WO2018105390A1 - 流動物が収容されているパッケージ - Google Patents
流動物が収容されているパッケージ Download PDFInfo
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- WO2018105390A1 WO2018105390A1 PCT/JP2017/041873 JP2017041873W WO2018105390A1 WO 2018105390 A1 WO2018105390 A1 WO 2018105390A1 JP 2017041873 W JP2017041873 W JP 2017041873W WO 2018105390 A1 WO2018105390 A1 WO 2018105390A1
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- Y10T428/1352—Polymer or resin containing [i.e., natural or synthetic]
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a package comprising a container body in which a fluid is accommodated, and more specifically, a coating layer of a lubricating liquid is formed on the inner surface of the container body to improve slipperiness against the fluid. It is about the package that has been.
- Plastic containers are widely used for various applications because they are easy to mold and can be manufactured at low cost.
- a bottle-shaped olefin resin container in which the inner surface of the container wall is formed of an olefin resin such as low density polyethylene and is formed by direct blow molding is a viscous material such as ketchup from the viewpoint that the contents can be easily squeezed out. It is suitably used as a container for containing slurry-like or paste-like contents.
- the bottles may be stored in an inverted state so that the contents can be discharged quickly or used up to the end without remaining in the bottle. There are many. Therefore, when the bottle is turned upside down, there is a demand for the characteristic that the viscous contents do not remain attached to the inner wall surface of the bottle and fall quickly.
- Patent Document 1 proposes a container in which hydrophobic oxide fine particles having an average primary particle diameter of 3 to 100 nm are attached to the inner surface.
- Patent Document 2 discloses a water-repellent film having a structure in which oxide fine particles having an average particle diameter of 5 nm to 100 nm are dispersed and attached to the surface of a resin film formed of resin particles having an average particle diameter of 1 ⁇ m to 20 ⁇ m. A lid formed on the surface has been proposed.
- fine irregularities are formed on the surface in contact with the contents, and water repellency (hydrophobicity) is expressed by the fine irregular surfaces. That is, in addition to the hydrophobicity of the material forming the uneven surface, an air layer is formed in the voids existing on the uneven surface, and this air layer has higher water repellency than the material forming the container. As a result, non-adhesiveness with respect to the aqueous content is enhanced.
- Patent Document 3 proposes a container in which irregularities are formed on the inner surface and a liquid is stably held on the irregularities.
- a container stably holds a liquid layer on the inner surface of the container by utilizing the uneven capillary phenomenon, and the liquid layer improves the slipperiness with respect to the contents.
- there is a difficulty in means for forming irregularities on the inner surface of the container That is, since the unevenness retains the liquid by capillary action, the pitch is extremely small and the height of the unevenness is considerably high with respect to the pitch. If it is not such a form, the capillary force is not dominant and the liquid falls due to gravity.
- the unevenness of such a form is formed by means of post-processing after forming the container body, for example, spraying a liquid in which fine particles for forming the unevenness are dispersed or etching. For this reason, in a container having a form such as a bottle, the process for forming irregularities after forming the container becomes extremely complicated, and a significant increase in cost and the like is inevitable.
- Patent Document 4 Such a container also has irregularities formed on the inner surface, and a liquid layer of lubricating liquid is formed on the inner surface of such irregularities, and this liquid layer is used to improve slipperiness with respect to the contents of the container. Then, it is the same as the technique of said patent document 3. FIG. However, this Patent Document 4 forms a locally protruding portion on the surface of the liquid layer, specifically, the irregularities on the inner surface of the container are reflected on the surface of the liquid layer, and the convexity on the inner surface of the container is reflected.
- the portion has an important feature in that a portion protruding locally on the surface of the liquid layer is formed. That is, the liquid layer formed here is a thin layer that wets the inner surface of the container.
- the container contents flow through the part where such a liquid layer is formed, the container contents are present between the liquid layer (the part protruding locally) and the liquid layer protruding locally. It will flow in contact with the air layer.
- the more superior slipperiness is exhibited.
- Patent Document 4 can greatly improve the slipperiness with respect to the contents of the container, but it should be noted that the inner surface of the container is not affected by post-processing after the container is formed. That is, it can be produced by mixing the resin to be formed with fine particles that become a surface roughening agent and molding a container.
- the unevenness is sufficient as long as the liquid is wet enough to wet the inner surface of the container, and does not cause a capillary force to hold the liquid between the unevenness. Therefore, the pitch is large, for example, larger than the height of the unevenness.
- a liquid layer is formed by an internal addition means in which a lubricating liquid is mixed with the resin for forming a container to form a container. That is, the liquid layer is formed by bleeding from the resin layer that forms the inner surface of the container.
- Such an internal addition means is certainly advantageous for the formation of a thin liquid layer, but it is difficult to form a uniform thickness on the entire inner surface, and a part where the liquid layer does not exist partially is formed. Since the irregularities on the inner surface do not have liquid holding power, a liquid layer with an excessive thickness may be formed partially. For this reason, the slipperiness with respect to the contents tends to vary, and further improvement is necessary.
- the present inventors previously proposed a package in which irregularities are formed over the entire inner surface of the container main body, and the irregular surfaces are covered with a lubricating liquid (WO2017 / 056820).
- the lubricating liquid is held by the concavo-convex surface, and in a state where the lubricating liquid is held upright, the peripheral portion of the upper end surface of the fluid contained in the container main body is placed on the periphery of the lubricating liquid. It is characterized in that a liquid pool is formed.
- the slipperiness with respect to the fluid by the lubricating liquid is stably exhibited, and the liquid can be quickly discharged, and can be easily manufactured without increasing the cost.
- the present inventors have found that characteristics such as the wettability of the fluid contained in the container body, the wettability of the lubricating liquid covering the inner surface of the container body, etc. In the case where there is a certain relationship between these characteristics, the inventors have found an extremely surprising finding that the dischargeability of the fluid from the container body can be remarkably improved without making the inner surface of the container body rough.
- JP 2010-254377 A Japanese Patent No. 4878650 JP-T-2015-510857 Japanese Patent No. 5673870
- an object of the present invention is to comprise a container body that contains a fluid, and the inner surface of the container body is coated with a lubricating liquid, so that the fluid is highly discharged and increases costs.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a package that can be easily manufactured.
- the present invention in the package consisting of the container body in which the fluid is accommodated so as to leave the head space, The inner surface of the container body is coated with a lubricant that is immiscible with the fluid, and a coating layer of the lubricant is interposed between the inner surface and the fluid.
- a pool of the lubricating liquid forming the coating layer is formed at the peripheral edge of the upper end surface of the fluid contained in the container main body.
- a package is provided wherein a contact angle of the lubricating liquid with respect to the inner surface is smaller than a contact angle of the fluid with respect to the inner surface.
- the fluid is a viscous material having a viscosity of 100 mPa ⁇ s or more at 25 ° C.
- the first feature of the package of the present invention is that, in the upright state of the container body, a lubricating liquid pool is formed at the peripheral edge portion of the upper end surface of the fluid contained in the container body. . That is, since such a pool of lubricating liquid is formed at the peripheral edge of the upper end of the fluid, when the container is tilted and the fluid is discharged, the fluid is always discharged in contact with the lubricating liquid. Means that Moreover, in the present invention, a coating layer of the lubricating liquid is formed on the inner surface of the container body.
- the lubricating liquid in contact with the fluid behaves integrally with the fluid, and when the container body is returned to the upright state, the fluid body and the fluid body are integrated along the inner surface of the container body. It will flow back and be present in the container body in contact with the fluid remaining without being discharged.
- a stable slipperiness is always exhibited.
- the above-described liquid reservoir of the lubricating liquid is formed by the drop of the lubricating liquid covering the inner surface (smooth surface) of the head space portion.
- the layer of the lubricating liquid covering the inner surface of the container body can be formed by spraying an excessive amount of the lubricating liquid onto the inner surface of the container body. That is, it is not necessary to add a roughening agent to the resin to form irregularities on the inner surface of the container or to form irregularities on the inner surface of the container by post-processing.
- the coating layer of the lubricating liquid can be formed by an easy means of spraying, and the characteristics of the lubricating liquid can be easily achieved without using complicated and costly means such as making the degree of unevenness uniform. A stable package is obtained.
- a second feature is that a contact angle of the lubricating liquid with respect to the inner surface is smaller than a contact angle of the fluid with respect to the inner surface. That is, in the present invention, the liquid reservoir as described above is formed, and at the same time, the fluid contained in the container body and the lubricating liquid covering the inner surface of the container body satisfy the above relationship. Is selected. Thereby, when the container body is tilted and the fluid is discharged, the fluid quickly peels off from the inner surface located on the upper side of the tilted container body. That is, the inner surface of the container main body is improved in peelability with respect to the fluid, and can exhibit remarkably excellent discharge properties in combination with the above-mentioned slipperiness.
- the package of the present invention stably improves the slipperiness with respect to the fluid by selecting and using an appropriate lubricating liquid so as to satisfy the above relationship according to the type of the fluid contained in the container body.
- a viscous liquid for example, a viscous substance (ketchup, mayonnaise, dressing, etc.) having a viscosity of 100 mPa ⁇ s (25 ° C.) or higher.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view (upper part (side to be peeled)) showing a state when the main part of the package of the present invention and the fluid are discharged.
- the figure which shows the whole form of the direct blow bottle which is the most suitable form of the container main body in the package of this invention.
- the package of the present invention comprises a container body 1 in which a fluid 3 is accommodated, and is particularly shown in FIGS. 1 (A) and 2 (A).
- the upper end of the container body 1 is sealed with a sealing foil 5 and appropriately closed with a lid (not shown), and the upper end surface of the fluid 3 and the container body 1 A head space 7 is formed between the upper end (seal foil 5).
- FIG. 3 A preferred example of the container body 1 as described above is a direct blow bottle, and this form is shown in FIG.
- a direct blow bottle (corresponding to the container body 1 in FIGS. 1 and 2) generally indicated by 10 has a neck portion 11 provided with a thread and a body wall 15 connected to the neck portion 11 via a shoulder portion 13. And a bottom wall 17 that closes the lower end of the body wall 15.
- the opening at the upper end of the bottle is filled with the fluid 3 (not shown in FIG. 3) and then closed by a sealing member 19 such as an aluminum foil (corresponding to the sealing foil 5 in FIG. 1), and further the cap 20 is screwed to ensure sealing performance.
- a sealing member 19 such as an aluminum foil (corresponding to the sealing foil 5 in FIG. 1), and further the cap 20 is screwed to ensure sealing performance.
- Such a bottle 10 is preferably used for containing a viscous fluid, and squeezes the body wall 15 to discharge the viscous substance contained therein.
- the inner surface 1a of the container body 1 may be a rough surface or a smooth surface. In the example of the figure, it is shown as a smooth surface.
- a smooth surface 1a is covered with a lubricating liquid 30 that improves slipperiness with respect to the fluid 3, and the lubricating liquid 30 is interposed between the fluid 3 and the inner surface 1a of the container body 1.
- the lubricant 30 and the fluid 3 are selected so that the contact angle of the lubricant 30 with respect to the inner surface 1a is smaller than the contact angle of the fluid 3 with respect to the inner surface 1a.
- the peripheral edge of the upper end surface of the fluid 3 in the upright state of the container body 1 A liquid reservoir 31 of the lubricating liquid 30 is formed in the part. That is, in the upright state, the lubricating liquid 30 covering the inner surface 1a of the portion corresponding to the head space 7 positioned above the fluid 3 flows down, so that a liquid pool 31 of the lubricating liquid 30 is formed. That is why.
- the thickness of the lubricating liquid 30 covering the inner surface 1a ′ located in the portion corresponding to the head space 7 is such that the lubricating liquid 30 in the portion sandwiched between the fluid 3 and the container inner surface 1a It is thinner than the thickness.
- the liquid reservoir 31 formed as described above stably exhibits excellent slipperiness.
- the container body 1 is tilted after the sealing foil 5 is peeled off, thereby forming a liquid reservoir 31.
- the lubricating liquid 30 that has flowed down to the upper end portion of the container body 1 along the inner surface 1a (1a ′) of the portion corresponding to the head space 7.
- the fluid 3 is discharged.
- the lubricating liquid 30 forming the liquid reservoir 31 flows down and the portion corresponding to the head space 7 is removed.
- a thick film 30a of the lubricating liquid 30 is formed on the inner surface 1a ′.
- the fluid 3 is discharged together with a part of the lubricating liquid 30 while being in contact with the thickened film 30a of the lubricating liquid 30 or slips on the thickened film 30a of the lubricating liquid 30. Become. As a result, the inner surface of the container stably exhibits excellent slipperiness with respect to the fluid 3. Further, when the container main body 1 is returned to the upright state after discharging a certain amount of the fluid 3, the flow resistance received by the lubricating liquid 30 is small, so that it quickly flows down into the container main body 1 together with the lubricating liquid 30. The fluid 3 that has not been discharged falls quickly into the container body 1.
- the lubricating liquid 30 covering the inner surface of the portion corresponding to the head space 7 gradually falls with time, and again As shown in FIG. 1 (A), a liquid pool 31 is formed at the peripheral edge of the upper end surface of the fluid 3, and when the fluid 3 is discharged next time, the fluid 3 is quickly discharged as in the initial stage. Can do.
- the contact angle with respect to the inner surface 1a of the container main body 1 which is the base of the lubricating liquid 30 is smaller than the contact angle with respect to the inner surface 1a of the fluid, and the flow resistance of the lubricating liquid 30 is extremely small. Therefore, the fluid 3 accommodated in the container body 1 is quickly discharged from the container body 1 together with the lubricating liquid 30. Even if the fluid 3 is a viscous substance, the fluid 3 is discharged without remaining in the container body 1.
- the lubricating liquid 30 enters between the fluid 3 and the container body 1, and the fluid 3 and the container body 1 are easily separated.
- the liquid reservoir 31 is small or absent, the flowability between the fluid 3 and the container main body 1 as described above does not occur, so that the peelability is extremely low.
- the formation of the lubricating liquid pool enables stable and excellent discharge due to the synergistic effect of improving slipperiness and peelability.
- the inner surface 1a of the container main body 1 described above is shown as a smooth surface, but may be rough as long as the above behavior is not hindered.
- the material for forming the inner surface 1a of the container body 1 is not particularly limited, and can be selected and used according to the use / content such as thermoplastic resin, thermosetting resin, glass, metal, etc. In view of suppressing excessive consumption, it is preferably formed of a thermoplastic resin.
- the thermoplastic resin is not particularly limited as long as it can be molded into a container form.
- olefinic resins such as low density polyethylene, linear low density polyethylene, medium or high density polyethylene, polypropylene, poly 1-butene, poly 4-methyl-1-pentene, and copolymers of these olefins Resin; Polyester resin such as polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, polyethylene terephthalate / isophthalate, etc. is preferable, and these are also suitable for forming the outer surface of the container.
- polyester resin such as polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, polyethylene terephthalate / isophthalate, etc. is preferable, and these are also suitable for forming the outer surface of the container.
- the container body 1 is used as a direct blow bottle as shown in FIG. 3, it is suitable for squeezing the contents, and is representative of low density polyethylene and linear low density polyethylene. It is preferable to use an olefin resin.
- the inner surface 1a of the container main body 1 formed of the thermoplastic resin does not need to be a rough surface. Therefore, although it is not necessary to mix
- the surface that exhibits slipperiness is roughened and the surface that exhibits releasability is smooth, that is, the lower surface is roughened, in order to encourage the fluid to start moving.
- a surface facing the lower side can be a smooth surface.
- an inorganic material such as silica that functions as a roughening agent may be added to the inner surface resin.
- the particles to be blended are not particularly limited as long as the average particle diameter is in the above range, but generally, for example, metal oxide particles such as titanium oxide, alumina and silica; carbonate particles such as calcium carbonate; carbon black and the like Typical examples include carbon-based fine particles; organic fine particles composed of polymethyl (meth) acrylate, polyethylene, silicones such as polyorganosilsesquioxane, and the like. These particles may be hydrophobized with a silane coupling agent or silicone oil. In the present invention, since it can be carried out also by extrusion molding typified by direct blow molding, it is only necessary to maintain the particle diameter after melt molding. For example, fine particles that have been hydrophobized, particularly hydrophobic silica, polymethyl Methacrylate cured products, ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene, polyorganosilsesquioxane, and silicone particles are preferably used.
- the container body 1 may have a single layer structure of the above-mentioned thermoplastic resin or a multilayer structure.
- a gas barrier resin layer can be formed as an intermediate layer between the inner surface layer and the outer surface layer of the container body 1 to suppress deterioration of contents due to gas permeation of oxygen or the like.
- the gas barrier resin examples include ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer (saponified ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer), aromatic polyamide, and cyclic polyolefin.
- ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer is most preferable because it exhibits particularly excellent oxygen barrier properties.
- the ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer as described above is generally an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer having an ethylene content of 20 to 60 mol%, particularly 25 to 50 mol%, and a saponification degree of 96 mol% or more.
- a saponified copolymer obtained by saponification to be 99 mol% or more is preferred.
- gas barrier resins described above can be used alone or in combination of two or more. Moreover, in order to improve the adhesiveness with the inner surface layer and the outer surface layer, polyolefin such as polyethylene may be blended with the gas barrier resin as long as the gas barrier property is not impaired.
- the layer between these layers and the gas barrier resin layer is used. It is preferable to provide an adhesive resin layer.
- the adhesive resin used for forming such an adhesive resin layer include those known per se, for example, a carbonyl group (> C ⁇ O) of 1 to 100 meq / 100 g, particularly 10 to 100 meq, in the main chain or side chain. A resin containing in an amount of / 100 g can be used.
- an olefin resin graft-modified with a carboxylic acid such as maleic acid, itaconic acid or fumaric acid or an anhydride thereof, an amide or an ester
- a carboxylic acid such as maleic acid, itaconic acid or fumaric acid or an anhydride thereof, an amide or an ester
- an ethylene-acrylic acid copolymer such as maleic acid, itaconic acid or fumaric acid or an anhydride thereof, an amide or an ester
- an ethylene-acrylic acid copolymer such as maleic acid, itaconic acid or fumaric acid or an anhydride thereof, an amide or an ester
- an ethylene-acrylic acid copolymer such as maleic acid, itaconic acid or fumaric acid or an anhydride thereof, an amide or an ester
- an ethylene-acrylic acid copolymer such as maleic acid, itaconic acid or fumaric acid or an anhydride thereof, an
- Each layer described above is set to a known thickness so that the characteristics required for the layer are exhibited.
- additives such as an antioxidant, a surfactant, and a colorant may be appropriately blended in the resin for forming each layer as long as the characteristics of each layer are not impaired.
- the container main body 1 may have various forms as long as the liquid reservoir 31 can be formed when the inner surface 1a is coated with the lubricating liquid 30, and may have, for example, a bottle or a cup.
- a container body 1 is formed into a predetermined container shape by post-processing such as blow molding, plug assist molding, and vacuum molding after forming a preform by extrusion molding using the resin that forms each layer described above. It is manufactured by doing.
- the container body 1 is optimally in the form of a direct blow bottle suitable for discharging a viscous fluid as shown in FIG.
- Such a direct blow bottle forms a tube-shaped preform by extrusion molding, closes one end of the preform by pinching off, and then blows a blow fluid such as air into the preform to shape it into a bottle shape. It is manufactured by doing.
- the lubricating liquid 30 As said lubricating liquid 30, what has an appropriate surface characteristic is used according to the kind of the fluid 3 with which the container main body 1 is filled, However, Such a lubricating liquid 30 is naturally the fluid 3 and It must be immiscible. In the present invention, the fact that the lubricating liquid 30 is immiscible with the fluid 3 means that the lubricating liquid 30 does not immediately disperse in the fluid 3 even when the lubricating liquid 30 comes into contact with the fluid 3 and exists as the lubricating liquid 30. It means to do. Furthermore, the lubricating liquid 30 must be a non-volatile liquid having a low vapor pressure under atmospheric pressure, for example, a high boiling point liquid having a boiling point of 200 ° C. or higher. This is because when a volatile liquid is used as the lubricating liquid 30, it easily evaporates and disappears with time, making it difficult to improve the slipperiness with respect to the fluid 3.
- a lubricating liquid 30 is various ones on the condition that the liquid has a high boiling point as described above and that the contact angle with the inner surface 1a is smaller than the contact angle with the inner surface 1a of the fluid 3.
- the lubricating liquid 30 having a surface tension greatly different from that of the fluid 3 to be slidable has a higher lubricating effect and is suitable for the present invention.
- the fluid 3 is water or a hydrophilic substance containing water
- fluorine liquid, fluorine surfactant, silicone oil, fatty acid triglyceride, various vegetable oils and the like can be mentioned.
- This vegetable oil includes soybean oil, rapeseed oil, olive oil, rice oil, corn oil, ben flower oil, sesame oil, palm oil, castor oil, avocado oil, coconut oil, almond oil, walnut oil, sandwich oil, salad oil, etc. It can be suitably used. Moreover, you may blend and use said liquid.
- the lubricating liquid selected from the above preferably has high wettability with respect to the inner surface 1a (small contact angle with respect to the inner surface 1a). Further, the lubricating liquid constituting the liquid pool 31 may be different from the lubricating liquid covering the inner surface 1a.
- the contact angle referred to in the present invention refers to an angle formed by the liquid surface and the solid surface at the boundary line where these three phases contact when the solid inner surface, the liquid and the gas are in contact.
- the coating layer of the lubricating liquid 30 on the inner surface 1a and form the liquid pool 31 it is important that a certain amount of excess lubricating liquid 30 is accommodated.
- the excess lubricating liquid may be added after filling the fluid or before filling. Examples of the adding method include spraying, extruding at the same time as the molten resin, discharging at the same time as the contents, and bleeding by addition in the resin.
- the lubricating liquid that forms the liquid pool 31 is applied later as a surplus. It becomes.
- the lubricating liquid 30 is used to coat the inner surface 1a of the container body 1, but when the fluid 3 is filled, the peripheral portion of the fluid 3 facing the head space 7 is filled. Such coating is performed by applying an excessive amount of the lubricating liquid 30 to the inner surface 1a of the container body 1 so that the liquid reservoir 31 is formed (see FIG. 1A). That is, as shown in FIG.
- this lubricating liquid 30 it is necessary to apply this lubricating liquid 30 to the entire inner surface of the container body 1 by spraying.
- the coating amount including excess, on average, 0.1 g / m 2 or more, particularly preferably set to 0.1 ⁇ 10g / m 2 approximately.
- the smooth surface 1a will be in the state completely covered with the lubricating liquid 30. Therefore, as long as the liquid reservoir 31 is formed, the inner surface 1a may be a rough surface.
- the spraying of the lubricating liquid 30 may be performed with the container body 1 held in an upright state or in an inverted state. You may carry out in the state hold
- the fluid 3 After applying the lubricating liquid 30 as described above, the fluid 3 is placed in a predetermined filling pipe inside the container main body 1 which is held in an upright state and is entirely covered with the excessive lubricating liquid 30. To supply the head space 7 (in some cases, a surplus lubricating liquid is applied after the fluid 3 is filled).
- the liquid reservoir 31 can be formed. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 1A, the thickness of the lubricating liquid 30 above the liquid reservoir 31 is between the side surface of the fluid 3 and the smooth surface 1a as described above. It is thinner than the thickness of the lubricating liquid 30 present.
- the fluid 3 filled as described above has a surface tension greatly different from that of the lubricating liquid 30 (the contact angle with the inner surface 1a is larger than that of the lubricating liquid 30).
- a viscous fluid having a viscosity (25 ° C.) of 100 mPa ⁇ s or more, specifically ketchup, aqueous glue, honey, various sauces, mayonnaise, mustard, dressing, jam, chocolate syrup,
- a cosmetic liquid such as a milky lotion, liquid detergent, shampoo, rinse and the like can be mentioned.
- the viscous fluid 3 can be quickly discharged by inclining or inverting the container.
- the fluid 3 is preferably a hydrophilic substance containing moisture, such as ketchup, various sauces, honey, mayonnaise, mustard, jam, chocolate syrup, and emulsion.
- the lubricating liquid 30 is preferably selected from oily liquids approved as food additives such as silicone oil, glycerin fatty acid ester, and edible oil.
- the sealing foil 5 is applied by heat sealing, and a lid is appropriately attached.
- the package of the present invention is obtained.
- Bottle A 5 types, 9 layers, direct blow multilayer bottles
- Layer structure Inner layer / Adhesive layer / Liquid diffusion suppression layer / Adhesive layer / Main layer / Adhesive layer / Oxygen barrier layer / adhesive layer / outer layer
- Inner layer low density polyethylene
- Adhesive layer acid-modified polyethylene
- Liquid diffusion suppression layer ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer (EVOH)
- Main layer Low density polyethylene (LDPE)
- Oxygen barrier layer ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer (EVOH)
- Outer layer Low density polyethylene (LDPE)
- Bottle B 5 types 9 layers direct blow multilayer bottle B
- Layer structure Inner layer / Adhesive layer / Liquid diffusion suppression layer / Adhesive layer / Main layer / Adhesive layer / Oxygen barrier layer / / Oxygen barrier layer /
- MCT lubricating liquid
- Bottle A (5 types, 9 layers, direct blow multilayer bottle) was prepared as a container body.
- a medium chain fatty acid triglyceride was applied as a lubricating liquid so as to have an amount shown in Table 1.
- Table 1 Using the bottle with the lubricating liquid applied to the inner surface, the above-described preparation of the lubricating liquid pool, fluid slip test, and fluid peel test were performed. The results are summarized in Table 1.
- the contact angle with respect to the low density polyethylene surface of a lubricating liquid is smaller than a fluid.
- Example 3 The bottle B (5 types, 9 layers, direct blow multilayer) was formed in the same manner as in Experimental Example 1 except that low density polyethylene containing 5% by weight of silica having an average particle size of 5 ⁇ m was used as the inner layer resin. Bottle). The bottle was evaluated in the same manner as described above, and the results are shown in Table 1.
- Container body 1a Inner surface of container body 1 3: Fluid 5: Seal foil 7: Head space 30: Lubricating liquid 31: Liquid reservoir
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Abstract
Description
また、特許文献2には、平均粒径が1μm~20μmの樹脂粒子により形成された樹脂膜の表面に平均粒径が5nm~100nmの酸化物微粒子が分散付着している構造の撥水性膜が表面に形成されている蓋体が提案されている。
しかるに、このような微細な凹凸面を形成した場合では、水性の内容物に対する非付着性が高められるものの、内容物と微細な凹凸面が常時接触する場合、微細な凹凸面の凹部では水分の凝縮が非常におこりやすい。そのため、水分凝縮により凹部が埋まるためにその滑り性が悪化していく問題があり、さらなる滑り性の向上が求められている。
しかしながら、かかる技術では、容器内面に凹凸を形成する手段に難がある。即ち、かかる凹凸は、毛管現象により液体を保持するものであるため、そのピッチが極めて小さく、ピッチに対して、凹凸の高さがかなり高いという形態を有する。このような形態でなければ、毛管力が支配的にならず、重力により液体が落下してしまうからである。しかるに、このような形態の凹凸は、容器本体を成形した後の後加工、例えば、凹凸形成用の微粒子が分散された液を吹き付けたり或いはエッチング等の手段により形成されるものである。このため、ボトルなどの形態を有する容器では、容器成形後の凹凸形成のための工程が極めて煩雑となってしまい、コスト等の大幅な増大を免れない。
しかるに、この特許文献4は、液層の表面に局部的に突出している部分を形成していること、具体的には、容器内面の凹凸が液層表面に反映されており、容器内面の凸部に対応して、液層表面に局部的に突出ている部分を形成している点に、重要な特徴を有している。即ち、ここで形成されている液層は、容器内面を濡らす程度の薄層である。このような液層が形成されている部分を容器内容物が流れるとき、容器内容物は、液層(局部的に突出している部分)と、局部的に突出している液層間に存在している空気層とに接触して流れることとなる。これにより、単に液層と接触させて容器内容物を流す場合に比して、より優れた滑り性が発揮されるというものである。
即ち、特許文献4の技術では、容器内面の潤滑液の液層が極めて薄い層であるため、容器内面に潤滑液をスプレー噴霧して液層を形成するという手段に適しておらず、容器内面を形成する樹脂に潤滑液を混合して容器を成形するという内添手段によって液層が形成される。即ち、容器内面を形成する樹脂層からのブリーディングにより液層が形成されるわけである。
このような内添手段は、確かに薄い液層の形成には有利であるが、内面全体に均一な厚みで形成し難く、部分的に液層が存在しない部分が形成されたり、場合によっては、内面の凹凸が液体保持力を有していないため、部分的に過剰な厚みの液層が形成されてしまうことがある。このため、内容物に対する滑り性にバラつきが生じ易く、さらなる改善が必要である。
本発明者らは、このようなパッケージについて、更に検討を推し進めた結果、容器本体内に収容される流動物の濡れ性等の特性と、容器本体内面を被覆している潤滑液の濡れ性等の特性の間に一定の関係にある場合には、容器本体内面を粗面としなくとも、流動物の容器本体からの排出性を著しく向上させ得るという極めて意外な知見を見出した。
前記容器本体の内面は、前記流動物とは非混和性の潤滑液で被覆されており、該内面と該流動物との間に、該潤滑液の被覆層が介在していると共に、
前記容器本体が正立に保持された状態において、該容器本体内に収容されている前記流動物の上端面の周縁部には、前記被覆層を形成している潤滑液の液溜りが形成され、
前記潤滑液の前記内面に対する接触角が前記流動物の前記内面に対する接触角よりも小さいことを特徴とするパッケージが提供される。
即ち、このような潤滑液の液溜りが流動物の上端周縁部に形成されているため、容器本体を傾けて流動物を排出する際、この流動物は、常に、潤滑液と接触しながら排出されることを意味する。しかも、本発明において、容器本体の内面には潤滑液の被覆層が形成されている。この結果、本発明のパッケージでは、流動物に接触している潤滑液は流動物と一体に挙動し、容器本体を正立状態に復帰させると、流動物と一体に容器本体の内面に沿って流れ戻り、排出されずに残存した流動物と接触した状態で容器本体内に存在することとなる。
かくして本発明によれば、流動物(内容物)を繰り返し排出した場合でも常に安定した滑り性が発揮される。
即ち、本発明では、上述したような液溜りが形成されていると同時に、容器本体内に収容される流動物と容器本体内面を被覆している潤滑液とが上記の関係を満足するように選択されている。これにより、容器本体を傾けて流動物を排出する場合、傾けられた容器本体の上部側に位置する内面から流動物が速やかに剥離して落下することとなる。即ち、前記容器本体内面は、流動物に対する剥離性が高められており、上述した滑り性と相俟って、著しく優れた排出性を発現させることができる。
図1および図2を参照して、本発明のパッケージは、内部に流動物3が収容された容器本体1からなるものであり、特に図1(A)および図2(A)に示されているように、正立状態において、容器本体1の上端は、シール箔5によりシールされており、適宜、蓋体(図示せず)により閉じられており、流動物3の上端面と容器本体1の上端(シール箔5)との間にはヘッドスペース7が形成されている。
図3において、全体として10で示されるダイレクトブローボトル(図1および図2の容器本体1に相当)は、螺条を備えた首部11、肩部13を介して首部11に連なる胴部壁15及び胴部壁15の下端を閉じている底壁17を有している。また、ボトル上端の開口部は、前記の流動物3(図3では図示せず)を充填した後に、アルミ箔等のシール部材19(図1のシール箔5に相当)によって閉じられ、さらにキャップ20が螺子装着されてシール性が確保されるものとなっている。
かかるボトル10は、粘稠な流動物の収容に好適に使用され、胴部壁15をスクイズすることにより、内部に収容された粘稠な物質を排出するというものである。
本発明では、潤滑液30の内面1aに対する接触角が流動物3の内面1aに対する接触角よりも小さくなるように、潤滑液30及び流動物3が選択されている。
本発明では、上記のようにして形成されている液溜り31により、流動物3の排出に際して、安定して優れた滑り性が発揮されることとなる。
また、一定量の流動物3を排出した後、容器本体1を正立状態に復帰させると、潤滑液30が受ける流動抵抗は小さいため、速やかに容器本体1の内部に流れ落ち、潤滑液30と共に、排出されなかった流動物3は容器本体1の内部に速やかに落下していくこととなる。
さらに、流動物3の排出後、そのまま容器本体1を正立状態に保持していくと、経時と共に、ヘッドスペース7に対応する部分の内面を被覆している潤滑液30が次第に落下し、再び、図1(A)に示されるように流動物3の上端面周縁部に液溜り31が形成されることとなり、次に流動物3を排出するときも、初期と同様に速やかに排出することができる。
本発明において、上述した容器本体1は、その内面1aが平滑面で示されているが、上記のような挙動が阻害されない限り、粗面となっていてもよい。
熱可塑性樹脂としては、容器の形態に成形可能なものであれば特に制限されない。一般的には、低密度ポリエチレン、直鎖低密度ポリエチレン、中或いは高密度ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、ポリ1-ブテン、ポリ4-メチル-1-ペンテンなどのオレフィン系樹脂や、これらのオレフィン類の共重合樹脂;ポリエチレンテレフタレート、ポリエチレンナフタレート、ポリエチレンテレフタレート/イソフタレート等のポリエステル樹脂;が好ましく、これらは容器外面の形成にも好適である。
特に、この容器本体1を、図3に示されているようなダイレクトブローボトルとして使用する場合には、内容物の絞り出しに適しているという点で、低密度ポリエチレンや直鎖低密度ポリエチレンに代表されるオレフィン系樹脂を用いることが好ましい。
容器を傾けて流動物を排出させる際、流動物が動き始めるきっかけを促すために、滑り性を発現する面を粗面、剥離性を発現する面を平滑面、即ち、下側の面を粗面として、下側に対向する面を平滑面とすることもできる。
粗面は粗面化剤として機能するようなシリカなどの無機材料等を内面樹脂に配合してもよい。配合する粒子としては、平均粒子径が上記範囲にある限り特に制限されないが、一般的には、例えば酸化チタン、アルミナ、シリカ等の金属酸化物粒子;炭酸カルシウムなどの炭酸塩粒子;カーボンブラックなどの炭素系微粒子;ポリメチル(メタ)アクリレートや、ポリエチレン、ポリオルガノシルセスキオキサンに代表されるシリコーンなどから成る有機微粒子;が代表的である。これらの粒子は、シランカップリング剤やシリコーンオイル等により疎水化処理されていてもよい。本発明においては、ダイレクトブロー成形に代表される押出成形によっても実施可能であるため、溶融成形後に粒子径が保持できれば良く、例えば、疎水化処理されている微細粒子、特に疎水性シリカ、ポリメチルメタクリレート硬化物、超高分子量ポリエチレン、ポリオルガノシルセスキオキサン、シリコーンの粒子が好適に使用される。
上記のようなエチレン-ビニルアルコール共重合体としては、一般に、エチレン含有量が20乃至60モル%、特に25乃至50モル%のエチレン-酢酸ビニル共重合体を、ケン化度が96モル%以上、特に99モル%以上となるようにケン化して得られる共重合体ケン化物が好適である。
上述したガスバリア性樹脂は、それぞれ単独で使用することもできるし、2種以上がブレンドされていてもよい。また、内面層や外面層との接着性を高めるために、ガスバリア性が損なわれない範囲で、ポリエチレン等のポリオレフィンがガスバリア性樹脂にブレンドされていてもよい。
このような接着剤樹脂層の形成に用いる接着剤樹脂としては、それ自体公知のもの、例えば、カルボニル基(>C=O)を主鎖若しくは側鎖に1乃至100meq/100g、特に10乃至100meq/100gの量で含有する樹脂を使用することができる。具体的には、マレイン酸、イタコン酸、フマル酸などのカルボン酸もしくはその無水物、アミド、エステルなどでグラフト変性されたオレフィン樹脂;エチレン-アクリル酸共重合体;イオン架橋オレフィン系共重合体;エチレン-酢酸ビニル共重合体;などが接着性樹脂として使用される。
このような容器本体1は、前述した各層を形成する樹脂を用いての押出成形によりプリフォームを形成した後、ブロー成形、プラグアシスト成形、真空成形等の後加工により所定の容器形状に賦形することにより製造される。
特に本発明では、この容器本体1は、図3に示されているような粘稠な流動物の排出に適したダイレクトブローボトルの形態を有していることが最適である。このようなダイレクトブローボトルは、押出成形によりチューブ形状のプリフォームを成形し、このプリフォームの一端をピンチオフして閉じ、次いで、エア等のブロー流体をプリフォーム内に吹き込んでボトル形状に賦形することにより製造される。
上記のような流動物3が収容されている容器本体1からなる本発明のパッケージにおいては、上記のようにして得られる容器本体1の内面1aを潤滑液30で被覆し、次いで、ヘッドスペース7が形成されるように流動物3が充填される。
例えば、流動物3が水や水を含む親水性物質である場合には、表面張力が10乃至40mN/m、特に16乃至35mN/mの範囲にある液体を潤滑液30として用いることが好ましい。代表的には、フッ素系液体、フッ素系界面活性剤、シリコーンオイル、脂肪酸トリグリセライド、各種の植物油などが挙げられる。この植物油としては、大豆油、菜種油、オリーブオイル、米油、コーン油、べに花油、ごま油、パーム油、ひまし油、アボガド油、ココナッツ油、アーモンド油、クルミ油、はしばみ油、サラダ油などを好適に使用できる。また、上記の液体をブレンドして用いてもよい。
また、上記の中から選択される潤滑液は、内面1aに対する濡れ性が高いこと(内面1aに対する接触角が小さいこと)が好ましい。また、液溜まり31を構成する潤滑液は、内面1aを被覆している潤滑液と異なっていてもよい。
なお、本発明でいう接触角(contact angle)とは、固体内表面と液体と気体が接触しているとき、この3相の接触する境界線において液体面が固体面と成す角度をいう。
即ち、本発明においては、上記の潤滑液30を用いて容器本体1の内面1aを被覆するが、流動物3を充填したときに、ヘッドスペース7に面している流動物3の周縁部に液溜り31が形成されるように(図1(A)参照)、過剰量の潤滑液30を容器本体1の内面1aに施すことにより、かかる被覆が行われる。
即ち、図1(A)に示されているように、流動物3が充填されている容器本体1が正立状態に保持されたとき、ヘッドスペース7に対応する部分の内面1a(1a’)から潤滑液30が垂れ落ちるように、過剰の潤滑液30で内面1aの全体を被覆しておくか、場合によっては、流動物充填後、余剰の潤滑液を供給する。
従って、液溜り31が形成される限り、内面1aは粗面であってもよい。
流動物3としては、水分を含む親水性物質、例えば、ケチャップ、各種ソース類、蜂蜜、マヨネーズ、マスタード、ジャム、チョコレートシロップ、乳液が好ましい。
また、潤滑液30としては、シリコーンオイル、グリセリン脂肪酸エステル、食用油などの食品添加物として認可されている油性液体の中から選択されることが好ましい。
尚、以下の実施例等で行った各種の特性、物性等の測定方法及び容器本体(ボトル)は次の通りである。
下記の層構成を有する、容量約500mLの多層ダイレクトブローボトルを公知の手法により成形し、下記の実験に用いた。
ボトルA;5種9層ダイレクトブロー多層ボトル
層構成:
内層/接着層/液拡散抑制層/接着層/メイン層/接着層/
酸素バリア層/接着層/外層
内層:低密度ポリエチレン
接着層:酸変性ポリエチレン
液拡散抑制層:エチレン-ビニルアルコール共重合体(EVOH)
メイン層:低密度ポリエチレン(LDPE)
酸素バリア層:エチレン-ビニルアルコール共重合体(EVOH)
外層:低密度ポリエチレン(LDPE)
ボトルB;5種9層ダイレクトブロー多層ボトルB
層構成:
内層/接着層/液拡散抑制層/接着層/メイン層/接着層/
酸素バリア層/接着層/外層
内層:平均粒子径が5μmのシリカが5重量%配合されている低密度ポリ
エチレン
接着層:酸変性ポリエチレン
液拡散抑制層:エチレン-ビニルアルコール共重合体(EVOH)
メイン層:低密度ポリエチレン(LDPE)
酸素バリア層:エチレン-ビニルアルコール共重合体(EVOH)
外層:低密度ポリエチレン(LDPE)
中鎖脂肪酸トリグリセリド(MCT)
表面張力:28.8mN/m(23℃)
粘度:33.8mPa・s(23℃)
沸点:210℃以上
引火点:242℃(参考値)
尚、液体の表面張力は固液界面解析システムDropMaster700(協和界面科学(株)製)を用いて23℃にて測定した値を用いた。また、液体の表面張力測定に必要な液体の密度は、密度比重計DA-130(京都電子工業(株)製)を用いて23℃で測定した値を用いた。また、潤滑液の粘度は音叉型振動式粘度計SV-10((株)エー・アンド・デイ製)を用いて23℃にて測定した値を示した。
マヨネーズ様粘稠性食品
粘度:499Pa・s(0.1sec-1)、
94Pa・s(1sec-1)、
0.30Pa・s(1000sec-1)
尚、粘度の測定にはレオメーター(ARES、ティー・エイ・インスツルメント社製)を用いた。パラレルプレートのジオメトリ、ギャップ0.5mmにて定常流法で測定した値を示した。
流動物をボトル内に200g充填し、流動物の上端面の周縁部に潤滑液(MCT)を数滴垂らし、液溜まりを作成した。また、後述する剥離性試験のために、周縁部の一部分(周縁部の約1/4の区画)にのみ潤滑液(MCT)を垂らして局所的に液溜まりを作成した。
潤滑液の液溜まりを作成した後、室温下(25℃)において、正立状態のボトルを約45°傾けた際の内容物の滑り性を内容物がボトル口部側に滑り落ちきる時間により評価した。評価基準は次のとおりである。
○:滑り落ちきる時間が、5分未満である。
△:滑り落ちきる時間が、5分以上10分未満である。
×:滑り落ちきる時間が、10分以上である。
<流動物の剥離性試験>
上述の方法で局所的に液溜まりを作成したボトルを用い、室温下(25℃)において、正立状態のボトルを液溜まりの部分が上側になるようにして約45°傾け、内容物の剥離性を評価した。評価基準は次の通りである。
○:瞬時に剥離する。
×:剥離しない。または剥離する時間が10分以上である。
容器本体として、ボトルA(5種9層ダイレクトブロー多層ボトル)を用意した。
ボトルAの内面にエアブラシを用いたエアスプレー法で、潤滑液として中鎖脂肪酸トリグリセリドを表1に示す量となるように塗布した。内面に潤滑液が塗布されたボトルを用いて、前述の、潤滑液の液溜りの作成、および、流動物の滑り性試験、流動物の剥離性試験を行った。結果をまとめて表1に示す。なお、潤滑液の低密度ポリエチレン表面に対する接触角は、流動物よりも小さい。
潤滑液の液溜りの作成をしなかったこと以外は実験例1と同様にして、流動物の滑り性試験、流動物の剥離性試験を行った。結果をまとめて表1に示す。
内層用樹脂として、平均粒子径が5μmのシリカが5重量%配合されている低密度ポリエチレンを用いた以外は、実験例1と同様にして、成形されたボトルB(5種9層ダイレクトブロー多層ボトル)を用意した。
このボトルについて、上記と同様の評価を行い、その結果を表1に示した。
ボトルAの内面に潤滑液を塗布しなかったことと、潤滑液の液溜りを作成しなかったこと以外は実験例1と同様にして、流動物の滑り性試験、流動物の剥離性試験を行った。結果をまとめて表1に示す。
また、液膜を被覆せず、液溜まりも作成しない実験例4は滑り性、剥離性共に不良である。
以上のことから、液膜を被覆し、液溜まりを作成することで滑り性、剥離性共に良好となり、相乗効果で内容物を容易に排出させることが可能である。
1a:容器本体1の内面
3:流動物
5:シール箔
7:ヘッドスペース
30:潤滑液
31:液溜り
Claims (2)
- 流動物がヘッドスペースを残すようにして収容されている容器本体からなるパッケージにおいて、
前記容器本体の内面は、前記流動物とは非混和性の潤滑液で被覆されており、該内面と該流動物との間に、該潤滑液の被覆層が介在していると共に、
前記容器本体が正立に保持された状態において、該容器本体内に収容されている前記流動物の上端面の周縁部には、前記被覆層を形成している潤滑液の液溜りが形成され、
前記潤滑液の前記内面に対する接触角が前記流動物の前記内面に対する接触角よりも小さいことを特徴とするパッケージ。 - 前記流動物が、25℃において100mPa・s以上の粘度を有する粘稠物質である請求項1に記載のパッケージ。
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