WO2018120339A1 - 一种用于实际宽带大规模mimo系统的混合预编码设计方法 - Google Patents
一种用于实际宽带大规模mimo系统的混合预编码设计方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2018120339A1 WO2018120339A1 PCT/CN2017/071526 CN2017071526W WO2018120339A1 WO 2018120339 A1 WO2018120339 A1 WO 2018120339A1 CN 2017071526 W CN2017071526 W CN 2017071526W WO 2018120339 A1 WO2018120339 A1 WO 2018120339A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/0413—MIMO systems
- H04B7/0456—Selection of precoding matrices or codebooks, e.g. using matrices antenna weighting
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/0413—MIMO systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
- H04L27/0014—Carrier regulation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
- H04L27/18—Phase-modulated carrier systems, i.e. using phase-shift keying
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
- H04L27/0014—Carrier regulation
- H04L2027/0024—Carrier regulation at the receiver end
- H04L2027/0026—Correction of carrier offset
Definitions
- the present invention belongs to the field of wireless communication technologies, and in particular, to a hybrid precoding design method for an actual wideband MIMO system.
- Hybrid precoding is a research hotspot of large-scale MIMO. When the number of antennas is very large (hundreds of thousands), it is impossible to equip each antenna with a specific radio frequency link (RF) due to power consumption and cost. Research has made it very meaningful to deploy massive MIMO with a small amount of RF.
- Hybrid precoding uses a low-cost phase shifter to control the phase of the signal on the transmitting antenna at the RF end to achieve analog precoding, which reduces the hardware cost and reduces the amount of radio required by the system. The equivalent low dimension is used at the baseband.
- Channel state information (CSI) controls the amplitude and phase of the signal to achieve digital precoding.
- hybrid precoding can achieve massive MIMO in the case where the number of RFs is much smaller than the number of antennas.
- the research on hybrid precoding mainly focuses on single carrier systems.
- the research work on hybrid precoding for wideband systems is relatively rare, and the current broadband hybrid precoding design is based on the assumption that the analog precoding on each subcarrier is the same condition. For the next study, this is only suitable when the bandwidth and the center carrier frequency ratio are relatively small.
- millimeter waves (30 to 300 GHz)
- the above assumptions are often unrealistic in practice.
- phase shifters in wideband beamforming networks are typically implemented using delay lines, resulting in the same delay producing different phases on different carriers, that is, even though we only have one analog precoding matrix set, It produces a phase offset on different carriers. Therefore, the actual precoding on different carriers is different in practice, which brings about a performance loss that cannot be ignored.
- the hardware in the actual system is rarely considered.
- the current millimeter wave technology is ultra-wideband, for example, in the 60 GHz band, the bandwidth is generally 2G.
- the processing precision of the hardware is very fine, resulting in a high price of the millimeter wave device, and therefore an intermediate frequency link is required.
- the common intermediate frequency is 2.75GHz, which results in a bandwidth-to-carrier ratio close to 0.5 to 1.5, so the effect of phase offset on analog precoding becomes non-negligible.
- the object of the present invention is to solve the above problems and propose a hybrid precoding design method for an actual wideband MIMO system, which can improve the hybrid precoding performance of an actual wideband system.
- a hybrid precoding design method for an actual wideband MIMO system includes the following steps:
- step 2) According to the characteristics of the actual phase shifter, determine the analog precoding matrix with phase offset on each carrier, design the phase correction matrix in the digital domain, and correct the phase offset of the analog precoding on different carriers in practice.
- step 2) By approximating the ideal analog precoding matrix obtained in step 1), multiplying the phase correction matrix by the analog precoding matrix with phase offset on each carrier is the designed analog precoding matrix;
- step 4 Multiplying the analog precoding obtained in step 2) and the digital precoding obtained in step 3) to obtain a hybrid precoding design.
- step 1) is as follows:
- the base station transmits N s data streams through the N RF root radio frequency and N t antennas, and the user configures the N r antennas, and the radio frequency number is the same as the number of antennas, and there are K subcarriers;
- F BB [k] denotes a digital baseband precoding matrix on the kth carrier,
- FRF denotes an analog precoding matrix on all carriers, and at the receiving end,
- W[k] denotes a reception combining matrix, where N t >>N RF ;
- H[k] represents the channel on the kth carrier, Means the noise on the kth carrier
- the base station side designs analog precoding and digital precoding with the aim of maximizing mutual information as follows:
- R is the channel correlation matrix
- step 2) is as follows:
- the analog precoding matrix obtained in step 1) is taken as the analog precoding matrix on the central carrier frequency.
- the analog precoding matrix on the kth carrier can be expressed as:
- the F RF is an analog precoding matrix on the center carrier frequency. Representing the phase deviation matrix on the kth carrier, Representing the Hadamard product of matrix A and matrix B;
- an analog phase precoding matrix phase shifted to each carrier is multiplied with the correction matrix is the desired analog designed pre-coding matrix, i.e. F RF [k] F c [ k].
- step 3 A further improvement of the present invention is that the specific implementation method of step 3) is as follows:
- step 2) determines the analog precoding and phase correction matrices on all carriers, the equivalent low dimensional channel state information at the baseband is expressed as:
- V eff [k] is the right singular matrix of the SVD decomposition of the equivalent channel H eff [k].
- step 4 A further improvement of the present invention is that the specific implementation method of step 4) is as follows:
- the present invention has the following advantages:
- the present invention considers the performance of a phase shifter in a broadband beamforming network that is sensitive to frequency variations, and designs a hybrid precoding scheme that is more in line with the actual system. Compared with the traditional hybrid precoding scheme, the present invention proposes an ideal analog precoding based on the actual situation that the analog precoding on the different carriers is different due to the phase shift caused by the phase shifter.
- the digital domain sets the phase correction matrix to correct the effective scheme of the phase offset, thereby improving the overall spectrum efficiency of the system and greatly improving the frequency efficiency of the edge carrier.
- FIG. 1 is a comparison diagram of spectrum efficiency on each carrier corresponding to different schemes
- Figure 2 is a comparison of average spectral efficiency on all carriers corresponding to different schemes.
- the main idea of the hybrid precoding design method for the actual broadband massive MIMO system provided by the present invention is as follows: First, on the radio frequency side, first assume that the analog precoding on all carriers is the same, and use the complete channel state information design. An ideal analog precoding matrix; the second step is to determine an analog precoding matrix with phase offset on each carrier according to the characteristics of the actual phase shifter, and design a phase correction matrix in the digital domain to correct the actual carrier on different carriers.
- the base station transmits N s data streams through N RF root radio frequency, N t (N t >>N RF ) antennas, and the user configures N r antennas, and the number of radio frequencies is the same as the number of antennas.
- N t N t >>N RF
- F BB [k] represents a digital baseband precoding matrix on the kth carrier
- FRF is an analog precoding matrix on all carriers
- W[k] represents a reception combining matrix
- the received signal on the kth carrier can be expressed as
- H[k] represents the channel on the kth carrier, Indicates the noise on the kth carrier.
- the technical means of the hybrid precoding design method applicable to the actual wideband MIMO system proposed by the present invention are as follows:
- R is a channel correlation matrix
- the analog precoding matrix on the central carrier frequency is obtained as the analog precoding matrix on the central carrier frequency.
- the analog precoding matrix on the kth carrier in reality can be expressed as:
- the F RF is an analog precoding matrix on the center carrier frequency.
- Representing the phase deviation matrix on the kth carrier Represents the Hadamard product of matrix A and matrix B.
- phase offset needs to be corrected in the digital domain.
- the correction scheme can be described as
- the digital precoding matrix is designed by using the equivalent channel state information. After the above steps, the analog precoding and phase correction matrix on all carriers are determined, and the equivalent low-dimensional channel state information at the baseband can be expressed as:
- the invention compares with the three schemes of all-digital precoding, ideal hybrid precoding and actual phase correction hybrid precoding. The comparison results are shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2.
- Figure 2 shows the variation of the average spectral efficiency with signal-to-noise ratio on all carriers corresponding to different schemes. It can be seen from the figure that the overall performance of the uncorrected phase scheme system is 0.5 dB lower than ideally, and the phase correction algorithm proposed in the present invention can eliminate the performance loss caused by the phase offset to some extent, the overall system The performance is about 0.3 dB higher than the uncorrected phase scheme.
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Abstract
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Claims (5)
- 一种用于实际宽带大规模MIMO系统的混合预编码设计方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:1)在射频端,首先假定所有载波上的模拟预编码相同,以最大化系统频谱效率为准则,利用完整的信道状态信息设计理想的模拟预编码矩阵;2)根据实际中移相器的特性,确定每个载波上发生相位偏移的模拟预编码矩阵,在数字域设计相位修正矩阵,修正实际中不同载波上的模拟预编码发生的相位偏移,以逼近步骤1)中得到的理想模拟预编码矩阵,将相位修正矩阵与每个载波上发生相位偏移的模拟预编码矩阵相乘即为所设计的模拟预编码矩阵;3)在基带处,利用等效低维度的信道状态信息设计数字预编码矩阵;4)将步骤2)中得到的模拟预编码和步骤3)中得到的数字预编码相乘,即得混合预编码设计方案。
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种用于实际宽带大规模MIMO系统的混合预编码设计方法,其特征在于,步骤1)的具体实现方法如下:考虑一个下行宽带大规模MIMO系统,基站通过NRF根射频,Nt根天线,发送Ns个数据流,用户配置Nr根天线,其射频数与天线数相同,共有K个子载波;FBB[k]表示第k个载波上数字基带预编码矩阵,FRF是表示所有载波上的模拟预编码矩阵,在接收端,W[k]表示接收合并矩阵,其中,Nt>>NRF;101)第k个载波上的接收信号:y[k]=WH[k]H[k]FRFFBB[k]s[k]+WH[k]n[k] (1)102)根据上一步中的接收信号,基站端以最大化互信息为目标设计模拟预 编码和数字预编码描述如下:103)求解上述优化问题,获得理想的模拟预编码矩阵:其中R为信道相关矩阵。
- 根据权利要求2所述的一种用于实际宽带大规模MIMO系统的混合预编码设计方法,其特征在于,步骤2)的具体实现方法如下:201)根据实际中移相器的特性,确定每个载波上发生相位偏移的模拟预编码矩阵:将步骤1)中得到模拟预编码矩阵作为中心载频上的模拟预编码矩阵,则实际中第k个载波上的模拟预编码矩阵可表示为:FRF[k]=Foff[k]οFRF (6)202)在数字域对相位偏移做修正:修正方案可描述为:203)将相位修正矩阵与每个载波上发生相位偏移的模拟预编码矩阵相乘即为所设计的模拟预编码矩阵,即FRF[k]Fc[k]。
- 根据权利要求4所述的一种用于实际宽带大规模MIMO系统的混合预编码设计方法,其特征在于,步骤4)的具体实现方法如下:将步骤2)中得到的模拟预编码和步骤3)中得到的数字预编码相乘,即得混合预编码设计方案:F=FRF[k]Fc[k]FBB[k] (10)。
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