WO2017202358A1 - 颈部致冷器和颈部致冷方法 - Google Patents

颈部致冷器和颈部致冷方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017202358A1
WO2017202358A1 PCT/CN2017/085872 CN2017085872W WO2017202358A1 WO 2017202358 A1 WO2017202358 A1 WO 2017202358A1 CN 2017085872 W CN2017085872 W CN 2017085872W WO 2017202358 A1 WO2017202358 A1 WO 2017202358A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cooling
neck
passenger
fan
heating
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2017/085872
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
杨晓红
金海吉秀
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Gentherm GmbH
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Gentherm GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Gentherm GmbH filed Critical Gentherm GmbH
Priority to CN201790000906.0U priority Critical patent/CN210760164U/zh
Priority to DE112017002685.7T priority patent/DE112017002685T5/de
Publication of WO2017202358A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017202358A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating devices
    • B60H1/32—Cooling devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B21/00—Machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects
    • F25B21/02—Machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects using Peltier effect; using Nernst-Ettinghausen effect
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating devices
    • B60H1/00642—Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
    • B60H1/00735—Control systems or circuits characterised by their input, i.e. by the detection, measurement or calculation of particular conditions, e.g. signal treatment, dynamic models
    • B60H1/00742—Control systems or circuits characterised by their input, i.e. by the detection, measurement or calculation of particular conditions, e.g. signal treatment, dynamic models by detection of the vehicle occupants' presence; by detection of conditions relating to the body of occupants, e.g. using radiant heat detectors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N2/00—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
    • B60N2/56—Heating or ventilating devices
    • B60N2/5607—Heating or ventilating devices characterised by convection
    • B60N2/5621—Heating or ventilating devices characterised by convection by air
    • B60N2/5657—Heating or ventilating devices characterised by convection by air blown towards the seat surface
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N2/00—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
    • B60N2/56—Heating or ventilating devices
    • B60N2/5607—Heating or ventilating devices characterised by convection
    • B60N2/5621—Heating or ventilating devices characterised by convection by air
    • B60N2/5671—Heating or ventilating devices characterised by convection by air forming a windbreak, e.g. warm air blown on the neck of the passenger of an open vehicle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a neck refrigerator and a neck refrigeration method for a passenger on a passenger support device for instantaneously restoring a passenger on a passenger support device, in particular, capable of restoring a driver in a fatigue state wide awake.
  • the neck refrigerator according to the present invention can be used as a driver alert device or can be included in a driver alert device.
  • Fatigue driving refers to a phenomenon in which the driver's driving skill decreases when driving for a long time after continuous driving or when driving under insufficient sleep or lack of energy. Fatigue driving has been recognized as one of the common "road killers".
  • ear-ear fatigue warning device which has a simple function, and the driver bows his head and alarms.
  • dozing does not necessarily bow, and the bowing caused by drowsiness is seriously delayed.
  • watch-type early warning devices eyeglass-type early warning devices, and steering wheel touch warning devices.
  • These early warning devices or alarms use different principles to judge whether the driver enters the fatigue state, or the structure is complicated, or the use is inconvenient, and the accuracy is not high.
  • the image recognition type early warning device uses the image sensor to capture the driver's face, and the facial feature recognition is used to determine the driver's fatigue level.
  • the structure is complex and expensive.
  • the present invention provides a neck refrigerator for a passenger, particularly a driver, on a passenger support device that can be automatically or manually controlled when the passenger is in or near a drowsy state
  • the passenger’s neck suddenly sprays cold air, which instantly restores the passengers. Wake up, can effectively avoid the driver's fatigue driving when used in the driver's seat.
  • a first aspect of the invention provides a neck refrigerator for a passenger on a passenger support device, comprising: a refrigeration element having a refrigeration side and opposite the refrigeration side a heating side for respectively cooling and heating the respective sides of the air; a cooling side fan and a cooling side duct located on the cooling side of the cooling element, and cold air cooled by the cooling element Capable of blowing to the neck of the passenger via the cooling side duct; and a heating side fan and a heating side duct on the heating side of the cooling element, on the heating side of the cooling element Hot air can be discharged through the heating side duct.
  • a second aspect of the present invention provides a method of alerting a passenger on a passenger support device using the above-described neck refrigerator, comprising: a step of determining whether a passenger on the passenger support device is in a drowsy state; actuating the refrigeration element to cool The step of cooling the side air and heating the air on the heating side; the step of actuating the heating side fan to discharge the hot air on the heating side; actuating the cooling side fan to the neck of the passenger a step of injecting cold air cooled by the refrigeration element; and an end step of de-energizing the refrigeration element and closing the heating side fan and the refrigerant side fan.
  • a third aspect of the invention provides a method of injecting cold air into a neck of a passenger on a passenger support device using the above-described neck refrigerator, comprising: actuating a refrigeration element to cool the air on the refrigerant side and a step of heating the air on the heating side; a step of actuating the heating side fan to discharge the hot air on the heating side; actuating the cooling side fan to spray the refrigerant element to the neck of the passenger a step of cooling the cold air; and an end step of powering off the cooling element and closing the heating side fan and the cooling side fan.
  • the step of actuating the refrigeration element and the step of actuating the heat side fan are performed simultaneously or nearly simultaneously.
  • the step of actuating the cooling side fan is performed.
  • the first preset duration is 50 or 60 or 70 seconds, for example, the preset temperature is -9 degrees or less.
  • the neck refrigerator further includes a heating side timer that counts the working time of the heating side fan, and wherein the step of actuating the heating side fan further comprises simultaneously starting the Determining a step of timing the hot side timer, timing on the heating side The step of actuating the cooling side fan when the first predetermined length of time is reached.
  • the neck refrigerator further includes a refrigeration side timer that clocks the cold air injection duration and/or the cold air injection interval, and wherein the step of actuating the refrigeration side fan further includes simultaneously The step of starting the timing of the cooling side timer.
  • the neck refrigerator further includes an injection counter that counts the number of injections of cold air
  • the step of actuating the refrigerant side fan further includes the step of simultaneously initiating the injection counter to start counting .
  • the refrigeration side fan is actuated to intermittently inject cold air cooled by the refrigeration element to the neck of the passenger.
  • the neck refrigerator is pre-set with the following parameters: a single duration of each injection of cold air, a time interval between two cold air injections, and a number of cold air injections; Wherein, in the step of actuating the cooling side fan, a single time duration and a time interval of the intermittent injection of the cold air are controlled by the refrigeration side timer and the number of cold air injections is controlled by the injection counter, The end step is automatically performed after the parameters.
  • the single time period is 10 seconds or 15 seconds
  • the time interval is 10 seconds
  • the number of cold air injections is 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 times.
  • the refrigerating side fan is actuated to continuously inject cold air from the chiller element to the occupant's neck.
  • the ending step is automatically performed, for example, the second preset duration is 10 or 15 seconds.
  • all steps of the neck refrigeration method are performed fully automatically; or one or more steps of the neck refrigeration method can be manually controlled.
  • the neck refrigerator includes a control unit for controlling one or more steps in the neck refrigeration method, preferably the control unit is provided separately or integrated Inside the vehicle's electronic control unit.
  • a fourth aspect of the invention provides a passenger support device comprising the above described neck refrigerator.
  • the passenger support device is a bed in a vehicle, an aircraft or a ship, a passenger seat or a driver seat.
  • the neck refrigerator is mounted to the passenger support device
  • the head pad is mounted or mounted between the head pad and the back pad of the passenger support device.
  • a fifth aspect of the invention provides a vehicle including the passenger support device described above.
  • the neck refrigerator according to the present invention can automatically or manually control the sudden injection of cold air to the neck of a passenger who is in or near the state of drowsiness, so that the passenger can be instantly awake.
  • the neck refrigerator according to the present invention is used for a driver's seat, and the driver's fatigue driving can be effectively avoided.
  • the neck refrigerator according to the present invention can be used as a driver alert device or can be included in a driver alert device.
  • the present invention also provides a climate adjustment apparatus for climate temperature regulation of interior components of a vehicle, comprising: a fan configured to generate an airflow toward a user; and a signal receiver for receiving a signal indicative of a degree of fatigue of the user a control device in communication with the fan and the signal receiver, the control device being configured to adjust to operation of the climate control device based on at least presence or absence of the signal or intensity of the signal Blowing.
  • the signal receiver is a sensor for detecting thermal information
  • the control device adjusts the operation of the climate control device based at least on thermal information detected by the sensor.
  • Figure 1 shows a schematic view of a neck refrigerator in accordance with the present invention
  • Figure 2 shows a flow chart of a method for alerting a fatigued passenger with a neck refrigerator according to the present invention
  • Figure 3 shows a flow chart of a method of injecting a certain amount of cold air into the neck of a passenger on a passenger support device using a neck refrigerator according to the present invention
  • Figure 4 is a timing diagram showing the actuation of the main components of the neck refrigerator of Figure 1 in the neck refrigeration method of Figure 2;
  • Figures 5 and 6 are obtained when the neck refrigerator of Figure 1 is used in two different situations. Effect curve.
  • the neck refrigerator and neck refrigeration method according to the present invention is mainly used to restore the occupant, especially in a fatigue state, located on the passenger support device, especially when used on a driver's seat. Avoid driver fatigue driving.
  • the neck refrigerator of the present invention can be used as a driver alert device or as part of a driver alert device.
  • the "passenger support device" of the present invention primarily refers to, but is not limited to, beds, benches, and seats in a vehicle, including driver seats and ordinary passenger seats.
  • Vehicles include, but are not limited to, motor vehicles, airplanes, ships, and the like.
  • the invention is particularly useful in self-driving vehicles.
  • the neck refrigerator of the present invention can be mounted in the head cushion of the seat or can be mounted in any suitable position between the head cushion and the back cushion.
  • the neck refrigerator of the present invention mainly comprises a cooling element having a cooling side and a heating side; a cooling side fan and a heating side fan respectively located on the cooling side and the heating side of the cooling element; The cooling side duct and the heating side duct of the refrigerating side and the heating side of the refrigerating element.
  • the cooling element of the neck refrigerator and the heating side fan are actuated, and then the cooling side fan is actuated,
  • the air on the cooling side is caused to be sprayed toward the passenger via the cooling side duct through the action of the cooling side fan.
  • the cooling element cools the air on the cooling side, the temperature of the air jetted to the passenger gradually decreases until the lowest temperature value is reached.
  • the cooling side fan is restarted after the heating side fan operates for a first predetermined period of time.
  • hot air is blown into the ambient air on the heating side of the cooling element; on the cooling side of the cooling element, cold air cooled by the cooling element is gradually collected At the air outlet of the cooling side duct facing the passenger, this ensures that when the cooling side fan is actuated, the air is cooled sufficiently by the cooling element for a period of time, and the cold air has a certain pressure by gathering. .
  • the cooling side fan is actuated, and cold air that is sufficiently cold is suddenly injected to the passenger at a certain pressure.
  • This preferred embodiment has a lower temperature of the cold air sprayed to the passenger, a larger injection pressure, a shorter time to reach the lowest temperature, and a sudden injection, as compared with the case where the cooling side fan is not delayed by the first predetermined length of time. Better sex, from The alert effect on the passengers is better, and the driver is more effectively prevented from driving.
  • Actuating the refrigeration side fan to inject cold air to the passenger includes injecting cold air into the passenger in an intermittent manner and injecting cold air into the passenger in a continuous manner.
  • the neck refrigerator of the present invention may be preliminarily provided with the following parameters: a single time T for each injection of cold air, and a time between two cold air injections. Interval P, and the number of cold air injections N. Accordingly, in a preferred embodiment, the neck refrigerator of the present invention includes a refrigerant side timer and an injection counter for this function.
  • the neck refrigerator of the present invention can be pre-set with a duration TT of spraying cold air, which can be used to achieve this timing function in this continuous mode.
  • FIG. 1 shows a side view of a head pad (dashed line) 10 of a seat and a neck refrigerator 20 constructed in accordance with the above principles of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows that the neck refrigerator 20 is mounted within the headrest 10.
  • the neck refrigerator 20 mainly includes a refrigerant element 25 having a refrigerant side 25A facing the inside of the seat and close to the passenger side and a heat generating side 25B facing away from the passenger.
  • the neck refrigerator 20 further includes a cooling side fan 22 and a cooling side duct 24 for the cooling side 25A of the cooling element 25, and the cold air cooled by the cooling element 25 passes through the cooling side duct 24 The air outlet is sprayed to the passenger (as indicated by arrow A in FIG.
  • the heating side fan 32 and the heating side air duct 34 for the heating side 25B of the cooling element 25 are located at the cooling element 25
  • the hot air of the hot side 25B is discharged into the ambient air via the air outlet of the heat generating side duct 34 (as indicated by an arrow B in Fig. 1).
  • the refrigeration element 25 can be any suitable device known in the art that is capable of heating and cooling air, such as a semiconductor cooling sheet, such as a Peltier element.
  • the cooling element 25 and the heating side fan 32 are simultaneously or substantially simultaneously actuated upon determining that the passenger is in or near a drowsy state, and the hot air on the heating side 25B of the cooling element 25 is via
  • the air outlet of the heat side air duct 34 is discharged into the ambient air, while the cold air cooled by the cooling element 25 is collected toward the air outlet of the refrigerant side duct 24.
  • the cooling side fan 22 of the cooling element 25 is actuated to cause the cold air to be suddenly injected to the neck of the passenger at a certain pressure via the air outlet of the cooling side duct 24.
  • Fig. 2 shows a flow chart of a method for a wake-up/warning sleepy seat passenger, such as a driver.
  • step S1 it is determined that the passenger is in a drowsy state or a fatigue state.
  • step S2 the heating side fan 32 of the neck refrigerator 20 is actuated, and the cooling element 25 is energized simultaneously or substantially simultaneously, whereby hot air is discharged into the ambient air via the air outlet of the heating side duct 34.
  • a heating side timer (not shown) is activated to start timing.
  • step S3 the cooling side fan 22 of the neck refrigerator 20 is actuated so that the predetermined pressure of cold air is suddenly ejected toward or near the neck of the passenger.
  • step S3 is performed when the heating side timer reaches the first predetermined duration or when the temperature of the cooling element 25 itself is lower than the first preset temperature.
  • the first preset duration may be 50 seconds or 60 seconds or 70 seconds or any other preset value.
  • the first preset temperature is about -9 degrees.
  • the temperature of the air ejected to the passenger in the above manner may be nearly 10 degrees lower than the room temperature.
  • an optionally provided refrigeration side timer is activated to time the time of the cold air injection.
  • an optionally provided refrigeration side counter is activated to record the number of injections of cold air.
  • Step S4 The cooling side fan 22 and the heating side fan 32 are turned off and the cooling element 25 is turned off.
  • spraying cold air to the passengers may be performed in a gap mode or may be performed in a continuous manner.
  • the time interval P between the single time T and the two cold air injections in which the cold air is continuously injected by the cold side timer is counted, and the number of cold air injections is counted by the air conditioner counter, which is reached in the air conditioner counter.
  • the predetermined number of times N step S4 is started.
  • the single time length T can be between 1-20 seconds, such as 10 seconds or 15 seconds or any other preset duration
  • the time interval P can be, for example, 5 seconds or 10 seconds or any other preset.
  • the interval, the predetermined number of times N may be 1 or any integer greater than 1.
  • the neck refrigerator 20 also has a second preset duration, and When the cold side timer reaches the second preset time length, step S4 is directly performed, that is, the cooling side fan 22, the heating side fan 32, and the power cooling element 25 are turned off.
  • the second predetermined duration may be 10 or 15 seconds or any other duration.
  • Steps S1 and S2 are optional and may be omitted.
  • the neck cooling method or the passenger alerting method of the present invention can be directly executed from step S3.
  • the driver can manually control the neck refrigerator to start step S3 when he or she feels tired.
  • step S1 can be performed in any suitable manner.
  • this step can be judged by detecting the time and/or mileage of the continuous driving of the vehicle, and can be judged by capturing and analyzing the biological behavior information of the passenger, such as eyes, face, heart, brain electric activity, etc., or through the field. Any known or future developed method for judging the state of drowsiness of passengers.
  • This step S1 can be carried out by means of a sensor of the vehicle itself, or the neck cooler 20 can comprise a self-configured sensor for this purpose.
  • the neck refrigerator 20 can be configured to be manually terminated during the course of step S3.
  • the passenger can manually close the cooling element 25, the cooling side fan 22, and the heating side fan 32, that is, manually switch to step S4.
  • the neck refrigeration method can be manually controlled at any step or stage.
  • the neck cooling method or the passenger alerting method constituted by steps S1 - S4 can also be performed completely automatically, and accordingly, the neck refrigerator 20 can include an automatic control unit for implementing the method automation, and for performing the steps
  • Each sensor of S1 communicates with a refrigeration element 25, a refrigerant side fan 22, a heating side fan 32, and optionally timers and counters.
  • the automatic control unit can be a separately provided control unit or can be integrated in the vehicle's existing electronic control unit ECU.
  • the neck refrigerator 20 has a structure and size that are small enough to be integrated into the seat headrest.
  • the neck cooler 20 may also be disposed at a suitable location between the headrest and the backrest.
  • the present invention also provides a method of providing a certain amount of cold air to a passenger on the seat, such as the neck of the driver, as shown in the flow chart of FIG. 3, the method includes the step S11: providing the above-described neck refrigerator 20; Step S12: actuating the cooling element 25 to cool the cold side thereof And heating the heating side air thereof, at the same time or almost simultaneously, actuating the heating side fan 32 of the cooling element 25 to remove the hot air on the side; S13: actuating the cooling side fan 22 of the cooling element 25 so as to Cooling air of a certain pressure is sprayed toward the neck of the passenger; and step S14: closing the refrigerant side fan and the heating side fan and powering off the cooling element.
  • Figure 4 is a timing diagram showing the operation of the refrigeration unit, the refrigerant side fan and the heating side fan of the neck refrigerator in the neck refrigeration method according to the present invention.
  • the actuation timings LH, LC and LT corresponding to the heating side fan 32, the cooling side fan 22, and the cooling element 25, respectively, with time (abscissa) are shown in the timing chart.
  • time T1 the passenger is confirmed to reach the fatigue state, and the cooling element 25 and the heating side fan 32 are actuated simultaneously or almost simultaneously.
  • the hot air is discharged to the ambient atmosphere through the air outlet of the heat generating side duct, while the cold air cooled by the cooling element is collected at the air outlet of the cooling side duct.
  • the cooling side fan is actuated and the cold air begins to be ejected toward the passenger at a predetermined pressure. After the time T2, cold air and hot air are simultaneously discharged from the respective air outlets.
  • the cooling side fan is actuated after a period of actuation of the heating side fan.
  • the cooling side fan can be actuated after the heating side fan is actuated for a first predetermined length of time.
  • the cooling side fan can also be actuated under the condition that the temperature of the cooling element itself is lowered to a preset temperature. For example, the cooling side fan is caused when the temperature of the cooling element itself reaches about -9 degrees. move.
  • Figures 5 and 6 are test curves of the neck refrigerator 20 of Figure 1 in two different situations.
  • the curve TH represents a curve of the temperature of the hot air discharged from the heat generating side duct 34 with time; the curve TC represents the temperature of the cold air discharged from the refrigerant side duct 24.
  • a curve which changes with time, the curve TT represents a curve of the temperature of the cooling element 25 itself as a function of time.
  • the abscissa is time (seconds) and the ordinate is temperature (degrees).
  • the cooling element is about 42 seconds after the heating side fan 32 is actuated.
  • the temperature of 25 itself is lowered to around -9 degrees, at which time the cooling side fan 22 is actuated.
  • the temperature of the cold air blown from the cooling side duct 24 reaches a minimum temperature of about 12 degrees.
  • the neck refrigerator and neck refrigeration method according to the present invention can support the neck of the passenger on the passenger support device automatically or in a manually controlled manner depending on the subjective needs of the passenger or based on the judgment of whether the passenger is in a drowsy state. suddenly, a certain amount of cold air is sprayed at a certain pressure to make the passengers wake up instantly. This can effectively prevent the driver from fatigue driving when applied to the driver's seat.
  • the principles of the present invention are also applicable to a climatization device for climate temperature regulation of interior components of a vehicle, including a fan for generating airflow toward the user; for receiving a signal indicative of the degree of fatigue of the user. a signal receiver; and a control device in communication with both the fan and the signal receiver, the control device adjusting operation of the climate control device based at least on presence or absence of the signal or intensity of the signal And blow the air to the user.
  • the degree of fatigue of the user can be detected by any of the methods described herein before.
  • the control device controls the fan to blow the user when it is detected that the user is fatigued.
  • the signal receiver receiving the degree of fatigue of the user may be a sensor for detecting thermal information.
  • the control device adjusts the operation of the climate control device based at least on the thermal information detected by the sensor.
  • a measuring device for measuring climatic temperature data at other locations inside the vehicle can also be provided, whereby the control device also receives the measured temperature result and adjusts the operation of the climate control device based on the result.
  • This climate control device can use only one fan, and the airflow from the fan can be divided into two parts.
  • the two portions correspond to the refrigerant side airflow of the refrigerant element and the heat side airflow of the refrigerant element, respectively, in the previously described embodiment.
  • the present climate control device for adjusting the climatic temperature of the interior components of the vehicle, only one air flow is required.
  • the fan may also be a cooling side fan of the above-described refrigeration element.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Auxiliary Drives, Propulsion Controls, And Safety Devices (AREA)

Abstract

一种用于乘客支撑装置上的颈部致冷器（20），包括：致冷元件（25），其具有致冷侧（25A）和与致冷侧（25A）相反的致热侧（25B），分别用于致冷和致热相应侧的空气；位于致冷元件（25）的致冷侧（25A）的致冷侧风机（22）和致冷侧风管（24），被致冷元件（25）致冷的冷空气经由致冷侧风管（24）的出风口吹向乘客的颈部；以及位于致冷元件（25）的致热侧（25B）的致热侧风机（32）和致热侧风管（34），在致冷元件（25）的致热侧（25B）的热空气能够经由致热侧风管（34）排出。

Description

颈部致冷器和颈部致冷方法 技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于乘客支撑装置上的乘客的颈部致冷器和颈部致冷方法，用于使乘客支撑装置上的乘客瞬间恢复清醒，特别是能够使处于疲劳状态的驾驶员恢复清醒。根据本发明的颈部致冷器可用作驾驶员警醒装置或可被包含在驾驶员警醒装置中。
背景技术
疲劳驾驶是指车辆驾驶员在长时间连续行车之后或者在睡眠不足、精神不振等情况下驾驶时出现的驾驶技能下降的现象。疲劳驾驶已经公认为常见的“马路杀手”之一。
为了减少由于驾驶员疲劳驾驶可能带来的严重伤害，各种各样的疲劳预警装置、报警装置和预防装置已经被研发出了。
比如，存在一种挂耳朵式疲劳预警器，功能简单，驾驶员低头即报警，然而打瞌睡不一定低头，而且瞌睡导致的低头现象滞后严重。还存在手表式预警器、眼镜式预警器和方向盘触摸式预警器等等。这些预警器或报警器分别利用不同的原理判断驾驶员是否进入疲劳状态，或者结构复杂，或者使用不便，还有的精确度不高。图像识别式预警器利用图像传感器捕捉驾驶员的面部，通过面部特征识别，判断驾驶员疲劳程度。结构复杂，价格昂贵。
希望能够提供一种在驾驶员出现疲劳现象时能够快速、有效地使驾驶员恢复清醒的驾驶员警醒装置。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种用于乘客支撑装置上的乘客、特别是驾驶员的颈部致冷器，在乘客处于或频临困倦状态时，颈部致冷器能够自动地或被手动控制地向乘客的颈部突然喷射冷空气，使乘客瞬间恢复清 醒，在用于驾驶员座椅时能够有效地避免驾驶员的疲劳驾驶。
为此，本发明的第一方面提供了一种用于乘客支撑装置上的乘客的颈部致冷器，包括：致冷元件，所述致冷元件具有致冷侧和与致冷侧相反的致热侧，分别用于致冷和致热相应侧的空气；位于所述致冷元件的致冷侧的致冷侧风机和致冷侧风管，被所述致冷元件致冷的冷空气能够经由所述致冷侧风管吹向乘客的颈部；和位于所述致冷元件的致热侧的致热侧风机和致热侧风管，在所述致冷元件的致热侧的热空气能够经由所述致热侧风管排出。
本发明的第二方面提供了一种利用上述颈部致冷器警醒乘客支撑装置上的乘客的方法，包括：判断乘客支撑装置上的乘客是否处于困倦状态的步骤；致动致冷元件以致冷所述致冷侧的空气并且致热所述致热侧的空气的步骤；致动致热侧风机以排出所述致热侧的热空气的步骤；致动致冷侧风机以向乘客的颈部喷射被所述致冷元件致冷的冷空气的步骤；以及断电所述致冷元件并且关闭所述致热侧风机和所述致冷侧风机的结束步骤。
本发明的第三方面提供了一种利用上述颈部致冷器向乘客支撑装置上的乘客的颈部喷射冷空气的方法，包括：致动致冷元件以致冷所述致冷侧的空气并且致热所述致热侧的空气的步骤；致动致热侧风机以排出所述致热侧的热空气的步骤；致动致冷侧风机以向乘客的颈部喷射被所述致冷元件致冷的冷空气的步骤；以及断电所述致冷元件并且关闭所述致热侧风机和所述致冷侧风机的结束步骤。
在一个可选实施例中，致动致冷元件的步骤和致动致热侧风机的步骤同时或几乎同时进行。
在一个可选实施例中，在致动致热侧风机使所述致热侧风机工作了第一预设时长之后，和/或在致动致冷元件使所述致冷元件的致冷侧的温度到达预设温度时，进行致动致冷侧风机的步骤，例如，所述第一预设时长为50或60或70秒，例如所述预设温度为-9度或以下。
在一个可选实施例中，所述颈部致冷器还包括计时所述致热侧风机的工作时间的致热侧计时器，并且其中，致动致热侧风机的步骤还包括同时启动所述致热侧计时器进行计时的步骤，在所述致热侧计时 器到达所述第一预设时长时进行致动致冷侧风机的步骤。
在一个可选实施例中，所述颈部致冷器还包括计时冷空气喷射时长和/或冷空气喷射间隔的致冷侧计时器，并且其中，致动致冷侧风机的步骤还包括同时启动所述致冷侧计时器进行计时的步骤。
在一个可选实施例中，所述颈部致冷器还包括计数冷空气的喷射次数的喷射计数器，并且其中，致动致冷侧风机的步骤还包括同时启动所述喷射计数器开始计数的步骤。
在一个可选实施例中，致动致冷侧风机以间歇性地向乘客的颈部喷射被所述致冷元件致冷的冷空气。
在一个可选实施例中，所述颈部致冷器预设有下述参数：每一次喷射冷空气持续的单次时长，两次冷空气喷射之间的时间间隔，和冷空气喷射次数；其中，在致动致冷侧风机的步骤中，由所述致冷侧计时器控制冷空气间歇性喷射的单次时长和时间间隔并且由所述喷射计数器控制冷空气喷射次数，在满足上述三个参数之后自动进行所述结束步骤。优选地，所述单次时长为10秒或15秒，所述时间间隔为10秒，所述冷空气喷射次数为1，2，3，4或5次。
在一个可选实施例中，致动致冷侧风机以连续地向乘客的颈部喷射所述致冷元件致冷的冷空气。
在一个可选实施例中，在所述致冷侧计时器到达第二预设时长之后，自动进行所述结束步骤，例如所述第二预设时长为10或15秒。
在一个可选实施例中，所述颈部致冷方法的所有步骤被全自动地进行；或者所述颈部致冷方法的一个或多个步骤能够被手动控制。
在一个可选实施例中，所述颈部致冷器包括用于控制所述颈部致冷方法中一个或多个步骤的控制单元，优选地，所述控制单元被单独提供或被集成在车辆的电子控制单元内。
本发明的第四方面提供了一种包括上述颈部致冷器的乘客支撑装置。
在一个可选实施例中，所述乘客支撑装置是车辆、飞机或轮船中的床，乘客座椅或驾驶员座椅。
在一个可选实施例中，所述颈部致冷器安装在所述乘客支撑装置 的头垫中或安装在所述乘客支撑装置的头垫和背靠垫之间的位置。
本发明的第五方面提供了一种包括上述乘客支撑装置的交通工具。
根据本发明的颈部致冷器能够自动地或被手动控制地突然向处于或频临困倦状态的乘客的颈部喷射冷空气，使乘客瞬间恢复清醒。优选地，根据本发明的颈部致冷器用于驾驶员座椅，能够有效地避免了驾驶员的疲劳驾驶。根据本发明的颈部致冷器可用作驾驶员警醒装置或可被包含在驾驶员警醒装置中。
本发明还提供了一种对车厢内部部件进行气候温度调节的气候调节装置，包括：风机，其被配置用于产生朝向使用者的气流；信号接收器，用于接收表示使用者疲劳程度的信号；与所述风机和所述信号接收器通信的控制装置，所述控制装置被配置为至少根据所述信号的存在与否或者所述信号的强度来调节所述气候调控装置的操作而向使用者吹气。
根据一个实施例，所述信号接收器是用于检测热学信息的传感器，并且所述控制装置至少根据传感器检测到的热学信息来调节所述气候调控装置的操作。
附图说明
本领域内的技术人员在学习了前面综述和下面参考附图对优选实施例的详细描述之后能够彻底地理解本发明。本文中描述的和附图中示意的实施例仅用于说明目的，不意于限制本发明的范围。附图中：
图1示出了根据本发明的颈部致冷器的示意图；
图2示出了利用根据本发明的颈部致冷器警醒疲劳的乘客的方法的流程图；
图3示出了利用根据本发明的颈部致冷器向乘客支撑装置上的乘客的颈部喷射一定量冷空气的方法的流程图；
图4示出了图1的颈部致冷器的各主要部件在图2的颈部致冷方法中致动的时序图；和
图5和图6为图1的颈部致冷器在两种不同情况下使用时获得的 效果曲线。
具体实施方式
根据本发明的颈部致冷器和颈部致冷方法主要用于使位于乘客支撑装置上的、尤其是处于疲劳状态的乘客恢复清醒，特别是当用于驾驶员座椅上时能够有效地避免驾驶员疲劳驾驶。从这一方面讲，本发明的颈部致冷器可用作驾驶员警醒装置或者可构成驾驶员警醒装置的一部分。
本发明的“乘客支撑装置”主要指、但不限制于交通工具中的床、长椅和座椅，包括驾驶员座椅和普通乘客座椅。交通工具包括、但不限于机动车辆、飞机、轮船等。本发明尤其用于自动驾驶车辆中。
下面以座椅为例进行描述。本发明的颈部致冷器可安装于座椅的头垫内，也可安装于头垫和背靠垫之间的任何适当位置。
本发明的颈部致冷器主要包括具有致冷侧和致热侧的致冷元件；分别位于致冷元件的致冷侧和致热侧的致冷侧风机和致热侧风机；以及分别位于致冷元件的致冷侧和致热侧的致冷侧风管和致热侧风管。
根据本发明的颈部致冷方法，在确定乘客处于或频临困倦或疲劳状态时，颈部致冷器的致冷元件以及致热侧风机被致动，然后再致动致冷侧风机，使致冷侧的空气通过致冷侧风机的作用经由致冷侧风管喷向乘客。随着致冷元件对致冷侧的空气的致冷作用，喷向乘客的空气温度逐渐降低，直到到达最低温度值。
优选地，致冷侧风机在致热侧风机工作第一预设时长之后再启动。在所述第一预设时长期间，在致冷元件的致热侧，热空气被吹到环境空气中；在致冷元件的致冷侧，被致冷元件致冷的冷空气被逐渐聚集在致冷侧风管的朝向乘客的出风口处，这样能够确保，在致动致冷侧风机时，空气由于被致冷元件致冷了一段时间所以足够冷，并且冷空气通过聚集而具有一定压力。此时致动致冷侧风机，足够冷的冷空气被以一定压力突然喷射向乘客。此优选实施方式与致冷侧风机不滞后第一预设时长致动的情况下相比，喷向乘客的冷空气温度更低、喷射压力更大、到达最低温度的时间更短，喷射的突然性更佳，从 而对乘客的警醒效果更佳，更加有效地避免驾驶员疲劳驾驶。
致动所述致冷侧风机向乘客喷射冷空气包括以间歇方式向乘客喷射冷空气和以连续方式向乘客喷射冷空气。
在以间歇方式向乘客喷射冷空气的情况下，本发明的颈部致冷器可预设有下述参数：每一次喷射冷空气持续的单次时长T，两次冷空气喷射之间的时间间隔P，以及冷空气喷射次数N。因此相应地，在优选实施例中，本发明的颈部致冷器包括用于此功能的致冷侧计时器和喷射计数器。
在以连续方式向乘客提供冷空气的情况下，本发明的颈部致冷器可预设有喷射冷空气持续的时长TT，上述致冷侧计时器可用于实现此连续模式下的此计时功能。
图1示出了座椅的头垫(虚线)10和根据本发明的上述原理构造的颈部致冷器20的侧视图。图1示出颈部致冷器20安装在头垫10内。
如上所述，颈部致冷器20主要包括致冷元件25，致冷元件25具有朝向座椅内并且靠近乘客一侧的致冷侧25A和背离乘客的致热侧25B。颈部致冷器20还包括用于致冷元件25的致冷侧25A的致冷侧风机22和致冷侧风管24，被致冷元件25致冷的冷空气经由致冷侧风管24的出风口喷射到乘客(如图1中的箭头A所示)；用于致冷元件25的致热侧25B的致热侧风机32和致热侧风管34，位于致冷元件25的致热侧25B的热空气经由致热侧风管34的出风口排放到环境空气中(如图1中的箭头B所示)。
致冷元件25可以是本领域内已知的、能够加热和冷却空气的任何适当的装置，比如半导体致冷片，例如珀耳帖元件。
根据本发明的原理，在确定乘客处于或频临困倦状态时，致冷元件25和致热侧风机32被同时或基本上同时致动，在致冷元件25的致热侧25B的热空气经由致热侧风管34的出风口排放到环境空气中，同时由致冷元件25致冷的冷空气向致冷侧风管24的出风口聚集。上述第一预设时长之后，致动致冷元件25的致冷侧风机22，使冷空气经由致冷侧风管24的出气口以一定压力突然喷射到乘客的脖颈。
现在参考图2详细描述根据图1的颈部致冷器20的使用方法，换句话说，图2示出了用于叫醒/警醒困倦的座椅乘客、比如驾驶员的方法的流程图。
在步骤S1中，确定乘客处于困倦状态或疲劳状态。
在步骤S2中，致动颈部致冷器20的致热侧风机32，同时或基本上同时通电致冷元件25，因而，热空气经由致热侧风管34的出风口排放到环境空气中。优选地，在致动致热侧风机32时，启动致热侧计时器(图中未示出)，开始计时。
在步骤S3中，颈部致冷器20的致冷侧风机22被致动，以便预定压力的冷空气被突然喷射向乘客的脖颈处或附近。优选地，步骤S3在致热侧计时器到达上述第一预设时长时或者在致冷元件25自身的温度低于第一预设温度时执行。例如，上述第一预设时长可以是50秒或60秒或70秒或其它任意预设值。例如，所述第一预设温度为-9度左右。以上述方式向乘客喷射的空气的温度可比室温低近乎10度。
另外优选地，在致动所述致冷侧风机22时，启动可选地设置的致冷侧计时器，对冷空气喷射的时间进行计时。可选地，在致动所述致冷侧风机22时，启动可选地设置的致冷侧计数器，记录冷空气的喷射次数。
步骤S4：关闭致冷侧风机22和致热侧风机32并且断电致冷元件25。
如上所述，向乘客喷射冷空气可以以间隙模式进行或者可以连续方式进行。在前者情况下，由致冷侧计时器计时每一次喷射冷空气持续的单次时长T和两次冷空气喷射之间的时间间隔P，以及由冷气计数器计数冷空气喷射次数，在冷气计数器到达预定次数N时，开始步骤S4。在一个优选例子中，单次时长T可在1-20秒之间、比如10秒或15秒或任一其它预设时长，时间间隔P例如可以是5秒或10秒或任一其它预设间隔，预定次数N可以是1次或大于1的任意整数。
在后者情况下，颈部致冷器20还具有第二预设时长，并且在致 冷侧计时器到达第二预设时长时，直接执行步骤S4，即关闭致冷侧风机22、致热侧风机32并且断电致冷元件25。在一个例子中，所述第二预设时长可以是10或15秒或任一其它时长。
步骤S1和S2是可选的，可以省略。本发明的颈部致冷方法或乘客警醒方法可直接从步骤S3开始执行。例如，驾驶员自己感觉到疲倦时可手动控制颈部致冷器以开始步骤S3。
在包括步骤S1的情况下，步骤S1可以任何适当的方法执行。例如，本步骤可以通过检测车辆连续行驶的时间和/或里程判断，可以通过捕捉并分析乘客的生物行为信息，比如眼睛、脸部、心脏、脑电活动等的技术来判断，或通过本领域内任何已知的、或未来研发的能够判断乘客困倦状态的方法判断。本步骤S1可借助于车辆自身配置的传感器进行，或者颈部致冷器20可包括用于此目的的、自身配置的传感器。
在另外可选的实施例中，颈部致冷器20可被设置成在步骤S3进行过程中能够被手动终止。例如，在向乘客提供冷空气的过程中，乘客能够手动关闭致冷元件25、致冷侧风机22和致热侧风机32，即手动切换到步骤S4。
如上所述，颈部致冷方法可在任意步骤或阶段进行手动控制。由步骤S1-S4构成的颈部致冷方法或乘客警醒方法也可以完全自动进行，相应地，颈部致冷器20可包括用于实现该方法自动化的自动控制单元，其与用于执行步骤S1的各传感器通信，与致冷元件25、致冷侧风机22、致热侧风机32以及可选地存在的各计时器和计数器通信。该自动控制单元可以是单独提供的控制单元，也可被集成在车辆现有的电子控制单元ECU中。
根据本发明的颈部致冷器20具有足够小以便能够集成在座椅头枕内的结构和尺寸。可选地，颈部致冷器20也可以设置于头枕和靠背之间的适当位置处。
本发明还提供了一种向座椅上的乘客、比如驾驶员的脖颈提供一定量冷气的方法，如图3的流程图所示，该方法包括步骤S11：提供上述颈部致冷器20；步骤S12：致动致冷元件25以致冷其致冷侧空 气并且加热其致热侧空气，同时或者几乎同时，致动致冷元件25的致热侧风机32以去除该侧的热空气；S13：致动致冷元件25的致冷侧风机22，以便朝向乘客的颈部喷出一定压力的冷空气；以及步骤S14：关闭致冷风侧风机和致热侧风机并且断电致冷元件。
图4示出了所述颈部致冷器的致冷元件、致冷侧风机和致热侧风机在根据本发明的颈部致冷方法中操作的时序图。
在该时序图中示出了分别对应于致热侧风机32、致冷侧风机22和致冷元件25随时间(横坐标)的致动时序LH，LC和LT。如图所示，在T1时刻，乘客被确认到达疲劳状态，致冷元件25和致热侧风机32被同时或几乎同时致动。在T1时刻和T2时刻之间，热空气被经由致热侧风管的出气口排放到环境大气中，同时被致冷元件致冷的冷空气在致冷侧风管的出风口处聚集。在T2时刻，致冷侧风机被致动，冷空气开始以预定压力朝向乘客喷出。在T2时刻之后，冷空气和热空气同时从各自的出风口排出。
如上所述，致冷侧风机是在致热侧风机致动一段时间之后致动的。根据本发明，致冷侧风机可以在致热侧风机致动第一预设时长之后致动。在可选实施例中，致冷侧风机也可以在致冷元件自身温度降低到预设温度的条件下致动，比如，致冷侧风机在致冷元件自身温度到达-9度左右时被致动。
图5和图6为图1的颈部致冷器20在两种不同情况下的试验曲线。在图5和6示出的试验曲线中，曲线TH表示从致热侧风管34排出的热空气的温度随时间变化的曲线；曲线TC表示从致冷侧风管24排出的冷空气的温度随时间变化的曲线，曲线TT表示致冷元件25自身的温度随时间变化的曲线。横坐标为时间(秒)，纵坐标表示温度(度)。
在图5中，在致热侧风机32致动后约70秒的时刻，致冷元件25自身的温度降低到-9度附近，致冷侧风机22被致动。致冷侧风机22被致动后大约3.5秒左右的时间，从致冷侧风管24吹出的冷空气的温度即到达约12度的最低温度。
在图6中，在致热侧风机32致动后约42秒的时候，致冷元件 25自身的温度即降低到-9度附近，此时致冷侧风机22被致动。致冷侧风机22被致动后约4秒时间，从致冷侧风管24吹出的冷空气的温度即到达约12度左右的最低温度。
根据本发明的颈部致冷器和颈部致冷方法能够，根据乘客的主观需要或者根据对乘客是否处于困倦状态的判断，自动地或以手动控制的方式向乘客支撑装置上的乘客的颈部突然地、以一定压力喷射一定量的冷空气，使乘客瞬间警醒。这在应用于驾驶员座椅上时能够有效地避免驾驶员疲劳驾驶。
本发明的原理还适用于用来对车厢内部部件进行气候温度调节的气候调节装置(climatization device)，其包括用于产生朝向使用者的气流的风机；用于接收表示使用者疲劳程度的信号的信号接收器；和与所述风机和所述信号接收器两者通信的控制装置，所述控制装置至少根据所述信号的存在与否或者所述信号的强度来调节所述气候调控装置的操作而向使用者吹气。
在本气候调节装置中，使用者的疲劳程度可利用本文中前面所述的任一种方式检测得到。在检测到使用者出现疲劳时，控制装置控制风机向使用者吹风。接收表示使用者疲劳程度的信号接收器可以是用于检测热学信息的传感器。这样，所述控制装置至少还根据传感器检测到的热学信息来调节所述气候调控装置的操作。
另外，还可以设置用于测量车辆内部其它位置处的气候温度数据的测量器件，由此，本控制装置还接收此测量得到的温度结果并且根据此结果来调节所述气候调控装置的操作。
本气候调控装置可仅使用一个风机，从风机吹出的气流可以分成两部分。例如，这两部分分别对应于在前面描述的实施例中的致冷元件的致冷侧气流和致冷元件的致热侧气流。通常对于用于调节车厢内部部件的气候温度的本气候调节装置来说，只需要一种气流即可。
可选地，本风机也可以上述致冷元件的致冷侧风机。
前面对本发明的优选实施方式进行了详细描述，但本发明不限制于所描述的特殊细节、结构和方法。在不偏离由权利要求限定的范围的情况下，本领域内的技术人员能够对本发明进行各种修改、替代和 省略，并且这些修改、替代和省略都在本发明的保护范围内。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种用于乘客支撑装置上的乘客的颈部致冷器，包括：
    致冷元件，所述致冷元件具有致冷侧和与致冷侧相反的致热侧，分别用于致冷和致热相应侧的空气；
    位于所述致冷元件的致冷侧的致冷侧风机和致冷侧风管，被所述致冷元件致冷的冷空气能够经由所述致冷侧风管吹向乘客的颈部；和
    位于所述致冷元件的致热侧的致热侧风机和致热侧风管，在所述致冷元件的致热侧的热空气能够经由所述致热侧风管排出。
  2. 一种利用根据权利要求1所述的颈部致冷器警醒乘客支撑装置上的乘客的方法，包括：判断乘客支撑装置上的乘客是否处于困倦状态的步骤；致动致冷元件以致冷所述致冷侧的空气并且致热所述致热侧的空气的步骤；致动致热侧风机以排出所述致热侧的热空气的步骤；致动致冷侧风机以向乘客的颈部喷射被所述致冷元件致冷的冷空气的步骤；以及断电所述致冷元件并且关闭所述致热侧风机和所述致冷侧风机的结束步骤。
  3. 一种利用根据权利要求1所述的颈部致冷器向乘客支撑装置上的乘客的颈部喷射冷空气的方法，包括：致动致冷元件以致冷所述致冷侧的空气并且致热所述致热侧的空气的步骤；致动致热侧风机以排出所述致热侧的热空气的步骤；致动致冷侧风机以向乘客的颈部喷射被所述致冷元件致冷的冷空气的步骤；以及断电所述致冷元件并且关闭所述致热侧风机和所述致冷侧风机的结束步骤。
  4. 根据权利要求2或3所述的方法，其中，致动致冷元件的步骤和致动致热侧风机的步骤同时或几乎同时进行。
  5. 根据权利要求2-4中任一项所述的方法，
    其中，在致动致热侧风机使所述致热侧风机工作了第一预设时长 之后，和/或在致动致冷元件使所述致冷元件的致冷侧的温度到达预设温度时，进行致动致冷侧风机的步骤，例如，所述第一预设时长为50或60或70秒，例如所述预设温度为-9度或以下。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的方法，
    其中，所述颈部致冷器还包括计时所述致热侧风机的工作时间的致热侧计时器，并且
    其中，致动致热侧风机的步骤还包括同时启动所述致热侧计时器进行计时的步骤，在所述致热侧计时器到达所述第一预设时长时进行致动致冷侧风机的步骤。
  7. 根据权利要求2至6中任一项所述的方法，
    其中，所述颈部致冷器还包括计时冷空气喷射时长和/或冷空气喷射间隔的致冷侧计时器，并且
    其中，致动致冷侧风机的步骤还包括同时启动所述致冷侧计时器进行计时的步骤。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的方法，
    其中，所述颈部致冷器还包括计数冷空气的喷射次数的喷射计数器，并且
    其中，致动致冷侧风机的步骤还包括同时启动所述喷射计数器开始计数的步骤。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的方法，
    其中，致动致冷侧风机以间歇性地向乘客的颈部喷射被所述致冷元件致冷的冷空气。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的方法，
    其中，所述颈部致冷器预设有下述参数：每一次喷射冷空气持续的单次时长，两次冷空气喷射之间的时间间隔，和冷空气喷射次数；
    其中，在致动致冷侧风机的步骤中，由所述致冷侧计时器控制冷空气间歇性喷射的单次时长和时间间隔并且由所述喷射计数器控制冷空气喷射次数，在满足上述三个参数之后自动进行所述结束步骤，
    优选地，所述单次时长为10秒或15秒，所述时间间隔为10秒，所述冷空气喷射次数为1，2，3，4或5次。
  11. 根据权利要求7所述的方法，
    其中，致动致冷侧风机以连续地向乘客的颈部喷射所述致冷元件致冷的冷空气。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的方法，
    其中，在所述致冷侧计时器到达第二预设时长之后，自动进行所述结束步骤，例如所述第二预设时长为10或15秒。
  13. 根据权利要求2至12中任一项所述的方法，
    其中，所述颈部致冷方法的所有步骤被全自动地进行；或者所述颈部致冷方法的一个或多个步骤能够被手动控制。
  14. 根据权利要求2至12中任一项所述的方法，
    其中，所述颈部致冷器包括用于控制所述颈部致冷方法中一个或多个步骤的控制单元，优选地，所述控制单元被单独提供或被集成在车辆的电子控制单元内。
  15. 一种包括根据权利要求1所述的颈部致冷器的乘客支撑装置。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的乘客支撑装置，其中，所述乘客支撑装置是车辆、飞机或轮船中的床，乘客座椅或驾驶员座椅。
  17. 根据权利要求15或16所述的乘客支撑装置，其中，所述颈 部致冷器安装在所述乘客支撑装置的头垫中或安装在所述乘客支撑装置的头垫和背靠垫之间的位置。
  18. 一种包括根据权利要求15-17中任一项所述的乘客支撑装置的交通工具。
  19. 一种对车厢内部部件进行气候温度调节的气候调节装置，包括：
    风机，其被配置用于产生朝向使用者的气流；
    信号接收器，用于接收表示使用者疲劳程度的信号；
    与所述风机和所述信号接收器通信的控制装置，所述控制装置被配置为至少根据所述信号的存在与否或者所述信号的强度来调节所述气候调控装置的操作而向使用者吹气。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的气候调节装置，其特征在于，所述信号接收器是用于检测热学信息的传感器，并且所述控制装置至少根据传感器检测到的热学信息来调节所述气候调控装置的操作。
PCT/CN2017/085872 2016-05-27 2017-05-25 颈部致冷器和颈部致冷方法 Ceased WO2017202358A1 (zh)

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