WO2018043730A1 - 剪断加工方法 - Google Patents
剪断加工方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2018043730A1 WO2018043730A1 PCT/JP2017/031681 JP2017031681W WO2018043730A1 WO 2018043730 A1 WO2018043730 A1 WO 2018043730A1 JP 2017031681 W JP2017031681 W JP 2017031681W WO 2018043730 A1 WO2018043730 A1 WO 2018043730A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- protrusions
- punch
- protrusion
- shearing
- workpiece
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23D—PLANING; SLOTTING; SHEARING; BROACHING; SAWING; FILING; SCRAPING; LIKE OPERATIONS FOR WORKING METAL BY REMOVING MATERIAL, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23D35/00—Tools for shearing machines or shearing devices; Holders or chucks for shearing tools
- B23D35/001—Tools for shearing machines or shearing devices; Holders or chucks for shearing tools cutting members
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D28/00—Shaping by press-cutting; Perforating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D28/00—Shaping by press-cutting; Perforating
- B21D28/24—Perforating, i.e. punching holes
- B21D28/34—Perforating tools; Die holders
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23D—PLANING; SLOTTING; SHEARING; BROACHING; SAWING; FILING; SCRAPING; LIKE OPERATIONS FOR WORKING METAL BY REMOVING MATERIAL, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23D15/00—Shearing machines or shearing devices cutting by blades which move parallel to themselves
- B23D15/04—Shearing machines or shearing devices cutting by blades which move parallel to themselves having only one moving blade
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23D—PLANING; SLOTTING; SHEARING; BROACHING; SAWING; FILING; SCRAPING; LIKE OPERATIONS FOR WORKING METAL BY REMOVING MATERIAL, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23D15/00—Shearing machines or shearing devices cutting by blades which move parallel to themselves
- B23D15/06—Sheet shears
Definitions
- the present invention is made of iron, copper, zinc, tin, aluminum, titanium, magnesium, or an alloy based on them used in automobiles, home appliances, building structures, ships, bridges, construction machinery, various plants, etc. More particularly, the present invention relates to a shearing method capable of enhancing fatigue characteristics and hydrogen embrittlement resistance on a sheared surface of a metal plate joined by welding.
- the shearing process such as punching and punching of a thin metal plate by a press has high production efficiency and low processing cost, and is therefore widely used for processing electronic devices and automobile parts.
- residual stress hereinafter referred to simply as “residual stress” unless otherwise specified
- Hydrogen embrittlement cracking also referred to as “placement cracking” or “delayed fracture”
- placement cracking tends to occur, and there is a problem that fatigue resistance is reduced.
- welded zone a welded portion composed of a weld metal and a heat-affected zone
- the metal thin plate referred to in the present specification is a cold rolled plate or a thickness to be subjected to hole expansion processing or flange-up processing of the sheared portion after performing punching or punching shearing by a press. It is a metal plate made of iron, copper, zinc, tin, aluminum, titanium, magnesium or an alloy based on each, and is a plate having a thickness of 3.0 mm or less.
- the punching end surface of the workpiece after the punching is performed is a sag formed by pressing the workpiece with a punch, and a space between the punch and the die (hereinafter, sometimes simply referred to as “clearance”).
- Work material is drawn into the shear surface, which is formed by locally stretching, the fracture surface formed by breaking the work material during the formation of the shear surface, and the punching back surface of the work material Consists of generated burrs.
- the above-mentioned punched end face has a sag, shear surface, fracture surface, and burr generation within the required range, stretch flangeability, fatigue resistance, hydrogen embrittlement resistance, etc.
- the clearance and tool shape are adjusted with the aim of improving the end face characteristics.
- Patent Document 1 uses a tool having a bending blade having a convex shape at the tip of a punch and / or a cutting edge of a die and having a predetermined radius of curvature and a blade shoulder angle. It is disclosed that the work hardening and the tensile residual stress on the end face after processing are reduced by setting the clearance to 25% or less of the thickness of the workpiece.
- Non-Patent Document 1 reports that the clearance is set to 1% or less in the thickness ratio with respect to the thickness of the workpiece, and shearing is performed under a high compressive stress to reduce the tensile residual stress on the drawing surface.
- Patent Document 2 discloses a method of performing a hole punching process with excellent burring performance by setting the direction excellent in ductility and the cutting edge direction of a wedge-shaped punch to 10 ° or less.
- Patent Document 3 discloses a press molding machine that includes an upper mold that molds different parts and a lower mold that molds the different parts, and simultaneously molds the different parts.
- the upper mold has a plurality of upper mold parts for molding the respective parts, a blank holder provided at the center of the upper mold part, and a convex shape that protrudes downward on the lower surface of the upper blank holder. It has a cutting part.
- Patent Document 4 discloses a trimming device that includes a lower blade that supports a pressed workpiece, and an upper blade that moves forward with respect to the lower blade to shear a part of the workpiece. Has been.
- the trimming device is integrally provided with a protruding blade that protrudes in a moving direction of the upper blade on a part of the upper blade and bites into the workpiece in advance when the upper break is lowered.
- the shearing process can be controlled to reduce the residual stress on the shear end face, the hydrogen embrittlement resistance and fatigue resistance can be improved (for example, see Patent Document 1 and Non-Patent Document 1).
- Patent Document 1 there is a difficulty in the sheared surface formed by the method of Patent Document 1. That is, when the punch shape is made uniform in the cutting ridge line direction, there is a problem that cracks are likely to occur in the welded portion having low ductility and toughness on the sheared surface.
- the shearing conditions are controlled so as to reduce the residual stress of the welded portion with priority, fatigue resistance and hydrogen embrittlement resistance can be further improved on the sheared surface of the workpiece. If the punch-to-die clearance is less than 1% of the thickness of the workpiece, as in the method, the punch contacts the die due to slight deviation of the punch, and the punch and / or die breaks. There is a risk of doing.
- Patent Document 2 discloses a shearing process in which shearing is performed with a shear line intersecting with a welded portion. That is, none of Patent Documents 1 to 3 discloses conditions for reducing the residual stress on the sheared surface of the weld.
- the present invention provides a work material obtained by welding a steel plate having a large step width and / or a strength of 1000 MPa or more and another steel plate (including a steel plate having a strength of 1000 MPa or more).
- a shearing method that solves the problem by forming a sheared surface with low residual stress and extending the life of the punch in the shearing process where the shearing line intersects with the welded part. The purpose is to do. By reducing the residual stress, the surface properties of the fracture surface are improved, and as a result, the hydrogen embrittlement resistance is improved.
- the present inventors diligently studied a method for solving the above problems.
- two protrusions for example, wedge-shaped protrusions
- the workpiece is such that all or part of the welded portion is positioned between the two protrusions.
- the present inventors also show that (x) residual stress is small and surface properties even when the workpiece is a workpiece obtained by welding a steel plate having a strength of 1000 MPa or more and another steel plate (including a steel plate having a strength of 1000 MPa or more). It was found that an excellent shearing surface can be formed, and (y) it is possible to extend the life of the punch by suppressing the progress of wear of the protrusion on the cutting edge.
- the present invention has been made based on the above findings, and the gist thereof is as follows.
- the shape of the tip of the two protrusions is a flat shape, an arc shape, or a slope shape in the cross section formed by the ridge line formed by the cutting edge of the punch and the moving direction of the punch.
- the shape of the tip of the two protrusions is a flat shape, an arc shape, or a slope shape, respectively, in the cross section formed by the ridge line formed by the punch cutting edge and the moving direction of the punch, and The shearing method according to (1) or (2), wherein the shearing method is different.
- the two protrusions are formed with a gradually decreasing height in a direction parallel to the welded portion of the workpiece. Shearing method.
- the distance D (mm) between the tips of the two protrusions is 0.8 ⁇ d to 3.0 ⁇ d (mm) with respect to the width d (mm) of the welded portion.
- a shear line that crosses a welded portion between a workpiece having a large step width at a welded portion and / or a steel plate having a strength of 1000 MPa or more and another steel plate (including a steel plate having a strength of 1000 MPa or more).
- the shearing process it is possible to form a sheared surface with low residual stress, excellent surface properties, excellent tensile properties, fatigue resistance properties, and hydrogen embrittlement resistance properties, and the life of the punch Can be prolonged.
- (A) shows a protrusion having a flat tip shape
- (b) shows a protrusion having an arc shape (R shape)
- (c) shows a slope shape (inclination angle).
- the protrusion of ⁇ ) is shown. It is a figure which shows the shape of the longitudinal direction of a permite
- (A) shows protrusions having the same longitudinal height
- (b) shows protrusions whose longitudinal height decreases linearly
- FIG. It is a figure explaining the basic concept of the shearing method of this invention in the case where the shape of the said 2URS
- (C) shows that the horizontal axis of FIGS. 8 and 9 is a distance x (mm) from the center position where the center position of the welded portion is 0. The result of having measured the residual stress in a shearing surface using the shearing apparatus which is not provided with two protrusions in the blade edge
- the shearing method of the present invention (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “the method of the present invention”) will be described with reference to the drawings.
- FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of one aspect of a shearing device that performs shearing of a workpiece including a welded portion with a punch having two protrusions on a blade edge.
- FIG. 2 is a front view of the shearing apparatus shown in FIG. 1, wherein all or part of the welded portion 9 of the workpiece 1 having a step in the welded portion is formed by the two protrusions 2b and 2c of the punch.
- a mode in which the workpiece 1 is fixed by a die 3 and a stopper 8 so as to be positioned between them and sheared by a shear line crossing a welded portion is shown.
- FIG. 3 shows a side aspect of the shearing apparatus shown in FIG. In the figure, an X axis, a Y axis, and a Z axis indicate three axes that are orthogonal to each other.
- the “projection” is a projection that protrudes in the moving direction of the punch from the cutting edge of the punch, and in the cross section formed by the ridge line formed by the cutting edge of the punch and the moving direction of the punch, It is preferable that the width of the protrusion becomes smaller along the tip direction of the protrusion.
- the “wedge-shaped” protrusion 2 b and the protrusion 2 c having a sharp tip shape are illustrated, but in the method of the present invention, the shape of the tip of the protrusion is the surface property of the shearing surface of the welded portion. As long as it contributes to improvement, it is not limited to a specific shape.
- FIG. 4 illustrates protrusions with different tip shapes.
- FIG. 4A shows a protrusion having a flat tip at the cross section formed by the ridgeline formed by the punch cutting edge and the moving direction of the punch.
- FIG. 4B shows a protrusion having a circular arc shape (R shape) at the tip in the cross section formed by the ridgeline formed by the punch cutting edge and the moving direction of the punch.
- FIG. 4C shows a protrusion whose tip shape is inclined (inclination angle ⁇ ) in the cross section formed by the ridge line formed by the punch cutting edge and the moving direction of the punch.
- the shape of the protrusion is appropriately selected according to the aspect of the workpiece and the aspect of the shearing process, and will be described in detail later.
- W is the width of the base end portion of the protrusion
- H is the height of the protrusion.
- the two protrusions are formed on the cutting edge of the punch so that all or part of the welded portion of the workpiece is located between the two protrusions. That is, the two protrusions are formed at least on the cutting edge of the punch surface of the punch so as to sandwich all or part of the welded portion of the workpiece from both sides of the welded portion (FIGS. 1 to 3, reference).
- the height (H) of the protrusion is not necessarily constant.
- FIGS. 5 (a) to 5 (b) show examples of the shape of the protrusion in the longitudinal direction (the ridge line formed by the punch cutting edge and the direction perpendicular to the moving direction of the punch).
- the protrusions in FIG. 5A have a constant height in the longitudinal direction
- the protrusions in FIG. 5B have a linearly decreasing height in the longitudinal direction, as shown in FIG.
- the protrusion gradually decreases in height along the longitudinal direction.
- a protrusion having a constant height in the longitudinal direction is formed on the punch surface (see FIG. 5A).
- the punch surface in consideration of the aspect of the workpiece and / or the aspect of the shearing process, for example, when the hardness of the punch including the protrusion can be sufficiently ensured compared to the workpiece, or the punch including the protrusion is damaged.
- a protrusion whose height decreases linearly in the longitudinal direction may be formed, or the longitudinal direction thereof may be formed as shown in FIG. 5 (c). You may form the proceedings
- the shearing device 10 includes a punch 2 having two wedge-shaped projections 2b and a projection 2c, a die 3, and a stopper 8.
- the stopper 8 fixes the workpiece 1 placed on the die 3.
- the workpiece 1 is formed by welding two types of metal plates (for example, steel plates), which are formed into a plate shape by rolling and differing in strength as necessary, and in the center is a stepped weld. Part 9 (see FIG. 2).
- FIG. 2 shows an aspect in which a workpiece having a step in the welded portion is sheared.
- the method of the present invention can be applied to a workpiece having a step in the welded portion (a metal plate having the same thickness but different strength). Naturally, it can be sheared (including workpieces joined by welding).
- the tip 2c ′ of the protrusion 2c of the punch 2 is formed on the metal plate 1b on which the workpiece 1 placed on the die 3 is thick. Abut.
- the tip 2b 'of the protrusion 2b of the punch 2 comes into contact with the metal plate 1a where the workpiece 1 is thin.
- the workpiece 1 is A portion including the welded portion sandwiched between the protrusion 2b and the protrusion 2c is distorted downward and curved.
- the workpiece 1 is sheared by receiving a shearing action by the punch 2 and the die 3 in a curved state distorted downward.
- All or part of the welded portion of the workpiece needs to be located between the protrusion 2b and the protrusion 2c, but it is preferable that the entire welded portion is located between the protrusion 2b and the protrusion 2c, and at least the weld It is preferable that all of the metal is located between the protrusion 2b and the protrusion 2c.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram schematically showing a cross-sectional aspect of two protrusions and explaining the basic concept of the shearing method of the present invention.
- a cross section formed by a ridge line formed by the cutting edge of the punch and the moving direction (X direction) of the punch the opposite sides 22b and 22c of the two protrusions, the ridge line, and the two protrusions 2b and 2c
- the area S is surrounded by a line connecting the tips 2b ′ and 2c ′.
- Figure 6 the left of the projections, and the other projection and opposite sides 22b, 'the area surrounded by the perpendicular line H 1 drawn down to the ridgeline from S' tip 2b of the ridge and the projection to 1.
- FIG at 6 right projection, and the other projection and opposing sides 22c, to 'the area surrounded S in a perpendicular H 2 drawn down on the ridge from the' two tip 2c of the ridge and the projections.
- S ′ is defined as 1 ⁇ 2 of the total area (S ′ 1 + S ′ 2 ) of both protrusion cross sections.
- FIG. 1, FIG. 2 and FIG. 6 are examples in which the base ends of the two protrusions do not overlap, but the two protrusions may overlap in the cross section. In that case, the height between the intersection of the tapered surfaces and the tip of the protrusion may be the height of the protrusion.
- the area S between the protrusions is preferably 2 ⁇ S ′ or more. That is, it is preferable to satisfy the following formula (1) ′. 2 ⁇ S ′ ⁇ S ⁇ 6 ⁇ S ′ (1) ′ More preferably, it is 3 ⁇ S ′ or more. Also, the upper limit is more preferably 5 ⁇ S ′ or less in order to ensure that the restraining effect is manifested.
- FIG. 7 schematically shows a cross-sectional aspect of a workpiece welded with metal plates having different plate thicknesses, and a cross-sectional aspect of two protrusions that are in contact with both sides of the welded portion of the work piece.
- the basic concept of the shearing method of the present invention will be described by taking as an example the case where the shape of the two protrusions is the same isosceles triangle shape in the cross section formed by the ridgeline formed and the moving direction of the punch.
- the X axis, the Y axis, and the Z axis indicate three axes that are orthogonal to each other.
- the protrusion 2b and the protrusion 2c provided on the cutting edge of the punch are preferably of the same shape in terms of ensuring a uniform shearing force in the shear line direction of the workpiece 1.
- FIG. 2 shows the same “wedge shape” protrusion.
- the shape of the protrusion is preferably a symmetric shape in terms of suppressing damage to the tip of the protrusion (see FIGS. 4A and 4B), but a sheared surface with excellent surface properties can be secured. As long as the shape is a wedge shape that is asymmetrical to the left and right (see FIG. 4C).
- the punch blade tip has a different shape. Projections (for example, the projection shown in FIG. 4 (a) and the projection shown in FIG. 4 (b)), and symmetrical projections (for example, the projection shown in FIG. 4 (a), Alternatively, protrusions shown in FIG. 4B and protrusions having an asymmetric shape (for example, protrusions shown in FIG. 4C) may be provided.
- the protrusion 2 b (2 c) is formed from the base end 23 b (23 c) connected to the punch edge in the cross section formed by the ridge line formed by the punch cutting edge and the movement direction of the punch. It is preferable that the width becomes smaller toward 2b ′ (2c ′).
- tapeered surface 22b is a contour of the tapered surface constituting the protrusion on the left side of FIG. 7, and is hereinafter referred to as a “tapered surface 22b” for the sake of simplicity.
- reference numerals 22c and 22c ' are contours of the tapered surface constituting the right protrusion in FIG. 7, and are hereinafter referred to as “tapered surface 22c" for the sake of simplicity.
- the angle ⁇ formed by the tapered surface 22b and the tapered surface 22b ′ is preferably 10 ° to 160 °.
- ⁇ is less than 10 °, the protrusion is thin and easily damaged, and therefore ⁇ is preferably 10 ° or more. More preferably, it is 30 ° or more.
- ⁇ exceeds 160 °, the effect of canceling the residual stress by acting a compressive force on the welded portion of the protrusion (hereinafter referred to as “restraint effect”) is reduced, and therefore ⁇ is preferably 160 ° or less. . More preferably, it is 140 ° or less.
- the height of the protrusion 2b and the protrusion 2c is H, and the width Wb of the base end portion of the protrusion 2b and the width Wc of the base end portion of the protrusion 2c are the same.
- the protrusion 2b and the protrusion 2c are provided on the punch with a distance D between the tip 2b 'of the protrusion 2b and a tip 2c' of the protrusion 2c, and a distance L between the base end 23b of the protrusion 2b and the base end 23c of the protrusion 2c. ing.
- the tip 2b ′ (2c ′) of the protrusion 2b (2c) is formed in an arc shape in the Z-axis direction (see FIG. 4B), but the tip 2b ′ (2c ′) is flat. It may be formed (see FIG. 4A).
- the tip 2b ′ (2c ′) in an arc shape or a flat shape, breakage of the punch can be prevented. That is, when the angle ⁇ formed by the taper surface of the protrusion is an acute angle, the protrusion may be damaged, but the protrusion, and further, the punch can be protected when the tip shape is an arc shape or a flat shape.
- the workpiece 1 is a workpiece in which a thick metal plate 1b having a thickness t1 and a thin metal plate 1a having a thickness t2 are joined by welding, and a heat affected zone 9a of the metal plate 1a and a heat affected zone of the metal plate 1b.
- the tip 2c 'of the protrusion 2c comes into contact with the contact point s1 on the metal plate 1b outside the heat affected zone 9b of the welded part 9.
- the tip 2b 'of the protrusion 2b comes into contact with the contact point s2 on the metal plate 1a outside the heat affected zone 9a of the welded portion 9.
- the protrusion 2b and the protrusion 2c sandwich the welded part 9 on both sides, and the protrusion 2b and the protrusion 2c fix the position of the welded part during shearing,
- the workpiece 1 is sheared while being pressed from both sides by the tapered surface 22b of the protrusion 2b and the tapered surface 22c of the protrusion 2c.
- the tip of the protrusion of the punch does not contact the heat-affected part of the hardened welded part, so that the progress of wear of the protrusion can be suppressed compared to the case where the protrusion contacts the welded part, and the punch Can extend the lifespan.
- FIG. 7 shows an aspect in which the two workpieces are sheared by sandwiching the entire welded portion of the workpiece from both sides of the welded portion, but the two projections of the welded portion of the workpiece are shown. Shearing may be performed by sandwiching a part from both sides of the part.
- the shape of the tip of the projection that comes into contact with the heat-affected zone of the hardened welded portion is a shape that can ensure the required shearing force and the wear of the projection is difficult to progress (see, for example, FIG. 4C). Is preferred.
- the welded part is sheared with compressive stress acting on the welded part due to the taper surface of the protrusion, the tensile stress remaining on the sheared surface after the shearing is relieved, resulting in a sheared surface with low residual stress. Can be formed. Therefore, in the method of the present invention, generation of cracks and / or hydrogen embrittlement cracks on the sheared surface of the welded portion can be significantly suppressed.
- the inventor makes the height H of the protrusion constant, changes the distance D between the blade edges of the protrusion, the distance L between the proximal ends of the protrusions, and / or the taper surface angle ⁇ , and welds the workpiece.
- the step width ⁇ t was changed, the workpiece was sheared, and the occurrence of cracks on the sheared surface of the welded portion was investigated to confirm the restraining effect of the welded portion by the two protrusions.
- the restraining effect of the welded portion by the two protrusions depends on the distance D between the tip ends of the protrusions and the distance L between the base end portions of the protrusions, and is formed by the tapered surfaces of the two protrusions.
- the shape of the two protrusions is a symmetrical shape, the same effect as that of the isosceles triangle can be obtained.
- the area S ′ surrounded by the edge to be cut, the ridge line, and the perpendicular line extending from the tip of the protrusion to the ridge line is the following expression (3), and the value of the following expression (2) and the value of the following expression (3) are When satisfying the following formula (1), the restraining effect of the welded portion by the two protrusions is remarkably exhibited.
- the angle ⁇ is preferably 5 ° or more and 80 ° or less. More preferably, it is 15 ° or more and 70 ° or less.
- the said area S is 2 times or more of the said area S ', and satisfy
- angles ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 are preferably 5 ° or more and 80 ° or less, respectively. More preferably, it is 15 ° or more and 70 ° or less.
- the said area S is 2 times or more of the said area S ', and satisfy
- the distance D between the centers of the tips of the two protrusions is preferably 0.8 ⁇ d or more. More preferably, it is 1.0 ⁇ d or more.
- the distance D between the centers of the tips of the two protrusions is 3. 0 ⁇ d or less is preferable. More preferably, it is 2.8 ⁇ d or less.
- the center of the protrusion tip is the position where the center line of the protrusion passes.
- the center of the tip of the protrusion is a position through which the center line of the protrusion passes.
- the distance D between the tips of the two protrusions satisfies the above formula (1) under the condition of 0.8 ⁇ d (d: width of the welded portion) to 3.0 ⁇ d.
- a cross-sectional area S ′′ of the projection space formed by the tapered surface and covering the welded portion (hereinafter, also referred to as “projection space cross-sectional area S”) is ensured.
- the two protrusions provided on the cutting edge of the punch are fixed by sandwiching all or part of the welded portion of the workpiece from both sides, so the step width ⁇ t of the welded portion is large.
- the position of the welded portion is fixed, and the workpiece is not shaken on the die, and shearing is performed. Therefore, the distance between the punch and the die (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “clearance”) can be made relatively large as compared with the conventional shearing process in which no protrusion is provided on the blade edge of the punch.
- the clearance is preferably 0.5 to 30% of the plate thickness t1 (t2).
- the clearance exceeds 30% of the thickness t of the work piece, there is a concern that the bending of the work piece will increase during shearing and large burrs may be generated.
- 30% or less of the thickness t is preferable. More preferably, it is 25% or less.
- the shearing method of the present invention it is necessary to provide the two projections so that all or a part of the welded portion of the workpiece enters between the two projections provided at the cutting edge of the punch.
- Other protrusions may be formed in addition to the protrusions.
- the workpiece to be sheared by the method of the present invention is, for example, a workpiece obtained by welding together metal plates made of copper, zinc, tin, aluminum, titanium, magnesium, and alloys based on them.
- the material of the workpiece may be any material that can be sheared, and is not limited to a specific material.
- the thickness of a workpiece should just be the thickness which can be sheared, and is not limited to a specific thickness.
- the thickness of the workpiece is preferably 6.0 mm or less from the viewpoint of maintaining the shape and dimensional accuracy of the sheared product.
- the thickness of the workpiece is more preferably 3.0 mm or less.
- the thickness of the thick metal plate is preferably 6.0 mm or less, as described above. 3.0 mm or less is more preferable.
- the thickness of the thin metal plate is preferably 0.1 mm or more. More preferably, it is 0.5 mm or more.
- the thickness of the workpiece and the width of the step of the welded part are not limited to a specific range.
- the conditions in the examples are one example of conditions used for confirming the feasibility and effects of the present invention, and the present invention is based on this one example of conditions. It is not limited.
- the present invention can adopt various conditions as long as the object of the present invention is achieved without departing from the gist of the present invention.
- the 78-118 material was sheared with the shearing device shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 (two protrusions on the edge of the punch).
- Table 1 shows shearing conditions. Formed by the tapered surface of the two projections, the cross-sectional area (space sectional area) S of the space to cover the weld in 1 ⁇ 4 mm 2, 2S of the cross-sectional area of the projection 'is because it is 1 mm 2, S and S “No.” in Table 1 Except for condition 4, the above formula (1) is satisfied.
- the shearing process was performed using a servo press machine at a punching speed of 100 mm / second, and the residual stress was measured on the sheared surface including the weld.
- the sheared surface including the welded portion was immersed in an ammonium thiocyanate solution having a concentration of 1 to 100 g / L for 72 hours to investigate hydrogen embrittlement resistance.
- FIG. 8 to 10 show the results of measuring the residual stress on the sheared surface.
- the horizontal axis is the distance x (mm) from the center position where the center position of the weld is 0 as shown in FIG.
- the residual stress is a residual stress measured at the center of the plate thickness. The residual stress was determined by measuring the change in interstitial distance on the sheared surface by X-ray diffraction.
- FIG. 8A, FIG. 8B, and FIG. 9A it is understood that when S / S ′ satisfies the above formula (1), the residual stress on the sheared surface of the welded portion is small.
- FIG. 10 shows the result of measuring the residual stress on the shearing surface using a shearing device in which two protrusions are not provided on the cutting edge of the punch. There is a place where a high tensile residual stress of 1000 MPa or more is generated in the weld.
- Table 2 shows the results of the ammonium thiocyanate liquid immersion test on the sheared surface.
- a workpiece having a large step width at a welded portion and / or a steel plate having a strength of 1000 MPa or more and another steel plate (including a steel plate having a strength of 1000 MPa or more) is welded.
- the shearing process that shears with the shear line that crosses the surface, it is possible to form a sheared surface with low residual stress, excellent surface properties, and excellent tensile properties, fatigue resistance, and hydrogen embrittlement resistance. And the lifetime of a punch can be prolonged. Therefore, the present invention has high applicability in the steel plate processing industry.
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Abstract
Description
パンチは、その刃先に、2個の突起を有し、
前記被加工材の溶接部の全部又は一部が、前記パンチの2個の突起の間に位置することを特徴とする剪断加工方法。
0<S≦6×S'・・・(1)
前記2個の突起の対向する辺と、前記稜線と、前記2個の突起の先端間を結ぶ線とで囲まれる面積Sが、下記式(2)であり、
それぞれの突起において、他方の突起と対向する辺と、前記稜線と、突起の先端から前記稜線に下ろした垂線とで囲まれる面積S'が、下記式(3)であり、
下記式(2)の値と下記式(3)の値が、下記式(1)を満たすことを特徴とする(8)に記載の剪断加工方法。
0<S≦6×S'・・・(1)
S=(L+D)×H/2={L+(L+2×H×tan(θ))}×H/2・・・(2)
S'=H×{H×tan(θ)}/2・・・(3)
0.8×d≦D≦3.0×d
H:突起の高さ(mm)
L:2個の突起の基端部の間隔(mm)
θ:それぞれの突起において、他方の突起と対向する辺と、当該突起の先端から前記稜線に下ろした垂線により形成される角度(°)
D:2個の突起の先端の中心の間隔(mm)
d:溶接部の幅(mm)
0<S≦6×S'・・・(1)
突起間の面積Sは、0超であれば拘束効果が得られる。一方、突起間の面積Sが6×S'を超えても、上記拘束効果が十分に発現しないので、突起間の面積Sは6×S'以下が好ましい。
2×S'≦S≦6×S'・・・(1)’
より好ましくは3×S'以上である。
また、上限についても、拘束効果を確実に発現させるためには、より好ましくは5×S'以下にするとよい。
S=(L+D)×H/2={L+(L+2×H×tan(α/2))}・H/2
S'=H×{H×tan(α/2)}/2
0.8×d≦D≦3.0×d
H:突起の高さ(mm)
L:突起の基端部の間隔(mm)
α 突起の一対のテーパ面がなす角度(°)
D:突起の先端の中心の間隔(mm)
d:溶接部の幅(mm)
S=(L+D)×H/2={L+(L+2×H×tan(θ))}×H/2・・・(2)
S'=H×{H×tan(θ)}/2・・・(3)
0.8×d≦D≦3.0×d
H:突起の高さ(mm)
L:2個の突起の基端部の間隔(mm)
θ:それぞれの突起において、他方の突起と対向する辺と、当該突起の先端から前記稜線に下ろした垂線により形成される角度(°)
D:2個の突起の先端の中心の間隔(mm)
d:溶接部の幅(mm)
2×S'≦S≦6×S'・・・(1)’
S=D×(H1+H2)×1/2-(S’1+S’2)
=(H1cosθ1+L+H2cosθ2)×(H1+H2)×1/2-[H1×{H1×tan(θ1)}×1/2+H2×{H2×tan(θ2)}×1/2]・・・(4)
S’=1/2×(S’1+S’2)
=1/2×[H1×{H1×tan(θ1)}×1/2+H2×{H2×tan(θ2)}×1/2]・・・(5)
0.8×d≦D≦3.0×d・・・(6)
H1、H2:それぞれの突起の高さ(mm)
L:2個の突起の基端部の間隔(mm)
θ1、θ2:それぞれの突起において、他方の突起と対向する辺と、当該突起の先端から前記稜線に下ろした垂線により形成される角度(°)
d:溶接部の幅(mm)
D:2個の突起の先端の中心の間隔(mm)であり、下記式で表される。
D=H1cosθ1+L+H2cosθ2・・・(7)
2×S'≦S≦6×S'・・・(1)’
板厚1.4mmの780MPa級鋼板と、板厚1.6mmの1180MPa級鋼板を溶接して被加工材(段差幅Δt=0.2mm、以下「78-118材」という。)を製造し、78-118材を、図1~3に示す剪断加工装置(パンチの刃先に2個の突起)で剪断加工した。
1a 薄い金属板
1b 厚い金属板
2 パンチ
2a、2b、2c 突起
2b'、2c' 突起の先端
3 ダイ
8 ストッパー
9 溶接部
9a、9b 熱影響部
10 剪断加工装置
22b、22b’ 突起のテーパ面
22c、22c’ 突起のテーパ面
23b、23c 突起の基端部
t1、t2 金属板の板厚
d 溶接部の幅
Δt 溶接部の段差幅
s1、s2 突起の刃先の当接点
L 突起の基端部の間隔
D 2個の突起の先端の中心の間隔
H 突起の高さ
W、Wb、Wc 突起の基端部の幅
α 突起の一対のテーパ面のなす角度
Claims (13)
- 少なくともダイ、ストッパー及びパンチを有する剪断加工装置を用いて、2枚の金属板を溶接して得られる被加工材の溶接部に交叉するように剪断する剪断加工方法であって、
パンチは、その刃先に、2個の突起を有し、
前記被加工材の溶接部の全部又は一部が、前記パンチの2個の突起の間に位置することを特徴とする剪断加工方法。 - 前記2個の突起が、パンチの切刃がなす稜線とパンチの移動方向とでなす断面において、パンチの基端部から突起の先端に向かい、互いに対向する辺が離間してゆくことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の剪断加工方法。
- 前記2個の突起の先端の形状が、前記パンチの切刃がなす稜線と前記パンチの移動方向とでなす断面において、いずれも、平坦状、円弧状、又は、斜面状であることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の剪断加工方法。
- 前記2個の突起の先端の形状が、前記パンチの切刃がなす稜線と前記パンチの移動方向とでなす断面において、それぞれ、平坦状、円弧状、又は、斜面状であり、かつ、異なることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の剪断加工方法。
- 前記2個の突起が、被加工材の溶接部に平行な方向において、同じ高さで形成されていることを特徴とする請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載の剪断加工方法。
- 前記2個の突起が、被加工材の溶接部に平行な方向において、漸減する高さで形成されていることを特徴とする請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載の剪断加工方法。
- 前記2個の突起の先端の間隔D(mm)が、溶接部の幅d(mm)に対し、0.8×d以上3.0×d(mm)以下であることを特徴とする請求項1~6のいずれか1項に記載の剪断加工方法。
- 前記パンチの切刃がなす稜線と前記パンチの移動方向とでなす断面において、前記2個の突起の対向する辺と、前記稜線と、前記2個の突起の先端間を結ぶ線とで囲まれる面積であるSと、それぞれの突起において、他方の突起と対向する辺と、前記稜線と、突起の先端から前記稜線に下ろした垂線とで囲まれる面積の合計の1/2であるS'が、下記式(1)を満たすことを特徴とする請求項1~7のいずれか1項に記載の剪断加工方法。
0<S≦6・S'・・・(1) - 前記2個の突起の形状が、前記パンチの移動方向に平行な軸に対して対称であり、
前記2個の突起の対向する辺と、前記稜線と、前記2個の突起の先端間を結ぶ線とで囲まれる面積Sが、下記式(2)であり、
それぞれの突起において、他方の突起と対向する辺と、前記稜線と、突起の先端から前記稜線に下ろした垂線とで囲まれる面積S'が、下記式(3)であり、
下記式(2)の値と下記式(3)の値が、下記式(1)を満たすことを特徴とする請求項8に記載の剪断加工方法。
0<S≦6×S'・・・(1)
S=(L+D)×H/2={L+(L+2×H×tan(θ))}×H/2・・・(2)
S'=H×{H×tan(θ)}/2・・・(3)
0.8×d≦D≦3.0×d
H:突起の高さ(mm)
L:2個の突起の基端部の間隔(mm)
θ:それぞれの突起において、他方の突起と対向する辺と、当該突起の先端から前記稜線に下ろした垂線により形成される角度(°)
D:2個の突起の先端の中心の間隔(mm)
d:溶接部の幅(mm) - 前記面積Sが、前記面積S’の2倍以上であることを特徴とする請求項8又は9に記載の剪断加工方法。
- 前記角度θが5°以上80°以下であることを特徴とする請求項9に記載の剪断加工方法。
- 前記2個の突起の形状が、二等辺三角形であることを特徴とする請求項8~11のうちいずれか1項に記載の剪断加工方法。
- 前記パンチとダイのクリアランスが、被加工材の厚さの0.5~30%であることを特徴とする請求項1~12のいずれか1項に記載の剪断加工方法。
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