WO2017166797A1 - 小型断路器 - Google Patents

小型断路器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017166797A1
WO2017166797A1 PCT/CN2016/103065 CN2016103065W WO2017166797A1 WO 2017166797 A1 WO2017166797 A1 WO 2017166797A1 CN 2016103065 W CN2016103065 W CN 2016103065W WO 2017166797 A1 WO2017166797 A1 WO 2017166797A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
arc extinguishing
arc
air outlet
circuit breaker
air
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2016/103065
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
杨文勇
杨宇
司莺歌
Original Assignee
浙江正泰电器股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 浙江正泰电器股份有限公司 filed Critical 浙江正泰电器股份有限公司
Priority to BR212018069918-2U priority Critical patent/BR212018069918U2/pt
Priority to EP16896567.1A priority patent/EP3439015A4/en
Priority to RU2018137591A priority patent/RU2722093C2/ru
Publication of WO2017166797A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017166797A1/zh
Priority to IL261897A priority patent/IL261897A/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H9/34—Stationary parts for restricting or subdividing the arc, e.g. barrier plate
    • H01H9/342—Venting arrangements for arc chutes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H73/00—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches in which excess current opens the contacts by automatic release of mechanical energy stored by previous operation of a hand reset mechanism
    • H01H73/02—Details
    • H01H73/18—Means for extinguishing or suppressing arc
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H9/34—Stationary parts for restricting or subdividing the arc, e.g. barrier plate
    • H01H9/36—Metal parts
    • H01H9/362—Mounting of plates in arc chamber
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/02—Housings; Casings; Bases; Mountings
    • H01H71/025—Constructional details of housings or casings not concerning the mounting or assembly of the different internal parts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H9/34—Stationary parts for restricting or subdividing the arc, e.g. barrier plate
    • H01H9/346—Details concerning the arc formation chamber

Definitions

  • the utility model belongs to the field of low-voltage electrical appliances, and particularly relates to a miniature circuit breaker.
  • the arc extinguishing system of the miniature circuit breaker usually comprises an arc extinguishing chamber composed of an arc extinguishing grid and an arc extinguishing device for running the arc and guiding the arc to the arc extinguishing chamber, in particular, a conventionally used alternating current 50 Hz, rated current to 63 A, rated For small circuit breakers with a voltage not exceeding 400V, the arc extinguishing capability of the arc extinguishing system depends on the breaking capacity of the circuit breaker and the arc extinguishing capability involves many factors.
  • the existing miniature circuit breaker firstly forms a plurality of arc extinguishing grids into an arc extinguishing chamber of an integral structure, and then installs the arc extinguishing chamber into the circuit breaker.
  • This method has some problems: firstly, the arc extinguishing chamber processing of the integral structure Inconvenient, the manufacturing cost is high; secondly, the structure of the arc extinguishing chamber is single, and the same arc extinguishing chamber is used regardless of the current specification, which cannot meet the different arc extinguishing requirements of different types of circuit breaker products, thereby affecting the circuit breaker
  • the performance of the product such as the use of large arc-extinguishing chambers for small-sized products, will affect the miniaturization requirements.
  • the design of the existing circuit breaker arc-extinguishing system focuses on the arc-extinguishing chamber and its front-arc structure such as arc-inducing and arc-blowing, and usually ignores the discharge of high-temperature airflow in the arc-extinguishing chamber, but it has been found through experiments.
  • the discharge of airflow is very important for the arc extinguishing effect. It involves the exhaust port behind the arc extinguishing chamber, the air outlet on the casing, the air outlet between the exhaust port of the arc extinguishing chamber and the air outlet of the casing. Set the structure.
  • the adverse effects of the rear structure are mainly due to the fact that the hot air flow ejected by the arc after the arc extinguishing chamber forms mutual interference at the exhaust port, so that the exhaust of the hot air flow is not smooth, thereby affecting the arc extinguishing effect of the circuit breaker.
  • the existing miniature circuit breakers are equipped with a large arc-extinguishing chamber, but since the arc-extinguishing chamber is composed of a plurality of arc-extinguishing grids, increasing the volume of the arc-extinguishing chamber complicates the structure of the arc-extinguishing chamber. It increases the processing cost and does not meet the trend of miniaturization of miniature circuit breakers.
  • the pressure of the hot air flow may not obtain the best arc extinguishing effect and the breaking capacity of the circuit breaker when the exhaust gas is not smooth, and the impact damage to the arc extinguishing system including the arc extinguishing chamber may be intensified. And to strengthen the impact resistance of the arc extinguishing system will also lead The complexity of the arc-extinguishing structure and the increase in manufacturing costs.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the utility model is that the arcing and exhausting effect of the hot air flow of the exhaust port of the above-mentioned arc extinguishing chamber of the prior art is not good and can only be compensated by increasing the volume of the arc extinguishing chamber.
  • a miniature circuit breaker is provided, which adopts a plurality of air flow passages disposed between the air outlet and the arc extinguishing chamber to obtain an optimal arc extinguishing effect and breaking capacity, and at the same time, appropriately reduce the volume of the arc extinguishing chamber.
  • a miniature circuit breaker includes a housing having an air outlet, a plurality of arc extinguishing grids mounted in the arc extinguishing chamber 10, the arc extinguishing chamber 10 being fixedly connected to the housing; and a rear side panel of the arc extinguishing chamber 10 There is an exhaust port 101, and a rear arc extinguishing structure is disposed between the exhaust port 101 of the arc extinguishing chamber 10 and the air outlet hole of the casing, and the rear arc extinguishing structure includes exhaust gas disposed in the arc extinguishing chamber 10.
  • a plurality of air flow passages between the port 101 and the air outlet of the casing are such that the high temperature airflow in the arc extinguishing chamber 10 passes through the exhaust port 101 and the plurality of air flow passages and then is discharged from the air outlet.
  • the air flow passage of the rear arc extinguishing structure includes a drain passage 132 and a plurality of flow guiding passages 131, and each of the guiding passages 131 passes through at least one exhaust port 101 and at least one drain passage 132, and is circulated.
  • the passage 132 is connected to the air outlet.
  • the rear arc extinguishing structure includes a plurality of flow guiding channels 131, and the plurality of air guiding channels 131 are in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of exhaust ports 101 behind the arc extinguishing chamber 10.
  • the rear arc extinguishing structure comprises a plurality of flow guiding channels 131 and a plurality of drainage channels 132, the number of the drainage channels 132 being less than the number of the guiding channels 131; the plurality of guiding channels 131 and the arc extinguishing chamber
  • the plurality of exhaust ports 101 after 10 are correspondingly penetrated, and each of the exhaust passages 132 penetrates with at least one of the flow guiding passages 131 and penetrates with at least one of the air outlets.
  • the plurality of flow guiding channels 131 are formed by a plurality of horizontal dividing ribs 134, and the plurality of horizontal dividing ribs 134 are arranged in parallel with the arc extinguishing grating pieces to form a grid-shaped heat dissipation structure.
  • the air flow passage of the rear arc extinguishing structure is a plurality of flow guiding passages 131 separated by arc-shaped dividing ribs 133 disposed between the exhaust port 101 of the arc extinguishing chamber 10 and the air outlet hole of the casing.
  • the ratio of the length of the flow guiding channel 131 of the rear arc extinguishing structure to the length of the arc extinguishing chamber 10 ranges from 0.2 to 0.5.
  • the arc extinguishing chamber 10 is provided with a plurality of arc extinguishing grids, an arc extinguishing gap is formed between the adjacent arc extinguishing grids, and a plurality of exhaust ports are arranged on the rear side plate of the arc extinguishing chamber 10. 101, each exhaust port and one The arc extinguishing gaps correspond one-to-one, and the plurality of exhaust ports 101 on the rear side plate of the arc extinguishing chamber 10 are arranged in two rows on both sides of the rear side plate, and the two rows of exhaust ports 101 are alternately arranged in a staggered manner.
  • four air outlets are provided on one side of the housing, respectively, a first air outlet 141 at the top of the terminal block near the terminal of one side of the housing, a second air outlet 142 near the bottom of the terminal, and respectively located at the bottom of the housing a side wall at the bottom of one side of the housing and a third air outlet 143 and a fourth air outlet 144 on the bottom side; between the drain passage 132 and the four air outlets, three arc-shaped dividing ribs 133 are formed to form and four out
  • the air outlets correspond to the four flow guiding passages 131, wherein the ends of the arc-shaped dividing ribs 133 between the third air outlet 143 and the fourth air outlet 144 are separated to have a ventilation space for the third air outlet 143 and the fourth outlet.
  • the ports 144 are penetrated.
  • the method further includes a front arcing structure disposed in the casing, the pre-arcing arcing structure comprising a plurality of arc guiding grooves disposed between the front opening of the arc extinguishing chamber and the stationary contact.
  • a plurality of air flow passages are arranged in front of the air outlet of the circuit breaker and behind the arc extinguishing chamber, so that the airflow between the arc extinguishing chamber grids does not interfere with each other, and the hot air flow can be effectively prevented.
  • Mutual interference at the air port quickly taking out the heat, thereby quickly extinguishing the arc, can not only effectively improve the arc extinguishing effect of the arc extinguishing system and the breaking capacity of the circuit breaker, but also reduce the volume of the arc extinguishing chamber.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing the internal overall structure of a miniature circuit breaker of the present invention showing a fixing structure of the arc extinguishing grid 2 and the base 1.
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the grid fixed structure A, the rear arc extinguishing structure B, and the front arcing structure C in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1.
  • Figure 3 is a plan view of Figure 1.
  • Figure 4 is a plan view of Figure 2.
  • Figure 5 is a perspective view of the arc chute 2 in the embodiment shown in Figure 1.
  • Figure 6 is a perspective view of the cover 6.
  • Fig. 7 is a partial enlarged view of E of Fig. 2;
  • Fig. 8 is a partial enlarged view of F of Fig. 6.
  • Figure 11 is a perspective view of the arc extinguishing chamber of Figure 9.
  • the three-dimensional schematic diagram of the internal structure of the miniature circuit breaker shown in FIG. 1 and the three-dimensional schematic diagram of the housing cover 6 shown in FIG. 6 show that the miniature circuit breaker with the multi-positioned arc extinguishing grid of the present invention includes the base 1 and
  • the housing composed of the cover 6 and the cover 1 can be statically coupled by any known means (such as screws, snaps, etc.), and the cavity formed between the base 1 and the cover 6 is provided.
  • the circuit breaker belongs to the product with different current and current specifications according to the user's demand, and the demand for the arc extinguishing system is different.
  • One of the beneficial features of the miniature circuit breaker with the multi-placed arc extinguishing grid of the utility model is that the casing is provided. a grid fixing structure A having a fixed arc extinguishing grid 2, wherein the arc extinguishing grid 2 is directly and statically coupled to the casing through the grid fixing structure A, thereby forming and forming between adjacent arc extinguishing grids 2 A gap 2a through which the air outlet on the casing penetrates.
  • the arc chute sheet 2 is directly and statically coupled to the base 1 and the cover 6 through the grid fixing structure A, respectively, and the static coupling forms a plurality of gaps 2a between the adjacent two arc extinguishing grids 2.
  • multiple placement means that the number of arc-extinguishing grids 2 can be determined according to different arc-extinguishing requirements of different types of circuit breaker products, and is directly connected to the base 1 and the cover 6 respectively to eliminate
  • the arc grid 2 can be directly fixed on the base 1 and the cover 6, without using the existing arc-extinguishing structure in which a plurality of arc-extinguishing grids are fixedly coupled together by a wall-like member constituting the arc-extinguishing chamber, without The housing is adjusted.
  • the key is to adopt the multi-displacement arc-extinguishing grid 2 and the grid-fixing structure A, and the beneficial effects thereof include: effectively overcoming the excessive arc chamber or over Small problem to ensure excellent arc extinguishing effect while meeting the requirements of miniaturization.
  • the miniature circuit breaker of the present invention further includes a rear arc extinguishing structure B and a front arc striking structure C disposed in the casing, and the rear arc extinguishing structure B includes the setting. a plurality of gaps 2a between the arc extinguishing grids 2 on the grid fixing structure A and the gas outlets
  • the air flow passages 13a, 13b, and 13c guide the high-temperature airflow in the gap 2a through the plurality of airflow passages 13a, 13b, and 13c, and then discharge them from the air outlet.
  • the pre-arcing structure C includes a plurality of arc-guiding grooves 16 disposed between the arc-extinguishing grid 2 and the stationary contacts on the grid fixing structure A.
  • the miniature circuit breaker of this embodiment is further provided with an instantaneous release device including an electromagnetic trip device 8 and an overload release device including a bimetal 9 in the housing; the electromagnetic trip device 8
  • the striker is correspondingly disposed with the lock of the operating mechanism, and the bimetal 9 is disposed corresponding to the transmission rod (not shown) extending from the lock.
  • a grid fixing structure A for fixing the arc extinguishing grid 2 is disposed below the electromagnetic trip device 8, and a rear arc extinguishing structure B and a front arc striking structure C are respectively disposed on both sides of the grid fixing structure A;
  • the fixed structure A of the sheet fixing structure A is provided with a static contact 3 having an arc-starting structure and an arc-leading plate 5 having a V-shaped arc-leading angle, respectively, above and below the side of the front arc-inducing structure C; the static contact 3 and the electromagnetic
  • the coil of the trip device 8 is connected, and the arc runner 5 is connected to the bimetal 9.
  • each arc-starting structure Through the setting of each arc-starting structure, the arc can be quickly led to the arc-extinguishing grid 2, and the high-temperature gas is quickly discharged through the rear arc-extinguishing structure B and the gas outlet, which can effectively improve the arc-extinguishing effect and the breaking ability.
  • the grid fixing structure A includes a plurality of lower fixing grooves 15 provided on the base 1, a plurality of upper fixing grooves 65 provided on the cover 6 (see FIGS. 6, 8), and a lower edge 21 of each of the arc extinguishing grids 2 (see FIG. 5)
  • the upper edge 22 (see FIG. 5) of each arc-extinguishing grid 2 is respectively embedded and fixed in each of the upper fixing grooves 65, and the arc-extinguishing is performed by the embedded fixing.
  • the grid 2 is directly and statically coupled to the base 1 and the cover 6 respectively.
  • the structure of the lower fixing groove 15 and the upper fixing groove 65 can be variously, and a preferred mode is as shown in FIG. 2 to FIG. 8 : the base 1 is provided with a plurality of lower fixing ribs 11 (see FIG. 7 ).
  • the lower fixing grooves 15 of the grid fixing structure A shown in FIGS. 2 and 4 are formed by the interval between the adjacent two lower fixing ribs 11, and the height of the lower fixing ribs 11 is much smaller than that of the arc extinguishing grid 2 Height H (see FIG. 5);
  • the cover 6 is provided with a plurality of upper fixing ribs 61, and the upper fixing grooves 65 of the grid fixing structure A are composed of two adjacent upper fixing ribs 61.
  • the interval between the upper fixing ribs 61 is much smaller than the height H of the arc chute sheet 2 (see Fig. 5).
  • the gap 2a has a sufficiently large remaining height (this The height is equal to the height H of the arc chute 2 minus the height of the lower edge 21 and the upper edge 22)
  • the size matching between the arc-extinguishing grid 2 and the lower fixing groove 15 and the upper fixing groove 65 can be optimized in various specific ways.
  • One preferred mode is: the lower fixing groove of the grid fixing structure A The width D1 of 15 (see FIG.
  • the depth h1 (see Fig. 7) is much smaller than the height H of the arc chute sheet 2.
  • the width D6 (see FIG. 8) of the upper fixing groove 65 of the grid fixing structure A is equal to the thickness d of the arc extinguishing grid 2, and the length of the upper fixing groove 65 is equal to the length b of the arc extinguishing grid 2, and the lower fixing groove
  • the depth h6 of 65 (see Fig. 8) is much smaller than the height H of the arc chute sheet 2.
  • the height of the lower fixing rib 11 is equal to the depth h1 of the lower fixing groove 15 (see Fig. 7).
  • the height of the upper fixing rib 61 is equal to the depth h6 of the upper fixing groove 65 (see Fig.
  • the depth h6 of the lower fixing groove 65 may be less than one sixth of the height H of the arc extinguishing grid 2, and the depth h6 of the upper fixing groove 15 may be smaller than the height H of the arc extinguishing grid 2
  • the height of the upper fixing rib 61 may be less than one sixth of the height H of the arc extinguishing grid 2
  • the height of the lower fixing rib 11 may be less than one sixth of the height H of the arc extinguishing grid 2.
  • the miniature circuit breaker with the multi-positioned arc extinguishing grid further includes a rear arc extinguishing structure B disposed in the housing, and the rear arc extinguishing structure B includes a plurality of airflow passages 13a, 13b, 13c disposed between the gap 2a between the arc extinguishing grids 2 on the grid fixing structure A and the air outlets, so that the high temperature airflow in the gap 2a passes through the plurality of airflow passages 13a, 13b, 13c are guided and then discharged from the air outlet.
  • the specific structure of the rear arc extinguishing structure B can be variously. In a preferred manner, as shown in FIG. 2 and FIG.
  • the base 1 is provided with a plurality of lower dividing ribs 12, and the shell cover 6 is provided.
  • 13a, 13b and 13c each of the air flow passages 13a, 13b or 13c is respectively penetrated with the gap 2a of at least one of the arc extinguishing grids 2 and at least one air outlet.
  • the above-mentioned rear arc extinguishing structure B has the beneficial effects that: first, the plurality of arc extinguishing grids 2 and the gap 2a between them cut the arc into arc segments, and each arc segment is quickly extinguished in each gap 2a, and A high-temperature high-pressure airflow is formed in the gap 2a due to the gaps 2a and 2 of the arc-extinguishing grid 2
  • the plurality of airflow passages 13a, 13b and 13c of the arc extinguishing structure B are directly connected, and the airflow passage can increase the large negative pressure space, so that the high temperature and high pressure airflow in the gap 2a can be guided to the airflow passages 13a in a timely and rapid manner.
  • the arc extinguishing ability of the arc extinguishing grid 2 can be effectively improved.
  • the high-temperature airflow flowing out from the gap 2a flows from the plurality of airflow passages 13a, 13b, and 13c to the plurality of air outlets 14 and 64, respectively, and is discharged to the outside of the base 1 of the circuit breaker, the high-temperature airflow is in the process of flowing out There is no mutual interference, no matter how much air pressure of the high-temperature airflow, it can be smoothly and quickly discharged from the air outlet.
  • the plurality of airflow passages 13a, 13b, and 13c are formed by abutting the plurality of lower split ribs 12 and the plurality of upper split ribs 62, and the split ribs also have the effect of dissipating heat, the increase of the split ribs can also effectively accelerate the high temperature. Cooling of the air stream.
  • the rear arc extinguishing structure B has a smooth and rapid exhausting characteristic, the impact of the airflow can be effectively alleviated, and the structure including the arc extinguishing grid 2 is protected from impact damage.
  • the utility model can effectively overcome the following defects of the existing arc extinguishing chamber structure: due to the narrow exhaust port behind the arc extinguishing chamber, the high temperature and high pressure airflow in the arc extinguishing chamber is not easily discharged from the exhaust port, but also in the exhaust port. In the mutual interference that affects the excretion, the high temperature and high pressure airflow remaining in the arc extinguishing chamber, which is difficult to excrete, poses a serious threat to the arc extinguishing effect, such as causing the arc to repeatedly reignite.
  • FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 a preferred structural scheme is shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, wherein the housing is provided with a plurality of air outlets and a plurality of airflow passages 13a, 13b, 13c; each of the air flow passages 13a, 13b, 13c is respectively penetrated with the gap 2a of at least one of the arc extinguishing grids 2 and at least one air outlet.
  • four air outlets are provided on one side of the housing, which are respectively a first air outlet 141 near the top of the terminal block of the terminal on one side of the housing, a second air outlet 142 near the bottom of the terminal, and respectively located a side wall at the bottom of one side of the casing and a third air outlet 143 and a fourth air outlet 144 on the bottom side;
  • the first partition rib 121 connects the first air outlet 141 and the second air outlet 142 with the third air outlet 143 and
  • the four air outlets 144 are completely isolated, forming an upper air flow passage 13c and a lower air flow passage, and the first air outlet 141 and the second air outlet 142 are penetrated with a gap 2a between more than half of the arc extinguishing grids 2;
  • the second partitioning ribs 122 will The third air outlet 143 and the fourth air outlet 144 are partially isolated to guide the high temperature airflow, and the lower airflow passage is separated to form a first lower airflow passage 13a and a second lower airflow
  • the gap 2a between the sheets 2 is connected, and the other end extends between the third air outlet 143 and the fourth air outlet 144, and a ventilation space is left to penetrate between the third air outlet 143 and the fourth air outlet 144. It is apparent that this structure enables the high-temperature high-pressure airflow to be removed from the four air outlets through the first lower air flow passage 13a, the second lower air flow passage 13b, and the upper air flow passage 13c to further improve the smoothness, quickness, and prevention of the discharge. The effect of interference.
  • the present invention further includes a front arcing structure C disposed in the casing.
  • the pre-arcing arc structure C includes a dislocation disposed on the grid fixing structure A.
  • the plurality of arcuate arcing grooves 16 are in one-to-one correspondence with the gaps 2a between the plurality of arc extinguishing grids 2.
  • the base 1 is provided with a plurality of upper guiding ribs
  • the shell cover 6 is correspondingly provided with a plurality of lower guiding ribs.
  • the base 1 and the shell cover 6 are oppositely coupled, and are formed between the upper guiding rib and the lower guiding rib.
  • the direction of the arc grid 2 is swung in contact with the stationary contact 3.
  • the arc generated by the moving and static contacts is quickly led to the gap 2a between the plurality of arc-extinguishing grids 2 through a plurality of curved arc-starting grooves 16, which improves the airflow passage of the arc and improves the arc-extinguishing capability of the circuit breaker. Save components such as magnetic guides.
  • the static contact 3 includes a contact portion 31 provided with a static contact, a pilot portion 32 and a yoke portion 33 which are connected in parallel, the yoke portion 33 being parallel to the axial direction of the coil of the electromagnetic trip device 8 and Parallel to the arc extinguishing grid 2, a V-shaped arcing angle is formed between the contact portion 31 and the arcing portion 32; the contact portion 31 and the arcing portion 32 are located below the upper arcing rib of the base 1 and the casing cover 6.
  • the arc-striking plate 5 includes a straight section 51, a V-shaped arc-extinguishing section 52 and a limiting section 53 connected to the bimetal 9; the straight section 51 is parallel with the arc-extinguishing grid 2, and the housing is provided
  • the V-shaped fixed ribs of the arc-guiding plate 5 are installed, and the V-shaped arc-extinguishing section 52 is correspondingly fitted with the V-shaped fixed ribs, and the arc-extinguishing plate 5 is connected with the bimetal 9 through the limiting section 53 in the V-shaped fixed rib
  • a supporting protrusion 54 is disposed on one side of the corresponding limiting section 53, so that the arc-striking plate 5 has elastic support, which ensures that the bimetal 9 can be accurately restored to the original position after being overloaded and bent.
  • the base 1 includes a plurality of lower fixing ribs 11 , a plurality of lower dividing ribs 12 , a plurality of lower air outlets 14 , a plurality of lower guiding ribs and a plurality of lower fixing grooves 15 .
  • the cover 6 includes a plurality of upper fixing ribs 61, a plurality of upper dividing ribs 62, a plurality of upper air outlets 64, a plurality of upper guiding ribs and a plurality of upper fixing grooves 65; the base 1 and the cover
  • the static coupling of 6 is such that each of the lower fixing ribs 11 is respectively paired with each of the upper fixing ribs 61, and each of the lower dividing ribs 12 is respectively connected with each of the upper dividing ribs 62, and each of the lower air outlets 14 is respectively connected to the upper and lower ribs
  • the air outlet 64 is connected in a pair, and each of the lower arcing ribs is respectively paired with each of the upper arcing ribs, and the bottom surface 15d of the lower fixing groove 15 (see FIG.
  • the structure of the present invention makes it possible to select the number of arc-extinguishing grids 2 when assembling the miniature circuit breaker, and it is not necessary to change the structure on the base 1, the cover 6 and the arc-extinguishing grid 2 to meet the requirements of multiple placement. .
  • Each of the lower dividing ribs 12 is in abutment with each of the upper dividing ribs 62, that is, each of the lower dividing ribs 12 is respectively abutted with the corresponding upper dividing rib 62, that is, each of the upper dividing ribs 62 respectively corresponds to the lower dividing rib 62. 12 docking.
  • the "butting” described here is abutting with each other, and after the base 1 and the cover 6 are statically coupled, the lower split ribs 12 and the upper split ribs 62 are butted together to realize the separation between the air flow passages. The high temperature airflow will not be convected to avoid airflow interference between the two airflow channels.
  • the air outlet of the present invention may include a combined air outlet and/or a separate air outlet; as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 6, the lower air outlet 14 and the upper air outlet 64 of the combined air outlet are respectively half. The two halves are docked to form a complete air outlet.
  • the independent air outlets (not shown) are respectively a complete lower air outlet provided on the base 1, and/or a complete upper air outlet provided on the cover 6. Regardless of whether the air outlet or the independent air outlet is combined, each air outlet is connected to the air flow passage 13, and the position of the air outlet can be designed according to the permission of the actual structure.
  • the rear arc extinguishing structure B and the front arc striking structure C of the miniature circuit breaker of the present invention are not only suitable for a miniature circuit breaker with a multi-displacement arc extinguishing grid, but also for a miniature circuit breaker adopting an arc extinguishing chamber structure.
  • the grid fixing structure A is not disposed in the casing of the circuit breaker, and the plurality of arc extinguishing grids are installed in the arc extinguishing chamber 10, and the arc extinguishing chamber 10 is fixedly connected with the casing of the circuit breaker.
  • An exhaust port 101 is disposed on the rear side plate of the arc extinguishing chamber 10, and a rear arc extinguishing structure B is disposed between the exhaust port 101 of the arc extinguishing chamber 10 and the air outlet hole of the casing, and the rear portion is disposed
  • the arc extinguishing structure B includes a plurality of air flow passages disposed between the exhaust port 101 of the arc extinguishing chamber 10 and the air outlet of the casing, so that the high temperature airflow in the arc extinguishing chamber 10 passes through the exhaust port 101 and the plurality of air flow passages. Then discharge from the air outlet.
  • circuit breaker of the present embodiment including the front arc striking structure C, the static contact, the moving contact, the arc striking plate, and the like are the same as in the first embodiment, and the pre-arcing arc structure is included in the A plurality of arc-starting grooves between the front opening of the arc chamber and the stationary contact are not repeated here.
  • the arc extinguishing chamber 10 is provided with a plurality of arc extinguishing grids, and an arc extinguishing gap is formed between the adjacent arc extinguishing grids, and a plurality of arc extinguishing gaps are formed on the rear side plate of the arc extinguishing chamber 10.
  • Exhaust port 101 is provided with a plurality of arc extinguishing grids, and an arc extinguishing gap is formed between the adjacent arc extinguishing grids, and a plurality of arc extinguishing gaps are formed on the rear side plate of the arc extinguishing chamber 10.
  • each of the exhaust ports has a one-to-one correspondence with an arc extinguishing gap
  • the plurality of exhaust ports 101 on the rear side plate of the arc extinguishing chamber 10 are arranged in two rows on both sides of the rear side plate, and two rows of rows
  • the gas ports 101 are alternately layered to avoid mutual interference of the hot gas flow at the exhaust port 101.
  • a plurality of air outlets are disposed on the casing of the circuit breaker, and each air outlet is connected to at least one air flow passage, and each air flow passage passes through the exhaust port of the arc extinguishing chamber 10.
  • the air flow passage of the rear arc extinguishing structure B of the present embodiment includes a flow guiding passage 131 and a drainage passage 132, and each of the guiding passages 131 penetrates with at least one exhaust port 101 and at least one drainage passage 132.
  • the drain passage 132 is connected to the air outlet.
  • the rear arc extinguishing structure B includes a plurality of flow guiding channels 131 and a plurality of drainage channels 132, the number of the drainage channels 132 being less than the number of the guiding channels 131; the plurality of guiding channels 131 and the arc extinguishing
  • the plurality of exhaust ports 101 behind the chamber 10 are connected in one-to-one correspondence to avoid mutual interference of the hot air flow at the exhaust port 101; each of the exhaust passages 132 penetrates with at least one of the flow guiding passages 131 and penetrates with at least one of the air outlets.
  • the flow guiding channel 131 is arranged in parallel with the arc extinguishing grid to form a grid heat dissipation structure, and the drainage channel 132 is arranged in an arc shape.
  • the plurality of flow guiding channels 131 are formed by a plurality of horizontal dividing ribs 134, and the plurality of horizontal dividing ribs 134 are arranged in parallel with the arc extinguishing grating pieces to form a grid-shaped heat dissipation structure.
  • the ratio of the length a of the flow guiding passage 131 of the rear arc extinguishing structure B to the length b of the arc extinguishing chamber 10 It is 0.2 to 0.5.
  • the length a of the flow guiding channel 131 and the length b of the arc extinguishing chamber 10 have a complementary relationship, so that the length a of the flow guiding channel 131 is lengthened by shortening the length b of the arc extinguishing chamber 10 Obtained, since the flow guiding channel 131 also has the effect of cooling the high temperature airflow,
  • the structure of the plurality of flow guiding channels 131 separated by the plurality of horizontal dividing ribs 134 is adopted, so that the horizontal dividing ribs 134 form a grid-like heat dissipating structure, and the heat dissipating structure can obtain the specific arc extinguishing grating by optimizing the design.
  • the rear arc extinguishing structure B includes a plurality of flow guiding channels 131 and a plurality of drainage channels 132, and the number of the drainage channels 132 is less than the number of the guiding channels 131.
  • the plurality of air guiding channels 131 are respectively connected in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of air outlets 101 behind the arc extinguishing chamber 10; four air outlets are provided on one side of the housing, which are respectively at the top of the terminal block near the terminal of one side of the housing
  • the first air outlet 141, the second air outlet 142 near the bottom of the terminal block, and the third air outlet 143 and the fourth air outlet 144 on the side wall and the bottom side of the bottom side of the housing, respectively.
  • three arc-shaped dividing ribs 133 are separated to form four flow guiding channels 131 corresponding to the four air outlets, wherein the third air outlet 143 and the fourth air outlet 144 are isolated.
  • An end portion of the arc-shaped dividing rib 133 is provided with a ventilation space to penetrate between the third air outlet 143 and the fourth air outlet 144.

Landscapes

  • Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)
  • Breakers (AREA)

Abstract

小型断路器，包括设有出气口的壳体，多个灭弧栅片安装在灭弧室内，灭弧室与壳体固定连接；在灭弧室的后侧板上设有排气口，在灭弧室的排气口与壳体的出气孔之间设有后置灭弧结构，所述的后置灭弧结构包括设置在灭弧室的排气口与壳体的出气孔之间的多个气流通道，以使灭弧室内的高温气流经过排气口和多个气流通道后再从出气口排出。使得灭弧室栅片之间的气流流出后互不干扰，能有效防止热气流在排气口处的相互干扰，快速的将热量带出，从而快速熄灭电弧，不仅能有效改善灭弧系统的灭弧效果和断路器的分断能力，而且还能减小灭弧室的体积。

Description

小型断路器 技术领域
本实用新型属于低压电器领域，具体涉及一种小型断路器。
背景技术
小型断路器的灭弧系统通常包括由灭弧栅片构成的灭弧室以及跑弧道和将电弧引向灭弧室的吹弧装置，特别是常规使用的交流50Hz、额定电流至63A、额定电压不超过400V的小型断路器，其灭弧系统的灭弧能力关系断路器的分断能力，灭弧能力又涉及到很多因素。现有的小型断路器先将多个灭弧栅片做成一体结构的灭弧室，再将灭弧室装至断路器中，此种方式存在一些问题：首先是一体结构的灭弧室加工不方便，制造成本高；第二，灭弧室的结构单一，不管电流规格的大小，都使用同一种灭弧室，不能满足不同型号的断路器产品的不同的灭弧要求，从而影响断路器产品的性能，如小规格产品使用大灭弧室会影响小型化要求，大规格产品使用小灭弧室会影响分断能力；第三，灭弧室内的高温气流不能畅快排出，这是由于灭弧室的结构致使灭弧室后方的排气口不能做大，从而影响灭弧效果。
同时，现有的断路器灭弧系统的设计关注重点在于灭弧室及其前面的引弧、吹弧等前置结构，通常忽视灭弧室内的高温气流的排泄，但经试验研究发现，高温气流的排泄对于灭弧效果至关重要，它涉及到灭弧室后方的排气口、壳体上的出气口、灭弧室的排气口与壳体的出气口之间的气流通道等后置结构。后置结构的不利影响主要在于：由于电弧经灭弧室后喷出的热气流在排气口处形成相互干扰，因此造成热气流的排气不通畅，从而影响断路器的灭弧效果。为此，人们将现有的小型断路器配用体积很大的灭弧室，但由于灭弧室是由多个灭弧栅片构成，增加灭弧室的体积会使灭弧室的结构复杂化，提高了加工成本，不符合小型断路器的小型化设计趋势。并且，热气流的压力在排气不通畅的情况下则势必不能获得最佳的灭弧效果及断路器的分断能力，而且还会加剧对包括灭弧室在内的灭弧系统的冲击破坏，而要加强灭弧系统的抗冲击能力还会导 致灭弧结构的复杂化和制造成本的增加。
发明内容
本实用新型要解决的技术问题在于，针对现有技术的上述灭弧室的排气口的热气流的引弧及排气效果不佳和只能通过增加灭弧室的体积来弥补的缺陷，提供一种小型断路器，通过采用设置在出气口与灭弧室之间的多个气流通道，从而获得最佳的灭弧效果及分断能力，同时可适当减小灭弧室的体积。
一种小型断路器，包括设有出气口的壳体，多个灭弧栅片安装在灭弧室10内，灭弧室10与壳体固定连接；在灭弧室10的后侧板上设有排气口101，在灭弧室10的排气口101与壳体的出气孔之间设有后置灭弧结构，所述的后置灭弧结构包括设置在灭弧室10的排气口101与壳体的出气孔之间的多个气流通道，以使灭弧室10内的高温气流经过排气口101和多个气流通道后再从出气口排出。
优选的，所述后置灭弧结构的气流通道包括排流通道132和多个导流通道131，每个导流通道131与至少一个排气口101和至少一个排流通道132贯通，排流通道132与出气口贯通。
优选的，所述后置灭弧结构包括多个导流通道131，多个导流通道131与灭弧室10后的多个排气口101一一对应贯通。
优选的，后置灭弧结构包括多个导流通道131和多个排流通道132，排流通道132的个数少于导流通道131的个数；多个导流通道131与灭弧室10后的多个排气口101一一对应贯通，每个排流通道132与至少一个导流通道131贯通且与至少一个出气口贯通。
优选的，所述的多个导流通道131由多条水平分割筋134分隔形成，多条水平分割筋134与灭弧栅片平行设置形成了栅状散热结构。
优选的，所述后置灭弧结构的气流通道为设置在灭弧室10的排气口101与壳体的出气孔之间的通过弧形分割筋133分隔的多个导流通道131。
优选的，所述后置灭弧结构的导流通道131的长度与灭弧室10的长度的比值范围为0.2至0.5。
优选的，所述的灭弧室10内设有多个灭弧栅片，相邻的灭弧栅片间形成灭弧间隙，在灭弧室10的后侧板上设有多个排气口101，每个排气口分别与一个 灭弧间隙一一对应，灭弧室10的后侧板上的多个排气口101分为两列布设在后侧板的两侧，两列排气口101交替错层布设。
优选的，在壳体一侧设有四个出气口，分别是靠近壳体一侧接线端子的接线座顶部的第一出气口141、靠近该接线座底部的第二出气口142、以及分别位于壳体一侧底部的侧壁和底边上的第三出气口143和第四出气口144；在排流通道132与四个出气口之间通过三条弧形分割筋133分隔形成与四个出气口一一对应的四个导流通道131，其中隔离第三出气口143和第四出气口144之间的弧形分割筋133的端部留有通气空间使第三出气口143和第四出气口144之间贯通。
优选的，还包括设置在壳体内的前置引弧结构，所述的前置引弧结构包括设置在灭弧室前侧开口与静触头之间的多个引弧槽。
实施本实用新型的小型断路器，通过在断路器出气口前方以及灭弧室后方增加设置若干气流通道，使得灭弧室栅片之间的气流流出后互不干扰，能有效防止热气流在排气口处的相互干扰，快速的将热量带出，从而快速熄灭电弧，不仅能有效改善灭弧系统的灭弧效果和断路器的分断能力，而且还能减小灭弧室的体积。
附图说明
下面将结合附图及实施例对本实用新型作进一步说明，从附图所示实施例的描述中可更清楚地看出本实用新型的优点和特征，其中：
图1是示出了灭弧栅片2与底座1的固定结构的本实用新型小型断路器的内部整体结构的立体示意图。
图2是图1所示的实施例中的栅片固定结构A、后置灭弧结构B和前置引弧结构C的立体示意图。
图3是图1的平面示意图。
图4是图2的平面示意图。
图5是图1所示的实施例中的灭弧栅片2的立体示意图。
图6是壳盖6的立体示意图。
图7是图2的E局部放大图。
图8是图6的F局部放大图。
图9-图10是本实用新型的另一实施例。
图11是图9的灭弧室的立体图。
具体实施方式
结合图1所示的小型断路器内部整体结构的立体示意图和图6所示的壳盖6的立体示意图可知，本实用新型的带有多元放置式灭弧栅片的小型断路器包括底座1与壳盖6构成的壳体，底座1与壳盖6可采用已知任意一种方式(如螺钉、卡接等)实现静联接，在底座1与壳盖6之间所形成的空腔内设有静触头3和动触头4，手柄通过操作机构7驱动动触头4摆动与静触头3接触和分离实现电路的通断。
断路器属于按用户需求其本身大小电流规格不同的产品，对灭弧系统的需求不一样，本实用新型的带有多元放置式灭弧栅片的小型断路器的一个有益特点是壳体上设有固定灭弧栅片2的栅片固定结构A，所述的灭弧栅片2通过栅片固定结构A与壳体直接静联接，从而在各相邻的灭弧栅片2之间形成与壳体上的出气口贯通的间隙2a。通过设置栅片固定结构A可实现不同的电流规格放置不同片数的灭弧栅片，无需将灭弧室做成整体式的，方便加工且优化了产品的结构。灭弧栅片2通过栅片固定结构A分别与底座1和壳盖6直接静联接，并且该静联接使得各相邻的两个灭弧栅片2之间形成多个间隙2a。这里所述的“多元放置式”是指可根据不同型号的断路器产品的不同的灭弧要求确定灭弧栅片2的数量，并且通过分别与底座1和壳盖6直接静联接，使灭弧栅片2能直接固定在底座1和壳盖6上，而无需采用现有的通过构成灭弧室的板壁状元件将多个灭弧栅片固定联接在一起的灭弧室结构，无需对壳体进行调整。显然，实现灭弧栅片2的数量的多元化，其关键在于采用了多元放置式的灭弧栅片2和栅片固定结构A，其有益效果包括：能有效克服灭弧室过大或过小的问题，以在满足小型化要求的同时，确保优异的灭弧效果。
为了进一步提高本实用新型的灭弧效果，本实用新型的小型断路器还包括设置在壳体内的后置灭弧结构B和前置引弧结构C，所述的后置灭弧结构B包括设置在栅片固定结构A上的灭弧栅片2间的间隙2a与所述的出气口之间的多个 气流通道13a、13b、13c，以使间隙2a内的高温气流经过多个气流通道13a、13b、13c引导后再从出气口排出。所述的前置引弧结构C包括设置在栅片固定结构A上的灭弧栅片2与静触头之间的多个引弧槽16。如图1-4所示，本实施例的小型断路器在壳体内还设有包括电磁脱扣装置8的瞬时脱扣器和包括双金属片9的过载脱扣器；电磁脱扣装置8的撞针与操作机构的锁扣对应设置，双金属片9与锁扣上延伸出的传动杆(图中未示出)对应设置。当漏电时，电磁脱扣装置8的撞针弹出撞击操作机构的锁扣使断路器脱扣；当电路过载时，双金属片弯曲通过传动杆拉动锁扣使断路器脱扣。在电磁脱扣装置8的下方设有固定灭弧栅片2的栅片固定结构A，栅片固定结构A的两侧分别设有后置灭弧结构B和前置引弧结构C；在栅片固定结构A靠近前置引弧结构C一侧的上方和下方还分别设有具有引弧结构的静触头3和具有V型的引弧角的引弧板5；静触头3与电磁脱扣装置8的线圈连接，引弧板5与双金属片9连接。通过各引弧结构的设置，可将电弧快速的引向灭弧栅片2，并通过后置灭弧结构B和出气口将高温气体快速排出，可有效改善灭弧效果和分断能力。
本实用新型的小型断路器的另一个有益特点是关于栅片固定结构A，它可有多种方式，一种优选的方式如图2、图4所示：所述的栅片固定结构A包括设置在底座1上的多个下固定槽15、设置在壳盖6上的多个上固定槽65(参见图6、图8)，各灭弧栅片2的下边沿21(参见图5)分别嵌装固定在各下固定槽15内，各灭弧栅片2的上边沿22(参见图5)分别嵌装固定在各上固定槽65内，通过所述的嵌装固定使各灭弧栅片2分别与底座1和壳盖6直接静联接。下固定槽15和上固定槽65的结构可有多种方式，一种优选的方式如图2至图8所示：所述的底座1上设置有多个下固定筋11(参见图7)，图2、4所示的栅片固定结构A的各下固定槽15由相邻的两个下固定筋11之间的间隔形成，下固定筋11的高度远远小于灭弧栅片2的高度H(参见图5)；参见图6，所述的壳盖6上设置有多个上固定筋61，栅片固定结构A的各上固定槽65由相邻的两个上固定筋61之间的间隔形成，上固定筋61的高度远远小于灭弧栅片2的高度H(参见图5)。为了确保灭弧栅片2与下固定槽15和上固定槽65之间的嵌装固定的静联接在高温气流的冲击下不会松动，同时还能确保间隙2a具有足够大的剩余高度(该高度等于灭弧栅片2的高度H减去下边沿21和上边沿22的高度之余)，须 对灭弧栅片2与下固定槽15和上固定槽65之间的尺寸配合进行优化，可有多种具体方式，一种优选的方式是：所述的栅片固定结构A的下固定槽15的宽度D1(参见图7)等于灭弧栅片2的厚度d(参见图5)，下固定槽15的长度等于灭弧栅片2的长度b(参见图5)，下固定槽15的深度h1(参见图7)远远小于灭弧栅片2的高度H。所述的栅片固定结构A的上固定槽65的宽度D6(参见图8)等于灭弧栅片2的厚度d，上固定槽65的长度等于灭弧栅片2的长度b，下固定槽65的深度h6(参见图8)远远小于灭弧栅片2的高度H。从图2和图7给出的实施例可见，下固定筋11的高度等于下固定槽15的深度h1(参见图7)。从图6和图8给出的实施例可见，上固定筋61的高度等于上固定槽65的深度h6(参见图8)；然而，在实际可采用的栅片固定结构A中，它们可能会出现不完全相等的情况，但只要满足所述的远远小于，则能在确保所述的静联接不会松动的前提下使间隙2a获得尽可能大的剩余高度，因为剩余高度越大，则灭弧栅片2的灭弧效果越好，同时间隙2a内的高温气流向后置灭弧结构B流动得越畅快。所述的远远小于，例如下固定槽65的深度h6可小于灭弧栅片2的高度H的六分之一、上固定槽15的深度h6可小于灭弧栅片2的高度H的六分之一、上固定筋61的高度可小于灭弧栅片2的高度H的六分之一、下固定筋11的高度可小于灭弧栅片2的高度H的六分之一。
本实用新型的又一个有益特点是，所述的带有多元放置式灭弧栅片的小型断路器还包括设置在壳体内的后置灭弧结构B，所述的后置灭弧结构B包括设置在栅片固定结构A上的灭弧栅片2间的间隙2a与所述的出气口之间的多个气流通道13a、13b、13c，以使间隙2a内的高温气流经过多个气流通道13a、13b、13c引导后再从出气口排出。后置灭弧结构B的具体结构可有多种方式，一种优选的方式如图2、图4所示：所述的底座1上设置有多条下分割筋12，所述的壳盖6上设置有多条上分割筋62(参见图6)，下分割筋12与上分割筋62对接，将底座1与壳盖6之间的空间分隔成后置灭弧结构B的多个气流通道13a、13b和13c，每个气流通道13a、13b或13c分别与至少一个灭弧栅片2的间隙2a和至少一个出气口贯通。上述的后置灭弧结构B的有益效果在于：第一，多个灭弧栅片2与它们之间的间隙2a将电弧切割成弧段，各弧段在各间隙2a内被快速熄灭，并在间隙2a内形成高温高压气流，由于灭弧栅片2的各间隙2a与后 置灭弧结构B的多个气流通道13a、13b和13c直通，而气流通道又能提高较大的负压空间，因此能将间隙2a内的高温高压气流及时、快速地引导到各气流通道13a、13b和13c内，能有效提高灭弧栅片2的灭弧能力。第二，由于从间隙2a流出的高温气流分别从多个气流通道13a、13b和13c流至多个出气口14和64后排出到断路器的底座1之外，所以高温气流在流动排出的过程中不会形成相互干扰，不管高温气流的气压多大，都能顺畅、快速地从出气口排出。第三，由于多个气流通道13a、13b和13c采用了多条下分割筋12和多条上分割筋62对接分隔形成，而分割筋也具有散热的功效，因此增加分割筋也能有效加速高温气流的冷却。第四，由于后置灭弧结构B具有顺畅、快速的排气特点，所以还能有效缓解气流的冲击，使包括灭弧栅片2在内的结构免受冲击破坏。从而，本实用新型能有效克服现有的灭弧室结构的以下缺陷：由于灭弧室后方的排气口狭窄，灭弧室内的高温高压气流不易从排气口排出，而在排气口还在影响排泄的相互干扰，导致不易排泄的残留在灭弧室的高温高压气流对灭弧效果存在严重威胁，如导致电弧反复重燃等。
为了能进一步提高后置灭弧结构B的排泄高温高压气流的效果，一种优选的结构方案如图3和图4所示，所述壳体内设有多个出气口和多个气流通道13a、13b、13c；每个气流通道13a、13b、13c分别与至少一个灭弧栅片2的间隙2a和至少一个出气口贯通。具体的，在壳体一侧设有四个出气口，分别是靠近壳体一侧接线端子的接线座顶部的第一出气口141、靠近该接线座底部的第二出气口142、以及分别位于壳体一侧底部的侧壁和底边上的第三出气口143和第四出气口144；第一分隔筋121将第一出气口141和第二出气口142与第三出气口143和第四出气口144完全隔离开，形成上气流通道13c和下气流通道，第一出气口141和第二出气口142与超过半数的灭弧栅片2间的间隙2a贯通；第二分隔筋122将第三出气口143和第四出气口144部分隔离以引导高温气流，将下气流通道分隔开形成第一下气流通道13a和第二下气流通道13b，第二分隔筋122一端与灭弧栅片2间的间隙2a连接，另一端向第三出气口143和第四出气口144间延伸，且留有通气空间使第三出气口143和第四出气口144之间贯通。显然这种结构能使高温高压气流通过第一下气流通道13a、第二下气流通道13b和上气流通道13c从四个出气口排除，以进一步改善排泄的顺畅、快速和防止 干扰的效果。
本实用新型的又一个有益特点是，还包括设置在壳体内的前置引弧结构C，如图3所示，所述的前置引弧结构C包括设置在栅片固定结构A上的灭弧栅片2与静触头之间的多个弧形的引弧槽16。多个弧形的引弧槽16与多个灭弧栅片2间的间隙2a一一对应。具体的，底座1上设有多个上引弧筋，壳盖6相应设有多个下引弧筋，底座1和壳盖6相对联接后在上引弧筋和下引弧筋之间形成静触头3和动触头4接触的空间；静触头3设置在上引弧筋和下引弧筋之间，动触头4在上引弧筋和下引弧筋之间向靠近灭弧栅片2的方向摆动与静触头3接触。通过多个弧形的引弧槽16，将动静触头产生的电弧分别快速引向多个灭弧栅片2间的间隙2a，改善了电弧的气流通道，提高了断路器灭弧能力且可节省装配导磁片等元件。
本实用新型的又一个有益特点是具有引弧结构的静触头3和引弧板5的设置：电磁脱扣装置8的线圈两端分别与接线板和静触头3直接连接，无需设置支架，静触头3包括依次连接的设有静触点的触头部31、引弧部32和磁轭部33，所述的磁轭部33平行于电磁脱扣装置8的线圈的轴向且与灭弧栅片2平行，触头部31和引弧部32之间形成V型的引弧角；触头部31和引弧部32位于底座1的上引弧筋和壳盖6的下引弧筋之间。所述引弧板5包括依次连接的平直段51、V型引弧段52和与双金属片9连接的限位段53；平直段51与灭弧栅片2平行，壳体内设有安装引弧板5的V型固定筋条，V型引弧段52与V型固定筋条对应卡装，引弧板5通过限位段53与双金属片9连接，在V型固定筋条对应限位段53的一侧上设有支撑凸起54，使引弧板5具有弹性支撑，确保双金属片9在过载弯曲后能够准确的恢复到原位。
本实用新型还有一个有益特点是关于底座1和壳盖6及其上的栅片固定结构A和后置灭弧结构B的设计，它可有多种方式，一种优选的方式参见图1-图4、图6所示：所述的底座1包括多个下固定筋11、多个下分割筋12、多个下出气口14、多个下引弧筋和多个下固定槽15，所述的壳盖6包括多个上固定筋61、多个上分割筋62、多个上出气口64、多个上引弧筋和多个上固定槽65；所述的底座1与壳盖6的静联接应使得各下固定筋11分别与各上固定筋61一一对着、各下分割筋12分别与各上分割筋62一一对接、各下出气口14分别与上 出气口64一一对接、各下引弧筋分别与各上引弧筋一一对着，下固定槽15的底面15d(参见图7)与上固定槽65的底面65d(参见图8)之间的距离等于灭弧栅片2的高度H。显然，本实用新型这样的结构使得在组装小型断路器时灭弧栅片2的数量可选择决定，无需更改底座1、壳盖6和灭弧栅片2上的结构，以满足多元放置的要求。各下分割筋12分别与各上分割筋62一一对接，就是每一个下分割筋12分别与其对应的那个上分割筋62对接，也就是每一个上分割筋62分别与其对应的那个下分割筋12对接。这里所述的“对接”就是相互抵接，通过该抵接，使得在底座1与壳盖6静联接后，由下分割筋12与上分割筋62对接共同实现分隔形成的各气流通道之间不会对流高温气流，以避免两个气流通道之间的气流干扰。而且，本实用新型的出气口可以包括组合出气口和/或独立出气口；如图1、图6所示，所述的组合出气口的下出气口14和上出气口64分别为半口，两个半口对接组合成完整的出气口。所述的独立出气口(图中未示出)分别为设置在底座1上的完整的下出气口，和/或设置在壳盖6上的完整的上出气口。不管是组合出气口或独立出气口，每个出气口均与气流通道13贯通，出气口的位置均可根据实际结构的许可设计。
当然本实用新型小型断路器的后置灭弧结构B和前置引弧结构C不仅适用于带有多元放置式灭弧栅片的小型断路器，也适用于采用灭弧室结构的小型断路器。如图9-11的实施例二，在断路器的壳体内不设置栅片固定结构A，多个灭弧栅片安装在灭弧室10内，灭弧室10与断路器的壳体固定连接；在灭弧室10的后侧板上设有排气口101，在灭弧室10的排气口101与壳体的出气孔之间设有后置灭弧结构B，所述的后置灭弧结构B包括设置在灭弧室10的排气口101与壳体的出气孔之间的多个气流通道，以使灭弧室10内的高温气流经过排气口101和多个气流通道后再从出气口排出。本实施例的断路器内其它的结构，包括前置引弧结构C、静触头、动触头、引弧板等与实施例一相同，如所述的前置引弧结构包括设置在灭弧室前侧开口与静触头之间的多个引弧槽，再次不在赘述。通过在断路器出气口前方以及灭弧室后方增加设置若干气流通道，使得灭弧室栅片之间的气流流出后互不干扰，能有效防止热气流在排气口101处的相互干扰，快速的将热量带出，从而快速熄灭电弧，不仅能有效改善灭弧系统的灭弧效果和断路器的分断能力，而且还能减小灭弧室的体积。
如图11所示，所述的灭弧室10内设有多个灭弧栅片，相邻的灭弧栅片间形成灭弧间隙，在灭弧室10的后侧板上设有多个排气口101。优选的，每个排气口分别与一个灭弧间隙一一对应，灭弧室10的后侧板上的多个排气口101分为两列布设在后侧板的两侧，两列排气口101交替错层布设，避免热气流在排气口101处的相互干扰。
如图9-10所示，在断路器的壳体上设有多个出气口，每个出气口与至少一个气流通道贯通，每个气流通道与灭弧室10的排气口贯通。特别的是，本实施例的后置灭弧结构B的气流通道包括导流通道131和排流通道132，每个导流通道131与至少一个排气口101和至少一个排流通道132贯通，排流通道132与出气口贯通。优选的，后置灭弧结构B包括多个导流通道131和多个排流通道132，排流通道132的个数少于导流通道131的个数；多个导流通道131与灭弧室10后的多个排气口101一一对应贯通，避免热气流在排气口101处的相互干扰；每个排流通道132与至少一个导流通道131贯通且与至少一个出气口贯通。所述的导流通道131与灭弧栅片平行设置形成了栅状散热结构，排流通道132成弧形设置。所述的多个导流通道131由多条水平分割筋134分隔形成，多条水平分割筋134与灭弧栅片平行设置形成了栅状散热结构。通过导流通道131的设置，是从灭弧室10内膨胀出来的热气体分别向出气口方向流动，再通过导流通道131汇集向出气口方向导流排除，能有效防止热气流在排气口101处的相互干扰，快速的将热量带出，从而快速熄灭电弧，而且有效减小灭弧室10的体积。当然，此为本实用新型的优选方案，也不排除只设置导流通道131或排流通道132的情况。只设置导流通道131的情况如实施例一，即所述后置灭弧结构B的气流通道为设置在灭弧室10的排气口101与壳体的出气孔之间的通过弧形分割筋133分隔的多个导流通道131。只设置排流通道132的情况，即排流通道132与出气口之间未通过弧形分割筋分隔，即只有1个大的导流通道131。
为了能进一步提高后置灭弧结构B的灭弧、降温和排泄高温高压气流的效果所述的后置灭弧结构B的导流通道131的长度a与灭弧室10的长度b的比值范围为0.2至0.5。由于受断路器的壳体的尺寸限定，导流通道131的长度a和灭弧室10的长度b具有互补关系，因此导流通道131的长度a加长需通过缩短灭弧室10的长度b来获得，由于导流通道131也具有冷却高温气流的效果，特 别是由于采用了多条水平分割筋134分隔形成的多个导流通道131的结构，使得各水平分割筋134形成了栅状散热结构，而且该散热结构可以通过优化设计获得比灭弧栅片更好的冷却条件(如散热面积、热容量)，因此冷却效果特别好，即使缩短了灭弧室10的长度b，但冷却效果有可能更好，因此，本实用新型的优化设计的重要因素包括导流通道131的长度a与灭弧室10的长度b的比值。
在如图9-10所示的实施例中，后置灭弧结构B包括多个导流通道131和多个排流通道132，排流通道132的个数少于导流通道131的个数；多个导流通道131与灭弧室10后的多个排气口101一一对应贯通；在壳体一侧设有四个出气口，分别是靠近壳体一侧接线端子的接线座顶部的第一出气口141、靠近该接线座底部的第二出气口142、以及分别位于壳体一侧底部的侧壁和底边上的第三出气口143和第四出气口144。在排流通道132与四个出气口之间通过三条弧形分割筋133分隔形成与四个出气口一一对应的四个导流通道131，其中隔离第三出气口143和第四出气口144之间的弧形分割筋133的端部留有通气空间使第三出气口143和第四出气口144之间贯通。
以上内容是结合具体的优选实施方式对本实用新型所作的进一步详细说明，不能认定本实用新型的具体实施只局限于这些说明。对于本实用新型所属技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本实用新型构思的前提下，还可以做出若干简单推演或替换，都应当视为属于本实用新型的保护范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种小型断路器，包括设有出气口的壳体，其特征在于：多个灭弧栅片安装在灭弧室(10)内，灭弧室(10)与壳体固定连接；在灭弧室(10)的后侧板上设有排气口(101)，在灭弧室(10)的排气口(101)与壳体的出气孔之间设有后置灭弧结构，所述的后置灭弧结构包括设置在灭弧室(10)的排气口(101)与壳体的出气孔之间的多个气流通道，以使灭弧室(10)内的高温气流经过排气口(101)和多个气流通道后再从出气口排出。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的小型断路器，其特征在于：所述后置灭弧结构的气流通道包括排流通道(132)和多个导流通道(131)，每个导流通道(131)与至少一个排气口(101)和至少一个排流通道(132)贯通，排流通道(132)与出气口贯通。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的小型断路器，其特征在于：所述后置灭弧结构包括多个导流通道(131)，多个导流通道(131)与灭弧室(10)后的多个排气口(101)一一对应贯通。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的小型断路器，其特征在于：后置灭弧结构包括多个导流通道(131)和多个排流通道(132)，排流通道(132)的个数少于导流通道(131)的个数；多个导流通道(131)与灭弧室(10)后的多个排气口(101)一一对应贯通，每个排流通道(132)与至少一个导流通道(131)贯通且与至少一个出气口贯通。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的小型断路器，其特征在于：所述的多个导流通道(131)由多条水平分割筋(134)分隔形成，多条水平分割筋(134)与灭弧栅片平行设置形成了栅状散热结构。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的小型断路器，其特征在于：所述后置灭弧结构的气流通道为设置在灭弧室(10)的排气口(101)与壳体的出气孔之间的通过弧形分割筋(133)分隔的多个导流通道(131)。
  7. 根据权利要求2-5任一所述的小型断路器，其特征在于：所述后置灭弧结构的导流通道(131)的长度与灭弧室(10)的长度的比值范围为0.2至0.5。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的小型断路器，其特征在于：所述的灭弧室(10)内设有多个灭弧栅片，相邻的灭弧栅片间形成灭弧间隙，在灭弧室(10)的后 侧板上设有多个排气口(101)，每个排气口分别与一个灭弧间隙一一对应，灭弧室(10)的后侧板上的多个排气口(101)分为两列布设在后侧板的两侧，两列排气口(101)交替错层布设。
  9. 根据权利要求4所述的小型断路器，其特征在于：在壳体一侧设有四个出气口，分别是靠近壳体一侧接线端子的接线座顶部的第一出气口(141)、靠近该接线座底部的第二出气口(142)、以及分别位于壳体一侧底部的侧壁和底边上的第三出气口(143)和第四出气口(144)；在排流通道(132)与四个出气口之间通过三条弧形分割筋(133)分隔形成与四个出气口一一对应的四个导流通道(131)，其中隔离第三出气口(143)和第四出气口(144)之间的弧形分割筋(133)的端部留有通气空间使第三出气口(143)和第四出气口(144)之间贯通。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的小型断路器，其特征在于：还包括设置在壳体内的前置引弧结构，所述的前置引弧结构包括设置在灭弧室前侧开口与静触头之间的多个引弧槽。
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