WO2018108170A1 - 闸片托组件、闸片组件、制动装置以及轨道车辆 - Google Patents

闸片托组件、闸片组件、制动装置以及轨道车辆 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018108170A1
WO2018108170A1 PCT/CN2017/116648 CN2017116648W WO2018108170A1 WO 2018108170 A1 WO2018108170 A1 WO 2018108170A1 CN 2017116648 W CN2017116648 W CN 2017116648W WO 2018108170 A1 WO2018108170 A1 WO 2018108170A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
tooth
brake pad
brake
shutter
pin
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2017/116648
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
曾梁彬
韩红文
霍伟
鲍春光
朱君华
梅卓民
苟青炳
Original Assignee
中车戚墅堰机车车辆工艺研究所有限公司
常州中车铁马科技实业有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 中车戚墅堰机车车辆工艺研究所有限公司, 常州中车铁马科技实业有限公司 filed Critical 中车戚墅堰机车车辆工艺研究所有限公司
Priority to CN201780076617.3A priority Critical patent/CN110402338B/zh
Publication of WO2018108170A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018108170A1/zh

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D55/00—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes
    • F16D55/02—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members
    • F16D55/22—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads
    • F16D55/224—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads with a common actuating member for the braking members
    • F16D55/2245—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads with a common actuating member for the braking members in which the common actuating member acts on two levers carrying the braking members, e.g. tong-type brakes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D65/00—Parts or details
    • F16D65/14—Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position
    • F16D65/16—Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position arranged in or on the brake
    • F16D65/18—Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position arranged in or on the brake adapted for drawing members together, e.g. for disc brakes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2121/00—Type of actuator operation force
    • F16D2121/02—Fluid pressure
    • F16D2121/04—Fluid pressure acting on a piston-type actuator, e.g. for liquid pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2125/00—Components of actuators
    • F16D2125/02—Fluid-pressure mechanisms
    • F16D2125/04—Cylinders
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2125/00—Components of actuators
    • F16D2125/18—Mechanical mechanisms
    • F16D2125/58—Mechanical mechanisms transmitting linear movement
    • F16D2125/64—Levers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of rail vehicle braking technology, and in particular to a brake shoe assembly, a brake pad assembly, a brake device, and a rail vehicle.
  • the limit of the brake pad on the brake pad of the existing brake clamp is mainly by installing a rotatable brake stop at the bottom of the brake shoe dovetail groove, and using the elastic snap spring to rotate the brake stop. Lock it. Since the current track route is not completely slag-free track, the foreign matter on the track runs over the wheel, which may cause the hitting of the brake stop or the block circlip, resulting in the failure of the brake stop to limit the stop. Causes the brake to fall off.
  • a brake pad assembly and a method of mounting an elastic cylindrical pin in a clamp mechanism are disclosed, and specifically, after the brake pad is installed, at the rotation of the brake pad An additional cotter pin is inserted into the cylindrical elastic pin to cause an interference between the cylindrical elastic pin and the mating hole of the shutter stopper, thereby suppressing the rotation of the shutter stopper and preventing the brake disc from being loose.
  • the difficulty of the rotation of the shutter stopper can be increased to some extent, but this depends on the amount of interference between the cylindrical elastic pin and the mating hole of the shutter stopper.
  • the brake stopper may still be forced to rotate, resulting in the brake disc falling off. Therefore, the brake pad holder in the prior art cannot effectively limit the position of the brake pad when the brake pad and the brake pad are engaged, thereby easily causing the brake pad to fall off from the brake pad.
  • the invention provides a brake pad assembly, a brake pad assembly, a brake device and a rail vehicle to solve the technical problem that the brake pad in the prior art is easily detached from the brake pad support.
  • a brake shoe assembly comprising: a brake pad holder having opposite first and second sides, the first side of the brake pad having a mating engagement with the brake pad
  • the mounting surface of the mounting plate is provided with a through slot; a shutter stop that can extend into the through slot; the two ends of the shutter stop are located on the second side of the brake pad, and the first end of the shutter stop is
  • the brake pad is rotatably connected, and the second end of the brake pad is detachably connected with the brake pad, and the shutter stopper has a first restricted position extending into the through slot to restrict the movement of the shutter and away from the through slot to allow the brake to be removed.
  • the anti-off mechanism includes an anti-off pin shaft
  • the anti-off pin shaft is movably disposed on the second side of the brake pad
  • the anti-off pin shaft has a blocking shutter stop movement a second limiting position and a second avoiding position for allowing the shutter stop to move, when the anti-off-off shaft is in the second limiting position, the anti-off-pin shaft passes through the shutter stopper or a gate away from the shutter The side is offset.
  • the anti-off mechanism further includes: a rotation matching structure, the rotation matching structure is disposed on the second side of the brake pad holder, and is coupled to the anti-off pin shaft, and the rotation matching structure can pass the anti-off pin shaft through the central axis surrounding the anti-off pin shaft The rotation achieves an axial movement such that the detachment prevention shaft moves between the second restricted position and the second escaping position.
  • the rotary mating structure includes a first toothed portion and a second toothed portion that are in mesh with each other, the first toothed portion is disposed at a first end of the anti-off pin shaft, and the second toothed portion is disposed on the brake pad.
  • one of the first toothed portion and the second toothed portion includes a reference toothed unit
  • the other includes a matching toothed unit including a first deep tooth and a shallow tooth, the first deep tooth
  • the axial depth is greater than the axial depth of the shallow tooth
  • the matching toothed unit includes the second deep tooth
  • the axial depth of the second deep tooth in the matching toothed unit is greater than the axial depth of the shallow tooth in the reference toothed unit
  • the reference tooth profile The first deep or shallow tooth of the unit cooperates with the second deep tooth of the mating tooth unit to rotate the detachment preventing shaft relative to the centerline axis of the detachment preventing pin and to lock in the second restricted position or the second escaping position.
  • the reference tooth unit includes a plurality of groups
  • the matching tooth unit includes a plurality of groups
  • the number of the reference tooth units is the same as the number of the matching tooth units, and is arranged one by one.
  • the number of reference toothed units is different from the number of the matching toothed cells, and the second deep teeth of each of the set of matching toothed cells are circumferentially identical to the corresponding reference toothed cells.
  • the unfolding tooth shapes of the first deep tooth, the second deep tooth, and the shallow tooth each include a diagonal line segment and a straight line segment, and the oblique directions of the first deep tooth, the second deep tooth, and the shallow tooth oblique line are the same.
  • the unfolding tooth shapes of the first deep tooth, the second deep tooth, and the shallow tooth are each composed of two oblique line segments.
  • first deep tooth and the shallow tooth are continuous tooth structures.
  • transition section between the first deep tooth and the shallow tooth and/or a transition section between the adjacent two sets of reference toothed units, or a transition section between the adjacent two sets of matching toothed units.
  • the anti-off mechanism further includes: a support base disposed on the second side of the brake pad holder, the anti-off pin shaft is disposed on the support base, and the rotation matching structure is disposed between the anti-off pin shaft and the support base.
  • the support base is provided with a threaded hole
  • the outer peripheral surface of the anti-disengagement shaft is provided with a threaded portion that cooperates with the threaded hole, and the threaded hole and the threaded portion form a rotation fit structure.
  • the rotary mating structure includes a first tooth portion and a second tooth portion that are in mesh with each other, the first tooth portion is disposed at the first end of the anti-off pin shaft, and the second tooth portion is disposed on the support seat to prevent the off-pin
  • the second end of the shaft extends through the support seat and toward the brake stop.
  • the detachment prevention mechanism further includes: an elastic member disposed between the support seat and the detachment preventing pin, and the elastic member is configured to apply a pressure toward the first tooth portion toward the second tooth portion.
  • a shoulder is disposed between the first end and the second end of the anti-off-pin shaft, one end of the elastic member abuts against the shoulder, and the other end of the elastic member abuts against the support.
  • the brake shoe assembly further includes: a tooth sleeve disposed on the first end of the anti-off pin shaft, and a first tooth portion disposed on a side of the tooth sleeve adjacent to the second end of the anti-off pin shaft; the ratchet bushing is disposed A second end of the detachment preventing pin is disposed in the ratchet bushing, and a second toothed portion is disposed on a side of the ratchet bushing adjacent to the first end of the detachment preventing pin.
  • a brake pad assembly including a brake shoe assembly and a brake pad assembly, the brake shoe carrier assembly being a brake pad carrier assembly provided above, the brake pad being removably disposed in the brake shoe carrier assembly The first side of the brake pad.
  • a brake apparatus in accordance with another aspect of the present invention, includes a brake shoe assembly that is a brake shoe assembly provided as described above.
  • the brake device is a brake caliper.
  • a rail vehicle that includes a brake shoe assembly that is a brake shoe assembly provided as described above.
  • the brake pad is first rotated to the first limiting position to restrict the brake piece from falling off the brake pad, and then the anti-off-off pin is in the second limit position to limit the brake stop
  • the rotation of the brake plate can better avoid the phenomenon that the brake disc is detached from the brake disc during the running of the vehicle, and solves the technical problem that the brake disc in the prior art is easily detached from the brake shoe support, and the brake pad is mounted on the brake pad. Reliability and safety of installation.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a shutter assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 shows an exploded view of a brake pad assembly provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view showing a detachment preventing shaft in a second restricted position according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view showing a detachment preventing shaft rotated from a second restricted position to a second escaping position according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view showing an anti-off-off shaft that is about to enter a second escape position according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 6 is a structural schematic view showing the anti-off-off shaft in a second avoidance position according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 7 shows a front view of a detachment prevention shaft provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 8 shows a left side view of the detachment prevention shaft provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of a rotary mating structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 10 is a schematic view showing the structure of the first tooth portion and the second tooth portion provided in Figure 9;
  • Figure 11 is a schematic view showing the structure of the first deep tooth and the second deep tooth in Figure 10;
  • Figure 12 is a schematic view showing the structure of the shallow tooth and the second deep tooth in Figure 10;
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic structural view showing a first tooth portion and a second tooth portion according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic structural view showing another embodiment of the present invention for providing a horizontal transition section between two adjacent second deep teeth;
  • Figure 15 is a schematic view showing the structure of a horizontal transition between two adjacent second deep teeth according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 16 is a schematic view showing the structure of the second deep tooth of Figure 15 engaged with the first deep tooth;
  • Figure 17 is a schematic view showing the structure of the second deep tooth and the shallow tooth in Figure 15;
  • Figure 18 is a schematic view showing the structure of the toothed transition portion of Figure 15 engaged with the shallow tooth;
  • Figure 19 shows a cross-sectional view of a brake pad assembly provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 20 is a partial enlarged view of a portion A in Figure 19;
  • FIG. 21 shows a front view of a shutter assembly provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 22 shows a front view of a brake shoe according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 23 shows a cross-sectional view of a brake shoe according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 24 is a schematic structural view of a brake pad according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 25 is a block diagram showing the structure of a brake device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the present invention provides a brake shoe assembly that includes a shutter carrier 20, a shutter stopper 30, and a retaining mechanism 40.
  • the brake pad 10 is used in conjunction with the brake disc to convert the clamp clamping force into a braking force on the wheel axle.
  • the shutter carrier 20 is a main body for mounting the shutter 10, and the shutter carrier 20 has opposite first and second sides.
  • the first side of the shutter carrier 20 has a mounting surface that is mounted in cooperation with the shutter 10, and the shutter 10 is detachably mounted on the mounting surface.
  • the first end and the second end of the shutter stop 30 are both located on the second side of the brake pad holder 20.
  • the first end of the shutter stop 30 is rotatably disposed on the brake pad holder 20, and the shutter stop 30 is The second end is detachably connected to the shutter holder 20, and the shutter holder 20 is provided with a through slot 23, and the shutter stopper 30 has a first restricting position extending into the through slot 23 to restrict the movement of the shutter 10 and away from the through slot 23.
  • the first escape position that allows the shutter 10 to move.
  • the detachment prevention mechanism 40 includes a detachment preventing pin 41, wherein the detachment prevention pin shaft 41 is movably disposed on the second side of the shutter carrier 20, the detachment prevention pin shaft 41 has a second restriction position for blocking movement of the shutter stopper 30, and the detachment preventing blade The second escape position of the movement of the stopper 30, when the detachment prevention shaft 41 is at the second restriction position, the detachment prevention pin shaft 41 passes through the shutter stopper 30 or abuts against the side of the shutter stopper 30 facing away from the shutter 10.
  • the shutter stopper 30 is first rotated to the first avoidance position, and then the shutter 10 is mounted on the mounting surface of the shutter holder 20. At this time, the shutter 10 is located at the brake pad. The first side of the tray 20, and then, the shutter stopper 30 is rotated about the first end to the first restricting position, so that the middle portion of the shutter stopper 30 passes through the through slot 23 of the shutter holder 20 and is disposed on the shutter The lower portion of the 10 is abutted against the lower portion of the shutter 10, and then the anti-off-pin shaft 41 is placed in the second restricted position to further restrict the rotation of the shutter stopper 30.
  • the shutter stopper 30 can reliably restrict the position of the shutter 10 by the detachment preventing shaft 41, thereby preventing the shutter 10 from falling off from the shutter carrier 20. Since the current track route is not completely slag-free track, when the rail vehicle is running on the track, foreign objects on the track run over the wheel so that it may bounce and hit the brake stop 30, resulting in the brake stop 30 facing the brake pad. The failure of the 10 limit action causes the brake pad 10 to fall off. With the brake pad assembly in this embodiment, when the shutter stopper 30 is subjected to foreign matter impact or in other unexpected situations, since the anti-off-pin shaft 41 is located at the second restriction position, the shutter stopper 30 will not occur. The rotation is performed to better avoid the phenomenon that the shutter 10 is detached from the brake shoe 20, and the technical problem that the brake pad 10 of the prior art is easily detached from the brake shoe 20 is solved, and the brake shoe 20 is improved. The reliability and safety of the brake pad 10 installation.
  • the retaining mechanism 40 further includes a rotary mating structure 42 disposed on the second side of the shutter bracket 20 and coupled to the anti-off-pin shaft 41.
  • the swivel mating structure 42 enables the anti-off-pin shaft 41 to pass around
  • the rotation of the central axis of the detachment preventing shaft 41 effects the axial movement of the detachment prevention pin 41, so that the detachment prevention pin shaft 41 has a second restricted position that blocks the shutter stopper 30 from withdrawing from the inside of the through groove 23 and allows the shutter stopper 30.
  • the anti-off-pin shaft 41 when the anti-off-pin shaft 41 is in the second restricted position, the anti-off-pin shaft 41 can pass through the shutter stopper 30 to restrict the movement of the shutter stopper 30, or to prevent
  • the outer circular surface or end of the off-pin shaft 41 and the side of the shutter stopper 30 facing away from the shutter 10 can restrict the movement of the shutter stopper 30.
  • the end portion of the tamper-proof shaft 41 is offset from the side of the shutter stopper 30 facing away from the shutter 10 to reduce the occupied space of the shutter stopper 30, thereby making the structure more compact.
  • the rotary fitting structure can also adopt a structure in which the screw rod and the nut are matched, and the anti-off-pin shaft 41 is set as a screw rod, and the second side of the brake pad holder 20 is provided with a support seat having an internal thread as a nut, and the screw rod is adopted.
  • the engagement with the nut can axially move the detachment prevention pin shaft 41 by the screw rotation, so that the detachment prevention pin shaft 41 can be in the second restriction position or the second escape position.
  • the swivel mating structure 42 includes a first toothed portion 421 and a second toothed portion 422 that are in mesh with each other.
  • the first toothed portion 421 is disposed at a first end of the detachment preventing pin 41
  • the second toothed portion 422 is disposed at a second side of the ram carrier 20, and the first end of the detachment preventing pin 41 passes through the second toothed portion 422
  • the second end of the anti-off pin shaft 41 is used for restricting the shutter stopper 30, and the first tooth portion 421 and the second tooth portion 422 are relatively rotated to change the first tooth portion.
  • the axial distance between the 421 and the second toothed portion 422 is such that the axial position of the detachment preventing pin 41 can be changed to move the detachment preventing pin 41 between the second restricted position and the second escaping position.
  • the first toothed portion 421 may be provided as a toothed sleeve
  • the second toothed portion 422 is provided as a ratchet bushing
  • the toothed sleeve is sleeved on the first end of the anti-off-pin shaft 41
  • the ratchet bushing is fixed by an interference fit
  • the ratchet bushing can also be made integral with the support frame of the brake shoe 20.
  • one of the first toothed portion 421 and the second toothed portion 422 includes a reference toothed unit and the other includes a mating toothed unit. That is, it may be provided that the first toothed portion 421 includes a reference toothed unit, and the second toothed portion 422 includes a mating toothed unit; the first toothed portion 421 may include a mating toothed unit, and the second toothed portion 422 includes Reference tooth unit.
  • the reference tooth unit includes a first deep tooth 422a and a shallow tooth 422b, and the first deep tooth 422a has an axial depth greater than the axial depth of the shallow tooth 422b.
  • the mating tooth unit includes a second deep tooth 421a, the axial depth of the second deep tooth 421a of the mating tooth unit is greater than the axial depth of the shallow tooth 422b of the reference tooth unit, the first deep tooth 422a of the reference tooth unit or The shallow tooth 422b is engaged with the second deep tooth 421a of the fitting tooth unit to rotate the detachment prevention pin 41 with respect to the central axis of the detachment prevention pin 41 and to lock in the second restriction position or the second escape position.
  • the axial height of the anti-off pin 41 in the second avoidance position is higher than The axial height at the second restricted position, and the height difference between the two is just the height difference between the deep tooth and the shallow tooth.
  • the number of reference toothed cells and the number of mating toothed cells can be designed as desired, in the embodiment provided by the present invention, and the number of reference toothed cells is the same as the number of mating toothed cells, all during the rotation process.
  • the position of the second deep tooth 421a with respect to the reference tooth unit is the same.
  • the anti-off-pin shaft 41 can be rotated into a second avoidance position by the second restriction position or enter the second restriction position by the second restriction position, so that the operator can operate the flexible, easy and stable operation.
  • Anti-off mechanism 40 In the first toothed portion 421 of the present embodiment, three sets of matching toothed units are arranged annularly, and correspondingly, three sets of reference toothed units are also disposed on the second toothed portion 422.
  • the number of the reference toothed units can also be set differently from the number of the matching toothed units, but it is necessary to ensure the relative position of the second deep tooth 421a in each of the set of matching toothed units in the circumferential direction and the corresponding reference toothed unit. The same is to ensure stable movement of the anti-off-pin shaft 41.
  • one side wall of the first deep tooth 422a may be linear, and the other side wall of the first deep tooth 422a may be curved or oblique.
  • one side wall of the shallow tooth 422b is linear, and the other side wall of the shallow tooth 422b is an arc or a diagonal line.
  • the anti-off-pin shaft 41 is stably in the second avoiding position, and the arc shape of the shallow tooth 422b is aligned with the arc shape of the deep tooth, and the angle between the two side walls of the shallow tooth 422b and the first deep tooth 422a are The angles of the side walls are the same.
  • the tooth-shaped structure in this embodiment is a combination of a straight shape and an arc shape, so that the anti-off-pin shaft 41 can only rotate along the arc-shaped segment in the tooth-shaped structure, and the linear shape in the tooth-shaped structure limits the anti-off-load on the one hand.
  • the rotation direction of the shaft 41 also enables the detachment prevention pin shaft 41 to stably maintain the second escaping position or the second restriction position to better achieve the effect of the detachment prevention mechanism 40 preventing the shutter 10 from coming off.
  • the unfolded tooth shapes of the first deep tooth 422a, the second deep tooth 421a, and the shallow tooth 422b may be formed by two oblique line segments. In this way, the rotation of the first tooth portion 421 in a timely manner or the reverse rotation of the first tooth portion 421 can move the anti-off-pin shaft 41 for convenient handling.
  • the first deep tooth 422a and the shallow tooth 422b are connected in the embodiment, and the linear sidewall of the shallow tooth 422b and the first The curved side walls of a deep tooth 422a are connected, wherein the second deep tooth 421a is adapted to the first deep tooth 422a structure.
  • transition section can be a horizontal section or a toothed transition section or the like.
  • the movement of the anti-off-pin shaft 41 can be adjusted by setting the transition section to suit different motion requirements.
  • a toothed transition section is disposed between adjacent two second deep teeth 421a.
  • the anti-off-pin shaft 41 When the working process becomes that the second deep tooth 421a is engaged with the first deep tooth 422a, the anti-off-pin shaft 41 is in the second restricted position, and the second deep tooth 421a is rotated by a certain angle to engage with the shallow tooth 422b, and the anti-off-pin shaft 41 is at this time.
  • the second deep tooth 421a continues to rotate a certain angle, and the toothed transition portion thereof meshes with the shallow tooth 422b.
  • the anti-off-pin shaft 41 is between the second restricted position and the second avoiding position, and the specific position is determined according to the tooth. The depth of the transition is determined.
  • the first toothed portion 421 ie, the toothed sleeve
  • the second toothed portion 422 ie, the ratchet bushing
  • the anti-off-pin shaft 41 is substantially vertical.
  • the first end of the anti-off-pin shaft 41 is located above the second end, and the first end of the anti-off-pin shaft 41 is fixedly connected with the first toothed portion 421 through the toothed pin 423.
  • the toothed pin 423 is a split pin structure for connecting the first toothed portion 421 and the detachment preventing pin 41.
  • the first toothed portion 421 is provided with a first pin hole, which is a first through hole, and is disposed in pairs on the first toothed portion 421.
  • a second pin hole is also provided on the anti-off-pin shaft 41.
  • the second pin hole is a second through hole, and the second pin hole in this embodiment is radially disposed.
  • the detachment prevention mechanism 40 further includes a support base 43 which is disposed on the second side of the shutter carrier 20, and the detachment preventing pin 41 is disposed at On the support base 43, a rotary fitting structure 42 is disposed between the detachment prevention pin shaft 41 and the support base 43.
  • the support base 43 is provided with a second tooth shape.
  • the third through hole of the portion 422 is matched with the outer diameter so that the second tooth portion 422 is firmly fixed to the shutter carrier 20.
  • the second toothed portion 422 when mated with the first toothed portion 421, also limits the axial position of the detachment prevention pin 41.
  • the retaining mechanism 40 further includes an elastic member 44 disposed between the support base 43 and the detachment prevention pin 41, and the elastic member 44 is for applying the second tooth portion 421 toward the second tooth.
  • the pressure in the direction of the shape 422 is such that the first tooth portion 421 and the second tooth portion 422 are always in the meshing contact state.
  • the elastic member 44 in this embodiment is a spring, and the spring force of the spring is used to ensure the constant engagement of the first tooth portion 421 and the second tooth portion 422.
  • a shoulder 411 is disposed between the first end and the second end of the detachment preventing pin 41, and an end surface of the shoulder 411 facing the first end of the detachment preventing pin 41 is disposed
  • the spacer 45 has one end of the elastic member 44 abutting against the spacer 45, and the other end of the elastic member 44 abuts against the bottom of the support base 43.
  • the inner diameter of the spring should be slightly larger than the diameter of the detachment prevention pin 41, and the inner diameter of the spring should also be smaller than the outer diameter of the shoulder 411 to limit the position of the spring.
  • the detachment prevention pin 41 rotates in the oblique direction of the tooth structure (that is, in the direction of the oblique line of the first deep tooth or the shallow tooth to expand the tooth shape), since both ends of the spring are not prevented from being off-loaded
  • the shaft 41 is in contact so that the anti-off-pin shaft 41 does not drive the spring to rotate, preventing the spring from twisting.
  • the spacer 45 in this embodiment can also be replaced by a bearing or the like, or between the shoulder of the spring and the anti-off pin 41, or the end of the retaining spring and the end of the support bracket 43 of the brake pad 20.
  • the part is fully lubricated so that it is not necessary to provide a gasket or the like.
  • the rotary fitting structure may also be provided as a threaded mating structure.
  • a threaded hole is provided in the support base, and the outer peripheral surface of the anti-off-pin shaft is disposed on the outer peripheral surface of the anti-off-pin shaft. The threaded section of the threaded hole can also be moved by the threaded fit.
  • the lower plane of the shoulder 411 and the upper plane of the shutter stopper 30 in this embodiment are disposed in parallel, and when the detachment prevention pin 41 is at the second restriction position, the shoulder 411 is lower.
  • the plane is located above the upper plane of the shutter stopper 30, and the peripheral surface of the anti-off-pin shaft 41 is closely attached to the shutter stopper 30, so that the reliability of the anti-off-pin shaft 41 for stopping the shutter stopper 30 can be improved. In order to better prevent the shutter 10 from being separated from the shutter carrier 20.
  • the detachment prevention mechanism 40 includes a plurality of support seats 43 that are spaced apart in the vertical direction, and the detachment prevention pin shafts 41 are sequentially inserted into the plurality of support seats 43.
  • the retaining mechanism 40 can include one or more support seats 43.
  • the detachment prevention mechanism 40 in this embodiment has two support seats 43, and the two support seats 43 are spaced apart.
  • One of the support seats 43 is for fixing the second toothed portion 422, and the other support base 43 is provided with a fourth through hole that cooperates with the anti-off pin shaft 41, and the diameter of the fourth through hole should be slightly larger than the anti-off-off shaft
  • the diameter of 41 is such that the detachment preventing shaft 41 can smoothly move in the axial direction. Since the first tooth portion 421 is disposed at the first end of the detachment prevention pin 41, the second tooth portion 422 that cooperates with the first tooth portion 421 is also disposed at the first end of the detachment prevention pin 41, so A support seat 43 for fixing the second toothed portion 422 is also disposed at a first end adjacent to the detachment prevention pin 41.
  • the support seat 43 for fixing and restraining the detachment preventing pin 41 is disposed at a second end close to the detachment preventing pin 41, that is, the support seat 43 for fixing the second toothed portion 422 is provided for fixing and The upper portion of the support seat 43 of the detachment preventing shaft 41 is restricted.
  • a latching boss 11 is provided on the side of the shutter 10 facing the mounting surface, and the mounting surface of the shutter carrier 20 is disposed.
  • the slot 24 in this embodiment is an annular groove provided with an opening.
  • the width of the slot of the slot 24 is smaller than the width of the slot bottom of the slot 24.
  • the structural size of the latching boss 11 is adapted to the structural size of the slot 24 to ensure the latching boss 11 and Tight fit of slot 24.
  • the slot 24 is a dovetail slot structure.
  • the shutter assembly further includes a retaining spring 50 disposed between the second end of the shutter stopper 30 and the shutter bracket 20, and the retaining spring 50 is configured to be opposite to the second end of the shutter stopper 30.
  • the first restricting position is elastically self-locked so that the shutter stopper 30 is at a first restricting position that projects into the through slot 23 and abuts against the lower portion of the engaging boss 11 of the shutter 10, and the retaining spring in this embodiment 50 is a U-shaped snap spring 50.
  • a first protrusion 21 is disposed on the side of the through slot 23 of the shutter holder 20, and a second protrusion 22 is disposed on the other side of the through slot 23 of the shutter holder 20, and is in the first protrusion.
  • the shutter carrier assembly in this embodiment further includes a stopper rotating pin 31.
  • a fifth through hole is disposed on the first end of the shutter stopper 30, and a corresponding sixth through hole is also disposed on the first opening groove matched with the same, so that the stopper rotating pin 31 can The sixth through hole smoothly passing through the first opening slot is inserted into the corresponding fifth through hole on the shutter stopper 30.
  • a seventh through hole is disposed on the second end of the shutter stopper 30, and an eighth through hole is disposed in the second open slot matched with the seventh through hole, and the seventh through hole and the eighth through hole are misaligned
  • One end of the U-shaped retaining spring 50 penetrates into the seventh through hole on the second end of the shutter stopper 30, and the other end of the U-shaped retaining spring 50 penetrates into the eighth through hole of the second open slot.
  • the U-shaped retaining spring 50 in this embodiment has a certain elasticity, and can provide a certain locking force to the shutter stopper 30, and can restrict the free rotation of the shutter stopper 30, so that the shutter stopper 30 is in the first restricted position. That is, it is in a state of extending into the through groove 23 and abutting against the lower portion of the engaging boss 11 provided at the back of the shutter 10, thereby fixing the shutter 10 to the shutter carrier 20.
  • the U-shaped retainer 50 can be rotated by a certain angle by a conventional tool (such as a screwdriver) to allow the shutter stop 30 to leave the first limit position.
  • the shutter stopper 30 is withdrawn from the through groove 23, so that the catching boss 11 of the shutter 10 can be withdrawn from the slot 24.
  • the U-shaped snap spring 50 can limit the range of rotation of the shutter stopper 30 so that the catching boss 11 of the shutter 10 can be withdrawn from the slot 24.
  • the shutter stopper 30 can provide a certain locking force to prevent the free rotation of the shutter stopper 30.
  • the brake shoe assembly further includes an upper pin assembly that mainly includes an upper pin shaft 60, an upper pin shaft washer 70, and an upper pin shaft limit pin 80.
  • the upper pin 60 has a flange face at one end and a hole in the radial direction at the other end.
  • the upper pin 60 is mounted in the first bushing hole and the second bushing hole of the shutter carrier 20, and the flange surface thereof is fitted to the end surface of the first bushing hole to prevent the upper pin shaft 60 from falling downward.
  • the upper pin spacer 70 is far from the upper pin shaft 60 Inserting one end of the flange face, and then inserting the upper pin limit pin 80 into the opening of the upper pin 60, the portion of the upper pin limit pin 80 extending from the upper pin 60 will limit the upper pin
  • the gasket 70 is vertically detached.
  • a structure for facilitating the rotation of the tool is also designed on the anti-off-pin shaft 41. Therefore, a hexagonal counterbore can be designed on the end surface of the second end of the anti-off-pin shaft 41, and a hexagonal head can also be used. Design, process hole or process tank design.
  • the detachment prevention pin shaft 41 is in the second restriction position.
  • the second deep tooth 421a and the second toothed portion 422 of the first toothed portion 421 are 422.
  • the first deep tooth 422a is engaged such that the circumferential surface of the detachment prevention pin 41 is in contact with the first plane of the shutter stopper 30, so that the shutter stopper 30 cannot be rotated and opened.
  • the circlip 50 is disabled, the locking action of the shutter stopper 30 on the shutter 10 can be ensured so that the shutter stopper 30 is stably in the first restricted position.
  • the detachment preventing shaft 41 When the detachment preventing shaft 41 is rotated until the tooth surface of the first tooth portion 421 and the second tooth portion 422 is engaged with the highest position, the detachment preventing pin 41 compresses the elastic member 44 to the highest position, and then under the action of the elastic member 44, The detachment preventing pin 41 and the first toothed portion 421 are dropped, and the second deep tooth 421a of the first toothed portion 421 is engaged with the shallow tooth 422b of the second toothed portion 422 and maintained in a stable state.
  • the position of the detachment preventing pin 41 and the first toothed portion 421 in the second escaping position is raised by a certain height, and the lifting height is the first deep tooth 422a of the second toothed portion 422 The difference from the height of the shallow teeth 422b.
  • the detachment preventing shaft 41 cannot limit the shutter stopper 30.
  • the shutter stopper 30 can be rotated and opened by pulling the snap spring 50, thereby removing the shutter 10.
  • the shutter carrier assembly includes a shutter carrier 20, a support pin 91, a split pin 92, a spring 93, a shutter bracket 94, an elastic pin 95, and a brake pad.
  • the stopper 30 and the circlip 50, the brake pad 20 is provided with a brake pad, the interface of the ram support 20 adopts a UIC standard dovetail interface, the brake pad is a powder metallurgy brake, and the upper part of the brake pad 20 is provided.
  • the lower end is provided with a hole of the split pin 92 which cooperates with the split pin 92
  • the lower part of the brake pad 20 is provided with a lower pin mount which is fitted with the lower arm of the second concave frame of the brake caliper lever, and the lower part
  • the pin mounting seat is provided with a lower pin shaft hole matched with the lower support pin 91, and the lower end of the lower support pin 91 is provided with a brake pad holder 20, and the brake pad holder 20 is provided with a lower support pin 91 for fixing the lower support pin 91.
  • the elastic pin 95, the lower support pin 91 is located above the stop of the brake pad 20 and has a spring 93, and the brake pad 20 is located on the brake pad Stop sleeve 20 is provided at the brake pad stopper 30, the brake pad carrier 20 are connected by the stopper 30 and the circlip 50 brake lining.
  • a brake pad assembly including a brake pad assembly, which is the brake pad assembly provided in the above embodiment, and the brake pad assembly can effectively make the brake
  • the sheet 10 is stably coupled to the shutter holder 20.
  • the anti-off-pin shaft 41 is placed in the second restricting position to prevent the shutter 10 from coming off the shutter carrier 20.
  • the mechanism 40 has a tamper-proof state and a detached state of the shutter 10, and enables the connection of the shutter 10 and the shutter carrier 20 to be more secure when it is in the locked state.
  • a brake device in particular a brake clamp, includes a brake shoe assembly, and specifically, the brake shoe assembly is the above embodiment.
  • Brake pad assembly provided.
  • a rail vehicle including a brake shoe assembly, and in particular, the brake shoe assembly is the brake shoe assembly provided in the above embodiment.
  • orientations such as “front, back, up, down, left, right", “horizontal, vertical, vertical, horizontal” and “top, bottom” and the like are indicated. Or the positional relationship is generally based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is merely for the convenience of the description of the invention and the simplification of the description, which are not intended to indicate or imply the indicated device or component. It must be constructed and operated in a specific orientation or in a specific orientation, and thus is not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention; the orientations “inside and outside” refer to the inside and outside of the contour of the components themselves.
  • spatially relative terms such as “above”, “above”, “on top”, “above”, etc., may be used herein to describe as in the drawings.
  • the exemplary term “above” can include both “over” and "under”.
  • the device can also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the corresponding description of the space used herein is interpreted accordingly.

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Abstract

一种闸片托组件、闸片组件、制动装置以及轨道车辆，闸片托组件包括：闸片托（20），闸片托（20）的第一侧具有与闸片（10）配合安装的安装面；可伸入通槽（23）的闸片挡块（30），闸片挡块（30）的两端位于闸片托（20）的第二侧，闸片挡块（30）具有伸入通槽（23）以限制闸片（10）移动的第一限制位置和第一避让位置；防脱机构（40），防脱机构（40）包括防脱销轴（41），防脱销轴（41）可活动地设置在闸片托（20）的第二侧，防脱销轴（41）具有阻挡闸片挡块（30）移动的第二限制位置以及允许闸片挡块（30）移动的第二避让位置，当防脱销轴（41）位于第二限制位置时，防脱销轴（41）穿过闸片挡块（30）或与闸片挡块（30）的背离闸片（10）的一侧相抵；解决了闸片（10）易从闸片托（20）上脱落的技术问题。

Description

闸片托组件、闸片组件、制动装置以及轨道车辆 技术领域
本发明涉及轨道交通车辆制动技术领域，具体而言，涉及一种闸片托组件、闸片组件、制动装置以及轨道车辆。
背景技术
目前，现有制动夹钳用闸片托上对闸片的限位主要通过在闸片托燕尾槽底部安装一个可转动的闸片挡块，并利用弹性卡簧对闸片挡块的转动进行锁紧。由于目前轨道路线并非完全无渣轨道，轨道上的异物在车轮碾过使可能会弹起击中闸片挡块或挡块卡簧，导致闸片挡块对闸片限位作用的失效，从而造成闸片脱落。
在专利申请号为CN 201410480216.2的文件中公开了一种夹钳机构中的闸片托体装配及弹性圆柱销安装方法，并具体公开了在闸片安装完成后，在闸片挡块转动处的圆柱弹性销中另外装入一个开口销，使得圆柱弹性销与闸片挡块配合孔之间产生过盈量，由此来抑制闸片挡块的转动，防止闸片松脱。用此方法可以在一定程度上增加闸片挡块转动的难度，但这取决于圆柱弹性销与闸片挡块配合孔之间的过盈量的多少。若过盈量不足，或在较大外力的作用下，闸片挡块仍然可能受迫转动，从而导致闸片脱落。因此，现有技术中的闸片托不能在闸片托和闸片配合时有效限位闸片的位置，从而易导致闸片从闸片托上脱落。
发明内容
本发明提供一种闸片托组件、闸片组件、制动装置以及轨道车辆，以解决现有技术中的闸片易从闸片托上脱落的技术问题。
根据本发明的一个方面，提供了一种闸片托组件，闸片托组件包括：闸片托，具有相对设置的第一侧和第二侧，闸片托的第一侧具有与闸片配合安装的安装面，闸片托上设置有通槽；可伸入通槽的闸片挡块，闸片挡块的两端位于闸片托的第二侧，闸片挡块的第一端与闸片托转动连接，闸片挡块的第二端与闸片托可拆卸连接，闸片挡块具有伸入通槽以限制闸片移动的第一限制位置和远离通槽以允许闸片移出的第一避让位置；闸片托组件还包括防脱机构，防脱机构包括防脱销轴，防脱销轴可活动地设置在闸片托的第二侧，防脱销轴具有阻挡闸片挡块移动的第二限制位置以及允许闸片挡块移动的第二避让位置，当防脱销轴位于第二限制位置时，防脱销轴穿过闸片挡块或与闸片挡块的背离闸片的一侧相抵。
进一步地，防脱机构还包括：旋转配合结构，旋转配合结构设置在闸片托的第二侧，并与防脱销轴连接，旋转配合结构能够使防脱销轴通过围绕防脱销轴的中心轴线的旋转实现轴向移动，从而使防脱销轴在第二限制位置和第二避让位置之间移动。
进一步地，旋转配合结构包括相互啮合的第一齿形部和第二齿形部，第一齿形部设置在防脱销轴的第一端，第二齿形部设置在闸片托上。
进一步地，第一齿形部和第二齿形部中，其中一个包括基准齿形单元，另一个包括配合齿形单元，基准齿形单元包括第一深齿和浅齿，第一深齿的轴向深度大于浅齿的轴向深度，配合齿形单元包括第二深齿，配合齿形单元中第二深齿的轴向深度大于基准齿形单元中浅齿的轴向深度，基准齿形单元的第一深齿或浅齿通过与配合齿形单元的第二深齿配合，使防脱销轴相对于防脱销轴的中线轴线旋转并锁定在第二限制位置或第二避让位置。
进一步地，基准齿形单元包括多组，配合齿形单元包括多组，基准齿形单元的数量与配合齿形单元的数量相同，且一一对应设置。
进一步地，基准齿形单元的数量与配合齿形单元的数量不同，每组配合齿形单元中的第二深齿在周向上与对应的基准齿形单元的相对位置相同。
进一步地，第一深齿、第二深齿以及浅齿的展开齿形均包含有一个斜线段和一个直线段，第一深齿、第二深齿和浅齿的斜线段的倾斜方向相同。
进一步地，第一深齿、第二深齿以及浅齿的展开齿形均由两个斜线段构成。
进一步地，第一深齿和浅齿为连续齿形结构。
进一步地，第一深齿与浅齿之间具有过渡段和/或相邻两组基准齿形单元之间具有过渡段，或相邻两组配合齿形单元之间具有过渡段。
进一步地，防脱机构还包括：支撑座，设置在闸片托的第二侧，防脱销轴穿设在支撑座上，旋转配合结构设置在防脱销轴和支撑座之间。
进一步地，支撑座上设置有螺纹孔，防脱销轴的外周面设置有与螺纹孔配合的螺纹段，螺纹孔和螺纹段形成旋转配合结构。
进一步地，旋转配合结构包括相互啮合的第一齿形部和第二齿形部，第一齿形部设置在防脱销轴的第一端，第二齿形部设置在支撑座上，防脱销轴的第二端穿过支撑座并朝闸片挡块延伸。
进一步地，防脱机构还包括：弹性件，设置在支撑座与防脱销轴之间，弹性件用于向第一齿形部施加朝向第二齿形部方向的压力。
进一步地，防脱销轴的第一端和第二端之间设置有轴肩，弹性件的一端与轴肩抵接，弹性件的另一端与支撑座抵接。
进一步地，闸片托组件还包括：齿套，套设在防脱销轴的第一端，齿套的靠近防脱销轴第二端的一侧设置有第一齿形部；棘齿衬套，设置在闸片托上，防脱销轴的第二端穿设在棘齿衬套内，棘齿衬套的靠近防脱销轴第一端的一侧设置有第二齿形部。
根据本发明的另一方面，提供了一种闸片组件，包括闸片托组件和闸片，闸片托组件为上述提供的闸片托组件，闸片可拆卸地设置在闸片托组件的闸片托的第一侧。
根据本发明的另一方面，提供了一种制动装置，包括闸片托组件，闸片托组件为上述提供的闸片托组件。
进一步地，制动装置为制动夹钳。
根据本发明的另一方面，提供了一种轨道车辆，包括闸片托组件，闸片托组件为上述提供的闸片托组件。
采用本发明提供的闸片托组件，先将闸片挡块转动至第一限制位置，以限制闸片从闸片上脱落，随后再使防脱销轴处于第二限制位置，以限制闸片挡块的转动，从而更好地避免了闸片在车辆运行时从闸片上脱落的现象，解决了现有技术中的闸片易从闸片托上脱落的技术问题，提高了闸片托上闸片安装的可靠性与安全性。
附图说明
构成本申请的一部分的说明书附图用来提供对本发明的进一步理解，本发明的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本发明，并不构成对本发明的不当限定。在附图中：
图1示出了根据本发明实施例提供的闸片组件的结构示意图；
图2示出了根据本发明实施例提供的闸片组件的爆炸图；
图3示出了根据本发明实施例提供的防脱销轴处于第二限制位置的结构示意图；
图4示出了根据本发明实施例提供的防脱销轴由第二限制位置向第二避让位置转动时的结构示意图；
图5示出了根据本发明实施例提供的防脱销轴即将进入第二避让位置时的结构示意图；
图6示出了根据本发明实施例提供的防脱销轴处于第二避让位置的结构示意图；
图7示出了根据本发明实施例提供的防脱销轴的主视图；
图8示出了根据本发明实施例提供的防脱销轴的左视图；
图9示出了根据本发明实施例提供的旋转配合结构的结构示意图；
图10示出了图9中提供的第一齿形部和第二齿形部的结构示意图；
图11示出了图10中第一深齿和第二深齿啮合的结构示意图；
图12示出了图10中浅齿和第二深齿啮合的结构示意图；
图13示出了本发明又一实施例提供的第一齿形部和第二齿形部的结构示意图；
图14示出了本发明又一实施例提供在相邻两个第二深齿之间设置水平过渡段的结构示意图；
图15示出了本发明又一实施例提供在相邻两个第二深齿之间设置水平过渡段的结构示意图；
图16示出了图15中第二深齿与第一深齿啮合的结构示意图；
图17示出了图15中第二深齿与浅齿啮合的结构示意图；
图18示出了图15中齿形过渡段与浅齿啮合的结构示意图；
图19示出了根据本发明实施例提供的闸片组件的剖视图；
图20示出了图19中A处的局部放大图；
图21示出了根据本发明实施例提供的闸片组件的主视图；
图22示出了根据本发明实施例提供的闸片托的主视图；
图23示出了根据本发明实施例提供的闸片托的剖视图；
图24示出了根据本发明实施例提供的闸片托的结构示意图；
图25示出了根据本发明实施例提供的制动装置的结构示意图。
其中，上述附图包括以下附图标记：
10、闸片；11、卡接凸台；20、闸片托；21、第一凸起；22、第二凸起；23、通槽；24、插槽；30、闸片挡块；31、挡块转销；40、防脱机构；41、防脱销轴；411、轴肩；42、旋转配合结构；421、第一齿形部；421a、第二深齿；422、第二齿形部；422a、第一深齿；422b、浅齿；423、齿套销；43、支撑座；44、弹性件；45、垫片；50、卡簧；60、上销轴；70、上销轴垫片；80、上销轴限位销；91、支持销；92、开口销；93、弹簧；94、闸片托挡套；95、弹性销。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。以下对至少一个示例性实施例的描述实际上仅仅是说明性的，决不作为对本发明及其应用或使用的任何限制。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
如图1至图6所示，本发明提供了一种闸片托组件，该闸片托组件包括：闸片托20、闸片挡块30和防脱机构40。其中，闸片10与制动盘配合使用，将夹钳夹紧力转化为车轮轴上的制动力。闸片托20是用于安装闸片10的主体，闸片托20具有相对设置的第一侧和第二侧， 闸片托20的第一侧具有与闸片10配合安装的安装面，闸片10可拆卸地安装在安装面上。闸片挡块30的第一端和第二端均位于闸片托20的第二侧，闸片挡块30的第一端可转动地设置在闸片托20上，闸片挡块30的第二端与闸片托20可拆卸连接，闸片托20上设置有通槽23，闸片挡块30具有伸入通槽23以限制闸片10移动的第一限制位置和远离通槽23以允许闸片10移动的第一避让位置。当闸片挡块30位于第一限制位置时，闸片挡块30的中部穿过通槽23并设置在闸片10的下方并与闸片10相抵，以限制闸片10的移动，当闸片挡块30的第二端朝远离闸片10的方向转动并使闸片挡块30从通槽23处退出且闸片10可以从闸片托20上移出时，闸片挡块30处于第一避让位置。防脱机构40包括防脱销轴41，其中防脱销轴41可活动地设置在闸片托20的第二侧，防脱销轴41具有阻挡闸片挡块30移动的第二限制位置以及允许闸片挡块30移动的第二避让位置，当防脱销轴41位于第二限制位置时，防脱销轴41穿过闸片挡块30或与闸片挡块30的背离闸片10的一侧相抵。
使用本实施例中的闸片托组件，先将闸片挡块30转动至第一避让位置，随后将闸片10安装在闸片托20的安装面上，此时，闸片10位于闸片托20的第一侧，接着，将闸片挡块30绕第一端转动至第一限制位置，以使闸片挡块30的中部穿过闸片托20的通槽23并设置在闸片10的下方并与闸片10的下部相抵接，接着，再使防脱销轴41处于第二限制位置，以进一步限制闸片挡块30的转动。通过防脱销轴41使闸片挡块30能可靠的限制闸片10的位置，从而防止了闸片10从闸片托20上脱落的现象。由于目前的轨道路线并非完全无渣轨道，当轨道车辆在轨道上运行时，轨道上的异物在车轮碾过使可能会弹起击中闸片挡块30，导致闸片挡块30对闸片10限位作用的失效，从而造成闸片10脱落。而采用本实施例中的闸片托组件，当闸片挡块30受到异物撞击或处于其他意外情况时，由于有防脱销轴41位于第二限制位置，将使得闸片挡块30不会发生转动，从而更好地避免了闸片10从闸片托20上脱落的现象，解决了现有技术中的闸片10易从闸片托20上脱落的技术问题，提高了闸片托20上闸片10安装的可靠性与安全性。
具体的，该防脱机构40还包括旋转配合结构42，旋转配合结构42设置在闸片托20的第二侧，并与防脱销轴41连接，旋转配合结构42能够使防脱销轴41通过围绕防脱销轴41的中心轴线的旋转实现防脱销轴41的轴向移动，从而使防脱销轴41具有阻挡闸片挡块30从通槽23内退出的第二限制位置以及允许闸片挡块30从通槽23内退出的第二避让位置；其中，当防脱销轴41处于第二限制位置时，防脱销轴41能够穿过闸片挡块30以限制闸片挡块30移动，或者利用防脱销轴41的外圆面或端部与闸片挡块30的背离闸片10的一侧相抵均可限制闸片挡块30的移动。在本实施例中，利用防脱销轴41的端部与闸片挡块30的背离闸片10的一侧相抵，以缩小闸片挡块30的占用空间，使结构更加紧凑。
其中，旋转配合结构还可以采用丝杆和螺母配合的结构，将防脱销轴41设置为丝杆，闸片托20的第二侧设置有具有内螺纹的支撑座作为设置为螺母，通过丝杆与螺母之间的配合，可以将防脱销轴41通过螺纹旋转实现轴向移动，进而可以使该防脱销轴41能处于第二限制位置或第二避让位置。
如图2所示，旋转配合结构42包括相互啮合的第一齿形部421和第二齿形部422。第一齿形部421设置在防脱销轴41的第一端，第二齿形部422设置在闸片托20的第二侧，防脱销轴41的第一端穿过第二齿形部422并与第一齿形部421连接，防脱销轴41的第二端用于限制闸片挡块30，通过第一齿形部421和第二齿形部422相对转动以改变第一齿形部421相对第二齿形部422之间的轴向距离，从而能够改变防脱销轴41的轴向位置，以使防脱销轴41在第二限制位置和第二避让位置之间移动。具体的，第一齿形部421可以设置为齿套，第二齿形部422设置为棘齿衬套，齿套套设在防脱销轴41的第一端，棘齿衬套通过过盈配合固定在闸片托20的第二侧的支撑架上，当然，棘齿衬套也可以与闸片托20的支撑架制成一体。
如图9所示，在第一齿形部421和第二齿形部422中，其中一个包括基准齿形单元，另一个包括配合齿形单元。即可以设置为第一齿形部421包括基准齿形单元，第二齿形部422包括配合齿形单元；也可以为第一齿形部421包括配合齿形单元，第二齿形部422包括基准齿形单元。具体的，该基准齿形单元包括第一深齿422a和浅齿422b，第一深齿422a的轴向深度大于浅齿422b的轴向深度。配合齿形单元包括第二深齿421a，配合齿形单元中第二深齿421a的轴向深度大于基准齿形单元中浅齿422b的轴向深度，基准齿形单元的第一深齿422a或浅齿422b通过与配合齿形单元的第二深齿421a配合，使防脱销轴41相对于防脱销轴41的中心轴线旋转并锁定在第二限制位置或第二避让位置。
如图3至图6、图9至图12所示，当第二深齿421a转动至第一深齿422a处并与其啮合时，此时，防脱销轴41处于第二限制位置，防脱销轴41将限制闸片挡块30的转动，以使闸片10与闸片托20可靠连接在一起。当第二深齿421a转动至浅齿422b处并与其啮合时，此时，防脱销轴41处于第二避让位置，防脱销轴41不会限制闸片挡块30的转动，以使闸片10能顺利从闸片托20上卸下来。由于深齿的沿第二齿形部422的轴向深度大于浅齿的沿第二齿形部422的轴向深度，使得该防脱销轴41在第二避让位置时的轴向高度高于其在第二限制位置时的轴向高度，且两者之间的高度差刚好为深齿与浅齿之间的高度差。
基准齿形单元的数量和配合齿形单元的数量可根据需要进行设计，在本发明提供的实施例中，且基准齿形单元的数量与配合齿形单元的数量相同，在转动过程中所有的第二深齿421a相对基准齿形单元的位置均相同。采用这样的设置，使得该防脱销轴41转动一定的角度后即可由第二限制位置进入第二避让位置或由第二避让位置进入第二限制位置，使得操作人员能灵活轻松、稳定地操作该防脱机构40。本实施例中的第一齿形部421上沿环形设置了三组配合齿形单元，相应地在第二齿形部422上也设置了三组基准齿形单元。
当然，也可将基准齿形单元的数量与配合齿形单元的数量设置不同，但需保证每组配合齿形单元中的第二深齿421a在周向上与对应的基准齿形单元的相对位置相同，以保证防脱销轴41稳定移动。
为了方便第一齿形部421和第二齿形部422相对转动，可将第一深齿422a的一侧壁设置为直线形，第一深齿422a的另一侧壁为弧形或斜线段，同时，将浅齿422b的一侧壁为直线形，浅齿422b的另一侧壁为弧形或斜线段。为了使第二深齿421a与浅齿422b稳定配合，以使该 防脱销轴41稳定的处于第二避让位置，将浅齿422b的弧形形状与深齿的弧形形状设置一致，且将浅齿422b两个侧壁的夹角和第一深齿422a的两个侧壁的夹角设置一致。
本实施例中的齿形结构均为直线形与弧形的结合，使得防脱销轴41只能顺着齿形结构中的弧形段旋转，齿形结构中的直线形一方面限制了防脱销轴41的转动方向，另一方面也使得防脱销轴41能稳定地保持第二避让位置或第二限制位置，以更好地实现该防脱机构40防止闸片10脱落的效果。
如图13所示，当然，也可将第一深齿422a、所述第二深齿421a以及所述浅齿422b的展开齿形均由两个斜线段构成。如此，使得顺时转动或逆时转动第一齿形部421均能移动防脱销轴41，方便操控。
为了便于使该防脱销轴41顺利的进入第二限制位置或第二避让位置，本实施例中将第一深齿422a和浅齿422b连接设置，且将浅齿422b的直线形侧壁与第一深齿422a的弧形侧壁相连接，其中，第二深齿421a与第一深齿422a结构相适配。
当然，也可在第一深齿422a与浅齿422b之间具有过渡段和/或相邻两组基准齿形单元之间设置过渡段，或者在相邻两个第二深齿421a之间设置过渡段。过渡段可以为水平段或齿形过渡段等。通过设置过渡段可以调节防脱销轴41的移动方式，以适应不同的运动要求。如图14至18所示，在本发明提供的又一实施例中，将齿形过渡段设置在相邻两个第二深齿421a之间。其工作过程变为第二深齿421a与第一深齿422a啮合时，防脱销轴41处于第二限制位置，第二深齿421a转动一定角度后与浅齿422b啮合，此时防脱销轴41处于第二避让位置；第二深齿421a继续转动一定角度后其齿形过渡段与浅齿422b啮合，此时防脱销轴41处于第二限制位置和第二避让位置之间，具体位置依据齿形过渡段的深度决定。
在本实施例中，第一齿形部421(即齿套)和第二齿形部422(即棘齿衬套)均位于闸片挡块30的上方，防脱销轴41沿大致竖直的方向设置在闸片托20的第二侧，防脱销轴41的第一端位于第二端的上方，防脱销轴41的第一端与第一齿形部421通过齿套销423固定连接，当第二深齿421a与第一深齿422a配合时，防脱销轴41的第二端位于第二限制位置，当第二深齿421a与浅齿422b配合时，防脱销轴41的第二端位于第二避让位置。在本实施例中，该齿套销423为开口销结构，该齿套销423用于连接第一齿形部421和防脱销轴41。第一齿形部421上设置有第一销孔，该第一销孔为第一通孔，且成对设置在第一齿形部421上。相应地在防脱销轴41上也相应地设置有第二销孔，该第二销孔为第二通孔，且本实施例中的第二销孔为径向设置。安装该防脱机构40时，先将防脱销轴41的第一端穿过第二齿形部422，再将第一齿形部421套设在防脱销轴41的第一端，随后通过齿套销423将防脱销轴41与第一齿形部421连接在一起。
为了使防脱机构40固定在闸片托20的第二侧，该防脱机构40还包括支撑座43，该支撑座43设置在闸片托20的第二侧，防脱销轴41穿设在支撑座43上，旋转配合结构42设置在防脱销轴41和支撑座43之间。具体的，在本发明实施例中，支撑座43上设置有与第二齿形 部422外径相配合的第三通孔，以使第二齿形部422牢靠的固定于闸片托20上。第二齿形部422与第一齿形部421在配合的同时也限制了防脱销轴41的轴向位置。
在本实施例中，防脱机构40还包括弹性件44，该弹性件44设置在支撑座43与防脱销轴41之间，弹性件44用于向第一齿形部421施加朝向第二齿形部422方向的压力，以使第一齿形部421和第二齿形部422始终保持啮合接触状态。本实施例中的弹性件44为弹簧，弹簧的弹力用于保证第一齿形部421和第二齿形部422的始终啮合。
如图19和图20所示，具体地，防脱销轴41的第一端和第二端之间设置有轴肩411，轴肩411的朝向防脱销轴41的第一端的端面上设置有垫片45，弹性件44的一端与垫片45抵接，弹性件44的另一端与支撑座43的底部抵接。且的弹簧的内径应略大于防脱销轴41的直径，同时该弹簧的内径也应小于轴肩411的外径，以限制弹簧的位置。采用这样的设置，当防脱销轴41顺着齿形结构的斜线方向(即沿第一深齿或浅齿展开齿形的斜线段方向)转动时，由于弹簧的两端均没有与防脱销轴41接触，使得防脱销轴41不会带动弹簧转动，防止了弹簧发生扭转。同时，本实施例中的垫片45也可采用轴承等其他类似零件进行替换，或是在弹簧与防脱销轴41的轴肩、或防脱弹簧与闸片托20支撑座43端面之间接触部位进行充分润滑设计，这样也可以不需要设置垫片等类似零件。
在本发明提供的又一实施例中(图中未示出)，该旋转配合结构也可设置为螺纹配合结构，具体的，在支撑座上设置螺纹孔，在防脱销轴的外周面设置与螺纹孔配合的螺纹段，通过螺纹配合也可实现防脱销轴的移动。
如图7和图8所示，本实施例中的轴肩411的下平面和闸片挡块30的上平面为平行设置，当防脱销轴41位于第二限制位置时，轴肩411的下平面位于闸片挡块30的上平面的上方，通过防脱销轴41周面与闸片挡块30紧密贴合，如此可提高防脱销轴41对闸片挡块30止挡的可靠性，如此以更好地防止闸片10与闸片托20分离。通过设置轴肩411能够为弹性件44提供支撑，并且能够在防脱销轴41上部的旋转配合结构42失效的情况下，能够为其提供垂向支撑，使得防脱销轴41不至于从闸片托20上滑落。
具体地，防脱机构40包括多个支撑座43，多个支撑座43沿竖直方向间隔设置，防脱销轴41顺次穿设在多个支撑座43内。该防脱机构40可以包括一个或多个支撑座43。为了更好地固定防脱销轴41以限制其在轴向上的移动，本实施例中的防脱机构40具有两个支撑座43，且两个支撑座43间隔设置。其中一个支撑座43用于固定第二齿形部422，另一个支撑座43上设置有与防脱销轴41相配合的第四通孔，且该第四通孔的孔径应略大于防脱销轴41的直径，以使防脱销轴41能在轴向上能顺利地移动。由于第一齿形部421设置在防脱销轴41的第一端，因此与第一齿形部421相配合的第二齿形部422也设置在靠近防脱销轴41的第一端处，故用于固定第二齿形部422的支撑座43也相应地设置于靠近防脱销轴41的第一端处。相应的，用于固定和限制防脱销轴41的支撑座43则设置在靠近防脱销轴41的第二端处，即用于固定第二齿形部422的支撑座43设置在用于固定和限制防脱销轴41的支撑座43的上部。
如图21至图23所示，为了便于闸片10和闸片托20的连接，在闸片10的朝向安装面的一侧设置有卡接凸台11，闸片托20的安装面上设置有插槽24，插槽24的朝向闸片挡块30的一侧设有开口，插槽24的与所述开口相对的另一侧为封闭端(在图示方向上看，插槽24的顶部是封闭端，插槽24的下部是开口端)。本实施例中的插槽24为设置有开口的环形槽。将闸片10安装在闸片托20上时，将卡接凸台11由开口进入插槽24内并与插槽24卡接配合，以使闸片10与闸片托20连接在一起。随后，转动闸片挡块30使其处于第一限制位置，以限制卡接凸台11从开口处退出，保证闸片10和闸片托20的可靠连接。
具体地，插槽24的槽口处的宽度小于插槽24的槽底处的宽度，卡接凸台11的结构尺寸与插槽24的结构尺寸相适配，以保证卡接凸台11与插槽24的紧密配合。在本实施例中，该插槽24为燕尾槽结构。
具体地，闸片组件还包括卡簧50，卡簧50设置在闸片挡块30的第二端与闸片托20之间，卡簧50用于对闸片挡块30的第二端在第一限制位置时进行弹性自锁，以使闸片挡块30处于伸入通槽23并与闸片10的卡接凸台11下部相抵接的第一限制位置，本实施例中的卡簧50为U型卡簧50。在本实施例中，在闸片托20的通槽23一侧设置有第一凸起21，在闸片托20的通槽23另一侧设置有第二凸起22，且在第一凸起21处设置有第一开口槽，在第二凸起22处设置有第二开口槽，当闸片挡块30的第一端位于第一开口槽内、第二端位于第二开口槽内时，闸片挡块30处于第一限制位置。为了便于闸片挡块30的第一端的转动，本实施例中的闸片托组件还包括有挡块转销31。同时，在闸片挡块30的第一端上设置有第五通孔，同时在与之相配合的第一开口槽上也设置有相应的第六通孔，以使挡块转销31能顺利穿过第一开口槽上的第六通孔插入闸片挡块30上与之相应的第五通孔内。在在闸片挡块30的第二端上设置有第七通孔，同时在与之相配合的第二开口槽内设置有第八通孔，第七通孔和第八通孔为错位设置，U型卡簧50的一端穿入闸片挡块30的第二端上的第七通孔，U型卡簧50的另一端穿入第二开口槽的第八通孔内。本实施例中的U型卡簧50具有一定弹性，能够对闸片挡块30提供一定的锁紧力，可以限制闸片挡块30的随意转动，使闸片挡块30处于第一限制位置，即处于伸入通槽23并与设置在闸片10背部的卡接凸台11下部相抵接的状态，从而使闸片10固定在闸片托20上。
当需要从闸片托20上移出闸片10时，可以采用常规工具(如螺丝刀等)使U型卡簧50扭转一定的角度后，能够允许闸片挡块30离开第一限制位置，即可以让闸片挡块30退出通槽23，从而使闸片10的卡接凸台11能从插槽24内退出。
当闸片挡块30处于第一避让位置时，U型卡簧50可以限制闸片挡块30的转动范围，以使闸片10的卡接凸台11能从插槽24内退出。当闸片挡块30处于第一限制位置时，闸片挡块30可以提供一定的锁紧力，以防止闸片挡块30的随意转动。
在本实施例中，闸片托组件还包括上销轴组件，该上销轴组件主要包括上销轴60、上销轴垫片70和上销轴限位销80。上销轴60一端具有法兰面，另一端沿径向开有孔。上销轴60安装在闸片托20的第一衬套孔和第二衬套孔内，其法兰面与第一衬套孔的端面贴合以防止上销轴60向下脱落。当上销轴60装入第一、第二衬套孔后，将上销轴垫片70从上销轴60远 离法兰面的一端套入，随后将上销轴限位销80部分装入上销轴60的开孔内，上销轴限位销80伸出上销轴60的部分将限制上销轴垫片70垂向脱落。
为了方便该防脱销轴41的转动，在防脱销轴41上还设计有便于工具旋转的结构，因此，可以在防脱销轴41的第二端的端面设计有内六角沉孔，也可采用六角头设计、工艺孔或工艺槽等设计方式。
如图3所示，当防脱机构40处于防脱锁定状态时，防脱销轴41处于第二限制位置，此时，第一齿形部421的第二深齿421a与第二齿形部422的第一深齿422a配合，以使防脱销轴41周面与闸片挡块30的第一平面相贴合，从而使得闸片挡块30无法转动打开。此时，即使卡簧50失效，依然可确保闸片挡块30对闸片10的锁定作用，以使闸片挡块30稳定地处于第一限制位置。
如图4至图6所示，当需要拆卸或更换闸片10时，则需要取消防脱销轴41对闸片挡块30的转动限位，以使防脱销轴41处于第二避让位置。此时，通过转动防脱销轴41，使得第一齿形部421上的第二深齿421a沿第二齿形部422的第一深齿422a的斜齿面滑动，同时带动防脱销轴41一起一边旋转一边上升。
当防脱销轴41转动到第一齿形部421与第二齿形部422的齿面啮合最高位置时，防脱销轴41压缩弹性件44也达到最高位置，随后在弹性件44的作用下，防脱销轴41和第一齿形部421下落，第一齿形部421的第二深齿421a与第二齿形部422的浅齿422b配合并保持稳定状态。相比于第二限制位置，处于第二避让位置时的防脱销轴41与第一齿形部421的位置提升了一定高度，且该提升高度为第二齿形部422的第一深齿422a与浅齿422b的高度之差。此时，防脱销轴41无法对闸片挡块30进行限位。此时通过扳动卡簧50可将闸片挡块30转动打开，进而卸下闸片10。
在本发明的又一实施例中，如图24所示，闸片托组件包括闸片托20、支持销91、开口销92、弹簧93、闸片托挡套94、弹性销95、闸片挡块30和卡簧50，闸片托20上装有制动闸片，闸片托20接口采用UIC标准的燕尾式接口，制动闸片为粉末冶金闸片，闸片托20的上部设有与制动夹钳杠杆的第二凹形架的上支臂配合安装的上部销轴安装座，上部销轴安装座上制有与上部支持销91相配合的上部销轴孔，上部支持销91的下端制有与开口销92相配合的开口销92孔，闸片托20的下部设有与制动夹钳杠杆的第二凹形架的下支臂配合安装的下部销轴安装座，下部销轴安装座上制有与下部支持销91相配合的下部销轴孔，下部支持销91的下端装有闸片托20挡套，闸片托20挡套上设置有用于固定下部支持销91的弹性销95，下部支持销91上位于闸片托20挡套上方套有弹簧93，闸片托20上位于闸片托20挡套处设有闸片挡块30，闸片托20通过卡簧50与闸片挡块30连接。
在本发明又一实施例中，提供了一种闸片组件，包括闸片托组件，该闸片托组件为上述实施例中提供的闸片托组件，且该闸片托组件能有效使闸片10与闸片托20稳定的连接在一起。使用本实施例中的闸片组件时，需要将闸片10安装在闸片托20上，而后使防脱销轴41处于第二限制位置，以防止闸片10从闸片托20上脱落。采用本实施例中的制动装置，防脱 机构40具有防脱锁定状态和闸片10拆卸状态，且使得其处于锁定状态时能够使闸片10和闸片托20的连接更为牢靠。
如图25所示，在本发明又一实施例中，提供了一种制动装置，具体是一种制动夹钳，包括闸片托组件，具体地，该闸片托组件为上述实施例提供的闸片托组件。
在本发明又一实施例中，提供了一种轨道车辆，包括闸片托组件，具体地，该闸片托组件为上述实施例提供的闸片托组件。
需要注意的是，这里所使用的术语仅是为了描述具体实施方式，而非意图限制根据本申请的示例性实施方式。如在这里所使用的，除非上下文另外明确指出，否则单数形式也意图包括复数形式，此外，还应当理解的是，当在本说明书中使用术语“包含”和/或“包括”时，其指明存在特征、步骤、操作、器件、组件和/或它们的组合。
除非另外具体说明，否则在这些实施例中阐述的部件和步骤的相对布置、数字表达式和数值不限制本发明的范围。同时，应当明白，为了便于描述，附图中所示出的各个部分的尺寸并不是按照实际的比例关系绘制的。对于相关领域普通技术人员已知的技术、方法和设备可能不作详细讨论，但在适当情况下，所述技术、方法和设备应当被视为授权说明书的一部分。在这里示出和讨论的所有示例中，任何具体值应被解释为仅仅是示例性的，而不是作为限制。因此，示例性实施例的其它示例可以具有不同的值。应注意到：相似的标号和字母在下面的附图中表示类似项，因此，一旦某一项在一个附图中被定义，则在随后的附图中不需要对其进行进一步讨论。
在本发明的描述中，需要理解的是，方位词如“前、后、上、下、左、右”、“横向、竖向、垂直、水平”和“顶、底”等所指示的方位或位置关系通常是基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，在未作相反说明的情况下，这些方位词并不指示和暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位或者以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明保护范围的限制；方位词“内、外”是指相对于各部件本身的轮廓的内外。
为了便于描述，在这里可以使用空间相对术语，如“在……之上”、“在……上方”、“在……上表面”、“上面的”等，用来描述如在图中所示的一个器件或特征与其他器件或特征的空间位置关系。应当理解的是，空间相对术语旨在包含除了器件在图中所描述的方位之外的在使用或操作中的不同方位。例如，如果附图中的器件被倒置，则描述为“在其他器件或构造上方”或“在其他器件或构造之上”的器件之后将被定位为“在其他器件或构造下方”或“在其他器件或构造之下”。因而，示例性术语“在……上方”可以包括“在……上方”和“在……下方”两种方位。该器件也可以其他不同方式定位(旋转90度或处于其他方位)，并且对这里所使用的空间相对描述作出相应解释。
此外，需要说明的是，使用“第一”、“第二”等词语来限定零部件，仅仅是为了便于对相应零部件进行区别，如没有另行声明，上述词语并没有特殊含义，因此不能理解为对本发明保护范围的限制。
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本发明，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本发明可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种闸片托组件，所述闸片托组件包括：
    闸片托(20)，具有相对设置的第一侧和第二侧，所述闸片托(20)的第一侧具有与闸片(10)配合安装的安装面，所述闸片托(20)上设置有通槽(23)；
    可伸入所述通槽(23)的闸片挡块(30)，所述闸片挡块(30)的两端位于所述闸片托(20)的第二侧，所述闸片挡块(30)的第一端与所述闸片托(20)转动连接，所述闸片挡块(30)的第二端与所述闸片托(20)可拆卸连接，所述闸片挡块(30)具有伸入所述通槽(23)以限制所述闸片(10)移动的第一限制位置和远离所述通槽(23)以允许所述闸片(10)移出的第一避让位置；
    其特征在于，所述闸片托组件还包括防脱机构(40)，所述防脱机构(40)包括防脱销轴(41)，所述防脱销轴(41)可活动地设置在所述闸片托(20)的第二侧，所述防脱销轴(41)具有阻挡所述闸片挡块(30)移动的第二限制位置以及允许所述闸片挡块(30)移动的第二避让位置，当所述防脱销轴(41)位于所述第二限制位置时，所述防脱销轴(41)穿过所述闸片挡块(30)或与所述闸片挡块(30)的背离所述闸片(10)的一侧相抵。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的闸片托组件，其特征在于，所述防脱机构(40)还包括：
    旋转配合结构(42)，所述旋转配合结构(42)设置在所述闸片托(20)的第二侧，并与所述防脱销轴(41)连接，所述旋转配合结构(42)能够使所述防脱销轴(41)通过围绕所述防脱销轴(41)的中心轴线的旋转实现轴向移动，从而使所述防脱销轴(41)在所述第二限制位置和所述第二避让位置之间移动。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的闸片托组件，其特征在于，所述旋转配合结构(42)包括相互啮合的第一齿形部(421)和第二齿形部(422)，所述第一齿形部(421)设置在所述防脱销轴(41)的第一端，所述第二齿形部(422)设置在所述闸片托(20)上。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的闸片托组件，其特征在于，所述第一齿形部(421)和所述第二齿形部(422)中，其中一个包括基准齿形单元，另一个包括配合齿形单元，所述基准齿形单元包括第一深齿(422a)和浅齿(422b)，所述第一深齿(422a)的轴向深度大于所述浅齿(422b)的轴向深度，所述配合齿形单元包括第二深齿(421a)，所述配合齿形单元中第二深齿(421a)的轴向深度大于所述基准齿形单元中浅齿(422b)的轴向深度，所述基准齿形单元的第一深齿(422a)或浅齿(422b)通过与所述配合齿形单元的第二深齿(421a)配合，使所述防脱销轴(41)相对于所述防脱销轴(41)的中心轴线旋转并锁定在所述第二限制位置或所述第二避让位置。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的闸片托组件，其特征在于，所述基准齿形单元包括多组，所述配合齿形单元包括多组，所述基准齿形单元的数量与所述配合齿形单元的数量相同，且一一对应设置。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的闸片托组件，其特征在于，所述基准齿形单元的数量与所述配合齿形单元的数量不同，每组所述配合齿形单元中的第二深齿(421a)在周向上与对应的所述基准齿形单元的相对位置相同。
  7. 根据权利要求4所述的闸片托组件，其特征在于，所述第一深齿(422a)、所述第二深齿(421a)以及所述浅齿(422b)的展开齿形均包含有一个斜线段和一个直线段，所述第一深齿(422a)、所述第二深齿(421a)和所述浅齿(422b)的斜线段的倾斜方向相同。
  8. 根据权利要求4所述的闸片托组件，其特征在于，所述第一深齿(422a)、所述第二深齿(421a)以及所述浅齿(422b)的展开齿形均由两个斜线段构成。
  9. 根据权利要求4所述的闸片托组件，其特征在于，所述第一深齿(422a)和所述浅齿(422b)为连续齿形结构。
  10. 根据权利要求4所述的闸片托组件，其特征在于，所述第一深齿(422a)与所述浅齿(422b)之间具有过渡段和/或相邻两组所述基准齿形单元之间具有过渡段，或相邻两组所述配合齿形单元之间具有过渡段。
  11. 根据权利要求2所述的闸片托组件，其特征在于，所述防脱机构(40)还包括：
    支撑座(43)，设置在所述闸片托(20)的第二侧，所述防脱销轴(41)穿设在所述支撑座(43)上，所述旋转配合结构(42)设置在所述防脱销轴(41)和所述支撑座(43)之间。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的闸片托组件，其特征在于，所述支撑座上设置有螺纹孔，所述防脱销轴的外周面设置有与所述螺纹孔配合的螺纹段，所述螺纹孔和所述螺纹段形成所述旋转配合结构。
  13. 根据权利要求11所述的闸片托组件，其特征在于，所述旋转配合结构(42)包括相互啮合的第一齿形部(421)和第二齿形部(422)，所述第一齿形部(421)设置在所述防脱销轴(41)的第一端，所述第二齿形部(422)设置在所述支撑座(43)上，所述防脱销轴(41)的第二端穿过所述支撑座(43)并朝所述闸片挡块(30)延伸。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的闸片托组件，其特征在于，所述防脱机构(40)还包括：
    弹性件(44)，设置在所述支撑座(43)与所述防脱销轴(41)之间，所述弹性件(44)用于向所述第一齿形部(421)施加朝向所述第二齿形部(422)方向的压力。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的闸片托组件，其特征在于，所述防脱销轴(41)的第一端和第二端之间设置有轴肩，所述弹性件(44)的一端与所述轴肩抵接，所述弹性件(44)的另一端与所述支撑座(43)抵接。
  16. 根据权利要求3所述的闸片托组件，其特征在于，所述闸片托组件还包括：
    齿套，套设在所述防脱销轴(41)的第一端，所述齿套的靠近所述防脱销轴(41) 第二端的一侧设置有所述第一齿形部(421)；
    棘齿衬套，设置在所述闸片托(20)上，所述防脱销轴(41)的第二端穿设在所述棘齿衬套内，所述棘齿衬套的靠近所述防脱销轴(41)第一端的一侧设置有所述第二齿形部(422)。
  17. 一种闸片组件，包括闸片托组件和闸片(10)，其特征在于，所述闸片托组件为权利要求1至16中任一项所述的闸片托组件，所述闸片(10)可拆卸地设置在所述闸片托组件的闸片托(20)的第一侧。
  18. 一种制动装置，包括闸片托组件，其特征在于，所述闸片托组件为权利要求1至16中任一项所述的闸片托组件。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的制动装置，其特征在于，所述制动装置为制动夹钳。
  20. 一种轨道车辆，包括闸片托组件，其特征在于，所述闸片托组件为权利要求1至16中任一项所述的闸片托组件。
PCT/CN2017/116648 2016-12-15 2017-12-15 闸片托组件、闸片组件、制动装置以及轨道车辆 WO2018108170A1 (zh)

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