WO2017201857A1 - 汽车防误踩加速踏板控制系统及控制方法 - Google Patents

汽车防误踩加速踏板控制系统及控制方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017201857A1
WO2017201857A1 PCT/CN2016/091670 CN2016091670W WO2017201857A1 WO 2017201857 A1 WO2017201857 A1 WO 2017201857A1 CN 2016091670 W CN2016091670 W CN 2016091670W WO 2017201857 A1 WO2017201857 A1 WO 2017201857A1
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Prior art keywords
accelerator pedal
ecu
vehicle
processing unit
missing
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PCT/CN2016/091670
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English (en)
French (fr)
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樊美平
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樊美平
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Publication of WO2017201857A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017201857A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K28/00—Safety devices for propulsion-unit control, specially adapted for, or arranged in, vehicles, e.g. preventing fuel supply or ignition in the event of potentially dangerous conditions
    • B60K28/10—Safety devices for propulsion-unit control, specially adapted for, or arranged in, vehicles, e.g. preventing fuel supply or ignition in the event of potentially dangerous conditions responsive to conditions relating to the vehicle 
    • B60K28/14—Safety devices for propulsion-unit control, specially adapted for, or arranged in, vehicles, e.g. preventing fuel supply or ignition in the event of potentially dangerous conditions responsive to conditions relating to the vehicle  responsive to accident or emergency, e.g. deceleration, tilt of vehicle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Q—ARRANGEMENT OF SIGNALLING OR LIGHTING DEVICES, THE MOUNTING OR SUPPORTING THEREOF OR CIRCUITS THEREFOR, FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Q9/00—Arrangement or adaptation of signal devices not provided for in one of main groups B60Q1/00 - B60Q7/00, e.g. haptic signalling

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of automobile control, in particular to a control system and a control method for an automobile anti-mistake accelerator pedal.
  • the second type of control technology is based on the anti-collision technology of the anti-collision technology.
  • This type of technology mainly uses cameras, radars, ultrasonic range finder and infrared devices to detect obstacles in front and judge them by computer. When it judges that there is an obstacle in front of it that will collide, it will brake itself without any intervention from the driver. At this moment, even if the driver is still slamming on the accelerator pedal, the car will not accelerate, but continue to brake until the brake stops.
  • EAPM of Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. belongs to this category.
  • such technologies are costly and are currently only deployed on high-end, high-end models.
  • the increasingly mature car unmanned technology can completely avoid accidentally stepping on the accelerator pedal, but the driverless technology can not completely replace the driver.
  • the driverless technology can not completely replace the driver.
  • the present invention aims to solve at least the technical problems existing in the prior art, and the basis thereof is based on The detailed analysis of the accelerator pedal, in particular, innovatively proposes a vehicle anti-mistake accelerator pedal control system and control method.
  • a vehicle anti-mistake accelerator pedal control system and control method According to the applicant's analysis, it is almost impossible to accidentally step on the accelerator pedal when driving on a road. Almost all accidental steps on the accelerator pedal occur during the start and deceleration phases of the car.
  • the driver controls the speed of the vehicle by braking to realize the walking or stopping of the vehicle.
  • the driver's right foot must be placed on the brake pedal. When the foot is raised, the vehicle is walking, and when the foot is stepped on, the vehicle is decelerated or stop. Under such conditions, the driver hardly makes mistakes in accidentally stepping on the accelerator pedal.
  • an accelerator pedal is required to control the walking of the vehicle. If the ground has a slope or there is a large resistance, such as the underground garage exit, the floor of the grass, the getting on and off, the ground with grooves or ridges, or the parking lot built on the slope, etc.
  • the brakes are released, the idling vehicle is still moving, and it takes a little fuel to walk.
  • the driver needs to place his right foot on the accelerator pedal and use the accelerator pedal to control the vehicle.
  • the foot When the foot is slightly depressed, the car will slowly move forward or backward, and the foot will slow down or stop when it is released. Under such conditions, the foot should be quickly placed on the brake pedal when not refueling. When refueling, switch to the accelerator pedal.
  • the right foot should be frequently switched on the accelerator pedal and brake.
  • the driver's right foot is not changed to the brake pedal in time, but still stops at the accelerator pedal position. Since the driver is still decelerating the vehicle by releasing the accelerator pedal, the driver is subconsciously obscured, thinking that the foot is still placed on the brake pedal.
  • the driver instinctively wants to completely stop the brakes at this moment, so he will step on the end. That is to say, before the driver accidentally steps on the accelerator pedal, he has already made a deceleration through the accelerator pedal, which is the root cause of the accidental stepping. Unexpectedly, it was not the brakes but the accelerator pedal that was pushed at this time, which caused the vehicle to accelerate at full speed, and the result often caused a serious accident.
  • the invention provides a car anti-missing accelerator pedal control method, and the ECU and/or the second processing unit receive the vehicle speed information and the accelerator pedal information, when the vehicle speed information is equal to or lower than 15 km/h and the accelerator pedal is stepped on 2/3 Or 2/3 or more, the ECU or the second processing unit will regard it as a command illegal, and stop issuing any operational commands to the electronic throttle, the injector (or air nozzle), the igniter, or the electric drive assembly. At this point, the electronic throttle, fuel injector (or air nozzle) and igniter or electric drive assembly will continue to remain in their original working condition.
  • the automobile anti-missing accelerator pedal control method of the invention does not need to detect front obstacles by means of cameras, radar, ultrasonic range finder and infrared equipment, and does not need other additional hardware facilities (for example, an additional device for measuring throttle pedaling depth) ), it is only necessary to detect the vehicle speed information and the accelerator pedal information through the existing equipment on the vehicle to determine whether the driver accidentally steps on the accelerator pedal.
  • This determination method is simple and cost-effective; meanwhile, the present invention has a vehicle speed equal to or lower than 15 km. /h and the accelerator pedal is stepped on 2/3 or more than 2/3, it can be considered as an illegal command.
  • the 15km/h index is obtained based on a large number of analysis results of the accidental pedaling behavior, which is more appropriate with the actual driving situation, effectively avoiding the misjudgment and improving the accuracy of the car's anti-mistake accelerator pedal control.
  • an anti-missing accelerator pedal control system for a vehicle includes a vehicle speed detecting device, an accelerator pedal position detecting device, and an ECU, and the vehicle speed detecting The signal output ends of the device and the accelerator pedal position detecting device are respectively connected with the signal input end of the ECU.
  • the ECU will refuse to Send any operational commands to the electronic throttle, fuel injector (or air nozzle), igniter, or electric drive assembly.
  • the invention can write the control method inside the ECU, so no additional hardware setting is needed, the structure is simple, and the cost is reduced. For the old models, you can also enter the ECU through the OBD protocol. The cost of rewriting and updating is still low.
  • the present invention provides a vehicle anti-missing accelerator pedal control system including a vehicle speed detecting device, an accelerator pedal position detecting device, an ECU, and a second processing unit
  • the signal output ends of the vehicle speed detecting device and the accelerator pedal position detecting device are respectively connected to the signal input end of the ECU, the vehicle speed detecting device, the signal output end of the accelerator pedal position detecting device, and the control signal output end of the ECU and the second The input end of the processing unit is connected.
  • the normal working command issued by the ECU is cut off by the second processing unit, and the second processing unit is Nor does it issue any operational commands to the electronic throttle, injector (or air nozzle), and igniter power drive assemblies to keep them in their original working condition.
  • the present invention can be controlled by a second processing unit independent of the ECU, which is very suitable for vehicles in which the ECU is inconvenient to rewrite, update or upgrade.
  • the warning device is further included, and when the ECU or the independent second processing unit receives the illegal command to accidentally step on the accelerator pedal, the warning device is also sent a warning message to prompt the driver to quickly correct the problem. Wrong driving behavior improves safety.
  • control switch is further included to control the operation of the vehicle anti-missing accelerator pedal control system.
  • the system default control switch is turned on.
  • the driver can turn off the operation of the system according to the actual driving situation to meet the driving requirements under certain conditions, so as to fully utilize the functions of the original car, which is very practical and user-friendly.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of a vehicle anti-misplace accelerator pedal control system in a first preferred embodiment of the present invention; intention;
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a vehicle anti-misplace accelerator pedal control system according to a second preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG 3 is a schematic structural view of a vehicle anti-missing accelerator pedal control system in a third preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • the present invention sets two preconditions for judging the driver's behavior of accidentally stepping on the accelerator pedal.
  • the vehicle speed is very low, the driver is driving at a low speed, and is also slowing down the car;
  • the action of stepping on the pedal is large. Because the driver wants to stop the car completely, it is necessary to step on it. If these two conditions occur at the same time, that is, if the accelerator pedal is slammed under the condition of low speed, it can be judged that the driver accidentally steps on the accelerator pedal.
  • the core central electronic control unit (ECU) in the car engine management system is based on the data transmitted by the vehicle speed sensor and the accelerator pedal sensor.
  • the invention is applicable not only to fuel vehicles, but also to pure electric vehicles and hybrid vehicles.
  • the accelerator pedal is one of an accelerator pedal, an electric vehicle accelerator pedal, and an accelerator pedal of a hybrid vehicle.
  • the ECU in the engine management system can also prevent the accelerator pedal (the accelerator pedal) from being accidentally depressed by the other two control nodes, one is the injector; the other is the igniter.
  • the ECU can also reject it in two other ways. First, it does not issue an instruction to the injector to inject fuel; second, it does not issue an ignition command to the igniter.
  • the simplest and most direct way is to use electronic throttle to prevent the wrong behavior of accidentally stepping on the accelerator pedal. Because under normal circumstances, the ECU first calculates the signal of the electronic throttle according to the signal of the accelerator pedal, and then calculates the injector and the igniter.
  • an ECU in an automobile engine management system can prevent an accidental step on the accelerator pedal by controlling the electric drive assembly.
  • the ECU in the automobile engine management system can prevent the accelerator pedal from being accidentally depressed by controlling the corresponding power system. See the following three implementations for details.
  • the present invention provides a vehicle anti-missing accelerator pedal control system, as shown in FIG. 1, which includes a vehicle speed detecting device and an accelerator pedal position.
  • the signal output ends of the detecting device and the ECU, the vehicle speed detecting device and the accelerator pedal position detecting device are respectively connected to the signal input end of the ECU, and when the vehicle speed information is equal to or lower than 15 km/h and the accelerator pedal is stepped down by 2/3 or 2/3 Above, the ECU will no longer issue any operational commands to the electronic throttle, injector, or igniter.
  • the vehicle speed detecting device may be, but not limited to, a vehicle speed sensor and the like capable of detecting the vehicle speed.
  • the accelerator pedal position detecting device may be, but not limited to, an accelerator pedal sensor or the like for detecting the position of the accelerator pedal.
  • the specific connection is made on the existing vehicle. Connection method.
  • an alerting device can also be provided, and the alerting device is connected to the ECU.
  • the warning device is also alerted to the alerting device. Information, warning device work.
  • the present invention provides a vehicle anti-missing accelerator pedal control system, as shown in FIG. 2, which includes a vehicle speed detecting device, an accelerator pedal position detecting device, an ECU, and a second process.
  • the signal output ends of the unit, the vehicle speed detecting device and the accelerator pedal position detecting device are respectively connected to the signal input end of the ECU, the vehicle speed detecting device, the signal output end of the accelerator pedal position detecting device, and the control signal output end of the ECU and the second processing unit
  • the input terminals are connected.
  • the normal working command issued by the ECU is cut off by the second processing unit, the electronic throttle valve and the fuel injector.
  • the igniter will continue to maintain the original working state because it has not received a new operation command.
  • an alerting device is also provided, and the alerting device is connected to the second processing unit.
  • the second processing unit intercepts the command issued by the ECU, it also sends a warning message to the alerting device to operate the alerting device.
  • the warning device in the present invention may be, but not limited to, one or a combination of a buzzer and a light reminder.
  • the driver is given a light and sound signal to remind the driver that the wrong operation is being performed, prompting the driver to quickly correct and improve the safety.
  • the invention also provides a vehicle anti-missing accelerator pedal control method, which can be implemented by using the control system in the two embodiments of the present invention, in particular, the ECU and/or the second processing unit receive the vehicle speed information and the accelerator pedal information when the vehicle speed is When the information is equal to or lower than 15km/h and the accelerator pedal is stepped on 2/3 or more, the ECU or the second processing unit will no longer issue an operation command to the electronic throttle, the injector, and the igniter.
  • the ECU performs signal processing and calculation for each sensor according to a pre-stored algorithm or a processing program, and issues an execution command to different controllers according to the calculation result.
  • the specific behavior lamming the accelerator pedal
  • the limited condition at a speed of 15 kilometers per hour
  • the marginal cost of doing so is extremely low or even near zero cost.
  • the OBD protocol can be used to enter the original ECU internal program for rewriting and updating, and the problem of accidentally stepping on the accelerator pedal can be solved without too much cost.
  • it can also be installed in the original car through program upgrade.
  • the present invention can be integrated into the existing automatic driving technology, and adopts partial auto-driving technology (that is, the automatic driving technique is adopted, but the automatic driving technology does not take over the whole car, and the driver needs to participate in the driving of the car)
  • partial auto-driving technology that is, the automatic driving technique is adopted, but the automatic driving technology does not take over the whole car, and the driver needs to participate in the driving of the car
  • the ECU or the second processing unit determines that the driver accidentally steps on the accelerator pedal, it not only ignores the illegal command, but also issues an instruction to the automatic transmission to request the disconnection.
  • the brake control system can be further required to signal that braking is required.
  • the anti-missing accelerator pedal function After the car realizes the anti-missing accelerator pedal function, it will hardly affect the normal driving habits. When the car speed is below 15 km, the system defaults to the function. At speeds above 15 km, it will automatically shut down. When the car needs to be refueled during normal driving, since the speed is generally more than 15 kilometers, the anti-missing accelerator pedal function is automatically turned off, and the accelerator pedal will accelerate rapidly, and peacetime is no different.
  • the car anti-missing accelerator pedal control system is invented and designed through a large number of analysis results of accidentally stepping on the accelerator pedal, and is accurate, simple and effective.
  • a control switch is specially provided for the driver to select. .
  • the control switch is connected to the control end of the ECU, and the default control switch is closed when the vehicle is started, when the vehicle speed information is equal to or lower than 15 km/h and the accelerator pedal is stepped on 2/3 or 2
  • the ECU will no longer issue any operation commands to the electronic throttle, injector, and igniter; when the control switch is turned off, even if the vehicle speed information is equal to or lower than 15km/h and the accelerator pedal is depressed 2
  • the ECU can normally issue an operation command to the electronic throttle, the injector, and the igniter.
  • the control switch is connected to the control end of the second processing unit, and the default control switch is closed when the vehicle is started, when the vehicle speed information is equal to or lower than 15 km/h and the acceleration step is
  • the second processing unit will cut off the operation command issued by the ECU to the electronic throttle, the injector, and the igniter; when the control switch is cut off, when the vehicle speed information is equal to or Below 15km/h and the accelerator pedal is stepped on 2/3 or more, the second processing unit will no longer interrupt the ECU's work command to the electronic throttle, injector, or igniter.
  • the anti-missing accelerator pedal switch can also be integrated into the driving mode selector switch.
  • the driving mode selector switch When the driver selects the sport mode, super sports mode, track mode, ejection start mode or four-wheel drive off-road mode, The anti-missing accelerator pedal switch is simultaneously turned off; or the driver actively turns off this function according to the actual driving situation, thereby improving the applicability of the present invention and the accuracy of preventing accidental stepping. At this point, a light prompt should be given on the dashboard to let the driver know that this feature is currently off.
  • the signal output ends of the vehicle speed detecting device and the accelerator pedal position detecting device are respectively connected to the signal input end of the ECU when the vehicle speed information is equal to or low.
  • the ECU will no longer issue any operational commands to the electric drive assembly.
  • the anti-missing function in order to prevent the function of the tamper-proof accelerator pedal from interfering with the full function of the electric vehicle, it is necessary to separately provide a switch for the tamper-proof function. Because in some cases, such as when the driver wants to accelerate the start, the anti-missing function will limit the driver's behavior, so it is necessary to set a separate switch for the anti-step function in the cockpit. When the electric car is started, the default anti-false stepping function is enabled. But when the driver needs to accelerate the start, you can turn off this feature. On many models, the anti-missing function switch can also be integrated into the driving mode selector switch.
  • the defense When the driver selects the sport mode, super sports mode, track mode, ejection start mode or four-wheel drive off-road mode, the defense The accidental stepping on the oil function is also turned off, and a light prompt is given on the dashboard to let the driver know that the function is currently off. By setting such a switch, it is possible to effectively avoid any interference with normal driving habits and all driving functions of the car.
  • the ECU or the second processing unit will No further operational commands are issued to the electronic throttle, fuel injector, igniter or to the electric drive assembly.
  • the electronic throttle, fuel injector, igniter or electric drive assembly will continue to operate.
  • a hybrid electric vehicle when fuel is used as a power, the ECU will control the fuel vehicle according to the present invention. Control, when power is used, the ECU will control the control strategy of the electric vehicle in accordance with the present invention.
  • the invention is also applicable to a gas automobile, and the gas automobile can be controlled with reference to the fuel automobile, but the control of the injector can be changed to the control of the gas nozzle of the gas automobile, and those skilled in the art can refer to the above three embodiments of the present invention.
  • the implementation of the method is not described here.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
  • Auxiliary Drives, Propulsion Controls, And Safety Devices (AREA)
  • Control Of Throttle Valves Provided In The Intake System Or In The Exhaust System (AREA)

Abstract

一种汽车防误踩加速踏板控制系统及控制方法，当车速信息等于或低于15km/h且加速踏板被踩下2/3或2/3以上时，ECU判断其为非法命令，不再向电子节气门、喷油器、点火器三者或电力驱动总成发出任何操作命令，并同时向警示系统发出信号以提醒驾驶者迅速改正。不需要借助摄像头、雷达、超声测距仪和红外线等设备检测车前障碍物，也不需要其余附加硬件设施，只需通过现有设备检测车速信息以及加速踏板信息即可判断出驾驶者是否为误踩，判断方法简单、节约成本；同时，采用15km/h的指标，与实际驾驶情况更加贴切，有效避免了误判的情况，极大提高了汽车防误踩控制的准确性。

Description

汽车防误踩加速踏板控制系统及控制方法 技术领域
本发明涉及汽车控制技术领域，特别是涉及一种汽车防误踩加速踏板控制系统及控制方法。
背景技术
误踩加速踏板往往导致严重交通事故，造成生命财产的重大损失，有关这一类事故的新闻报道经常见诸于各类媒体。但这种事故仅发生于自动挡车型，对于手动挡车型来说，由于必须养成踩刹车同时踩下离合的驾驶习惯，当误踩加速踏板时，由于驾驶者仍然下意识以为自己踩下的是刹车，所以也同时踩下了离合，导致发动机只是加油空转，并不会造成任何事故。驾驶者误踩加速踏板的发生概率相当之高，即使是驾龄很长的老师傅也会偶然发生。
为了防止驾驶者误踩加速踏板，有很多人提出了防止误踩加速踏板的技术，这些技术可以分为以下两类，一类是通过判断驾驶者的行为来确定是否误踩加速踏板，从而对此进行控制。通常是将驾驶者猛踩加速踏板的行为判断为是误踩加速踏板，从而通过机械或电子控制方式使之失效，有些甚至还能直接进行制动。这一类技术的问题在于，完全将猛踩加速踏板等同于误踩加速踏板，犯有严重的逻辑错误。猛踩加速踏板仅是误踩加速踏板的必要条件，但并非充分条件。但很多情况下，如急加油起步，弹射起步或急加速超车或加速逃避障碍 及危险，四驱越野脱困等等，都需要猛踩加速踏板。如果此时不能迅速加速，反而会造成严重的安全事故。另外，采用这一类技术来防止驾驶者误踩加速踏板，还需要改变现有的驾驶习惯，所以很难为人们接受。其次，这一类控制方式是在现有汽车的管理控制系统之外另外再加装一套系统，属于画蛇添足，还涉及制造及安装成本的问题，因此至今为止没有任何汽车厂家采用这一类技术。
第二类控制技术是依据汽车防碰撞技术衍生出来的防误踩加速踏板技术。这一类技术主要借助于摄像头、雷达、超声测距仪和红外线等设备来探测前方障碍，并通过计算机进行判断。当它判断前方出现障碍将要碰撞时会自行制动，而无须驾驶者进行任何干预。在这一时刻，即使驾驶者仍然猛踩加速踏板，汽车也不会加速前行，而是继续制动直至刹停。如日本日产汽车公司的EAPM就属于这一类。但这类技术成本较高，目前只配置在高端高配车型上。而且，目前这类技术只有在清晰简单以及较短距离的情况下才能作出准确判断，在交通混乱所导致的模糊状态下有时还会误判。它并不能防止所有误踩加速踏板的行为，如前方并未出现障碍而是深沟，或是距离超出它的作用距离等等，它就不会启动，此时误踩加速踏板仍然会导致严重事故。
另外，汽车无人驾驶技术的日趋成熟最终可以完全避免误踩加速踏板，但无人驾驶技术并不能完全取代有人驾驶，在很多时候，仍然会有人愿意自己接管汽车进行驾驶，享受驾驶的乐趣。在这些时候，当汽车由人来驾驶时，仍然存在着误踩加速踏板的可能。
发明内容
本发明旨在至少解决现有技术中存在的技术问题，其基础在于根据对误踩 加速踏板的详细分析，特别创新地提出了一种汽车防误踩加速踏板控制系统及控制方法。根据申请人分析，在道路上驾车正常行驶时，几乎不可能发生误踩加速踏板的行为。几乎所有误踩加速踏板的行为都发生在汽车起步及减速停车阶段。此时，驾驶者是通过刹车来控制车辆怠速的大小来实现汽车的行走或停止，驾驶者的右脚必然是放在刹车踏板之上，脚抬高汽车即行走，脚踩下汽车即减速或停止。在这样的条件下，驾驶者几乎不会犯下误踩加速踏板的错误。
但是，在有些情况之下，需要利用加速踏板才能控制车辆的行走。如地面有坡度或出现较大阻力的情况下，诸如地下车库出口，铺筑草砖的地面，上下车渡，地面有沟槽或土坎，或坡地上修建的停车场等等，这时只是松开刹车，仅凭怠速车辆仍然原动不动，这就需要稍稍加油才能行走。此时，驾驶者需要将右脚放在加速踏板上，用加速踏板来控制车辆。脚稍稍踩下，车就缓缓前行或后退，脚放开就减速或停止。本来在这样的条件下，不加油时脚就应该迅速放在刹车踏板上去，加油时再换到加速踏板上来，右脚应在加速踏板和刹车上频繁转换。但是，如果此时出现了外界干扰，如手机响了，有人喊话，或自己因故分心等等，驾驶者的右脚并未及时换到刹车踏板，而是仍然停在加速踏板位置。由于驾驶者此时还在通过松开加速踏板的方式实现车辆的减速，会让驾驶者下意识处于模糊状态，以为脚仍然是放在刹车踏板上。但由于外界出现了让他分心的干扰，驾驶者此刻本能的想要完全将车刹停，所以就会一踩到底。也就是说，在驾驶者误踩加速踏板之前，他已经通过加速踏板做出过减速的动作，这是导致误踩的根本原因。不料此时踩下的并非刹车而是加速踏板，导致车辆全力加速，结果往往酿成严重车祸。
根据上述分析，为了实现本发明的上述目的，根据本发明的第一个方面， 本发明提供了一种汽车防误踩加速踏板控制方法，ECU和/或第二处理单元接收车速信息以及加速踏板信息，当车速信息等于或低于15km/h且加速踏板被踩下2/3或2/3以上时，ECU或第二处理单元将视其为命令非法，并停止向电子节气门、喷油器(或喷气嘴)、点火器三者或电力驱动总成发出任何操作命令，此时，电子节气门、喷油器(或喷气嘴)和点火器或电力驱动总成将继续保持原有的工作状态。
本发明的汽车防误踩加速踏板控制方法不需要借助摄像头、雷达、超声测距仪和红外线等设备检测车前障碍物，也不需要其他附加的硬件设施(例如附加的测量油门踩踏深度的装置)，只需要通过车辆上现有的设备检测车速信息以及加速踏板信息就可以判断出驾驶者是否误踩加速踏板，这种判断方法简单、节约成本；同时，本发明在车速等于或低于15km/h且加速踏板被踩下2/3或2/3以上时，即可认定其为非法命令。采用15km/h的指标，系根据对误踩加速踏板行为的大量分析结果所得出，与实际驾驶情况更加贴切，有效避免了误判的情况，提高了汽车防误踩加速踏板控制的准确性。
为了实现本发明的上述目的，根据本发明的第二个方面，本发明提供了一种汽车防误踩加速踏板控制系统，其包括车速检测装置、加速踏板位置检测装置和ECU，所述车速检测装置、加速踏板位置检测装置的信号输出端分别与ECU的信号输入端相连，当车速信息等于或低于15km/h且加速踏板被踩下2/3或2/3以上时，ECU将拒绝再向电子节气门、喷油器(或喷气嘴)、点火器三者或者电力驱动总成发出任何操作命令。
本发明可以将控制方法编写在ECU内部，因此不需要任何附加硬件设置，结构简单、降低了成本。对于旧有车型而言，还可通过OBD协议进入到ECU进 行改写和更新升级，成本仍然低廉。
为了实现本发明的上述目的，根据本发明的第三个方面，本发明提供了一种汽车防误踩加速踏板控制系统，其包括车速检测装置、加速踏板位置检测装置、ECU和第二处理单元，所述车速检测装置、加速踏板位置检测装置的信号输出端分别与ECU的信号输入端相连，所述车速检测装置、加速踏板位置检测装置的信号输出端以及ECU的控制信号输出端与第二处理单元的输入端相连，当车速信息等于或低于15km/h且加速踏板被踩下2/3或2/3以上时，ECU发出的正常工作命令被第二处理单元截断，第二处理单元也不向电子节气门、喷油器(或喷气嘴)、点火器三者电力驱动总成发出任何操作命令，让它们继续保持原有的工作状态。
本发明可以采用一个与ECU独立的第二处理单元进行控制，对于ECU不便改写、更新或升级的车辆非常适用。
在本发明的一种优选实施方式中，还包括警示装置，当ECU或独立的第二处理单元接收到误踩加速踏板的非法命令时，还将通过警示装置发出警示信息，提醒驾驶员迅速更正错误驾驶行为，提高了安全性。
在本发明的另一种优选实施方式中，还包括控制开关，控制汽车防误踩加速踏板控制系统的运行，在汽车启动时，系统默认控制开关接通。但驾驶者可根据实际驾驶情况来关闭该系统的运作，以满足特定条件下的驾驶要求，以充分发挥原有汽车的功能，非常实用和人性化。
附图说明
图1是本发明第一优选实施方式中汽车防误踩加速踏板控制系统的结构示 意图；
图2是本发明第二优选实施方式中汽车防误踩加速踏板控制系统的结构示意图；
图3是本发明第三优选实施方式中汽车防误踩加速踏板控制系统的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面详细描述本发明的实施例，所述实施例的示例在附图中示出，其中自始至终相同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。下面通过参考附图描述的实施例是示例性的，仅用于解释本发明，而不能理解为对本发明的限制。
在本发明的描述中，除非另有规定和限定，需要说明的是，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是机械连接或电连接，也可以是两个元件内部的连通，可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语的具体含义。
本发明为判断驾驶者误踩加速踏板的行为设置了两个前置条件，一是车速很低，驾驶者本来就在低速行驶，而且还正在给汽车减速；二是踩下踏板的动作较大，因为驾驶者想要把车完全停止，所以要一踩到底。如果这两个条件同时出现，即在车速很低的条件下猛踩加速踏板，即可判断为驾驶者误踩加速踏板。此时，汽车发动机管理系统里最核心的中央电子控制单元(ECU)根据车速传感器和加速踏板传感器传递的数据，只要发现车速在低于15公里时速的时候，加速踏板被踩到2/3或2/3以上的位置，就不再向电子节气门发出任何操作指 令，使误踩加速踏板的行为归于无效。也就是说，当车速在低于15公里时速时，任何试图将电子节气门打开2/3及以上的所有操作将会被ECU视为是非法命令，它将直接予以拒绝，同时还给出灯光和音响警示信号，以提示驾驶者正在误踩加速踏板。当驾驶者发现自己误踩加速踏板之后，将会迅速将脚换至刹车踏板，踩下刹车将车停止，从而避免车祸。
本发明不仅适用于燃油汽车，同样适用于纯电动汽车和混合动力汽车。
在本实施方式中，加速踏板为油门踏板、电动车加速踏板、混合动力汽车的加速踏板三者之一。
在燃油汽车中，除了电子节气门之外，汽车发动机管理系统中的ECU还可以通过其它两个控制节点来防止误踩加速踏板(油门踏板)，一是喷油器；二是点火器。易而言之，对于误踩加速踏板的非法命令，ECU还可以用另外两种方式予以拒绝，一是它不向喷油器发出喷油的指令；二是不向点火器发出点火的指令。当然，最简单最直接的方式就是利用电子节气门来防止误踩加速踏板的错误行为。因为在正常情况下，ECU首先要根据加速踏板的信号计算出电子节气门的信号，然后再对喷油器和点火器进行计算。
在电动汽车中，汽车发动机管理系统中的ECU可以通过控制电力驱动总成来防止误踩加速踏板。
在混合动力汽车中(例如油电混合动力汽车或者气电混合动力汽车)，汽车发动机管理系统中的ECU可以通过控制相应地动力系统来防止误踩加速踏板。具体情况见如下三个实施方式。
基于此设计，在本发明的第一种优选实施方式中，本发明提供了一种汽车防误踩加速踏板控制系统，如图1所示，其包括车速检测装置、加速踏板位置 检测装置和ECU，车速检测装置、加速踏板位置检测装置的信号输出端分别与ECU的信号输入端相连，当车速信息等于或低于15km/h且加速踏板被踩下2/3或2/3以上时，ECU将不再向电子节气门、喷油器、点火器三者发出任何操作命令。
本发明中车速检测装置可以为但不限于车速传感器等能够检测车速的装置，加速踏板位置检测装置可以为但不限于油门踏板传感器等检测油门踏板位置的装置，具体的连接采用现有车辆上的连接方式。
在该实施方式中，还可以设置警示装置，该警示装置与ECU相连，当ECU不再向电子节气门、喷油器、点火器三者发出任何操作命令时，同时还要向警示装置发出警示信息，警示装置工作。
在本发明的第二种优选实施方式中，本发明提供了一种汽车防误踩加速踏板控制系统，如图2所示，其包括车速检测装置、加速踏板位置检测装置、ECU和第二处理单元，车速检测装置、加速踏板位置检测装置的信号输出端分别与ECU的信号输入端相连，车速检测装置、加速踏板位置检测装置的信号输出端以及ECU的控制信号输出端与第二处理单元的输入端相连，当车速信息等于或低于15km/h且加速踏板被踩下2/3或2/3以上时，ECU发出的正常工作命令被第二处理单元截断，电子节气门、喷油器、点火器三者由于没有接受到新的操作命令所以将继续维持原有的工作状态。
在该实施方式中，同样还将设置警示装置，警示装置与第二处理单元相连，当第二处理单元截断ECU所发出的命令时，同时还向警示装置发出警示信息，警示装置工作。
本发明中警示装置可以为但不限于蜂鸣器、灯光提示器之一或组合，可采 用现有的连接方式和驱动方式，通过向驾驶者发出灯光及声音信号，提醒驾驶者正在进行错误操作，促使驾驶者迅速改正，提高了安全性。
本发明还提供了一种汽车防误踩加速踏板控制方法，可以利用本发明两个实施方式中的控制系统实现，具体是ECU和/或第二处理单元接收车速信息以及加速踏板信息，当车速信息等于或低于15km/h且加速踏板被踩下2/3或2/3以上时，ECU或第二处理单元将不再向电子节气门、喷油器、点火器三者发出操作命令。
ECU是根据预先存储的算法或叫处理程序来完成对各个传感器送来的信号处理和计算，并根据计算结果分别向不同的控制器发出执行命令。在本实施方式中，只要预先能在ECU现有程序之中多加入一小段代码，让它将限定条件之下(时速在15公里之下)的特定行为(猛踩加速踏板)视为是非法命令，即可轻松实现防误踩加速踏板的功能。对于ECU原开发厂商来说，这样做的边际成本极低甚至几近零成本。对于正规的汽车改装厂来说，可通过OBD协议进入到原厂ECU内部程序进行改写及更新，也不需要太多成本就能解决误踩加速踏板的老大难问题。也就是说，防止误踩加速踏板技术除了可在新车上使用之外，还可通过程序升级安装在原有的汽车里。
现有很多车型为了以后的功能扩展，都在驾驶舱里预留了开关位置，在仪表盘上也预留了灯光提示位置。所以在现有车型上升级防误踩加速踏板功能，加装物理开关及灯光提示，也是非常简单的事情。当驾驶者做出误踩加速踏板的操作之后，防误踩加速踏板功能启动，还需要给出声响讯号，也就是说ECU将向蜂鸣器发出一个信号。基本上，所以这些只要加装几条线束就可解决。本来汽车发动机管理控制系统的中央电子控制单元的输出接口就有富余，也是为 了方便以后功能的升级。
另外，本发明可以整合进现有的自动驾驶技术之中，在采用部分自动驾驶技术(即采用了自动驾驶技术但自动驾驶技术没有将全车接管，汽车驾驶时还需要驾驶者的参加)的车辆上，当ECU或第二处理单元判断驾驶者误踩加速踏板之后，不仅是作为非法命令不予理睬，还可向自动变速箱发出指令，要求断开离合。除此之外，还可进一步要求制动控制系统发出信号，要求执行制动。
汽车在实现防误踩加速踏板功能之后，几乎不会影响到正常的驾驶习惯。当汽车时速在15公里以下时，系统默认该功能处于开启状态。超过15公里时速，它就将自动关闭。在汽车正常行驶过程中如果需要急加油时，由于时速一般已经超过15公里，防误踩加速踏板功能自动处于关闭状态，猛踏加速踏板汽车即会迅速加速，和平时无异。
本汽车防误踩加速踏板控制系统正是通过对于误踩加速踏板行为的大量分析结果发明和设计出来的，具有准确、简单和有效的特点。但为了不干扰到汽车有些特定驾驶功能的实现，如急加油起步，运动模式、超级运动模式、赛道模式、弹射起步模式、四驱越野等等，特别设置了一个控制开关供驾驶者进行选择。在本发明的第一种优选实施方式中，控制开关与ECU的控制端相连，汽车启动时默认控制开关闭合，当车速信息等于或低于15km/h且加速踏板被踩下2/3或2/3以上时，ECU将不再向电子节气门、喷油器、点火器三者中发出任何操作命令；控制开关切断时，即使车速信息等于或低于15km/h且加速踏板被踩下2/3或2/3以上时，ECU可正常向电子节气门、喷油器、点火器发出操作命令。
在本发明的第二种优选实施方式中，控制开关与第二处理单元的控制端相连，当汽车启动时默认控制开关闭合，当车速信息等于或低于15km/h且加速踏 板被踩下2/3或2/3以上时，第二处理单元将截断ECU向电子节气门、喷油器、点火器三者中发出的操作命令；控制开关切断时，当车速信息等于或低于15km/h且加速踏板被踩下2/3或2/3以上时，第二处理单元将不再截断ECU向电子节气门、喷油器、点火器发出的工作命令。
通过单独设置控制开关，可以避免防误踩功能干扰到汽车全部性能的发挥。例如，当驾驶者需要急加油起步时，就可以关闭这个功能。在很多车型上，防误踩加速踏板的开关还可以整合进驾驶模式的选择开关之中，当驾驶者选择了运动模式、超级运动模式、赛道模式、弹射起步模式或者四驱越野模式时，防误踩加速踏板开关同时随之关闭；或者驾驶员根据实际驾驶情况主动关闭这一功能，提高了本发明的适用性和防误踩的准确性。此时应在仪表盘上给出灯光提示，让驾驶者了解到此一功能目前处于关闭状态。
在本发明的第三优选实施方式中，如图3所示，在电动汽车中，车速检测装置、加速踏板位置检测装置的信号输出端分别与ECU的信号输入端相连，当车速信息等于或低于15km/h且加速踏板被踩下2/3或2/3以上时，ECU将不再向电力驱动总成发出任何操作命令。
在本实施方式中，为避免防误踩加速踏板的功能干扰到电动汽车的全部功能的发挥，需要为防误踩功能单独设置一个开关。因为在某些情况下，例如当驾驶者想要急加速起步时，防误踩功能就会限制驾驶者的行为，所以需要在驾驶舱内为防误踩功能单独设置一个开关。当电动汽车启动时，系统默认防误踩功能开启。但当驾驶者需要急加速起步时，就可以关闭这个功能。在很多车型上，防误踩功能开关还可以整合进驾驶模式的选择开关之中，当驾驶者选择了运动模式、超级运动模式、赛道模式、弹射起步模式或者四驱越野模式时，防 误踩油功能同时随之关闭，同时还在仪表盘上给出灯光提示，让驾驶者了解到此一功能目前处于关闭状态。通过设置这样一个开关，将能够有效避免对正常的驾驶习惯和汽车全部驾驶功能产生任何干扰。
在本发明中，驾驶者通过加速踏板做出减速动作后，当车速信息等于或低于15km/h，且加速踏板被踩下2/3或2/3以上时，ECU或第二处理单元将不再向电子节气门、喷油器、点火器三者或者向电力驱动总成发出任何操作命令，电子节气门、喷油器、点火器或向电力驱动总成将继续保持原来的工作状态。
需要说明的是，虽然没有举出混合动力汽车的例子，但是依据本领域技术人员的理解，例如油电混合动力汽车，当采用燃油为动力时，ECU将按照本发明对燃油汽车的控制策略进行控制，当采用电力为动力时，ECU将按照本发明对电动汽车的控制策略进行控制。
本发明同样适用于燃气汽车，燃气汽车可参照燃油汽车进行控制，只是将对喷油器的控制变为对燃气汽车喷气嘴的控制即可，本领域技术人员可参照本发明上述三个实施例的方式实施，在此不作赘述。
在本说明书的描述中，参考术语“一个实施例”、“一些实施例”、“示例”、“具体示例”、或“一些示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本发明的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中，对上述术语的示意性表述不一定指的是相同的实施例或示例。而且，描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任何的一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。
尽管已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例，本领域的普通技术人员可以理解：在不脱离本发明的原理和宗旨的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、 替换和变型，本发明的范围由权利要求及其等同物限定。

Claims (16)

  1. 一种汽车防误踩加速踏板控制系统，其特征在于，包括车速检测装置、加速踏板位置检测装置和ECU，所述车速检测装置、加速踏板位置检测装置的信号输出端分别与ECU的信号输入端相连，当车速信息等于或低于15km/h且加速踏板被踩下2/3或2/3以上时，ECU将视其为非法命令，并拒绝向电子节气门、喷油器/喷气嘴、点火器三者或者电力驱动总成发出任何操作命令，电子节气门、喷油器/喷气嘴、点火器三者或者电力驱动总成将继续保持原来的工作状态。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的汽车防误踩加速踏板控制系统，其特征在于，所述加速踏板为油门踏板、电动汽车加速踏板、混合动力汽车的加速踏板三者之一。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的汽车防误踩加速踏板控制系统，其特征在于，还包括警示装置，所述警示装置与ECU相连，当ECU判断为误踩加速踏板的非法命令时，ECU向警示装置发出警示信息，警示装置工作。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的汽车防误踩加速踏板控制系统，其特征在于，所述警示装置包括蜂鸣器、灯光提示器之一或组合。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的汽车防误踩加速踏板控制系统，其特征在于，在采用部分自动驾驶技术的车辆上，当ECU判断驾驶者误踩加速踏板之后，ECU向自动变速箱发出指令，断开离合。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的汽车防误踩加速踏板控制系统，其特征在于，在采用部分自动驾驶技术的车辆上，当ECU向自动变速箱发出指令断开离合时，ECU要求制动控制系统发出信号，执行制动。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的汽车防误踩加速踏板控制系统，其特征在于，还包括控制开关，所述控制开关与ECU的控制端相连，汽车启动时，系统默认控制开关闭合，当车速信息等于或低于15km/h且加速踏板被踩下2/3或2/3以上时，ECU将不再向电子节气门、喷油器/喷气嘴、点火器三者或者电力驱动总成发出操作命令；控制开关切断时，当车速信息等于或低于15km/h且加速踏板被踩下2/3或2/3以上时，ECU将视其为合法命令，正常向电子节气门、喷油器/喷气嘴、点火器三者或者电力驱动总成发出操作命令。
  8. 一种汽车防误踩加速踏板控制系统，其特征在于，包括车速检测装置、加速踏板位置检测装置、ECU和第二处理单元，所述车速检测装置、加速踏板位置检测装置的信号输出端分别与ECU的信号输入端相连，所述车速检测装置、加速踏板位置检测装置的信号输出端以及ECU的控制信号输出端与第二处理单元的输入端相连，当车速信息等于或低于15km/h且加速踏板被踩下2/3或2/3以上时，ECU发出的正常操作命令被第二处理单元截断，使电子节气门、喷油器、点火器三者或者电力驱动总成接收不到ECU所发命令，仍然保持原来的工作状态。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的汽车防误踩加速踏板控制系统，其特征在于，还包括警示装置，所述警示装置与第二处理单元相连，当第二处理单元截断ECU向电子节气门、喷油器/喷气嘴、点火器三者或者向电力驱动总成发出的操作命令的同时，还要向警示装置发出警示信息，警示装置工作。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的汽车防误踩加速踏板控制系统，其特征在于，所述警示装置包括蜂鸣器、灯光提示器之一或组合。
  11. 根据权利要求8所述的汽车防误踩加速踏板控制系统，其特征在于， 还包括控制开关，所述控制开关与第二处理单元的控制端相连，系统默认控制开关闭合，当车速信息等于或低于15km/h且加速踏板被踩下2/3或2/3以上时，第二处理单元将截断ECU向电子节气门、喷油器/喷气嘴、点火器或者向电力驱动总成发出的任何操作命令；当控制开关切断时，当车速信息等于或低于15km/h且加速踏板被踩下2/3或2/3以上时，第二处理单元不再截断ECU所发出的命令。
  12. 根据权利要求8所述的汽车防误踩加速踏板控制系统，其特征在于，在采用部分自动驾驶技术的车辆上，当ECU发出的正常操作命令被第二处理单元截断时，第二处理单元向自动变速箱发出指令，断开离合。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的汽车防误踩加速踏板控制系统，其特征在于，在采用部分自动驾驶技术的车辆上，第二处理单元向自动变速箱发出指令断开离合时，第二处理单元要求制动控制系统发出信号，执行制动。
  14. 一种汽车防误踩加速踏板控制方法，其特征在于，ECU和/或第二处理单元接收车速信息以及加速踏板信息，当车速信息等于或低于15km/h且加速踏板被踩下2/3或2/3以上时，ECU或第二处理单元将不再向电子节气门、喷油器、点火器三者或者向电力驱动总成发出任何操作命令，电子节气门、喷油器/喷气嘴、点火器或电力驱动总成将继续保持原来的工作状态。
  15. 一种汽车防误踩加速踏板控制方法，其特征在于，驾驶者通过加速踏板做出减速动作后，当车速信息等于或低于15km/h，且加速踏板被踩下2/3或2/3以上时，ECU或第二处理单元将不再向电子节气门、喷油器/喷气嘴、点火器三者或者向电力驱动总成发出任何操作命令，电子节气门、喷油器/喷气嘴、点火器或向电力驱动总成将继续保持原来的工作状态。
  16. 根据权利要求14所述的汽车防误踩加速踏板控制方法，其特征在于，还包括警示步骤，当ECU或第二处理单元根据预设的前置条件判断出误踩加速踏板行为时，同时还向警示装置发出警示命令，警示装置工作。
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