WO2018072591A1 - 一种基于pvb胶片的透明防紫外投影屏及制备方法 - Google Patents

一种基于pvb胶片的透明防紫外投影屏及制备方法 Download PDF

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WO2018072591A1
WO2018072591A1 PCT/CN2017/102597 CN2017102597W WO2018072591A1 WO 2018072591 A1 WO2018072591 A1 WO 2018072591A1 CN 2017102597 W CN2017102597 W CN 2017102597W WO 2018072591 A1 WO2018072591 A1 WO 2018072591A1
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pvb film
nanoparticles
projection screen
support layer
titanium dioxide
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PCT/CN2017/102597
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English (en)
French (fr)
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孙绪刚
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上海蓝眸多媒体科技有限公司
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/18—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives
    • B32B27/20—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives using fillers, pigments, thixotroping agents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
    • B32B27/306—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising vinyl acetate or vinyl alcohol (co)polymers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K13/00—Use of mixtures of ingredients not covered by one single of the preceding main groups, each of these compounds being essential
    • C08K13/02—Organic and inorganic ingredients
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
    • C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
    • C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
    • C08K3/24—Acids; Salts thereof
    • C08K3/26—Carbonates; Bicarbonates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/30—Sulfur-, selenium- or tellurium-containing compounds
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B21/00—Projectors or projection-type viewers; Accessories therefor
    • G03B21/54—Accessories
    • G03B21/56—Projection screens
    • G03B21/60—Projection screens characterised by the nature of the surface
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
    • B32B2250/03—3 layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
    • B32B2250/40—Symmetrical or sandwich layers, e.g. ABA, ABCBA, ABCCBA
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2264/00—Composition or properties of particles which form a particulate layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2264/10—Inorganic particles
    • B32B2264/102—Oxide or hydroxide
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2264/00—Composition or properties of particles which form a particulate layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2264/10—Inorganic particles
    • B32B2264/104—Oxysalt, e.g. carbonate, sulfate, phosphate or nitrate particles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/10—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular acoustical properties
    • B32B2307/102—Insulating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
    • B32B2307/558—Impact strength, toughness
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2457/00—Electrical equipment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
    • C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
    • C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
    • C08K2003/2237—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of titanium
    • C08K2003/2241—Titanium dioxide
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
    • C08K3/24—Acids; Salts thereof
    • C08K3/26—Carbonates; Bicarbonates
    • C08K2003/265—Calcium, strontium or barium carbonate
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/30—Sulfur-, selenium- or tellurium-containing compounds
    • C08K2003/3045—Sulfates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
    • C08K2201/011—Nanostructured additives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
    • C08K2201/014—Additives containing two or more different additives of the same subgroup in C08K
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2201/00—Properties
    • C08L2201/08—Stabilised against heat, light or radiation or oxydation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2201/00—Properties
    • C08L2201/10—Transparent films; Clear coatings; Transparent materials

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a projection screen, in particular to a transparent anti-ultraviolet projection screen based on PVB film and a preparation method thereof.
  • the projection method of these projectors includes modulating light output from a light source with a projection type liquid crystal panel or the like to form image light, and emitting image light through an optical system such as a lens to be projected onto a screen.
  • an optical system such as a lens to be projected onto a screen.
  • the majority of the basic color of the traditional projection screen is white.
  • the 3D image reflected into the human eye is formed by integrating the misplaced projection image with 3D glasses to form a stereoscopic effect. Not only is the wearing of the glasses inconvenient, the imaging resolution is low, and the color of the signal itself is not real. Restore, contrast and image depth of field are not enough to reach the standards of advertising media and other practical industries.
  • Chinese Patent Publication No. CN103472667B discloses a transparent anti-ultraviolet projection screen, but the manufacturing process of the nano-particle interlayer is relatively backward, and is only suitable for manual small-scale production, low production efficiency, and cannot be applied to mass production and industrialization;
  • the dispersing process in the interlayer is simple, so that the nanoparticles are unevenly dispersed in the interlayer, which affects the effect of transparent imaging.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a transparent anti-ultraviolet projection based on PVB film.
  • Screen and preparation method the method of the invention has high production efficiency, can realize industrial production, and has simple preparation process, and the projection screen prepared by the invention has excellent impact resistance, sound insulation performance, ultraviolet protection performance and safety performance, so that A wider range of applications.
  • a transparent anti-ultraviolet projection screen based on PVB film comprising: a first support layer, a PVB film interlayer and a second support layer laminated in this order from top to bottom, wherein the PVB film interlayer comprises nanoparticles,
  • the nanoparticle distribution density is 0.008-1.6 g/mm ⁇ m 2 (thickness is 1 mm, and the area of 1 m 2 is uniformly distributed in the PVB film interlayer with 0.008-1.6 g nanoparticles), and the nanoparticle has a mass ratio of 1: (0.1).
  • the projection screen When the projection light is incident from the back of the projection screen, the transparency of the PVB film itself, the nanometer titanium dioxide particles and the inorganic salt particles are uniformly dispersed in the interlayer, and the nanoparticles are smaller than the size recognizable by the naked eye, through the nanometer Rayleigh Scattering imaging allows the observer to see objects incident on the projection screen 2D or 3D at any position in front.
  • the nano titanium dioxide particles have a strong absorption effect on ultraviolet rays, and therefore, the projection screen can absorb ultraviolet rays. Titanium dioxide itself also has photocatalytic action. Therefore, the projection screen can purify indoor harmful gases, such as formaldehyde, benzene, etc.
  • the method of the invention has the advantages of simple production process, low cost, high production efficiency, and the like, and can be widely used. Indoor advertising, architectural glass, window GPS display and other fields.
  • the invention adopts PVB film as the interlayer material, has simple manufacturing process and can be continuously mass-produced, and the prepared projection screen has excellent impact resistance, sound insulation performance, ultraviolet protection performance and safety performance, so that it has wider application range. .
  • the nano-titanium dioxide particles and the inorganic salt particles of the invention can effectively improve the agglomeration problem of the nanoparticles by ultrasonic dispersion under the dual action of the coupling agent and the dispersing agent, so that the nano-titanium dioxide particles and the inorganic salt particles are more uniformly dispersed.
  • the resulting projection screen has a more excellent transparent imaging effect.
  • the diameter of the nano titanium dioxide particles is 20-100 nm
  • the inorganic salt nanoparticles have a diameter of 100-300 nm
  • the titanium dioxide nanoparticles are anatase crystal structure and/or rutile crystal structure
  • the inorganic salt nanoparticles are barium sulfate, barium carbonate and calcium carbonate.
  • the nanoparticles are barium sulfate, barium carbonate and calcium carbonate.
  • the advantageous effect of adopting the above preferred solution is that the transparent imaging effect of the produced projection screen is more remarkable.
  • the PVB film interlayer has a thickness of 0.1 to 10 mm.
  • the first support layer and the second support layer are ordinary glass, hardened acrylic or polycarbonate, and have a thickness of 0.1-20 mm.
  • the advantageous effect of adopting the above preferred solution is that the projection screen has more excellent impact resistance as well as sound insulation and safety.
  • A, 0.001-0.2 parts by weight of nanoparticles, 0.001-0.01 parts by weight of a coupling agent, 0.001-0.004 parts by weight of a dispersant and 20-45 parts by weight of a plasticizer are ultrasonically dispersed to obtain a nanoparticle dispersion;
  • step B Mixing 100 parts by weight of PVB resin, 0.1-5 parts by weight of the antioxidant with the nanoparticle dispersion in step A, kneading, extruding through a screw extruder, and cooling and setting on a casting chill roll Obtaining a PVB film interlayer and making the nanoparticle distribution density in the PVB film interlayer be 0.008-1.6 g/mm ⁇ m 2 ;
  • the first support layer and the second support layer are formed according to the thickness requirement, and the first support layer and the second support layer are respectively fused with the upper and lower sides of the PVB film interlayer by fusion.
  • the coupling agent in the step A comprises N-( ⁇ -aminoethyl)- ⁇ -aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, ⁇ -aminopropyltriethoxysilane.
  • the dispersing agent comprises one or more of polyphosphoric acid, polysilicate, polycarboxylic acid, polyester, polyether hyperdispersant, preferably polycarboxylic acid hyperdispersant, more preferably Commercially available hyperdispersant 6300 or hyperdispersant 598;
  • the plasticizer comprises a dialkyl ester of triethylene glycol or tetraethylene glycol, a dialkyl phthalate, a dialkyl adipate, bismuth One or more of a dialkyl acid ester or a triorganophosphate, preferably diethylene glycol diisooctyl ester, tetraethylene glycol diheptanoate, dihexyl adipate or dihexyl sebacate.
  • the beneficial effects of the above preferred solution are that the agglomeration problem of the nanoparticles can be effectively improved, and the nano titanium dioxide particles and the inorganic salt particles are more uniformly dispersed in the PVB film interlayer, so that the prepared projection screen has better transparency. Imaging effect.
  • the ultrasonic dispersion frequency is 20-2000 KHz and the dispersion time is 20-600 min in the step A.
  • the advantageous effect of using the above preferred embodiment is that the nanoparticles are formed into a uniform and stable dispersion, and the mixing is more uniform.
  • the antioxidant in the step B is one or more of a phenol, an ester and an ammonia organic, preferably a phenol, more preferably a 2,6-di-tert-butyl group.
  • a phenol more preferably a 2,6-di-tert-butyl group.
  • the advantageous effect of using the above preferred solution is to make the projection screen have more excellent durability.
  • the screw extruder in the step S, has a screw rotation speed of 80-200 rpm, and the temperature of each zone is controlled at: 70-80 ° C in one zone; 120-130 ° C in two zones; 150-160 ° C; four zones 160-180 ° C; five zones 140-150 ° C.
  • PVB film is more transparent, uniform, and the image is clearer.
  • the method of fusion in step C is a high pressure method or a vacuum one step method.
  • the preparation process is simple, and the batch production can be continuously performed.
  • a first support layer and a second support layer having an area of 1 m 2 and a thickness of 0.1 mm according to requirements, which are consistent with the shape of the PVB film interlayer, and the first support layer and the second support layer are respectively separated by a high pressure method.
  • the PVB film interlayer is fused on the upper and lower sides.
  • step B Mixing 2000 g of PVB resin and 20 g of 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-methylphenol with the nano-titanium dioxide particles and the cerium carbonate nano-particle dispersion in step A, and extruding through a screw extruder.
  • the rotation speed is 120 rpm, and the temperature of each zone is controlled at: 75 ° C in one zone; 125 ° C in two zones; 155 ° C in three zones; 170 ° C in four zones; 145 ° C in five zones, and cooling and setting on a casting chill roll to obtain an area of 1 m 2 a PVB film interlayer having a thickness of 2 mm and a nanoparticle distribution density in the PVB film interlayer of 0.77 g/mm ⁇ m 2 ;
  • a first support layer and a second support layer having an area of 1 m 2 and a thickness of 3 mm according to requirements, which are consistent with the shape of the PVB film interlayer, and the first support layer and the second support layer are respectively separated by a vacuum one-step method.
  • the PVB film interlayer is fused on the upper and lower sides.
  • first support layer and a second support layer having an area of 2 m 2 and a thickness of 15 mm according to requirements, which are consistent with the shape of the PVB film interlayer, and the first support layer and the second support layer are respectively separated from the first support layer by the high pressure method.
  • the PVB film interlayer is fused on the upper and lower sides.
  • the screw speed is 200 rpm, and the temperature of each zone is controlled at: 80 ° C in one zone; 130 ° C in two zones; 160 ° C in three zones; 180 ° C in four zones; 150 ° C in five zones, and cast cooling rolls
  • the upper part was cooled and shaped to obtain a PVB film interlayer with an area of 2 m 2 and a thickness of 10 mm, and the nanoparticle distribution density in the PVB film interlayer was 1.13 g/mm ⁇ m 2 ;
  • the PVB film interlayer is fused on the upper and lower sides.
  • the product of the invention has a light transmittance of 90-95%, an ultraviolet absorption rate of 85-90%, a light transmittance of the existing product of 60-70%, and an ultraviolet absorption rate of 30-40%, according to the product of the invention.
  • the existing products can be seen through the projection screen of the projection screen.
  • the picture is clear, and the glasses are not dry, and there is no feeling of dizziness and headache.
  • the glasses appear.
  • the feeling of dryness, dizziness and headache, and the picture is not clear enough.
  • the product of the invention is not easy to be damaged during transportation, has certain mechanical strength, and has a simple preparation method and is easy to mass-produce.
  • the production per day of a production line can reach 2000-2500 square meters. Meter.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Joining Of Glass To Other Materials (AREA)

Abstract

一种投影屏，尤其涉及一种基于PVB胶片的透明防紫外投影屏及制备方法，包括由上至下依次层叠的第一支持层、PVB胶片夹层和第二支持层，PVB胶片夹层内包括纳米粒子，纳米粒子分布密度为0.008-1.6g/mm·m 2，纳米粒子由质量比为1：(0.1-9)的二氧化钛纳米粒子与无机盐纳米粒子组成；与现有技术相比，PVB胶片自身的透明性，以及均匀分布在PVB胶片夹层中的纳米二氧化钛粒子和无机盐纳米粒子，使投影屏成像的透明度、清晰度更高，以PVB胶片作为夹层材料，其制作工艺简单，可连续批量生产，所制得的投影屏具有优异的抗冲击性能、隔音性能、防紫外性能和安全性能，具有广泛的应用范围。

Description

一种基于PVB胶片的透明防紫外投影屏及制备方法 技术领域
本发明涉及一种投影屏，尤其涉及一种基于PVB胶片的透明防紫外投影屏及制备方法。
背景技术
目前，高射投影仪和幻灯机广泛被用作一种演讲者在会议等场合显示材料的方式。同样，使用液晶的视频投影仪和电影投影仪也广泛用在普通家庭中。这些投影仪的投影方法包括用投射型液晶面等调制从光源输出的光线以形成图像光线，并通过诸如透镜等的光学系统发射图像光线，从而投影到屏幕上。投影仪发射的短波光线接近紫外线的波长定义10-400纳米时，紫外线就会漫反射到人体身上，从而对人体造成危害。
传统的投影屏大部分基色是白色，反射到人眼中的3D图像是借助3D眼镜整合错位投影的图像形成立体感，不仅佩戴眼镜不方便，成像清晰度低，信号本身的色彩得不到真实的还原，对比度和图像景深都不够，不能到达广告传媒及其他实用性的行业的标准。
中国专利公开号为CN103472667B公开了一种透明防紫外投影屏，但其中纳米粒子夹层的制作工艺相对落后，只适用于手工少量生产，生产效率低下，无法应用于批量生产及产业化；且纳米粒子在夹层中分散工艺过简单，使纳米粒子在夹层中分散不均匀，影响透明成像的效果。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种基于PVB胶片的透明防紫外投影 屏及制备方法，本发明方法生产效率高，可实现产业化生产，制备工艺简单，本发明所制得的投影屏具有优异的抗冲击性能、隔音性能、防紫外性能和安全性能，使其有更广泛的应用范围。
本发明解决上述技术问题的技术方案如下：
一种基于PVB胶片的透明防紫外投影屏，其特征在于，包括由上至下依次层叠的第一支持层、PVB胶片夹层和第二支持层，所述PVB胶片夹层内包括纳米粒子，所述纳米粒子分布密度为0.008-1.6g/mm·m2(厚度为1mm，面积为1m2的PVB胶片夹层内均匀分布0.008-1.6g纳米粒子)，所述纳米粒子由质量比为1：(0.1-9)的二氧化钛纳米粒子与无机盐纳米粒子组成。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：
本发明当投影光线从投影屏背部射入时，由于PVB胶片自身的透明性、纳米二氧化钛粒子和无机盐粒子均匀地分散在夹层中，以及纳米粒子小于肉眼可辨识的大小，通过纳米粒子瑞利散射成像，观察者在前方任何位置均可看到射入到投影屏2D或者3D的物象。且纳米二氧化钛粒子对紫外线有强有力的吸收作用，因此，投影屏可吸收紫外线。二氧化钛本身还具有光催化作用，因此，投影屏能净化室内有害气体，例如甲醛、苯等，本发明方法相对同品质的投影屏具有生产工艺简单、成本低、生产效率高等优点，可广泛用于室内广告、建筑玻璃、车窗GPS显示等领域。
本发明以PVB胶片作为夹层材料，其制作工艺简单，可连续批量生产，所制得的投影屏具有优异的抗冲击性能、隔音性能、防紫外性能和安全性能，使其有更广泛的应用范围。
本发明的纳米二氧化钛粒子和无机盐粒子在偶联剂和分散剂的双重作用下，经过超声分散，可有效地改善了纳米粒子的团聚问题，使纳米二氧化钛粒子和无机盐粒子更加均匀地分散在PVB胶片夹层中，使所制得的投影屏具有更优异的透明成像效果。
在上述发明的一种优选实施方式，所述纳米二氧化钛粒子的直径为 20-100nm，所述无机盐纳米粒子直径为100-300nm，所述二氧化钛纳米粒子为锐钛型结晶结构和/或金红石型结晶结构，所述无机盐纳米粒子为硫酸钡、碳酸钡和碳酸钙的纳米粒子中的一种或多种。
采用上述优选方案的有益效果是：使制得的投影屏透明成像效果更加显著。
在上述发明的一种优选实施方式，所述PVB胶片夹层的厚度为0.1-10mm。
采用上述优选方案的有益效果是：使投影屏成像更加清晰。
在上述发明的一种优选实施方式，所述第一支持层与所述第二支持层为普通玻璃、硬化亚克力或聚碳酸酯，其厚度为0.1-20mm。
采用上述优选方案的有益效果是：投影屏具有更优异的抗冲击性以及隔音性、安全性。
本发明中所采用的一种基于PVB胶片的透明防紫外投影屏及制备方法，包括以下步骤：
A、将0.001-0.2重量份纳米粒子、0.001-0.01重量份偶联剂、0.001-0.004重量份分散剂和20-45重量份增塑剂进行超声分散，得到纳米粒子分散液；
B、将100重量份PVB树脂、0.1-5重量份抗氧化剂与步骤A中的纳米粒子分散液进行混料、捏合，再通过螺杆挤出机挤出，并在流延冷却辊上进行冷却定型，得到PVB胶片夹层，并使PVB胶片夹层内的纳米粒子分布密度为0.008-1.6g/mm·m2；
C、根据厚度需求制作第一支持层与第二支持层，通过融合将所述第一支持层、第二支持层分别与所述PVB胶片夹层上下两侧进行融合。
在上述发明的一种优选实施方式，在步骤A中所述偶联剂包括N-(β-氨乙基)-γ-氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷、γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷、γ-缩水甘油醚氧丙基三甲氧基硅烷和γ-(甲基丙烯酰氧)丙基三甲氧基硅烷中的一种或 几种；所述分散剂包括聚磷酸类、聚硅酸类、聚羧酸类、聚酯、聚醚型超分散剂中的一种或几种，优选聚羧酸类超分散剂，更优选市售超分散剂6300或超分散剂598；所述增塑剂包括三甘醇或四甘醇的二烷基酯、邻苯二甲酸二烷基酯、己二酸二烷基酯、癸二酸二烷基酯或磷酸三有机酯中的一种或几种，优选三甘醇二异辛酯、四甘醇二庚酸酯、己二酸二己酯或癸二酸二己酯。
采用上述优选方案的有益效果是：可有效地改善了纳米粒子的团聚问题，使纳米二氧化钛粒子和无机盐粒子更加均匀地分散在PVB胶片夹层中，使所制得的投影屏具有更优异的透明成像效果。
在上述发明的一种优选实施方式，在步骤A中所述超声分散频率为20-2000KHz，分散时间为20-600min。
采用上述优选方案的有益效果是：使纳米粒子形成均一稳定的分散液，混合更加均匀。
在上述发明的一种优选实施方式，在步骤B中所述抗氧化剂为酚类、酯类和氨类有机物中的一种或几种，优选苯酚类，更优选2,6-二叔丁基对甲基苯酚或2,2’-亚甲基双(4-甲基-6-叔丁基苯酚)。
采用上述优选方案的有益效果是：使投影屏具有更优异的耐久性。
在上述发明的一种优选实施方式，在步骤B中所述螺杆挤出机，其螺杆转速为80-200rpm，各区温度控制在：一区70-80℃；二区120-130℃；三区150-160℃；四区160-180℃；五区140-150℃。
采用上述优选方案的有益效果是：PVB胶片更加透明、均匀，成像更清晰。
在上述发明的一种优选实施方式，在步骤C中所述融合的方式为高压法或真空一步法。
采用上述优选方案的有益效果是：制备工艺简单，可连续批量化生产。
具体实施方式
以下对本发明的原理和特征进行描述，所举实例只用于解释本发明，并非用于限定本发明的范围。
实施例1
A、将0.001g平均直径为20nm的纳米二氧化钛粒子(二氧化钛纳米粒子为锐钛型结晶结构和/或金红石型结晶结构)和0.006g平均直径为100nm的硫酸钡纳米粒子、0.001gN-(β-氨乙基)-γ-氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷、0.001g聚羧酸类超分散剂和20g三甘醇二异辛酯以20KHz超声分散20min，得到纳米二氧化钛粒子和硫酸钡纳米粒子分散液；
B、将100gPVB树脂、0.1g苯酚类抗氧化剂与步骤A中的纳米二氧化钛粒子和硫酸钡纳米粒子分散液进行混料、捏合，再通过螺杆挤出机挤出，其螺杆转速为80rpm，各区温度控制在：一区70℃；二区120℃；三区150℃；四区160℃；五区140℃，并在流延冷却辊上进行冷却定型，得到面积为1m2，厚度为0.1mm的PVB胶片夹层，并使PVB胶片夹层内的纳米粒子分布密度为0.056g/mm·m2；
C、根据需求制作面积为1m2，厚度为0.1mm的第一支持层与第二支持层，其与PVB胶片夹层形状尺寸一致，通过高压法将第一支持层、第二支持层分别与所述PVB胶片夹层上下两侧进行融合。
实施例2
A、将0.4g平均直径为40nm纳米二氧化钛粒子(二氧化钛纳米粒子为锐钛型结晶结构和/或金红石型结晶结构)和1.6g平均直径为140nm的碳酸钡纳米粒子、0.06gγ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷、0.04g超分散剂6300和600g四甘醇二庚酸酯以600KHz超声分散100min，得到纳米二氧化钛粒子和碳酸钡纳米粒子分散液；
B、将2000gPVB树脂、20g2,6-二叔丁基对甲基苯酚与步骤A中的纳米二氧化钛粒子和碳酸钡纳米粒子分散液进行混料、捏合，再通过螺杆挤出机挤出，其螺杆转速为120rpm，各区温度控制在：一区75℃；二区125℃；三 区155℃；四区170℃；五区145℃，并在流延冷却辊上进行冷却定型，得到面积为1m2，厚度为2mm的PVB胶片夹层，并使PVB胶片夹层内的纳米粒子分布密度为0.77g/mm·m2；
C、根据需求制作面积为1m2，厚度为3mm的第一支持层与第二支持层，其与PVB胶片夹层形状尺寸一致，通过真空一步法将第一支持层、第二支持层分别与所述PVB胶片夹层上下两侧进行融合。
实施例3
A、将12.8g平均直径为90nm纳米二氧化钛粒子(二氧化钛纳米粒子为锐钛型结晶结构和/或金红石型结晶结构)和1.6g平均直径为280nm的碳酸钙纳米粒子、1.28gγ-(甲基丙烯酰氧)丙基三甲氧基硅烷、0.48g超分散剂6300和6400g己二酸二己酯以1800KHz超声分散500min，得到纳米二氧化钛粒子和碳酸钙纳米粒子分散液；
B、将16000g重量份PVB树脂、640g2,2’-亚甲基双(4-甲基-6-叔丁基苯酚)与步骤A中的纳米二氧化钛粒子和碳酸钙纳米粒子分散液进行混料、捏合，再通过螺杆挤出机挤出，其螺杆转速为180rpm，各区温度控制在：一区78℃；二区127℃；三区158℃；四区178℃；五区148℃，并在流延冷却辊上进行冷却定型，得到面积为2m2，厚度为8mm的PVB胶片夹层，并使PVB胶片夹层内的纳米粒子分布密度为0.625g/mm·m2；
C、根据需求制作面积为2m2，厚度为15mm的第一支持层与第二支持层，其与PVB胶片夹层形状尺寸一致，通过高压法将第一支持层、第二支持层分别与所述PVB胶片夹层上下两侧进行融合。
实施例4
A、将32g平均直径为100nm纳米二氧化钛粒子(二氧化钛纳米粒子为锐钛型结晶结构和/或金红石型结晶结构)和2g平均直径为300nm的硫酸钡纳米粒子、2gγ-(甲基丙烯酰氧)丙基三甲氧基硅烷、0.8g超分散剂598和9000g癸二酸二己酯以2000KHz超声分散600min，得到纳米二氧化钛粒子和 硫酸钡纳米粒子分散液；
B、将20000gPVB树脂、1000g2,2’-亚甲基双(4-甲基-6-叔丁基苯酚)与步骤A中的纳米二氧化钛粒子和硫酸钡纳米粒子分散液进行混料、捏合，再通过螺杆挤出机挤出，其螺杆转速为200rpm，各区温度控制在：一区80℃；二区130℃；三区160℃；四区180℃；五区150℃，并在流延冷却辊上进行冷却定型，得到面积为2m2，厚度为10mm的PVB胶片夹层，并使PVB胶片夹层内的纳米粒子分布密度为1.13g/mm·m2；
C、根据需求制作面积为2m2，厚度为20mm的第一支持层与第二支持层，其与PVB胶片夹层形状尺寸一致，通过真空一步法将第一支持层、第二支持层分别与所述PVB胶片夹层上下两侧进行融合。
本发明产品透光率为90-95％，紫外线吸收率可达85-90％，现有产品透光率为60-70％，紫外线吸收率可达30-40％，具体根据本发明产品与现有产品通过投影屏观看电影实验对比可知，通过本发明的投影屏观看电影时画面呈现清晰，并且眼镜不干涩，没有头晕头痛的感觉，而通过现有产品的投影屏观看电影就会出现眼镜干涩、头晕头痛的感觉，并且画面不够清晰,此外本发明产品在运输过程中不易损坏，有一定的机械强度，其制备方法简单，易于批量化生产，一条生产线每天的产量可达到2000-2500平方米。
对于本领域技术人员而言，显然本发明不限于上述示范性实施例的细节，而且在不背离本发明的精神或基本特征的情况下，能够以其它的具体形式实现本发明。因此，无论从哪一点来看，均应将实施例看作是示范性的，而且是非限制性的，本发明的范围由所附权利要求而不是上述说明限定，因此旨在将落在权利要求的等同要件的含义和范围内的所有变化囊括在本发明内。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种基于PVB胶片的透明防紫外投影屏，其特征在于，包括由上至下依次层叠的第一支持层、PVB胶片夹层和第二支持层，所述PVB胶片夹层内包括纳米粒子，所述纳米粒子分布密度为0.008-1.6g/mm·m2，所述纳米粒子由质量比为1：(0.1-9)的二氧化钛纳米粒子与无机盐纳米粒子组成。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种基于PVB胶片的透明防紫外投影屏，其特征在于,所述二氧化钛纳米粒子的直径为20-100nm，所述无机盐纳米粒子直径为100-300nm，所述二氧化钛纳米粒子为锐钛型结晶结构和/或金红石型结晶结构，所述无机盐纳米粒子为硫酸钡、碳酸钡和碳酸钙的纳米粒子中的一种或多种。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种基于PVB胶片的透明防紫外投影屏，其特征在于,所述PVB胶片夹层的厚度为0.1-10mm。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种基于PVB胶片的透明防紫外投影屏，其特征在于,所述第一支持层与所述第二支持层为普通玻璃、硬化亚克力或聚碳酸酯，其厚度为0.1-20mm。
  5. 一种如权利要求1-4所述一种基于PVB胶片的透明防紫外投影屏的制备方法，其特征在于，它包括以下步骤：
    A、将0.001-0.2重量份纳米粒子、0.001-0.01重量份偶联剂、0.001-0.004重量份分散剂和20-45重量份增塑剂进行超声分散，得到纳米粒子分散液；
    B、将100重量份PVB树脂、0.1-5重量份抗氧化剂与步骤A中的纳米粒子分散液进行混料、捏合，再通过螺杆挤出机挤出，并在流延冷却辊上进行冷却定型，得到PVB胶片夹层，并使PVB胶片夹层内的纳米粒子分布密度为0.008-1.6g/mm·m2；
    C、根据厚度需求制作第一支持层与第二支持层，通过融合将所述第一 支持层、第二支持层分别与所述PVB胶片夹层上下两侧进行融合。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的制备方法，其特征在于,在步骤A中所述偶联剂包括N-(β-氨乙基)-γ-氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷、γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷、γ-缩水甘油醚氧丙基三甲氧基硅烷和γ-(甲基丙烯酰氧)丙基三甲氧基硅烷中的一种或几种；所述分散剂包括聚磷酸类、聚硅酸类、聚羧酸类、聚酯、聚醚型超分散剂中的一种或几种；所述增塑剂包括三甘醇或四甘醇的二烷基酯、邻苯二甲酸二烷基酯、己二酸二烷基酯、癸二酸二烷基酯或磷酸三有机酯中的一种或几种。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的制备方法，其特征在于,在步骤A中所述超声分散频率为20-2000KHz，分散时间为20-600min。
  8. 根据权利要求5所述的制备方法，其特征在于,在步骤B中所述抗氧化剂为酚类、酯类和氨类有机物中的一种或几种。
  9. 根据权利要求5所述的制备方法，其特征在于,在步骤B中所述螺杆挤出机，其螺杆转速为80-200rpm，各区温度控制在：一区70-80℃；二区120-130℃；三区150-160℃；四区160-180℃；五区140-150℃。
  10. 根据权利要求5所述的制备方法，其特征在于,在步骤C中所述融合的方式为包括高压法或真空一步法。
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