WO2017207386A1 - Verwendung von 2-substituierten indazolen zur behandlung und prophylaxe von autoimmunerkrankungen - Google Patents
Verwendung von 2-substituierten indazolen zur behandlung und prophylaxe von autoimmunerkrankungen Download PDFInfo
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- WO2017207386A1 WO2017207386A1 PCT/EP2017/062535 EP2017062535W WO2017207386A1 WO 2017207386 A1 WO2017207386 A1 WO 2017207386A1 EP 2017062535 W EP2017062535 W EP 2017062535W WO 2017207386 A1 WO2017207386 A1 WO 2017207386A1
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- trifluoromethyl
- alkyl
- indazol
- arthritis
- carboxamide
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- 0 CC(*)(c1cccc(C(OC)=O)n1)O Chemical compound CC(*)(c1cccc(C(OC)=O)n1)O 0.000 description 1
- YUZKWYNHOUYFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC(C)(C)[Si+](C)(C)OCC[n]1nc(cc(C(C)(C)O)c(NC(c2nc(C(F)(F)F)ccc2)=O)c2)c2c1 Chemical compound CC(C)(C)[Si+](C)(C)OCC[n]1nc(cc(C(C)(C)O)c(NC(c2nc(C(F)(F)F)ccc2)=O)c2)c2c1 YUZKWYNHOUYFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UDGUXBZYVQFQBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N OCC[n]1nc(cc(CO)c(NC(c2nc(C(F)(F)F)ccc2)=O)c2)c2c1 Chemical compound OCC[n]1nc(cc(CO)c(NC(c2nc(C(F)(F)F)ccc2)=O)c2)c2c1 UDGUXBZYVQFQBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/435—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
- A61K31/44—Non condensed pyridines; Hydrogenated derivatives thereof
- A61K31/4427—Non condensed pyridines; Hydrogenated derivatives thereof containing further heterocyclic ring systems
- A61K31/4439—Non condensed pyridines; Hydrogenated derivatives thereof containing further heterocyclic ring systems containing a five-membered ring with nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. omeprazole
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P19/00—Drugs for skeletal disorders
- A61P19/02—Drugs for skeletal disorders for joint disorders, e.g. arthritis, arthrosis
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P29/00—Non-central analgesic, antipyretic or antiinflammatory agents, e.g. antirheumatic agents; Non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs [NSAID]
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P37/00—Drugs for immunological or allergic disorders
- A61P37/02—Immunomodulators
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P37/00—Drugs for immunological or allergic disorders
- A61P37/02—Immunomodulators
- A61P37/06—Immunosuppressants, e.g. drugs for graft rejection
Definitions
- the present application relates to the use of 2-substituted indazoles for the treatment and / or prophylaxis of diseases and their use for the preparation of medicaments for the treatment and / or prophylaxis of diseases, in particular autoimmune diseases mediated by IRAK4, such as peripheral arthritis (Psoriatic Arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, reactive arthritis, systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis), axial arthritis (in particular ankylosing spondylitis), systemic vasculitides such as giant cell arteritis and ANCA (anti-nephropic cytoplasmic antibody) -associated vasculitis, gout and other crystal arthropathies, respectively metabolic arthritis (hydroxyapatitarthropathy, chondrocalcinosis (English calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate (CPPD), endocrine joint diseases such as hyperparathyroidism (hyperparathyroidism), thyroid (hyperthyroidism), diabetes m , sarcoidosis, juvenile id
- the present invention relates to the use of substituted indazoles of general formula (I) which inhibit interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 4 (IRAK4) for use in the treatment of autoimmune diseases or disorders.
- IRAK4 interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 4
- IRAK4 interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 4
- TLRs Toll-like receptors
- IL interleukin
- MyD88 interacts with IRAK4 to form an active complex that interacts with and activates the IRAK1 or IRAK2 kinases (Kollewe, Mackensen, et al., J Biol Chem, 2004, Precious et al., J Biol Chem , 2009).
- the NF (nuclear factor) -KB signaling pathway and the MAPK (mitogen activated protein kinase) signaling pathway are activated (Wang, Deng, et al., Nature, 2001).
- Activation of the NF- ⁇ B signaling pathway as well as the MAPK signaling pathway leads to processes associated with different immune processes.
- inflammatory signaling molecules and enzymes such as cytokines, chemokines and COX-2 (cyclooxygenase-2), and increased mRNA stability of inflammation-associated genes such as COX-2, IL-6 (interleukin -6) -, IL-8 (Holtmann, Enninga, et al., J Biol Chem, 2001, Datta, Novotny, et al., J Immunol, 2004).
- these processes may be associated with the proliferation and differentiation of certain cell types such as monocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells, T cells and B cells (Wan, Chi, et al., Nat Immunol, 2006, McGettrick and J. O'Neill, Br J Haematol, 2007).
- Autoimmune diseases are diseases in which the immune system is directed against the body itself ("auto") and thus attacks healthy, endogenous tissue, whereby the immune system can either selectively against only one specific organ (eg intestine for ulcerative colitis, skin for psoriasis or Nerves in multiple sclerosis) and then counts to the so-called organ-specific autoimmune disease or it is against the entire system and thus causes a non-organ specific, systemic autoimmune disease
- non-organ specific, systemic autoimmune disease attacks the immune system various body organs (such in systemic lupus erythematosus with reactions to the skin, joints, kidneys, etc.) This uncontrolled malfunction of the immune system subsequently leads to chronic inflammatory processes in the body. If an autoimmune disease untreated, it comes as a result of severe inflammatory reactions to destroy the affected organ, which in certain cases can lead to death with systemic involvement.
- IRAK4 kinase or signaling via IRAK4 plays a key role in the underlying pathology of numerous autoimmune diseases (Chaudhary et al., J Med Chem, 2015).
- the central role of IRAK4 could already be demonstrated by the direct comparison of wild-type (WT) mice with genetically modified animals with a kinase-inactive form of the mouse IRAK4 (IRAK4 KDKI) in an animal model of multiple sclerosis in which IRAK4 KDKI animals had an improved MS disease picture (Staschke et al., J Immunol, 2009).
- IRAK4 has been shown to correlate with the extent of Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome (Sun, Yang, et al., PLoS ONE, 2014).
- IFN- ⁇ interferon-alpha
- IRAK4 kinase activity In the absence of IRAK4 kinase activity, fewer IL-17 producing T cells (Th17 T cells) are generated compared to WT mice.
- the inhibition of IRAK4 is the prophylaxis and / or treatment of peripheral arthritis (such as psoriatic arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, reactive arthritis, systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis), axial arthritis (especially ankylosing spondylitis), sarcoidosis, systemic lupus erythematosus, psoriasis, vitiligo, Giant cell arteritis, atopic dermatitis, allergic eczema / contact allergy, multiple sclerosis and chronic inflammatory bowel disease (especially Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis) possible (Staschke, et al., J Immunol, 2009, Marquez, et al., Ann Rheum Dis, 2014; Zambrano-Zarag
- IRAK4 Due to the central role of IRAK4 in the MyD88-mediated signaling cascade of TLRs (except TLR3) and the IL-1 receptor family, the inhibition of IRAK4 can be used for the prophylaxis and / or treatment of diseases mediated by these receptors.
- TLRs as well as components of the IL-1 receptor family are involved in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, juvenile idiopathic arthritis, myasthenia gravis, vasculitis such as Behcet's disease and giant cell arteritis, pancreatitis, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, Dermamyositis and Polymyositis Diabetes mellitus (type 1 and type 2), which involves diabetic nephropathy, osteoarthritis, Sjogren's syndrome, Still's disease, multiple sclerosis, and sepsis (Yang, Tuzun, et al., J Immunol, 2005, Zhou et al Arthritis Rheum, 2005; Candia, Marquez et al., The Journal of Rheumatology, 2007; Li, Eur J Immunol, 2008; Scanzello, Plaas, et al Curr Opin Rheumatol, 2008; Deng
- Diabetes Complications 2014; Kaplan, Yazgan, et al., Scand J Gastroenterol, 2014; Talabot-Aye, et al., Cytokines, 2014; Zong, Dorph, et al., Ann Rheum Di, 2014; Timper, Seelig, et al., J. Diabetes Complications, 2015).
- TLRs and IL-1R family members are also involved in the pathogenesis of other inflammatory diseases such as allergy, Behcet's disease, crystal arthropathies such as gout, systemic lupus erythematosus, Adult Still's disease and chronic inflammatory bowel diseases such as ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease.
- other inflammatory diseases such as allergy, Behcet's disease, crystal arthropathies such as gout, systemic lupus erythematosus, Adult Still's disease and chronic inflammatory bowel diseases such as ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease.
- inhibition of IRAK4 is a suitable prophylactic and / or therapeutic approach
- IRAK4-mediated TLR processes in the pathogenesis of inflammatory eye diseases such as uveitis, keratitis and allergic conjunctivitis are described (Li et al., Curr Mol Med. 2009, Bascherini et al., Clin Rheumatol and Pearlman, Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science, 2009; Redfern and McDermott, Experimental Eye Research, 2010; Kezic, Taylor, et al., J Leukoc Biol, 2011; Chang, McCluskey, et al., Clinical & Experimental Ophthalmology, 2012).
- IRAK4 Due to the involvement of TLR-mediated signals and IL-1 receptor family-mediated signals via IRAK4 for itching and pain, including acute, chronic, inflammatory and neuropathic pain, a therapeutic effect in the indicated indications due to the inhibition of IRAK4 can be assumed.
- pain examples include hyperalgesia, allodynia, postoperative pain, neuropathic pain, abdominal pain, inflammation-induced pain, low back pain, and chronic pain
- Inflammatory diseases such as CAPS (cryopyrin-associated periodic syndromes), including FCAS (familial cold urticaria), MWS (Mückle-Wells syndrome), NOMID (neonatal-onset multisystem inflammatory disease) and CONCA (chronic infantile, neurological, cutaneous, and articular) syndrome; FMF (Familial Mediterranean Fever), HIDS (Hyper-IgD Syndrome), TRAPS (Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor 1 -associated Periodic Syndrome), Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis, Adult Still's Disease, Adamantiades-Behcet's Disease, Rheumatoid Arthritis, Osteoarthritis, Schnitzler Syndrome, SAPHO (acronym for synovitis, acne, pustulosis, hyperostosis and osteitis) syndrome, PAPA (acronym for pyogenic arthritis, pyoderma gangrenosum and acne) syndrome, PASS (acrony
- the ligand of IL-33R, IL-33 is particularly involved in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis as well as allergic dermatitis / dermatitis and ankylosing spondylitis, so inhibition of IRAK4 for prophylaxis and / or treatment is a suitable therapeutic approach (Li et al , J Investig Med, 2013; Theoharides et al., J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2015; Saluja et al., Clin Transl Allergy, 2015; Firinu et al., Curr Rheumatol Rep, 2016; Leuenberger et al., Dermatology, 2016 Nygaard et al., J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2016; Omenetti et al., Rheumatology (Oxford), 2016).
- Components of the IL-1 receptor family are associated with a variety of inflammatory diseases such as asthma, COPD, idiopathic interstitial pneumonia, allergic rhinitis, pulmonary fibrosis, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), and CRMO (chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis), such as prophylactic and / or therapeutic Kang et al., J Immunol, 2007; Imaoka et al., Eur Resp J, 2008; Couillin et al., J Immunol, 2009; Lloyd, Curr Opinlmmunol, Vol.
- MS multiple sclerosis
- a therapy to prevent new MS relapses • a therapy to prevent new MS relapses.
- parenteral eg. Beta-interferons, glatiramer acetate, natalizumab
- oral drugs eg fingolimod, (fumaric acid dimethyl ester), teriflunomide
- cortisone preparations eg prednisolone or methylprednisolone.
- immunomodulatory drugs such as NSAIDs, hydroxychloroquine, systemic steroids (corticosteroids), mycophenolate mofetil (MMF), azathioprine, leflunomide, methotrexate, cyclosporine or cyclophosphamide, often in combination and as interval / maintenance therapy, for use or belimumab or rituximab, parenterally administered Antibody.
- the therapy of psoriasis is governed by severity and is performed with topical steroids and vitamin D3 analogs (or a combination of both) or topical dithranol or retinoid, often together with shedding externa (such as salicylic acid or urea) and phototherapy.
- topical steroids and vitamin D3 analogs or a combination of both
- topical dithranol or retinoid often together with shedding externa (such as salicylic acid or urea) and phototherapy.
- shedding externa such as salicylic acid or urea
- calcineurin inhibitors such as e.g. Tacrolimus and pimecrolimus used.
- systemic therapies are u.a. Methotrexate, cyclosporin, fumaric acid esters, apremilast, retinoid TNF blockers and other drugs available.
- Biologics such as TNF blockers (e.g., etanercept, infliximab, adalimumab, golimumab and certolizumab pegol) or interleukin-inhibiting monoclonal antibodies such as ustekinumab and secukinumab are also used in the treatment of psoriasis.
- TNF blockers e.g., etanercept, infliximab, adalimumab, golimumab and certolizumab pegol
- interleukin-inhibiting monoclonal antibodies such as ustekinumab and secukinumab are also used in the treatment of psoriasis.
- atopic dermatitis atopic dermatitis
- steroids salicylic acid, urea
- calcineurin inhibitors e.g. Tacrolimus
- antibiotics e.g., mupirocin
- NSAIDs non-steroidal anti-inflammatory substances
- hydroxychloroquine and steroids eg prednisone
- DARDS chemical disease-modifying drugs
- Biologics such as TNF blockers (infliximab, adalimumab, golimumab and certolizumab pegol and etanercept), rituximab, abatacept or interleukin-inhibiting monoclonal antibodies such as ustekinumab, tocilizumab and secukinumab or Jak / STAT inhibitor such as tofacitinib are also used in the treatment of arthritis.
- TNF blockers infliximab, adalimumab, golimumab and certolizumab pegol and etanercept
- rituximab abatacept
- interleukin-inhibiting monoclonal antibodies such as ustekinumab, tocilizumab and secukinumab or Jak / STAT inhibitor such as tofacitinib are also used in the treatment of arthritis.
- Patients with inflammatory bowel disease for example, with antibiotics such as ciprofloxacin and metronidazole, antidiarrheals such as loperamide or Laxati va (bisacodyl) and probiotic bacteria (Mutaflor, VSL # 3, Lactobacillus GG, Lactobacillus plantarum, L. acidophilus, L. casei, Bifidobacterium infantis 35624, Enterococcus fecium SF68, Bifidobacterium longum, Escherichia coli Nissle 1917). Patients also respond to topical treatment with steroids (eg, budesonide) or systemic treatment with steroids (eg, prednisolone).
- steroids eg, budesonide
- steroids eg, prednisolone
- TNF-blockers eg adalimumab, etanercept
- integrin antibodies eg vedolizumab, natalizumab.
- All of the therapies described may cause severe side effects, e.g. Osteoporosis, adverse effects on the blood sugar level (systemic steroids), possibly fatal infections, reactivation of tuberculosis (TNF-blocker), organ damage (pancreatitis, hepatitis, pneumonitis), infusion and injection reactions, autoantibodies (most parenteral biologics), elevated Cancer risk (TNF blocker) and more. None of the mentioned therapies leads to a healing of the described diseases and renewed relapses and exacerbations are very frequent, especially after cessation of therapy.
- severe side effects e.g. Osteoporosis, adverse effects on the blood sugar level (systemic steroids), possibly fatal infections, reactivation of tuberculosis (TNF-blocker), organ damage (pancreatitis, hepatitis, pneumonitis), infusion and injection reactions, autoantibodies (most parenteral biologics), elevated Cancer risk (TNF blocker) and more.
- the object of the present invention is to provide alternative possibilities for the treatment of autoimmune diseases, in particular multiple sclerosis, systemic lupus erythematosus, psoriasis, peripheral arthritis (in particular psoriatic arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, reactive arthritis, systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis), axial arthritis (in particular, Morbus Bechterew), chronic inflammatory bowel disease (especially Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis), atopic dermatitis and allergic dermatitis / contact dermatitis.
- autoimmune diseases in particular multiple sclerosis, systemic lupus erythematosus, psoriasis, peripheral arthritis (in particular psoriatic arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, reactive arthritis, systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis), axial arthritis (in particular, Morbus Bechterew), chronic inflammatory bowel disease (especially Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis), atopic dermatitis and allergic dermatitis /
- R 1 is C 1 -C 6 -alkyl, where the C 1 -C 6 -alkyl radical is unsubstituted or mono- or polysubstituted by identical or different substituents
- R 2 and R 3 always have the same meaning and are either hydrogen or CI-C ⁇ - alkyl
- R 4 is halogen, cyano, an unsubstituted or mono- or polysubstituted by identical or different substituents C 1 -C 6 -alkyl or an unsubstituted or mono- or polysubstituted by identical or different substituents C 3 -C 6 -cycloalkyl, and the substituents selected are from the group halogen and hydroxy;
- R 5 is hydrogen, halogen or an unsubstituted or mono- or polysubstituted with halogen Ci-Cö-alkyl;
- R 6 is an unsubstituted or mono- or di-methyl-substituted monocyclic saturated heterocycle having 4 to 6 ring atoms and containing a heteroatom or hetero group selected from O, S, SO and SO 2 ;
- R 7 is C 1 -C 6 -alkyl, where the C 1 -C 6 -alkyl radical is unsubstituted or monosubstituted or polysubstituted, identically or differently, by halogen, hydroxy or C 3 -C 6 -cycloalkyl, or R 7 is C 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl;
- R 8 is C 1 -C 6 -alkyl, where the C 1 -C 6 -alkyl radical is unsubstituted or monosubstituted or polysubstituted, identically or differently, by halogen; and their diastereomers, enantiomers, their metabolites, their salts, their solvates or the solvates of their salts for the treatment and / or prophylaxis of autoimmune diseases mediated by IRAK4.
- a further embodiment of the invention comprises the use of the compounds of the general formula (I) for the treatment and / or prophylaxis of multiple sclerosis, systemic lupus erythematosus, psoriasis, atopic dermatitis and allergic eczema, arthritis (in particular psoriatic arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, rheumatoid arthritis , reactive arthritis, systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis), chronic inflammatory bowel disease (especially Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis).
- MS multiple sclerosis
- ED encephalomyelitis disseminata
- MS in particular the Myelinscheide, by an autoreactive immune system to be destroyed.
- the disease usually begins in early adulthood and may result in various symptoms such as vision problems, pain and / or paralysis. Women are twice as likely as men to develop multiple sclerosis.
- MS is not curable, but its course can be medicated, such as. Teriflunomide, dimethyl fumarate and fingolimod.
- the course of the MS can be individually very different.
- the two main types of MS are the relapsing and the progressive (progressive) course. Often (in about 80% of patients), an initially relapsing remitting course (RR-MS) later turns into a chronic progressive course (English secondary progressive, or SP-MS for short). Rarely (in approx. 10% of MS cases) is there already a chronic progression from the beginning (primary progressive, PP-MS for short) with no discernible disease relapses.
- systemic lupus erythematosus is understood to mean a chronic and life-threatening autoimmune disease which can lead to multiple organ pathologies, skin manifestations (eg, butterfly erythema) and kidney disease (lupus nephritis).
- autoimmune disease eg, butterfly erythema
- kidney disease lupus nephritis
- pDCs plasmacytoid dendritic cells
- TLRs endosomal nucleic acid-specific toll-like receptors
- psoriasis is understood to be a chronic inflammation of the skin which occurs in batches and which is accompanied by an increased scaling of the skin. Characteristic are roundish, strongly scaly, silvery-white skin lesions that occur preferentially on the knees, elbows and scalp. The affected areas are often accompanied by great itching.
- the development of psoriasis is caused by a chronic inflammatory reaction mediated by Thl and Thl7 cells (T helper cells of type 1 and Typl7, respectively).
- Thl and Thl7 cells T helper cells of type 1 and Typl7, respectively.
- pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IFN- ⁇ , TNF- ⁇ , IL-23 and IL-17 are produced (Deng et al., Clin Rev. Allergy Immunol 2016, Zambrano-Zargoza et al., Int J Inflamm. Chen et al., Clinic Rev. Allerg Immunol, 2015). So
- atopic dermatitis atopic dermatitis
- allergic eczema a chronic inflammatory skin disease associated with itching. While an allergic dermatitis is based on a specific, inappropriate overreaction of the immune system to an externally acting allergen, which in itself would not be dangerous for the organism, the protective function of the skin is reduced in atopic dermatitis patients. Contact with physical, chemical or microbial stimuli can then lead to inflammation in atopic patients. Atopic dermatitis often begins in infancy and childhood and typically occurs in relapses that can alternate with low-symptom or non-symptomatic periods (Malajian and Guttman-Yassky, Cytokine, 2015).
- Allergic reactions can trigger or sustain atopic dermatitis (Fischer et al., Dermatologist, 2003).
- an elevated level of the immunoglobulin E (IgE) can be detected, which plays an important role in allergic reactions.
- An allergic eczema requires the detection of the causes, ie the allergen by a patch test, so that subsequently an allergen avoidance is of central importance.
- Th2-type immune reaction in common, ie due to allergen contact or due to the defective skin barrier and thus the penetration of eg bacteria, the autoreactive immune system in these patients via TLR or receptors of the IL-1 family for activation from Stimulated Th2 cells.
- proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, IL-18, IL-33, etc.
- proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, IL-18, IL-33, etc.
- arthritis psoriatic arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, reactive arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis
- axial arthritis which is characterized by inflammation of the spinal joints (for example, ankylosing spondylitis)
- peripheral arthritis which primarily affects joints of the limbs, such as toes, ankles, knees, fingers, hands or elbows.
- a peripheral arthritis can be symmetrical, i. bilateral involvement of the same joints of both body halves (e.g., rheumatoid arthritis), or asymmetric, i. inflamed joints are uneven on both halves of the body
- psoriatic arthritis The mobility of the inflamed joints is painfully limited, the skin reddened and overheated.
- the arthritic diseases are characterized by a relapsing, progressive course, which can lead to the destruction of the joints and to serious disabilities to disability.
- a central role in the induction as well as progression of the pathological processes of arthritis play autoreactive B cells, Thl cells and Thl7 cells as well as pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as. IFN- ⁇ , TNF, IL-6, IL-12, IL-23 and IL-17.
- a chronic inflammatory bowel disease whose main forms are Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, is understood as lifelong, relapsing inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract.
- Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis have many common pathological features and clinical symptoms (such as bloody diarrhea with abdominal cramps followed by weight loss), they still differ in some aspects. While inflammation in Crohn's disease can occur throughout the gastrointestinal tract from the oral cavity to the anus, in ulcerative colitis patients it is confined to the colon. Likewise, the spread of colitis in Crohn's disease is rather uneven, ie healthy and inflamed sections alternate, whereas in ulcerative colitis the inflammation spreads uniformly from the anus across the large intestine.
- ulcerative colitis patients in particular have an increased risk of colorectal cancer (Geremia et al., Autoimmunity Rev, 2014). The two diseases occur frequently between the ages of 20 and 40, but children and adolescents may also be affected. Chronic inflammatory bowel disease is not curable, but relapses can be reduced in frequency and intensity with drug treatment such as sulfasalazine, steroids or biologics (such as anti-TNF antibodies) and lifestyle customization.
- drug treatment such as sulfasalazine, steroids or biologics (such as anti-TNF antibodies) and lifestyle customization.
- Compounds of the formula (I) are the compounds as such as well as their salts, solvates and solvates of the salts, the compounds of the formulas below and their salts, solvates and solvates of the salts and of the formula (I ), hereinafter referred to as exemplary compounds and their salts, solvates and solvates of the salts, insofar as the compounds of formula (I) mentioned below are not already salts, solvates and solvates of the salts.
- Salts in the context of the present invention are physiologically acceptable salts of the compounds of general formula (I). But are also included salts which are not suitable for pharmaceutical applications themselves, but can be used for example for the isolation or purification of the compounds of general formula (I).
- Physiologically acceptable salts of the compounds of the general formula (I) include acid addition salts of mineral acids, carboxylic acids and sulfonic acids, for example salts of hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, methanesulfonic acid, ethanesulfonic acid, toluenesulfonic acid, benzenesulfonic acid, naphthalenedisulfonic acid, acetic acid, Trifluoroacetic acid, propionic acid, lactic acid, tartaric acid, malic acid, citric acid, fumaric acid, maleic acid and benzoic acid.
- Physiologically acceptable salts of the compounds of general formula (I) also include salts of conventional bases such as, by way of example and by way of example, alkali metal salts (eg sodium and potassium salts), alkaline earth salts (eg calcium and magnesium salts) and ammonium salts derived from ammonia or organic amines with 1 to 16 C atoms, such as, by way of example and by way of preference, ethylamine, diethylamine, triethylamine, ethyldiisopropylamine, monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, dicyclohexylamine, dimethylaminoethanol, procaine, dibenzylamine, N-methylmorpholine, arginine, lysine, ethylenediamine and N-methylpiperidine.
- alkali metal salts eg sodium and potassium salts
- alkaline earth salts eg calcium and magnesium salts
- Solvates in the context of the invention are those forms of the compounds of general formula (I) which form a complex in the solid or liquid state by coordination with solvent molecules. Hydrates are a special form of solvates that coordinate with water.
- the compounds of general formula (I) may exist in different stereoisomeric forms depending on their structure, i. in the form of configurational isomers or optionally also as conformational isomers (enantiomers and / or diastereomers, including those in atropisomers).
- the present invention therefore comprises the
- Enantiomers and diastereomers and their respective mixtures From such mixtures of enantiomers and / or diastereomers, the stereoisomerically uniform components can be isolated in a known manner; Preferably, chromatographic methods are used for this, in particular HPLC chromatography on achiral or chiral phase. If the compounds of the general formula (I) can occur in tautomeric forms, the present invention encompasses all tautomeric forms.
- the compounds of the general formula (I) may also be present in the form of all suitable isotopic variants of the compounds of the general formula (I).
- An isotopic variant of a compound according to the invention is understood to mean a compound in which at least one atom within the compound according to the invention is exchanged for another atom of the same atomic number but with a different atomic mass than the atomic mass that usually or predominantly occurs in nature.
- isotopes which can be incorporated into a compound of the invention are those of hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, sulfur, fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine, such as 2H (deuterium), 3H (tritium), 13C, 14C , 15N, 170, 180, 32P, 33P, 33S, 34S, 35S, 36S, 18F, 36C1, 82Br, 1231, 1241, 1291 and 1311.
- isotopic variants of a compound of the invention such as those in which one or more radioactive Isotopes may be useful, for example, for the study of the mechanism of action or the Active substance distribution in the body; because of the comparatively easy production and detectability, compounds labeled with 3H or 14C isotopes are particularly suitable for this purpose.
- isotopes such as deuterium may result in certain therapeutic benefits as a result of greater metabolic stability of the compound, such as prolonging the body's half-life or reducing the required effective dose;
- modifications of the compounds of general formula (I) may also constitute a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- Isotopic variants of the compounds of the general formula (I) can be prepared by the methods known to the person skilled in the art, for example by the methods described below and the instructions given for the exemplary embodiments, by using appropriate isotopic modifications of the respective reagents and / or starting compounds.
- compounds of the general formula (I) also includes prodrugs of the compounds of the general formula (I).
- prodrugs refers to compounds which themselves may be biologically active or inactive, but are converted during their residence time in the body to compounds of the general formula (I) (for example metabolically or hydrolytically).
- alkyl is a linear or branched alkyl radical having in each case the number of carbon atoms specified.
- Examples are methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, iso-butyl, 1-methylpropyl, 2-methylpropyl, tert-butyl, n-pentyl, 1-ethylpropyl, 1-methylbutyl, 2-methylbutyl, 3 Methylbutyl, 2,2-dimethylpropyl, n-hexyl, 1-methylpentyl, 2-methylpentyl, 3-methylpentyl, 4-methylpentyl, 1-ethylbutyl and 2-ethylbutyl.
- Preferred are methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, n-butyl, 2-methylbutyl, 3-methylbutyl and 2,2-dimethylpropyl.
- Cycloalkyl in the context of the invention is a monocyclic, saturated alkyl radical having in each case the number of carbon atoms specified.
- cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl and cyclohexyl may be mentioned.
- alkoxy represents a linear or branched alkoxy radical with the number of carbon atoms indicated in each case. From 1 to 6 carbon atoms are preferred. Examples which may be mentioned are methoxy, ethoxy, n-propoxy, isopropoxy, 1-methylpropoxy, n-butoxy, isobutoxy, tert-butoxy, n-pentoxy, isopentoxy, 1-ethylpropoxy, 1-methylbutoxy, 2-methylbutoxy, 3 Called methylbutoxy and n-hexoxy. Particularly preferred is a linear or branched one Alkoxy radical having 1 to 4 carbon atoms. By way of example and preferably, methoxy, ethoxy, n-propoxy, 1-methylpropoxy, n-butoxy and iso-butoxy are mentioned.
- Halogen is in the context of the invention for fluorine, chlorine and bromine. Preference is given to fluorine.
- a monocyclic, saturated heterocycle is a monocyclic, saturated heterocycle of 4-6 ring atoms containing a heteroatom or hetero group selected from O, S, SO, and SO 2 .
- a heterocylcus having a heteroatom or a hetero group selected from O, SO and SO 2 is preferred.
- oxetane tetrahydrofuran, tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl, 1,1-dioxotetrahydro-2H-thiopyran-3-yl, 1,1-diocto-tetrahydro-2H-thiopyran-2-yl, 1, 1 Dioxotetrahydro-2H-thiopyran-4-yl, 1,1-dioxotetrahydrothiophen-3-yl, 1,1-dioxotetrahydrothiophene-2-yl, 1,1-dioxothietan-2-yl, or 1,1-dioxothietan-3-yl.
- Particularly preferred are oxetane and tetrahydrofuran. Very particular preference is given to oxetan-3-yl.
- a symbol * on a bond means the point of attachment in the molecule.
- radicals in the compounds of the general formula (I) When radicals in the compounds of the general formula (I) are substituted, the radicals may, unless otherwise specified, be monosubstituted or polysubstituted. In the context of the present invention, the meaning is independent of any residues which occur repeatedly
- R 1 is a C 2 -C 6 -alkyl radical substituted by 1, 2 or 3 fluorine atoms. Particularly preferred are 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl, 3,3,3-trifluoropropyl and 4,4,4-trifluorobutyl. Very particular preference is given to a 4,4,4-trifluorobutyl radical.
- R 1 is a C 2 -C 6 -alkyl radical which is substituted by one or two hydroxy group (s) or a C 1 -C 3 -alkoxy or a tri-fluoro-substituted C 1 -C 3 -alkoxy.
- Particularly preferred is a C 2 -Cs-alkyl radical which is substituted with hydroxy or C 1 -C 3 - alkoxy or with trifluoromethoxy or 2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy.
- 3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl 3-methoxypropyl, 3-hydroxypropyl, 3-trifluoromethoxypropyl, 2-methoxyethyl or 2-hydroxyethyl.
- the 3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl radical is preferred.
- R 1 is preferably a C 2 -C 6 -alkyl radical substituted by a C 1 -C 6 -alkyl-SO 2 group.
- a methyl-SO 2 -substituted C 2 -C 4 -alkyl radical is particularly preferred.
- 2- (methylsulfonyl) ethyl or 3- (methylsulfonyl) propyl is preferred. From the latter group, 2- (methylsulfonyl) ethyl is particularly preferred.
- R is an oxetanyl, tetrahydrofuranyl, tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl, 1,1-dioxotetrahydro-2H-thiopyran-3-yl, 1,1-diocto-tetrahydro-2H-thiopyran-2-yl, 1 , 1-dioxide-tetrahydro-2H-thiopyran-4-yl, 1,1-dioxideotetrahydrothiophen-3-yl, 1,1-dioxotetrahydro-thiophen-2-yl, 1,1-dioxothietan-2-yl or 1, l -Dioxideothietan-3-yl substituted C 1 -C 3 alkyl radical. Particularly preferred is a substituted with an oxetane C 1 -C 3 alkyl radical. In particular, an oxetan-3-ylmethyl group is preferred.
- R 2 and R 3 which always have the same meaning, hydrogen or methyl are preferred. In this case, methyl is particularly preferred.
- R 4 an unsubstituted or mono- or poly-halogen-substituted C 1 -C 3 -alkyl radical or a C 1 -C 3 -alkyl radical substituted by a hydroxy group or a C 1 -C 3 -alkyl radical substituted by a hydroxyl group and three fluorine atoms is preferred.
- R 4 methyl, ethyl, trifluoro-C 1 -C 3 -alkyl, difluoro-C 1 -C 3 -alkyl, hydroxymethyl, 1-hydroxyethyl, 2-hydroxypropan-2-yl and 2,2,2 Trifluoro-1-hydroxyethyl.
- Particularly preferred for R 4 are the radicals methyl, trifluoromethyl and difluoromethyl.
- a trifluoromethyl radical is particularly preferred.
- R 5 is hydrogen, fluorine, chlorine or C 1 -C 3 -alkyl.
- R 5 is particularly preferably hydrogen, fluorine or methyl. Most preferably, R 5 is hydrogen or fluorine.
- R 4 is methyl or trifluoromethyl and R 5 is fluorine.
- R 4 is methyl and R 5 is fluorine, where R 5 is ortho to R 4 .
- R 6 is oxetanyl, tetrahydrofuranyl, tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl, 1,1-dioxotetrahydro-2H-thiopyran-3-yl, 1,1-dioxotetrahydro-2H-thiopyran-2-yl, 1 , 1-Dioxide-tetrahydro-2H-thiopyran-4-yl, 1,1-dioxotetrahydrothiophen-3-yl, 1,1-dioxotetrahydrothiophene-2-yl, 1,1-dioxothietan-2-yl, or 1,1-dioxothietane-3 to call -yl.
- Particularly preferred is oxetanyl. Very particular preference is given to oxetan-3-yl.
- R 7 is exclusively in connection with the functional groups -SO 2 - and -SO-, ie for an R 7 substituted -SO 2 - or SO group.
- Ci-C t-alkyl preferably, wherein the Ci-C / t-alkyl radical is unsubstituted or monosubstituted by hydroxy or with cyclopropyl or with three fluorine atoms.
- R 7 is a cyclopropyl radical.
- Particularly preferred for R 7 are methyl, ethyl or hydroxyethyl. Especially, methyl is preferred for R 7 .
- Ci-Cö-alkyl radical substituted by R 7 SC> 2 - or R 7 SO- in the sense of R 1 a substituted by a Ci-C6-alkyl-SO 2 or a Ci-Cö-alkyl-SO Ci-Cö-alkyl is preferred.
- methylsulfonylethyl and methylsulfonylpropyl are preferred for R 1 .
- R 8 an unsubstituted C 1 -C 6 -alkyl radical or a fluorine-substituted C 1 -C 4 -alkyl radical is preferred.
- Particularly preferred are methyl, ethyl, trifluoromethyl or 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl.
- Very particular preference is given to methyl, trifluoromethyl or 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl.
- R 1 is Ci-COE-alkyl, wherein the Ci-COE-alkyl unsubstituted or mono- or polysubstituted by identical or different substituents from the group R 6, R 7 S02, R 7 SO or R is fluoro, hydroxy, 8 0 ; always have the same meaning and are either hydrogen or Ci-Cs-alkyl;
- R 4 is halogen, cyano or C 1 -C 3 -alkyl, where the C 1 -C 3 -alkyl radical is unsubstituted or monosubstituted or polysubstituted, identically or differently, by halogen or hydroxyl;
- R 5 is hydrogen, fluorine, chlorine or C 1 -C 3 -alkyl
- R 6 is oxetanyl or tetrahydrofuranyl
- R 7 is Ci-C / t-alkyl, wherein the Ci-C / t-alkyl radical is unsubstituted or monosubstituted by hydroxy or with cyclopropyl or with three fluorine atoms;
- R 8 is unsubstituted Ci-C / t-alkyl or triply fluorine-substituted Ci-C / t-alkyl; and their diastereomers, enantiomers, their metabolites, their salts, their solvates or the solvates of their salts for the treatment and / or prophylaxis of autoimmune diseases mediated by IRAK4, in particular for the treatment and prophylaxis of multiple sclerosis, systemic lupus erythematosus, psoriasis, Arthritis (psoriatic arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, rheumatoid arthritis, reactive arthritis, systemic juvenile idiopathic Arthritis), inflammatory bowel disease (Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis), atopic dermatitis and allergic eczema.
- R 1 is C 2 -C 6 alkyl, wherein C 2 -C 6 alkyl is unsubstituted, or
- C 2 -C 6 -alkyl is mono-, di- or trisubstituted by fluorine or
- C 2 -C 6 alkyl is monosubstituted by hydroxy, R 6 , R 7 S0 2 , or R 8 0 or in which R 1 is an oxetanyl substituted C 1 -C 3 alkyl;
- R 2 and R 3 always have the same meaning and at the same time either hydrogen or
- R 4 substituted for an unsubstituted or a once or several times by halogen C 1 -C 3 - alkyl group or a substituted hydroxy group with a Ci-C 3 alkyl, or substituted with a hydroxy group and Ci-C three fluorine atoms is 3 alkyl;
- R 5 is hydrogen, fluorine or C 1 -C 3 alkyl
- R 7 is C 1 -C 3 -alkyl
- R 8 is C 1 -C 4 -alkyl, where the C 1 -C 4 -alkyl radical is unsubstituted or mono-, di- or trisubstituted by fluorine;
- R 1 is a C 2 -Cs-alkyl radical which is substituted by hydroxy or C 1 -C 3 -alkoxy or trifluoromethoxy or 2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy or trifluoromethyl or for a Mefhyl-SC-substituted C2-C4-alkyl radical or
- R 2 and R 3 always have the same meaning and are simultaneously hydrogen or methyl
- R 4 is methyl, ethyl, trifluoro-C 1 -C 3 -alkyl, difluoro-C 1 -C 3 -alkyl, hydroxymethyl, 1-hydroxyethyl, 2-hydroxypropan-2-yl and 2,2,2-trifluoro-1-hydroxyethyl
- R 5 is hydrogen, fluorine or methyl; and their diastereomers, enantiomers, their metabolites, their salts, their solvates or the solvates of their salts for the treatment and / or prophylaxis of autoimmune diseases mediated by IRAK4, in particular for the treatment and prophylaxis of multiple sclerosis, systemic lupus erythematosus, psoriasis, Arthritis (psoriatic arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, rheumatoid arthritis, reactive arthritis, systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis), chronic inflammatory bowel disease (Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis
- R 1 is 4,4,4-trifluorobutyl, 3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl, 3-hydroxybutyl, 3-methoxypropyl, 3-hydroxypropyl, 3-hydroxy-2-methylpropyl, 3-hydroxy-2,2-dimethylpropyl, 3 Trifluoromethoxypropyl, 2-methoxyethyl, 2-hydroxyethyl, 2- (methylsulfonyl) ethyl or 3- (methylsulfonyl) propyl;
- R 2 and R 3 are simultaneously methyl or hydrogen and R 4 is difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl or methyl and R 5 is hydrogen or fluorine; and their diastereomers, enantiomers, their metabolites, their salts, their solvates or the solvates of their salts for the treatment and / or prophylaxis of autoimmune diseases mediated by IRAK4, in particular for the treatment and prophylaxis of multiple sclerosis, systemic lupus erythematosus, psoriasis, Arthritis (psoriatic arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, rheumatoid arthritis, reactive arthritis, systemic juvenile idiopathic Arthritis), inflammatory bowel disease (Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis), atopic dermatitis and allergic eczema.
- IRAK4 in particular for the treatment and prophylaxis of multiple sclerosis, systemic lupus erythematosus
- R 1 is 3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl, 3-hydroxybutyl, 3-hydroxy-2-methylpropyl,
- R 2 and R 3 are simultaneously methyl
- R 4 is difluoromethyl or trifluoromethyl
- R 5 is hydrogen; and their diastereomers, enantiomers, their metabolites, their salts, their solvates or the solvates of their salts for the treatment and / or prophylaxis of autoimmune diseases mediated by IRAK4, in particular for the treatment and prophylaxis of multiple sclerosis, systemic lupus erythematosus, psoriasis, Arthritis (psoriatic arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, rheumatoid arthritis, reactive arthritis, systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis), chronic inflammatory bowel disease (Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis), atopic dermatitis and allergic dermatitis.
- IRAK4 in particular for the treatment and prophylaxis of multiple sclerosis, systemic lupus erythematosus, psoriasis, Arthritis (psoriatic arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, rheumatoid
- R 1 is 3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl, 3-hydroxybutyl, 3-hydroxy-2-methylpropyl,
- R 2 and R 3 are simultaneously methyl
- R 4 is methyl
- R 5 is fluorine, wherein R 5 is ortho to R 4 ; and their diastereomers, enantiomers, their metabolites, their salts, their solvates or the solvates of their salts for the treatment and / or prophylaxis of autoimmune diseases mediated by IRAK4, in particular for the treatment and prophylaxis of multiple sclerosis, systemic lupus erythematosus, psoriasis, Arthritis (psoriatic arthritis, Morbus Bechterew, rheumatoid arthritis, reactive arthritis, systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis), chronic inflammatory bowel disease (Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis), atopic dermatitis and allergic dermatitis.
- the present invention particularly relates to the use of the following compounds for the treatment and / or prophylaxis of autoimmune diseases mediated by IRAK4:
- the invention further relates to the use of the abovementioned compounds 1) to 22) for the treatment and / or prophylaxis of multiple sclerosis, systemic lupus erythematosus, psoriasis, arthritis (psoriatic arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, rheumatoid arthritis, reactive arthritis, systemic juvenile idiopathic Arthritis), chronic inflammatory bowel disease (Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis), atopic dermatitis and allergic eczema.
- Another object of the invention is the use of compounds of general formula (III),
- R 1 is 4,4,4-trifluorobutyl, 3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl, 3-methoxypropyl, 3-hydroxypropyl, 3-hydroxybutyl, 3-hydroxy-2-methylpropyl, 3-hydroxy-2,2-dimethylpropyl, 3 Trifluoromethoxypropyl, 2-methoxyethyl, 2-hydroxyethyl, 2- (methylsulfonyl) ethyl, 3
- R 4 is difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl or methyl
- R 5 is hydrogen or fluorine
- Another embodiment of the invention is the use of compounds of the general formula (III) in which R 1 , R 4 and R 5 have the abovementioned meaning for the treatment and / or prophylaxis of multiple sclerosis, systemic lupus erythematosus, psoriasis, arthritis (Psoriatic arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, rheumatoid arthritis, reactive arthritis, systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis), chronic inflammatory bowel disease (Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis), atopic dermatitis and allergic dermatitis.
- Another embodiment of the invention is the use of the following compounds of general formula (III), namely
- the compounds of general formula (III) are inhibitors of Interleukin-1 Receptor Associated Kinase-4 (IRAK4).
- the compounds of general formula (I) act as inhibitors of IRAK4 kinase and show an unpredictable, valuable pharmacological activity spectrum. Therefore, in addition to the above-mentioned another object of the present invention, the use of the compounds of general formula (I) for the treatment and / or prophylaxis of diseases in humans and animals.
- autoimmune diseases such as inflammatory nervous diseases (MS), inflammatory joint diseases (various arthritis), inflammatory skin diseases (psoriasis, atopic dermatitis and allergic eczema), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and multi-organ diseases (SLE) with the IRAK4 inhibitors according to the invention are particularly preferred.
- MS inflammatory nervous diseases
- MIBD inflammatory joint diseases
- IBD inflammatory skin diseases
- SLE multi-organ diseases
- the compounds of the general formula (I) are suitable for the prophylaxis and / or treatment of various diseases and disease-related conditions, in particular of TLR (except TLR3) and / or IL-1 receptor family-mediated diseases or diseases whose pathology is direct mediated by IRAQ4.
- IRAK4-associated diseases are multiple sclerosis, arthritides (psoriatic arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, reactive arthritis, systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis), gout, Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome, systemic lupus erythematosus, chronic inflammatory bowel disease (Crohn's disease , Ulcerative colitis), psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, and allergic dermatitis.
- the compounds of general formula (I) may also be used for the prophylaxis and / or treatment of MyD88 and TLR (except TLR3) -mediated diseases.
- These include multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, reactive arthritis, systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, systemic lupus erythematosus, osteoarthritis, Sjogren's syndrome, giant cell arteritis, sepsis, poly- and dermatomyositis, skin conditions such as psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, alopecia areata , allergic dermatitis, acne inversa and acne vulgaris, chronic inflammatory bowel disease such as Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.
- TLR-mediated diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, reactive arthritis, systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, systemic lupus Erythematosus, Behcet's disease, gout, suitable.
- the compounds of the general formula (I) according to the invention are suitable for the prophylaxis and / or treatment of multiple sclerosis, adult Still's disease, allergic eczema and inflammatory bowel diseases, such as ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. Furthermore, the prophylaxis and / or treatment of itching and pain, in particular of acute, chronic, inflammatory and neuropathic pain by the compounds of the general formula (I) is given.
- the compounds of general formula (I) are useful for the treatment and / or prevention of diseases mediated via the IL-1 receptor family.
- diseases include CAPS (cryopyrin-associated periodic syndromes) including FC AS (familial cold urticaria), MWS (Mückle-Wells syndrome), NOMID (neonatal-onset multisystem inflammatory disease), and CONCA (chronic infantile, neurological, cutaneous, and articular) syndrome, FMF (Familial Mediterranean Fever), HIDS (Hyper-IgD Syndrome), TRAPS (Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor 1 -associated Periodic Syndrome), Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis, Adult Still's Disease, Gout, Adamantiades-Behcet's Disease, Rheumatoid Arthritis , Psoriatic arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, reactive arthritis, systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis, osteoarthritis, keratoconjunctivitis sicca and sj
- Pulmonary diseases such as asthma, COPD, idiopathic interstitial pneumonia and ARDS, chronic inflammatory bowel diseases such as Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis are associated with a dysregulation of the IL-1 receptor family and for the therapeutic and / or prophylactic use of the compounds of general formula (I) suitable.
- the compounds of general formula (I) may further be used for the treatment and / or prevention of IL-1 receptor family mediated neurological disorders such as multiple sclerosis and dermatological disorders such as psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, acne inversa, alopecia areata and allergic contact dermatitis.
- the compounds of the general formula (I) are suitable for the treatment and / or prophylaxis of pain disorders, in particular of acute, chronic, inflammatory and neuropathic pain.
- Preferred for this purpose are hyperalgesia, allodynia, pain in arthritis (such as osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis and reactive arthritis, systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis), postoperative pain, spinal cord injury, inflammation-induced pain, low back pain, and chronic pain.
- the present invention also provides a method for the treatment and / or prevention of diseases, in particular the aforementioned diseases, using an effective amount of at least one of the compounds of general formula (I).
- treatment includes inhibiting, delaying, arresting, alleviating, attenuating, restraining, reducing, suppressing, restraining or curing a disease, a disease, a disease, an injury or a medical condition , the unfolding, the course or progression of such conditions and / or the symptoms of such conditions.
- therapy is hereby understood to be synonymous with the term “treatment”.
- prevention means the avoidance or reduction of the risk, a disease, a disease, a disease, an injury or a health disorder, a development or a Progression of such conditions and / or to get, experience, suffer or have the symptoms of such conditions.
- prevention is understood to mean maintenance therapy (English maintenance therapy) after remission of the disease in order to prevent recurrence (relapse). This means that a new acute inflammatory thrust can be prevented or at least delayed.
- Remission of a disease means the temporary or permanent diminution of symptoms of a physical or psychological nature, but without achieving recovery.
- "Recurrence” or “relapse” refers to the recurrence of a disease or its symptoms after a treatment that is intermittent was successful, or after spontaneous remission.
- the treatment or the prevention of a disease, a disease, a disease, an injury or a health disorder can be partial or complete.
- the compounds of the general formula (I) can be used alone or as needed in combination with other active ingredients.
- Another object of the present invention are pharmaceutical compositions containing at least one of the compounds of general formula (I) and one or more further active ingredients, in particular for the treatment and / or prevention of the aforementioned diseases.
- drugs such as antibacterial (eg, penicillins, vancomycin, ciprofloxacin, mupirocin), antiviral (eg, acyclovir, oseltamivir) and antifungal (eg, naftifine, nystatin) substances, gamma globulins, immunomodulatory and immunosuppressive compounds such as cyclosporine, methotrexate, TNF blockers (eg Humira®, etanercept, infliximab, golimumab and certolizumab pegol), IL-1 inhibitors (eg anakinra, canakinumab, rilonacept), phosphodiesterase inhibitors (eg apremilast), yak / STAT inhibitors (eg tofacitinib, baricitinib, GLPG0634), leflunomide, fingoli
- antibacterial eg, penicillins, vancomycin, cip
- IRAK4 inhibitors according to the invention can, in addition to those already mentioned, also be combined with the following active substances:
- 6-mercaptopurine ACE inhibitors (eg benazepril), acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (eg donepezil), angiotensin receptor blockers (eg losartan, valsartan), anion exchangers (eg colestyramine, colestipol, colesevelam), antibiotics such as ciprofloxacin and metronidazole, on ti-CD3 - Antibodies, anticholinergics (eg glycopyrronium), anti-diabetics such as metformin, antidiarrheals such as loperamide or laxatives (bisacodyl), anticonvulsant (eg gabapentin); anti-T lymphocyte globulin / anti-lymphocyte globulin, apremilast, azathioprine, basiliximab, belimumab, beta-2-sympathomimetics (eg salbutamol), beta-blockers (eg metop
- Interferons integrin antibodies (eg vedolizumab, natalizumab), Jak / STAT inhibitors (eg tofacitinib, baricitinib, GLPG0634), cortisol-containing preparations, leukotriene receptor antagonist
- integrin antibodies eg vedolizumab, natalizumab
- Jak / STAT inhibitors eg tofacitinib, baricitinib, GLPG0634
- cortisol-containing preparations eg.g tofacitinib, baricitinib, GLPG0634
- drugs which contain at least one of the compounds of the general formula (I) and one or more further active compounds, in particular EP4 inhibitors (prostaglandin E2 receptor 4 inhibitors), P2X3 inhibitors (P2X purinoceptor 3), PTGES inhibitors (prostaglandin E synthase inhibitors), P2X4 inhibitors (P2X Purinoceptor 4), MKNKl / 2 inhibitors (MAP kinase-interacting serine / threonine-protein kinase 1/2) or AKRlC3 inhibitors (Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C3 inhibitors), for the treatment and / or prevention of the aforementioned diseases.
- EP4 inhibitors prostaglandin E2 receptor 4 inhibitors
- P2X3 inhibitors P2X purinoceptor 3
- PTGES inhibitors prostaglandin E synthase inhibitors
- P2X4 inhibitors P2X Purinoceptor 4
- the compounds of the general formula (I) can act systemically and / or locally. For this purpose, they may be applied in a suitable manner, e.g. oral, parenteral, subcutaneous, intraarticular, pulmonary, nasal, sublingual, lingual, buccal, rectal, dermal, transdermal, conjunctival, via the ear or as an implant or stent. For these routes of administration, the compounds of the general formula (I) can be administered in suitable administration forms.
- the compounds of general formula (I) rapidly and / or modified donating application forms containing the compounds of general formula (I) in crystalline and / or amorphous and / or dissolved form such as tablets (uncoated or coated tablets, for example with enteric or delayed-dissolving or insoluble coatings which control the release of the compound of the invention), orally disintegrating tablets or films / wafers, films / lyophilisates, capsules in the oral cavity (For example, hard or soft gelatin capsules), dragees, granules, pellets, powders, emulsions, suspensions, aerosols or solutions.
- Parenteral administration can be accomplished by bypassing a resorption step (e.g., intravenously, intraarterially, intraarticularly, intracardially, intraspinally, or intralumbarly) or by resorting to absorption (e.g., intramuscularly, subcutaneously, intracutaneously, percutaneously, or intraperitoneally).
- a resorption step e.g., intravenously, intraarterially, intraarticularly, intracardially, intraspinally, or intralumbarly
- absorption e.g., intramuscularly, subcutaneously, intracutaneously, percutaneously, or intraperitoneally.
- parenteral administration are suitable as application forms u.a. Injection and infusion preparations in the form of solutions, suspensions, emulsions, lyophilisates or sterile powders.
- Inhalation medicines including powder inhalers, nebulizers
- nasal drops solutions or sprays
- lingual, sublingual or buccal tablets films / wafers or capsules
- suppositories ear or ophthalmic preparations
- aqueous suspensions lotions, shake mixtures
- lipophilic suspensions Ointments
- creams transdermal therapeutic systems (eg patches)
- milk pastes, foams, powdered powders, implants or stents.
- the compounds of the general formula (I) can be converted into the stated administration forms. This can be done in a conventional manner by mixing with inert, non-toxic, pharmaceutically suitable excipients.
- excipients for example microcrystalline cellulose, lactose, mannitol
- solvents for example liquid polyethylene glycols
- emulsifiers and dispersants or wetting agents for example sodium dodecyl sulfate, polyoxysorbitanoleate
- binders for example polyvinylpyrrolidone
- synthetic and natural polymers for example albumin
- Stabilizers eg, antioxidants such as ascorbic acid
- dyes eg, inorganic pigments such as iron oxides
- flavor and / or odoriferous include, among others.
- Excipients for example microcrystalline cellulose, lactose, mannitol
- solvents for example liquid polyethylene glycols
- emulsifiers and dispersants or wetting agents for example sodium do
- compositions containing at least one compound of the invention are pharmaceutical compositions containing at least one compound of the invention, usually together with one or more inert, non-toxic, pharmaceutically suitable excipients, and their use for the purposes mentioned above.
- the dosage is about 0.01 to 100 mg / kg, preferably about 0.01 to 20 mg kg and most preferably 0.1 to 10 mg / kg body weight. Nevertheless, it may be necessary to deviate from the stated amounts, depending on body weight, route of administration, individual behavior towards the active ingredient, type of preparation and time or interval at which the application is carried out. So it may be sufficient in some cases, with less than the aforementioned minimum
- carboxylic acids (intermediate V3) are used which are commercially available or in a manner known from the literature or analogous to the literature (see, for example, European Journal of Organic Chemistry 2003, 8, 1559-1568, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 1990, 38, 9, 2446-2458, Synthetic Communications 2012, 42, 658-666, Tetrahedron, 2004, 60, 51, 11869-11874) (see, for example, Synthetic Scheme 1).
- carboxylic acids V3 can be prepared from carboxylic esters (intermediate V2) by saponification (compare, for example, the reaction of ethyl 6- (hydroxymethyl) pyridine-2-carboxylate with aqueous sodium hydroxide solution in methanol, WO200411328) or, in the case of a tert-butyl ester - by reaction with an acid such as hydrogen chloride or trifluoroacetic acid (see for example Dalton Transactions, 2014, 43, 19, 7176 - 7190) are produced.
- the carboxylic acids V3 can also be used in the form of their alkali metal salts.
- the preparation of the intermediates V2 can optionally take place from the intermediates VI, which as substituent X 1 carry a chlorine, bromine or iodine, by reaction in a carbon monoxide atmosphere optionally under excess pressure in the presence of a phosphine ligands such as l, 3-bis (diphenylphoshino ) propane, a palladium compound such as palladium (II) acetate and a base such as triethylamine with the addition of ethanol or methanol in a solvent such as dimethyl sulfoxide (for manufacturing methods cf. for example WO2012112743, WO 2005082866, Chemical Communications (Cambridge , England), 2003, 15, 1948 - 1949, WO200661715).
- a phosphine ligands such as l, 3-bis (diphenylphoshino ) propane
- a palladium compound such as palladium (II) acetate
- a base such as trieth
- the intermediates VI are either commercially available or can be prepared in literature ways. Exemplary methods of preparation are described in WO 2012061926, European Journal of Organic Chemistry, 2002, 2, 327-330, Synthesis, 2004, 10, 1619-1624, Journal of the American Chemical Society, 2013, 135, 32, 12122-12134, Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry Letters 2014, 24, 16, 4039 - 21.
- X is chlorine, bromine or iodine.
- R d is methyl, ethyl, benzyl or ieri-butyl.
- R 4 , R 5 have the definitions described in the general formula (I).
- Methyl 5-amino-1H-indazole-6-carboxylate (Intermediate 2) can be prepared from methyl 1H-indazole-6-carboxylate (Intermediate 0) according to Synthetic Scheme 2 by nitration and reduction of the nitro group of Intermediate 1 by hydrogen in the presence of Palladium on carbon analogous to WO 2008/001883 are obtained.
- Various coupling reagents known in the literature (Amino Acids, Peptides and Proteins in Organic Chemistry, Vol.3 - Building Blocks, Catalysis and Coupling Chemistry, Andrew B. Hughes, Wiley, Chapter 12) can be used to prepare Intermediate 3 starting from Intermediate 2 Peptide-Coupling Reagents, 407-442; Chem. Soc.
- 1- (3-dimethylaminopropyl) -3-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride can be used in combination with 1-hydroxy-1H-benzotriazole hydrate (HOBt, WO2012107475, Bioorg.Med.Chem.
- R 4 , R 5 have the definitions given in the general formula (I).
- 2-substituted indazole derivatives (intermediates 4) can be prepared (see Synthetic Scheme 3).
- reactions with optionally substituted alkyl chlorides, alkyl bromides, alkyl iodides or alkyl-4-methylbenzenesulfonates into consideration.
- alkyl halides or alkyl 4-methylbenzenesulfonates used are commercially available or can be prepared analogously to known methods (for the preparation of alkyl 4-methylbenzenesulfonates, for example, the reaction of a corresponding alcohol with 4-methylbenzenesulfonyl chloride in the presence of triethylamine or pyridine, see, for example, Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry, 2006, 14, 12, 4277-4244).
- an alkali metal iodide such as potassium iodide or sodium iodide may be added.
- bases for example, potassium carbonate, cesium carbonate or sodium hydride can be used.
- Reactive alkyl halides may also use N-cyclohexyl-N-methylcyclohexanamine in some cases.
- Suitable solvents are, for example, 1-methylpyrrolidin-2-one, DMF, DMSO or THF.
- the alkyl halides or alkyl 4-methylbenzenesulfonates used may have functional groups previously optionally protected with a protecting group (see also PGM Wuts, TW Greene, Greene's Protective Croups in Organic Synthesis, Fourth Edition, ISBN: 9780471697541).
- alkyl halides or alkyl-4-methylbenzenesulfonates which have one or more hydroxyl groups
- these hydroxy groups may optionally be protected by an ieri-butyl (dimethyl) silyl group or a similar silicon-containing protective group familiar to the person skilled in the art.
- the hydroxy groups can also be present protected with the tetrahydro-2H-pyran (THP) group or with the acetyl or benzoyl group.
- THP tetrahydro-2H-pyran
- the protecting groups used can then be cleaved subsequently to the synthesis of intermediate 4, but also after the synthesis of (I).
- a tert-butyl (dimethylsilyl) group may be cleaved using tetrabutylammonium fluoride in a solvent such as THF.
- a THP protecting group may be cleaved using 4-methylbenzenesulfonic acid (optionally as a monohydrate).
- Acetyl groups or benzoyl groups can be cleaved off by treatment with aqueous sodium hydroxide solution.
- the alkyl halides or alkyl-4-methylbenzenesulfonates used can contain functional groups which can be converted by oxidation or reduction reactions known to the person skilled in the art (compare, for example, Science of Synthesis, Georg Thieme Verlag). If, for example, the functional group is a sulfide group, this can be converted to a sulfoxide or by methods known from the literature Sulfone group are oxidized. If it is a sulfoxide group, it can also be oxidized to a sulfone group.
- chloroperbenzoic acid CAS 937-14-4
- can be used for these oxidation steps (compare, for example, also
- R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 have the definitions given in the general formula (I).
- suitable alkylmagnesium halides such as, for example, methylmagnesium chloride or methylmagnesium bromide in THF or in diethyl ether or else in mixtures of THF and diethyl ether can be used.
- R 1 of the compounds of the formula (Ia) contains a suitable functional group, it is optionally possible subsequently to use, in analogy to Synthetic Scheme 3, oxidation or reduction reactions for the preparation of further compounds according to the invention.
- R 1 , R 4 , R 5 have the definitions given in the general formula (I).
- R 2 and R 3 always have the same meaning and are also Ci-Cö-alkyl.
- Intermediate 4 can be prepared in an alternative manner (see Synthetic Scheme 5). First, intermediate 1 is converted to intermediate 6 using methods as described in Synthetic Scheme 3 (Preparation of Intermediate 4 from Intermediate 3).
- the intermediate 6 can then be converted by reduction of the nitro group to intermediate 7.
- the nitro group can be reduced with palladium on carbon under a hydrogen atmosphere (see, for example, WO2013174744 for the reduction of 6-isopropoxy-5-nitro-1H-indazole to 6-isopropoxy-1H-indazol-5-amine) or by use of iron and ammonium chloride in water and ethanol (see, for example, Journal of the Chemical Society, 1955, 2412-2419), or by the use of stannous chloride (CAS 7772-99-8).
- the use of iron and ammonium chloride in water and ethanol is preferred.
- the preparation of intermediate 4 from intermediate 7 can be carried out analogously to synthesis scheme 2 (preparation of intermediate 3 from intermediate 2).
- saline means a saturated aqueous sodium chloride solution.
- Method A2 UPLC (MeCN-NH 3 ): Instrument: Waters Acquity UPLC-MS SQD 3001; Column: Acquity UPLC BEH C18 1.7 50x2.1mm; Eluent A: water + 0.2% vol. Ammonia (32%), eluent B: acetonitrile; Gradient: 0- 1.6 min 1-99% B, 1.6-2.0 min 99% B; Flow 0.8 ml / min; Temperature: 60 ° C; Injection: 2 ⁇ ; DAD scan: 210-400 nm; MS ESI +, ESI-, scan ranges 160-1000 m / z; ELSD.
- Instrument Waters Acquity UPLC-MS SQD 3001; Column: Acquity UPLC BEH C18 1.7 50x2.1mm; Eluent A: water + 0.2% vol. Ammonia (32%), eluent B: acetonitrile; Gradient: 0- 1.6 min 1-99% B, 1.6
- the compounds of the general formula (I) and their precursors and / or intermediates have been purified by the following exemplary preparative HPLC methods:
- Method PI System: Waters autopurification system: Pump 2545, Sample Manager 2767, CFO, DAD 2996, ELSD 2424, SQD; Column: XBrigde C18 5 ⁇ 100x30 mm; Eluent: A: water + 0.1% by volume of formic acid, eluent B: acetonitrile; Gradient: 0-8 min 10-100% B, 8-10 min 100% B; Flow: 50 mL / min; Temperature: room temperature; Solution: Max. 250 mg / max.
- Method P2 System: Waters autopurification system: Pump 254, Sample Manager 2767, CFO, DAD 2996, ELSD 2424, SQD 3100; Column: XBrigde C18 5 ⁇ 100x30 mm; Eluent: A: water + 0.2% vol. Ammonia (32%), eluent B: methanol; Gradient: 0-8 min 30-70% B; Flow: 50 mL / min; Temperature: room temperature; Detection: DAD scan range 210 ⁇ 100 nm; MS ESI +, ESI-, scan ranges 160-1000 m / z; ELSD.
- Method P3 System: Labomatic, Pump: HD-5000, Fraction Collector: LABOCOL Vario-4000, UV detector: Knauer UVD 2.1S; Column: XBrigde C18 5 ⁇ 100x30 mm; Eluent A: water + 0.2% vol. Ammonia (25%), eluent B: acetonitrile; Gradient: 0-1 min 15% B, 1-6.3 min 15-55% B, 6.3-6.4 min 55-100% B, 6.4-7.4 min 100% B; Flow: 60 mL / min; Temperature: room temperature; Solution: Max. 250 mg / 2mL DMSO; Injection: 2 x 2mL; Detection: UV 218 nm; Software: SCPA PrepCon5.
- Method P4 System: Labomatic, Pump: HD-5000, Fraction Collector: LABOCOL Vario-4000, UV detector: Knauer UVD 2.1S; Column: Chromatorex RP C18 ⁇ 125x30 mm, eluent: A: water + 0.1% by volume of formic acid, eluent B: acetonitrile; Gradient: 0 - 15 min 65 - 100% B; Flow: 60 mL / min; Temperature: room temperature; Solution: Max. 250 mg / 2mL DMSO; Injection: 2 x 2mL; Detection: UV 254 nm; Software: SCPA PrepCon5.
- Method P5 System: Sepiatec: Prep SFC100, Column: Chiralpak IA 5 ⁇ 250x20 mm; Eluent A: carbon dioxide, eluent B: ethanol; Gradient: isocratic 20% B; Flow: 80 mL / min; Temperature: 40 ° C; Solution: Max. 250 mg / 2mL DMSO; Injection: 5 x 0.4 mL Detection: UV 254 nm.
- Method P6 System: Agilent: Prep 1200, 2x Prep Pump, DLA, MWD, Gilson: Liquid Handler 215; Column: Chiralcel OJ-H 5 ⁇ 250x20 mm; Eluent A: hexane, eluent B: ethanol; Gradient: isocratic 30% B; Flow: 25 mL / min; Temperature: 25 ° C; Solution: 187 mg / 8 mL ethanol / methanol; Injection: 8 x 1.0 mL Detection: UV 280 nm.
- Method P7 System: Labomatic, Pump: HD-5000, Fraction Collector: LABOCOL Vario-4000, UV detector: Knauer UVD 2.1S; Column: XBrigde C18 5 ⁇ 100x30 mm; Eluent A: water + 0.1% by volume of formic acid, eluent B: acetonitrile; Gradient: 0-3min: 65% B isocratic, 3-13min: 65-100% B; Flow: 60ml / min; Temperature: room temperature; Solution: Max. 250 mg / 2mL DMSO; Injection: 2 x 2mL; Detection: UV 254 nm.
- Method P8 System: Agilent: Prep 1200, 2x Prep Pump, DLA, MWD, Gilson: Liquid Handler 215; Column: Chiralpak IF 5 ⁇ 250x20 mm; Eluent A: ethanol, eluent B: methanol; Gradient: isocratic 50% B; Flow: 25 mL / min; Temperature: 25 ° C; Solution: 600 mg / 7 mL N, N-dimethylformamide; Injection: 10 x 0.7 mL Detection: UV 254 nm
- the autoclave was depressurized, water was added to the reaction mixture, extracted three times with ethyl acetate, washed with saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution, brine, filtered through a water-repellent filter, and concentrated. 1.60 g of a crude product were obtained.
- the reaction mixture was diluted with water and extracted with ethyl acetate.
- the combined organic phases were filtered through a water-repellent filter and concentrated.
- the residue was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (hexane / ethyl acetate). There were obtained 400 mg of the title compound.
- Methyl-5- ( ⁇ [6- (2-hydroxypropari-2-yl) pyridin-2-yl] carbonyl ⁇ amino) -1H-indazole-6-carboxylate (Intermediate 3-3) was prepared in 300 mg (0.80 mmol) 4.5 ml of DMF submitted. 287 mg (1.21 mmol) of 1,1,1-trifluoro-4-iodobutane and 333 mg of potassium carbonate were added, and the mixture was stirred at 100 ° C. for 23 h. Water was added and extracted three times with ethyl acetate. It was concentrated and purified by preparative HPLC. 72 mg of the title compound were obtained.
- Methyl-2- (2-methoxyethyl) -5- ( ⁇ [6- (trifluoromethyl) pyridin-2-yl] carbonyl ⁇ -amino) -2H-indazole-6-carboxylate 75 mg (0.18 mmol) (Intermediate 4-2 ) were dissolved in 500 ⁇ THF and treated with 887 ⁇ (0.89 mmol) of a 1 M methylmagnesium bromide solution in THF. The reaction mixture was stirred at 25 ° C for 60 minutes. Subsequently, 1 ml of a saturated aqueous ammonium chloride solution was added carefully and filtered.
- the aqueous phase was extracted twice with ethyl acetate, the organic phases were combined, filtered through a water-repellent filter and concentrated. The residue was dissolved in 3 ml of DMSO and purified by preparative HPLC. The product-containing fractions were freeze-dried. There was obtained 20 mg of the title compound.
- Methyl-2- (3-methoxypropyl) -5- ( ⁇ [6- (trifluoromethyl) pyridin-2-yl] carbonyl ⁇ -amino) -2H-indazole-6-carboxylate (Intermediate 4-3 ) were dissolved in 500 ⁇ THF and treated with 859 ⁇ (0.86 mmol) of a 1 M methylmagnesium bromide solution in THF. The reaction mixture was stirred at 25 ° C for 60 min. Subsequently, 1 ml of a saturated ammonium chloride solution was added carefully and filtered. The aqueous phase was washed twice
- Example 11 Analogously to the preparation of Example 11 (preparation method 1), 3.00 g of methyl 5 - ( ⁇ [6- (difluoromethyl) pyridin-2-yl] carbonyl ⁇ amino) -2- (3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl) -2H- indazole-6-carboxylate (Intermediate 4-11) with 3M methylmagnesium bromide solution (in diethyl ether). Purification of the crude product by trituration from diethyl ether followed by preparative HPLC gave 1.37 g of the title compound.
- the biotinylated peptide biotin-Ahx-KKARFSRFAGSSPSQASFAEPG C-terminus in amide form
- was used e.g. can be bought at the company Biosyntan GmbH (Berlin-Buch).
- concentration of IRAK4 was adjusted to the respective activity of the enzyme and adjusted so that the assay worked in the linear range. Typical concentrations were on the order of about 0.2 nM.
- the reaction was stopped by adding 5 ⁇ of a solution of TR-FRET detection reagents [0.1 ⁇ streptavidin XL665 (Cisbio Bioassays, France, catalog No. 610SAXLG) and 1.5 nM antiphospho-serine antibodies [Merck Millipore, "STK Antibody", Catalog No. 35-002] and 0.6 nM LANCE EU-W1024-labeled anti-mouse IgG antibody (Perkin-Elmer, Product No.
- TR-FRET detection reagents 0.1 ⁇ streptavidin XL665 (Cisbio Bioassays, France, catalog No. 610SAXLG) and 1.5 nM antiphospho-serine antibodies [Merck Millipore, "STK Antibody", Catalog No. 35-002] and 0.6 nM LANCE EU-W1024-labeled anti-mouse IgG antibody (Perkin-Elmer, Product No.
- a terbium-cryptate-labeled anti-mouse IgG antibodies from Cisbio bioassays in aqueous EDTA solution (100 mM EDTA, 0.4% [w / v] bovine serum albumin [BSA] in 25 mM HEPES pH 7.5).
- the resulting mixture was incubated for 1 h at 22 ° C to allow the formation of a complex of the biotinylated phosphorylated substrate and the detection reagents. Subsequently, the amount of the phosphorylated substrate was evaluated by measurement of resonance energy transfer from europium chelate labeled anti-mouse IgG antibody to streptavidin XL665. For this purpose, fluorescence emissions at 620 nm and 665 nm were measured after excitation at 350 nm in a TR-FRET measuring device, eg a Rubystar (BMG Labtechnologies, Offenburg, Germany) or a Viewlux (Perkin-Elmer).
- a TR-FRET measuring device eg a Rubystar (BMG Labtechnologies, Offenburg, Germany) or a Viewlux (Perkin-Elmer).
- the ratio of emissions at 665 nm and 622 nm was taken as a measure of the amount of phosphorylated substrate.
- the test substances were tested on the same microtiter plate at 11 different concentrations in the range of 20 ⁇ to 0.073 nM (20 ⁇ , 5.7 ⁇ , 1.6 ⁇ , 0.47 ⁇ , 0.13 ⁇ , 38 ⁇ , 11 ⁇ , 3.1 ⁇ , 0.89 ⁇ , 0.25 nM and 0.073 nM).
- Serial dilutions were made prior to assay (2 mM to 7.3 nM in 100% DMSO) by serial dilutions.
- the IC 50 values were calculated with a 4-parameter fit.
- Table 1 IC 50 values of the example compounds in the IRAK4 kinase assay
- the inhibitory activity of the compounds of general formula (III) on IRAK4 was also measured in the IRAK4-TR-FRET assay described above.
- TNF-a tumor necrosis factor-alpha
- THP-1 cells human monocytic acute leukemia cell line
- TNF- ⁇ is a key cytokine involved in inflammatory processes of the aforementioned autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, psoriasis, Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, and so on.
- the TNF- ⁇ release is triggered in this assay by incubation with bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS).
- LPS bacterial lipopolysaccharide
- THP-1 cells were supplemented in continuous suspension cell culture [RPMI 1460 medium with L-glutamax (Gibco, cat # 61870-044) supplemented with fetal calf serum (FCS) 10% (Invitrogen, cat # 10082-147 ), 1% penicillin / streptomycin (Gibco BRL, cat # 15140-114)] and should not exceed a cell concentration of lx10 6 cells / ml.
- FCS fetal calf serum
- the assay was carried out in cell culture medium (RPMI 1460 medium with L-glutamax supplemented with FCS 10%).
- TNF-alpha HTRF Detection Kit (Cisbio, Cat # 62TNFPEB / C) was used.
- 2 ⁇ each of the detection solution consisting of anti-TNF- ⁇ -XL665 conjugate and anti-TNF- ⁇ -cryptate conjugate dissolved according to the manufacturer's instructions in the reconstitution buffer, was added for the HTRF (Homogeneous Time-Resolved Fluorescence) test. After addition, incubation was either at room temperature for 3 hours or at 4 ° C. overnight.
- the recovery of human PBMCs was from anti-coagulated human whole blood.
- 15 ml of Ficoll-Paque (Biochrom, cat. No. L6115) were placed in Leucosep tubes and 20 ml of human blood were added. After centrifugation of the blood at 800 g for 15 min at room temperature, plasma including the platelets was removed and discarded.
- the PBMCs were transferred to centrifuge tubes and filled with PBS (Phosphate Buffered Saline) (Gibco, Cat # 14190). The cell suspension was centrifuged at 250g for 10 min at room temperature and the supernatant discarded.
- PBS Phosphate Buffered Saline
- the resuspension of the PBMCs was carried out in complete medium (RPMI 1640, without L-glutamine (PAA, cat No E15-039), 10% FCS, 50 U / ml penicillin, 50 ⁇ M ⁇ streptomycin (PAA, cat PI 1-010) and 1% L-glutamine (Sigma, cat # G7513)).
- complete medium RPMI 1640, without L-glutamine (PAA, cat No E15-039), 10% FCS, 50 U / ml penicillin, 50 ⁇ M ⁇ streptomycin (PAA, cat PI 1-010) and 1% L-glutamine (Sigma, cat # G7513)).
- the assay was also carried out in complete medium.
- the PBMCs were seeded in 96-well plates with a cell density of 2.5 ⁇ 10 5 cells / well.
- the compounds of general formula (I) were serially diluted in a constant volume of 100% DMSO and used in the assay at 8 different concentrations ranging from 10 ⁇ to 3 nM so that the final DMSO concentration was 0.4% DMSO.
- the cells were preincubated for 30 min before the actual stimulation.
- stimulation was carried out with 0.1 ⁇ L of ⁇ LPS (Sigma, Escherichia coli 0128: B 12, Cat. No. L2887) for 24 hours.
- Determination of cell viability was performed using the CellTiter-Glo Luminescent Assay (Promega, Cat # G7571 (G755 / G756A)) as directed by the manufacturer.
- the determination of the amount of secreted TNF- ⁇ in the cell culture supernatant was carried out by means of the Human Prolnflammatory 9-Plex Tissue Culture Kit (MSD, Cat. No. K15007B) according to the manufacturer's instructions.
- MSD Human Prolnflammatory 9-Plex Tissue Culture Kit
- TH-17 cells play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, Psoriasis, Atopic Dermatitis, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, or Multiple Sclerosis (Lubberts, Nat., Rev. Rheumatol., 2015, Marinoni et al., Autoimmune Highlights, 2014; Isailovic et al., J.
- diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, Psoriasis, Atopic Dermatitis, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, or Multiple Sclerosis
- human primary monocytes isolated from human PBMCs using magnetic separation [Miltenyi Biotech, Monocyte Isolation Kit, cat # 130-091-153] with the addition of growth factors (recombinant human GM-CSF [PeproTech, cat # 300-03] and IL-4 [PeproTech, cat # 200-04]) in complete medium (very low endotoxin) RPMI 1640 [Biochrom AG, Cat # FG1415], 10% Fetal Bovine Serum (FBS) [Gibco, Cat # 10493-106]; 50 ⁇ ⁇ -mercaptoethanol [Gibco, Cat # 31350], 50 U / ml penicillin and streptomycin [Gibco, cat # 15140-114]) were cultured for 6 days in culture to give DCs After harvesting the DCs, they were resuspended in complete medium and in a cell density of 2x10 5 cells /
- the compounds of general formula (I) were serially diluted in a constant volume of 100% DMSO and dissolved in the As say with 9 different concentrations ranging from 10 ⁇ to 1 nM. Care was taken to ensure that for each of the 9 concentrations used, the DMSO concentration contained was always 0.1% DMSO. There was a 30-minute preincubation of the DCs with the compounds of the general formula (I). Thereafter, DCs were then transfected by 10ng / ml LPS (Sigma, Escherichia coli serotype 0127: B8, cat # L3129) (TLR4 ligand) and 2 ⁇ g / ml of TLR7 / 8 ligand R848 (Invivogen, Cat. No.
- tlrl-r848-5 which both cause activation of the IRAK4-mediated pathway, were incubated for 24 hours in the incubator (37 ° C, 95% RH, 5% CO2) for IL-23 production. After this 24-hour incubation period, the supernatants were removed and analyzed using a commercially available hIL-23 ELISA (eBiosciences, cat # 88-7237-88), which was performed according to the manufacturer's instructions. The results of inhibition of IL-23 in human DCs are exemplified for example compound 12 in Figure 1.
- cytokine IL-17 which is a key cytokine in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, reactive arthritis, psoriasis, atopic Dermatitis, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, Inflammatory Bowel Disease and also Multiple Sclerosis is considered in human Th17 cells.
- human PBMCs were first obtained from anti-coagulated human whole blood as follows: 20 ml of human blood was incubated in Leucosep tubes were added in which previously 15 ml of Ficoll-Paque (Biochrom, cat No L6115) were submitted. After centrifugation of the blood at 800 g for 15 min at room temperature, plasma including the platelets was removed and discarded. The PBMCs were transferred to centrifuge tubes and filled with PBS (Phosphate Buffered Saline) (Gibco, Cat # 14190). The cell suspension was centrifuged at 250g for 10 min at room temperature and the supernatant discarded.
- PBS Phosphate Buffered Saline
- the resuspension of the PBMCs was carried out in complete medium (RPMI 1640, without L-glutamine (PAA, cat No E15-039), 10% FCS, 50 U / ml penicillin, 50 ⁇ M ⁇ streptomycin (PAA, cat PI 1-010) and 1% L-glutamine (Sigma, cat # G7513)).
- RPMI 1640 without L-glutamine
- FCS 50 U / ml penicillin
- PAA 50 ⁇ M ⁇ streptomycin
- PPAA 50 ⁇ M ⁇ streptomycin
- 1% L-glutamine Sigma, cat # G7513
- CD4 + T cells were separated via a column using a magnetic cell separation (CD4 + T cell Isolation Kit, Miltenyi Biotech, cat # 130-096-533) (LS column, Miltenyi Biotech, cat # 130-042- 401) isolated from the PBMCs.
- the CD4 + T cells thus obtained were seeded in 96-well plates (Fiat bottom, Costar, cat No. 3599) with a cell density of 5 ⁇ 10 4 CD4 + T cells / well. This assay was also carried out with complete medium.
- the compounds of general formula (I) were serially diluted in a constant volume of 100% DMSO and used in the assay at 9 different concentrations ranging from 10 ⁇ to 1 nM so that the final DMSO concentration was 0.1% DMSO. This was followed by a 30 minutes preincubation of the cells with the respective concentration of the compounds of general formula (I) in the incubator.
- Thl7 differentiation cocktail consisting of anti-CD3 / anti-CD28 beads (2500 beads per 50,000 cells, T cell activation kit, Miltenyi Biotech, cat # 130-091-441), recombinant human ( rh) IL-23 (20ng / ml; eBioscience, cat # 14-8239-63), rhIL-lbeta (20ng / ml; eBioscience, cat # 34-8018), rhIL-6 (20ng / ml; eBioscience, cat # 34-8069) and rhIL-2 (100IU / mL; eBioscience, cat # SRP3085), which differentiated CD4 + T cells into Thl7 cells for 6 days, and were simultaneously stimulated to produce IL-17.
- hIL-17 ELISA Human IL-17a ELISA Ready SET-Go, eBiosciences, cat no 88-7176-88
- the results of the inhibition of Th 17 cell differentiation and, ultimately, the production of IL-17 are exemplified for example compound 12 in Figure 2.
- the pDCs thus obtained were supplemented in complete medium (RPMI 1640 + GlutaMax [Gibco, cat # 61870-010] supplemented with 10% FBS [Gibco, cat # 10493-106] and 50 U penicillin / streptomycin [Gibco, No. 15140-114]) and plated in a cell density of 5 ⁇ 10 4 cells / well in a 96-well microtiter plate (Costar, cat.
- the compounds of general formula (I) were serially diluted in a constant volume of 100% DMSO and used in the assay at 9 different concentrations ranging from 10 ⁇ to 1 nM.
- the compounds of general formula (I) were tested for their in vivo efficacy in an in vivo TLR-mediated inflammation model.
- this mechanistic model demonstrates the potential effect of the compounds of general formula (I) on TLR4-mediated diseases since an LPS-mediated inflammation model was used.
- Female NMRI mice (about 6 weeks old, Charles River Laboratories, Germany) were divided into groups of 5 animals each.
- the healthy control group was treated with the vehicle (ethanol-peanut oil 10:90 v / v) in which the substance was dissolved (substance vehicle) as well as with the vehicle in which the LPS was dissolved.
- the positive control group was also administered in each case 0.2 mg LPS / kg body weight (Sigma, cat. No.
- L4391 lipopolysaccharides from E. coli 011 LB4 intraperitoneally (ip).
- the positive control group also received the substance vehicle described above.
- the drug was administered orally 1 hour before the induction of inflammation by the administration of LPS.
- the cytokines TNF- ⁇ and IL-6 were determined in plasma using mouse TNF- ⁇ and mouse IL-6 Ready-SET-Go ELISA kits (eBioscience, mTNFa cat # 88-7324-88, mIL-6 cat # 88-7064-88) as directed by the manufacturer.
- IRAK4 inhibitors are effective in the TLR-mediated inflammation model.
- LPS leads to a rapid induction of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF- ⁇ and IL-6 in plasma, which is inhibited by the treatment with the compounds of general formula (I) dose-dependent.
- cytokines such as TNF- ⁇ and IL-6
- FIG. 4 This is illustrated in Figure 4 by way of example for compound 12 and 11.
- clinically relevant reference substances were used to compare the inhibitory activity in the animal model, such as the TNF antagonists adalimumab (Humira ® ) or etanercept, both subcutaneously before induction of inflammation with LPS at doses of 1.5 mg / kg, 5 mg / kg and 10 mg / kg were applied.
- Both control groups were each treated only with the vehicle (Cremophor-ethanol-water 40: 10:50 v / v / v) of the test substance po either preventively (from day 0) or therapeutically (from day 9).
- the treatment with different doses of the test substance also started either preventively or therapeutically by oral application.
- the disease status of the animals was assessed until day-end (day 20) from day 8 on which the animals first showed signs of arthritis, and subsequently 3 times a week, the disease status of the animals.
- the grip strength of the animals was determined by means of an automated grip strength tester (IITC Life Science Inc., USA) as a measure of hyperalgesia.
- paw volume was also measured via plethysmometer (IITC Life Science Inc., USA) as a measure of joint swelling.
- knee biopsies were used to analyze cytokine levels (by multiplex ELISA of MSD) or CRP levels (Rat C-Reactive Protein, cat # 557825, BD Bioscience) or elastase activity (as a measure of neutrophil infiltration) in the tissue used or examined histopathologically for signs of inflammation in the synovium and in the intra- and periarticular tissue. Knee joint biopsies were pulverized by means of a cooled ball mill at -196 ° C.
- NE neutrophil elastase
- MeOSuc-AAPV-AMC N-methoxysuccinyl-Ala-Ala-Pro-Val-7-amino-4-methyl coumarin
- Recombinant murine NE Cat No: 4517-SE-010, R & D Systems, Germany, dissolved in homogenate buffer, see above was used as standard curve and the homogenate buffer as blank.
- SoftmaxPro 6.4 the amount of neutrophil elastase using the NE Standard curve calculated.
- Statistical analysis was performed using the One-Factor Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and control comparison by multiple comparison analysis (Dunnett test).
- ANOVA One-Factor Analysis of Variance
- Unnett test The application of CFA in rats leads to acute arthritis with marked joint inflammation in rats.
- This rat arthritis model is exemplary of joint inflammation in human arthritis such as psoriatic arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, reactive arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis (Bendele, J Musculoskel Neuron Interact 2001, McCann et al., Arthritis Res Ther, 2010).
- the adjuvant-induced arthritis was significantly inhibited by the preventive but also therapeutic treatment with the example compound 11 and in particular on the basis of the histological and MRI data to a disease-modifying effect as a DMARD (English disease-modifying antirheumatic drug) infer.
- DMARD English disease-modifying antirheumatic drug
- Figure 5 the clinically relevant reference substance, the TNF antagonist etanercept (10 mg / kg or 25 mg / kg from day 0), administered subcutaneously every third day, was included to compare the inhibitory potency in the animal model.
- Both control groups were in each case only with the vehicle (EthanohEndnußöl 10:90 v / v) of the test substance p.o. treated preventively (i.e., from day 0) or therapeutically (from day 9).
- the treatment with different doses of the test substance also started preventively or therapeutically by oral application.
- the extent of the disease was assessed using the disease activity score scoring system on all four paws. This award of points provides that no points are awarded for a healthy paw, whereas for the respective incidence of joint inflammation from the toes to the metatarsal joint to the ankle, points of 1 [mild inflammation, e.g. of the toe (s)] to 4 [severe inflammation extending over the entire paw] as explained below:
- Statistical analysis was performed using the one-way analysis of variance ANOVA and comparison to the control group by multiple comparison analysis (Dunnett test).
- the chronic MOG 33 -35 (English, myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein) induced EAE (experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis) model is the standard animal model for testing of pharmacological substances for potential use in MS patients.
- EAE experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis
- the treatment groups received daily different dosages of Exemplified Compound 12 as a preventive therapy, ie, as of day 0, by oral administration. Parameters such as incidence rate and symptoms of EAE were reviewed daily. The EAE symptoms were assessed using a scoring system that represents the severity of the disease (EAE disease activity score):
- ⁇ 2 flabby / paralyzed tail of the tail and weakness in the hind paws
- mice were sampled with blood for subsequent biomarker analysis and the spinal cord for histopathological evaluation of neuraxial degeneration and lymphocyte infiltration.
- Statistical analysis was performed using the one-way analysis of variance ANOVA and comparison to the control group by multiple comparison analysis (Dunnett test).
- the compounds of general formula (I) were tested for their anti-inflammatory effects in an animal model of psoriasis.
- IMQ imiquimod
- a TLR7 / 8 ligand and potent immune activator results in a psoriatic-like phenotype on the skin in mice.
- 3.5 mg imiquimod (equivalent to 70 mg 5% Aldara® cream, Meda AB) was applied topically to the previously shaved dorsal skin and both ears (outside) for 7 days daily.
- An accompanying healthy control group received paraffin oil instead.
- the IMQ disease control was subsequently as well as the healthy control group preventive, i.
- IMQ-mediated dermal inflammation in the mouse represents an animal model for the indication psoriasis or for the skin phenotype in psoriatic arthritis (van der Fits et al., J Immunol 2009). The induced psoriasis could be inhibited by treatment with Exemplified Compound 12.
- the example compound was comparable to even consider the effectiveness of a steroid (betamethasone, Celestene ®; 2.5 mg / kg daily po) or a TNF antagonist (etanercept; 5 mg / kg every other day ip), which as a clinical reference substances in the experiment were taken. This is illustrated by Figure 8.
- the model of DNFB (2,4-dinitro-l-fluorobenzene) -induced allergic contact dermatitis (contact allergy) in the mouse represents an inflammatory skin disease with the background of a T-lymphocyte type 1 (Th1) cell primarily mediated Delayed-release hypersensitivity (DTH).
- Th1 T-lymphocyte type 1
- DTH Delayed-release hypersensitivity
- mice 22-24g, Charles River, Germany
- DNFB solution 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene, cat.no. 70-34-8, Sigma Aldrich, Germany
- acetone / olive oil 4/1, v / v.
- the triggering of the dermatitis was then carried out on day 5 by topical application of 20 ⁇ l of a 0.3% (w / v) DNFB solution (in acetone / olive oil, 4/1, v / v) to the outside of both ears (area per Ear about 2cm 2 ).
- elastase as a measure of the infiltration of neutrophils into the inflamed tissue could be determined.
- NE neutrophil elastase
- MeOSuc-AAPV-AMC fluorescently labeled substrate
- Recombinant murine NE (Cat No: 4517-SE-010, R & D Systems, Germany, dissolved in homogenate buffer) was used as standard curve and the homogenate buffer as blank.
- 25 ⁇ l of ear homogenate were used for the elastase assay and pipetted into a black 96 mm microtiter plate (flat bottom, NUNC, Germany) and then mixed with 25 ⁇ l of an ImM MeOSuc-AAPV-AMC substrate solution in cold TrisBSA buffer.
- ThHI-mediated dermal inflammation elicited by DNFB could be inhibited by treatment with Example Compound 11 and Exemplified Compound 12. This is shown in Figure 9.
- the murine TMA (trimellitic acid anhydride) -induced allergic contact dermatitis (contact allergy) model represents an inflammatory skin disease with the background of a sustained-release delayed-type immune response mediated mainly by eosinophils and T-helper type 2 (THh2 cells) lymphocytes hypersensitivity; DTH).
- This Th2-mediated inflammatory reaction of the skin exemplifies the inflammatory process in atopic dermatitis and in contact allergy (Sur et al., BMC Complement Aging Med. 2015).
- mice 22-24 g, Charles River, Germany
- shaved dorsal skin area 10 cm 2
- 50 ⁇ 1 each of a 3% (w / v) TMA solution Cat No. 552-30-7, Sigma Aldrich, Germany; dissolved in acetone / isopropyl myristate; 4/1; v / v).
- the triggering of the dermatitis was then carried out on day 5 by topical application of ⁇ a 3% (w / v) TMA solution (in acetone / isopropyl myristate, 4/1, v / v) on the outside of both ears (area per ear 2cm 2).
- the activity of the elastase can be determined as a measure of the infiltration of neutrophils into the inflamed tissue as described above (under "DNFB-induced skin model”).
- the control groups (healthy control and colitis disease control) are each treated only with the vehicle (ethanoh peanut oil 10:90 v / v) of the test substance po. The treatment with different doses of the test substance is carried out preventively, ie from day 0, by oral administration with first DSS administration.
- the effectiveness of the example compound 12 was comparable to the efficacy of approved biologics (anti-IL-12p40 with 10mg / kg Q3D [every third day] ip from day 0 or anti-TNF Humira ® [adalimumab] with 10mg / kg Q3D sc from day 0), which were included as clinically relevant reference substances in the experiment. This is illustrated in Figure 12.
- mice Female Balb / c mice (20-22 g, Charles River Laboratories, USA) are administered 500 ⁇ l pristane (Sigma, cat No: 1921-70-6) per day on day 0 intraperitoneally.
- Both a healthy control group and a disease control group are included in the experiment. Both control groups are each treated only with the vehicle (ethanoh peanut oil 10:90 v / v) of the test substance po.
- the treatment with different doses of the test substance is carried out preventively, ie from day 0, by oral administration about 1 h after pristane injection.
- these compounds are in a relapsing remitting animal model of MS in terms of their in vivo efficacy for the therapeutic treatment of an acute MS thrust or to prevent new Schübe examined.
- the relapsing-remitting PLP139-151 (proteolipid-protein) -induced EAE model represents a standard animal model for the testing of pharmacological substances for potential use in MS patients.
- mice Female SJL mice (8- 10 weeks old, Jackson Laboratories Bar Harbor, USA) on day 0 subcutaneously at four different sites of the mouse lump (2 in the upper part of the neck, 2 in the lower part about 2 cm cranial from the tail base) an emulsion, the PLP 13 9-151 / CFA (Hooke Kit TM PLP 13 9-151 / CFA Emulsion, Cat # EK-0120, Hooke Laboratories, Lawrence MA, USA), injected (O, 05ml / injection site).
- an EAE disease control is also included in the experiment.
- Both control groups are treated during the study with the vehicle (ethanoh peanut oil 10:90 v / v) of the test substance po.
- the daily po treatment with different dosages of für bstanz or their vehicle is carried out therapeutically in the first episode or after the episode.
- Therapeutic treatment after the onset of EAE serves to determine the therapeutic options an acute MS push, whereas the therapeutic treatment with the example compound after the first boost (start of treatment day 19) is to check to what extent the test substance can prevent a new push.
- start of treatment day 19 start of treatment day 19
- Figure 1 Inhibition of IL-23 in human monocyte-generated DCs for Exemplified Compound 12. Data presented as mean values with standard deviations.
- Figure 2 Inhibition of 6-day TH17 cell differentiation measured by IL-17 production after stimulation of (- human CD4 + T cells with anti-CD3 / anti-CD28 / rhIL-23 / rhIL-6 / rhIL-lbeta / rhIL-2 (TH17 cell differentiation cocktail) exemplified for example compound 12 for 2 donors (A, B) Data are presented as mean values with standard deviations.
- Figure 3 Inhibition of INF- ⁇ in (A) imiquimod (R837, TLR7 / 8 ligand) or (B) CpG-A (TLR9 ligand) stimulated human plasmacytoid DCs for Exemplified Compound 12. Data are mean values with standard deviations shown.
- FIG. 4 (A) The treatment of LPS-induced inflammation with Exemplified compound 12 results in a decreased amount of secreted TNF ⁇ and IL-6 in the plasma of the mice. (B) The inhibition of TNFa by Example 11 and 12 is comparable to clinically relevant TNF antagonists [Adalimumab (Humira ® ), Etanercept]. Data is presented as means with standard deviations. One factorial analysis of variance ANOVA followed by multiple comparison analysis to the LPS control group using Dunnet's test; * p ⁇ 0.05; ** p ⁇ 0.01; *** p ⁇ 0.001; **** p ⁇ 0.0001.
- Figure 5 Anti-inflammatory effects of Example Compound 11 in the animal model of arthritis (adjuvant-induced rat model).
- E In addition, a significant inhibition of hyperalgesia, measured by the grip strength of the mice, was observed during the course of the experiment.
- Figure E means grip strength, "days” means days after arthritis induction.
- Figure 6 Anti-inflammatory effects of Example Compound 12 in the animal model of arthritis (collagen antibody-induced mouse model, CAIA). Significant and dose-dependent inhibition of arthritic joint inflammation after prophylactic (day 0) (A) or therapeutic treatment (> day 9) (B) as measured by the Disease Activity Score. (C) Histopathological analysis of the arthritic joints by hematoxylin-eosin staining confirmed the anti-inflammatory effect after therapeutic treatment. The inhibition of arthritis by the example compound 12. The data correspond to the means + standard deviations.
- Figure 7 Anti-inflammatory effect of Exemplified Compound 12 in the animal model of multiple Skerose (MOG induced EAE mouse 33 -35 model) in comparison to teriflunomide and prednisolone.
- the data correspond to the means + standard deviations.
- FIG. 8 The anti-inflammatory effect of Example Compound 12 in the animal model of psoriasis (IMQ-induced mouse model). Significant inhibition of the clinical score (A), which includes the clinical symptoms of erythema, desquamation and back skin thickness, as well as the histopathological evaluation of the ears (B) or the back skin (C), which assesses the pathological parameters parakeratosis, inflammation and exocytosis.
- A clinical score
- B histopathological evaluation of the ears
- C back skin
- Figure 9 Anti-inflammatory effects of Example 12 in the animal model of TH1-mediated dermatitis (DNFB-induced mouse dermatitis model). Significant and dose-dependent inhibition of dermatitis expressed in terms of ear weight (in mg), which correlates with edema formation in the course of inflammation. The statistical significance between DNFB control and treatment groups was calculated by means of one-way analysis of variance ANOVA followed by Dunnet's test (* p ⁇ 0.05, ** p ⁇ 0.01, p ⁇ 0.001, **** p ⁇ 0.0001 ).
- “mg" on the y-axis means earweight; ctrl - healthy control; irritant - irritation control.
- FIG. 10 Anti-inflammatory effects of Example Compound 12 in the animal model of TH2-mediated dermal inflammation (TMA-induced mouse dermatitis model). Inhibition of dermatitis presented as an increase in ear thickness (delta [delta] ear thickness in mm) compared to baseline. An increase in ear thickness is considered a measure of the inflammation and represents the formation of edema in the ear tissue in the course of the inflammatory reaction. Abbreviations: "mm" on the y-axis indicates the change (delta) in the ear thickness, ctrl - healthy control.
- Figure 11 The anti-inflammatory effect of Example Compound 12 in the animal model of systemic lupus erythematosus (pristan-induced mouse model). Significant inhibition of renal damage demonstrated by histopathological assessments of kidney. The data correspond to the mean values + standard deviations. Statistical significance between SLE control and treatment groups was calculated by means of one-factorial ANOVA analysis with subsequent multiple comparison analysis (Dunnet's test) (* p ⁇ 0.05, ** p ⁇ 0.01, p ⁇ 0.001, **** p ⁇ 0.0001 ).
- Score means renal histopathology Score
- IRAK4i means IRAK4 inhibitor, here example compound 11
- CPA - cyclophosphamide ctrl. - healthy control
- 2x - twice a day
- Figure 12 Anti-inflammatory effect of Example Compound 12 in the Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) animal model (DSS-induced mouse colitis). Significant inhibition of intestinal inflammation including ulceration determined by means of an endoscopy on Day 16. The endoscopic evaluation was carried out by means of a score system for the severity and extent of colonic inflammation. The data correspond to the mean values + standard deviations. Statistical significance between DSS control and treatment groups was calculated by means of one-factorial ANOVA analysis with subsequent multiple comparison analysis (Dunnet's test) (* p ⁇ 0.05, ** p ⁇ 0.01, p ⁇ 0.001, **** p ⁇ 0.0001 ).
- Score means endoscopy score
- IRAK4i means IRAK4 inhibitor, here example compound 11
- BID twice daily
- Q3D every third day.
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KR1020187034445A KR102460362B1 (ko) | 2016-06-01 | 2017-05-24 | 자가면역 질환의 치료 및 예방을 위한 2-치환된 인다졸의 용도 |
EP17725268.1A EP3463354A1 (de) | 2016-06-01 | 2017-05-24 | Verwendung von 2-substituierten indazolen zur behandlung und prophylaxe von autoimmunerkrankungen |
SG11201810769QA SG11201810769QA (en) | 2016-06-01 | 2017-05-24 | Use of 2-substituted indazoles for the treatment and prophylaxis of autoimmune diseases |
NZ748907A NZ748907A (en) | 2016-06-01 | 2017-05-24 | Use of 2-substituted indazoles for the treatment and prophylaxis of autoimmune diseases |
UAA201812728A UA123916C2 (uk) | 2016-06-01 | 2017-05-24 | Застосування 2-заміщених індазолів для лікування і профілактики аутоімунних захворювань |
AU2017273771A AU2017273771B2 (en) | 2016-06-01 | 2017-05-24 | Use of 2-substituted indazoles for the treatment and prophylaxis of autoimmune diseases |
US16/306,506 US20190125736A1 (en) | 2016-06-01 | 2017-05-24 | Use of 2-substituted indazoles for the treatment and prophylaxis of autoimmune diseases |
JP2018562651A JP7099966B2 (ja) | 2016-06-01 | 2017-05-24 | 自己免疫疾患を治療および予防するための2-置換インダゾールの使用 |
TNP/2018/000409A TN2018000409A1 (en) | 2016-06-01 | 2017-05-24 | Use of 2-substituted indazoles for the treatment and prophylaxis of autoimmune diseases |
BR112018074919-2A BR112018074919A2 (pt) | 2016-06-01 | 2017-05-24 | uso de indazóis 2-substituídos para tratamento e profilaxia de doenças autoimunes. |
MX2018014897A MX2018014897A (es) | 2016-06-01 | 2017-05-24 | Uso de indazoles 2-sustituidos para el tratamiento y la profilaxis de trastornos autoinmunes. |
EA201892790A EA201892790A1 (ru) | 2016-06-01 | 2017-05-24 | Применение 2-замещенных индазолов для лечения и профилактики аутоиммунных заболеваний |
CN201780032157.4A CN109152771B (zh) | 2016-06-01 | 2017-05-24 | 2-取代的吲唑用于治疗和预防自身免疫疾病的用途 |
CA3025826A CA3025826A1 (en) | 2016-06-01 | 2017-05-24 | Use of 2-substituted indazoles for the treatment and prophylaxis of autoimmune diseases |
IL263230A IL263230B (en) | 2016-06-01 | 2018-11-22 | Use of indazoles converted in position 2 for the treatment and prevention of autoimmune diseases |
PH12018502531A PH12018502531A1 (en) | 2016-06-01 | 2018-11-29 | Use of 2-substituted indazoles for the treatment and prophylaxis of autoimmune dieases |
HK19101391.2A HK1258914A1 (zh) | 2016-06-01 | 2019-01-28 | 2-取代的吲唑用於治療和預防自身免疫疾病的用途 |
US16/863,330 US20210085664A1 (en) | 2016-06-01 | 2020-04-30 | Use of 2-substituted indazoles for the treatment and prophylaxis of autoimmune diseases |
US17/673,644 US20220249456A1 (en) | 2016-06-01 | 2022-02-16 | Use of 2-substituted indazoles for the treatment and prophylaxis of autoimmune diseases |
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US16/863,330 Continuation US20210085664A1 (en) | 2016-06-01 | 2020-04-30 | Use of 2-substituted indazoles for the treatment and prophylaxis of autoimmune diseases |
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EP (1) | EP3463354A1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP7099966B2 (de) |
KR (1) | KR102460362B1 (de) |
CN (1) | CN109152771B (de) |
AU (1) | AU2017273771B2 (de) |
BR (1) | BR112018074919A2 (de) |
CA (1) | CA3025826A1 (de) |
CL (1) | CL2018003409A1 (de) |
EA (1) | EA201892790A1 (de) |
HK (1) | HK1258914A1 (de) |
IL (1) | IL263230B (de) |
JO (1) | JOP20170136B1 (de) |
MA (1) | MA45089A (de) |
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NZ (1) | NZ748907A (de) |
PH (1) | PH12018502531A1 (de) |
SG (2) | SG11201810769QA (de) |
TN (1) | TN2018000409A1 (de) |
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US10435396B2 (en) | 2016-03-03 | 2019-10-08 | Bayer Pharma Aktiegesellschaft | 2-substituted indazoles, methods for producing same, pharmaceutical preparations that contain same, and use of same to produce drugs |
US10501437B2 (en) | 2016-04-29 | 2019-12-10 | Bayer Pharma Aktiengesellschaft | Crystalline forms of N-[2-(3-Hydroxy-3-methylbutyl)-6-(2-hydroxypropan-2-yl)-2H-indazol-5-yl]-6-(trifluoromethyl)pyridine-2-carboxamide |
US10501417B2 (en) | 2016-04-29 | 2019-12-10 | Bayer Pharma Aktiengesellschaft | Synthesis of indazoles |
US10793545B2 (en) | 2014-11-26 | 2020-10-06 | Bayer Pharma Aktiengesellschaft | Substituted indazoles, methods for the production thereof, pharmaceutical preparations that contain said new substituted indazoles, and use of said new substituted indazoles to produce drugs |
WO2020200899A1 (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2020-10-08 | Galapagos Nv | Novel compounds and pharmaceutical compositions thereof for the treatment of inflammatory disorders |
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JP2021534140A (ja) * | 2018-08-13 | 2021-12-09 | ギリアード サイエンシーズ, インコーポレイテッド | IRAK4阻害剤としてのピロロ[1,2−b]ピリダジン誘導体 |
WO2022122876A1 (en) | 2020-12-10 | 2022-06-16 | Astrazeneca Ab | N-(imidazo[1,2-b]pyridazin-3-yl)-1-cyclohexyl-2h-indazole-5-carboxamide and n-(pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-3-yl)-1-cyclohexyl-2h-indazole-5-carboxamide derivatives as irak4 inhibitors for the treatment of asthma |
WO2022267673A1 (zh) | 2021-06-21 | 2022-12-29 | 上海勋和医药科技有限公司 | 一种亚磺酰亚胺取代的吲唑类irak4激酶抑制剂、制备方法及用途 |
WO2023152349A1 (en) | 2022-02-14 | 2023-08-17 | Astrazeneca Ab | Irak4 inhibitors |
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CN111499612B (zh) * | 2019-01-30 | 2022-12-30 | 上海美悦生物科技发展有限公司 | 一种作为irak抑制剂的化合物及其制备方法和用途 |
CN113521079A (zh) * | 2020-04-20 | 2021-10-22 | 上海领泰生物医药科技有限公司 | Irak4抑制剂在治疗ali/ards中的应用 |
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