WO2018064810A1 - 一种移动机器人自主充电装置 - Google Patents

一种移动机器人自主充电装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018064810A1
WO2018064810A1 PCT/CN2016/101488 CN2016101488W WO2018064810A1 WO 2018064810 A1 WO2018064810 A1 WO 2018064810A1 CN 2016101488 W CN2016101488 W CN 2016101488W WO 2018064810 A1 WO2018064810 A1 WO 2018064810A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
charging
contact
mobile robot
charging contact
elastic member
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2016/101488
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
吴伟峰
吴王东
饶成康
沈振华
陶熠昆
朱玲芬
郑洪波
王霞
杜鑫峰
Original Assignee
浙江国自机器人技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 浙江国自机器人技术有限公司 filed Critical 浙江国自机器人技术有限公司
Priority to US15/305,126 priority Critical patent/US10404084B2/en
Priority to PCT/CN2016/101488 priority patent/WO2018064810A1/zh
Publication of WO2018064810A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018064810A1/zh

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25J—MANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
    • B25J9/00—Programme-controlled manipulators
    • B25J9/0009—Constructional details, e.g. manipulator supports, bases
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25J—MANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
    • B25J9/00—Programme-controlled manipulators
    • B25J9/16—Programme controls
    • B25J9/1656—Programme controls characterised by programming, planning systems for manipulators
    • B25J9/1664—Programme controls characterised by programming, planning systems for manipulators characterised by motion, path, trajectory planning
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
    • B60L53/14—Conductive energy transfer
    • B60L53/16—Connectors, e.g. plugs or sockets, specially adapted for charging electric vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/30—Constructional details of charging stations
    • B60L53/35—Means for automatic or assisted adjustment of the relative position of charging devices and vehicles
    • B60L53/36—Means for automatic or assisted adjustment of the relative position of charging devices and vehicles by positioning the vehicle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/50—Charging stations characterised by energy-storage or power-generation means
    • B60L53/53—Batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/02—Contact members
    • H01R13/22—Contacts for co-operating by abutting
    • H01R13/24—Contacts for co-operating by abutting resilient; resiliently-mounted
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/62—Means for facilitating engagement or disengagement of coupling parts or for holding them in engagement
    • H01R13/629—Additional means for facilitating engagement or disengagement of coupling parts, e.g. aligning or guiding means, levers, gas pressure electrical locking indicators, manufacturing tolerances
    • H01R13/631—Additional means for facilitating engagement or disengagement of coupling parts, e.g. aligning or guiding means, levers, gas pressure electrical locking indicators, manufacturing tolerances for engagement only
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0042—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by the mechanical construction
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0042—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by the mechanical construction
    • H02J7/0045—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by the mechanical construction concerning the insertion or the connection of the batteries
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
    • G05B2219/30—Nc systems
    • G05B2219/50—Machine tool, machine tool null till machine tool work handling
    • G05B2219/50393—Floor conveyor, AGV automatic guided vehicle
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/02—Contact members
    • H01R13/22—Contacts for co-operating by abutting
    • H01R13/24—Contacts for co-operating by abutting resilient; resiliently-mounted
    • H01R13/2407—Contacts for co-operating by abutting resilient; resiliently-mounted characterized by the resilient means
    • H01R13/2421—Contacts for co-operating by abutting resilient; resiliently-mounted characterized by the resilient means using coil springs
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B40/00—Technologies aiming at improving the efficiency of home appliances, e.g. induction cooking or efficient technologies for refrigerators, freezers or dish washers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the field of warehousing and logistics auxiliary devices, and in particular relates to a mobile robot autonomous charging device.
  • the unmanned robot also called the automatic guided vehicle (AGV)
  • AGV automatic guided vehicle
  • the unmanned robot also called the automatic guided vehicle (AGV)
  • AGV automatic guided vehicle
  • has many advantages such as high automation, flexible application, safety and reliability, high efficiency and convenient maintenance.
  • the unmanned robot power supply system is an in-vehicle power supply, it needs to be charged to operate. If the manual charging is used, the manpower will be increased, so the autonomous charging device for the handling robot has emerged.
  • the autonomous charging device needs to take into account the accuracy of the charging docking, and also considers the overcurrent capability of the charging head during high current charging.
  • the docking angle is unsuccessful due to the misalignment of the docking angle, and the autonomous charging action cannot be performed efficiently, and the device is easily damaged.
  • the present invention proposes a mobile robot autonomous charging device capable of canceling the off-angle generated by the misalignment of the mobile robot during charging.
  • the invention discloses a mobile robot autonomous charging device, comprising a charging base and a charging contact.
  • the charging base comprises a charging contact and a first elastic member connected with the charging contact; the charging contact is used for contacting with the charging contact.
  • the charging contact and the first resilient member provide the charging seat with a first degree of freedom and a second degree of freedom.
  • the first elastic member can buffer the impact force and swing at a small amplitude, thereby offsetting the deviation caused by the misalignment between the charging contact and the charging contact.
  • the corners and the charging contacts are pressed against the charging contacts.
  • the first elastic member is a first spring.
  • the charging base further includes a buffer block, a second elastic member and a mounting box; the charging contact is connected to the buffer block through the first elastic member; the buffer block is sleeved in the mounting box; and one end of the second elastic member is connected to the buffer block The other end is connected to the installation box.
  • the buffer block, the mounting box and the second resilient member also provide the charging seat with a second degree of freedom.
  • the buffer block can drive the charging contact to slide in the mounting box along with the deformation of the second elastic member.
  • the second elastic member can also buffer the impact force.
  • the second elastic member is a second spring.
  • the second spring is larger than the first spring.
  • the charging base further comprises a contact limiting block; the contact limiting block is sleeved outside the charging contact, the charging contact exposes the contact limiting block; and the contact limiting block is an insulating material.
  • the number of the first elastic members is equal to the number of the charging contacts.
  • the length of the outer surface of the charging contact is greater than the length of the outer surface of the charging contact. This is advantageous for offsetting the positioning deviation when the charging contact and the charging contact are docked and charged, as long as the charging contact is in contact with any one of the charging contacts.
  • the outer surface of the charging contact is elongated, the outer surface of the charging contact is square; the width of the elongated shape is greater than or equal to the width of the square.
  • the length of the outer surface of the charging contact is less than the length of the outer surface of the charging contact. This is advantageous for offsetting the positioning deviation when the charging contact and the charging contact are docked and charged, as long as the charging contact is in contact with any one of the charging contacts.
  • both the charging contact and the charging contact comprise a positive pole of the power source and a negative pole of the power source.
  • the number of charging contacts is equal to the number of charging contacts.
  • the number of charging contacts and the number of charging contacts are two or three.
  • the charging contact is disposed on the mobile robot.
  • the beneficial effects of the present invention are: when the mobile robot needs to be charged, it will move autonomously to the front of the charging stand, and the mobile robot is charged by contacting the charging contact mounted on the mobile robot with the charging contact mounted on the front end of the charging stand.
  • the angular deviation generated by the mobile robot during the charging process of the charging cradle is cancelled by the first degree of freedom of the charging cradle; the impact force generated by the mobile robot during the charging process of aligning the charging cradle is provided by the charging cradle
  • the first degree of freedom and the second degree of freedom buffer; the displacement deviation generated by the mobile robot during charging in alignment with the charging stand is offset by the difference in shape size between the charging contact and the charging contact.
  • the mobile robot's autonomous charging device is suitable for high current charging.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective structural view of a specific embodiment of a mobile robot autonomous charging device according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a plan view showing a specific embodiment of a charging stand according to the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA of Figure 2;
  • Fig. 1 shows a preferred embodiment of a mobile robot autonomous charging device according to the present invention.
  • the mobile robot autonomous charging device includes a charging base 1 and a charging contact 21 .
  • the charging contact 21 is disposed on the mobile robot 2.
  • 2 and 3 illustrate a charging stand of a specific embodiment of a mobile robot autonomous charging device according to the present invention.
  • the charging stand 1 includes a charging contact 11, a contact limiting block 12, a first elastic member 13, a buffer block 14, a second elastic member 15, and a mounting case 16.
  • the charging contact 11 is connected to the buffer block 14 by the first elastic member 13.
  • the buffer block 14 is sleeved in the mounting box 16 to expose the charging contacts 11.
  • One end of the second elastic member 15 is connected to the buffer block 14, and the other end of the second elastic member 15 is connected to the mounting case 16.
  • the charging contact 11 and the first elastic member 13 allow the charging stand 1 to have a first degree of freedom (degree of freedom of rotation about the z-axis) and a second degree of freedom (degree of freedom in the x-axis direction).
  • the buffer block 14, the mounting case 16, and the second elastic member 15 also have the charging stand 1 have a second degree of freedom (degree of freedom in the x-axis direction).
  • the function of the first degree of freedom is that the charging contact 11 undergoes a small amplitude swing around the z-axis in the contact limiting block 12 along with the deformation of the first elastic member 13, thereby canceling the docking of the charging contact 21 with the charging contact 11.
  • the off-angle generated by the misalignment during charging is that the charging contact 11 undergoes a small amplitude swing around the z-axis in the contact limiting block 12 along with the deformation of the first elastic member 13, thereby canceling the docking of the charging contact 21 with the charging contact 11.
  • the second degree of freedom functions to: when the charging contact 21 is docked with the charging contact 11 to generate an impact force in the x-axis direction, the first elastic member 13 and the second elastic member 15 can buffer the impact force while making the charging contact 11 The charging contact 21 is pressed.
  • the number of the first elastic members 13, the number of the charging contacts 11, and the number of the charging contacts 21 are all three.
  • the length of the outer surface of the charging contact 21 is greater than the length of the outer surface of the charging contact 11.
  • the length here refers to the length in the y-axis direction. This is advantageous for offsetting the positioning deviation when the charging contact and the charging contact are docked and charged, as long as the charging contact is in contact with any one of the charging contacts.
  • the outer surface of the charging contact 21 is elongated, the outer surface of the charging contact 11 is square, and the width of the elongated shape is larger than the width of the square.
  • Both the charging contact 21 and the charging contact 11 include a positive pole of the power source and a negative pole of the power source.
  • the contact limiting block 12 is an insulating material.
  • the first elastic member 13 is a first spring; the second elastic member 15 is a second spring.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Robotics (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

一种移动机器人自主充电装置，包括充电座（1）和充电触片（21）。充电座包括充电触头（11）和与充电触头连接的第一弹性件（13）；充电触片用于与充电触头相接触进行充电。充电座还包括缓冲块（14）、第二弹性件（15）和安装盒（16）。充电触头通过第一弹性件与缓冲块连接；缓冲块套设在安装盒内；第二弹性件的一端与缓冲块连接，另一端与安装盒连接。该装置能够抵消移动机器人充电时的对位不准所产生的偏角，以及缓冲充电触头与充电触片对接时产生的冲击力，有利于延长充电装置寿命，提高充电效率，使得充电更稳定，且可进行大电流充电。

Description

一种移动机器人自主充电装置
技术领域
本发明属于仓储物流辅助装置领域，具体涉及一种移动机器人自主充电装置。
背景技术
无人搬运机器人也称自动导引车（AGV），是一种应用于自动化物料搬运领域的设备，具有自动化程度高、应用灵活、安全可靠、效率高及维修方便等诸多优点，因而广泛地应用与汽车制造业、食品行业、烟草行业、工程机械行业等物流运输场所，其在各类公共服务场所诸如机场、医院、办公大楼也有所建树。这些优势也使得无人搬运机器人成为了现代物流系统中的关键设备，成为了“机器换人”计划中的重要成员之一。
由于无人搬运机器人供电系统为车载电源，需要进行充电方可运转。若用传统的手动充电则会增加人力，故搬运机器人的自主充电装置应运而生。自主充电装置需要考虑到充电对接的精度问题，也得考虑到大电流充电时充电头的过流能力。移动机器人在自动对接充电时，往往由于对接角度偏差使得对接不成功，无法高效完成自主充电动作，且易损坏设备。
发明内容
本发明为了解决上述问题，提出了一种移动机器人自主充电装置，能够抵消移动机器人充电时的对位不准所产生的偏角。
本发明公开了一种移动机器人自主充电装置，包括充电座和充电触片，充电座包括充电触头和与充电触头连接的第一弹性件；充电触片用于与充电触头相接触进行充电。充电触头和第一弹性件使得该充电座具有了第一自由度及第二自由度。当充电触片与充电触头对接产生冲击力时，第一弹性件可以缓冲该冲击力，同时小幅度摆动，从而抵消充电触片与充电触头对接充电时的对位不准所产生的偏角并使充电触头压紧充电触片。
进一步地，第一弹性件是第一弹簧。
进一步地，充电座还包括缓冲块、第二弹性件和安装盒；充电触头通过第一弹性件与缓冲块连接；缓冲块套设在安装盒内；第二弹性件的一端与缓冲块连接，另一端与安装盒连接。缓冲块、安装盒和第二弹性件也使得该充电座具有了第二自由度。缓冲块可带动充电触头随第二弹性件的形变而在安装盒内发生滑动，当充电触片与充电触头对接产生冲击力时，第二弹性件也可以缓冲该冲击力。
进一步地，第二弹性件是第二弹簧。优选地，第二弹簧比第一弹簧大。
进一步地，充电座还包括触头限位块；触头限位块套设在充电触头外，充电触头露出触头限位块；触头限位块为绝缘材料。
进一步地，第一弹性件的数量与充电触头的数量相等。
进一步地，充电触片的外表面的长度大于充电触头的外表面的长度。这有利于抵消充电触片与充电触头对接充电时的定位偏差，只要充电触头与充电触片的任一一段相接触即可。
进一步地，充电触片的外表面为长条形，充电触头的外表面为正方形；长条形的宽度大于等于正方形的宽度。
在另一种实施方式中，充电触片的外表面的长度小于充电触头的外表面的长度。这有利于抵消充电触片与充电触头对接充电时的定位偏差，只要充电触片与充电触头的任一一段相接触即可。
进一步地，充电触片与充电触头均包含电源正极和电源负极。
进一步地，充电触片的数量与充电触头的数量相等。
优选地，充电触片的数量与充电触头的数量为2个或者3个。
进一步地，充电触片设置在移动机器人上。
本发明的有益效果是：在移动机器人在需要充电时，将自主移动到该充电座前，通过安装于移动机器人上的充电触片与安装于充电座前端的充电触头接触对移动机器人进行充电，移动机器人在对准充电座进行充电过程中所产生的角度偏差通过充电座所具有的第一自由度抵消；移动机器人在对准充电座进行充电过程中所产生的冲击力通过充电座所具有的第一自由度和第二自由度缓冲；移动机器人在对准充电座进行充电过程中所产生的位移偏差则通过充电触片与充电触头的形状尺寸差异来抵消。移动机器人自主充电装置可适用于大电流充电。
以下结合附图对本发明的构思、具体结构及产生的技术效果作进一步说明，以充分地了解本发明的目的、特征和效果。
附图说明
图1是本发明所涉及的移动机器人自主充电装置的一种具体实施方式的立体结构示意图；
图2是本发明所涉及的充电座的一种具体实施方式的俯视图；
图3是图2沿AA线的剖面图。
具体实施方式
图1示出了本发明涉及的移动机器人自主充电装置的优选实施方式。在该实施方式中，该移动机器人自主充电装置包括充电座1、充电触片21。充电触片21设置在移动机器人2上。图2和图3示出了本发明涉及的移动机器人自主充电装置的一个具体实施方式的充电座。充电座1包括充电触头11、触头限位块12、第一弹性件13、缓冲块14、第二弹性件15和安装盒16。
充电触头11通过第一弹性件13与缓冲块14连接。缓冲块14套设在安装盒16内，露出充电触头11。第二弹性件15的一端与缓冲块14连接，第二弹性件15的另一端与安装盒16连接。充电触头11和第一弹性件13使得充电座1具有了第一自由度（绕z轴旋转的自由度）和第二自由度（x轴方向的自由度）。缓冲块14、安装盒16和第二弹性件15也使得充电座1具有了第二自由度（x轴方向的自由度）。
第一自由度的作用是：充电触头11随第一弹性件13的形变而在触头限位块12内发生绕z轴的小幅度摆动，从而抵消充电触片21与充电触头11对接充电时的对位不准所产生的偏角。
第二自由度的作用是：当充电触片21与充电触头11对接产生x轴方向的冲击力时，第一弹性件13以及第二弹性件15可以缓冲该冲击力，同时使充电触头11压紧充电触片21。
在本实施方式中，第一弹性件13的数量、充电触头11的数量、充电触片21的数量均为3个。充电触片21的外表面的长度大于充电触头11的外表面的长度。这里的长度指y轴方向的长度。这有利于抵消充电触片与充电触头对接充电时的定位偏差，只要充电触头与充电触片的任一一段相接触即可。充电触片21的外表面为长条形，充电触头11的外表面为正方形，且该长条形的宽度大于该正方形的宽度。充电触片21与充电触头11均包含电源正极和电源负极。触头限位块12为绝缘材料。第一弹性件13是第一弹簧；第二弹性件15是第二弹簧。
以上详细描述了本发明的较佳具体实施例。应当理解，本领域的普通技术无需创造性劳动就可以根据本发明的构思作出诸多修改和变化。因此，凡本技术领域中技术人员依本发明的构思在现有技术的基础上通过逻辑分析、推理或者有限的实验可以得到的技术方案，皆应在由权利要求书所确定的保护范围内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种移动机器人自主充电装置，其特征在于，包括充电座和充电触片，所述充电座包括充电触头和与所述充电触头连接的第一弹性件；所述充电触片用于与所述充电触头相接触进行充电。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的移动机器人自主充电装置，其特征在于，所述充电座还包括缓冲块、第二弹性件和安装盒；所述充电触头通过所述第一弹性件与所述缓冲块连接；所述缓冲块套设在所述安装盒内；所述第二弹性件的一端与所述缓冲块连接，另一端与所述安装盒连接。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的移动机器人自主充电装置，其特征在于，所述充电座还包括触头限位块；所述触头限位块套设在所述充电触头外，所述充电触头露出所述触头限位块；所述触头限位块为绝缘材料。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的移动机器人自主充电装置，其特征在于，所述第一弹性件的数量与所述充电触头的数量相等。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的移动机器人自主充电装置，其特征在于，所述充电触片的外表面的长度大于所述充电触头的外表面的长度。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的移动机器人自主充电装置，其特征在于，所述充电触片的外表面的长度小于所述充电触头的外表面的长度。
  7. 如权利要求1所述的移动机器人自主充电装置，其特征在于，所述充电触片与所述充电触头均包含电源正极和电源负极。
  8. 如权利要求1所述的移动机器人自主充电装置，其特征在于，所述充电触片的数量与所述充电触头的数量相等。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的移动机器人自主充电装置，其特征在于，所述数量为2个或者3个。
  10. 如权利要求1-9任一项所述的移动机器人自主充电装置，其特征在于，所述充电触片设置在移动机器人上。
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