WO2018033046A1 - 一种万向球头、安装该万向球头的模块及部件连接方法 - Google Patents

一种万向球头、安装该万向球头的模块及部件连接方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018033046A1
WO2018033046A1 PCT/CN2017/097366 CN2017097366W WO2018033046A1 WO 2018033046 A1 WO2018033046 A1 WO 2018033046A1 CN 2017097366 W CN2017097366 W CN 2017097366W WO 2018033046 A1 WO2018033046 A1 WO 2018033046A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
ball head
guide
fixing portion
universal ball
axis
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Application number
PCT/CN2017/097366
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
杨健勃
刘旸
Original Assignee
杨健勃
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Filing date
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Application filed by 杨健勃 filed Critical 杨健勃
Publication of WO2018033046A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018033046A1/zh

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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C11/00Pivots; Pivotal connections
    • F16C11/04Pivotal connections
    • F16C11/06Ball-joints; Other joints having more than one degree of angular freedom, i.e. universal joints
    • F16C11/0685Manufacture of ball-joints and parts thereof, e.g. assembly of ball-joints
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C11/00Pivots; Pivotal connections
    • F16C11/04Pivotal connections
    • F16C11/06Ball-joints; Other joints having more than one degree of angular freedom, i.e. universal joints
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C11/00Pivots; Pivotal connections
    • F16C11/04Pivotal connections
    • F16C11/10Arrangements for locking

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of mechanical connection structures, and in particular to a universal ball head, a module for mounting the universal ball head, and a method of connecting components.
  • the universal ball head that is, the ball joint
  • the universal ball head is a space connecting hinge, which is mainly composed of two parts, that is, a ball head and a ball shell.
  • the hinge only allows the two parts to rotate relative to the common center of the ball, and is widely used in the mechanical field.
  • the existing universal ball head function is relatively simple and the scope of use is limited.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a universal ball head.
  • the ball head body of the universal ball head can realize free swing in all directions and can transmit torque, and the universal ball head has a simple structure and can be easily replaced.
  • the devices are connected at both ends for more functions.
  • the object of the present invention is also to provide a module which is equipped with the universal ball head described above, and the two components on the module are respectively connected with the fixing portion of the universal ball head and the ball head, so that the relative of the two components can be realized. Swing, and can transmit torque, the scope of application is wider.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for connecting components, which can realize the transmission of torque under the condition that the second component is freely rotated in any direction with respect to the first component, and the universal ball can be locked after being locked.
  • the first component and the second component are maintained in a particular pose.
  • the present invention is implemented as follows:
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a universal ball head including a fixing portion and a ball head, the fixing portion being provided with a receiving cavity surrounded by a cavity wall and having an open end, the ball head including a ball head body and a connecting piece And at least one guide post, the ball head body is disposed in the receiving cavity, the connecting member and the guiding post are disposed on an outer wall of the ball head body, and the cavity wall is provided with a guiding groove,
  • the connector is located outside the receiving cavity and is swingable at the open end, the guide post
  • the center line is a first reference line
  • the center line of the open end is a second reference line
  • the guide post is slidably disposed in the guiding slot and is rotatable around the first reference line
  • the guiding slot is along The plane setting of the second reference line is described.
  • the ball head body is disposed in the accommodating cavity to form a common universal ball head, that is, a ball joint.
  • the ball head body is not completely located in the accommodating cavity, and a part of the ball head body protrudes from the open end, and further, protrudes from the open end.
  • the body part of the ball head changes with the rotation of the ball head body, and the connecting piece is connected with the protruding part, and the ball head body can freely rotate in any direction around the center of the ball in a predetermined range in the receiving cavity.
  • the connecting member can swing at the position of the open end, and the specified range refers to the movable range of the ball head body under the restriction of the open end and the connecting member.
  • the open end is for restricting the ball head body from being detached from the accommodating cavity and allowing the connecting member to swing within a certain range
  • the minimum width of the open end should be smaller than the diameter of the ball head body
  • the maximum width of the open end may be smaller than the diameter of the ball head body, or It is greater than or equal to the diameter of the ball head body.
  • the number of the guiding columns is at least two, and the center lines of any two of the guiding columns are coincident or perpendicular, and the center lines of all the guiding columns are located in the same plane.
  • a center line of the guide post respectively passes through a center of the ball body
  • the cavity wall is provided with at least two of the guide grooves, and the guide grooves are connected or disconnected from each other, and the number of the guide grooves And greater than or equal to the number of the guiding columns, each of the guiding columns is correspondingly disposed in one of the guiding grooves.
  • only one guide post can be set in one guide groove. If two or more guide posts are arranged in one guide groove, the width of the guide groove is generally greater than or equal to the maximum distance between the guide columns. The total number of columns may be one, two, three, four, etc. It should be noted that if the number of guide columns is two or more and the width of the guide groove is different from the maximum width of the guide post, Then, the center lines of the different guide columns are preferably coincident or perpendicular to the center of the ball body, and the number of the guide grooves varies with the number of the guide columns.
  • the center of the spherical, vertical, and centerline passing through the ball head in the present invention is not an absolute concept, but may have a certain deviation according to needs or manufacturing tolerances, that is, the center of the two guide columns. Substantial vertical or substantially coincident lines between the lines should also fall within the scope of the present invention.
  • the number of guide grooves may be greater than the number of guide posts because the number of guide posts may not be limited to one or two, so that one fixed portion can accommodate a ball head with a different number of guide posts.
  • the connecting member includes a first connecting portion and a first column portion, and the first connecting portion is fixedly connected or integrally formed with the first column portion, the first column shape And a fixed connection or integral molding with the ball head body, a center line of the first columnar portion is perpendicular to a center line of all the guide posts, and a center line of the first columnar portion passes through the ball head The center of the body.
  • the first column portion of the connecting member connects and fixes the first connecting portion and the ball head body, the first connecting portion is used for connecting the external component, the external component may be a power source or the like, and the structure and position of the first column portion may be such that it is at the open end Range of activities Bigger.
  • the open end is circular, the open end has a diameter smaller than a diameter of the ball head body, and the guide groove starts from the open end.
  • a three-dimensional coordinate axis with the center of the ball body as an origin including an X axis, a Y axis, and a Z axis, respectively, the X axis coincides with the first center line, and the Y axis and the third center The lines coincide, the Z axis perpendicularly intersects the first centerline and the Z axis intersects perpendicularly with the third centerline, the ball head body is rotatable about the X axis and the ball head body is capable of Rotate around the Z axis.
  • the universal ball head further includes a locking member, and the ball head body is fixed in the receiving cavity by the locking member.
  • the position of the ball head is fixed by the locking member, that is, the ball head body cannot continue to rotate, and the locking here can be completely locked, or can be relatively fixed by frictional force, and the external force is relatively large.
  • the locking member that is, the ball head body cannot continue to rotate
  • the locking here can be completely locked, or can be relatively fixed by frictional force, and the external force is relatively large.
  • relative rotation is also possible.
  • the fixing portion includes a first fixing portion and a second fixing portion capable of relative movement
  • the first fixing portion is provided with a through hole
  • one end of the through hole is an open end
  • the other end of the through hole is a closed end
  • the second fixing portion is provided with an extending portion
  • the protruding portion extends from the closed end into the through hole to surround the receiving cavity
  • a guiding groove is disposed on an inner wall of the through hole and/or the protruding portion
  • the locking member is respectively connected to the first fixing portion and the second fixing portion and is used for adjusting the protruding portion in the The relative position within the through hole.
  • the ball head can be first placed in the through hole, and then the extending portion of the second fixing portion is inserted into the through hole to enclose the receiving cavity, which is convenient for installation.
  • the ball head can be made.
  • the body rotates freely in any direction.
  • the locking member is adjusted to make a certain change in the position of the extending portion in the through hole, and the extending portion and the open end cooperate to squeeze the ball head body. Pressing, thereby realizing the fixing of the ball head, and manufacturing the first fixing portion and the second fixing portion body, the manufacturing is relatively simple, the cost is low, and the locking of the ball head is facilitated.
  • the extending portion is provided with at least two of the guiding grooves, and the guiding grooves are disconnected.
  • the locking member includes a knob, a second connecting portion and a second column portion, and the second connecting portion is fixedly connected or integrally formed with the second column portion, and the knob sleeve is sleeved
  • the second cylindrical portion includes a first threaded portion
  • the knob includes a second threaded portion
  • the first threaded portion is provided with an internal thread
  • the second threaded portion is provided with The external thread is engaged with the external thread
  • the second connecting portion is connected to the first fixing portion by a first member
  • the knob is disposed between the second connecting portion and the second connecting portion a second member fixed to the second fixing portion, wherein the second connecting portion pulls the first fixing portion to move relative to the second fixing portion and the extending portion
  • the ball body can be pressed and fixed.
  • the first component is a rod, and one end of the first component is opposite to the second The connecting portion is connected, the other end of the first member is connected to the first member, the second member or the second fixing portion is provided with a positioning through hole, and the rod is inserted through the positioning through hole .
  • the center of the ball body of the ball head body is located on the second reference line.
  • the embodiment of the invention further provides a universal ball head, comprising a fixing portion and a ball head, the fixing portion is provided with a receiving cavity surrounded by a cavity wall and having an open end, the ball head comprising a ball head body and a connection And at least one guide post, the ball head body is disposed in the receiving cavity, the connecting member and the guiding post are disposed on an outer surface of the ball head body, and the cavity wall is provided with a guide a slot, the connecting member is located outside the receiving cavity and is swingable at the open end, the guiding post is slidably and rotatably disposed in the guiding slot, and the guiding slot is oriented from the open end Extending away from the open end.
  • the number of the guide columns is at least two, the axis of the guide post is an axis of rotation, and the center of the ball of the ball head body is located on the rotation axis, and the guide column can Rotating about the axis of rotation, the axes of any two of the guide posts are coincident or perpendicular, and the connecting member includes a cylindrical portion integrally formed with the ball head body, an axis of the column portion and an axis of the guide post vertical.
  • the guide post is cylindrical, and the diameter of the guide post is equal to the width of the guide groove and is a clearance fit.
  • the side of the fixing portion provided with the open end has a spherical groove, and the open end is located at the bottom of the spherical groove.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a module, including a module body and a universal ball head according to any one of the above aspects, wherein the fixing portion is fixedly disposed on the module body, and the connecting member is used for connecting an external component.
  • An embodiment of the present invention further provides a component connecting method for connecting a first component and a second component by using a universal ball head, the first component being connected to a fixing portion of the universal ball head, and the second component
  • the ball joint of the universal ball head includes: maintaining the fixing portion and the ball head in a free state, screwing the second member, and rotating the second member relative to the first member Rotating and/or rotating about the Z axis; maintaining the fixed portion and the ball head in a free state, screwing the second member to rotate the second member about the Y axis relative to the first member, And transmitting torque to the first component; locking the fixed portion and the ball head to hold the first component relative to the second component; wherein the X axis, the Y axis, and The Z axes are perpendicular to each other and intersect at the center of the ball.
  • the beneficial effect of the present invention is that the guide post cooperates with the guide groove, and the guide post can slide in the guide groove, and the guide groove is divided into a longitudinal direction and a width direction, and the guide post slides along the length of the guide groove.
  • the guide post does not exert a force on the guide groove substantially
  • the guide post moves along the width direction of the guide groove by the ball head body or the guide post has a tendency to move along the width direction of the guide groove
  • the guide post is pressed against The side wall of the guide groove is applied with a certain force, and the guide post drives a part of the fixed portion or the fixed portion to rotate to realize the transmission of torque.
  • the module with the universal ball head can be connected with other modules through the ball joint end, the fixed end of the ball head is the module body, the module body can be any module of the cell robot, or can be various sensor modules, the ball head can The module is oscillated in any direction with respect to other modules, and when the module is installed, the module body can be held by hand, and the connection end of the ball head is screwed into other modules to make it integrated.
  • a module using a universal ball head it can be locked at any position, and the torque can be transmitted through the module body, so that the module is screwed into other modules and linked together.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a universal ball head according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a front elevational view of Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is a right side view of Figure 2;
  • Figure 4 is a left side view of Figure 2;
  • Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of Figure 2;
  • Figure 6 is a partial enlarged view of Figure 5;
  • Fig. 7 is a partially enlarged schematic view of Fig. 6.
  • Ball head 130 ball head body 131; connecting member 132; guide post 133; first guide post 134; second guide post 135; first connecting portion 136; first column portion 137;
  • Locking member 160 second connecting portion 162; second column portion 163; first member 164.
  • setting and “connecting” are to be understood broadly, and may be, for example, a fixed connection or a detachable connection, or Connected integrally; can be mechanical or electrical; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, which can be the internal communication between the two components.
  • intermediate medium which can be the internal communication between the two components.
  • Embodiment 1 of the present invention provides a universal ball head 100 which can realize the function of an ordinary universal ball head 100 and can realize torque transmission, and The locking function can be realized.
  • the locking function can be selected as needed or not, that is, the universal ball head 100 can have a locking function or a locking function.
  • the specific structure of the universal ball head 100 is that the universal ball head 100 includes the fixing portion 101 , the ball head 130 and the locking member 160 , and the locking member 160 is not necessary, and the locking member 160 is added.
  • the locking function of the universal ball head 100 can be increased.
  • the locking member 160 is not installed when the universal ball head 100 is manufactured, and it is also possible to install the locking member 160 during use, and the specific structure of each part is as follows. The connection relationship between the various parts is described in detail.
  • the fixing portion 101 is provided with a receiving cavity 102 surrounded by a cavity wall and having an open end 103.
  • the shape of the receiving cavity 102 is set as a spherical cavity, of course, the receiving cavity 102 It is also possible for other forms; the shape of the open end 103 is not limited, and may be, for example, a circle, a rectangle, an irregular shape, or the like. In the present embodiment, the shape of the open end 103 is designed to be circular, and the open end 103 is The diameter is smaller than the diameter of the receiving chamber 102.
  • the ball head 130 includes a ball head body 131, a connecting member 132, and at least one guide post 133.
  • the ball head body 131 may be spherical, the ball head body 131 is disposed in the accommodating cavity 102 and cooperate with each other, and the ball head body 131 is rotatable within the accommodating cavity 102.
  • the connecting member 132 is mainly connected with the other components connected to the ball and the ball body 131.
  • the connecting member 132 is disposed on the outer wall of the ball head body 131.
  • the connecting manner between the connecting member 132 and the ball head body 131 can be integrated.
  • the fixed connection in the present application includes a detachable connection and a non-detachable connection, and the connector 132 is located outside the accommodating cavity 102 and can swing at the open end 103.
  • the ball body 131 is disposed in the accommodating cavity 102 to form a common ball joint, that is, a ball joint.
  • the specific structure not shown may refer to the ball joint in the prior art.
  • the receiving cavity 102 is designed as a spherical cavity
  • the ball head 130 is spherical
  • the connecting member 132 is moved at the open end 103. If there is no other structure, the ball head body 131 can freely rotate around the center of the ball, thereby making the connecting piece 132 can swing within the range defined by the open end 103.
  • the open end 103 is designed to be circular, and the diameter of the open end 103 is smaller than the diameter of the ball head body 131, and the ball head body 131 cannot be disengaged from the open end 103 to the receiving cavity 102, thereby functioning as a limit.
  • Connector 132 It can be swung or rotated in the area enclosed by the open end 103, and the shape of the connecting member 132 is indefinite, mainly for connecting external components.
  • the ball body 131 can be locked and fixed by the locking member 160 .
  • the locking and fixing form is not limited as long as the relative rotation between the ball body 131 and the fixing portion 101 is difficult to occur. For example, it may be completely locked so that the ball head body 131 cannot be rotated, or the ball head body 131 may be rotated by pressing action and frictional force. Of course, the ball head body 131 is rotatable relative to the fixed portion 101 when the locking member 160 is loosened.
  • the guide post 133 is disposed on the outer wall of the ball head body 131 , and the connection between the guide post 133 and the ball head body 131 may be integrally formed or fixedly connected, and the cavity wall may also be regarded as the receiving cavity 102 .
  • the inner wall of the cavity is provided with a guide groove 104.
  • the guide groove 104 can be a strip-shaped groove. The guide post 133 is engaged with the guide groove 104, and the guide post 133 is slidably disposed in the guide groove 104.
  • the guide groove 104 is divided into a length direction, a width direction, and a depth direction.
  • the length direction and the width direction of the guide groove 104 are not limited by the length alone, but according to the guide column.
  • the length direction of the guide groove 104 is a direction in which the force applied to the fixing portion 101 is not applied when the guide post 133 moves.
  • the direction in which the width direction guide post 133 of the groove 104 moves to a certain extent exerts a force on the fixing portion 101.
  • the definition herein is only a relative concept, for example, in the longitudinal direction, the guide post 133 reaches a certain one of the guide grooves 104. In the position, a certain force may be applied to the fixing portion 101, but the force is not the force we want. In the width direction, the guide post 133 may have a certain range of motion in the guiding groove 104. The fixing portion 101 applies a force.
  • the orientation of the guide groove 104 is not limited.
  • the center line of the guide post 133 is the first reference line, and the fixing portion 101 is provided.
  • the guide post 133 can be rotated about the first reference line, and the width of the guide groove 104 is greater than or equal to the width of the guide post 133.
  • the width of the guide groove 104 is equal to the width of the guide post 133 and the two are clearance fits.
  • the guide post 133 is cylindrical, and the width of the guide groove 104 is greater than or equal to the diameter of the guide post 133.
  • the width of the guide groove 104 is approximately equal to the diameter of the guide post 133.
  • the length of the guide groove 104 and the longitudinal direction starting position of the guide groove 104 are not limited, but it is possible to ensure that the connecting member 132 can freely move within the range defined by the open end 103.
  • the center line of the open end 103 is a second reference line, and the guide groove 104 is disposed along the plane of the second reference line.
  • the center line is not intended to define that the open end 103 must be circular (it is to be noted that since the open end 103 has a certain length, the open end 103 can be regarded as a two-dimensional figure, and can also be considered as a three-dimensional structure, and the cross section is In the two-dimensional figure, if the open end 103 is considered to be a two-dimensional figure, the second reference line refers to the center point of the open end 103 and the ball head body 131. The line connecting the centers of the balls is in a straight line.
  • the second reference line preferably passes through the center of the circle or has a small distance from the center of the circle, even if the shape of the open end 103 is Irregular shapes are also possible. Of course, in general, the shape of the open end 103 is relatively regular.
  • the guide post 133 is slidably and rotatably disposed in the guide groove 104.
  • the guide groove 104 starts from the open end and extends away from the open end.
  • the number of the guide posts 133 is selected as needed.
  • the total number of the guide posts 133 may be one, two, three, four, and the like.
  • the center lines of any two guide posts 133 are coincident or vertical, and the centerlines of all the guide posts 133 are located in the same plane, and the center line of the guide posts 133 passes through the center of the ball head body 131, respectively.
  • the centerlines of any two guide pillars 133 are coincident or vertical does not mean that the centerlines of all the guide pillars 133 can only coincide or only be vertical, but when the number of the guide pillars 133 is two The center lines of the two guiding columns 133 can only be coincident or only perpendicular.
  • the center lines of the partial guiding columns 133 coincide, and the center lines of the partial guiding columns 133 are perpendicular, that is, two guiding The center line of the column 133 is vertical when it is contracted with the center line of the two guide columns 133.
  • the number of the guide posts 133 is two.
  • one of the guiding columns 133 is the first guiding column 134
  • the other guiding column 133 is the second guiding column 135.
  • the center line of the first guiding column 134 is the first center line
  • the second The centerline of the guide post 135 is a second centerline, and the first centerline coincides or is perpendicular to the second centerline.
  • the first center line and the second center line coincide, the first center line and the second center line respectively pass through the center of the ball body 131, and the cavity wall is provided with at least two guiding grooves 104,
  • the initial position of the slots 104 to communicate with each other or to open the guide slots 104 is not fixed.
  • the guide slots 104 may start at the open end 103 or may start at any position of the cavity wall. If the guide groove 104 starts from the open end 103 and the guide post 133 is two or more oppositely disposed, at some time, one of the guide posts 133 can be detached from the guide groove 104, and the other guide post 133 It is located in the guide groove 104. Of course, all the guide posts 133 may also be located in the guide groove 104.
  • the width of the guiding groove 104 is generally greater than or equal to the maximum distance between the guiding columns 133. If the guiding column 133 is cylindrical, the width of the guiding groove 104 is greater than or equal to the diameter of the guiding column 133, and in order to reduce the universal ball head 100 The swaying needs to minimize the width of the guide groove 104. Therefore, it is preferable that the width of the guide groove 104 is approximately equal to the diameter of the guide post 133.
  • only one guide post 133 can be disposed in one guide groove 104. If two or more guide posts 133 are disposed in one guide groove 104, two or more guides in one guide groove 104 should be disposed.
  • the column 133 is regarded as a partially-removed guide post 133 because it is necessary to enable the universal ball head 100 to be wound around a guide groove 104 in order to allow the universal ball head 100 to be rotated about the center line of the guide post 133.
  • the center line between the entirety of the plurality of guide posts 133 formed therein rotates.
  • the number of the guide grooves 104 is greater than or equal to the number of the guide posts 133.
  • the number of the guide grooves 104 is equal to the number of the guide posts 133, and the number of the guide grooves 104 and the number of the guide posts 133 are both
  • Each guide groove 104 is provided with a guide post 133, and each guide post 133 can only correspond to one guide groove 104. Of course, there are some guide slots therein. It is also possible to have no guide posts 133 in the 104, and each of the guide posts 133 is correspondingly disposed in one of the guide grooves 104.
  • the guiding grooves 104 is larger than the number of the guiding columns 133, that is, the guiding columns 133 are not disposed in the partial guiding grooves 104, for example, the number of the guiding grooves 104 is four, and the number of the guiding columns 133 is two, the guiding groove 104 is about
  • the second reference line is rotationally symmetric, and the fixing portion 101 can be adapted to different ball heads 130, facilitate the replacement of the ball head 130, and adapt to different strengths and the like.
  • the number of the guide posts 133 is generally up to four. Of course, the number of the guide posts 133 is greater than four, and the four guide posts 133 are cross-shaped. One to three guide posts 133 can be selectively removed in the four guide posts 133, that is, the number of the guide posts 133 can be arbitrarily selected from one to four. If the number of the guide posts 133 is four, two of them are guided. During the sliding of the column 133 along the length of the channel 104, the other two columns 133 are rotated about their own centerline.
  • the guide column 133 is two and the center lines of the two guide posts 133 are overlapped to show the working principle of the universal ball head 100: the three-dimensional coordinate axes are established with the spherical center of the ball head body 131 as the origin, respectively.
  • the X axis, the Y axis, and the Z axis are included.
  • the X axis, the Y axis, and the Z axis are perpendicular to each other and intersect with the center of the ball head body 131.
  • the X axis coincides with the first center line
  • the Y axis coincides with the third center line.
  • the Z axis intersects perpendicularly with the first centerline and the Z axis intersects perpendicularly with the third centerline.
  • the ball head body 131 is rotatable about the X axis and the ball head body 131 is rotatable about the Z axis.
  • the ball head body 131 can have three motion states:
  • the ball head body 131 is rotated about the X axis, at which time the relative position of the guide post 133 in the guide groove 104 is constant, and the guide post 133 is rotated about the X axis.
  • the ball head body 131 is rotated about the Y axis, and the guide post 133 abuts the guide groove 104 and transmits torque.
  • the ball head body 131 is rotated about the Z axis, at which time the guide post 133 slides within the guide groove 104.
  • the first state and the third state may be superimposed on each other, so that the connecting member 132 can swing in the tapered region, and the ball head body 131 can be freely rotated in any direction.
  • the term "arbitrary direction" means the movable range of the connecting member 132, and the second state is used for the transmission of torque.
  • the three motion states can be performed separately, or two or three of them can be selected in order, of course, the order can be freely set as needed. For example, the first state is performed first, and then the second state is performed; the first state and the third state are simultaneously performed, and then the second state and the like are performed.
  • the ball body and the fixing portion are locked, so that the two components connected to the universal ball head are relatively fixed and maintained in a specific posture.
  • the structure of the connecting member 132 can be selected from, but not limited to, the following scheme: as shown in FIG. 6, the connecting member 132 includes a first connecting portion 136 and a first column portion 137, and the first connecting portion 136 is fixedly connected with the first column portion 137. Or integrally formed, the first columnar portion 137 and the ball head body 131 are fixedly connected or integrally formed, the center line of the first columnar portion 137 is a third center line, the first center line is perpendicular to the third center line, and the third center The thread passes through the center of the ball head body 131.
  • the locking member 160 may be a bolt.
  • the side wall of the fixing portion 101 is provided with a threaded hole.
  • the bolt is provided with an external thread.
  • the threaded hole is provided with an internal thread.
  • the external thread is engaged with the internal thread.
  • the bolt passes through the threaded hole and can protrude into the receiving cavity.
  • the ball body 131 is held against the ball head body 131, and the ball head body 131 is locked by the frictional force between the bolt and the ball head body 131.
  • the structure of the locking member 160 may also be in other forms.
  • a form of the locking member 160 is provided, and the locking member 160 is matched with the structure of the fixing portion 101.
  • the specific structure is as follows:
  • the fixing portion 101 includes a first fixing portion 105 and a second fixing portion 106 that are relatively movable.
  • the first fixing portion 105 is provided with a through hole.
  • One end of the through hole is an open end 103, and the other end of the through hole is a closed end.
  • the through hole may include an equal diameter segment and a variable diameter segment, and the diameters at the equal diameter segments are equal and variable.
  • the diameter of the diameter section is gradually reduced, and the equal diameter section makes the installation of the ball head body 131 convenient, the variable diameter section makes the ball head body 131 unable to be detached from the open end 103, and the variable diameter section can increase the cavity wall and the ball head.
  • the contact area between the bodies 131 is more stable.
  • the second fixing portion 106 is provided with an extending portion 107, and the extending portion 107 extends from the closed end into the through hole to enclose the receiving cavity 102.
  • the guiding groove 104 is disposed on the inner wall and/or the extending of the through hole.
  • the inlet portion 107 in the embodiment, the inner wall of the through hole and the extending portion 107 are respectively provided with two guiding grooves 104, and the guiding groove 104 of the through hole starts from one end of the through hole and ends at the other end of the through hole.
  • the guide post 133 enters the guide groove 104 from the closed end, and the installation is very convenient, and the guide grooves 104 of the extending portion 107 are disconnected, and the gap between the guide grooves 104 can be enhanced to extend.
  • the strength of the portion 107 is very convenient.
  • the locking members 160 are coupled to the first fixing portion 105 and the second fixing portion 106, respectively, and are used to adjust the relative positions of the extending portions 107 in the through holes.
  • the locking member 160 includes a knob, a second connecting portion 162 and a second column portion 163 , and the second connecting portion 162 is fixedly connected with the second column portion 163 or
  • the knob is sleeved on the outer side of the second column portion 163
  • the second column portion 163 includes a first thread segment
  • the knob includes a second thread segment
  • the first thread segment is provided with an internal thread
  • the second thread segment is provided with an external thread
  • the internal thread is engaged with the external thread
  • the second connecting portion 162 is connected to the first fixing portion 105 through the first member 164
  • the second member is disposed between the knob and the second connecting portion 162.
  • the second member is fixed to the second member.
  • the portion 106 is fixed.
  • the second connecting portion 162 pulls the first fixing portion 105 to move relative to the second fixing portion 106 and the extending portion 107 can press and fix the ball head body 131.
  • the first component 164 is a rod, one end of the first component 164 is connected to the second connecting portion 162, and the other end of the first component 164 is connected to the first component 164, and the second component or
  • the second fixing portion 106 is provided with a positioning through hole, and the rod member is disposed through the positioning through hole.
  • the structure of the rod member may be: the rod member comprises a round rod, a retaining portion and a nut, the retaining portion is cylindrical, the diameter of the retaining portion is larger than the diameter of the round rod, and the retaining portion is disposed at one end of the rod, the rod member The other end is provided with a threaded portion.
  • the round rod passes through the first fixing portion 105 and the positioning through hole and is provided with a nut.
  • the second fixing portion 106 is disposed between the first fixing portion 105 and the second connecting portion 162.
  • the embodiment 2 of the present invention provides a module, which includes a module body and a universal ball head 100 of any one of the above embodiments.
  • the module body may be a wheel or the like, and the fixing portion 101 is fixedly disposed on the module body.
  • the connecting member 132 is used to connect the external components.
  • the module body and the universal ball head 100 can be held at a predetermined position, and the module can be held in a specific posture after being attached to the vehicle body.
  • Embodiment 3 of the present invention provides a method for connecting components, which uses a universal ball head 100 to connect the first component and the second component, the first component being connected to the fixing portion of the universal ball head 100, and the second The component is coupled to the ball head 130 of the universal ball head 100.
  • the center of the ball head 130 (if the universal ball head 100 structure in the first embodiment is used, the "ball center of the ball head 130" here should be the "ball center of the ball head body 131") is defined as the origin.
  • the X axis, the Y axis, and the Z axis, wherein the X axis, the Y axis, and the Z axis are perpendicular to each other and intersect with the center of the ball 130.
  • the method includes the following steps:
  • the fixed portion 101 and the ball head 130 are locked to keep the first member stationary relative to the second member.
  • the ball-end body of the universal ball head of the invention can realize free swing in all directions and can transmit torque, and the structure of the universal ball head is simple, and the connection device at both ends can be easily replaced, and the function is more abundant.
  • the two components on the module of the present invention are respectively connected with the fixing portion of the universal ball head and the ball head, so that the relative swing of the two components can be realized, and the torque can be transmitted, and the application range is wider.
  • the connecting method of the component of the invention can realize the transmission of the torque under the condition that the second component is freely rotated in any direction with respect to the first component, and the first component and the second component can be maintained after the universal ball head is locked. Specific posture.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Pivots And Pivotal Connections (AREA)

Abstract

一种万向球头(100),包括固定部(101)和球头(130),固定部(101)设置有由腔体壁围成且具有开口端的容纳腔(102),球头(130)包括球头本体(131)、连接件(132)和至少一根导柱(133),球头本体(131)设置在容纳腔(102)内,连接件(132)和导柱(133)均设置于球头本体(131)的外壁,腔体壁设置有导槽(104),连接件(132)位于容纳腔(102)的外部且能够在开口端摆动,导柱(133)滑动设置于导槽(104)内。当导柱(133)沿导槽(104)的长度方向滑动时,导柱(133)基本不会对导槽(104)施加作用力,当导柱(133)在球头本体(131)的带动下沿导槽(104)的宽度方向运动或导柱(133)具有沿导槽(104)的宽度方向运动的趋势时,导柱(133)抵住导槽(104)的侧壁并对其施加一定的作用力,导柱(133)带动固定部(101)或固定部(101)的一部分转动,实现扭矩的传递。还涉及一种安装该万向球头的模块及部件连接方法,模块及部件连接方法均采用万向球头连接。

Description

一种万向球头、安装该万向球头的模块及部件连接方法
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求于2016年08月18日提交中国专利局的申请号为201610688840.0、名称为“一种万向球头及安装该万向球头的”的中国专利申请的优先权,其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及机械连接结构领域,具体而言,涉及一种万向球头、安装该万向球头的模块及部件连接方法。
背景技术
万向球头,即球铰,是一种空间连接铰,主要由两部分组成,即球头与球壳,该铰只允许两部件绕公共的球心相对转动,在机械领域应用非常广泛。现有的万向球头功能较为单一,使用范围受到限制。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种万向球头,万向球头的球头本体既可以实现在各方向的自由摆动,又可以传递扭矩,万向球头的结构简单,同时可以很容易的更换两端连接器件,功能更加丰富。
本发明的目的还在于提供一种模块,该模块安装有上述的万向球头,模块上的两个部件分别与万向球头的固定部和球头连接,既可以实现两个部件的相对摆动,又可以传递扭矩,适用范围更广。
本发明的目的还在于提供一种部件的连接方法,该方法能够实现第二部件相对于第一部件在任意方向自由转动的条件下,又能够实现扭矩的传递,将万向球头锁定后可以使第一部件和第二部件保持特定姿态。
本发明是这样实现的:
本发明实施例提供了一种万向球头,包括固定部和球头,所述固定部设置有由腔体壁围成且具有开口端的容纳腔,所述球头包括球头本体、连接件和至少一根导柱,所述球头本体设置在所述容纳腔内,所述连接件和所述导柱均设置于所述球头本体的外壁,所述腔体壁设置有导槽,所述连接件位于所述容纳腔的外部且能够在所述开口端摆动,所述导柱 的中心线为第一参考线,所述开口端的中心线为第二参考线,所述导柱滑动设置于所述导槽内且能够绕所述第一参考线转动,所述导槽沿所述第二参考线的所在平面设置。
球头本体设置于容纳腔内形成普通的万向球头,即球铰,当然,球头本体并非完全位于容纳腔内,有一部分球头本体从开口端伸出,另外,从开口端伸出的球头本体部分是会随着球头本体的转动发生变化的,连接件与伸出的部分连接,球头本体可以在容纳腔内绕自身球心在规定的范围内沿任意方向自由转动,球头本体转动过程中,连接件可以在开口端的位置摆动,规定的范围是指在开口端和连接件的限制下,球头本体的能够活动的范围。
开口端用于限制球头本体从容纳腔内脱离且使连接件能够在一定范围内摆动,开口端的最小宽度应当小于球头本体的直径,开口端的最大宽度可以小于球头本体的直径,也可以大于或等于球头本体的直径,当然,也可以在开口端增设其他部件组织球头本体从容纳腔内脱离,这一点是所有的万向球头都需要具备的条件,不需要进行赘述,只要在万向球头组装完毕后确保球头本体无法从开口端脱离即可。
作为上述方案的可选实施例,所述导柱的数量为至少两根,任意两根所述导柱的中心线重合或垂直,全部所述导柱的中心线位于同一个平面内,所述导柱的中心线分别穿过所述球头本体的球心,所述腔体壁设置有至少两个所述导槽,所述导槽之间相互连通或断开,所述导槽的数量大于或等于所述导柱的数量,每根所述导柱均对应设置于其中一个所述导槽内。
一般情况下,一个导槽内只能设置最多一根导柱,若一个导槽内设置两根或多根导柱,则导槽的宽度一般要大于或等于导柱之间的最大距离,导柱的总数量可以为一根、两根、三根、四根等,需要注意的是,如果导柱的数量为两根以上并且导槽的宽度与导柱的最大宽度相差较小的情况下,那么不同导柱的中心线最好是重合或垂直相交于球头本体的球心,导槽的数量随导柱的数量变化而变化。需要注意的是,本发明中所说的重合、垂直、中心线穿过球头的球心并非是绝对概念,而是可以根据需要或制造公差等存在一定的偏差,即两根导柱的中心线之间基本垂直或基本重合也应该落在本发明的保护范围内。导槽的数量可以大于导柱的数量,这是因为导柱的数量可以不局限于一根或两根,从而使得一个固定部可以适应带有不同数量导柱的球头。
作为上述方案的可选实施例,所述连接件包括第一连接部和第一柱状部,所述第一连接部与所述第一柱状部之间固定连接或一体成型,所述第一柱状部与所述球头本体之间固定连接或一体成型,所述第一柱状部的中心线与全部所述导柱的中心线垂直,所述第一柱状部的中心线穿过所述球头本体的球心。
连接件的第一柱状部将第一连接部和球头本体连接固定,第一连接部用于连接外接部件,外接部件可以为电源等,第一柱状部的结构及位置可以使得其在开口端处的活动范围 更大。
作为上述方案的可选实施例,所述开口端为圆形,所述开口端的直径小于所述球头本体的直径,所述导槽始于所述开口端。
以所述球头本体的球心为原点建立三维坐标轴,分别包括X轴、Y轴和Z轴,所述X轴与所述第一中心线重合,所述Y轴与所述第三中心线重合,所述Z轴与所述第一中心线垂直相交且所述Z轴与所述第三中心线垂直相交,所述球头本体能够绕所述X轴转动且所述球头本体能够绕所述Z轴转动。
作为上述方案的可选实施例,所述万向球头还包括锁定件,所述球头本体通过所述锁定件固定于所述容纳腔内。
当球头到达指定位置后,通过锁定件实现球头的位置固定,即球头本体无法继续转动,此处的锁定既可以是完全锁死,也可以是通过摩擦力相对固定,在外力较大的情况下球头本体与固定部能够发生相对转动也是可以的。
作为上述方案的可选实施例,所述固定部包括能够相对运动的第一固定部和第二固定部,所述第一固定部设置有通孔,所述通孔的一端为开口端,所述通孔的另一端为被封闭端,所述第二固定部设置有伸入部,所述伸入部从所述被封闭端伸入所述通孔内围成所述容纳腔,所述导槽设置于所述通孔的内壁和/或所述伸入部,所述锁定件分别与所述第一固定部和所述第二固定部连接且用于调节所述伸入部在所述通孔内的相对位置。
在安装过程中,可以先将球头放入通孔内,然后再将第二固定部的伸入部插入通孔内围成容纳腔,方便安装,当球头安装完毕后,可以使球头本体在任意方向自由转动,球头本体转动至一定位置后,调节锁紧件,使伸入部在通孔内的位置发生一定的改变,伸入部与开口端共同作用对球头本体进行挤压,从而实现球头的固定,将第一固定部和第二固定部分体制作,制作较为简便、成本较低,并且方便球头的锁紧。
作为上述方案的可选实施例,所述伸入部设置有至少两个所述导槽,所述导槽之间断开。
作为上述方案的可选实施例,所述锁定件包括旋钮、第二连接部和第二柱状部,所述第二连接部与所述第二柱状部固定连接或一体成型,所述旋钮套设于所述第二柱状部的外侧,所述第二柱状部包括第一螺纹段,所述旋钮包括第二螺纹段,所述第一螺纹段设置有内螺纹,所述第二螺纹段设置有外螺纹,所述内螺纹与所述外螺纹啮合,所述第二连接部与所述第一固定部之间通过第一部件连接,所述旋钮与所述第二连接部之间设置有第二部件,所述第二部件与所述第二固定部固定,所述旋钮转动时,所述第二连接部拉动所述第一固定部相对于所述第二固定部运动且所述伸入部能够将所述球头本体挤压固定。
作为上述方案的可选实施例,所述第一部件为杆件,所述第一部件的一端与所述第二 连接部连接,所述第一部件的另一端与所述第一部件连接,所述第二部件或所述第二固定部设置有定位通孔,所述杆件穿设于所述定位通孔。
作为上述方案的可选实施例,所述球头本体的球心位于所述第二参考线上。
本发明实施例还提供了一种万向球头,包括固定部和球头,所述固定部设置有由腔体壁围成且具有开口端的容纳腔,所述球头包括球头本体、连接件和至少一根导柱,所述球头本体设置在所述容纳腔内,所述连接件和所述导柱均设置于所述球头本体的外表面,所述腔体壁设置有导槽,所述连接件位于所述容纳腔的外部且能够在所述开口端摆动,所述导柱可滑动且可转动的设置于所述导槽内,所述导槽从所述开口端朝向远离所述开口端的方向延伸。
作为上述方案的可选实施例,所述导柱的数量为至少两根,所述导柱的轴线为旋转轴线,所述球头本体的球心位于所述旋转轴线上,所述导柱能够绕所述旋转轴线转动,任意两根所述导柱的轴线重合或垂直,所述连接件包括与所述球头本体一体成型的柱状部,所述柱状部的轴线与所述导柱的轴线垂直。
作为上述方案的可选实施例,所述导柱为圆柱状,所述导柱的直径与所述导槽的宽度相等且为间隙配合。
作为上述方案的可选实施例,所述固定部的设置有所述开口端的一侧具有球面凹槽,所述开口端位于所述球面凹槽的底部。
本发明实施例还提供了一种模块,包括模块本体和上述任意一种方案所述的万向球头,所述固定部固定设置于所述模块本体,所述连接件用于连接外接部件。
本发明实施例还提供了一种部件连接方法,使用万向球头连接第一部件和第二部件,所述第一部件与所述万向球头的固定部连接,所述第二部件与所述万向球头的球头连接,包括:使所述固定部和所述球头保持自由状态,旋拧所述第二部件,使所述第二部件相对于所述第一部件绕X轴转动和/或绕Z轴转动;使所述固定部和所述球头保持自由状态,旋拧所述第二部件,使所述第二部件相对于所述第一部件绕Y轴转动,并向所述第一部件传递扭矩;将所述固定部和所述球头锁定,以使第一部件相对于所述第二部件保持不动;其中,所述X轴、所述Y轴和所述Z轴两两垂直且相交于所述球头的球心。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果是:导柱与导槽配合,导柱可以在导槽内滑动,导槽分为长度方向和宽度方向,当导柱沿导槽的长度方向滑动时,导柱基本不会对导槽施加作用力,当导柱在球头本体的带动下沿导槽的宽度方向运动或导柱具有沿导槽的宽度方向运动的趋势时,导柱抵住导槽的侧壁并对其施加一定的作用力,导柱带动固定部或固定部的一部分转动,实现扭矩的传递。另外,增设导柱和导槽,仅仅限定了球头本体不能绕第二参考线方向旋转,连接件的活动范围不会发生变化,能够在开口端随意摆动,并不影 响万向球头在空间坐标系中的任意向的旋转。具有万向球头的模块通过球头连接端可以与其他模块相连接,球头的固定端则是模块本体,模块本体可以是细胞机器人的任意模块,也可以是各种传感器模块,球头可以使模块相对于其他模块向任意方向摆动,并且在安装模块的时候,可以手握着模块本体,将球头的连接端旋入其他模块中,使之成为一体。同时作为运用万向球头的模块,能够在任意位置锁死,并且能够通过模块本体传递扭矩,使此模块旋入其他模块中,链接为一体。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例提供的万向球头轴测图;
图2为图1的主视图;
图3为图2的右视图;
图4为图2的左视图;
图5为图2的剖视图;
图6为图5的局部放大示意图;
图7为图6的局部放大示意图。
万向球头100;
固定部101;容纳腔102;开口端103;导槽104;第一固定部105;第二固定部106;伸入部107;
球头130;球头本体131;连接件132;导柱133;第一导柱134;第二导柱135;第一连接部136;第一柱状部137;
锁定件160;第二连接部162;第二柱状部163;第一部件164。
具体实施方式
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚,下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
因此,以下对在附图中提供的本发明的实施例的详细描述并非旨在限制要求保护的本发明的范围,而是仅仅表示本发明的选定实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
应注意到:相似的标号和字母在下面的附图中表示类似项,因此,一旦某一项在一个附图中被定义,则在随后的附图中不需要对其进行进一步定义和解释。
在本发明的描述中,需要说明的是,术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”等仅用于区分描述,而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。
在本发明的描述中,还需要说明的是,除非另有明确的规定和限定,术语“设置”、“连接”应做广义理解,例如,可以是固定连接,也可以是可拆卸连接,或一体地连接;可以是机械连接,也可以是电连接;可以是直接相连,也可以通过中间媒介间接相连,可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言,可以具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
如图1-图7所示,本发明实施例1提供了一种万向球头100,该万向球头100既可以实现普通的万向球头100功能,又可以实现扭矩的传递,并且可以实现锁紧功能,当然锁紧功能可以根据需要选择有或无,即万向球头100可以有锁紧功能也可以没有锁紧功能。
如图5、图6所示,万向球头100的具体结构为:万向球头100包括固定部101、球头130和锁定件160,锁定件160并不是必须的,增设锁定件160后可以增加万向球头100的锁紧功能,当然,在制作万向球头100时不安装锁定件160,在使用过程中安装锁定件160也是可以的,下面对每个部分的具体结构以及各个部分之间的连接关系进行详细的说明。
如图7所示,固定部101设置有由腔体壁围成且具有开口端103的容纳腔102,在本实施例中,将容纳腔102的形状设置为球形空腔,当然,容纳腔102为其它形式也是完全可以的;开口端103的形状不限,例如可以为圆形、矩形、不规则形状等,在本实施例中,将开口端103的形状设计为圆形,开口端103的直径小于容纳腔102的直径。
如图7所示,球头130包括球头本体131、连接件132和至少一根导柱133。
球头本体131可以为球形,球头本体131设置在容纳腔102内且相互配合,球头本体131可以在容纳腔102内转动。
如图6所示,连接件132主要用连接外接的其它部件与球头本体131,连接件132设置于球头本体131的外壁,连接件132与球头本体131之间的连接方式可以为一体成型、固定连接等方式,本申请中的固定连接包括可拆卸连接及不可拆卸连接,连接件132位于容纳腔102的外部且能够在开口端103摆动。
球头本体131设置于容纳腔102内形成普通的万向球头,即球铰,未标明的具体结构可以参照现有技术中的球铰,一般情况下,为了实现万向球头100的顺畅转动,容纳腔102会设计为球形空腔,球头130为球形,连接件132在开口端103位置活动,若没有其他结构,则球头本体131可以绕自身球心自由转动,从而使连接件132可以在开口端103限定的范围内摆动。
在本实施例中,开口端103设计为圆形,则开口端103的直径小于球头本体131的直径,球头本体131无法从开口端103处脱离容纳腔102,从而起到限位的作用。连接件132 可以在开口端103围成的区域内摆动或转动,连接件132的形状不定,主要起到连接外接其它部件的作用。
如图1所示,球头本体131能够通过锁定件160锁紧固定,此处所说的锁紧固定形式不限,只要能够使球头本体131与固定部101之间难以发生相对转动即可,例如既可以是完全锁死使得球头本体131无法转动,也可以是通过挤压作用及摩擦力使得球头本体131转动较为困难等。当然,在松开锁定件160时,球头本体131能够相对于固定部101转动。
如图7所示,导柱133设置于球头本体131的外壁,导柱133与球头本体131之间的连接方式可以为一体成型或固定连接等,腔体壁也可以认为是容纳腔102的内壁,腔体壁设置有导槽104,导槽104可以为条形槽,导柱133与导槽104配合,导柱133滑动设置于导槽104内。
在固定部101的具有开口端103的一侧具有球面凹槽,开口端位于球面凹槽的底部,这种结构,既可以确保球头本体131的球心与开口端103所在平面的距离尽可能的减小,并且,导槽104的长度适当增大,增加了导柱133的可滑动距离,万向球头更加稳定。
以导槽104为条形槽为例,导槽104分为长度方向、宽度方向和深度方向,当然,导槽104的长度方向与宽度方向并不是单单依靠长度进行限定的,而是根据导柱133是否会对导槽104的侧壁施加作用力定义的,关于长度方向和宽度方向的定义,导槽104的长度方向为导柱133运动时不会对固定部101施加作用力的方向,导槽104的宽度方向导柱133运动至一定程度时会对固定部101施加作用力的方向,当然,此处的定义只是相对概念,例如在长度方向上,导柱133到达导槽104的某一位置时也可能会对固定部101施加一定的作用力,但该作用力不是我们想要的作用力,在宽度方向上,导柱133在导槽104内也可以有一定的活动范围不会对固定部101施加作用力。
并非是所有朝向的导槽104都能够满足需求的,即导槽104的朝向有一定的限制,具体为:如图6所示,以导柱133的中心线为第一参考线,固定部101能够带动导柱133绕第一参考线转动,导槽104的宽度要大于或等于导柱133的宽度,可选的,导槽104的宽度与导柱133的宽度相等并且二者为间隙配合。
在本实施例中,导柱133为圆柱状,导槽104的宽度大于或等于导柱133的直径,优选的,导槽104的宽度约等于导柱133的直径。导槽104的长度以及导槽104的长度方向起始位置不限,但可以尽量保证连接件132能够在开口端103限定的范围内自由活动。
开口端103的中心线为第二参考线,导槽104沿第二参考线的所在平面设置。中心线并不是为了限定开口端103必须为圆形(需要说明的是,因为开口端103具有一定的长度,因此开口端103可以认为是二维的图形,也可以认为是三维立体结构、截面为二维图形,若将开口端103认为是二维图形,则第二参考线是指开口端103的中心点与球头本体131 的球心之间的连线所在直线,若将开口端103认为是三维立体结构,则第二参考线最好是经过圆心或与圆心之间的距离较小),即使开口端103的形状为不规则形状,也是可以的,当然,一般情况下,开口端103的形状较为规则。
对应的,导柱133可滑动且可转动的设置于导槽104内,导槽104始于开口端,并朝着远离开口端的方向延伸。
导柱133的数量根据需要进行选择,例如导柱133的总数量可以为一根、两根、三根、四根等。任意两根导柱133的中心线均重合或垂直,并且全部导柱133的中心线位于同一个平面内,导柱133的中心线分别穿过球头本体131的球心。
其中,“任意两根导柱133的中心线均重合或垂直”并非是指所有的导柱133的中心线只能重合或只能垂直,而是指:当导柱133的数量为两根时,两根导柱133的中心线只能重合或只能垂直,当导柱133的数量为三根以上时,部分导柱133的中心线重合,部分导柱133的中心线垂直,即两根导柱133的中心线垂直与两根导柱133的中心线重合同时存在。
如图7所示,在本实施例中,导柱133的数量为两根。在两根导柱133中,其中一根导柱133为第一导柱134,另外一根导柱133为第二导柱135,第一导柱134的中心线为第一中心线,第二导柱135的中心线为第二中心线,第一中心线与第二中心线重合或垂直。
在本实施例中,第一中心线与第二中心线重合,第一中心线和第二中心线分别穿过球头本体131的球心,腔体壁设置有至少两个导槽104,导槽104之间相互连通或断开导槽104的起始位置不固定,例如导槽104可以始于开口端103,也可以始于腔体壁的任意位置。若导槽104始于开口端103,并且导柱133为相对设置的两个或多个时,在某些时刻,其中一根导柱133可以从导槽104内脱离,另外一根导柱133位于导槽104内,当然,所有的导柱133也可以全部位于导槽104内。
导槽104的宽度一般要大于或等于导柱133之间的最大距离,若导柱133为圆柱形,则导槽104的宽度大于或等于导柱133的直径,而为了减少万向球头100的晃动,需要尽量减小导槽104的宽度,因此,较好的方案是导槽104的宽度约等于导柱133的直径。
一般情况下,一个导槽104内只能设置最多一根导柱133,若一个导槽104内设置两根或多根导柱133,则应该将一个导槽104内的两根或多根导柱133视为一根切除了部分的导柱133,这是因为,若要使万向球头100可以绕导柱133的中心线转动,则需要使万向球头100能够绕一个导槽104内的多根导柱133形成的整体之间的中心线转动。
导槽104的数量大于或等于导柱133的数量,在本实施例中,导槽104的数量与导柱133的数量相等,并且,导槽104的数量和导柱133的数量均为两个,每个导槽104内均设置有一根导柱133,每根导柱133也只能对应一个导槽104,当然,其中有一部分导槽 104内没有导柱133也是可以的,每根导柱133均对应设置于其中一个导槽104内。
若导槽104的数量大于导柱133的数量,即有部分导槽104内没有设置导柱133,例如导槽104的数量为四个,导柱133的数量为两个,则导槽104关于第二参考线呈旋转对称,一个固定部101可以适应不同的球头130需求,方便球头130的更换,适应不同的强度等需求。
若一个导槽104内设置一根导柱133,则导柱133的数量一般情况下最多为四根,当然不排除导柱133数量大于四根的方案,四根导柱133交叉成十字形,在四根导柱133中可以选择性地去除一至三根导柱133,即导柱133的数量可以在一根至四根中任意选择,若导柱133的数量为四根,则其中两根导柱133沿导槽104的长度方向滑动过程中,另外两根导柱133绕自身中心线转动。
以导柱133为两根且两根导柱133的中心线重合的情况进行具体分析,以表明万向球头100的工作原理:以球头本体131的球心为原点建立三维坐标轴,分别包括X轴、Y轴和Z轴,X轴、Y轴和Z轴两两垂直且相交于球头本体131的球心,X轴与第一中心线重合,Y轴与第三中心线重合,Z轴与第一中心线垂直相交且Z轴与第三中心线垂直相交,球头本体131能够绕X轴转动且球头本体131能够绕Z轴转动。
球头本体131可以有三种运动状态:
第一种状态,球头本体131绕X轴转动,此时导柱133在导槽104内的相对位置不变,导柱133绕X轴转动。
第二种状态,球头本体131绕Y轴转动,导柱133抵住导槽104并传递扭矩。
第三种状态,球头本体131绕Z轴转动,此时导柱133在导槽104内滑动。
其中第一种状态和第三种状态可以相互叠加,进而使得连接件132可以在锥形区域内摆动,实现球头本体131在任意方向上的自由转动,一定要注意的是,本申请中所说的“任意方向”是指的连接件132的可活动范围,第二种状态时用于扭矩的传递。
三种运动状态可以单独进行,也可以按照顺序选择其中两种或三种进行,当然,顺序可以根据需要自由设定。例如,先进行第一状态,然后进行第二状态;先同时进行第一状态及第三状态,然后进行第二状态等。
球头本体运动完毕后,将球头本体和固定部锁定,使与万向球头连接的两个部件相对固定,保持在特定姿态。
连接件132的结构可以选用但不限于下列方案:如图6所示,连接件132包括第一连接部136和第一柱状部137,第一连接部136与第一柱状部137之间固定连接或一体成型,第一柱状部137与球头本体131之间固定连接或一体成型,第一柱状部137的中心线为第三中心线,第一中心线与第三中心线垂直,第三中心线穿过球头本体131的球心。
锁定件160可以为螺栓,在固定部101的侧壁设置有螺纹孔,螺栓设置有外螺纹,螺纹孔设置有内螺纹,外螺纹与内螺纹啮合,螺栓穿过螺纹孔且能够伸入容纳腔102内抵住球头本体131,通过螺栓与球头本体131之间的摩擦力使球头本体131锁定。
锁定件160的结构还可以为其它形式,在本实施例中,提供了一种锁定件160的形式,该锁定件160和固定部101的结构配套。具体结构如下:
如图6所示,固定部101包括能够相对运动的第一固定部105和第二固定部106。
第一固定部105设置有通孔,通孔的一端为开口端103,通孔的另一端为被封闭端,通孔可以包括等径段和变径段,等径段处的直径相等,变径段处的直径逐渐减小,等径段使得球头本体131的安装较为方便,变径段使得球头本体131无法从开口端103脱离,并且变径段可以增大腔体壁与球头本体131之间的接触面积,结构更加稳定。
如图7所示,第二固定部106设置有伸入部107,伸入部107从被封闭端伸入通孔内围成容纳腔102,导槽104设置于通孔的内壁和/或伸入部107,在本实施例中,通孔的内壁和伸入部107均设置有两个导槽104,并且通孔的导槽104始于通孔的一端,止于通孔的另一端,万向球头100的安装过程中,导柱133从被封闭端进入导槽104内,安装十分方便,而伸入部107的导槽104之间断开,导槽104之间断开可以增强伸入部107的强度。
锁定件160分别与第一固定部105和第二固定部106连接且用于调节伸入部107在通孔内的相对位置。
锁定件160的具体结构可以为:如图1、图3所示,锁定件160包括旋钮、第二连接部162和第二柱状部163,第二连接部162与第二柱状部163固定连接或一体成型,旋钮套设于第二柱状部163的外侧,第二柱状部163包括第一螺纹段,旋钮包括第二螺纹段,第一螺纹段设置有内螺纹,第二螺纹段设置有外螺纹,内螺纹与外螺纹啮合,第二连接部162与第一固定部105之间通过第一部件164连接,旋钮与第二连接部162之间设置有第二部件,第二部件与第二固定部106固定,旋钮转动时,第二连接部162拉动第一固定部105相对于第二固定部106运动且伸入部107能够将球头本体131挤压固定。
可选的,如图3所示,第一部件164为杆件,第一部件164的一端与第二连接部162连接,第一部件164的另一端与第一部件164连接,第二部件或第二固定部106设置有定位通孔,杆件穿设于定位通孔。杆件的结构可以为:杆件包括圆杆、防脱部和螺母,防脱部为圆柱状,防脱部的直径大于圆杆的直径,防脱部设置于杆件的一端,杆件的另一端设置有螺纹段,圆杆贯穿第一固定部105和定位通孔并穿设有螺母,第二固定部106设置于第一固定部105与第二连接部162之间。
对应的,本发明实施例2提供了一种模块,模块包括模块本体和上述实施例中任意一种方案的万向球头100,模块本体可以为车轮等结构,固定部101固定设置于模块本体, 当然,将固定部101与模块本体一体制造也是可以的,连接件132用于连接外接部件。通过将实施例1中的万向球头100安装在模块本体上,保证万向球头100在任意方向自由转动的条件下,又能够传递扭矩,同时通过锁定件160可以实现球头本体131与固定部101的锁定。
球头本体131与固定部101之间锁定后能够使模块本体与万向球头100保持在规定的位置,使模块安装到车体后能够保持在特定姿态。
对应的,本发明实施例3提供了一种部件的连接方法,该方法使用万向球头100连接第一部件和第二部件,第一部件与万向球头100的固定部连接,第二部件与万向球头100的球头130连接。首先以球头130的球心(若采用实施例1中的万向球头100结构,则此处的“球头130的球心”应为“球头本体131的球心”)为原点定义X轴、Y轴和Z轴,其中,X轴、Y轴和Z轴两两垂直且相交于球头130的球心。
该方法包括以下步骤:
使固定部101和球头130保持自由状态,旋拧第二部件,使第二部件相对于第一部件绕X轴转动和/或绕Z轴转动;
使固定部101和球头130保持自由状态,旋拧第二部件,使第二部件相对于第一部件绕Y轴转动,并向第一部件传递扭矩;
将固定部101和球头130锁定,以使第一部件相对于第二部件保持不动。
上述三个步骤的顺序并不是绝对的,其中的任意两个步骤,既可以按照上述顺序进行、也可以反向进行或交替进行。另外,前两步也可以同时进行。
需要说明的是,在不冲突的情况下,本发明中的实施例中的特征可以相互结合。
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已,并不用于限制本发明,对于本领域的技术人员来说,本发明可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
工业实用性
本发明的万向球头的球头本体既可以实现在各方向的自由摆动,又可以传递扭矩,万向球头的结构简单,同时可以很容易的更换两端连接器件,功能更加丰富。本发明的模块上的两个部件分别与万向球头的固定部和球头连接,既可以实现两个部件的相对摆动,又可以传递扭矩,适用范围更广。本发明的部件的连接方法能够实现第二部件相对于第一部件在任意方向自由转动的条件下,又能够实现扭矩的传递,将万向球头锁定后可以使第一部件和第二部件保持特定姿态。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种万向球头,其特征在于,包括固定部和球头,所述固定部设置有由腔体壁围成且具有开口端的容纳腔,所述球头包括球头本体、连接件和至少一根导柱,所述球头本体设置在所述容纳腔内,所述连接件和所述导柱均设置于所述球头本体的外壁,所述腔体壁设置有导槽,所述连接件位于所述容纳腔的外部且能够在所述开口端摆动,所述导柱的中心线为第一参考线,所述开口端的中心线为第二参考线,所述导柱滑动设置于所述导槽内且能够绕所述第一参考线转动,所述导槽沿所述第二参考线的所在平面设置。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的万向球头,其特征在于,所述导柱的数量为至少两根,任意两根所述导柱的中心线重合或垂直,全部所述导柱的中心线位于同一个平面内,所述导柱的中心线分别穿过所述球头本体的球心,所述腔体壁设置有至少两个所述导槽,所述导槽之间相互连通或断开,所述导槽的数量大于或等于所述导柱的数量,每根所述导柱均对应设置于其中一个所述导槽内。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的万向球头,其特征在于,所述连接件包括第一连接部和第一柱状部,所述第一连接部与所述第一柱状部之间固定连接或一体成型,所述第一柱状部与所述球头本体之间固定连接或一体成型,所述第一柱状部的中心线与全部所述导柱的中心线垂直,所述第一柱状部的中心线穿过所述球头本体的球心。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3任意一项所述的万向球头,其特征在于,所述万向球头还包括锁定件,所述球头本体通过所述锁定件固定于所述容纳腔内。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的万向球头,其特征在于,所述固定部包括能够相对运动的第一固定部和第二固定部,所述第一固定部设置有通孔,所述通孔的一端为开口端,所述通孔的另一端为被封闭端,所述第二固定部设置有伸入部,所述伸入部从所述被封闭端伸入所述通孔内围成所述容纳腔,所述导槽设置于所述通孔的内壁和/或所述伸入部,所述锁定件分别与所述第一固定部和所述第二固定部连接且用于调节所述伸入部在所述通孔内的相对位置。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的万向球头,其特征在于,所述伸入部设置有至少两个所述导槽,所述导槽之间断开。
  7. 根据权利要求5或6所述的万向球头,其特征在于,所述锁定件包括旋钮、第二连接部和第二柱状部,所述第二连接部与所述第二柱状部固定连接或一体成型,所述旋钮套设于所述第二柱状部的外侧,所述第二柱状部包括第一螺纹段,所述旋钮包括第二螺纹段,所述第一螺纹段设置有内螺纹,所述第二螺纹段设置有外螺纹,所述内螺纹与所述外螺纹啮合,所述第二连接部与所述第一固定部之间通过第一部件连接,所述旋钮与所述第二连 接部之间设置有第二部件,所述第二部件与所述第二固定部固定,所述旋钮转动时,所述第二连接部拉动所述第一固定部相对于所述第二固定部运动且所述伸入部能够将所述球头本体挤压固定。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的万向球头,其特征在于,所述第一部件为杆件,所述第一部件的一端与所述第二连接部连接,所述第一部件的另一端与所述第一部件连接,所述第二部件或所述第二固定部设置有定位通孔,所述杆件穿设于所述定位通孔。
  9. 根据权利要求1-8任意一项所述的万向球头,其特征在于,所述球头本体的球心位于所述第二参考线上。
  10. 一种万向球头,其特征在于,包括固定部和球头,所述固定部设置有由腔体壁围成且具有开口端的容纳腔,所述球头包括球头本体、连接件和至少一根导柱,所述球头本体设置在所述容纳腔内,所述连接件和所述导柱均设置于所述球头本体的外表面,所述腔体壁设置有导槽,所述连接件位于所述容纳腔的外部且能够在所述开口端摆动,所述导柱可滑动且可转动的设置于所述导槽内,所述导槽从所述开口端朝向远离所述开口端的方向延伸。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的万向球头,其特征在于,所述导柱的数量为至少两根,所述导柱的轴线为旋转轴线,所述球头本体的球心位于所述旋转轴线上,所述导柱能够绕所述旋转轴线转动,任意两根所述导柱的轴线重合或垂直,所述连接件包括与所述球头本体一体成型的柱状部,所述柱状部的轴线与所述导柱的轴线垂直。
  12. 根据权利要求10或11所述的万向球头,其特征在于,所述导柱为圆柱状,所述导柱的直径与所述导槽的宽度相等且为间隙配合。
  13. 根据权利要求10-12任意一项所述的万向球头,其特征在于,所述固定部的设置有所述开口端的一侧具有球面凹槽,所述开口端位于所述球面凹槽的底部。
  14. 一种模块,其特征在于,包括模块本体和权利要求1-13任意一项所述的万向球头,所述固定部固定设置于所述模块本体,所述连接件用于连接外接部件。
  15. 一种部件连接方法,其特征在于,包括:
    使用万向球头连接第一部件和第二部件,其中,所述第一部件与所述万向球头的固定部连接,所述第二部件与所述万向球头的球头连接;
    使所述固定部和所述球头保持自由状态,旋拧所述第二部件,使所述第二部件相对于所述第一部件绕X轴转动和/或绕Z轴转动;
    使所述固定部和所述球头保持自由状态,旋拧所述第二部件,使所述第二部件相对于所述第一部件绕Y轴转动,并向所述第一部件传递扭矩;
    将所述固定部和所述球头锁定,以使第一部件相对于所述第二部件保持不动;
    其中,所述X轴、所述Y轴和所述Z轴两两垂直且相交于所述球头的球心。
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