WO2017170216A1 - 液晶表示装置 - Google Patents
液晶表示装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2017170216A1 WO2017170216A1 PCT/JP2017/011981 JP2017011981W WO2017170216A1 WO 2017170216 A1 WO2017170216 A1 WO 2017170216A1 JP 2017011981 W JP2017011981 W JP 2017011981W WO 2017170216 A1 WO2017170216 A1 WO 2017170216A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- liquid crystal
- display device
- crystal display
- film
- polarizer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/30—Polarising elements
- G02B5/3025—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state
- G02B5/3033—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state in the form of a thin sheet or foil, e.g. Polaroid
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/133528—Polarisers
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/30—Polarising elements
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B1/00—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
- G02B1/10—Optical coatings produced by application to, or surface treatment of, optical elements
- G02B1/14—Protective coatings, e.g. hard coatings
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/133528—Polarisers
- G02F1/133531—Polarisers characterised by the arrangement of polariser or analyser axes
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a liquid crystal display device used for a monitor for a personal computer, a television and the like.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a viewing side and a backlight arranged above and below a liquid crystal cell of a liquid crystal display device.
- Patent Document 2 pays attention to the difference in contraction force between the absorption axis direction and the transmission axis direction of the polarizing plate, and warps the display device by reducing the contraction force of the polarizing plate in the main contraction direction at high temperature or high temperature and high humidity. Has improved.
- Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 have been studied for improvement by controlling the strain accompanying temperature change and the strain accompanying moisture absorption / desorption, a film having a low glass transition temperature such as a polyethylene terephthalate film is used. In this case, the influence of the residual strain (heat shrinkage rate) originally possessed by the film should not be taken into consideration.
- the problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal display device capable of highly controlling curling of a laminate comprising a polarizing plate / liquid crystal cell / polarizing plate in the liquid crystal display device.
- a polarizing plate is usually laminated on one surface of a liquid crystal cell so that the transmission axis direction of the polarizer is parallel to the long side direction of the liquid crystal display device, and the polarizer absorbs on the other surface.
- Polarizers are stacked so that the axial direction is parallel to the long side of the liquid crystal display device.
- the problem of the form factor that curls are likely to occur due to the contraction of the polarizing plate having the longer side of the polarizer absorption axis having a large shrinkage force (the curl is In general, it tends to occur in the long side direction), and due to the influence of the asymmetrical configuration of the upper and lower polarizing plates in the liquid crystal panel, the liquid crystal panel has the polarizer transmission axis of the upper and lower polarizing plates arranged in crossed Nicols as the long side
- the present inventors have found that it is the essence of the problem to be convex toward the polarizing plate.
- the shrinkage force of a film is measured using a TMA or the like to set the initial length with a minimal load at a low temperature at the start of the test, and measure the force in the shrinking direction during temperature rise while maintaining the initial length. To do.
- thermal shrinkage due to an increase in the free volume / occupied volume of the polymer due to the temperature increase at the same time as the shrinkage due to the recovery of residual strain accompanying the conformational change of the polymer (hereinafter simply referred to as thermal shrinkage)
- thermal shrinkage In the temperature range near the glass transition temperature of the polyester film (for example, about Tg + 50 ° C.), the thermal shrinkage is less than the thermal expansion. It expands and no contractile force is observed.
- the representative present invention is as follows. Item 1.
- a liquid crystal display device having a liquid crystal cell, a polarizing plate A bonded to one surface of the liquid crystal cell, and a polarizing plate B bonded to the other surface of the liquid crystal cell
- the polarizing plate A has a structure in which the transmission axis direction of the polarizer is parallel to the long side direction of the liquid crystal display device, and a polyester film is laminated on at least one surface of the polarizer.
- the polarizing plate B has a structure in which the absorption axis direction of the polarizer is parallel to the long side direction of the liquid crystal display device, and a protective film is laminated on at least one surface of the polarizer.
- the contraction force F f in the long side direction of the liquid crystal display device of the polyester film and the contraction force F p in the long side direction of the liquid crystal display device of the polarizer included in the polarizing plate B satisfy the following formula (1): Liquid crystal display device.
- Item 4. Item 4. The liquid crystal display device according to any one of Items 1 to 3, wherein the polyester film has a thickness of 40 to 200 ⁇ m.
- Item 5. Item 5. The liquid crystal display device according to any one of items 1 to 4, wherein an inclination of an orientation main axis of the polyester film with respect to a long side direction or a short side direction of the liquid crystal display device is 15 degrees or less.
- the liquid crystal display device according to any one of items 1 to 5, wherein an inclination of the shrink main axis of the polyester film with respect to a long side direction or a short side direction of the liquid crystal display device is 15 degrees or less.
- Item 7 In a liquid crystal panel having a liquid crystal cell, a polarizing plate A bonded to one surface of the liquid crystal cell, and a polarizing plate B bonded to the other surface of the liquid crystal cell, The polarizing plate A has a structure in which the transmission axis direction of the polarizer is parallel to the long side direction of the polarizing plate A, and a polyester film is laminated on at least one surface of the polarizer.
- the polarizing plate B has a structure in which the absorption axis direction of the polarizer is parallel to the long side direction of the polarizing plate B, and a protective film is laminated on at least one surface of the polarizer.
- the liquid crystal panel in which the contraction force F f in the long side direction of the polarizing plate A of the polyester film and the contraction force F p in the long side direction of the polarizing plate B of the polarizer included in the polarizing plate B satisfy the following formula (1).
- Item 10. Item 10. The liquid crystal panel according to any one of items 7 to 9, wherein the polyester film has a thickness of 40 to 200 ⁇ m.
- Item 11. Item 11. The liquid crystal panel according to any one of items 7 to 10, wherein an inclination of an orientation main axis of the polyester film with respect to a long side direction or a short side direction of the liquid crystal panel is 15 degrees or less.
- liquid crystal display device in which curling of a laminate (liquid crystal panel) composed of a polarizing plate / liquid crystal cell / polarizing plate generated in a high temperature or high temperature and high humidity environment is reduced.
- the screen of the liquid crystal display device is usually rectangular and has a long side and a short side.
- the “long side direction of the liquid crystal display device” is a direction parallel to the long side of the liquid crystal display device, and includes “long side direction of the polarizing plate A”, “long side direction of the polarizing plate B”, This is the same as “the long side direction of the polarizer of the polarizing plate B” and “the long side direction of the polyester film of the polarizing plate A”. Therefore, in this specification, “the long side direction of the liquid crystal display device” means “the long side direction of the polarizing plate A”, “the long side direction of the polarizing plate B”, and “the long side of the polarizer included in the polarizing plate B”.
- the “short-side direction of the liquid crystal display device” means a direction parallel to the short side of the liquid crystal display device and a direction perpendicular to the long-side direction.
- the liquid crystal display device of the present invention has at least a liquid crystal cell, a polarizing plate A bonded to one surface of the liquid crystal cell, and a polarizing plate B bonded to the other surface of the liquid crystal cell.
- a liquid crystal cell and a polarizing plate can usually be bonded together through an adhesion layer.
- the liquid crystal display device can include constituent members that are usually used in the liquid crystal display device, such as a backlight.
- the liquid crystal cell has a structure in which liquid crystal is sandwiched between two glass substrates.
- the thickness of the glass substrate constituting the liquid crystal cell may be 0.7 mm or less, 0.6 mm or less, 0.5 mm or less, 0.4 mm or less, 0.3 mm or less, or 0.25 mm or less. preferable.
- the transmission axis direction of the polarizer is parallel to the long side direction of the liquid crystal display device (that is, the transmission axis direction of the polarizer is parallel to the long side direction of the polarizing plate A). It has a structure in which a polyester film (used as a polarizer protective film) is laminated on at least one surface of the child.
- a protective film having a low retardation such as a TAC film, a cyclic olefin film, an acrylic film, or an optical compensation film can be laminated on the surface of the polarizer opposite to the surface on which the polyester film is laminated.
- the protective film having a low retardation can be, for example, a protective film having a retardation of 500 nm or less, 400 nm or less, 300 nm or less, 200 nm or less, 100 nm or less, or 50 nm or less.
- the polarizing plate A has a structure in which a polyester film is laminated only on one side of the polarizer and a protective film or an optical compensation film is not laminated on the other side of the polarizer.
- the polyester film can be placed on the liquid crystal cell side of the polarizer, or on the distal side (outside) of the liquid crystal cell (or both sides), but on the distal side (outside) of the polarizer liquid crystal cell It is preferable to arrange.
- the transmission axis direction of the polarizer is parallel to the long side direction of the liquid crystal display device, but it is most preferable that the transmission axis direction be completely parallel, but this is a concept that allows a slight deviation. That is, the angle formed by the transmission axis direction of the polarizer and the long side direction of the liquid crystal display device is preferably 7 degrees or less, preferably 5 degrees or less, preferably 3 degrees or less, preferably 2 degrees or less, and 1 degree or less. Is preferred, most preferably 0 degrees.
- the absorption axis direction of the polarizer is parallel to the long-side direction of the liquid crystal display device (that is, the absorption axis of the polarizer is parallel to the long-side direction of the polarizing plate B). It is the structure where the protective film was laminated
- a protective film with low retardation such as a TAC film, a cyclic olefin film, an acrylic film, or an optical compensation film can be laminated on the protective film.
- the protective film having a low retardation can be, for example, a protective film having a retardation of 500 nm or less, 400 nm or less, 300 nm or less, 200 nm or less, 100 nm or less, or 50 nm or less.
- a polyester film can also be laminated
- the polarizing plate B may have a structure in which a polyester film is laminated on one surface of a polarizer and the above-described protective film or optical compensation film is laminated on the other surface.
- the polarizing plate B is also a preferable embodiment in which a polyester film is laminated on only one side of the polarizer and a protective film or an optical compensation film is not laminated on the other side of the polarizer.
- the absorption axis direction of the polarizer be parallel to the long side direction of the liquid crystal display device, but it is most preferably completely parallel, but a slight deviation is allowed. That is, the angle formed between the absorption axis direction of the polarizer and the long side direction of the liquid crystal display device is preferably 7 degrees or less, preferably 5 degrees or less, preferably 3 degrees or less, preferably 2 degrees or less, and 1 degree or less. Is preferred, most preferably 0 degrees.
- the polarizing plate A may be used as either a polarizing plate on the viewing side or a polarizing plate on the backlight side from the liquid crystal cell, but is generally preferably disposed as a polarizing plate on the backlight side.
- the polarizing plate B may be used as either a polarizing plate on the viewing side or a polarizing plate on the backlight side of the liquid crystal cell, but is generally preferably disposed as a polarizing plate on the viewing side. That is, a liquid crystal display device having a backlight source, a polarizing plate A, a liquid crystal cell, and a polarizing plate B in this order is preferable.
- the liquid crystal display device may include other members between them.
- F f / F p 0.1 ⁇ F f / F p ⁇ 2.
- the lower limit value of F f / F p is preferably 0.2 or 0.3.
- the upper limit value of F f / F p is 1.9, 1.8, 1.7, 1.6, 1.5, 1.4, 1.3, 1.2, 1.1, 1.0, It is preferably 0.9, 0.8 or 0.7.
- F f indicates the shrinkage force in the long side direction of the liquid crystal display device of the polyester film of the polarizing plate A, and the thickness of the polyester film (mm) ⁇ elastic modulus (N / mm 2 ) ⁇ heat shrinkage rate (%) ⁇ 100. It is defined by x1000.
- F p indicates the contraction force of the polarizer of the polarizing plate B in the long side direction of the liquid crystal display device, and the thickness (mm) ⁇ elastic modulus (N / mm 2 ) ⁇ thermal contraction rate (%) of the polarizer of the polarizing plate B.
- ⁇ 100 ⁇ 1000 is defined.
- the elastic modulus and the thermal contraction rate are both values in the long side direction of the liquid crystal display device.
- the contraction force of the polarizing plate B is mainly expressed by the polarizer, and the contraction force changes depending on the thickness of the polarizer and the film forming conditions. Therefore, it is desirable to adjust the shrinkage force of the polyester film used for the polarizing plate A accordingly.
- the polyester film used for the polarizing plate A preferably has an elastic modulus in the long side direction of the liquid crystal display device of 1000 to 9000 N / mm 2 .
- the shrinkage force of the polyester film can be controlled by the elastic modulus, in order to increase the elastic modulus in the long side direction of the liquid crystal display device, it is highly oriented in the long side direction of the liquid crystal display device and the crystallinity is increased. Need to be high. Therefore, when the longitudinal direction of the elastic modulus is more than 9000 N / mm 2, since the problem of easily tearing becomes apparent, the upper limit is preferably 9000 N / mm 2, more preferably 8000 N / mm 2, More preferably, it is 7000 N / mm 2 .
- the lower limit of the elastic modulus is preferably 1000 N / mm 2, more preferably 1500 N / mm 2, further preferably 1800 N / mm 2.
- the elastic modulus can be measured by the method employed in the examples described later.
- the polyester film used for the polarizing plate A preferably has a thermal shrinkage of 0.1 to 5% in the long side direction of the liquid crystal display device at 30 ° C. for 30 minutes.
- the lower limit of the heat shrinkage rate is preferably 0.3% or more, preferably 0.4% or more, preferably 0.5% or more, and preferably 0.7% or more.
- the upper limit of the heat shrinkage rate is preferably 4% or less, preferably 3% or less, and preferably 2% or less. When the heat shrinkage rate is lower than 0.1%, that is, in the range of 0.01 to 0.099%, it is difficult to control the heat shrinkage rate without variation.
- thermal shrinkage rate can be measured by the method employed in the examples described later.
- the polyester film used for the polarizing plate A preferably has a thickness of 40 to 200 ⁇ m.
- the thickness of the polyester film is less than 40 ⁇ m, the polyester film is easily broken, and flatness is likely to be poor due to insufficient rigidity.
- the lower limit is substantially 40 ⁇ m.
- the film thickness exceeds 200 ⁇ m, the variation in the elastic modulus or heat shrinkage in the long side direction increases accordingly, which makes it difficult to control and increases the cost.
- the thickness of the polyester film can be measured by the method employed in the examples described later.
- the polyester film used for the polarizing plate A desirably has an inclination of 15 degrees or less between the orientation principal axis of the polyester film and the long side direction or the short side direction of the liquid crystal display device.
- the stretched polyester film usually has anisotropy of elastic modulus in the film plane, but the anisotropy of the elastic modulus and optical anisotropy of the stretched polyester film generally coincide. Therefore, with respect to the alignment main axis determined from the optical anisotropy, the narrow angle with the long side direction or the short side direction of the liquid crystal display device is set to 15 degrees or less so that the direction with the higher elastic modulus is the long side of the liquid crystal display device.
- the orientation main axis of the polyester film can be measured according to the measurement method employed in Examples described later.
- the polyester film used for the polarizing plate A preferably has a narrow angle of 15 degrees or less with respect to the major axis of the liquid crystal display device or the short side direction with respect to the shrink main axis of the polyester film.
- the stretched polyester film usually has anisotropy in heat shrinkage within the film plane, and the shrinkage main axis has an inclination.
- the narrow angle between the contraction main axis and the long side direction or the short side direction is larger than 15 degrees, the tendency of curling in the oblique direction becomes remarkable, which is not preferable.
- the narrow angle between the shrink main axis of the polyester film used for the polarizing plate A and the long side direction or the short side direction of the liquid crystal display device is preferably 15 degrees or less, more preferably 10 degrees or less, 9 degrees or less, or 8 degrees or less. preferable.
- the contraction main axis can be measured according to the measurement method employed in Examples described later.
- the polyester film used for the polarizing plate A preferably has in-plane retardation within a specific range from the viewpoint of suppressing rainbow spots observed on the screen of the liquid crystal display device.
- the lower limit of the in-plane retardation is preferably 3000 nm or more, 5000 nm or more, 6000 nm or more, 7000 nm or more, or 8000 nm or more.
- the upper limit of the in-plane retardation is preferably 30000 nm or less, more preferably 18000 nm or less, and further preferably 15000 nm or less.
- the polyester film when using a polyester film as a protective film also for the polarizing plate B, it is preferable that the polyester film also has in-plane retardation of the said range.
- the retardation of the polyester film can be obtained by measuring the biaxial refractive index and thickness, or can be obtained by using a commercially available automatic birefringence measuring device such as KOBRA-21ADH (Oji Scientific Instruments).
- the refractive index can be obtained by an Abbe refractometer (measurement wavelength: 589 nm).
- the ratio of the in-plane retardation (Re) to the retardation in the thickness direction (Rth) (Re / Rth) of the polyester film used for the polarizing plate A is preferably 0.2 or more, preferably 0.3 or more, preferably Is 0.4 or more, preferably 0.5 or more, more preferably 0.5 or more, and still more preferably 0.6 or more.
- the ratio of the in-plane retardation to the thickness direction retardation (Re / Rth) is larger, the birefringence effect is more isotropic, and the occurrence of rainbow-like color spots due to the observation angle tends to be less likely to occur.
- the ratio of the retardation to the retardation in the thickness direction (Re / Rth) is 2.0. Therefore, the ratio of the retardation to the retardation in the thickness direction (Re / Rth)
- the upper limit is preferably 2.0.
- a preferable upper limit of Re / Rth is 1.2 or less.
- the thickness direction retardation means an average of retardation obtained by multiplying two birefringences ⁇ Nxz and ⁇ Nyz by the film thickness d when the film is viewed from the cross section in the thickness direction.
- the ratio (Re / Rth) of the in-plane retardation (Re) and the retardation in the thickness direction (Rth) is also in the above range. It is preferable.
- the polyester film used for the polarizing plate A preferably has a NZ coefficient of 2.5 or less, more preferably 2.0 or less, and even more preferably 1 from the viewpoint of suppressing iridescent color spots. .8 or less, more preferably 1.6 or less. And since a NZ coefficient will be 1.0 in a perfect uniaxial (uniaxial symmetry) film, the minimum of a NZ coefficient is 1.0. However, it should be noted that the mechanical strength in the direction perpendicular to the orientation direction tends to decrease significantly as the film approaches a perfect uniaxial (uniaxial symmetry) film. In addition, when using a polyester film as a protective film also for the polarizing plate B, it is preferable that the polyester film also has a NZ coefficient in the said range.
- the NZ coefficient is represented by
- the orientation axis of the film is obtained using a molecular orientation meter (MOA-6004 type molecular orientation meter, manufactured by Oji Scientific Instruments Co., Ltd.), and the biaxial refractive index (Ny, Nx, where the orientation axis direction and the direction perpendicular thereto are perpendicular) Ny> Nx) and the refractive index (Nz) in the thickness direction are determined by Abbe's refractometer (manufactured by Atago Co., Ltd., NAR-4T, measurement wavelength 589 nm). The value obtained in this manner can be substituted for
- the value of Ny-Nx of the polyester film is preferably 0.05 or more, more preferably 0.07 or more, from the viewpoint of suppressing iridescent color spots. Preferably it is 0.08 or more, More preferably, it is 0.09 or more, Most preferably, it is 0.1 or more.
- the upper limit is not particularly defined, but in the case of a polyethylene terephthalate film, the upper limit is preferably about 1.5.
- the polyester film preferably has a Ny-Nx value within the above range.
- the polyester film used for the polarizing plate A can be obtained from any polyester resin.
- the type of the polyester resin is not particularly limited, and any polyester resin obtained by condensing dicarboxylic acid and diol can be used.
- the polyester film is also the same.
- dicarboxylic acid component examples include terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid, orthophthalic acid, 2,5-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, 1,4-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, , 5-Naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, diphenylcarboxylic acid, diphenoxyethanedicarboxylic acid, diphenylsulfonecarboxylic acid, anthracene dicarboxylic acid, 1,3-cyclopentanedicarboxylic acid, 1,3-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, 1,4-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid , Hexahydroterephthalic acid, hexahydroisophthalic acid, malonic acid, dimethylmalonic acid, succinic acid, 3,3-diethylsuccinic acid, glutaric acid, 2,2-dimethylglu
- diol component examples include ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, hexamethylene glycol, neopentyl glycol, 1,2-cyclohexanedimethanol, 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol, decamethylene glycol, 1 , 3-propanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,5-pentanediol, 1,6-hexadiol, 2,2-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) propane, bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) sulfone, etc. Can be mentioned.
- the dicarboxylic acid component and the diol component constituting the polyester resin can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- Suitable polyester resins constituting the polyester film include, for example, polyethylene terephthalate, polypropylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, and more preferably polyethylene terephthalate and polyethylene naphthalate.
- other copolymer components may be included.
- These resins are excellent in transparency and excellent in thermal and mechanical properties.
- polyethylene terephthalate is a suitable material because it can achieve a high elastic modulus and the heat shrinkage rate is relatively easy to control.
- the polarizing plate A used in the liquid crystal display device of the present invention is desirably integrated with the glass plate of the liquid crystal cell in a state in which the thermal shrinkage rate of the polyester film remains, an easy adhesion layer, a hard coat layer,
- the drying temperature can be set low, UV irradiation, This is an embodiment that is preferably performed by a method having a small thermal history such as electron beam irradiation.
- applying these functional layers during the process of forming the polyester film is more effective. This is a desirable embodiment.
- the polyester film used by this invention can be manufactured in accordance with the manufacturing method of a general polyester film.
- the polyester resin is melted and the non-oriented polyester extruded and formed into a sheet shape is stretched in the longitudinal direction by utilizing the speed difference of the roll at a temperature equal to or higher than the glass transition temperature, and then stretched in the transverse direction by a tenter.
- the method of performing heat processing is mentioned.
- a uniaxially stretched film or a biaxially stretched film may be used.
- MD is an abbreviation for Machine Direction, and may be referred to as a film flow direction, a longitudinal direction, and a longitudinal direction in this specification.
- TD is an abbreviation for Transverse Direction, and may be referred to as a width direction and a horizontal direction in this specification.
- the polyester film used as the polarizer protective film for the polarizing plate A adjusts the shrinkage force F f so that 0.1F p ⁇ F f ⁇ 2F p .
- the elastic modulus of the polyester film used as the polarizer protective film for the polarizing plate A is MD when the polarizer transmission axis direction (that is, the long side direction of the liquid crystal display device) coincides with the MD when the polyester film is formed.
- the elastic modulus of the polyester film coincides with the TD at the time of forming the polyester film
- the elastic modulus of the TD may be adjusted by a conventionally known method of the stretched polyester film. Specifically, when the direction is the stretching direction, the stretching ratio may be set high, and when the direction is the direction orthogonal to the stretching direction, the stretching ratio may be set low.
- the thermal shrinkage rate of the polyester film used as the polarizer protective film for the polarizing plate A is when the transmission axis direction of the polarizer (that is, the long side direction of the liquid crystal display device) matches the MD at the time of forming the polyester film. If the thermal shrinkage rate of MD coincides with the TD at the time of forming the polyester film, the thermal shrinkage rate of TD may be adjusted by a conventionally known method of stretched polyester film.
- the distance between the clip holding the film width direction end and the adjacent clip is expanded to the MD. It can be adjusted by shrinking to MD by reducing the clip interval or the clip interval.
- the film is stretched or shrunk to MD by adjusting the film pulling force. It is possible to adjust by.
- the thermal shrinkage rate changes during the heating and cooling process, so the film pulling force is adjusted to stretch or shrink the MD. It is also possible to make adjustments.
- the gap between the clip holding the film width direction end and the clip located on the opposite side of the width direction is expanded.
- it can be adjusted by stretching to TD or by shrinking to TD by reducing.
- MD or TD it is desirable to adjust the heat shrinkage rate within the target temperature range of the present invention.
- the inclination of the shrink main axis of the polyester film used as the polarizer protective film for the polarizing plate A is a cooling process after stretching and heat treatment by the polyester film tenter.
- it can be adjusted in an off-line process after film formation. Specifically, thermal stress due to shrinkage due to stretching and cooling that could not be completely removed by heat fixation in the cooling process has occurred, and depending on the balance between the two in the film flow direction, it is drawn in upstream or downstream. Retraction occurs, causing a phenomenon that the contraction main axis is tilted.
- the shrinkage force in the film flow direction in the cooling step (the sum of the shrinkage force accompanying stretching and the shrinkage force accompanying cooling) to be uniform.
- a conventionally known method may be used as a method for shrinking or stretching.
- care should be taken because the film shrinks freely in the width direction below the cut / separated temperature range and the thermal shrinkage rate below the temperature range becomes small.
- Shrinkage force The shrinkage force of the polarizer and the polyester film was calculated from the following equation.
- the film thickness, elastic modulus, and heat shrinkage rate are measured values described below.
- Contraction force (N / m) Film thickness (mm) ⁇ elastic modulus (N / mm 2 ) ⁇ heat shrinkage rate (%) ⁇ 100 ⁇ 1000
- the elastic modulus of the polarizer and the polyester film is a dynamic viscoelasticity measuring device manufactured by Seiko Instruments Inc. (DMS6100) according to JIS-K7244 (DMS) after standing for 168 hours in an environment of 25 ° C. and 50 RH%. Evaluation was carried out using. Measure the temperature dependence from 25 ° C to 120 ° C under the conditions of tension mode, drive frequency of 1 Hz, distance between chucks of 5 mm, and heating rate of 2 ° C / min, and calculate the average storage elastic modulus of 30 ° C to 100 ° C. Elastic modulus was used. The elastic modulus in the direction parallel to the long side direction of the liquid crystal display device was measured.
- the heat shrinkage rate in the present invention is defined as a value in a direction parallel to the long side direction of the liquid crystal display device among heat shrinkage rates calculated by the following calculation formula.
- Thermal shrinkage (length before treatment ⁇ length after treatment) / length before treatment ⁇ 100
- the inclination of the contraction main axis is an angle at which the thermal contraction rate measured every 1 ° is maximized, and is defined by a narrow angle from the long side direction or the short side direction. That is, the inclination of the contraction main axis is in the range of 0 to 45 °.
- orientation of the orientation axis of the polyester film is measured by measuring the orientation main axis using a molecular orientation meter (MOA-6004 type molecular orientation meter, manufactured by Oji Scientific Instruments Co., Ltd.). It was defined by a narrow angle from the direction. In other words, the inclination of the alignment main axis is in the range of 0 to 45 °.
- MOA-6004 type molecular orientation meter manufactured by Oji Scientific Instruments Co., Ltd.
- the maximum curl height was set to 5 mm or less as a favorable range. Although curl is a phenomenon that should be expressed by curvature, it is evaluated by height for simplicity. In addition, the curl phenomenon becomes bowl-shaped when the sample size increases with respect to the rigidity of the sample, and the phenomenon that the curvature does not become constant in the film may occur, but all the results of this example are constant. Have confirmed.
- the biaxial refractive index (the refractive index in the slow axis direction: Ny, the fast axis (the refractive index in the direction perpendicular to the slow axis direction): Nx), and the refractive index in the thickness direction ( Nz) was determined by an Abbe refractometer (manufactured by Atago Co., Ltd., NAR-4T, measurement wavelength 589 nm). NZ coefficient was calculated
- the biaxial refractive index anisotropy ( ⁇ Nxy) was determined by the following method. Using a molecular orientation meter (MOA-6004 type molecular orientation meter, manufactured by Oji Scientific Instruments Co., Ltd.), determine the slow axis direction of the film, 4 cm so that the slow axis direction is parallel to the long side of the measurement sample.
- MOA-6004 type molecular orientation meter manufactured by Oji Scientific Instruments Co., Ltd.
- a rectangle of ⁇ 2 cm was cut out and used as a measurement sample.
- Abbe refracts the biaxial refractive index (the refractive index in the slow axis direction: Ny, the refractive index in the direction perpendicular to the slow axis direction: Nx), and the refractive index (Nz) in the thickness direction.
- ) of the biaxial refractive index difference was determined as a refractive index anisotropy ( ⁇ Nxy), which was obtained by a refractive index meter (NAGO-4T manufactured by Atago Co., Ltd., measurement wavelength 589 nm).
- the thickness d (nm) of the film was measured using an electric micrometer (manufactured by Fine Reef, Millitron 1245D), and the unit was converted to nm.
- Retardation (Re) was determined from the product ( ⁇ Nxy ⁇ d) of refractive index anisotropy ( ⁇ Nxy) and film thickness d (nm).
- ) and ⁇ Nyz (
- the obtained polyethylene terephthalate resin (A) had an intrinsic viscosity of 0.62 dl / g and contained substantially no inert particles and internally precipitated particles. (Hereafter, abbreviated as PET (A).)
- PET (B) 10 parts by weight of a dried UV absorber (2,2 ′-(1,4-phenylene) bis (4H-3,1-benzoxazinon-4-one), PET (A) containing no particles (inherent viscosity Was 0.62 dl / g) and 90 parts by mass were mixed, and a polyethylene terephthalate resin (B) containing an ultraviolet absorber was obtained using a kneading extruder (hereinafter abbreviated as PET (B)).
- a transesterification reaction and a polycondensation reaction were carried out by a conventional method, and as a dicarboxylic acid component (based on the whole dicarboxylic acid component) 46 mol% terephthalic acid, 46 mol% isophthalic acid and 8 mol% sodium 5-sulfonatoisophthalate, A water-dispersible sulfonic acid metal group-containing copolymer polyester resin having a composition of 50 mol% ethylene glycol and 50 mol% neopentyl glycol (relative to the entire glycol component) was prepared as a glycol component.
- Example 1 After drying 90 parts by mass of PET (A) resin pellets containing no particles as a raw material for the base film intermediate layer and 10 parts by mass of PET (B) resin pellets containing an ultraviolet absorber at 135 ° C. for 6 hours under reduced pressure (1 Torr) , And supplied to the extruder 2 (for the intermediate layer II layer). Also, the PET (A) was dried by a conventional method and supplied to the extruder 1 (for the outer layer I layer and the outer layer III) and dissolved at 285 ° C. .
- the unstretched film on which this coating layer was formed was guided to a tenter stretching machine, guided to a hot air zone at a temperature of 105 ° C. while being gripped by a clip, and stretched 4.0 times to TD.
- heat treatment was performed at a temperature of 180 ° C. for 30 seconds, and then the film cooled to 100 ° C. was stretched by 1% in MD, and then the clips holding both ends of the film cooled to 60 ° C. were opened.
- a jumbo roll made of a uniaxially oriented PET film having a film thickness of about 80 ⁇ m, and the resulting jumbo roll is equally divided into three slit rolls (L (left side), C ( Center), R (right side)).
- the polarizer protective film 1 was obtained from the slit roll located in R (the central part of the slit roll located in R was used as the polarizer protective film 1).
- a polarizer protective film 1 is attached to one side of a polarizer made of PVA, iodine and boric acid (the contraction force in the absorption axis direction of the polarizer is 5100 N / m) so that the transmission axis of the polarizer and the MD of the film are parallel to each other. I attached. Further, a TAC film (manufactured by Fuji Film Co., Ltd., thickness 80 ⁇ m) was attached to the opposite surface of the polarizer. In this manner, a polarizing plate (polarizing plate A) whose long side direction matches the transmission axis direction of the polarizer and a polarizing plate (polarizing plate B) whose long side direction matches the absorption axis direction of the polarizer were prepared.
- a liquid crystal panel was prepared by bonding through PSA so as to be on the opposite side.
- a liquid crystal display device was produced by incorporating this liquid crystal panel into a housing.
- Example 2 In the production of the polarizer protective film 1 of Example 1, a polarizer protective film 2 was obtained in the same manner as the polarizer protective film 1 except that the film cooled to 100 ° C. was stretched 2.5% in the longitudinal direction. .
- a liquid crystal display device was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the polarizer protective film 1 was replaced with the polarizer protective film 2 in Example 1.
- Example 3 In the production of the polarizer protective film 1 of Example 1, a polarizer protective film 3 was obtained in the same manner as the polarizer protective film 1 except that the film cooled to 100 ° C. was stretched 4% in the longitudinal direction. In Example 1, the contraction force in the absorption axis direction was changed from a polarizer of 5100 N / m to a polarizer of 11200 N / m, except that the polarizer protective film 1 was replaced by the polarizer protective film 3 Example 1 In the same manner, a liquid crystal display device was produced.
- Example 4 Other than using a blend of 90% by mass of PET (A) and 10% by mass of PBT as a raw material for the I layer, the II layer, and the III layer, and that the film cooled to 100 ° C. was stretched by 4% in the longitudinal direction.
- the contraction force in the absorption axis direction was changed from a polarizer of 5100 N / m to a polarizer of 11200 N / m, and Example 1 was changed except that the polarizer protective film 1 was replaced by the polarizer protective film 4.
- the PBT used was NV5020 (0.52 dl / g) manufactured by Mitsubishi Engineering Plastics.
- Example 5 A polarizer protective film 5 was obtained in the same manner as the polarizer protective film 1 except that the film thickness after stretching was adjusted to 50 ⁇ m by adjusting the rotation speed of the casting roll.
- a liquid crystal display device was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the polarizer protective film 1 was replaced with the polarizer protective film 5 in Example 1.
- Example 6 A polarizer protective film 6 was obtained in the same manner as the polarizer protective film 5 except that the film cooled to 100 ° C. was stretched 2.5% in the longitudinal direction.
- a liquid crystal display device was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the polarizer protective film 1 was replaced with the polarizer protective film 6 in Example 1.
- Example 7 A polarizer protective film 7 was obtained in the same manner as the polarizer protective film 5 except that the film cooled to 100 ° C. was stretched 4% in the longitudinal direction.
- the contraction force in the absorption axis direction was changed from a polarizer of 5100 N / m to a polarizer of 11200 N / m, and Example 1 except that the polarizer protective film 1 was replaced with the polarizer protective film 7.
- a liquid crystal display device was produced.
- Example 8 A polarizer protective film 8 was obtained in the same manner as the polarizer protective film 1 except that the film thickness after stretching was 160 ⁇ m by adjusting the rotational speed of the casting roll.
- a liquid crystal display device was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the polarizer protective film 1 was replaced with the polarizer protective film 8 in Example 1.
- Example 9 A polarizer protective film 9 was obtained in the same manner as the polarizer protective film 8 except that the film cooled to 100 ° C. was stretched 2.5% in the width direction. Next, the polarizer having a contraction force in the absorption axis direction was changed from a polarizer of 5100 N / m to a polarizer of 11200 N / m, and the polarizing axis was bonded so that the transmission axis of the polarizer and the TD of the polarizer protective film were parallel.
- a liquid crystal display device was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the plate A and the polarizing plate B were prepared and that the polarizer protective film 1 was replaced with the polarizer protective film 9.
- Example 10 A polarizer protective film 10 was obtained in the same manner as the polarizer protective film 1 except that the film was stretched 4.0 times in MD and 1.0 times in TD.
- a liquid crystal display device was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the polarizer protective film 1 was replaced with the polarizer protective film 10 in Example 1.
- Example 11 A polarizer protective film 11 was obtained in the same manner as the polarizer protective film 10 except that the film cooled to 100 ° C. was stretched 1.5% in MD.
- a liquid crystal display device was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the polarizer protective film 1 was replaced with the polarizer protective film 11 in Example 1.
- Example 12 A polarizer protective film 12 was obtained in the same manner as the polarizer protective film 10 except that the film cooled to 100 ° C. was stretched by 2.5% in MD. The same as Example 1 except that the polarizer having a contraction force in the absorption axis direction was changed from a polarizer of 5100 N / m to a polarizer of 11200 N / m, and the polarizer protective film 1 was changed to the polarizer protective film 12. Thus, a liquid crystal display device was obtained.
- Example 13 Except for using a blend of 90% by mass of PET (A) and 10% by mass of PBT as a raw material for the I layer, the II layer, and the III layer, and making the film cooled to 100 ° C. into 3% stretched in MD.
- a polarizer protective film 13 was obtained in the same manner as the polarizer protective film 10.
- the PBT used was NV5020 (0.52 dl / g) manufactured by Mitsubishi Engineering Plastics.
- Example 14 Polarizer in the same manner as the polarizer protective film 10 except that the film thickness after stretching was adjusted to 50 ⁇ m by adjusting the rotation speed of the casting roll, and the film cooled to 100 ° C. was stretched 1.5% to MD. A protective film 14 was obtained. A liquid crystal display device was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the polarizer protective film 1 was replaced with the polarizer protective film 14.
- Example 15 A polarizer protective film 15 was obtained in the same manner as the polarizer protective film 14 except that the film cooled to 100 ° C. was stretched by 2% in MD.
- a liquid crystal display device was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the polarizer protective film 1 was replaced with the polarizer protective film 15.
- Example 16 A polarizer protective film 16 was obtained in the same manner as the polarizer protective film 14 except that the film cooled to 100 ° C. was stretched 5% in TD. Next, the polarizing plate A and the polarizing plate B were prepared by bonding so that the transmission axis of the polarizer and the TD direction of the polarizer protective film were parallel, and the polarizer protective film 1 was attached to the polarizer protective film 16. A liquid crystal display device was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that it was replaced with.
- Example 17 A polarizer protective film 20 was obtained in the same manner as the polarizer protective film 10 except that the film cooled to 100 ° C. was stretched by 2% in MD.
- a liquid crystal display device was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the polarizer protective film 1 was replaced with the polarizer protective film 20 in Example 1.
- Example 18 A polarizer protective film 21 was obtained in the same manner as the polarizer protective film 10 except that the film cooled to 100 ° C. was stretched to 2.5% in MD.
- a liquid crystal display device was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the polarizer protective film 1 was replaced with the polarizer protective film 21 in Example 1.
- a polarizer protective film 17 was obtained in the same manner as the polarizer protective film 1 except that the clips holding both ends of the film were opened at 95 ° C. in the cooling step after stretching and heat setting. Except that the polarizer protective film 1 was replaced with the polarizer protective film 17, and the polarizing plate A and the polarizing plate B were prepared by bonding so that the transmission axis of the polarizer and the TD of the polarizer protective film were parallel to each other.
- a liquid crystal display device was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1.
- a polarizer protective film 18 was obtained in the same manner as the polarizer protective film 14 except that the film cooled to 100 ° C. was stretched 0.8% in the width direction.
- the polarizer having a contraction force in the absorption axis direction was changed from a polarizer of 5100 N / m to a polarizer of 11200 N / m, and the polarizer protective film 1 was changed to the polarizer protective film 18, and the transmission axis and polarization of the polarizer
- a liquid crystal display device was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the polarizing plate A and the polarizing plate B were prepared by bonding so that the TD of the child protective film was parallel.
- a polarizer protective film 19 was obtained in the same manner as the polarizer protective film 8 except that the film cooled to 100 ° C. was stretched 0.3% in the width direction.
- the polarizer having a contraction force in the absorption axis direction was changed from a polarizer of 5100 N / m to a polarizer of 11200 N / m, and the polarizer protective film 1 was changed to the polarizer protective film 19, and the transmission axis and polarization of the polarizer
- a liquid crystal display device was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the polarizing plate A and the polarizing plate B were prepared by bonding so that the TD of the child protective film was parallel.
- liquid crystal panels of the liquid crystal display devices of Examples 1 to 18 and the liquid crystal panels of the liquid crystal display devices of Comparative Examples 1 to 3 were heat-treated for 30 minutes using a gear oven set at 100 ° C.
- the liquid crystal panel was observed after cooling for 10 minutes in an environment set at 50 ° C. and 50 RH%, no curl was observed in Examples 1 to 16, but curl was observed in Comparative Examples 1 to 3. .
- Table 1 shows the measurement results of each example.
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Abstract
Description
収縮力(N/m)
=フィルム厚み(mm)×弾性率(N/mm2)×熱収縮率(%)÷100×1000
項1.
液晶セル、液晶セルの一方の面に貼り合わされた偏光板A、液晶セルのもう一方の面に貼り合わされた偏光板Bを有する液晶表示装置において、
前記偏光板Aは、偏光子の透過軸方向が液晶表示装置の長辺方向と平行であり、偏光子の少なくとも片面にポリエステルフィルムが積層された構造であり、
前記偏光板Bは、偏光子の吸収軸方向が液晶表示装置の長辺方向と平行であり、偏光子の少なくとも片面に保護フィルムが積層された構造であり、
前記ポリエステルフィルムの液晶表示装置の長辺方向の収縮力Ffと、偏光板Bが有する偏光子の液晶表示装置の長辺方向の収縮力Fpが下記式(1)を満たすことを特徴とする液晶表示装置。
式(1) 0.1≦Ff/Fp≦2
(ただし、収縮力Ff(N/m)は、ポリエステルフィルムの厚み(mm)×弾性率(N/mm2)×熱収縮率(%)÷100×1000であり、収縮力Fp(N/m)は、偏光板Bの偏光子の厚み(mm)×弾性率(N/mm2)×熱収縮率(%)÷100×1000である。)
項2.
前記ポリエステルフィルムの液晶表示装置の長辺方向の弾性率が1000~9000N/mm2であることを特徴とする項1に記載の液晶表示装置。
項3.
前記ポリエステルフィルムの液晶表示装置の長辺方向の熱収縮率が0.1~5%であることを特徴とする項1または2に記載の液晶表示装置。
項4.
前記ポリエステルフィルムの厚みが40~200μmであることを特徴とする項1~3のいずれかに記載の液晶表示装置。
項5.
液晶表示装置の長辺方向又は短辺方向に対する前記ポリエステルフィルムの配向主軸の傾きが15度以下であることを特徴とする項1~4のいずれかに記載の液晶表示装置。
項6.
液晶表示装置の長辺方向又は短辺方向に対する前記ポリエステルフィルムの収縮主軸の傾きが15度以下であることを特徴とする項1~5のいずれかに記載の液晶表示装置。
項7.
液晶セル、液晶セルの一方の面に貼り合わされた偏光板A、液晶セルのもう一方の面に貼り合わされた偏光板Bを有する液晶パネルにおいて、
前記偏光板Aは、偏光子の透過軸方向が偏光板Aの長辺方向と平行であり、偏光子の少なくとも片面にポリエステルフィルムが積層された構造であり、
前記偏光板Bは、偏光子の吸収軸方向が偏光板Bの長辺方向と平行であり、偏光子の少なくとも片面に保護フィルムが積層された構造であり、
前記ポリエステルフィルムの偏光板Aの長辺方向の収縮力Ffと、偏光板Bが有する偏光子の偏光板Bの長辺方向の収縮力Fpが下記式(1)を満たす液晶パネル。
式(1) 0.1≦Ff/Fp≦2
(ただし、収縮力Ff(N/m)は、ポリエステルフィルムの厚み(mm)×弾性率(N/mm2)×熱収縮率(%)÷100×1000であり、収縮力Fp(N/m)は、偏光板Bの偏光子の厚み(mm)×弾性率(N/mm2)×熱収縮率(%)÷100×1000である。)
項8.
前記ポリエステルフィルムの偏光板Aの長辺方向の弾性率が1000~9000N/mm2であることを特徴とする項7に記載の液晶パネル。
項9.
前記ポリエステルフィルムの偏光板Aの長辺方向の熱収縮率が0.1~5%であることを特徴とする項7または8に記載の液晶パネル。
項10.
前記ポリエステルフィルムの厚みが40~200μmであることを特徴とする項7~9のいずれかに記載の液晶パネル。
項11.
液晶パネルの長辺方向又は短辺方向に対する前記ポリエステルフィルムの配向主軸の傾きが15度以下であることを特徴とする項7~10のいずれかに記載の液晶パネル。
項12.
液晶パネルの長辺方向又は短辺方向に対する前記ポリエステルフィルムの収縮主軸の傾きが15度以下であることを特徴とする項1~5のいずれかに記載の液晶パネル。
本発明の液晶表示装置に用いられる偏光板Aは、ポリエステルフィルムの熱収縮率が残っている状態で液晶セルのガラス板と一体化されることが望ましいため、易接着層、ハードコート層、防眩層、反射防止層、低反射層、低反射防止層、及び反射防止防眩層、帯電防止層、などの機能層を付与する場合には、乾燥温度を低く設定することや、UV照射や電子線照射などの熱履歴の小さい方法で行うことが望ましい実施形態である。また、これらの機能層をポリエステルフィルムの製膜工程中で付与することは、高めた熱収縮率を損なわずに偏光板Aを液晶セルのガラス板と一体化することが可能になるため、より望ましい実施形態である。
本発明で使用するポリエステルフィルムは、一般的なポリエステルフィルムの製造方法に従って製造することができる。例えば、ポリエステル樹脂を溶融し、シート状に押出し成形された無配向ポリエステルをガラス転移温度以上の温度において、ロールの速度差を利用して縦方向に延伸した後、テンターにより横方向に延伸し、熱処理を施す方法が挙げられる。一軸延伸フィルムでも、二軸延伸フィルムであっても良い。なお、MDとはMachine Directionの略であり、本明細書中では、フィルム流れ方向、長手方向、縦方向と呼ぶことがある。また、TDとはTransverse Directionの略であり、本明細書中では、幅方向、横方向と呼ぶことがある。
偏光板Aに偏光子保護フィルムとして使用するポリエステルフィルムの弾性率は、偏光子透過軸方向(即ち、液晶表示装置の長辺方向)がポリエステルフィルムの製膜時のMDと一致する場合にはMDの弾性率を、ポリエステルフィルムの製膜時のTDと一致する場合にはTDの弾性率を、延伸ポリエステルフィルムの従来公知の方法で調整すればよい。
具体的には、該方向が延伸方向の場合には、延伸倍率を高く、該方向が延伸方向と直交方向の場合には延伸倍率を低く設定すればよい。
偏光板Aに偏光子保護フィルムとして使用するポリエステルフィルムの熱収縮率は、偏光子の透過軸方向(即ち、液晶表示装置の長辺方向)がポリエステルフィルムの製膜時のMDと一致する場合にはMDの熱収縮率を、ポリエステルフィルムの製膜時のTDと一致する場合にはTDの熱収縮率を、延伸ポリエステルフィルムの従来公知の方法で調整すればよい。
また、MDもしくはTDの何れの場合においても、本発明の目的とする温度域で熱収縮率の調整を実施することが望ましい。
偏光板Aの偏光子保護フィルムとして使用するポリエステルフィルムの収縮主軸の傾きは、PCT/JP2014/073451(WO2015/037527)で公開されているように、ポリエステルフィルムのテンターによる延伸・熱処理後の冷却過程または、製膜後のオフライン工程で調整することが可能である。具体的には、冷却工程では熱固定除去しきれなかった延伸に伴う収縮と冷却に伴う熱応力が発生しており、フィルム流れ方向における両者のバランス次第で上流側への引き込みもしくは下流側への引き込みが発生し、収縮主軸が傾く現象が発生する。収縮主軸の傾きを低減するためには、冷却工程でのフィルム流れ方向の収縮力(延伸に伴う収縮力と冷却に伴う収縮力の合計)が均一になるように調整することが必要である。均一にするためには、フィルム流れ方向で収縮力が高い温度域でフィルム流れ方向に収縮させるか、または、フィルム流れ方向で収縮力が低い温度域でフィルム流れ方向に延伸することが望ましい。収縮または延伸させる方法は従来公知の方法を用いれば良い。また、フィルム端部を切断または分離する場合には、切断・分離した温度域以下では幅方向に自由に収縮し、該温度域以下の熱収縮率が小さくなることから注意が必要である。
偏光板Aに偏光子保護フィルムとして使用するポリエステルフィルムの配向主軸の傾きの調整は、特願2014-11438(特開2015-136922)、又は特願2012-552162(WO2013/031511)で公開されているように、延伸ポリエステルフィルムで従来公知の方法を用いればよい。配向主軸の傾きの調整には、延伸・熱固定区間におけるフィルム流れ方向の収縮力を均一にすることが好ましい。テンターによる延伸・熱固定区間では、MD延伸による残留応力、TD延伸のポアソン応力によって、フィルム流れ方向に収縮力の分布が存在し、上流側もしくは下流側への引き込みが発生することから配向主軸に傾きが発生する(所謂ボーイング現象)。フィルム流れ方向における収縮力を均一にするためには、従来公知の方法を用いれば良い。具体的には、延伸ポリエステル系偏光子保護フィルムに求められる光学特性を満足させるのに必要な延伸条件を満足した上で、MD及びTDの延伸倍率のバランス、テンターディメンションを考慮した昇温条件、延伸・熱固定中における隣接するクリップ間距離の低減による収縮によって達成可能である。
偏光子及びポリエステルフィルムの収縮力は、以下の式から計算した。尚、フィルム厚み、弾性率、熱収縮率は、以下に説明される測定値である。
収縮力(N/m)
=フィルム厚み(mm)×弾性率(N/mm2)×熱収縮率(%)÷100×1000
偏光子及びポリエステルフィルムの厚み(mm)は、25℃50RH%の環境で168時間静置後に電気マイクロメータ(ファインリューフ社製、ミリトロン1245D)を用いて測定し、単位をmmに換算した。
偏光子及びポリエステルフィルムの弾性率は、25℃50RH%の環境で168時間静置後にJIS-K7244(DMS)にしたがって、セイコーインスツルメンツ社製の動的粘弾性測定装置(DMS6100)を用いて評価を行った。引張モード、駆動周波数は1Hz、チャック間距離は5mm、昇温速度は2℃/minの条件で25℃~120℃の温度依存性を測定し、30℃~100℃の貯蔵弾性率の平均を弾性率とした。なお、液晶表示装置の長辺方向と平行な方向の弾性率を測定した。
偏光子及びポリエステルフィルムの熱収縮率及び収縮主軸の傾きは25℃50RH%の環境で168時間静置後に直径80mmの円を描き、円の直径を画像寸法測定器(KEYENCE社製イメージメジャーIM6500)を用いて、1°毎に測定し、処理前の長さとした。次に、100℃に設定したギアオーブンを用いて30分間の熱処理を行い、その後、室温25℃に設定された環境で10分間冷却した後に処理前と同様の方法で1°毎に評価を行い、処理後の長さとした。
熱収縮率=(処理前の長さー処理後の長さ)/処理前の長さ ×100
収縮主軸の傾きは、1°毎に測定された熱収縮率が最大となる角度であり、長辺方向または短辺方向からの狭角で定義される。つまり収縮主軸の傾きは0~45°の範囲となる。
ポリエステルフィルムの配向主軸の傾きは、分子配向計(王子計測器株式会社製、MOA-6004型分子配向計)を用いて配向主軸を測定し、長辺方向または短辺方向からの狭角で定義した。つまり、配向主軸の傾きは0~45°の範囲となる。
後述する各実施例で作成した液晶パネルの作成において、「厚さ0.4mmのガラス基板を用いた50インチサイズのIPS型液晶セル」を、「短辺方向の長さ125mm、長辺方向の長さ220mm、厚み0.4mmのガラス板」に代えた以外は同様にして、評価用液晶パネルを作成した。次に、評価用液晶パネルを、100℃に設定したギアオーブンを用いて30分間の熱処理を行い、その後、室温25℃50%RHに設定された環境で10分間冷却した後に、凸側を下にして水平面に置き、4隅の高さをメジャーで計測し、最大値をカール高さとした。また、最大カール高さが5mm以下を良好な範囲とした。カールは曲率で表現されるべき現象であるが、簡便のため、高さで評価を行っている。また、カール現象は、サンプルの剛性に対してサンプルサイズが大きくなるとお椀型となり、フィルム内で曲率が一定にならない現象が生じることがあるが、本実施例の結果は全て曲率が一定であることを確認している。
分子配向計(王子計測器株式会社製、MOA-6004型分子配向計)を用いて、フィルムの遅相軸方向を求め、遅相軸方向が測定用サンプル長辺と平行になるように、4cm×2cmの長方形を切り出し、測定用サンプルとした。このサンプルについて、直交する二軸の屈折率(遅相軸方向の屈折率:Ny、進相軸(遅相軸方向と直交する方向の屈折率):Nx)、及び厚さ方向の屈折率(Nz)をアッベ屈折率計(アタゴ社製、NAR-4T、測定波長589nm)によって求めた。これらの値を用いてNZ係数を求めた。
リタデーションとは、フィルム上の直交する二軸の屈折率の異方性(△Nxy=|Nx-Ny|)とフィルム厚みd(nm)との積(△Nxy×d)で定義されるパラメーターであり、光学的等方性、異方性を示す尺度である。二軸の屈折率の異方性(△Nxy)は、以下の方法により求めた。分子配向計(王子計測器株式会社製、MOA-6004型分子配向計)を用いて、フィルムの遅相軸方向を求め、遅相軸方向が測定用サンプル長辺と平行になるように、4cm×2cmの長方形を切り出し、測定用サンプルとした。このサンプルについて、直交する二軸の屈折率(遅相軸方向の屈折率:Ny,遅相軸方向と直交する方向の屈折率:Nx)、及び厚さ方向の屈折率(Nz)をアッベ屈折率計(アタゴ社製、NAR-4T、測定波長589nm)によって求め、前記二軸の屈折率差の絶対値(|Nx-Ny|)を屈折率の異方性(△Nxy)とした。フィルムの厚みd(nm)は電気マイクロメータ(ファインリューフ社製、ミリトロン1245D)を用いて測定し、単位をnmに換算した。屈折率の異方性(△Nxy)とフィルムの厚みd(nm)の積(△Nxy×d)より、リタデーション(Re)を求めた。
厚さ方向リタデーションとは、フィルム厚さ方向断面から見たときの2つの複屈折△Nxz(=|Nx-Nz|)、△Nyz(=|Ny-Nz|)にそれぞれフィルム厚さdを掛けて得られるリタデーションの平均を示すパラメーターである。リタデーションの測定と同様の方法でNx、Ny、Nzとフィルム厚みd(nm)を求め、(△Nxz×d)と(△Nyz×d)との平均値を算出して厚さ方向リタデーション(Rth)を求めた。
エステル化反応缶を昇温し200℃に到達した時点で、テレフタル酸を86.4質量部及びエチレングリコール64.6質量部を仕込み、撹拌しながら触媒として三酸化アンチモンを0.017質量部、酢酸マグネシウム4水和物を0.064質量部、トリエチルアミン0.16質量部を仕込んだ。ついで、加圧昇温を行いゲージ圧0.34MPa、240℃の条件で加圧エステル化反応を行った後、エステル化反応缶を常圧に戻し、リン酸0.014質量部を添加した。さらに、15分かけて260℃に昇温し、リン酸トリメチル0.012質量部を添加した。次いで15分後に、高圧分散機で分散処理を行い、15分後、得られたエステル化反応生成物を重縮合反応缶に移送し、280℃で減圧下重縮合反応を行った。
乾燥させた紫外線吸収剤(2,2’-(1,4-フェニレン)ビス(4H-3,1-ベンズオキサジノン-4-オン)10質量部、粒子を含有しないPET(A)(固有粘度が0.62dl/g)90質量部を混合し、混練押出機を用い、紫外線吸収剤含有するポリエチレンテレフタレート樹脂(B)を得た。(以後、PET(B)と略す。)
常法によりエステル交換反応及び重縮合反応を行って、ジカルボン酸成分として(ジカルボン酸成分全体に対して)テレフタル酸46モル%、イソフタル酸46モル%及び5-スルホナトイソフタル酸ナトリウム8モル%、グリコール成分として(グリコール成分全体に対して)エチレングリコール50モル%及びネオペンチルグリコール50モル%の組成の水分散性スルホン酸金属塩基含有共重合ポリエステル樹脂を調製した。次いで、水51.4質量部、イソプロピルアルコール38質量部、n-ブチルセルソルブ5質量部、ノニオン系界面活性剤0.06質量部を混合した後、加熱撹拌し、77℃に達したら、上記水分散性スルホン酸金属塩基含有共重合ポリエステル樹脂5質量部を加え、樹脂の固まりが無くなるまで撹拌し続けた後、樹脂水分散液を常温まで冷却して、固形分濃度5.0質量%の均一な水分散性共重合ポリエステル樹脂液を得た。さらに、凝集体シリカ粒子(富士シリシア(株)社製、サイリシア310)3質量部を水50質量部に分散させた後、上記水分散性共重合ポリエステル樹脂液99.46質量部にサイリシア310の水分散液0.54質量部を加えて、撹拌しながら水20質量部を加えて、接着性改質塗布液を得た。
基材フィルム中間層用原料として粒子を含有しないPET(A)樹脂ペレット90質量部と紫外線吸収剤を含有したPET(B)樹脂ペレット10質量部を135℃で6時間減圧乾燥(1Torr)した後、押出機2(中間層II層用)に供給し、また、PET(A)を常法により乾燥して押出機1(外層I層及び外層III用)にそれぞれ供給し、285℃で溶解した。この2種のポリマーを、それぞれステンレス焼結体の濾材(公称濾過精度10μm粒子95%カット)で濾過し、2種3層合流ブロックにて、積層し、口金よりシート状にして押し出した後、静電印加キャスト法を用いて表面温度30℃のキャスティングドラムに巻きつけて冷却固化し、未延伸フィルムを作った。この時、I層、II層、III層の厚さの比は10:80:10となるように各押し出し機の吐出量を調整した。
実施例1の偏光子保護フィルム1の製膜において、100℃まで冷却したフィルムを長手方向に2.5%延伸とした以外は偏光子保護フィルム1と同様にして偏光子保護フィルム2を得た。実施例1において、偏光子保護フィルム1を偏光子保護フィルム2に代えた以外は実施例1と同様にして液晶表示装置を作成した。
実施例1の偏光子保護フィルム1の製膜において、100℃まで冷却したフィルムを長手方向に4%延伸とした以外は偏光子保護フィルム1と同様にして偏光子保護フィルム3を得た。実施例1において、吸収軸方向の収縮力が5100N/mの偏光子から11200N/mの偏光子に代えたこと、偏光子保護フィルム1を偏光子保護フィルム3に代えたこと以外は実施例1と同様にして液晶表示装置を作成した。
I層、II層及びIII層の原料として、PET(A)90質量%とPBT10質量%のブレンド物を用いたこと、及び、100℃まで冷却したフィルムを長手方向に4%延伸としたこと以外は偏光子保護フィルム1と同様にして偏光子保護フィルム4を作成した。実施例1において、吸収軸方向の収縮力が5100N/mの偏光子から11200N/mの偏光子に代えたこと、偏光子保護フィルム1を偏光子保護フィルム4に代えたこと以外は実施例1と同様にして液晶表示装置を作成した。尚、PBTは三菱エンジニアリングプラスチック製NV5020(0.52dl/g)を使用した。
キャスティングロールの回転速度を調整することで延伸後のフィルム厚みを50μmとした以外は偏光子保護フィルム1と同様にして偏光子保護フィルム5を得た。実施例1において、偏光子保護フィルム1を偏光子保護フィルム5に代えたこと以外は実施例1と同様にして液晶表示装置を作成した。
100℃まで冷却したフィルムを長手方向に2.5%延伸とした以外は偏光子保護フィルム5と同様にして偏光子保護フィルム6を得た。実施例1において、偏光子保護フィルム1を偏光子保護フィルム6に代えたこと以外は実施例1と同様にして液晶表示装置を作成した。
100℃まで冷却したフィルムを長手方向に4%延伸とした以外は偏光子保護フィルム5と同様にして偏光子保護フィルム7を得た。
実施例1において、吸収軸方向の収縮力が5100N/mの偏光子から11200N/mの偏光子に代えたこと、偏光子保護フィルム1を偏光子保護フィルム7に代えたこと以外は実施例1と同様にして液晶表示装置を作成した。
キャスティングロールの回転速度を調整することで延伸後のフィルム厚みを160μmとした以外は偏光子保護フィルム1と同様にして偏光子保護フィルム8を得た。実施例1において、偏光子保護フィルム1を偏光子保護フィルム8に代えたこと以外は実施例1と同様にして液晶表示装置を作成した。
100℃まで冷却したフィルムを幅方向に2.5%延伸とした以外は偏光子保護フィルム8と同様にして偏光子保護フィルム9を得た。次に、吸収軸方向の収縮力が5100N/mの偏光子から11200N/mの偏光子に代えたこと、偏光子の透過軸と偏光子保護フィルムのTDが平行になるように貼り合わせて偏光板A及び偏光版Bを作成したこと、及び、偏光子保護フィルム1を偏光子保護フィルム9に代えたこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして液晶表示装置を得た。
MDに4.0倍、TDに1.0倍延伸した以外は偏光子保護フィルム1と同様にして偏光子保護フィルム10を得た。実施例1において、偏光子保護フィルム1を偏光子保護フィルム10に代えたこと以外は実施例1と同様にして液晶表示装置を作成した。
100℃まで冷却したフィルムをMDに1.5%延伸とした以外は偏光子保護フィルム10と同様にして偏光子保護フィルム11を得た。実施例1において、偏光子保護フィルム1を偏光子保護フィルム11に代えたこと以外は実施例1と同様にして液晶表示装置を
作成した。
100℃まで冷却したフィルムをMDに2.5%延伸とした以外は偏光子保護フィルム10と同様にして偏光子保護フィルム12を得た。
吸収軸方向の収縮力が5100N/mの偏光子から11200N/mの偏光子に代えたこと、及び、偏光子保護フィルム1を偏光子保護フィルム12に代えたこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして液晶表示装置を得た。
I層、II層及びIII層の原料として、PET(A)90質量%とPBT10質量%のブレンド物を用いたこと、及び、100℃まで冷却したフィルムをMDに3%延伸としたこと以外は偏光子保護フィルム10と同様にして偏光子保護フィルム13を得た。
吸収軸方向の収縮力が5100N/mの偏光子から11200N/mの偏光子に代えたこと、及び、偏光子保護フィルム1を偏光子保護フィルム13に代えたこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして液晶表示装置を得た。尚、PBTは三菱エンジニアリングプラスチック製NV5020(0.52dl/g)を使用した。
キャスティングロールの回転速度を調整することで延伸後のフィルム厚みを50μmとしたこと、100℃まで冷却したフィルムをMDに1.5%延伸とした以外は偏光子保護フィルム10と同様にして偏光子保護フィルム14を得た。偏光子保護フィルム1を偏光子保護フィルム14に代えたこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして液晶表示装置を得た。
100℃まで冷却したフィルムをMDに2%延伸としたこと以外は偏光子保護フィルム14と同様にして偏光子保護フィルム15を得た。偏光子保護フィルム1を偏光子保護フィルム15に代えたこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして液晶表示装置を得た。
100℃まで冷却したフィルムをTDに5%延伸とした以外は偏光子保護フィルム14と同様にして偏光子保護フィルム16を得た。次に、偏光子の透過軸と偏光子保護フィルムのTD方向が平行になるように貼り合わせて偏光板A及び偏光版Bを作成したこと、及び、偏光子保護フィルム1を偏光子保護フィルム16に代えたこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして液晶表示装置を得た。
100℃まで冷却したフィルムをMDに2%延伸とした以外は偏光子保護フィルム10と同様にして偏光子保護フィルム20を得た。実施例1において、偏光子保護フィルム1を偏光子保護フィルム20に代えたこと以外は実施例1と同様にして液晶表示装置を作成した。
100℃まで冷却したフィルムをMDに2.5%延伸とした以外は偏光子保護フィルム10と同様にして偏光子保護フィルム21を得た。実施例1において、偏光子保護フィルム1を偏光子保護フィルム21に代えたこと以外は実施例1と同様にして液晶表示装置を作成した。
延伸・熱固定後の冷却工程でフィルムの両端部を把持しているクリップを95℃で開放した以外は偏光子保護フィルム1と同様に偏光子保護フィルム17を得た。偏光子保護フィルム1を偏光子保護フィルム17に代えたこと、偏光子の透過軸と偏光子保護フィルムのTDが平行になるように貼り合わせて偏光板A及び偏光版Bを作成したこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして液晶表示装置を得た。
100℃まで冷却したフィルムを幅方向に0.8%延伸とした以外は偏光子保護フィルム14と同様にして偏光子保護フィルム18を得た。吸収軸方向の収縮力が5100N/mの偏光子から11200N/mの偏光子に代えたこと、及び、偏光子保護フィルム1を偏光子保護フィルム18に代えたこと、偏光子の透過軸と偏光子保護フィルムのTDが平行になるように貼り合わせて偏光板A及び偏光版Bを作成したこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして液晶表示装置を得た。
100℃まで冷却したフィルムを幅方向に0.3%延伸とした以外は偏光子保護フィルム8と同様にして偏光子保護フィルム19を得た。吸収軸方向の収縮力が5100N/mの偏光子から11200N/mの偏光子に代えたこと、及び、偏光子保護フィルム1を偏光子保護フィルム19に代えたこと、偏光子の透過軸と偏光子保護フィルムのTDが平行になるように貼り合わせて偏光板A及び偏光版Bを作成したこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして液晶表示装置を得た。
Claims (6)
- 液晶セル、液晶セルの一方の面に貼り合わされた偏光板A、液晶セルのもう一方の面に貼り合わされた偏光板Bを有する液晶表示装置において、
前記偏光板Aは、偏光子の透過軸方向が液晶表示装置の長辺方向と平行であり、偏光子の少なくとも片面にポリエステルフィルムが積層された構造であり、
前記偏光板Bは、偏光子の吸収軸方向が液晶表示装置の長辺方向と平行であり、偏光子の少なくとも片面に保護フィルムが積層された構造であり、
前記ポリエステルフィルムの液晶表示装置の長辺方向の収縮力Ffと、偏光板Bが有する偏光子の液晶表示装置の長辺方向の収縮力Fpが下記式(1)を満たすことを特徴とする液晶表示装置。
式(1) 0.1≦Ff/Fp≦2
(ただし、収縮力Ff(N/m)は、ポリエステルフィルムの厚み(mm)×弾性率(N/mm2)×熱収縮率(%)÷100×1000であり、収縮力Fp(N/m)は、偏光板Bの偏光子の厚み(mm)×弾性率(N/mm2)×熱収縮率(%)÷100×1000である。) - 前記ポリエステルフィルムの液晶表示装置の長辺方向の弾性率が1000~9000N/mm2であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の液晶表示装置。
- 前記ポリエステルフィルムの液晶表示装置の長辺方向の熱収縮率が0.1~5%であることを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の液晶表示装置。
- 前記ポリエステルフィルムの厚みが40~200μmであることを特徴とする請求項1~3のいずれかに記載の液晶表示装置。
- 前記ポリエステルフィルムの配向主軸の傾きが15度以下であることを特徴とする請求項1~4のいずれかに記載の液晶表示装置。
- 前記ポリエステルフィルムの収縮主軸の傾きが15度以下であることを特徴とする請求項1~5のいずれかに記載の液晶表示装置。
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| KR1020217032059A KR102502207B1 (ko) | 2016-03-31 | 2017-03-24 | 편광자 보호 필름, 편광판 및 액정 표시 장치 |
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| TW201738636A (zh) | 2017-11-01 |
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| JP6205089B1 (ja) | 2017-09-27 |
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| JP2022000701A (ja) | 2022-01-04 |
| CN111443417B (zh) | 2023-05-23 |
| TWI729104B (zh) | 2021-06-01 |
| JP2017194717A (ja) | 2017-10-26 |
| KR20180124974A (ko) | 2018-11-21 |
| CN109073929B (zh) | 2021-04-23 |
| JPWO2017170216A1 (ja) | 2018-04-05 |
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| KR20210125608A (ko) | 2021-10-18 |
| KR102311948B1 (ko) | 2021-10-13 |
| KR20200040922A (ko) | 2020-04-20 |
| CN109073929A (zh) | 2018-12-21 |
| KR102502207B1 (ko) | 2023-02-21 |
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