WO2018116778A1 - 虚像表示装置 - Google Patents

虚像表示装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018116778A1
WO2018116778A1 PCT/JP2017/042983 JP2017042983W WO2018116778A1 WO 2018116778 A1 WO2018116778 A1 WO 2018116778A1 JP 2017042983 W JP2017042983 W JP 2017042983W WO 2018116778 A1 WO2018116778 A1 WO 2018116778A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
virtual image
projection
display device
image display
optical system
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2017/042983
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English (en)
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
智明 宮本
Original Assignee
パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 filed Critical パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社
Priority to CN201780006997.3A priority Critical patent/CN108474953A/zh
Priority to US15/781,507 priority patent/US10775619B2/en
Priority to DE112017006420.1T priority patent/DE112017006420T5/de
Publication of WO2018116778A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018116778A1/ja

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K35/00—Instruments specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement of instruments in or on vehicles
    • B60K35/20—Output arrangements, i.e. from vehicle to user, associated with vehicle functions or specially adapted therefor
    • B60K35/21—Output arrangements, i.e. from vehicle to user, associated with vehicle functions or specially adapted therefor using visual output, e.g. blinking lights or matrix displays
    • B60K35/23—Head-up displays [HUD]
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B27/0149—Head-up displays characterised by mechanical features
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/18—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for optical projection, e.g. combination of mirror and condenser and objective
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K2360/00—Indexing scheme associated with groups B60K35/00 or B60K37/00 relating to details of instruments or dashboards
    • B60K2360/20—Optical features of instruments
    • B60K2360/33—Illumination features
    • B60K2360/334—Projection means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
    • G02B2027/011—Head-up displays characterised by optical features comprising device for correcting geometrical aberrations, distortion
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
    • G02B2027/0123—Head-up displays characterised by optical features comprising devices increasing the field of view

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to a virtual image display device that causes a viewer to visually recognize a display image as a virtual image through a reflection member.
  • Patent Document 1 discloses a small virtual image display device with small screen distortion in the entire viewpoint region of the observer.
  • the virtual image display device of the present disclosure projects an image on a projection target member, and forms a virtual image on the opposite side of the projection target member to the viewer.
  • the virtual image display apparatus includes a projection member that projects an image, and a projection optical system that guides the image to the projection target member and forms a virtual image.
  • the virtual image distance VID Virtual Image Distance
  • the projection optical system has at least one reflective member.
  • the reflecting surface of the final reflecting member which is included in at least one reflecting member in the light path from the projection member to the virtual image and reflects the light beam finally, satisfies the following condition (1).
  • ⁇ z the angle between the normal vector perpendicular to the tangent plane passing through the origin of the defining equation that defines the shape of the final reflection member and the normal vector of the tangent plane at any point on the final reflection member
  • ⁇ zmax maximum value of ⁇ z
  • ⁇ zmin minimum value of ⁇ z
  • a small virtual image display device can be provided.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a cross section of a vehicle equipped with the virtual image display device of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing an optical cross section for explaining the head-up display according to the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing an optical cross section for explaining the head-up display according to the second embodiment.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing an optical cross section for explaining the head-up display according to the third embodiment.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing a coordinate system of the projection member according to the first to third embodiments.
  • FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of the inclination angle ⁇ z of the final reflection member of the projection optical system in the virtual image display device according to the first to third embodiments.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a cross section of a vehicle equipped with the head-up display according to the first to third embodiments.
  • a head-up display 10 for projecting an image is disposed inside a dashboard 21 of a vehicle 20.
  • the head-up display 10 projects an image on a windshield 22 (or a combiner 60 described later shown in FIG. 4), which is a light transmissive projection target disposed in the vehicle 20.
  • the virtual image 40 of the image which the head-up display 10 projects is formed on the opposite side to the observer 30 side of the windshield 22. Thereby, the observer 30 can view the virtual image 40 of the image projected by the head-up display 10 through the windshield 22.
  • the two-dot chain line shown in FIG. 1 indicates the central optical path L of the image to be projected. Also in the following description, the central optical path L is illustrated by a two-dot chain line.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the head-up display 10 according to the first embodiment.
  • the head-up display 10 of the present embodiment includes an LCD 13 (Liquid Crystal Display), which constitutes a projection member, and a projection optical system.
  • the projection optical system guides the image displayed on the LCD 13 to the windshield 22 to form a virtual image 40.
  • the head-up display 10 projects an image on the windshield 22 which is a projection target member. Then, the head-up display 10 forms a virtual image 40 on the opposite side of the windshield 22 from the viewer 30.
  • the projection optical system comprises a reflecting member 12 and a final reflecting member 11.
  • the final reflection member 11 is disposed substantially vertically downward (including vertically downward) with respect to the windshield 22 and guides the light from the LCD 13 to the windshield 22.
  • the final reflection member 11 is rotationally asymmetric, and its reflection surface is formed in a concave shape.
  • the reflecting member 12 is configured such that its reflecting surface is convex.
  • the observer 30 can visually recognize the virtual image 40 of the image through the windshield 22. That is, the observer 30 can visually recognize the virtual image 40 of the image projected on the windshield 22 through the eye box 31 which is a visual recognition area assumed in advance.
  • an optical element such as one or more lens elements or reflection members may be disposed in the middle of the optical path for guiding the light from the LCD 13 to the final reflection member 11.
  • various aberrations in particular, curvature of field, distortion and astigmatism can be corrected well.
  • effects such as downsizing can be obtained.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the head-up display 10 according to the second embodiment.
  • the head-up display 10 of the present embodiment includes the LCD 13 as a projection member and a projection optical system, as in the first embodiment.
  • the projection optical system guides the image displayed on the LCD 13 to the windshield 22 to form a virtual image 40. That is, the head-up display 10 projects an image on the windshield 22 which is a projection target member. Then, the head-up display 10 forms a virtual image 40 on the opposite side of the windshield 22 from the viewer 30.
  • the projection optical system comprises a lens element 50 and a final reflecting member 11.
  • the final reflection member 11 is disposed substantially vertically downward (including vertically downward) with respect to the windshield 22 and guides the light from the LCD 13 to the windshield 22.
  • the final reflecting member 11 is formed such that the surface on the viewer 30 side is concave.
  • the lens element 50 is rotationally asymmetric, and has, for example, a meniscus shape having positive or negative power. By providing the lens element 50, the size can be reduced, and further, the aberration in the final reflecting member 11 can be further suppressed.
  • the observer 30 can visually recognize the virtual image 40 of the image through the windshield 22. That is, the observer 30 can visually recognize the virtual image 40 of the image projected on the windshield 22 through the eye box 31 which is a visual recognition area assumed in advance.
  • a plurality of lens elements may be arranged. Also, in order to guide the light from the LCD 13 to the final reflection member 11, one or more reflection members may be arranged in addition to the lens element. Thereby, various aberrations, in particular, curvature of field, distortion and astigmatism can be corrected better.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the head-up display 10 according to the third embodiment.
  • the head-up display 10 of the present embodiment includes an LCD 13 as a projection member, a combiner 60 that constitutes a projection target member, and a projection optical system.
  • the projection optical system guides the image displayed on the LCD 13 to the combiner 60 to form a virtual image 40. That is, the head-up display 10 projects an image on the combiner 60. Then, the head-up display 10 forms a virtual image 40 on the side opposite to the observer 30 with respect to the combiner 60.
  • the projection optical system includes the reflecting member 12 and the combiner 60.
  • the combiner 60 is comprised, for example with semi-permeable members, such as resin.
  • the combiner 60 is a projection target member and also functions as a final reflection member.
  • the combiner 60 is disposed substantially vertically below (including vertically below) the windshield 22.
  • the surface of the combiner 60 on the viewer 30 side is formed in a concave shape.
  • the reflective member 12 guides the light from the LCD 13 to the combiner 60.
  • the observer 30 can visually recognize the virtual image 40 of the image through the windshield 60 through the combiner 60. That is, the observer 30 can visually recognize the image projected on the combiner 60 as the virtual image 40 through the eye box 31 which is a visual recognition area assumed in advance.
  • the reflecting member 12 of the projection optical system is not essential, and the light from the LCD 13 may be directly guided to the combiner 60.
  • the projection optical system may have one or more lens elements in the light path.
  • a plurality of reflecting members may be arranged in addition to the lens element.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing a coordinate system of the projection member in the first to third embodiments.
  • the projection member is configured by the LCD 13 or the like as described above, and displays the display image 71 to be projected.
  • the LCD 13 has been described as an example of the projection member, but the present invention is not limited to this.
  • the projection member may be, for example, a display such as an organic light emitting diode (electroluminescence), a fluorescent display (seven segment), or a plasma display. Also, a projector or a scanning laser may be used.
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining the inclination angle ⁇ z of the final reflection member 11 in the first to third embodiments.
  • the reflective surface of the final reflective member 11 is formed such that the surface on the viewer 30 side is concave.
  • the concave reflecting surface has an inclination angle ⁇ z defined as follows. First, let O be the origin of the defining equation that defines the shape of the reflecting surface. Then, let N1 be the normal vector of the reflecting surface at the origin O, and N2 be the normal vector at any point on the reflecting surface. Thus, the inclination angle ⁇ z is defined by the angle between the normal vector N1 and the normal vector N2.
  • the head-up display 10 which is a virtual image display device, includes the LCD 13 and the projection optical system as described in the first to third embodiments.
  • the LCD 13 constitutes a projection member that projects an image.
  • the projection optical system guides the image to the projection target member to form a virtual image 40. That is, the head-up display 10 projects an image on the windshield 22 which is a projection target member, or the combiner 60 corresponding to the final reflection member. Then, the head-up display 10 forms a virtual image 40 on the side opposite to the viewer 30 with respect to the projection target member or the combiner 60.
  • a virtual image distance VID Virtual Image Distance
  • the projection optical system has at least one reflecting member (final reflecting member 11, reflecting member 12, combiner 60, etc.).
  • the final reflecting member 11 that reflects light rays last, or the combiner 60 (embodiments 1 and 2)
  • the reflective surface of the third embodiment satisfies the following condition (1).
  • ⁇ z A normal vector N1 perpendicular to a tangent plane passing through the origin O of the defining equation defining the shape of the final reflecting member 11 (or the combiner 60), and a tangent at any point on the final reflecting member 11 (or the combiner 60)
  • the power of the final reflection member 11 becomes weak below 10 ° which is the lower limit value of the condition (1). Therefore, the entire optical path length is extended, and the virtual image display apparatus is enlarged.
  • the upper limit of 30 ° of the condition (1) is exceeded, the power of the final reflecting member 11 (or the combiner 60) becomes too strong.
  • the temperature exceeds 30 ° the temperature of the members in the head-up display 10 may exceed, for example, 90 ° due to the collection of sunlight or the like. As a result, there is a possibility that a defect such as a missing dot on the LCD 13 may occur. Therefore, a cooling device is required.
  • is more preferably 27 ° or less. Furthermore, the upper limit of the condition (1)
  • the head-up display 10 can be miniaturized.
  • the head up display 10 which concerns on each embodiment, it is desirable to satisfy the following conditions (2).
  • LWS the distance from the observer 30 to the windshield 22 (in the case of the third embodiment, the combiner 60) on a straight line connecting the center of the eye box 31 of the observer 30 to the center of the virtual image 40; It is.
  • the optical path length of the projection optical system becomes long. Therefore, the head-up display 10 is enlarged.
  • the optical path length of the projection optical system becomes short. Therefore, interference occurs between the light beam and the projection member, and between the light beam and the reflection member. In other words, physical interference occurs such as blocking a part of the projection member or the reflection member on the light path of the light beam.
  • the head-up display 10 by configuring the head-up display 10 within the range of the condition (2), it is possible to prevent the interference as well as to miniaturize the head-up display 10.
  • the upper limit of the condition (2) LWS / VID is more preferably 0.50 or less. Furthermore, as for the upper limit of condition (2) LWS / VID, 0.40 or less is especially preferable. Thereby, further miniaturization of the head-up display 10 and the occurrence of interference can be further suppressed.
  • the head up display 10 which concerns on each embodiment, it is desirable to satisfy the following conditions (3).
  • LM the distance between the final reflecting member 11 (or the combiner 60) and the optical element one before the final reflecting member 11 (or the combiner 60) in the central optical path L of the projection optical system from the LCD 13 to the virtual image 40
  • LD distance in the central optical path L from the LCD 13 to the optical element one before the final reflection member 11 (or the combiner 60), It is.
  • the optical element one before the final reflection member 11 corresponds to the reflection member 12 in the case of Embodiments 1 and 3, and the lens element 50 in the case of Embodiment 2.
  • the distance between the LCD 13 and the optical element becomes long, and the apparatus becomes large. If the upper limit of 8.0 of the condition (3) is exceeded, the distance between the LCD 13 and the optical element becomes too short. Therefore, interference between the LCD 13 and the light beam occurs. That is, physical interference such as a part of the LCD 13 obstructs the light path of the light beam occurs.
  • the head-up display 10 by configuring the head-up display 10 within the range of the condition (3), it is possible to prevent the occurrence of interference as well as miniaturizing the head-up display 10.
  • the free-form surface is defined by the following equations (1) and (2).
  • z is the sag amount at the position of (x, y) from the axis defining the surface
  • r is the radius of curvature at the origin of the axis defining the surface
  • c is the curvature at the origin of the axis defining the surface
  • k is conic
  • m and n are integers satisfying (Equation 2)
  • C j is a coefficient of the monomial expression x m y n .
  • an X axis, a Y axis, and a Z axis are defined at the center of the display image 71 of the LCD 13 shown in FIG. 5 as a reference coordinate origin.
  • ADE is the amount rotated in the Y-axis direction from the Z-axis direction about the X-axis
  • BDE is the amount rotated in the Z-axis direction from the X-axis direction about the Y-axis
  • CDE Means an amount rotated from the X axis direction to the Y axis direction about the Z axis.
  • Numerical Example 1 is an example of the projection optical system of the first embodiment.
  • the structural data of the projection optical system of Numerical Example 1 (Table 1), the curvature of the windshield 22 (Table 2), and the coefficients of the polynomial free-form surface (Table 3) are shown.
  • Numerical Example 2 is another example of the projection optical system of the first embodiment.
  • the structural data of the projection optical system of Numerical Example 2 (Table 4), the curvature of the windshield 22 (Table 5), and the coefficients of the polynomial free-form surface (Table 6) are shown.
  • Numerical Embodiment 3 is still another example of the projection optical system of the first embodiment.
  • Configuration data of the projection optical system of Numerical Embodiment 3 (Table 7), a curvature of the windshield 22 (Table 8), and coefficients of the polynomial free-form surface are shown (Table 9).
  • Numerical Embodiment 4 is still another example of the projection optical system of the first embodiment.
  • the structural data of the projection optical system of Numerical Example 4 (Table 10), the curvature of the windshield 22 (Table 11), and the coefficients of the polynomial free-form surface (Table 12) are shown.
  • Numerical Embodiment 5 is still another example of the projection optical system of the first embodiment. Configuration data of the projection optical system of Numerical Embodiment 5 (Table 13), a curvature of the windshield 22 (Table 14), and coefficients of the polynomial free-form surface (Table 15) are shown.
  • Numerical Example 6 is an example of the projection optical system of the second embodiment. Configuration data of the projection optical system of Numerical Example 6 (Table 16), a curvature of the windshield 22 (Table 17), and coefficients of a polynomial free-form surface (Table 18) are shown.
  • Numerical Example 7 is an example of the projection optical system of the third embodiment. Configuration data of the projection optical system of Numerical Example 7 (Table 19) and coefficients of the polynomial free-form surface are shown (Table 20).
  • Table 21 shows the display sizes of images (corresponding to the display image 71 of the LCD 13), virtual image sizes (corresponding to the angle of view), and the viewpoint of the observer in Numerical Embodiments 1 to 7 corresponding to the first to third embodiments.
  • An example of virtual image distance VID from to to a virtual image is shown.
  • Table 22 shows the values of the conditions (1) to (3) of the numerical value examples 1 to 7 corresponding to the first to third embodiments.
  • the virtual image display device is suitable for a head-up display mounted on a vehicle or the like.
  • Head-up display (virtual image display device) 11 final reflection member 12 reflection member 13 LCD Reference Signs List 20 vehicle 21 dashboard 22 windshield 30 observer 31 eye box 40 virtual image 50 lens element 60 combiner 71 display image L central light path N1, N2 normal vector

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Instrument Panels (AREA)
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PCT/JP2017/042983 2016-12-21 2017-11-30 虚像表示装置 WO2018116778A1 (ja)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201780006997.3A CN108474953A (zh) 2016-12-21 2017-11-30 虚像显示装置
US15/781,507 US10775619B2 (en) 2016-12-21 2017-11-30 Virtual image display device
DE112017006420.1T DE112017006420T5 (de) 2016-12-21 2017-11-30 Virtuelle bildanzeigevorrichtung

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2016-247942 2016-12-21
JP2016247942A JP6857800B2 (ja) 2016-12-21 2016-12-21 虚像表示装置

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US (1) US10775619B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JP6857800B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CN (1) CN108474953A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE112017006420T5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
WO (1) WO2018116778A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

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WO2021106335A1 (ja) * 2019-11-26 2021-06-03 パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 虚像表示用光学装置、虚像表示システム及び移動体

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JP2018101099A (ja) 2018-06-28
CN108474953A (zh) 2018-08-31
US10775619B2 (en) 2020-09-15
US20190162956A1 (en) 2019-05-30
DE112017006420T5 (de) 2019-09-05

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