WO2018036106A1 - 节流装置及空调器 - Google Patents

节流装置及空调器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018036106A1
WO2018036106A1 PCT/CN2017/073464 CN2017073464W WO2018036106A1 WO 2018036106 A1 WO2018036106 A1 WO 2018036106A1 CN 2017073464 W CN2017073464 W CN 2017073464W WO 2018036106 A1 WO2018036106 A1 WO 2018036106A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
spool
hole
interface
orifice
throttling device
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PCT/CN2017/073464
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
宋钦勇
王现林
潘保远
吴一迪
王辉
程竹
Original Assignee
珠海格力电器股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2018036106A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018036106A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K11/00—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves
    • F16K11/10—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with two or more closure members not moving as a unit
    • F16K11/20—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with two or more closure members not moving as a unit operated by separate actuating members
    • F16K11/22—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with two or more closure members not moving as a unit operated by separate actuating members with an actuating member for each valve, e.g. interconnected to form multiple-way valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • F25B41/30—Expansion means; Dispositions thereof
    • F25B41/38—Expansion means; Dispositions thereof specially adapted for reversible cycles, e.g. bidirectional expansion restrictors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K51/00—Other details not peculiar to particular types of valves or cut-off apparatus

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of throttling technology, and in particular to a throttling device and an air conditioner.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a more compact throttle device to reduce the volume of the throttle device and to miniaturize the throttle device.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide an air conditioner to which the above-described throttle device is applied.
  • the present invention mainly provides the following technical solutions:
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a throttling device, including:
  • a heating spool disposed in the inner cavity and movable in the inner cavity such that the fluid flows and throttles in a first direction when the heating spool is in the first extreme position, and the fluid is in the second extreme position Flowing and throttling in a second direction; wherein the first direction is different from the second direction.
  • the heating spool is slid to the first limit position or the second limit position by a pressure difference of fluid at both end sides with respect to a cavity wall of the inner cavity.
  • the refrigeration spool is provided with a first through hole communicating with the inside;
  • the first overflow orifice is described to allow fluid to flow and throttle in a second direction without passing through the first flow orifice.
  • the refrigeration spool is further provided with a first throttle hole and a second flow passage hole communicating with the inner portion, and the heating valve core has a second section running through the two ends Flow hole
  • the throttling device When the heating spool is in the first extreme position, the throttling device introduces the refrigerant through the first orifice, and at least a portion of the refrigerant after the first orifice is throttled through the first orifice Deriving to form a first direction of fluid flow; and/or, when the heating spool is in the second extreme position, the throttling device introduces refrigerant through the second overflow orifice and passes at least a portion of the refrigerant The second orifice is throttled and introduced into the first orifice to be throttled again to be discharged to form a second direction of fluid flow.
  • the heating spool when the heating spool is in the first extreme position, the heating spool cooperates with the cavity wall of the inner cavity to form a first chamber, the first An overflow orifice and the first orifice are both in communication with the first chamber.
  • the second throttle hole is in communication with the first chamber, and the first chamber and the second flow passage hole pass through the second throttle hole Connected.
  • the first throttle hole communicates with the second throttle hole, and the first pass The flow holes are not connected, and the second flow holes are in communication with the second throttle holes.
  • the opening of the first through hole on the cavity wall of the inner cavity is opposite to the side of the heating spool;
  • the heating spool has opposite first and second ends, and the second orifice extends from the first end to the second end; the first end and the cavity wall of the inner cavity Forming a first sealing structure therebetween, a second sealing structure is formed between the second end and the cavity wall of the inner cavity, and the first sealing structure cooperates with the second sealing structure to close the first Flow hole.
  • the cavity wall of the inner cavity has a first tapered wall at the first opening of the first throttle hole, and the inner diameter of the first tapered wall is away from The direction of the first opening is gradually increasing;
  • the first end has an outline that is adapted to the first tapered wall
  • the first end is in interference with the first tapered wall and circumferentially sealingly fits to form the first seal
  • the structure, the side at the second end is circumferentially sealingly engaged with the cavity wall of the inner cavity to form the second sealing structure.
  • the number of the first flow holes is two or more, and two or more of the first flow holes are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction on the refrigeration valve core.
  • the throttling device further includes:
  • valve seat having a hollow interior, the valve seat being provided with a first interface and a second interface communicating with the interior;
  • a cut-off spool disposed on the valve seat for opening or closing the second interface
  • the refrigeration spool is disposed in the valve seat, and the first throttle hole of the refrigeration spool corresponds to the first interface to enter and exit the refrigerant through the first interface; the refrigeration spool The first through hole and the second through hole respectively correspond to the second interface to enter and exit the refrigerant through the second interface when the second interface is opened.
  • valve seat is further provided with a third interface communicating with the inside;
  • the refrigeration spool is disposed at the first interface; the shutoff spool is disposed at the third interface, and the shutoff spool communicates with the second interface by opening or closing an inner wall of the valve seat Opening to open or close the second interface.
  • the throttling device further includes a first nut for screwing at the second interface and/or a second threadingly coupled to the third interface Nut
  • the throttling device further includes a nozzle, one end of the nozzle being connected to the first interface, so that the first interface enters and exits the refrigerant through the nozzle.
  • the throttling device further includes:
  • a first filter network disposed at the first throttle hole for filtering refrigerant entering and leaving the first throttle hole
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides an air conditioner comprising the throttling device of any of the above.
  • the throttling device and the air conditioner of the present invention have at least the following beneficial effects:
  • the throttling device of the present invention since the heating valve core is placed inside the refrigeration valve core, when the heating valve core moves to different limit positions in the refrigeration valve core, the fluid can flow in different directions and Throttle, so that the throttling device has the technical effect of two-way throttling, compared with the prior art, the combination of the cooling main capillary, the heating main capillary and the auxiliary capillary, or the combination of the refrigerating electronic expansion valve and the heating electronic expansion valve.
  • the throttling device of the present invention places the heating valve core inside the refrigerating valve core, thereby realizing the above functions and effectively making the structure of the throttling device more compact and volume. Relatively smaller, it is advantageous for miniaturization of the throttle device of the present invention.
  • the air conditioner provided by the present invention has the advantages of being more compact, smaller in size, and advantageous in miniaturization because of the provision of the above-described throttle device.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a throttling device when a first overflow hole is opened according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a throttle device closing a first through hole according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of a throttling device according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a side view of a throttling device according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a top plan view of a throttling device according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a throttling device 10 including a refrigerating spool 1 and a heating spool 2.
  • the refrigeration spool 1 has an internal cavity 11.
  • the heating spool 2 is placed in the inner chamber 11 and is movable within the inner chamber 11. When the heating spool 2 moves into the first limit position in the inner chamber 11, the fluid can be along The first direction flows and throttles; when the heating spool 2 moves into the second extreme position within the inner chamber 11, the fluid can flow and throttle in the second direction.
  • the first direction and the second direction are different directions.
  • the throttling device 10 has the technical effect of two-way throttling, which can be realized by using a combination of a cooling main capillary, a heating main capillary and an auxiliary capillary in the prior art, or a combination of a refrigerating electronic expansion valve and a heating electronic expansion valve.
  • the throttling device 10 of the present invention effectively places the structure of the throttling device 10 more compactly by arranging the heating spool 2 inside the refrigerating spool 1 while achieving the above functions. It is also relatively small, which in turn facilitates miniaturization of the throttle device 10 of the present invention.
  • the aforementioned refrigeration spool 1 may be provided with a first through hole 13 communicating with the inside.
  • the first overflow hole 13 is opened to throttle the fluid in the first direction and flow out from the first overflow hole 13.
  • the heating spool 2 is in the second extreme position, the first overflow hole 13 is closed to allow the fluid to flow and throttle in the second direction without passing through the first overflow hole 13.
  • the first flow passage 13 may be opened or closed when the heating spool 2 is moved to a different limit position within the refrigeration spool 1 to have a different flow direction of the fluid within the throttle device 10,
  • the control of the fluid flow direction can be realized by the cooperation of the heating valve core 2 and the first flow passage hole 13 in the present example, and the structure thereof is relatively simple and the cost is low;
  • the first overflow hole 13 provided on the refrigeration spool 1 does not additionally increase the volume of the throttle device 10, thereby further facilitating miniaturization of the throttle device 10.
  • the present invention also provides the following embodiment: as shown in FIG. 1, the aforementioned refrigeration spool 1 A first orifice 12 and a second orifice 14 are also provided in communication with the interior.
  • the heating spool 2 has a second orifice 21 extending through the ends.
  • the throttle device 10 of the present invention introduces the refrigerant through the first orifice 12, and passes through the first orifice 13 through the first orifice 13 At least a portion of the flow of refrigerant is directed to form a first direction of fluid flow as described above.
  • the throttling device 10 throttles the incoming refrigerant a single time.
  • the present invention also provides the following embodiment: as shown in FIG. 2, the aforementioned heating cylinder 2 when the second extreme position is located, the throttle device 10 of the present invention introduces refrigerant through the second overflow hole 14 and will At least a portion of the refrigerant is throttled by the second orifice 21 and introduced into the first orifice 12 to be throttled again to be discharged to form a second direction in which the fluid flows. In this second extreme position, the throttling device 10 throttles the introduced refrigerant twice.
  • the apertures of the first throttle hole 12 and the second throttle hole 21 may be determined by the air conditioner matching model used, and details are not described herein.
  • the aforementioned heating spool 2 can be moved relative to the inner wall of the refrigeration spool 1 by various operating modes to move to a first extreme position or a second extreme position, such as sliding or rolling.
  • the heating spool 2 is slidable relative to the inner wall of the refrigeration spool 1 to move to the first extreme position or the second extreme position.
  • the aforementioned heating spool 2 is slidable relative to the cavity wall of the inner chamber 11 to a first extreme position or a second extreme position.
  • the side surface of the heating valve core 2 directly contacts the cavity wall of the inner cavity 11 and slides against the cavity wall of the inner cavity 11, so that the direct sliding fit of the two is relatively simple and convenient for assembly with respect to the complicated intermediate transmission component.
  • the aforementioned heating spool 2 is slidable in a linear or arcuate path with respect to the inner wall of the refrigeration spool 1 in the refrigeration spool 1.
  • the aforementioned heating spool 2 can be slid to the aforementioned first limit position or second limit position by the pressure difference of the fluid at both end sides.
  • the foregoing heating valve core 2 has a first end 201 and a second end 202 opposite to each other, and the second throttle hole 21 extends from the first end 201 to the second end. End 202.
  • the heating spool 2 is second to the fluid pressure difference on both ends.
  • the end 202 side slides to move to the aforementioned first limit position; as shown in FIG.
  • the expansion device 10 introduces the refrigerant through the first orifice 12, and the refrigerant that has been throttled by the first orifice 12 through the first overflow hole 13
  • the present invention also provides the following embodiment: as shown in FIG. 1, when the heating spool 2 is in the first extreme position, the heating cartridge 2 and the inner wall of the refrigerating spool 1
  • the first chamber 111 is formed in cooperation.
  • the aforementioned first through hole 13 and the first orifice 12 are both in communication with the first chamber 111.
  • the one end opening 121 of the first orifice 12 and the one end opening of the first overflow hole 13 are both located on the cavity wall of the first chamber 111, so that the refrigerant in the first orifice 12 can pass through the first a chamber 111 directly flows into the first An overflow hole 13.
  • the throttling device 10 of the present invention introduces a refrigerant through the first orifice 12, and the refrigerant flows into the first chamber 111 after being throttled by the first orifice 12, since one end of the first overflow hole 13 is open.
  • the refrigerant in the first chamber 111 can flow out of the refrigeration spool 1 via the first overflow hole 13, wherein the throttle device 10 of the present example is introduced from the first orifice 12.
  • the refrigerant mainly flows out after the first orifice 12 is throttled.
  • the second orifice 21 communicates with the first chamber 111, and the first chamber 111 and the second overflow hole 14 pass the first
  • the two orifices 21 are connected.
  • the one end opening 211 of the second orifice 21 is opposite to the first chamber 111, and the other end opening 212 of the second orifice 21 and the second overflow hole 14 are on the inner wall of the refrigeration spool 1.
  • the openings 141 are opposed to allow the first chamber 111 and the second flow passage 14 to communicate through the second orifice 21.
  • the refrigerant flowing into the first chamber 111 from the first orifice 12 can flow out of the refrigeration spool 1 from the first orifice 13 and the other can flow out from the second orifice 14 via the second orifice 21 .
  • the refrigerant in the first chamber 111 mainly flows out of the refrigeration spool 1 from the first overflow hole 13.
  • the second orifice 21 and the second orifice 14 in communication with the first chamber 111 in this example have the technical effect of alleviating the fluid pressure at the first orifice 13.
  • the throttle device 10 introduces the refrigerant through the second overflow hole 14 and introduces at least a portion of the refrigerant through the second orifice 21 to be introduced into the first section.
  • the technical effect of the flow hole 12 being throttled again, the present invention also provides the following embodiment: as shown in FIG. 2, when the heating spool 2 is in the second extreme position, the first throttle hole 12 and the second section The flow holes 21 communicate with each other and are not in communication with the first flow holes 13, and the second flow holes 14 communicate with the second throttle holes 21.
  • the opening 121 of the first orifice 12 on the inner wall of the refrigeration spool 1 is placed on the first end 201 side of the heating spool 2, and the second orifice 21 is on the first end 201.
  • the openings 211 are opposed such that the first orifice 12 communicates with the opening 211 of the second orifice 21 at the first end 201.
  • the opening 141 of the second overflow hole 14 on the inner cavity wall of the refrigerating valve body 1 is placed on the second end 202 side of the heating valve cartridge 2, and the opening 212 of the second orifice 21 on the second end 202
  • the second flow passage 14 communicates with the opening 212 of the second orifice 21 at the second end 202.
  • the throttling device 10 of the present invention introduces refrigerant from the second overflow hole 14, and the refrigerant can flow into the second orifice 21 from the opening 212 of the second orifice 21 at the second end 202, and The second orifice 21 flows out of the opening 211 on the first end 201, and then the refrigerant flowing out of the second orifice 21 can flow into the first orifice 12 and flow out through the first orifice 12.
  • this example The refrigerant introduced from the second flow passage 14 by the throttle device 10 is throttled twice by the second orifice 21 and the first orifice 12.
  • the first sealing structure (not shown) is formed between the first end 201 of the heating spool 2 and the inner cavity wall of the refrigerating valve body 1, and the second end 202 of the heating spool 2 and the inside of the refrigerating valve core 1
  • a second sealing structure (not shown) is formed between the chamber walls, and the first sealing structure cooperates with the second sealing structure to close the aforementioned first through hole 13.
  • the heating spool 2 when the heating spool 2 is moved to the second extreme position, since the opening of the first overflow hole 13 on the inner wall of the refrigeration spool 1 is opposite to the side of the heating spool 2, when both ends of the heating valve body 2 are sealed to the inner cavity wall of the refrigerating valve body 1 in this state, the first overflow hole 13 opposed to the side surface of the heating valve body 2 is naturally closed.
  • the inner cavity wall of the refrigeration valve core 1 has a first tapered wall 101 at the first opening 121 of the first throttle hole 12, and the inner diameter of the first tapered wall 101 is away from the first opening.
  • the direction of 121 is gradually increasing.
  • the first end 201 of the heating spool 2 has an outer contour that is adapted to the first tapered wall 101.
  • the first tapered wall 101 is provided with a technical effect of facilitating sealing.
  • the heating spool 2 can also close the first through hole 13 by other means, such as when the heating spool 2 is moved to the second extreme position, the side of the heating spool 2 It may be in contact with the opening edge of the first flow hole 13 to close the first flow hole 13.
  • the number of the aforementioned first flow holes 13 may be one or more. As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, when the number of the first flow passage holes 13 is two or more, the first flow passage holes 13 are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction on the refrigeration valve body 1, and the technical effect of facilitating the outflow of the refrigerant is obtained. And it is also possible to reduce the stress concentration phenomenon on the refrigeration spool 1.
  • the aforementioned throttle device 10 may further include a valve seat 3 and a shutoff valve core 4.
  • the interior of the valve seat 3 is hollow, and the valve seat 3 is provided with a first interface 31 and a second interface 32 communicating with the inside.
  • the shutoff spool 4 is disposed on the valve seat 3, and the shutoff spool 4 is used to open or close the second interface 32.
  • the refrigeration spool 1 Disposed in the valve seat 3, the first orifice 12 of the refrigeration spool 1 corresponds to the first interface 31 to enter and exit the refrigerant through the first interface 31.
  • the first through hole 13 and the second through hole 14 of the refrigeration spool 1 respectively correspond to the second interface 32 to enter and exit the refrigerant through the second interface 32 when the second interface 32 is opened.
  • the shutoff spool 4, the heating spool 2, and the refrigerating spool 1 are all integrated on the valve seat 3, the volume of the throttle device 10 can be further reduced, thereby further saving the air conditioning device 10 occupying the air conditioner.
  • the space of the device can further reduce the size of the air conditioner.
  • the throttling device 10 including the cut valve spool 4, the heating spool 2, and the refrigerating spool 1 in the present example can be assembled as a single component to the air conditioner after assembly, thereby reducing the types of parts of the air conditioner.
  • the throttling device 10 has the functions of bidirectional throttling and cutoff at the same time, when the throttling device 10 of the present example is assembled to the air conditioner, the assembly process of the air conditioner, such as the welding process, can be reduced, thereby improving the air conditioner. Assembly efficiency.
  • the valve seat 3 is further provided with a third interface 33 communicating with the inside.
  • the aforementioned refrigeration spool 1 is disposed at the first interface 31.
  • the shutoff spool 4 is disposed at the third interface 33, and the shutoff spool 4 opens or closes the opening of the second interface 32 on the inner wall of the valve seat 3 to open or close the second interface 32.
  • the second interface 32 is opened; correspondingly, when the shutoff spool 4 closes the opening, the second interface 32 is closed.
  • the shutoff valve body 4 is also disposed inside the valve seat 3, the structure of the throttle device 10 is made more compact and the volume can be made smaller to further reduce the space occupied by the air conditioner.
  • the foregoing throttle device 10 further includes a first nut 5 for screwing to the second interface 32 to facilitate closing during transportation.
  • the second interface 32 prevents debris from entering the interior of the valve seat 3 from the second interface 32 during transport, affecting the performance of the throttle device 10.
  • the aforementioned throttle device 10 may further include a second nut 6 for screwing to the third interface 33 to facilitate closing the third during transportation.
  • the interface 33 prevents debris from entering the inside of the valve seat 3 from the third interface 33 during transportation to affect the performance of the throttle device 10.
  • the foregoing throttle device 10 may further include a first filter net 7 disposed at the first throttle hole 12 for accessing the first throttle hole 12 The refrigerant is filtered.
  • the first filter net 7 can cover the outside of the first throttle hole 12.
  • the foregoing throttle device 10 may further include a second filter net 8 disposed at the first through hole 13 and the second through hole 14 for accessing the first through hole 13 and the first The refrigerant of the second overflow hole 14 has been filter.
  • the second filter screen 8 may cover the outside of the first through hole 13 and the second through hole 14.
  • the above-mentioned throttling device 10 may further include a connecting pipe 9, one end of the connecting pipe 9 is connected with the first interface 31, so that the first interface 31 enters and exits the refrigerant through the connecting pipe 9.
  • the cost of the throttle device 10 of the present invention is relatively low compared to the high cost of the existing electronic expansion valve and the capillary assembly, thereby improving the product competitiveness of the throttle device 10.
  • An embodiment of the present invention also provides an air conditioner including the throttling device 10 of any of the above. Since the air conditioner provided by the present invention is provided with the above-described throttle device 10, it also has the advantages of a more compact structure and a small volume, and can realize miniaturization of the external piping system.
  • the throttling device 10 of the present invention can be throttled in both directions to achieve air conditioning refrigeration or heating.
  • the air conditioner when the air conditioner is cooled, as shown in FIG. 1, the refrigerant flows from the first orifice 12 into the refrigeration spool 1 (in the direction of the arrow in FIG. 1), and at the same time, the heating spool 2 is opened by pressure.
  • the hot spool 2 opens the first through hole 13 so that the refrigerant can flow out of the first spool 32 from the first spool 13 and the other through the second orifice 21 from the second orifice 14 1.
  • the air conditioner is heated, as shown in FIG.
  • the refrigerant flows from the second overflow hole 14 into the refrigeration spool 1 (in the direction of the arrow in FIG. 2) while pushing the heating spool 2 by pressure to abut the refrigeration.
  • the spool 1 causes the heating spool 2 to close the first orifice 13 so that the refrigerant can flow out of the first orifice 12 via the second orifice 21 .

Abstract

一种节流装置及应用该节流装置的空调器，包括：节流装置(10)，包括制冷阀芯(1)和制热阀芯(2)。制冷阀芯具有内腔(11)，制热阀芯置于内腔并可在内腔中运动，使得制热阀芯在位于第一极限位置时流体沿第一方向流动并节流，且在位于第二极限位置时流体沿第二方向流动并节流；第一方向与第二方向不相同。其中，该节流装置由于将制热阀芯置于制冷阀芯内部，在实现双向节流功能的同时还有效地使得节流装置的结构更加紧凑，体积也相对更小，进而有利于本发明节流装置的小型化。

Description

节流装置及空调器 技术领域
本发明涉及节流技术领域，特别是涉及一种节流装置及空调器。
背景技术
目前，常见的空调外机通常采用电子膨胀阀或毛细管组件等进行节流。其中，电子膨胀阀成本较高，而毛细管组件是由叉形过滤器、单向阀、主毛细管和辅助毛细管等部件组装焊接而成，工序较复杂。当空调外机采用电子膨胀阀或毛细管组件进行节流时，电子膨胀阀和毛细管组件两者均具有工序复杂、成本较高的缺陷，且占用空间较多，影响空调外机的小型化、生产效率和成本。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种结构更加紧凑的节流装置，以缩小节流装置的体积，使节流装置小型化。
本发明的另一目的在于提供一种应用上述节流装置的空调器。
为达到上述目的，本发明主要提供如下技术方案：
一方面，本发明的实施例提供一种节流装置，包括：
制冷阀芯，其具有内腔；
制热阀芯，置于所述内腔并可在内腔中运动，使得制热阀芯在位于第一极限位置时流体沿第一方向流动并节流，且在位于第二极限位置时流体沿第二方向流动并节流；其中，所述第一方向与第二方向不相同。
本发明的目的及解决其技术问题还可采用以下技术措施进一步实现。
在前述的节流装置中，可选的，所述制热阀芯通过两端侧流体的压差相对所述内腔的腔壁滑动至所述第一极限位置或所述第二极限位置。
在前述的节流装置中，可选的，所述制冷阀芯上设有连通内部的第一过流孔；
所述制热阀芯位于第一极限位置时打开所述第一过流孔以使流体在第一方向上节流并从所述第一过流孔流出，且位于第二极限位置时闭合所述第一过流孔以使流体以不经过第一过流孔的方式沿第二方向流动并节流。
在前述的节流装置中，可选的，所述制冷阀芯上还设有连通内部的第一节流孔和第二过流孔，所述制热阀芯上具有贯穿两端的第二节流孔；
当所述制热阀芯位于第一极限位置时，所述节流装置通过第一节流孔引入冷媒，且通过第一过流孔将经第一节流孔节流后的冷媒的至少一部分导出，以形成流体流动的第一方向；和/或，当所述制热阀芯位于第二极限位置时，所述节流装置通过第二过流孔引入冷媒，且将冷媒的至少一部分通过所述第二节流孔节流后导入到第一节流孔再次节流后导出，以形成流体流动的第二方向。
在前述的节流装置中，可选的，当所述制热阀芯位于第一极限位置时，所述制热阀芯与所述内腔的腔壁配合形成第一腔室，所述第一过流孔和所述第一节流孔均与所述第一腔室相连通。
在前述的节流装置中，可选的，所述第二节流孔与所述第一腔室连通，所述第一腔室和所述第二过流孔通过所述第二节流孔连通。
在前述的节流装置中，可选的，当所述制热阀芯位于第二极限位置时，所述第一节流孔与所述第二节流孔相连通、与所述第一过流孔不连通，且所述第二过流孔与所述第二节流孔相连通。
在前述的节流装置中，可选的，所述第一过流孔在内腔的腔壁上的开口与所述制热阀芯的侧面相对；
所述制热阀芯具有相背的第一端和第二端，所述第二节流孔从所述第一端贯穿至第二端；所述第一端与所述内腔的腔壁之间形成第一密封结构，所述第二端与所述内腔的腔壁之间形成第二密封结构，所述第一密封结构与所述第二密封结构配合以闭合所述第一过流孔。
在前述的节流装置中，可选的，所述内腔的腔壁在所述第一节流孔的第一开口处具有第一锥壁，所述第一锥壁的内径在沿远离所述第一开口的方向呈逐渐增大的趋势；
所述第一端具有与所述第一锥壁相适配的外形轮廓；
所述第一端与所述第一锥壁相抵触且周向密封配合，以形成所述的第一密封 结构，所述第二端处的侧面与所述内腔的腔壁周向密封配合以形成所述的第二密封结构。
在前述的节流装置中，可选的，所述第一过流孔的数量为两个以上，两个以上所述第一过流孔在所述制冷阀芯上沿其周向均匀分布。
在前述的节流装置中，可选的，节流装置还包括：
阀座，其内部中空，所述阀座上设有连通内部的第一接口和第二接口；
截止阀芯，设置在所述阀座上，用于打开或闭合所述第二接口；
其中，所述制冷阀芯设置在所述阀座内，所述制冷阀芯的第一节流孔与所述第一接口相对应，以通过所述第一接口进出冷媒；所述制冷阀芯的第一过流孔和第二过流孔分别与所述第二接口相对应，以在所述第二接口打开时通过所述第二接口进出冷媒。
在前述的节流装置中，可选的，所述阀座上还设有连通内部的第三接口；
所述制冷阀芯设置在所述第一接口处；所述截止阀芯设置在所述第三接口处，所述截止阀芯通过打开或闭合所述阀座内壁上连通所述第二接口的开口，以打开或闭合所述第二接口。
在前述的节流装置中，可选的，所述节流装置还包括用于螺纹连接于所述第二接口处的第一螺帽和/或螺纹连接于所述第三接口处的第二螺帽；
和/或，所述节流装置还包括接管，接管的一端与所述第一接口连接，以使所述第一接口通过所述接管进出冷媒。
在前述的节流装置中，可选的，节流装置还包括：
第一过滤网，设置在所述第一节流孔处，用于对进出所述第一节流孔的冷媒进行过滤；
和/或，还包括第二过滤网，设置在所述第一过流孔和所述第二过流孔处，用于对进出所述第一过流孔和所述第二过流孔的冷媒进行过滤。
另一方面，本发明的实施例还提供一种空调器，其包括上述任一种所述的节流装置。
借由上述技术方案，本发明节流装置及空调器至少具有以下有益效果：
在本发明节流装置提供的技术方案中，因为制热阀芯置于制冷阀芯内部，当制热阀芯在制冷阀芯内运动至不同极限位置时可以使流体沿不同的方向流动并 节流，从而使节流装置具有双向节流的技术效果，相对于现有技术中采用制冷主毛细管、制热主毛细管以及辅助毛细管相结合使用，或者制冷电子膨胀阀和制热电子膨胀阀相结合使用才能实现双向节流的作用而言，本发明的节流装置由于将制热阀芯置于制冷阀芯内部，在实现上述功能的同时还有效地使得节流装置的结构更加紧凑，体积也相对更小，进而有利于本发明节流装置的小型化。
另外，本发明提供的空调器由于设置上述节流装置的缘故，因此也具有结构更加紧凑，体积较小以及利于小型化的优点。
上述说明仅是本发明技术方案的概述，为了能够更清楚了解本发明的技术手段，并可依照说明书的内容予以实施，以下以本发明的较佳实施例并配合附图详细说明如后。
附图说明
图1是本发明的一实施例提供的一种节流装置打开第一过流孔时的结构示意图；
图2是本发明的一实施例提供的一种节流装置闭合第一过流孔时的结构示意图；
图3是本发明的另一实施例提供的一种节流装置的剖面视图；
图4是本发明的另一实施例提供的一种节流装置的侧视图；
图5是本发明的另一实施例提供的一种节流装置的俯视图。
具体实施方式
为更进一步阐述本发明为达成预定发明目的所采取的技术手段及功效，以下结合附图及较佳实施例，对依据本发明申请的具体实施方式、结构、特征及其功效，详细说明如后。在下述说明中，不同的“一实施例”或“实施例”指的不一定是同一实施例。此外，一或多个实施例中的特定特征、结构、或特点可由任何合适形式组合。
如图1和图2所示，本发明的一个实施例提出的一种节流装置10，包括制冷阀芯1和制热阀芯2。制冷阀芯1具有内腔11。制热阀芯2置于内腔11并可在内腔11内运动。当制热阀芯2在内腔11内运动至第一极限位置时流体可以沿 第一方向流动并节流；当制热阀芯2在内腔11内运动至第二极限位置时流体可以沿第二方向流动并节流。其中，第一方向与第二方向为不同的方向。
在上述示例中，因为制热阀芯2置于制冷阀芯1内部，当制热阀芯2在制冷阀芯1内运动至不同极限位置时可以使流体沿不同的方向流动并节流，从而使节流装置10具有双向节流的技术效果，相对于现有技术中采用制冷主毛细管、制热主毛细管以及辅助毛细管相结合使用，或者制冷电子膨胀阀和制热电子膨胀阀相结合使用才能实现双向节流的作用而言，本发明的节流装置10由于将制热阀芯2置于制冷阀芯1内部，在实现上述功能的同时还有效地使得节流装置10的结构更加紧凑，体积也相对更小，进而有利于本发明节流装置10的小型化。
在一个具体的应用示例中，前述的制冷阀芯1上可以设有连通内部的第一过流孔13。制热阀芯2位于第一极限位置时打开第一过流孔13以使流体在第一方向上节流并从第一过流孔13流出。制热阀芯2位于第二极限位置时闭合第一过流孔13以使流体以不经过第一过流孔13的方式沿第二方向流动并节流。在本示例中，当制热阀芯2在制冷阀芯1内运动至不同的极限位置时可以打开或闭合第一过流孔13，以使流体在节流装置10内具有不同的流动方向，相对于现有复杂的流体运动方向控制元件，本示例中通过制热阀芯2与第一过流孔13的配合即可实现对流体流动方向的控制，其结构相对较简单，成本较低；另外，设置在制冷阀芯1上的第一过流孔13不会额外增加节流装置10的体积，从而进一步有利于节流装置10的小型化。
为了实现前述制热阀芯2在位于第一极限位置时流体沿第一方向流动并节流的技术效果，本发明还提供如下的实施方式：如图1所示，前述的制冷阀芯1上还设有连通内部的第一节流孔12和第二过流孔14。制热阀芯2上具有贯穿两端的第二节流孔21。其中，当制热阀芯2位于前述的第一极限位置时，本发明节流装置10通过第一节流孔12引入冷媒，且通过第一过流孔13将经第一节流孔12节流后的冷媒的至少一部分导出，以形成前述流体流动的第一方向。在该第一极限位置时，节流装置10对引入的冷媒单次节流。
为了实现前述制热阀芯2在位于第二极限位置时流体沿第二方向流动并节流的技术效果，本发明还提供如下的实施方式：如图2所示，前述的当制热阀芯2位于第二极限位置时，本发明节流装置10通过第二过流孔14引入冷媒，且将 冷媒的至少一部分通过第二节流孔21节流后导入到第一节流孔12再次节流后导出，以形成前述流体流动的第二方向。在该第二极限位置时，节流装置10对引入的冷媒两次节流。
这里需要说明的是：上述第一节流孔12和第二节流孔21的孔径可以由使用的空调器匹配机型确定，具体在此不再赘述。
前述的制热阀芯2可通过多种运行形式相对制冷阀芯1的内腔壁运动，以运动至第一极限位置或第二极限位置，比如滑动或滚动等。下面以制热阀芯2可相对制冷阀芯1的内腔壁滑动，以运动至第一极限位置或第二极限位置举例说明。
如图1和图2所示，前述的制热阀芯2可相对内腔11的腔壁滑动至第一极限位置或第二极限位置。优选的，制热阀芯2的侧面直接与内腔11的腔壁接触，且相对内腔11的腔壁滑动，相对于复杂的中间传动部件如此两者直接滑动配合具有结构简单，方便装配的技术效果。
在一个具体的应用示例中，前述的制热阀芯2在制冷阀芯1内可相对制冷阀芯1的内腔壁沿直线或弧线轨迹滑动。
为了方便自动控制，前述的制热阀芯2可以通过两端侧流体的压差滑动至前述的第一极限位置或第二极限位置。具体的，如图1和图2所示，前述的制热阀芯2具有相背的第一端201和第二端202，前述的第二节流孔21从第一端201贯穿至第二端202。如图1所示，当制热阀芯2的第一端201侧的流体压力大于第二端202侧的流体压力时，制热阀芯2在两端侧流体压差的作用下向第二端202侧滑动，以运动至前述的第一极限位置；如图2所示，当制热阀芯2的第一端201侧的流体压力小于第二端202侧的流体压力时，制热阀芯2在两端侧流体压差的作用下向第一端201侧滑动，以运动至前述的第二极限位置。
为了实现前述制热阀芯2位于第一极限位置时，节流装置10通过第一节流孔12引入冷媒，且通过第一过流孔13将经第一节流孔12节流后的冷媒的至少一部分导出的技术效果，本发明还提供如下的实施方式：如图1所示，当制热阀芯2位于第一极限位置时，制热阀芯2与制冷阀芯1的内腔壁配合形成第一腔室111。前述的第一过流孔13和第一节流孔12均与第一腔室111相连通。具体的，前述第一节流孔12的一端开口121和第一过流孔13的一端开口均位于第一腔室111的腔壁上，以使第一节流孔12内的冷媒可以经由第一腔室111直接流入第 一过流孔13。在本示例中，本发明节流装置10通过第一节流孔12引入冷媒，冷媒经第一节流孔12节流后流入第一腔室111内，由于第一过流孔13的一端开口位于第一腔室111的腔壁上，从而第一腔室111内的冷媒可以经由第一过流孔13流出制冷阀芯1，其中，本示例节流装置10从第一节流孔12引入的冷媒主要经过第一节流孔12一次节流后流出。
进一步的，如图1所示，当制热阀芯2位于第一极限位置时，第二节流孔21与第一腔室111连通，第一腔室111和第二过流孔14通过第二节流孔21连通。具体的，第二节流孔21的一端开口211与第一腔室111相对，第二节流孔21的另一端开口212与第二过流孔14在制冷阀芯1的内腔壁上的开口141相对，以使第一腔室111和第二过流孔14通过第二节流孔21连通。如此，从第一节流孔12流入第一腔室111的冷媒一路可以从第一过流孔13流出制冷阀芯1，另一路可以经由第二节流孔21从第二过流孔14流出制冷阀芯1。在本示例中，相较于第二节流孔21，由于第一过流孔13处的压力较小，第一腔室111内的冷媒主要从第一过流孔13流出制冷阀芯1。其中，本示例中与第一腔室111连通的第二节流孔21和第二过流孔14具有缓解第一过流孔13处的流体压力的技术效果。
为了实现前述制热阀芯2位于第二极限位置时，节流装置10通过第二过流孔14引入冷媒，且将冷媒的至少一部分通过第二节流孔21节流后导入到第一节流孔12再次节流后导出的技术效果，本发明还提供如下的实施方式：如图2所示，当制热阀芯2位于第二极限位置时，第一节流孔12与第二节流孔21相连通且与第一过流孔13不连通，第二过流孔14与第二节流孔21相连通。具体的，第一节流孔12在制冷阀芯1的内腔壁上的开口121置于制热阀芯2的第一端201侧，且与第二节流孔21在第一端201上的开口211相对，以使第一节流孔12与第二节流孔21在第一端201上的开口211连通。第二过流孔14在制冷阀芯1的内腔壁上的开口141置于制热阀芯2的第二端202侧，且与第二节流孔21在第二端202上的开口212相对，以使第二过流孔14与第二节流孔21在第二端202上的开口212连通。在本示例中，本发明节流装置10从第二过流孔14引入冷媒，冷媒可以从第二节流孔21在第二端202上的开口212流入第二节流孔21内，并从第二节流孔21在第一端201上的开口211流出，然后从第二节流孔21流出的冷媒可以流入第一节流孔12内，并经第一节流孔12流出。其中，本示例 节流装置10从第二过流孔14引入的冷媒要经过第二节流孔21和第一节流孔12两次节流。
进一步的，为了实现制热阀芯2运动至第二极限位置时闭合第一过流孔13的技术效果，如图2所示，当制热阀芯2运动至第二极限位置时，第一过流孔13在制冷阀芯1的内腔壁上的开口与制热阀芯2的侧面相对。制热阀芯2的第一端201与制冷阀芯1的内腔壁之间形成第一密封结构(图中未标示)，制热阀芯2的第二端202与制冷阀芯1的内腔壁之间形成第二密封结构(图中未标示)，第一密封结构与第二密封结构配合以闭合前述的第一过流孔13。在本示例中，当制热阀芯2运动至第二极限位置时，由于第一过流孔13在制冷阀芯1的内腔壁上的开口与制热阀芯2的侧面相对，当在该状态下制热阀芯2的两端均与制冷阀芯1的内腔壁密封时，与制热阀芯2侧面相对的第一过流孔13自然就被闭合。
具体的，如图2所示，制冷阀芯1的内腔壁在第一节流孔12的第一开口121处具有第一锥壁101，第一锥壁101的内径在沿远离第一开口121的方向呈逐渐增大的趋势。制热阀芯2的第一端201具有与第一锥壁101相适配的外形轮廓。当制热阀芯2运动至第二极限位置时，制热阀芯2的第一端201与第一锥壁101相抵触且周向密封配合，以形成前述的第一密封结构。在本示例中，通过设置的第一锥壁101，具有方便密封的技术效果。
如图2所示，当制热阀芯2运动至第二极限位置时，第二端202处的侧面与内腔11的腔壁周向密封配合以形成前述的第二密封结构。
当然，在一个替代的示例中，制热阀芯2也可以通过其它的方式闭合第一过流孔13，比如当制热阀芯2运动至第二极限位置时，制热阀芯2的侧面可以与第一过流孔13的开口边缘相抵触，以闭合第一过流孔13。
前述第一过流孔13的数量可以为一个以上。如图1和图2所示，当第一过流孔13的数量为两个以上时，第一过流孔13在制冷阀芯1上沿其周向均匀分布，具有方便冷媒流出的技术效果；并且也可以减小制冷阀芯1上的应力集中现象。
如图3所示，前述的节流装置10还可以包括阀座3和截止阀芯4。阀座3的内部中空，阀座3上设有连通内部的第一接口31和第二接口32。截止阀芯4设置在阀座3上，截止阀芯4用于打开或闭合第二接口32。其中，制冷阀芯1 设置在阀座3内，制冷阀芯1的第一节流孔12与第一接口31相对应，以通过第一接口31进出冷媒。制冷阀芯1的第一过流孔13和第二过流孔14分别与第二接口32相对应，以在第二接口32打开时通过第二接口32进出冷媒。在本示例中，由于将截止阀芯4、制热阀芯2和制冷阀芯1均集成在阀座3上，从而可以进一步缩小节流装置10的体积，以进一步节约节流装置10占用空调器的空间，从而可以进一步减小空调器的尺寸。另外，本示例中包括截止阀芯4、制热阀芯2以及制冷阀芯1的节流装置10在组装完成后可以作为单个零件装配到空调器上，从而可以减少空调器的零件的种类，并且由于该节流装置10同时具有双向节流以及截止的功能，本示例中的节流装置10装配到空调器上时还可以减小空调器的装配工序比如焊接的工序，进而提高了空调器的装配效率。
在一个具体的应用示例中，如图3所示，阀座3上还设有连通内部的第三接口33。前述的制冷阀芯1设置在第一接口31处。截止阀芯4设置在第三接口33处，截止阀芯4通过打开或闭合阀座3内壁上连通第二接口32的开口，以打开或闭合第二接口32。其中，具体的，当截止阀芯4打开该开口时，第二接口32被打开；相应的，当截止阀芯4闭合该开口时，第二接口32被闭合。在本实施例中，由于将截止阀芯4也设置在阀座3内部，从而使得节流装置10的结构更加紧凑，体积能做的更小，以进一步减小占用空调器的空间。
进一步的，如图3至图5所示，前述的节流装置10还包括第一螺帽5，第一螺帽5用于螺纹连接于上述的第二接口32处，以方便在运输时封闭第二接口32，防止在运输过程中杂物从第二接口32进入阀座3内部而影响节流装置10的性能。
如图3至图5所示，前述的节流装置10还可以包括第二螺帽6，第二螺帽6用于螺纹连接于上述的第三接口33处，以方便在运输时封闭第三接口33，防止在运输过程中杂物从第三接口33进入阀座3内部而影响节流装置10的性能。
进一步的，如图3所示，前述的节流装置10还可以包括第一过滤网7，该第一过滤网7设置在第一节流孔12处，用于对进出第一节流孔12的冷媒进行过滤。其中，优选的，该第一过滤网7可以覆盖在第一节流孔12的外侧。前述的节流装置10还可以包括第二过滤网8，第二过滤网8设置在第一过流孔13和第二过流孔14处，用于对进出前述第一过流孔13和第二过流孔14的冷媒进行过 滤。其中，优选的，第二过滤网8可以覆盖在第一过流孔13和第二过流孔14的外侧。在本示例中，通过将第一过滤网7和第二过滤网8集成在节流装置10上，可以使节流装置10的结构更加紧凑，体积能做的更小，以进一步减小占用空调器的空间。
进一步的，如图3所示，前述的节流装置10还可以包括接管9，接管9的一端与第一接口31连接，以使第一接口31通过该接管9进出冷媒。
通过上述实施例中的设置，相对于现有电子膨胀阀以及毛细管组件高昂的成本，本发明节流装置10的成本较低，从而提高了节流装置10的产品竞争力。
本发明的实施例还提供一种空调器，其包括上述任一种的节流装置10。本发明提供的空调器由于设置上述节流装置10的缘故，因此也具有结构更加紧凑，体积较小的优点，并且可以实现外机管路系统的小型化。
在上述提供的技术方案中，本发明节流装置10可以双向节流以实现空调器制冷或制热。其中，当空调器制冷时，如图1所示，冷媒从第一节流孔12流入制冷阀芯1(如图1中的箭头方向)，同时通过压力顶开制热阀芯2，使制热阀芯2打开第一过流孔13，从而冷媒一路可以从第一过流孔13流出制冷阀芯1，另一路可以经由第二节流孔21从第二过流孔14流出制冷阀芯1。当空调器制热时，如图2所示，冷媒从第二过流孔14流入制冷阀芯1(如图2中的箭头方向)，同时通过压力推动制热阀芯2运动以靠住制冷阀芯1，使制热阀芯2闭合第一过流孔13，从而冷媒可以经由第二节流孔21从第一节流孔12流出。
这里需要说明的是：在不冲突的情况下，本领域的技术人员可以根据实际情况将上述各示例中相关的技术特征相互组合，以达到相应的技术效果，具体对于各种组合情况在此不一一赘述。
以上所述，仅是本发明的较佳实施例而已，并非对本发明作任何形式上的限制，依据本发明的技术实质对以上实施例所作的任何简单修改、等同变化与修饰，均仍属于本发明技术方案的范围内。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种节流装置，其特征在于，包括：
    制冷阀芯，其具有内腔；
    制热阀芯，置于所述内腔并可在内腔中运动，使得制热阀芯在位于第一极限位置时流体沿第一方向流动并节流，且在位于第二极限位置时流体沿第二方向流动并节流；其中，所述第一方向与第二方向不相同。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的节流装置，其特征在于，
    所述制热阀芯通过两端侧流体的压差相对所述内腔的腔壁滑动至所述第一极限位置或所述第二极限位置。
  3. 如权利要求1或2所述的节流装置，其特征在于，
    所述制冷阀芯上设有连通内部的第一过流孔；
    所述制热阀芯位于第一极限位置时打开所述第一过流孔以使流体在第一方向上节流并从所述第一过流孔流出，且位于第二极限位置时闭合所述第一过流孔以使流体以不经过第一过流孔的方式沿第二方向流动并节流。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的节流装置，其特征在于，
    所述制冷阀芯上还设有连通内部的第一节流孔和第二过流孔，所述制热阀芯上具有贯穿两端的第二节流孔；
    当所述制热阀芯位于第一极限位置时，所述节流装置通过第一节流孔引入冷媒，且通过第一过流孔将经第一节流孔节流后的冷媒的至少一部分导出，以形成流体流动的第一方向；和/或，当所述制热阀芯位于第二极限位置时，所述节流装置通过第二过流孔引入冷媒，且将冷媒的至少一部分通过所述第二节流孔节流后导入到第一节流孔再次节流后导出，以形成流体流动的第二方向。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的节流装置，其特征在于，
    当所述制热阀芯位于第一极限位置时，所述制热阀芯与所述内腔的腔壁配合形成第一腔室，所述第一过流孔和所述第一节流孔均与所述第一腔室相连通。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的节流装置，其特征在于，
    所述第二节流孔与所述第一腔室连通，所述第一腔室和所述第二过流孔通过所述第二节流孔连通。
  7. 如权利要求4至6中任一项所述的节流装置，其特征在于，
    当所述制热阀芯位于第二极限位置时，所述第一节流孔与所述第二节流孔相连通、与所述第一过流孔不连通，且所述第二过流孔与所述第二节流孔相连通。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的节流装置，其特征在于，
    所述第一过流孔在内腔的腔壁上的开口与所述制热阀芯的侧面相对；
    所述制热阀芯具有相背的第一端和第二端，所述第二节流孔从所述第一端贯穿至第二端；所述第一端与所述内腔的腔壁之间形成第一密封结构，所述第二端与所述内腔的腔壁之间形成第二密封结构，所述第一密封结构与所述第二密封结构配合以闭合所述第一过流孔。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的节流装置，其特征在于，
    所述内腔的腔壁在所述第一节流孔的第一开口处具有第一锥壁，所述第一锥壁的内径在沿远离所述第一开口的方向呈逐渐增大的趋势；
    所述第一端具有与所述第一锥壁相适配的外形轮廓；所述第一端与所述第一锥壁相抵触且周向密封配合，以形成所述的第一密封结构；
    所述第二端处的侧面与所述内腔的腔壁周向密封配合以形成所述的第二密封结构。
  10. 如权利要求3至9中任一项所述的节流装置，其特征在于，
    所述第一过流孔的数量为两个以上，两个以上所述第一过流孔在所述制冷阀芯上沿其周向均匀分布。
  11. 如权利要求4至10中任一项所述的节流装置，其特征在于，还包括：
    阀座，其内部中空，所述阀座上设有连通内部的第一接口和第二接口；
    截止阀芯，设置在所述阀座上，用于打开或闭合所述第二接口；
    其中，所述制冷阀芯设置在所述阀座内，所述制冷阀芯的第一节流孔与所述第一接口相对应，以通过所述第一接口进出冷媒；所述制冷阀芯的第一过流孔和第二过流孔分别与所述第二接口相对应，以在所述第二接口打开时通过所述第二接口进出冷媒。
  12. 如权利要求11所述的节流装置，其特征在于，
    所述阀座上还设有连通内部的第三接口；
    所述制冷阀芯设置在所述第一接口处；所述截止阀芯设置在所述第三接口 处，所述截止阀芯通过打开或闭合所述阀座内壁上连通所述第二接口的开口，以打开或闭合所述第二接口。
  13. 如权利要求12所述的节流装置，其特征在于，
    所述节流装置还包括用于螺纹连接于所述第二接口处的第一螺帽和/或螺纹连接于所述第三接口处的第二螺帽；
    和/或，所述节流装置还包括接管，接管的一端与所述第一接口连接，以使所述第一接口通过所述接管进出冷媒。
  14. 如权利要求11至13中任一项所述的节流装置，其特征在于，还包括：
    第一过滤网，设置在所述第一节流孔处，用于对进出所述第一节流孔的冷媒进行过滤；
    和/或，还包括第二过滤网，设置在所述第一过流孔和所述第二过流孔处，用于对进出所述第一过流孔和所述第二过流孔的冷媒进行过滤。
  15. 一种空调器，其特征在于，包括权利要求1至14中任一项所述的节流装置。
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