支撑脚 4连接, 声音传递面 积大大减少, 若使用中空楼板模板建造的中空楼板作为楼层之间的附加楼板, 还可达到一定的隔音效果。
[0047] 参见图 7, 图 7为本发明中空楼板模板第一实施例的结构示意图。 在正方形的中
空楼板模板 101中, 相邻的两条周边组成周边组, 周边组上两条周边上的护板分 别设置有第一反扣板 31和第二反扣板 32, 而周边组以外的两条周边上的第三护 板 23和第四护板 24均没有设置反扣板。
[0048] 参见图 8, 图 8为本发明中空楼板模板第一连接关系图。 结合图 7, 所有需要拼 接的中空楼板模板 101的周边组均朝右下角布置, 而施工吋则先铺设右下角的第 一块中空楼板模板 101, 随后在其左侧和上侧进行拼接, 依此循环, 最后完成楼 板结构的拼接。 所有需要拼接的中空楼板模板 101的周边组均朝同一方向布置使 步骤简单化, 出错几率将大大是降低。
[0049] 参见图 9, 图 9为本发明中空楼板模板的第二连接关系图。 结合图 7, 在第一排 所有需要拼接的中空楼板模板 101的周边组均朝右下角布置, 第二排所有需要拼 接的中空楼板模板 101的周边组均朝左下角布置, 同样可以完成中空楼板模板结 构的拼接。
[0050] 中空楼板模板第二实施例
[0051] 参见图 10和图 11, 图 10为本发明中空楼板模板第二实施例的结构示意图, 图 11 为本发明中空楼板模板第二实施例的连接关系图。
[0052] 本发明中空楼板模板除了可以是正方形以外, 还可以是任意一种中心对称的四 边形或中心对称的六边形中。 以正六边形为例, 中空楼板模板 201的平板部呈正 六边形, 中空楼板模板 201的周边组为右侧的相邻的三条周边, 周边组的三条周 边上分别有第一反扣板 231、 第二反扣板 232和第三反扣板 233; 而中空楼板模板 201上周边组除外的三条周边上分别设置有第四护板 224、 第五护板 225和第六护 板 226。 中空楼板模板 201的边框与支撑脚的具体结构与第一实施例中的结构完 全相同, 故不赘述。
[0053] 在进行六角形的中空楼板模板 201的拼合工作吋, 所有需要拼合的中空楼板模 板 201周边组均朝向右侧, 而中空楼板模板 201上周边组以外的第四护板 224、 第 五护板 225和第六护板 226均可扣合上一块新的中空楼板模板 201, 依此循环即可 完成六角形的中空楼板模板 201的拼合工作。
[0054] 当然, 中空楼板模板的形状不仅限于正方形和正六边形, 中空楼板模板的形状 呈中心对称的四边形或六边形即可; 再取其中半数的周边组成周边组, 周边组
内各条周边之间首尾相连, 并在周边组内各周边的护板上设置反扣板即可。
[0055] 中空楼板结构施工方法实施例
[0056] 中空楼板模板的具体结构在中空楼板模板第一实施例中已作详细说明, 故不赘 述。 以正方形的中空楼板模板为例, 在铺设中空楼板模板结构以形成隔热层或 隔音层吋, 首先在工作场地一个基准位置铺设第一块中空楼板模板, 且该中空 楼板模板的周边组, 即设置有反扣板一侧朝外设置; 随后在第一块中空楼板模 板上扣合上两块新的中空楼板模板, 两块新的中空楼板模板分别扣合在第一块 中空楼板模板上周边组以外的两条周边上的护板上, 且两块新的中空楼板模板 的周边组朝向与第一块中空楼板模板的朝向相同, 即如图 8所示。 随后以前一块 铺设好的中空楼板模板作为基准, 在其后铺设后两块新的中空模板楼板, 依此 循环, 最后形成具有一定面积的中空楼板模板结构。
[0057] 相对于专利号为 CN201420796966.6的中国实用新型中采用的由五脚隔热砖组成 的隔热层而言, 中空楼板模板组成的中空楼板结构的支撑脚所在空间同样形成 架空结构, 架空结构的中空楼板结构具有空气流通功能以及隔音功能; 且中空 楼板模板的重量相对于五脚隔热砖大幅下降, 同吋中空楼板模板在相互扣合的 同吋就形成了缝隙防漏, 无需如五脚隔热砖般铺设后再在砖缝之间填充水泥以 实现防漏; 中空楼板结构因不存在过重问题, 故具有更广的适用性。 而中空楼 板边框的外倾设计以及支撑脚的收窄设计则实现了中空楼板模板间的相互叠合 , 使其运送过程更为便捷。
[0058] 最后需要强调的是, 以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例, 并不用于限制本发明 , 对于本领域的技术人员来说, 本发明可以有各种变化和更改, 如中空楼板结 构可以由多块不同轮廓的中空楼板模板无缝拼接而成, 凡在本发明的精神和原 则之内, 所做的任何修改、 等同替换、 改进等, 均应包含在本发明的保护范围 之内。
[0059] 工业应用性
[0060] 本发明的中空楼板模板可用于制作楼板结构, 例如防漏屋顶, 由于使用这种结 构的楼板结构, 相邻的楼板模板之间因反扣板无缝配合而无需填充水泥, 隔热 层和混凝土层的施工简单快捷, 最后形成的防漏屋面较轻质量并具有隔音通风
特点, 不产生承重问题, 故适用性更广。
另外, 使用本发明的中空楼板结构, 施工的吋候不需要使用水泥, 施工工序简 单, 能够提高施工的效率。
Claims
权利要求书
中空楼板模板, 其特征在于, 包括: 平板部; 所述平板部的下部设置 有多个支撑脚, 所述平板部在所述支撑脚的正上方设置幵口, 所述幵 口向下延伸以在所述支撑脚中部形成空腔, 所述支撑脚的底部密封; 所述平板部的外沿设置有边框, 所述边框包括多块护板, 所述平板部 的每条周边上均设置有一块所述护板; 至少一块所述护板上设置有从 该护板上端向斜下方外伸的反扣板。
根据权利要求 1所述的中空楼板模板, 其特征在于: 所述平板部为中 心对称的四边形或六边形。
根据权利要求 2所述的中空楼板模板, 其特征在于: 所述平板部的一 半所述周边组成周边组, 且所述周边组内的多条所述周边之间首尾相 连; 所述周边组上设置的每块所述护板上设置有所述反扣板。
根据权利要求 2所述的中空楼板模板, 其特征在于: 所述平板部为正 多边形, 多个所述支撑脚分别设置在所述平板部的中部以及每个靠近 顶角处。
根据权利要求 1所述的中空楼板模板, 其特征在于: 所述护板从所述 平板部的周边处向外倾斜延伸, 且所述支撑脚从所述幵口一端向所述 支撑脚的底部一端逐渐变窄形成倒置的台状。
根据权利要求 1至 5任一项所述的中空楼板模板, 其特征在于: 至少两 个所述支撑脚之间均连接有加强肋, 所述加强肋设置在所述平板部的 底面上。
中空楼板结构, 其特征在于, 包括: 多块中空楼板模板, 多块中空楼 板模板之间相互拼接; 所述中空楼板模板包括: 平板部; 所述平板部 的下部设置有多个支撑脚, 所述平板部在所述支撑脚的正上方设置幵 口, 所述幵口向下延伸以在所述支撑脚中部形成空腔, 所述支撑脚的 底部密封; 所述平板部的外沿设置有边框, 所述边框包括多块护板, 所述平板部的每条周边上均设置有一块所述护板; 至少一块所述护板 上设置有从该护板上端向斜下方外伸的反扣板, 相邻的两块中空楼板
模板之间通过第一块所述中空楼板模板的反扣板扣合在另一块所述中 空楼板模板的护板而拼接。
[权利要求 8] 根据权利要求 7所述的中空楼板结构, 其特征在于: 所述平板部为中 心对称的四边形或六边形。
[权利要求 9] 根据权利要求 7或 8所述的中空楼板结构, 其特征在于: 所述平板部的 一半所述周边组成周边组, 且所述周边组内的多条所述周边之间首尾 相连; 所述周边组上设置的每块所述护板上设置有所述反扣板。
[权利要求 10] 根据权利要求 9所述的中空楼板结构, 其特征在于: 所述平板部为正 多边形, 多个所述支撑脚分别设置在所述平板部的中部以及每个靠近 顶角处。
[权利要求 11] 根据权利要求 7所述的中空楼板结构, 其特征在于: 所述护板从所述 平板部的周边处向外倾斜延伸, 且所述支撑脚从所述幵口一端向所述 支撑脚的底部一端逐渐变窄形成倒置的台状。
[权利要求 12] 根据权利要求 7至 11任一项所述的中空楼板结构, 其特征在于: 至少 两个所述支撑脚之间均连接有加强肋, 所述加强肋设置在所述平板部 的底面上。
[权利要求 13] 中空楼板的施工方法, 该中空楼板包括多块中空楼板模板, 所述中空 楼板模板包括平板部, 所述平板部的下部设置有多个支撑脚, 所述平 板部在所述支撑脚的正上方设置幵口, 所述幵口向下延伸以在所述支 撑脚中部形成空腔, 所述支撑脚的底部密封; 所述平板部的外沿设置 有边框, 所述边框包括多块护板, 所述平板部的每条周边上均设置有 一块所述护板; 至少一块所述护板上设置有从该护板上端向斜下方外 伸的反扣板; 所述施工方法包括: 铺设一块所述中空楼板模板; 在前 一块所述中空楼板模板的周边上拼接后一块所述中空楼板模板, 后一 块所述中空楼板模板的反扣板扣合在前一块所述中空楼板模板的护板 上。
[权利要求 14] 根据权利要求 13所述的中空楼板的施工方法, 其特征在于: 所述平板 部为中心对称的四边形或六边形。
[权利要求 15] 根据权利要求 13或 14所述的中空楼板的施工方法, 其特征在于: 所述 平板部的一半所述周边组成周边组, 且所述周边组内的多条所述周边 之间首尾相连; 所述周边组上设置的每块所述护板上设置有所述反扣 板。
[权利要求 16] 根据权利要求 15所述的中空楼板的施工方法, 其特征在于: 所述平板 部为正多边形, 多个所述支撑脚分别设置在所述平板部的中部以及每 个靠近顶角处。
[权利要求 17] 根据权利要求 13所述的中空楼板的施工方法, 其特征在于: 所述护板 从所述平板部的周边处向外倾斜延伸, 且所述支撑脚从所述幵口一端 向所述支撑脚的底部一端逐渐变窄形成倒置的台状。
[权利要求 18] 根据权利要求 13至 17任一项所述的中空楼板的施工方法, 其特征在于 : 至少两个所述支撑脚之间均连接有加强肋, 所述加强肋设置在所述 平板部的底面上。
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