WO2018058799A1 - 一种受电弓 - Google Patents

一种受电弓 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018058799A1
WO2018058799A1 PCT/CN2016/110095 CN2016110095W WO2018058799A1 WO 2018058799 A1 WO2018058799 A1 WO 2018058799A1 CN 2016110095 W CN2016110095 W CN 2016110095W WO 2018058799 A1 WO2018058799 A1 WO 2018058799A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
rod
bow
hinged
shaft
upper arm
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Application number
PCT/CN2016/110095
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈明国
杨瀛瑜
张彦林
陈珍宝
陈敏坚
冯叶
孙云嵩
李军
孙宁
周维
曹秀峰
王秋红
Original Assignee
中车株洲电力机车有限公司
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Application filed by 中车株洲电力机车有限公司 filed Critical 中车株洲电力机车有限公司
Priority to RU2019112841A priority Critical patent/RU2712405C1/ru
Publication of WO2018058799A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018058799A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L5/00—Current collectors for power supply lines of electrically-propelled vehicles
    • B60L5/18—Current collectors for power supply lines of electrically-propelled vehicles using bow-type collectors in contact with trolley wire
    • B60L5/20—Details of contact bow
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L5/00—Current collectors for power supply lines of electrically-propelled vehicles
    • B60L5/18—Current collectors for power supply lines of electrically-propelled vehicles using bow-type collectors in contact with trolley wire
    • B60L5/22—Supporting means for the contact bow
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L5/00—Current collectors for power supply lines of electrically-propelled vehicles
    • B60L5/18—Current collectors for power supply lines of electrically-propelled vehicles using bow-type collectors in contact with trolley wire
    • B60L5/22—Supporting means for the contact bow
    • B60L5/26—Half pantographs, e.g. using counter rocking beams
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L5/00—Current collectors for power supply lines of electrically-propelled vehicles
    • B60L5/18—Current collectors for power supply lines of electrically-propelled vehicles using bow-type collectors in contact with trolley wire
    • B60L5/22—Supporting means for the contact bow
    • B60L5/28—Devices for lifting and resetting the collector

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to rail vehicle equipment, and in particular to a pantograph.
  • the single-arm pantograph generally consists of a chassis, a lower arm, an upper arm, a tie rod, a balance bar, a bow head and the like.
  • the balance bar acts as a balance and support so that the angle of the bow to the horizontal plane during the bow raising process remains unchanged.
  • pantograph arch head plays a decisive role in the flow stability of the whole bow.
  • pantograph bow head is required to have small mass, good aerodynamic performance and structural safety.
  • the railroad bows used in rail transit vehicles are distinguished by the number of carbon skateboards. They are mainly divided into: single carbon skateboard bows and double carbon skateboard bows. And four carbon skateboard bows and so on.
  • the multi-carbon skateboard bows such as double-carbon skateboards and four-carbon skateboards have large masses, and there are large air disturbances, poor aerodynamic performance, high arcing rate and poor flow stability. Therefore, for high-speed vehicles, a pantograph of a single carbon skateboard bow is generally used.
  • the bow head shaft is generally a horizontal rod, and the bow head shaft is connected with the upper arm rod, and both sides are also connected with the spring box. Due to the structural arrangement, it is necessary to ensure that the bow shaft is connected to the spring case.
  • the connection point between the bow head shaft and the upper arm rod is larger than the distance from the slide plate, so that the bow head torque for maintaining the vertical direction of the bow head is large, the balance rod is subjected to large force, and the fatigue life is short.
  • the larger distance makes the lifting force of the air to the sliding plate larger, resulting in a large force on the components such as the spring case, and the components such as the spring case are easily damaged.
  • the balance bar 16 is a straight rod, and the structure is a two-force rod.
  • the two-force rod supports the pantograph bow head 17 during the lifting and lowering process to ensure the bow head. 17 levels.
  • the balance bar 16 is designed to be staggered from the axis of the upper arm bar 5, and there is a certain angle.
  • the tilting arrangement of the balance bar 16 is subject to a large wind resistance, which is not conducive to the aerodynamic performance of the pantograph during the flow, especially on the high-speed EMU, which has a great influence on the flow stability.
  • the present invention aims to provide a pantograph with a long service life, high safety, and reliable strength.
  • a pantograph including a chassis, a lower arm mounted on the chassis, an upper arm hinged to the lower arm, one end hinged to the lower end of the upper arm, and the other end and the chassis
  • An articulated tie rod a lifting shaft driving device, and a bow head
  • the bow head including a bow angle, a bow head shaft, an elastic buffering device connected at both ends of the bow head shaft, an elastic buffer device across the shaft end of the bow head shaft and elastic buffering
  • the upper end of the upper arm extends a connecting portion, and the connecting portion is hinged with the bow shaft.
  • the connecting position of the bow shaft and the connecting portion is away from the length of the sliding plate, and is smaller than the connection between the bow shaft and the elastic buffer device. The distance from the skateboard.
  • the utility model further comprises a balance bar system directly below the upper arm, the balance bar system comprising a first rod hinged to the upper end of the lower arm, a second rod hinged to the upper end of the upper arm, and a fourth rod hinged to the bow shaft a third rod hinged at one end to the free end of the second rod and hinged at the other end to the free end of the fourth rod;
  • the other end of the first rod is hinged to the middle of the second rod.
  • connection point between the bow shaft and the upper arm is moved upward, so that the connection distance with the upper arm is reduced relative to the slide, thereby reducing the distance between the axis of rotation of the bow and the centroid of the bow, thereby reducing the distance
  • the force of the balance bar system is reduced, and the fatigue life of the balance bar system is improved.
  • the distance reduction can also reduce the air lifting force of the sliding plate, thereby reducing the force on the elastic buffering device and the like, and improving the fatigue life of the structural component.
  • the multi-link balance bar system with multi-stage design replaces the traditional one straight balance bar structure, so that the rotation angle of the bow head during the pantograph lifting process is basically maintained, and the pantograph slide is kept horizontal.
  • the bow shaft has a ⁇ -shaped structure, and includes a hollow intermediate tube and a curved arc portion fixedly connected to the tube wall at both ends of the intermediate tube, and the two ends of the curved portion are connected with the elastic buffer device, and the middle portion
  • the tube is connected to the connecting portion;
  • connection position of the intermediate tube and the connecting portion is away from the length of the sliding plate, and is smaller than the length of the sliding plate from the connection between the curved portion and the elastic buffer device.
  • first rod is located directly below the upper arm, and the hinge position of the fourth rod and the bow shaft is located in the middle of the middle tube.
  • the first pole is hidden directly under the upper arm, and the wind resistance can be effectively reduced during high-speed running.
  • the hinge point of the lower arm and the first rod is E
  • the hinge point of the first rod and the second rod is J
  • the hinge point of the upper arm rod and the second rod is F
  • the hinge of the second rod and the third rod is hinged
  • the point is G
  • the hinge point of the third rod and the fourth rod is I
  • the hinge point of the fourth rod, the connecting portion and the bow shaft is H;
  • the fourth rod maintains an approximately translational motion, and the angular deflection of the fourth rod relative to the initial position of the fourth rod ranges from -0.5 to 0.5 degrees.
  • the so-called approximate translation means that the fourth rod is kept at a small yaw angle when moving.
  • the connecting portion is a pair of curved portions fixed at an upper end of the upper arm and symmetrically disposed, the connecting portion and the upper arm shaft form a Y-shaped structure, and the bent portion is provided with a hole connecting seat and a hole connecting seat.
  • the bolt Distributed at both ends of the intermediate tube, and the distance between the two perforated connecting seats is equal to the length of the intermediate tube, the bolt sequentially passes through the inner cavity of the perforated connecting seat and the intermediate tube, and the bending portion is hinged with the bow shaft, the middle The tube can be rotated around the bolt.
  • the connecting portion between the middle tube and the upper end of the upper arm forms a triangular structure, thereby ensuring the stability of the structure, and effectively improving the lateral rigidity of the structure after the upper arm and the bow are connected.
  • the use of a bolt-through connection ensures sufficient structural strength and ensures that the component does not fall off in the event of a foreign object impact.
  • the two ends of the intermediate tube are respectively press-fitted with engineering plastic bushings.
  • engineering plastic bushings instead of the previous powder metallurgy bushings solves the problem that the bushing processing process is difficult to control and is easily broken during use.
  • the bolt and the perforated connecting seat are pre-tightened by a nut to restrict the rotation of the bolt itself; and the hole connecting seat has a gap between the two ends of the intermediate tube. Due to the presence of the gap, the bow shaft It can rotate flexibly around the bolt.
  • the elastic buffer device is a spring case.
  • the elastic buffer device is provided with a bow angle mounting plate, and the bow angle is mounted on the bow angle mounting plate.
  • connection point of the bow head shaft and the upper arm rod up, so that the connection point with the upper arm rod is reduced relative to the slide plate distance, and the distance between the bow axis of rotation and the centroid of the bow head can be reduced, thereby reducing the use for maintaining the bow.
  • the vertical head torque of the head reduces the stress on the balance bar system and improves the fatigue life of the balance bar system.
  • the distance reduction can also reduce the air lift of the skateboard, thereby reducing the force on components such as the elastic cushioning device and improving the fatigue life of the structural components.
  • the connecting portion between the middle tube and the upper end of the upper arm forms a triangular structure to ensure the stability of the structure and effectively improve the lateral rigidity of the structure after the upper arm and the bow are connected. Moreover, the use of a bolt-through connection ensures sufficient structural strength and ensures that the component does not fall off in the event of a foreign object impact.
  • the first pole is hidden directly below the upper arm, which can effectively reduce the wind resistance during high-speed driving.
  • the multi-link balance bar system with multi-stage design replaces the traditional one straight balance bar structure, which can maintain the rotation angle of the bow head during the pantograph lifting process and improve the flow stability.
  • balance bar system adopts multi-link structure and has small installation space, it can be hidden under the upper arm, which reduces the windward area of the pantograph, reduces the wind resistance during high-speed operation, and improves the windage.
  • the aerodynamic performance of the electric bow is the most important parameter that determines the wind rate of the pantograph.
  • pantograph is lowered during the altitude operation.
  • the probability of foreign object impact increases the reliability of the pantograph application.
  • FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of a prior art pantograph.
  • Figure 2 is a front elevational view of a single skateboard bow of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a front elevational view of the single skateboard bow of the present invention after being coupled to the upper arm.
  • Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of I in Figure 3.
  • Figure 5 is a rear elevational view of Figure 3.
  • Figure 6 is a perspective view of a pantograph of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a simplified model diagram of the balance bar system of the present invention.
  • Figure 8 is a partial side elevational view of the pantograph of the present invention.
  • a pantograph includes a chassis 6, a lower arm 7 mounted on the chassis 6, an upper arm 5 hinged to the lower arm 7, and one end hinged to the lower end of the upper arm 5 and a tie rod 9 hinged to the chassis 6 at the other end, a lifting shaft driving device, and a bow head 17, the bow head 17 including a bow angle 2, a bow head shaft 3, an elastic buffer device connected at both ends of the bow head shaft 3, and a span Elastic cushioning device at both ends of the bow shaft 3
  • the elastic damping device is preferably a spring case 4.
  • the spring case 4 is provided with a bow angle mounting plate, and the bow angle 2 is mounted on the bow angle mounting plate.
  • a connecting portion 12 is extended at an upper end of the upper arm 5, and the connecting portion 12 is hinged to the bow shaft 3.
  • connection position of the bow shaft 3 and the connecting portion 12 is away from the length of the sliding plate 1 and is smaller than the length of the sliding plate 1 from the joint of the bow rotating shaft 3 and the elastic buffering device.
  • balance bar system located directly below the upper arm bar 5, the balance bar system including a first bar 8 hinged to the upper end of the lower arm bar 7, a second bar 13 hinged to the upper end of the upper arm bar 5, and hinged to the bow shaft 3
  • the fourth rod 15 a third rod 14 whose one end is hinged to the free end of the second rod 13 and whose other end is hinged to the free end of the fourth rod 15.
  • the other end of the first rod 8 is hinged to the middle of the second rod 13.
  • the bow shaft 3 has a ⁇ -shaped structure, and includes a hollow intermediate tube 31 and a curved arc segment 32 fixedly connected to the tube wall at both ends of the intermediate tube 31. Both ends of the curved section 32 are horizontal and connected to the elastic buffer device.
  • the intermediate tube 31 is connected to the connecting portion 12, and the connecting position of the intermediate tube 31 and the connecting portion 12 is away from the length of the sliding plate 1, which is smaller than the length of the sliding plate 1 from the junction of the curved portion 32 and the elastic buffer device.
  • the bow angle 2 is used to ensure that the pantograph head 17 can smoothly pass through the line and ensure that the pantograph has a sufficient safety distance from the roof.
  • the slide 1 is used to contact the contact net for receiving flow when the pantograph is in operation.
  • the spring case 4 has a spring structure inside for damping vibration shock.
  • the first rod 8 is located directly below the upper arm rod 5, and the hinged position of the fourth rod 15 and the bow head shaft 3 is located in the middle of the intermediate tube 31.
  • the connecting portion 12 is a pair of curved portions 51 fixed to the upper end of the upper arm rod 5 and symmetrically disposed.
  • the connecting portion 12 forms a Y-shaped structure together with the upper arm shaft, and the end portion of the curved portion 51 is provided with a hole connecting seat 52.
  • the hole connecting seats 52 are distributed at both ends of the intermediate pipe 31, and the distance between the two hole connecting seats 52 is equal to the intermediate pipe. The length of the 31, the bolt 10 sequentially passes through the inner cavity of the perforated connecting seat 52 and the intermediate tube 31, and the bent portion 51 is hinged with the bow reel 3, and the intermediate tube 31 is rotatable around the bolt 10.
  • An engineering plastic bushing 11 is press-fitted on both ends of the intermediate pipe 31, respectively.
  • the bolt 10 and the perforated connecting seat 52 are pre-tightened by a nut to restrict the rotation of the bolt 10 itself; the perforated connecting seat 52 has a gap with both ends of the intermediate pipe 31.
  • the hinge point of the lower arm 7 and the first rod 8 is set to E
  • the hinge point of the first rod 8 and the second rod 13 is J
  • the hinge point of the upper arm rod 5 and the second rod 13 is F
  • the hinge point of the second rod 13 and the third rod 14 is G
  • the hinge point of the third rod 14 and the fourth rod 15 is I
  • the hinge point of the fourth rod 15, the connecting portion 12 and the bow shaft 3 is H.
  • the fourth rod 15 remains approximately translational, and the angular deflection of the fourth rod 15 relative to the initial position of the fourth rod is -0.5 to 0.5 degrees.
  • the present invention is mainly supported by the upper arm 5, and the balance bar system is used to adjust its balance and stability, and to ensure that it does not undergo large rotation.
  • the lower arm 7 rotates, and the first rod 8 rotates around the hinge point E.
  • the second rod 13 rotates around the hinge point F, thereby pushing the third rod 14 Rotating, the third rod 14 pushes the fourth rod 15 to rotate relative to the upper arm rod 5, so that the bow head 17 remains horizontal as the upper arm rod 5 rotates.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Current-Collector Devices For Electrically Propelled Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

一种受电弓，包括底架（6）、下臂杆（7）、上臂杆（5）、拉杆（9）、升降弓驱动装置、弓头（17），弓头（17）包括弓角（2）、弓头转轴（3）、弹性缓冲装置、滑板（1），上臂杆（5）上端延伸设有连接部（12），连接部（12）与弓头转轴（3）铰接，弓头转轴（3）与连接部（12）的连接位置距离滑板（1）的长度，小于弓头转轴（3）与弹性缓冲装置的连接处距离滑板（1）的长度。该受电弓能够降低平衡杆系统受力，降低滑板的空气抬升力，提高结构部件疲劳寿命，并具有受流稳定性高，风阻小的优点。

Description

一种受电弓 技术领域
本发明属于轨道车辆设备,具体涉及一种受电弓。
背景技术
单臂受电弓一般由底架、下臂杆、上臂杆、拉杆、平衡杆、弓头等部件组成。平衡杆起到平衡、支撑作用，使得弓头在升弓过程中与水平面的角度维持不变。
当受电弓升弓，与网线接触受流时，由于车辆具有较大的运行速度，因此受电弓的上臂杆、下臂杆、拉杆、平衡杆等会受到较大的风阻，进而会影响到弓网之间标称接触压力的稳定，导致受流不稳定。所以，在设计制造受电弓时，都希望弓头能保持平稳。
受电弓弓头对整弓受流稳定性起决定性作用，通常为了保证受流质量及运行稳定性，要求受电弓弓头具有质量小、空气动力性能好、结构安全等特点。
目前，轨道交通类车辆，如动车组、干线电力机车及城轨车辆等所用受电弓弓头结构中，以碳滑板数目来区分，主要分为：单碳滑板弓头、双碳滑板弓头及四碳滑板弓头等。在高速运行时，双碳滑板、四碳滑板等多碳滑板弓头质量较大，碳滑板间存在较大空气扰动、空气动力性能较差，燃弧率较高，受流稳定性较差。所以对于高速车辆，一般采用单碳滑板弓头的受电弓。
但现有技术的单碳滑板弓头受自身结构与外部连接方式的限制，存在如下缺陷：
1.弓头转轴一般为一根水平杆，弓头转轴与上臂杆连接，同时两侧也与弹簧盒连接。由于结构布置的关系，要保证弓头转轴与弹簧盒连接，就会造成 弓头转轴与上臂杆的连接点离滑板的距离较大，从而导致用于保持弓头垂直的弓头转矩较大，平衡杆受力大，疲劳寿命短。
而且，较大的距离使得空气对滑板的抬升力较大，导致对弹簧盒等部件的作用力大，容易损坏弹簧盒等部件。
2.在受到重大冲击时，上臂杆与弓头连接处的连接销轴易断裂而发生弓头掉落事件，严重影响车辆其他设备安全及车辆周边安全。
3.如图1所示，其平衡杆16为一根直杆，在结构上为二力杆，此二力杆在升降弓过程中对受电弓弓头17起到支撑作用，保证弓头17水平。为了保证弓头17水平，并且平衡杆16与其它部件之间几何参数相配合，使得平衡杆16在设计时均与上臂杆5的轴线错开布置，存在一定夹角。倾斜布置的平衡杆16受到较大的风阻，不利于受电弓在受流时的空气动力性能，尤其是在高速动车组上，对受流稳定性影响较大。
发明内容
针对上述问题，本发明旨在提供一种使用寿命长、安全性高、强度可靠的受电弓。
本发明解决问题的技术方案是：一种受电弓，包括底架、安装在底架上的下臂杆、与下臂杆铰接的上臂杆、一端与上臂杆下端铰接且另一端与底架铰接的拉杆、升降弓驱动装置、以及弓头，所述弓头包括弓角、弓头转轴、连接在弓头转轴两端的弹性缓冲装置、横跨弓头转轴两端的弹性缓冲装置并与弹性缓冲装置固定连接的滑板，上臂杆上端延伸设有连接部，该连接部与弓头转轴铰接，所述弓头转轴与连接部的连接位置距离滑板的长度，小于弓头转轴与弹性缓冲装置的连接处距离滑板的长度。
进一步的，还包括位于上臂杆正下方的平衡杆系统，该平衡杆系统包括与下臂杆上端铰接的第一杆、与上臂杆上端铰接的第二杆、与弓头转轴铰接的第四杆、一端与第二杆的自由端铰接且另一端与第四杆的自由端铰接的第三杆；
所述第一杆的另一端与第二杆的中部铰接。
上述方案中，将弓头转轴与上臂杆的连接点上移，使得与上臂杆的连接点相对滑板距离缩小，这样可以减小弓头转动轴线与弓头质心之间的距离，从而减小用于保持弓头垂直的弓头转矩，进而降低平衡杆系统的受力，提高平衡杆系统的疲劳寿命。同时，距离缩小还可降低滑板的空气抬升力，从而降低对弹性缓冲装置等部件的作用力，提高结构部件疲劳寿命。
同时，采用多段设计的多连杆的平衡杆系统代替传统的一根直的平衡杆结构，可以使受电弓升降弓过程中弓头转动角度基本维持不变，使受电弓滑板保持水平。
具体的，所述弓头转轴为π形结构，包括中空的中间管、与中间管两端的管壁固定连接的弯弧段，所述弯弧段的两端与弹性缓冲装置连接,所述中间管与连接部连接；
所述中间管与连接部的连接位置距离滑板的长度，小于弯弧段与弹性缓冲装置的连接处距离滑板的长度。
进一步的，所述第一杆位于上臂杆正下方，第四杆与弓头转轴的铰接位置位于中间管的正中间。
上述方案中，将第一杆隐藏于上臂杆的正下方，在高速行驶过程中，可有效降低风阻。
进一步的，下臂杆与第一杆的铰接点为E，第一杆与第二杆的铰接点为J，上臂杆与第二杆的铰接点为F，第二杆与第三杆的铰接点为G，第三杆与第四杆的铰接点为I，第四杆、连接部与弓头转轴的铰接点为H；
各铰接点之间的长度比例关系为，DE:DF:FH:EJ:FG:GI:HI＝159：1882:154:1729.5:80:150:90。
更进一步的，在受电弓升降弓过程中，第四杆保持近似平动，第四杆相对第四杆初始位置的角度偏摆范围为-0.5～0.5度。所谓近似平动是指第四杆运动时保持在一个很小的偏摆角度。
具体的，所述连接部为固定在上臂杆上端且对称设置的一对弯曲部，连接部与上臂杆杆身一起组成Y形结构，弯曲部端部设有带孔连接座，带孔连接座分布于中间管的两端，且两个带孔连接座之间的距离等于中间管的长度，螺栓依次穿过带孔连接座和中间管的内腔，将弯曲部与弓头转轴铰接，中间管可绕螺栓转动。
上述方案中，中间管与上臂杆上端的连接部形成一个三角形结构，从而保证结构的稳定性，有效提高上臂杆与弓头连接后结构的横向刚度。并且，采用一根螺栓贯穿式连接，能够保证足够的结构强度，有效保证部件在发生异物撞击时不会发生脱落。
优选的，所述中间管两端分别压装有工程塑料衬套。采用工程塑料衬套代替以往粉末冶金衬套，解决了该种衬套加工工艺难控制，使用过程中较易破裂的问题。
具体的，所述螺栓与带孔连接座之间通过螺母预紧，限制螺栓自身转动；所述带孔连接座与中间管的两端存在间隙。由于间隙的存在，使得弓头转轴 能够绕螺栓灵活转动。
优选的，所述弹性缓冲装置为弹簧盒。
具体的，所述弹性缓冲装置上设有弓角安装板，所述弓角安装于弓角安装板上。
本发明的显著效果是：
1.将弓头转轴与上臂杆的连接点上移，使得与上臂杆的连接点相对滑板距离缩小，可以减小弓头转动轴线与弓头质心之间的距离，从而减小用于保持弓头垂直的弓头转矩，进而降低平衡杆系统受力，提高了平衡杆系统的疲劳寿命。
2.距离缩小还可降低滑板的空气抬升力，从而降低对弹性缓冲装置等部件的作用力，提高结构部件疲劳寿命。
3.中间管与上臂杆上端的连接部形成一个三角形结构，保证结构的稳定性，有效提高上臂杆与弓头连接后结构的横向刚度。并且，采用一根螺栓贯穿式连接，能够保证足够的结构强度，有效保证部件在发生异物撞击时不会发生脱落。
4.第一杆隐藏于上臂杆的正下方，在高速行驶过程中，可有效降低风阻。
5.采用多段设计的多连杆的平衡杆系统代替传统的一根直的平衡杆结构，可以使受电弓升降弓过程中弓头转动角度维持不变，提高了受流稳定性。
6.由于平衡杆系统采用多连杆结构，具有较小的安装空间，因此可以隐藏布置在上臂杆正下方，减小了受电弓的迎风面积，降低了高速运行中的风阻，改善了受电弓的空气动力学性能。
而且由于布置在上臂杆正下方，降低了受电弓在高度运行过程中，被空中 异物撞击的概率，提高了受电弓应用的可靠性。
7.由于平衡杆系统的杆件安装在上臂杆与下臂杆之间，均为外置，具有易于检修的特点。
附图说明
下面结合附图对本发明作进一步说明。
图1为现有技术受电弓结构图。
图2为本发明单滑板弓头主视图。
图3为本发明单滑板弓头与上臂杆连接后的主视图。
图4为图3中Ⅰ的剖视图。
图5为图3的背面视图。
图6为本发明受电弓立体图。
图7为本发明平衡杆系统简化模型图。
图8为本发明受电弓局部侧视图。
图中：1-滑板，2-弓角，3-弓头转轴，4-弹簧盒,5-上臂杆,6-底架，7-下臂杆,8-第一杆,9-拉杆,10-螺栓,11-工程塑料衬套,12-连接部,13-第二杆,14-第三杆,15-第四杆，16-平衡杆，17-弓头，31-中间管，32-弯弧段,51-弯曲部,52-带孔连接座。
具体实施方式
如图2～8所示，一种受电弓，包括底架6、安装在底架6上的下臂杆7、与下臂杆7铰接的上臂杆5、一端与上臂杆5下端铰接且另一端与底架6铰接的拉杆9、升降弓驱动装置、以及弓头17，所述弓头17包括弓角2、弓头转轴3、连接在弓头转轴3两端的弹性缓冲装置、横跨弓头转轴3两端的弹性缓冲装置并 与弹性缓冲装置固定连接的滑板1。所述弹性缓冲装置优选为弹簧盒4。所述弹簧盒4上设有弓角安装板，所述弓角2安装于弓角安装板上。上臂杆5上端延伸设有连接部12，该连接部12与弓头转轴3铰接。
所述弓头转轴3与连接部12的连接位置距离滑板1的长度，小于弓头转轴3与弹性缓冲装置的连接处距离滑板1的长度。
还包括位于上臂杆5正下方的平衡杆系统，该平衡杆系统包括与下臂杆7上端铰接的第一杆8、与上臂杆5上端铰接的第二杆13、与弓头转轴3铰接的第四杆15、一端与第二杆13的自由端铰接且另一端与第四杆15的自由端铰接的第三杆14。
所述第一杆8的另一端与第二杆13的中部铰接。
一种具体的方案中，所述弓头转轴3为π形结构，包括中空的中间管31、与中间管31两端的管壁固定连接的弯弧段32。所述弯弧段32的两端水平且与弹性缓冲装置连接。所述中间管31与连接部12连接，中间管31与连接部12的连接位置距离滑板1的长度，小于弯弧段32与弹性缓冲装置的连接处距离滑板1的长度。弓角2用于保证受电弓弓头17能够平稳的通过过线岔且保证受电弓与车顶有足够安全距离。滑板1用于在受电弓工作时与接触网接触以进行受流。弹簧盒4内部有弹簧结构，用于缓冲振动冲击。
所述第一杆8位于上臂杆5正下方，第四杆15与弓头转轴3的铰接位置位于中间管31的正中间。
所述连接部12为固定在上臂杆5上端且对称设置的一对弯曲部51，连接部12与上臂杆杆身一起组成Y形结构，弯曲部51端部设有带孔连接座52，带孔连接座52分布于中间管31的两端，且两个带孔连接座52之间的距离等于中间管 31的长度，螺栓10依次穿过带孔连接座52和中间管31的内腔，将弯曲部51与弓头转轴3铰接，中间管31可绕螺栓10转动。
所述中间管31两端分别压装有工程塑料衬套11。所述螺栓10与带孔连接座52之间通过螺母预紧，限制螺栓10自身转动；所述带孔连接座52与中间管31的两端存在间隙。
为描述方便，设定下臂杆7与第一杆8的铰接点为E，第一杆8与第二杆13的铰接点为J，上臂杆5与第二杆13的铰接点为F，第二杆13与第三杆14的铰接点为G，第三杆14与第四杆15的铰接点为I，第四杆15、连接部12与弓头转轴3的铰接点为H。一种优选的方案中，各铰接点之间的长度比例关系为，DE:DF:FH:EJ:FG:GI:HI＝159：1882:154:1729.5:80:150:90。
在受电弓升降弓过程中，第四杆15保持近似平动，第四杆15相对第四杆初始位置的角度偏摆范围为-0.5～0.5度。
本发明在受电弓结构中，主要用上臂杆5来支撑，用平衡杆系统来调节其平衡和稳定，并保证其不发生较大转动。当受电弓升起时，下臂杆7转动，第一杆8绕铰接点E转动，在第一杆8的推动作用下，第二杆13绕铰接点F转动，进而推动第三杆14转动，第三杆14推动第四杆15做相对于上臂杆5的转动，从而使得弓头17在随着上臂杆5转动的过程中保持水平。

Claims (11)

  1. 一种受电弓，包括底架(6)、安装在底架(6)上的下臂杆(7)、与下臂杆(7)铰接的上臂杆(5)、一端与上臂杆(5)下端铰接且另一端与底架(6)铰接的拉杆(9)、升降弓驱动装置、以及弓头(17)，所述弓头(17)包括弓角(2)、弓头转轴(3)、连接在弓头转轴(3)两端的弹性缓冲装置、横跨弓头转轴(3)两端的弹性缓冲装置并与弹性缓冲装置固定连接的滑板(1)，上臂杆(5)上端延伸设有连接部(12)，该连接部(12)与弓头转轴(3)铰接，其特征在于：所述弓头转轴(3)与连接部(12)的连接位置距离滑板(1)的长度，小于弓头转轴(3)与弹性缓冲装置的连接处距离滑板(1)的长度。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的受电弓，其特征在于：还包括位于上臂杆(5)正下方的平衡杆系统，该平衡杆系统包括与下臂杆(7)上端铰接的第一杆(8)、与上臂杆(5)上端铰接的第二杆(13)、与弓头转轴(3)铰接的第四杆(15)、一端与第二杆(13)的自由端铰接且另一端与第四杆(15)的自由端铰接的第三杆(14)；
    所述第一杆(8)的另一端与第二杆(13)的中部铰接。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的受电弓，其特征在于：所述弓头转轴(3)为π形结构，包括中空的中间管(31)、与中间管(31)两端的管壁固定连接的弯弧段(32)，所述弯弧段(32)的两端与弹性缓冲装置连接,所述中间管(31)与连接部(12)连接；
    所述中间管(31)与连接部(12)的连接位置距离滑板(1)的长度，小于弯弧段(32)与弹性缓冲装置的连接处距离滑板(1)的长度。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的受电弓，其特征在于：所述第一杆(8)位于上 臂杆(5)正下方，第四杆(15)与弓头转轴(3)的铰接位置位于中间管(31)的正中间。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的受电弓，其特征在于：下臂杆(7)与第一杆(8)的铰接点为E，第一杆(8)与第二杆(13)的铰接点为J，上臂杆(5)与第二杆(13)的铰接点为F，第二杆(13)与第三杆(14)的铰接点为G，第三杆(14)与第四杆(15)的铰接点为I，第四杆(15)、连接部(12)与弓头转轴(3)的铰接点为H；
    各铰接点之间的长度比例关系为，DE:DF:FH:EJ:FG:GI:HI＝159：1882:154:1729.5:80:150:90。
  6. 根据权利要求2所述的受电弓，其特征在于：在受电弓升降弓过程中，第四杆(15)保持近似平动，第四杆(15)相对第四杆初始位置的角度偏摆范围为-0.5～0.5度。
  7. 根据权利要求3所述的受电弓，其特征在于：所述连接部(12)为固定在上臂杆(5)上端且对称设置的一对弯曲部(51)，连接部(12)与上臂杆杆身一起组成Y形结构，弯曲部(51)端部设有带孔连接座(52)，带孔连接座(52)分布于中间管(31)的两端，且两个带孔连接座(52)之间的距离等于中间管(31)的长度，螺栓(10)依次穿过带孔连接座(52)和中间管(31)的内腔，将弯曲部(51)与弓头转轴(3)铰接，中间管(31)可绕螺栓(10)转动。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的受电弓，其特征在于：所述中间管(31)两端分别压装有工程塑料衬套(11)。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的受电弓，其特征在于：所述螺栓(10)与带孔连接座(52)之间通过螺母预紧，限制螺栓(10)自身转动；所述带孔连接 座(52)与中间管(31)的两端存在间隙。
  10. 根据权利要求1或2或3所述的受电弓，其特征在于：所述弹性缓冲装置为弹簧盒(4)。
  11. 根据权利要求1或2或3所述的受电弓，其特征在于：所述弹性缓冲装置上设有弓角安装板，所述弓角(2)安装于弓角安装板上。
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