WO2017206775A1 - 一种割胶机及割胶方法 - Google Patents

一种割胶机及割胶方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017206775A1
WO2017206775A1 PCT/CN2017/085691 CN2017085691W WO2017206775A1 WO 2017206775 A1 WO2017206775 A1 WO 2017206775A1 CN 2017085691 W CN2017085691 W CN 2017085691W WO 2017206775 A1 WO2017206775 A1 WO 2017206775A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
tool holder
tapping
rubber
cutter head
tapping machine
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PCT/CN2017/085691
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
许振昆
吴纪营
张兴明
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青岛中创维森精工科技有限责任公司
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Publication of WO2017206775A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017206775A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G23/00—Forestry
    • A01G23/10—Tapping of tree-juices, e.g. caoutchouc, gum
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G23/00—Forestry
    • A01G23/10—Tapping of tree-juices, e.g. caoutchouc, gum
    • A01G23/12—Knives or axes for tapping

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a tapping machine for rubber tree bark cutting and a tapping method in the field.
  • Chinese invention patent application CN104429813A discloses a tapping machine, which comprises a tree fixing frame and two annular planetary gear shells respectively mounted on the upper and lower ends of the binding tree fixing frame, and a vector moving tool holder assembly is arranged between the two planetary gear housings;
  • the moving tool holder assembly is provided with a gear shaft, the vector moving tool holder assembly is provided with a motor and a rubber cutting tool holder with a rack and pinion;
  • the rubber cutting knife assembly is provided with a rubber cutting knife assembly, and the top end of the rubber cutting knife assembly is connected with the screw, rotating
  • the lead screw allows the rubber knife assembly to move up and down within the rubber cutter holder.
  • the tapping tool holder of the tapping machine adopts the transmission mode of the rack and pinion, and the failure rate is high and the installation is troublesome.
  • the screw rod extends out of the tapping machine, which not only takes up a large space, but also affects the overall appearance and is easy to be damaged.
  • the position of the cutter head of the rubber tapping machine is fixed, and the surface of the rubber bark is irregular.
  • Such a structure enables the tapping machine not only to cut off the surface depression of the rubber bark during the tapping process, but also to be easily surfaced by the rubber bark.
  • the convex part is stuck, and the continuous cutting problem of the surface of the irregular rubber bark cannot be well solved.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an automatic mechanical machine to replace the manual tapping machine and the tapping method.
  • a tapping machine is improved in that the tapping machine comprises a fixing frame, and the top surface and the bottom surface of the fixing frame are respectively oppositely arranged with the annular planetary teeth, and the tool holder assembly is installed between the top surface and the bottom surface of the fixing frame.
  • the cutter holder assembly is mounted with a lead screw in a vertical direction.
  • the rubber cutter assembly is mounted on the lead screw and can be moved up and down along the lead screw by the lead screw.
  • the rubber cutter assembly includes a wire mounted on the wire.
  • a knife holder on the bar and movable up and down along the screw rod, one side of the blade swing arm is hinged to the tool holder by a torsion spring, and the other side is hinged to the swing seat, and the cutter head angle adjustment seat is mounted on the swing seat, the cutter head
  • the top end of the angle adjusting seat is provided with a cutter head and a knife depth limiting member
  • the knife holder is further provided with a closing assembly capable of pulling the blade swing arm toward the tool holder against the torsion spring elastic force
  • the main assembly of the knife holder assembly is also installed
  • the motor and the gear set, the main motor drives the lead screw through the gear set and the double-toothed teeth installed at the two ends of the tool holder assembly in the vertical direction, and the double-connected teeth at the two ends respectively mesh with the planetary teeth of the top surface and the bottom surface of the fixed frame.
  • the outer surfaces of the top surface and the bottom surface of the fixing frame are respectively provided with a rubber cutting machine fixing claw, the root portion of the rubber cutting machine fixing claw is hinged with the outer surface of the fixing frame, and the top of the rubber cutting machine fixing claw is provided with an abutting portion, the abutting The root of the portion is hinged to the tapping claw of the tapping machine, and a rope hole through which the strap passes is provided on the abutting portion.
  • the fixing bracket top surface and the bottom tapping machine fixing claws are three in number, and are respectively disposed at an end portion of the top surface and the bottom surface and an inner middle portion corresponding to the end portion.
  • two pairs of the corresponding lugs are respectively disposed on the top surface and the bottom surface of the fixing frame, and each pair of the lugs is connected by a rail longitudinal fixing rod.
  • top surface and the bottom surface of the fixing frame are connected and fixed by a rail longitudinal fixing plate, and the rail longitudinal fixing plates are connected and fixed by a rail lateral fixing plate.
  • the swing arm seat is mounted on the tool holder, and the swing arm of the cutter head is hinged to the swing arm seat through the torsion spring.
  • the cutter head angle seat can be rotated along the swing seat to adjust the tapping angle of the tip end of the cutter head.
  • the knife depth limiting member is strip-shaped, and the strip ends have arc-shaped protrusions respectively.
  • the closing assembly is a closing motor, and the closing motor moves the cutter arm to the tool holder by pulling the wire.
  • a fixed position column is respectively arranged on the two sides of the lead screw in the vertical direction of the tool holder assembly, and the tool holder penetrates into the two limit columns and can be driven by the lead screw Slide up and down along the limit column.
  • the tool holder assembly is provided with a limit wheel at both end edges of the vertical direction.
  • a tapping method comprising the following steps:
  • the tapping machine disclosed by the invention replaces the manual with the automatic machine, realizes the automatic unloading of the rubber tree, and solves the problem that the labor intensity of the manual tapping is large and the manual tapping is not refined.
  • one side of the swing arm of the cutter head is hinged to the tool holder through a torsion spring, and the other side is hinged to the swing seat, and the cutter head angle adjustment seat is mounted on the swing seat, and the top end of the cutter head angle adjustment seat
  • the cutter head and the knife depth limiter are installed, and the knife holder is also provided with a cutter assembly that can overcome the torsion spring force to pull the cutter head arm toward the tool holder.
  • the structural design can make the blade swing arm be biased toward the rubber bark as much as possible under the action of the torsion spring elastic force after the cutter assembly loosens the blade swing arm, and the swing seat is hinged with the cutter head swing arm, that is, the swing seat can be
  • the swinging arm swings around the cutter head, and the cutter head and the knife depth limiter are mounted to the swing seat through the cutter head angle seat, so that the knife depth limiter can fluctuate with the undulation of the rubber bark surface during the tapping process, always The surface of the rubber bark is pressed against the surface of the rubber bark, and the position between the cutter head and the knife depth limiter is fixed, so that the cutter head is always kept substantially perpendicular to the surface of the rubber bark, thereby achieving continuous cutting of the irregular rubber bark surface and ensuring continuous cutting.
  • the knife depth limiting member is strip-shaped, and the two ends of the strip have arc-shaped protrusions respectively, and the arc-shaped protrusions at both ends of the knife-depth limiting member respectively abut against the surface of the rubber bark during the tapping process, so that the knife depth
  • the stopper is located close to the tangential direction of the surface of the rubber bark, thereby further ensuring that the cutter head is always cut substantially perpendicular to the surface of the rubber bark.
  • the swing arm seat is mounted on the tool holder, and the torsion spring is installed in the swing arm seat, so that the swing arm of the cutter head is hinged to the tool holder through the torsion spring.
  • the tool holder penetrates into the limit column and can slide up and down along the limit column to avoid swinging when the tool holder moves up and down along the screw rod by increasing the weight of the knife assembly.
  • the tapping machine is tightly connected with the rubber tree by providing a rubber cutting machine fixing claw.
  • lugs By providing lugs, rail longitudinal fixing bars, rail longitudinal fixing plates, and rail lateral fixing plates to strengthen their structure, making it more durable.
  • the annular planetary teeth of the top surface and the bottom surface of the fixing frame and the end portions of the top surface and the bottom surface are left with non-toothed gaps; the tool holder assembly is located at both end edges in the vertical direction.
  • the limit wheel is installed, and the gap without the tooth can move the tool holder assembly to the end of the planetary tooth, and if the main motor continues to run, the rubber knife assembly can move down along the screw. The distance is moved to a position lower than the last tapping start position to change the tapping path of the tapping machine on the rubber bark; the limit wheel facilitates the movement of the tool holder assembly on the planet teeth Carry out the limit.
  • the tapping knife assembly is cut clockwise from bottom to top when tapping, so that the cut glue drops are prevented from affecting the yield on the tapping knife assembly.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a tapping machine disclosed in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of each part of the tapping machine disclosed in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a tool holder assembly disclosed in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a rubber knife assembly disclosed in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a exploded exploded view of the rubber knife assembly disclosed in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • Embodiment 1 as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, this embodiment discloses a tapping machine.
  • the tapping machine includes a fixing frame 1.
  • the top surface and the bottom surface of the fixing frame 1 are respectively oppositely disposed with the annular planetary teeth 2, and the fixing frame
  • a tool holder assembly 3 is mounted between the top surface and the bottom surface of 1.
  • the outer surfaces of the top surface and the bottom surface of the fixing frame 1 are respectively provided with a rubber cutting machine fixing claw 4, the root portion of the rubber cutting machine fixing claw 4 is hinged with the outer surface of the fixing frame 1, and the top of the rubber cutting machine fixing claw 4 is provided with an abutting portion 41, The root of the abutting portion 41 is hinged to the tapping machine fixing claw 4, and a rope hole through which the band is passed is provided on the abutting portion 41.
  • the number of the top and bottom tapping machine fixing claws 4 of the fixing frame 1 are three, and the end portions and the end portions of the top surface and the bottom surface are respectively disposed. Corresponding inner middle.
  • Two pairs of the corresponding lugs 5 are respectively disposed on the top surface and the bottom surface of the fixing frame 1, and each pair of lugs 5 are connected by a rail longitudinal fixing rod 51.
  • the top surface and the bottom surface of the fixing frame 1 are connected and fixed by the rail longitudinal fixing plate 6, and the rail longitudinal fixing plates 6 are connected and fixed by the rail lateral fixing plate 7.
  • a gap 8 with no teeth is left between the annular planet teeth of the top and bottom surfaces of the fixing frame 1 and the ends of the top surface and the bottom surface.
  • the tapping machine is tightly connected to the rubber tree by providing a rubber cutting machine fixing claw.
  • lugs, rail longitudinal fixing bars, rail longitudinal fixing plates, and rail lateral fixing plates to strengthen their structure, making it more durable.
  • the non-toothed gap is left between the annular planet teeth of the top and bottom surfaces of the fixing frame and the ends of the top surface and the bottom surface.
  • the non-toothed space can no longer move the tool holder assembly to the end of the planetary tooth.
  • the line moves, and if the main motor continues to run at this time, the tapping knife assembly can move down a certain distance along the screw to realize that the tapping knife assembly moves down to the previous time.
  • the tapping start position is lower to change the tapping path of the tapping machine on the rubber bark.
  • a lead screw 31 is mounted in the vertical direction of the tool holder assembly 3 disclosed in the embodiment.
  • the rubber cutter assembly 32 is mounted on the lead screw 31 and can be driven by the lead screw 31.
  • the lower lead screw 31 moves up and down, and the main motor 33 and the gear set 34 are further mounted on the tool holder assembly 3.
  • the main motor 33 drives the lead screw 31 through the gear set 34 and is mounted in the vertical direction of the tool holder assembly 3
  • the double teeth 35 of the end rotate, and the double teeth 35 at both ends mesh with the planet teeth 2 of the top and bottom surfaces of the fixed frame 1, respectively.
  • a limit post 36 is mounted on each side of the lead screw 31 in the vertical direction of the lead frame assembly 3, and the tool holder 37 penetrates into the two limit posts 36, and can be inserted into the lead screw 31. The lower edge slides along the limit post 36.
  • the tool holder assembly 3 is provided with a limit wheel 38 at both end edges in the vertical direction.
  • the tool holder penetrates into the limit column and can slide up and down along the limit column to avoid swinging when the tool holder moves up and down along the screw rod by increasing the weight of the knife assembly.
  • the limit wheel facilitates the position of the tool holder assembly on the planet teeth.
  • the rubber knife assembly 32 disclosed in the embodiment includes a tool holder 37 mounted on the lead screw 31 and movable up and down along the screw shaft 31.
  • One side of the cutter head arm 321 passes through the torsion spring 322. It is hinged to the tool holder 37, and the other side is hinged to the swing seat 323.
  • the swing seat 323 is provided with a cutter angle seat 324.
  • the top end of the cutter head angle seat 324 is mounted with a cutter head 325 and a knife depth limit member 326.
  • the knife depth limiting member 326 has a strip shape with arcuate protrusions 3261 at both ends of the strip, and the knife corner adjusting seat 324 is rotatable along the swinging seat 323 to adjust the tapping angle of the tip end 325.
  • the swing arm seat 327 is mounted on the tool holder 37, and the cutter head arm 321 is hinged to the swing arm seat 327 via the torsion spring 322.
  • the tool holder 37 is further provided with a knife assembly 328 which can overcome the elastic force of the torsion spring 322 to pull the blade swing arm 321 toward the tool holder 37.
  • the knife assembly 328 can suck the blade arm 321 to the tool holder by magnetic force.
  • the electromagnetic component of 37 may also be a mechanical traction component that pulls the cutter arm 321 toward the tool holder 37 by a pulling device.
  • the knife assembly is a knife motor. The closing motor moves the tool holder arm to the tool holder by pulling the wire.
  • the rubber knife assembly disclosed in the embodiment can make the blade swing arm be biased toward the rubber bark as much as possible under the action of the torsion spring elastic force after the cutter assembly loosens the blade swing arm, and the swing seat and the cutter head swing arm phase Hinged, that is, the swinging seat can swing around the cutter arm, and the cutter head and the knife depth limiter are mounted to the swing seat through the cutter head angle seat, so that the knife depth limiter can be used with the rubber bark surface during the tapping process
  • the undulating and undulating, always against the surface of the rubber bark, and the position between the cutter head and the knife depth limiter is fixed, so as to ensure that the cutter head is always cut substantially perpendicular to the surface of the rubber bark, and the irregular rubber bark surface is realized.
  • the knife depth limiting member is strip-shaped, and the two ends of the strip have arc-shaped protrusions respectively, and the arc-shaped protrusions at both ends of the knife-depth limiting member respectively abut against the surface of the rubber bark during the tapping process, so that the knife depth
  • the stopper is located close to the tangential direction of the surface of the rubber bark, thereby further ensuring that the cutter head is always cut substantially perpendicular to the surface of the rubber bark.
  • the swing arm seat is mounted on the tool holder, and the torsion spring is installed in the swing arm seat, so that the swing arm of the cutter head and the tool holder are hinged through the torsion spring. Pick up.
  • the tapping knife assembly is cut clockwise from bottom to top when tapping, so that the cut glue drops are not affected on the tapping knife assembly.

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Abstract

公开了一种割胶机及其割胶方法。割胶机包括固定架（1），固定架（1）的顶面和底面分别相对设置环形行星齿（2），固定架（1）的顶面和底面之间安装刀架总成（3），所述的刀架总成（3）内沿竖向方向安装一根丝杠（31），割胶刀组件（32）安装在丝杠（31）上，并可以在丝杠的带动下沿丝杠上下移动，所述的割胶刀组件（32）包括安装在丝杠上并可沿丝杠上下移动的刀架（37），刀头摆臂（321）的一侧通过扭簧（322）与刀架（37）相铰接，另一侧与摆动座（323）相铰接，摆动座（323）上安装刀头调角座（324），刀头调角座（324）的顶端安装刀头（325）和刀深限位件（326），刀架（37）上还安装可以克服扭簧（322）弹力把刀头摆臂（321）拉向刀架（37）的收刀组件（328）。该割胶机以自动化机械替代人工，对橡胶树实现无人自动割胶，最大程度解决了人工割胶劳动强度大，以及人工割胶不够精细化的问题。

Description

一种割胶机及割胶方法 技术领域
本发明涉及农业机械领域，具体的说涉及该领域中的一种用于橡胶树树皮切割的割胶机及割胶方法。
背景技术
自从人类发现可以从橡胶树采集天然橡胶以来，使橡胶树皮形成流胶滑道的方法，始终是人工手持割胶刀切割；虽然近代开始有电动割胶刀出现，但是仍然需要人工手持操作。
中国发明专利申请CN104429813A公开了一种割胶机，包括绑树固定架和分别安装于绑树固定架上下两端的两个环形行星齿轮外壳，两行星齿轮外壳之间设置矢量移动刀架总成；矢量移动刀架总成上设置齿轮轴，矢量移动刀架总成内设置马达和带齿轮齿条的割胶刀架；割胶刀架内设置割胶刀总成，割胶刀总成的顶端连接丝杠，转动丝杠可使割胶刀总成在割胶刀架内上下移动。这种割胶机的割胶刀架采用齿轮齿条的传动方式，故障率高且安装麻烦，丝杠伸出割胶机外，不但占用空间大，影响整体美观，而且容易损坏。此外，这种割胶机的刀头位置固定，而橡胶树皮的表面不规则，这样的结构使该割胶机在割胶过程中，不但割不到橡胶树皮的表面凹陷部位，而且容易被橡胶树皮的表面凸起部位卡住，不能很好的解决不规则橡胶树皮表面的连续切割问题。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题，就是提供一种以自动化机械替代人工的割胶机及割胶方法。
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明采用如下技术方案：
一种割胶机，其改进之处在于：所述的割胶机包括固定架，固定架的顶面和底面分别相对设置环形行星齿，固定架的顶面和底面之间安装刀架总成，所述的刀架总成内沿竖向方向安装一根丝杠，割胶刀组件安装在丝杠上，并可以在丝杠的带动下沿丝杠上下移动，所述的割胶刀组件包括安装在丝杠上并可沿丝杠上下移动的刀架，刀头摆臂的一侧通过扭簧与刀架相铰接，另一侧与摆动座相铰接，摆动座上安装刀头调角座，刀头调角座的顶端安装刀头和刀深限位件，刀架上还安装可以克服扭簧弹力把刀头摆臂拉向刀架的收刀组件，所述的刀架总成上还安装主电机和齿轮组，主电机通过齿轮组带动丝杠和安装在刀架总成竖向方向两端的双联齿转动，两端的双联齿则分别与固定架顶面和底面的行星齿相啮合。
进一步的，所述固定架顶面和底面的外表面分别设置割胶机固定爪，所述割胶机固定爪的根部与固定架外表面相铰接，割胶机固定爪的顶部设置抵紧部，该抵紧部的根部与割胶机固定爪相铰接，并且在抵紧部上设置供扎带穿过的绳孔。
进一步的，所述固定架顶面和底面割胶机固定爪的数量均为三个，分别设置在顶面和底面的端部及与端部相对应的内侧中部。
进一步的，所述固定架的顶面和底面上分别设置两对以上相互对应的凸耳，每对凸耳之间以轨道纵向固定棒相连接。
进一步的，所述固定架的顶面和底面之间通过轨道纵向固定板连接固定，轨道纵向固定板之间则通过轨道横向固定板连接固定。
进一步的，所述固定架顶面和底面的环形行星齿与顶面和底面的端部之间均留有不带齿的空隙。
进一步的，所述的刀架上安装摆臂座，刀头摆臂通过扭簧与摆臂座相铰接。
进一步的，所述的刀头调角座可沿摆动座转动以调整其顶端刀头的割胶角度。
进一步的，所述的刀深限位件为条形，条形两端分别带有弧形凸起。
进一步的，所述的收刀组件为收刀电机，该收刀电机通过拉丝拉动刀头摆臂向刀架移动。
进一步的，所述的刀架总成内沿竖向方向分别在丝杠的两侧各安装一根限位柱，刀架穿入上述两根限位柱内，并可在丝杠的带动下沿限位柱上下滑动。
进一步的，刀架总成在竖向方向的两端边缘位置均安装有限位轮。
一种割胶方法，其改进之处在于，包括如下步骤：
(1)把割胶机套至橡胶树上，调整割胶机固定爪及其上的抵紧部至与橡胶树皮紧密接触，绑紧扎带，使割胶机固定在橡胶树上；
(2)转动刀头调角座，调整刀头至适当的割胶角度，收刀电机松开拉丝，刀头摆臂在扭簧弹力的作用下伸出，使刀头切入橡胶树皮内，刀深限位件抵紧橡胶树皮；
(3)启动刀架总成上的主电机，使刀架总成绕固定架顺时针转动的同时，割胶刀组件在丝杠的带动下沿丝杠由下向上移动，割胶开始；
(4)刀架总成顺时针移动至行星齿末端时主电机停止，收刀电机拉紧拉丝把刀头摆臂拉回刀架，使刀头和刀深限位件脱离橡胶树皮；
(5)启动刀架总成上的主电机，使刀架总成绕固定架逆时针转动的同时，割胶刀组件在丝杠的带动下沿丝杠由上向下移动，复位开始；
(6)刀架总成逆时针移动至行星齿末端时主电机继续运行一定时间后停止，使割胶刀组件沿丝杠多向下移动一定的距离，从而使割胶刀组件下移至比步骤(3)的开始割胶位置更低的位置；
(7)收刀电机松开拉丝，刀头摆臂在扭簧弹力的作用下伸出，使刀头切入橡胶树皮内，刀深限位件抵紧橡胶树皮；
(8)重复上述步骤(3)-(7)，直至整个割胶过程结束。
本发明的有益效果是：
本发明所公开的割胶机，以自动化机械替代人工，对橡胶树实现无人自动割胶，最大程度解决了人工割胶劳动强度大，以及人工割胶不够精细化的问题。
本发明所公开的割胶机，刀头摆臂的一侧通过扭簧与刀架相铰接，另一侧与摆动座相铰接，摆动座上安装刀头调角座，刀头调角座的顶端安装刀头和刀深限位件，刀架上还安装可以克服扭簧弹力把刀头摆臂拉向刀架的收刀组件。这种结构设计在收刀组件松开刀头摆臂后，可以使刀头摆臂在扭簧弹力的作用下尽可能的偏向橡胶树皮，摆动座与刀头摆臂相铰接，即摆动座可以绕刀头摆臂摆动，而刀头和刀深限位件则通过刀头调角座安装至摆动座，这样可以使刀深限位件在割胶过程中随橡胶树皮表面的起伏而起伏，始终抵紧橡胶树皮的表面，而刀头和刀深限位件之间的位置固定，从而保证刀头始终保持基本垂直于橡胶树皮表面切割，既实现了不规则橡胶树皮表面的连续切割，又保证了切割质量。所述的刀深限位件为条形，条形两端分别带有弧形凸起，在割胶过程中刀深限位件两端的弧形凸起分别抵紧橡胶树皮的表面，使刀深限位件位于接近橡胶树皮表面切线方向的位置，从而进一步保证刀头始终保持基本垂直于橡胶树皮表面切割。刀架上安装摆臂座，扭簧安装于摆臂座内，方便刀头摆臂通过扭簧与刀架相铰接。刀架穿入限位柱内，并可沿限位柱上下滑动，避免因增加收刀组件增加重量而使刀架沿丝杠上下移动时发生摆动。
本发明所公开的割胶机，通过设置割胶机固定爪使割胶机与橡胶树紧密连接。通过设置凸耳，轨道纵向固定棒，轨道纵向固定板，轨道横向固定板来强化自身的结构，使之更加坚固耐用。
本发明所公开的割胶机，固定架顶面和底面的环形行星齿与顶面和底面的端部之间均留有不带齿的空隙；刀架总成在竖向方向的两端边缘位置均安装有限位轮，不带齿的空隙使刀架总成移动至行星齿末端时即无法再行移动，而如果此时主电机继续运行则割胶刀组件可以沿丝杠多向下移动一定的距离，实现割胶刀组件下移至比上一次割胶开始位置更低的位置，以变换割胶机在橡胶树皮上的割胶轨迹；限位轮方便对刀架总成在行星齿上的移动位置 进行限位。
本发明所公开的割胶方法，割胶时割胶刀组件顺时针由下向上割，避免割出的胶滴在割胶刀组件上影响产量。
附图说明
图1是本发明实施例1所公开的割胶机的结构示意图；
图2是本发明实施例1所公开的割胶机各部分的分解示意图；
图3是本发明实施例1所公开的刀架总成的结构示意图；
图4是本发明实施例1所公开的刀架总成各部分的分解示意图；
图5是本发明实施例1所公开的割胶刀组件的结构示意图；
图6是本发明实施例1所公开的割胶刀组件的爆炸分解示意图。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合附图和实施例，对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。
实施例1，如图1，2所示，本实施例公开了一种割胶机，所述的割胶机包括固定架1，固定架1的顶面和底面分别相对设置环形行星齿2，固定架1的顶面和底面之间安装刀架总成3。所述固定架1顶面和底面的外表面分别设置割胶机固定爪4，所述割胶机固定爪4的根部与固定架1外表面相铰接，割胶机固定爪4的顶部设置抵紧部41，该抵紧部41的根部与割胶机固定爪4相铰接，并且在抵紧部41上设置供扎带穿过的绳孔。作为一种可供选择的方式，在本实施例中，所述固定架1顶面和底面割胶机固定爪4的数量均为三个，分别设置在顶面和底面的端部及与端部相对应的内侧中部。所述固定架1的顶面和底面上分别设置两对以上相互对应的凸耳5，每对凸耳5之间以轨道纵向固定棒51相连接。所述固定架1的顶面和底面之间通过轨道纵向固定板6连接固定，轨道纵向固定板6之间则通过轨道横向固定板7连接固定。所述固定架1顶面和底面的环形行星齿与顶面和底面的端部之间均留有不带齿的空隙8。
本实施例所公开的割胶机，通过设置割胶机固定爪使割胶机与橡胶树紧密连接。通过设置凸耳，轨道纵向固定棒，轨道纵向固定板，轨道横向固定板来强化自身的结构，使之更加坚固耐用。而固定架顶面和底面的环形行星齿与顶面和底面的端部之间均留有不带齿的空隙，该不带齿的空隙使刀架总成移动至行星齿末端时即无法再行移动，而如果此时主电机继续运行则割胶刀组件可以沿丝杠多向下移动一定的距离，实现割胶刀组件下移至比上一次 割胶开始位置更低的位置，以变换割胶机在橡胶树皮上的割胶轨迹。
如图3，4所示，本实施例所公开的刀架总成3内沿竖向方向安装一根丝杠31，割胶刀组件32安装在丝杠31上，并可以在丝杠31的带动下沿丝杠31上下移动，所述的刀架总成3上还安装主电机33和齿轮组34，主电机33通过齿轮组34带动丝杠31和安装在刀架总成3竖向方向两端的双联齿35转动，两端的双联齿35则分别与固定架1顶面和底面的行星齿2相啮合。所述的刀架总成3内沿竖向方向分别在丝杠31的两侧各安装一根限位柱36，刀架37穿入上述两根限位柱36内，并可在丝杠31的带动下沿限位柱36上下滑动。刀架总成3在竖向方向的两端边缘位置均安装有限位轮38。
本实施例所公开的割胶机，刀架穿入限位柱内，并可沿限位柱上下滑动，避免因增加收刀组件增加重量而使刀架沿丝杠上下移动时发生摆动。限位轮方便对刀架总成在行星齿上的移动位置进行限位。
如图5，6所示，本实施例所公开的割胶刀组件32包括安装在丝杠31上并可沿丝杠31上下移动的刀架37，刀头摆臂321的一侧通过扭簧322与刀架37相铰接，另一侧与摆动座323相铰接，摆动座323上安装刀头调角座324，刀头调角座324的顶端安装刀头325和刀深限位件326，该刀深限位件326为条形，条形两端分别带有弧形凸起3261，该刀头调角座324可沿摆动座323转动以调整其顶端刀头325的割胶角度。在本实施例中，所述的刀架37上安装摆臂座327，刀头摆臂321通过扭簧322与摆臂座327相铰接。刀架37上还安装可以克服扭簧322弹力把刀头摆臂321拉向刀架37的收刀组件328，所述的收刀组件328可以是通过磁力把刀头摆臂321吸至刀架37的电磁部件，也可以是通过牵引装置把刀头摆臂321拉向刀架37的机械牵引部件，作为一种可供选择的方式，在本实施例中，收刀组件为收刀电机，该收刀电机通过拉丝拉动刀头摆臂向刀架移动。
本实施例所公开的割胶刀组件，在收刀组件松开刀头摆臂后，可以使刀头摆臂在扭簧弹力的作用下尽可能的偏向橡胶树皮，摆动座与刀头摆臂相铰接，即摆动座可以绕刀头摆臂摆动，而刀头和刀深限位件则通过刀头调角座安装至摆动座，这样可以使刀深限位件在割胶过程中随橡胶树皮表面的起伏而起伏，始终抵紧橡胶树皮的表面，而刀头和刀深限位件之间的位置固定，从而保证刀头始终保持基本垂直于橡胶树皮表面切割，既实现了不规则橡胶树皮表面的连续切割，又保证了切割质量。所述的刀深限位件为条形，条形两端分别带有弧形凸起，在割胶过程中刀深限位件两端的弧形凸起分别抵紧橡胶树皮的表面，使刀深限位件位于接近橡胶树皮表面切线方向的位置，从而进一步保证刀头始终保持基本垂直于橡胶树皮表面切割。刀架上安装摆臂座，扭簧安装于摆臂座内，方便刀头摆臂通过扭簧与刀架相铰 接。
使用本实施例所公开的割胶机进行割胶的方法步骤如下：
(1)把割胶机套至橡胶树上，调整割胶机固定爪及其上的抵紧部至与橡胶树皮紧密接触，绑紧扎带，使割胶机固定在橡胶树上；
(2)转动刀头调角座，调整刀头至适当的割胶角度，收刀电机松开拉丝，刀头摆臂在扭簧弹力的作用下伸出，使刀头切入橡胶树皮内，刀深限位件抵紧橡胶树皮；
(3)启动刀架总成上的主电机，使刀架总成绕固定架顺时针转动的同时，割胶刀组件在丝杠的带动下沿丝杠由下向上移动，割胶开始；
(4)刀架总成顺时针移动至行星齿末端时主电机停止，收刀电机拉紧拉丝把刀头摆臂拉回刀架，使刀头和刀深限位件脱离橡胶树皮；
(5)启动刀架总成上的主电机，使刀架总成绕固定架逆时针转动的同时，割胶刀组件在丝杠的带动下沿丝杠由上向下移动，复位开始；
(6)刀架总成逆时针移动至行星齿末端时主电机继续运行一定时间后停止，使割胶刀组件沿丝杠多向下移动一定的距离，从而使割胶刀组件下移至比步骤(3)的开始割胶位置更低的位置；
(7)收刀电机松开拉丝，刀头摆臂在扭簧弹力的作用下伸出，使刀头切入橡胶树皮内，刀深限位件抵紧橡胶树皮；
(8)重复上述步骤(3)-(7)，直至整个割胶过程结束。
该割胶方法，割胶时割胶刀组件顺时针由下向上割，避免割出的胶滴在割胶刀组件上影响产量。

Claims (13)

  1. 一种割胶机，其特征在于：所述的割胶机包括固定架，固定架的顶面和底面分别相对设置环形行星齿，固定架的顶面和底面之间安装刀架总成，所述的刀架总成内沿竖向方向安装一根丝杠，割胶刀组件安装在丝杠上，并可以在丝杠的带动下沿丝杠上下移动，所述的割胶刀组件包括安装在丝杠上并可沿丝杠上下移动的刀架，刀头摆臂的一侧通过扭簧与刀架相铰接，另一侧与摆动座相铰接，摆动座上安装刀头调角座，刀头调角座的顶端安装刀头和刀深限位件，刀架上还安装可以克服扭簧弹力把刀头摆臂拉向刀架的收刀组件，所述的刀架总成上还安装主电机和齿轮组，主电机通过齿轮组带动丝杠和安装在刀架总成竖向方向两端的双联齿转动，两端的双联齿则分别与固定架顶面和底面的行星齿相啮合。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的割胶机，其特征在于：所述固定架顶面和底面的外表面分别设置割胶机固定爪，所述割胶机固定爪的根部与固定架外表面相铰接，割胶机固定爪的顶部设置抵紧部，该抵紧部的根部与割胶机固定爪相铰接，并且在抵紧部上设置供扎带穿过的绳孔。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的割胶机，其特征在于：所述固定架顶面和底面割胶机固定爪的数量均为三个，分别设置在顶面和底面的端部及与端部相对应的内侧中部。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的割胶机，其特征在于：所述固定架的顶面和底面上分别设置两对以上相互对应的凸耳，每对凸耳之间以轨道纵向固定棒相连接。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的割胶机，其特征在于：所述固定架的顶面和底面之间通过轨道纵向固定板连接固定，轨道纵向固定板之间则通过轨道横向固定板连接固定。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的割胶机，其特征在于：所述固定架顶面和底面的环形行星齿与顶面和底面的端部之间均留有不带齿的空隙。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的割胶机，其特征在于：所述的刀架上安装摆臂座，刀头摆臂通过扭簧与摆臂座相铰接。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的割胶机，其特征在于：所述的刀头调角座可沿摆动座转动以调整其顶端刀头的割胶角度。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的割胶机，其特征在于：所述的刀深限位件为条形，条形两端分别带有弧形凸起。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的割胶机，其特征在于：所述的收刀组件为收刀电机，该收刀电机通过拉丝拉动刀头摆臂向刀架移动。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的割胶机，其特征在于：所述的刀架总成内沿竖向方向分别在丝杠的两侧各安装一根限位柱，刀架穿入上述两根限位柱内，并可在丝杠的带动下沿限位柱上下滑动。
  12. 根据权利要求1所述的割胶机，其特征在于：刀架总成在竖向方向的两端边缘位置均安装有限位轮。
  13. 一种割胶方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
    (1)把割胶机套至橡胶树上，调整割胶机固定爪及其上的抵紧部至与橡胶树皮紧密接触，绑紧扎带，使割胶机固定在橡胶树上；
    (2)转动刀头调角座，调整刀头至适当的割胶角度，收刀电机松开拉丝，刀头摆臂在扭簧弹力的作用下伸出，使刀头切入橡胶树皮内，刀深限位件抵紧橡胶树皮；
    (3)启动刀架总成上的主电机，使刀架总成绕固定架顺时针转动的同时，割胶刀组件在丝杠的带动下沿丝杠由下向上移动，割胶开始；
    (4)刀架总成顺时针移动至行星齿末端时主电机停止，收刀电机拉紧拉丝把刀头摆臂拉回刀架，使刀头和刀深限位件脱离橡胶树皮；
    (5)启动刀架总成上的主电机，使刀架总成绕固定架逆时针转动的同时，割胶刀组件在丝杠的带动下沿丝杠由上向下移动，复位开始；
    (6)刀架总成逆时针移动至行星齿末端时主电机继续运行一定时间后停止，使割胶刀组件沿丝杠多向下移动一定的距离，从而使割胶刀组件下移至比步骤(3)的开始割胶位置更低的位置；
    (7)收刀电机松开拉丝，刀头摆臂在扭簧弹力的作用下伸出，使刀头切入橡胶树皮内，刀深限位件抵紧橡胶树皮；
    (8)重复上述步骤(3)-(7)，直至整个割胶过程结束。
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