WO2017159533A1 - アザミウマ防除剤およびその利用 - Google Patents
アザミウマ防除剤およびその利用 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2017159533A1 WO2017159533A1 PCT/JP2017/009469 JP2017009469W WO2017159533A1 WO 2017159533 A1 WO2017159533 A1 WO 2017159533A1 JP 2017009469 W JP2017009469 W JP 2017009469W WO 2017159533 A1 WO2017159533 A1 WO 2017159533A1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/42—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing within the same carbon skeleton a carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a carbon atom having only two bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. keto-carboxylic acids
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- the present invention relates to a thrips control agent containing prohydrojasmon and use thereof.
- the thrips a micro insect
- the damage caused by thrips and tospoviruses mediated by them is partly due to wide-area cultivation of the same crop and wide-area distribution of seedlings, and is now spreading to damage on a nationwide scale.
- the damage caused by thrips can damage the appearance of vegetables and fruits, which can reduce the commercial value.
- chemical control technology such as pesticide spraying, physical control technology using insect control nets, adhesive traps and UV cut film, and biological control technology using plant hormone related substances or natural enemy insects has been researched or developed.
- thrips have the habit of occupying narrow gaps in plant organs or between organs, and pesticides are difficult to reach, and there are few pesticides that are effective in controlling thrips.
- pesticides that have barely been effective, resistant insects that show resistance easily appear after multiple uses.
- the trend of the times is to reduce the use of such highly toxic environmentally high load agricultural chemicals.
- Physiological control techniques include a method of physically controlling the invasion of thrips using materials such as insect nets or adhesive traps in openings such as side windows or skylights in cultivation facilities such as greenhouses.
- materials such as insect nets or adhesive traps in openings such as side windows or skylights in cultivation facilities such as greenhouses.
- the effect is limited because it is not possible to prevent thrips entering through the gaps in the material.
- the installation of physical materials also causes adverse effects such as high temperature and high humidity in the facility due to a decrease in air permeability in the facility.
- Patent Document 1 describes a thrips control agent comprising at least one selected from the group consisting of jasmonic acid, which is a plant hormone-related substance, and its ester, amide, and salt, as an active ingredient,
- jasmonic acid which is a plant hormone-related substance, and its ester, amide, and salt
- an object of the present invention is to provide a thrips control agent that suppresses negative effects on plant growth and has the ability to control thrips, and uses thereof.
- the thrips control agent according to one embodiment of the present invention is for plants belonging to the family Brassicaceae, Eggplant, Rose, Cucurbitaceae, or Asteraceae, and contains prohydrojasmon as an active ingredient.
- a method for controlling a thrips includes a treatment for treating a cultivated plant belonging to the Brassicaceae, Eggplant family, Rosaceae, Cucurbitaceae, Leguminosae or Asteraceae with the thrips control agent. It includes a process.
- a thrips control kit includes the thrips control agent and a cocoon plant or a plant virus that attracts the thrips.
- FIG. It is a figure which shows the result of having evaluated the influence which the methyl jasmonate (JA) process and a prohydrojasmon (PDJ) process give to a plant regarding the reference example 1.
- FIG. It is a figure which shows the result of having performed JA process and PDJ process regarding Example 1, and having evaluated the control effect of a thrips.
- FIG. It is a figure which shows the result of having performed PDJ processing and evaluating the control effect of a thrips regarding Example 2.
- FIG. It is a figure which shows the result of having performed PDJ processing and evaluating the control effect of a thrips about Example 4.
- FIG. It is a figure which shows the result of having performed PDJ processing and evaluating the control effect of a thrips about Example 5.
- FIG. It is a figure which shows the result of having performed PDJ process and evaluating the control effect of a thrips regarding Example 6 and Example 7.
- jasmonic acid and its derivatives can have considerably different effects on plant growth and / or thrips dynamics even when their chemical structures are similar to each other. It became clear that prohydrojasmon, which was thought to be inferior to methyl jasmonate in particular as a thrips control agent, has an excellent control ability depending on the target plant, while suppressing the negative effect on plant growth. It was made clear. The present invention has been completed based on such findings.
- the thrips control agent (hereinafter referred to as “the present thrips control agent”) according to the present invention contains prohydrojasmon (PDJ).
- PDJ prohydrojasmon
- the structure of PDJ is shown in the following formula.
- PDJ is an active ingredient for controlling thrips in the present thrips control agent.
- the present thrips control agent only needs to contain at least one of the above-mentioned four types of optical isomers of PDJ, but may be a mixture of two or more types. Typically, it is a mixture of four optical isomers.
- the dosage form of the present thrips control agent is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include solutions, wettable powders, granular wettable powders, emulsions, suspensions, powders, flowables, dispersants, granules, pastes, and aerosols. Among them, a liquid agent is more preferable.
- the present thrips control agent may contain only PDJ, but may further be formulated into the above-mentioned dosage form by further containing other active ingredients and / or agriculturally acceptable carriers.
- An example of the carrier is a liquid carrier.
- the liquid carrier include water; monohydric alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, propanol, and isopropanol; ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, propylene glycol, hexylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, and glycerin.
- Ketones such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, and diisobutyl ketone
- Ethers such as ethyl ether, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, and dipropyl ether
- Aromatic carbonization such as benzene, toluene, and xylene Hydrogen
- esters such as ethyl acetate and dimethyl adipate
- lactones such as ⁇ -butyrolactone
- nitriles such as acetonitrile
- soybean oil, rapeseed oil, cottonseed oil, and vegetable oils such as castor oil. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- nonionic surfactants used in preparations may be used.
- the type of the surfactant is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include nonionic surfactants, cationic surfactants, anionic surfactants, and amphoteric surfactants. Among these, nonionic surfactants are preferable.
- nonionic surfactants include polyoxyalkylene nonionic surfactants such as polyoxyethylene monoalkyl ether and polyoxyethylene monoaryl ether; higher fatty acid esters of polyhydric alcohols (eg, sorbitan and sorbitol); And those obtained by polymerizing and adding ethylene oxide to higher fatty acid esters of polyhydric alcohols. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- a clay mineral such as talc or a solid carrier such as lime carbonate; an active ingredient decomposition inhibitor; a spreading agent or a sticking agent; and the like can also be used.
- the present thrips control agent may further contain a repellent, an insecticide, a fungicide, and / or a plant growth regulator as an active ingredient other than PDJ.
- the repellents (not including PDJ) and insecticides mentioned here may be intended for thrips or insects other than thrips.
- a preferred example of the present thrips control agent is a liquid agent, wherein PDJ is contained within a range of 1% by mass to 10% by mass, and PDJ is contained within a range of 2% by mass to 8% by mass. More preferably, it is contained within a range of 3% by mass or more and 7% by mass or less, or more preferably 4% by mass or more and 6% by mass or less.
- This liquid agent preferably contains water, more preferably contains water and a monohydric alcohol, and more preferably contains water, a monohydric alcohol and a surfactant.
- monohydric alcohols ethanol, propanol, or isopropanol is preferable, and propanol is more preferable.
- the weight ratio is not particularly limited.
- the solution may be diluted with water or the like as necessary so as to obtain a desired application rate.
- controlling thrips refers to a state in which the activity of thrips is suppressed when a plant is treated with the thrips control agent and not treated with the thrips control agent (control).
- Point to. Suppressing thrips activity includes, for example, 1) suppressing thrips from flying to the target plant (prevention), 2) suppressing thrips from staying in the target plant, and 3) spawning behavior of thrips in the target plant. At least one of suppressing, 4) suppressing feeding damage to the target plant by thrips, 5) suppressing viral infection mediated by thrips in the target plant, 6) suppressing larval growth in the target plant, etc. Can be included, but is not limited to these.
- One of the actions exhibited by PDJ is the repellent effect of thrips.
- the number of thrips flying is 85% or less, and 80% or less as compared with the control by application of the present invention. Is more preferably 60% or less, further preferably 50% or less, and particularly preferably 45% or less or 40% or less. In one embodiment, it is preferably 30% or less, 20% or less, 15% or less, 10% or less, 8% or less, 5% or less, 1% or less, or 0%.
- thrips to be controlled in the present invention include thrips of the thrips family (for example, thrips of thrips, thrips of thrips, thrips of thrips, thrips of thrips, thrips of thrips and thrips of thrips of thrips) Thrips (for example, Thrips thrips, Thrips thrips, Kusuda thrips, Wasabi thrips, Thaliana thrips, and Thrips thrips).
- Plants to be treated with the present thrips control agent are plants that are damaged by thrips, and representative plants include solanaceae (eg, tomatoes, eggplants, bell peppers). , Paprika, capsicum, petunia, terriminos physalis, potatoes, etc.), legumes (eg, kidney beans, broad beans, azuki beans, soybeans, cowpeas, peas, etc.), asteraceae (eg, marigold, burdock, garlic, lettuce, Chrysanthemum, gerbera, and cineraria), Brassicaceae (eg, Chinese cabbage, cabbage, radish, turnip, komatsuna, broccoli, chingensai, and stock), cucurbitaceae (eg, cucumber, pumpkin, watermelon, melon, gourd, loofah, And zucchini), and rose family ( In example, roses, strawberries, apples, pears,
- the target plant is preferably an agro-horticultural plant.
- the target plant is preferably a herbaceous plant, and more preferably a herbaceous plant for agriculture and horticulture.
- Herbaceous plants include annual, biennial or perennial plants.
- the target plant is preferably a growing plant (that is, a plant that is not a seed or a plant after harvesting), more preferably a cultivated plant, and a plant cultivated in a closed space. It may be preferable.
- Examples of the closed space include a space where the internal environment is artificially controlled by being blocked from outside air, such as a greenhouse or a plant factory.
- the growth stage of the target plant is not particularly limited, but is preferably a seedling in the growing season, more preferably a seedling that is raised in a closed space. Moreover, in one Embodiment, it may be the growth stage which the leaf expand
- the method of treating the target plant with the present thrips control agent is not particularly limited.
- the target plant is sprayed with the present thrips control agent, or the target plant root system is applied with the present thrips control agent and absorbed from the root system. And the like.
- the concentration of PDJ in the present thrips control agent is not particularly limited, but when used, it is diluted with a solvent such as water so as to be, for example, about 10 to 500 ppm, preferably about 20 to 300 ppm. It may be preferable.
- PDJ is preferably sprayed on the target plant at a spraying amount per unit area of 5 to 100 g / 10a (R), preferably 10 to 50 g / 10a (R).
- the present thrips control agent is diluted with a solvent such as water so that the PDJ concentration is preferably about 10 to 500 ppm, more preferably about 20 to 300 ppm, if necessary, and the PDJ is diluted to 5 to 100 g / 10a ( It is more preferable to spray the target plant at a spraying amount per unit area of 10 to 50 g / 10a (R).
- the application of this thrips control agent may be a full-scale application to the target plant, or the plant part of the target plant (for example, a leaf, anther, a flower, or a stem that is a part that wants to prevent thrips harm) is targeted. Local spraying may be used.
- the number of times the target plant is treated with the present thrips control agent is also not particularly limited, but is preferably about 1 to 5 times before harvesting the target plant, more preferably about 3 to 5 times, and even more preferably 4 times or About 5 times. Moreover, in one Embodiment, it is preferable that it is 4 times or more, and, as for the frequency
- the interval when the treatment is performed a plurality of times is not particularly limited, but in one embodiment, the interval is preferably 4 to 10 days, and more preferably 5 to 7 days.
- the target plant is preferably treated with the present thrips control agent four or more times at 5-7 day intervals.
- a certain period before the target plant is harvested can be determined as a period during which the present thrips control agent is not used or the use is suppressed.
- the time when the target plant is treated with the present thrips control agent is preferably before the thrips fly to the target plant, but is effective even after confirming the thrips flying.
- the present thrips control agent may be used in combination with a plant that attracts thrips (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “crop plant”).
- the leopard plant is selected from plants having the ability to attract thrips rather than the target plant treated with the present thrips control agent.
- Thrips palatability 2) a plant that is different from the target plant and is preferred by thrips (“Thrips palatability” 2) plants with enhanced salicylic acid-mediated defense response system (referred to as “SA-enhanced plants”).
- SA-enhanced plants The type of the SA enhanced plant is not particularly limited, and may be the same type of plant as the above-described target plant or a different type of plant.
- thrips-favorable plants include marigold, verbena, clover, and zucchini.
- the SA-enhanced plant for example, has a gene mutation that increases the salicylic acid-mediated defense response system or enhances the salicylic acid-mediated defense response system as compared with the untreated state by receiving a predetermined treatment.
- the predetermined treatment for producing an SA-enhanced plant is, for example, a genetic recombination treatment for producing a factor related to the salicylic acid pathway in a plant body (creating a genetically modified plant), BTH (benzothiadiazole), or other salicylic acid. Examples include at least one selected from treatment with a mediated defense response system enhancement candidate drug, plant virus inoculation, and the like.
- the plant virus is selected from plant viruses belonging to the genus Tospovirus. Further, the plant virus may be a wild type virus, but from the viewpoint of maintaining a cocoon plant for a longer period, a mutant attenuated virus that is a mutant virus having a reduced virulence compared to the wild type virus. It may be more preferable.
- the production and use of the SA-enhanced plant it is possible to refer to the description of the document: Japanese Published Patent Publication “JP 2012-180343”.
- the thrips control kit includes 1) the present thrips control agent, and 2) any one of a cocoon plant or a plant virus that attracts the above-mentioned thrips.
- the kit for controlling thrips is used for the applications described in the above section (use in combination).
- the plant virus of 2) is used for the purpose of enhancing the salicylic acid-mediated defense response system of plants to produce cocoon plants.
- the thrips control kit uses a device (for example, a sprayer) for treating a plant with the present thrips control agent of 1) and a plant virus of 2) above.
- the thrips control kit may be provided with an instruction manual describing the use described in the above (use in combination) column. [3. (Summary) In the present invention, in one embodiment, the following may be provided.
- a method for controlling thrips including 7) The method according to 6), wherein in the treatment step, the plant is treated with the thrips control agent four or more times at intervals of 5 to 7 days. 8) The method according to 6) or 7), wherein in the treatment step, the plant is treated with the thrips control agent within 7 days from the start of development of new leaves. 9) The method according to any one of 6) to 8), wherein the treatment is spraying of the thrips control agent.
- a thrips control kit comprising the thrips control agent according to any one of 1) to 5) and a cocoon plant or a plant virus that attracts the thrips.
- Example 1 In a greenhouse maintained at room temperature of 20 to 25 ° C., two Arabidopsis plants planted in separate pots at 3 weeks after sowing were placed at an interval of about 30 cm. One plant was sprayed with a 100 ⁇ M PDJ aqueous solution directly using a spraying device. On the other hand, only water was sprayed in the same manner as a control. Two days after the treatment, 30 female adults of Citrus thrips were released at the midpoint of 2 plants. 24 hours after releasing the citrus yellow thrips, it was counted to which plant the thrips had moved.
- Example 2 In a greenhouse maintained at room temperature of 20 to 25 ° C., tomato (eggaceae), pepper (eggaceae), cabbage (Brassicaceae), cucumber (cucurbitaceae), strawberry (Rosaceae) and chrysanthemum 3 weeks after sowing (Asteraceae) For each plant, two plant bodies were arranged with an interval of about 30 cm. And 100 micromol PDJ aqueous solution was sprayed on the whole above-ground part of the plant body with the spraying apparatus only to one plant body. The other plant was sprayed with water in the same manner as a control. Two days after spraying, 30 female adults of Thrips thrips were released at the midpoint between the two plants.
- Example 3 In a greenhouse maintained at a room temperature of 20 to 25 ° C., two peppers (Solanumaceae) and cabbage (Brassicaceae) plants 3 weeks after sowing were placed at an interval of about 30 cm. And 100 micromol PDJ was sprayed to the whole above-ground part of the plant body with the spraying apparatus only to one plant body. On the other side, water was sprayed in the same manner as a control. Two days after spraying, 30 female females of Negia thrips were released at the midpoint between the two plants. After 24 hours, it was counted to which plant Negia thrips had moved. As a result, the adhesion rate of Negia thrips was about 40% for pepper and about 40% for cabbage, confirming that repellency was imparted.
- Example 4 In a greenhouse maintained at room temperature of 20 to 25 ° C., tomato (eggaceae), pepper (eggaceae), cabbage (Brassicaceae), cucumber (cucurbitaceae), strawberry (Rosaceae) and chrysanthemum 3 weeks after sowing (Asteraceae) For each plant, two plant bodies were arranged with an interval of about 30 cm. And 100 micromol PDJ aqueous solution was sprayed on the whole above-ground part of the plant body with the spraying apparatus only to one plant body. The other plant was sprayed with water in the same manner as a control. Two days after spraying, 30 adult females of Thrips thrips were released at the midpoint between the two plants.
- Thrips thrips 24 hours after releasing the Thrips thrips, it was counted as to which plant the Thrips had moved. The result is shown in FIG. Tomato (solanum), peppers (solanum), cabbage (Brassicaceae), cucumbers (Cucurbitaceae), strawberries (Rosaceae) and chrysanthemum (Asteraceae), PDJ treatment gives plants sufficient repellent properties against Thrips Clarified that it can be granted.
- Example 5 In a greenhouse maintained at room temperature of 20 to 25 ° C., two tomato plants (about 1.5 months after sowing) on which 3 to 4 true leaves were developed were placed at an interval of about 30 cm. Then, a 100 ⁇ M PDJ aqueous solution was sprayed on the entire above-ground part of the plant body with a spraying device 3 to 4 times or 5 times at intervals of 5 to 7 days only on one plant body. The other plant was sprayed with water in the same manner as a control. Four days after the last spraying, 30 female adults of Thrips thrips were released at the midpoint between the two plants. Forty days after releasing the mandarin orange thrips, thrips adhering to three or more true leaves were counted.
- Example 6 In a greenhouse maintained at a room temperature of 20 to 25 ° C., two tomato plants (about 1.5 to 2 months after sowing) on which four true leaves were developed were placed at an interval of about 30 cm. And 100 micromol PDJ aqueous solution was sprayed on the whole above-ground part of the plant body with the spraying apparatus only to one plant body. The other plant was sprayed with water in the same manner as a control. These spraying was performed at the time of 3 days, 7 days, 10 days, or 15 days after the fourth true leaf started to develop. Four days after spraying, 30 female adults of the citrus thrips were released at the midpoint between the two plants. Six days after release of the mandarin orange thrips, the fourth true thrips were counted.
- the number of thrips attached to the fourth true leaf is about 5% of the control after 3 days of development, about 10% of the control after 7 days of development, about 40% of the control after 10 days of development, and 15 days after the development. It was about 50% of the control.
- the repellent against thrips was higher when sprayed within 7 days after the new leaves of the plant began to develop than when sprayed after that.
- Example 7 In a greenhouse maintained at room temperature of 20 to 25 ° C., two tomato plants (about 1 to 1.5 months after sowing) on which three true leaves were developed were placed at an interval of about 30 cm.
- the present invention can be used for controlling thrips in agriculture.
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Abstract
Description
(有効成分)
本発明に係るアザミウマ防除剤(以下、「本アザミウマ防除剤」と称する)は、プロヒドロジャスモン(PDJ)を含んでいる。PDJの構造を下記式に示す。PDJは、本アザミウマ防除剤におけるアザミウマ防除のための有効成分である。
本アザミウマ防除剤の剤型は特に限定されず、例えば、液剤、水和剤、顆粒状水和剤、乳剤、懸濁剤、粉剤、フロアブル剤、分散剤、粒剤、ペースト剤、およびエアゾール剤等が挙げられ、中でも液剤がより好ましい。
本明細書において「アザミウマの防除」とは、本アザミウマ防除剤で植物を処理した場合に、本アザミウマ防除剤で処理しない場合(コントロール)と比較して、アザミウマの活動が抑制される状態を広く指す。アザミウマの活動の抑制とは、例えば、1)対象植物へのアザミウマの飛来を抑制する(予防)、2)アザミウマが対象植物にとどまることを抑制する、3)対象植物でのアザミウマの産卵行動を抑制する、4)アザミウマによる対象植物への食害を抑制する、5)対象植物において、アザミウマが媒介するウイルス感染を抑制する、6)対象植物における幼虫の成育を抑制する、等のうちの少なくとも1つが含まれ得るが、特にこれらに限定されない。PDJが示す作用の一つとして、アザミウマの忌避効果が挙げられる。
本発明における防除の対象となるアザミウマの具体例としては、アザミウマ科のアザミウマ(例えば、ミナミキイロアザミウマ、ミカンキイロアザミウマ、ネギアザミウマ、グラジオラスアザミウマ、チャノキイロアザミウマ、およびヒラズハナアザミウマ等)、ならびにクダアザミウマ科のアザミウマ(例えば、カキクダアザミウマ、イネクダアザミウマ、クスクダアザミウマ、ワサビクダアザミウマ、ガジュマルクダアザミウマ、およびツメクサクダアザミウマ等)が挙げられる。
本アザミウマ防除剤による処置の対象となる植物(「対象植物」と称する場合もある)は、アザミウマによる被害を受ける植物であり、代表的な植物としては、ナス科(例えば、トマト、ナス、ピーマン、パプリカ、トウガラシ、ペチュニア、テリミノイヌホオズキ、およびジャガイモ等)、マメ科(例えば、インゲン、ソラマメ、アズキ、ダイズ、ササゲ、およびエンドウ等)、キク科(例えば、マリーゴールド、ゴボウ、シュンギク、レタス、キク、ガーベラ、およびシネラリア等)、アブラナ科(例えば、ハクサイ、キャベツ、ダイコン、カブ、コマツナ、ブロッコリー、チンゲンサイ、およびストック等)、ウリ科(例えば、キュウリ、カボチャ、スイカ、メロン、ヒョウタン、ヘチマ、およびズッキーニ等)、ならびに、バラ科(例えば、バラ、イチゴ、リンゴ、ナシ、洋ナシ、モモ、およびネクタリン等)に属する植物が挙げられる。
本アザミウマ防除剤を用いて対象植物を処理する方法は特に限定されず、例えば、対象植物に本アザミウマ防除剤を散布する、または対象植物の根系に本アザミウマ防除剤を施用して根系から吸収させる等の方法が挙げられる。一実施形態において、対象植物に本アザミウマ防除剤を散布することが好ましい。
(組み合わせ使用)
本アザミウマ防除剤は、アザミウマを誘引する植物(以下「囮植物」と称する場合もある)と組み合わせて使用してもよい。囮植物は、本アザミウマ防除剤によって処理される対象植物よりも、アザミウマの誘引性を有する植物から選択され、例えば、1)対象植物とは別種であって、アザミウマが好む植物(「アザミウマ嗜好性植物」と称する)、または、2)サリチル酸仲介防御応答系が亢進している植物(「SA亢進植物」と称する)、が挙げられる。SA亢進植物の種類は特に限定されず、上述の対象植物と同一種の植物であっても、異なる種の植物であってもよい。
本発明に係るアザミウマ防除キットは、1)本アザミウマ防除剤と、2)上述のアザミウマを誘引する囮植物または植物ウイルスのいずれか一方とを含んでいる。上記アザミウマ防除用キットは、上記(組み合わせ使用)の欄で説明した用途に用いられる。2)の植物ウイルスは、植物のサリチル酸仲介防御応答系を亢進させて、囮植物を作出する目的に用いられる。
〔3.まとめ〕
本発明では、一実施形態において、以下のものが提供され得る。
1)アブラナ科、ナス科、バラ科、ウリ科、マメ科またはキク科に属する植物用である、有効成分としてプロヒドロジャスモンを含んでいる、アザミウマ防除剤。
2)上記植物は、キャベツ、キュウリ、トマト、ピーマン、イチゴ、キクまたはシュンギクである、1)に記載のアザミウマ防除剤。
3)上記植物は草本植物である、1)または2)に記載のアザミウマ防除剤。
4)上記植物は当該植物の苗である、1))~3)のいずれか一つに記載のアザミウマ防除剤。
5)上記植物は閉鎖空間で栽培されている植物である、1)~4)のいずれか一つに記載のアザミウマ防除剤。
6)アブラナ科、ナス科、バラ科、ウリ科、マメ科またはキク科に属する、栽培されている植物を、1)~5)のいずれか一つに記載のアザミウマ防除剤で処理する処理工程を含んでいる、アザミウマを防除する方法。
7)上記処理工程では、上記植物を、5~7日間隔で4回以上、上記アザミウマ防除剤で処理する、6)に記載の方法。
8)上記処理工程では、上記植物を、新しい葉が展開し始めてから7日以内に、上記アザミウマ防除剤で処理する、6)または7)に記載の方法。
9)上記処理は、上記アザミウマ防除剤の散布である、6)~8)のいずれか一つに記載に記載の方法。
10)1)~5)のいずれか一つに記載のアザミウマ防除剤と、アザミウマを誘引する囮植物、または植物ウイルスとを含んでいる、アザミウマ防除キット。
室温20~25℃に保たれた温室内において、播種後1週間目のハクサイ15株を、コントロール(3株)、プロヒドロジャスモン(PDJ)10μM(25ppm)処理(3株)、PDJ 100μM(254ppm)処理(3株)、ジャスモン酸メチル(JA)
10μM(22ppm)処理(3株)、および、JA 100μM(224ppm)処理(3株)の5つの群に振り分けた。各処理群に対し、記載した濃度のPDJ水溶液またはJA水溶液を与えて根から吸収させた。コントロール群に対しては水のみを与えて根から吸収させた。この処理を行ってから2週間後、各群の株の地上部を収穫して生重量を測定した。その結果を図1に示す。この結果は、JAとは異なり、PDJは植物の生育をほとんど阻害しないということを示している。
室温20~25℃に保たれた温室内において、播種後3週目のそれぞれ別の鉢に植えられたシロイヌナズナ植物2個体を約30cmの間隔を保ち配置した。そして一方の植物体には100μMのPDJ水溶液を、直接、噴霧装置を用いて散布した。他方には水のみを同様に散布しコントロールとした。処理を行ってから2日後、ミカンキイロアザミウマの雌成虫を30頭、2植物体の中間点に放飼した。ミカンキイロアザミウマを放飼してから24時間後、アザミウマがどちらの植物に移動しているのかについてカウントした。同様の試験を、100μMのJA水溶液についても行い、また播種後3週目のトマトにおいてもこれらの2種の薬剤を用いて同じ実験を行った。その結果を図2に示す。シロイヌナズナおよびトマトのいずれにおいても、PDJおよびJAが、植物にアザミウマに対する忌避性を付与できることを明らかにした。
室温20~25℃に保たれた温室内において、播種後3週目のトマト(ナス科)、ピーマン(ナス科)、キャベツ(アブラナ科)、キュウリ(ウリ科)、イチゴ(バラ科)およびキク(キク科)それぞれについて植物体2個体を約30cmの間隔を保ち配置した。そして一方の植物体にのみ100μMのPDJ水溶液を噴霧装置により植物体の地上部全体に散布した。他方の植物体には同様の方法で水を散布し、コントロールとした。散布から2日後、ミカンキイロアザミウマの雌成虫を30頭、上記の2植物体の中間点に放飼した。ミカンキイロアザミウマを放飼してから24時間後、アザミウマがどちらの植物に移動しているのかについてカウントした。その結果を図3に示す。トマト(ナス科)、ピーマン(ナス科)、キャベツ(アブラナ科)、キュウリ(ウリ科)、イチゴ(バラ科)およびキク(キク科)において、PDJ処理により、植物にミカンキイロアザミウマに対する充分な忌避性を付与できることを明らかにした。
室温20~25℃に保たれた温室内において、播種後3週目のピーマン(ナス科)、およびキャベツ(アブラナ科)植物体2個体を約30cmの間隔を保ち配置した。そして一方の植物体にのみ100μMのPDJを噴霧装置により植物体の地上部全体に散布した。他方には同様の方法で水を散布し、コントロールとした。散布から2日後、ネギアザミウマの雌成虫を30頭、上記の2植物体の中間点に放飼した。24時間後、ネギアザミウマがどちらの植物に移動しているのかについてカウントした。その結果、ピーマンにおいてはコントロールと比較してネギアザミウマの付着率は約40%、キャベツにおいては約40%となり、忌避性を付与されたことが確認できた。
室温20~25℃に保たれた温室内において、播種後3週目のトマト(ナス科)、ピーマン(ナス科)、キャベツ(アブラナ科)、キュウリ(ウリ科)、イチゴ(バラ科)およびキク(キク科)それぞれについて植物体2個体を約30cmの間隔を保ち配置した。そして一方の植物体にのみ100μMのPDJ水溶液を噴霧装置により植物体の地上部全体に散布した。他方の植物体には同様の方法で水を散布し、コントロールとした。散布から2日後、ヒラズハナアザミウマの雌成虫を30頭、上記の2植物体の中間点に放飼した。ヒラズハナアザミウマを放飼してから24時間後、アザミウマがどちらの植物に移動しているのかについてカウントした。その結果を図4に示す。トマト(ナス科)、ピーマン(ナス科)、キャベツ(アブラナ科)、キュウリ(ウリ科)、イチゴ(バラ科)およびキク(キク科)において、PDJ処理により、植物にヒラズハナアザミウマに対する充分な忌避性を付与できることを明らかにした。
室温20~25℃に保たれた温室内において、本葉3~4枚が展開したトマト(播種後1.5ヶ月程度)植物2個体を約30cmの間隔を保ち配置した。そして一方の植物体にのみ100μMのPDJ水溶液を5~7日間隔で、3回、4回、または5回、噴霧装置により植物体の地上部全体に散布した。他方の植物体には同様の方法で水を散布し、コントロールとした。最後の散布から4日後、ミカンキイロアザミウマの雌成虫を30頭、上記の2植物体の中間点に放飼した。ミカンキイロアザミウマを放飼してから40日後、本葉3葉以上に付着しているアザミウマをカウントした。その結果を図5に示す。PDJ水溶液を3回散布したものでは、第3本葉以上に付着したアザミウマ数の合計はコントロールの約20%であった。PDJ水溶液を4回または5回散布したものでは、第3本葉以上に付着したアザミウマ数の合計はコントロールの0%であった。このように、5~7日間隔で4回または5回散布する場合には、3回散布する場合と比べて、アザミウマに対する忌避性がより高いことがわかった。
室温20~25℃に保たれた温室内において、本葉4枚が展開したトマト(播種後1.5~2ヶ月程度)植物2個体を約30cmの間隔を保ち配置した。そして一方の植物体にのみ100μMのPDJ水溶液を噴霧装置により植物体の地上部全体に散布した。他方の植物体には同様の方法で水を散布し、コントロールとした。これら散布は、第4本葉が展開し始めてから3日後、7日後、10日後、または15日後の時点で行った。散布から4日後、ミカンキイロアザミウマの雌成虫を30頭、上記の2植物体の中間点に放飼した。ミカンキイロアザミウマを放飼してから6日後、第4本葉のアザミウマをカウントした。その結果を図6に示す。第4本葉に付着したアザミウマ数は、展開3日後ではコントロールの約5%であり、展開7日後ではコントロールの約10%であり、展開10日後ではコントロールの約40%であり、展開15日後ではコントロールの約50%であった。このように、植物の新しい葉が展開し始めてから7日以内に散布する場合には、それ以降に散布する場合と比べて、アザミウマに対する忌避性がより高いことがわかった。
〔実施例7〕
室温20~25℃に保たれた温室内において、本葉3枚が展開したトマト(播種後1~1.5ヶ月程度)植物2個体を約30cmの間隔を保ち配置した。そして一方の植物体にのみ100μMのPDJ水溶液を噴霧装置により植物体の地上部全体に散布した。その時、第4本葉は展開前であった。他方の植物体には同様の方法で水を散布し、コントロールとした。散布から4日後、ミカンキイロアザミウマの雌成虫を30頭、上記の2植物体の中間点に放飼した。ミカンキイロアザミウマを放飼してから6日後、第4本葉のアザミウマをカウントした。その結果を図6に示す。第4本葉に付着したアザミウマ数はコントロールの約100%であった。なお、第1~3本葉に付着したアザミウマ数の合計はコントロールと比較して非常に少なかった。
Claims (10)
- アブラナ科、ナス科、バラ科、ウリ科、マメ科またはキク科に属する植物用である、有効成分としてプロヒドロジャスモンを含んでいる、アザミウマ防除剤。
- 上記植物は、キャベツ、キュウリ、トマト、ピーマン、イチゴ、キクまたはシュンギクである、請求項1に記載のアザミウマ防除剤。
- 上記植物は草本植物である、請求項1または2に記載のアザミウマ防除剤。
- 上記植物は当該植物の苗である、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載のアザミウマ防除剤。
- 上記植物は閉鎖空間で栽培されている植物である、請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載のアザミウマ防除剤。
- アブラナ科、ナス科、バラ科、ウリ科、マメ科またはキク科に属する、栽培されている植物を、請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載のアザミウマ防除剤で処理する処理工程を含んでいる、アザミウマを防除する方法。
- 上記処理工程では、上記植物を、5~7日間隔で4回以上、上記アザミウマ防除剤で処理する、請求項6に記載の方法。
- 上記処理工程では、上記植物を、新しい葉が展開し始めてから7日以内に、上記アザミウマ防除剤で処理する、請求項6または7に記載の方法。
- 上記処理は、上記アザミウマ防除剤の散布である、請求項6~8のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載のアザミウマ防除剤と、アザミウマを誘引する囮植物、または植物ウイルスとを含んでいる、アザミウマ防除キット。
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See also references of EP3437472A4 |
TAKESHI OYA ET AL.: "Byogaichu no Shindan Dotei Oyobi Hassei Seitai no Kaimei ni Motozuku Yosatsu ·Bojo Gijutsu no Kakuritsu [Establishment of prediction and control technologies based on diagnosis and identification of pests and ecology of their development]", KANAGAWA AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGY CENTER SHIKEN KENKYU SEISEKISHO (SEISAN KANKYO) [KANAGAWA AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGY CENTER TEST REPORT (PRODUCTION ENVIRONMENT),], 2015, pages 79 - 80, XP009519696 * |
TAKESHI OYA ET AL.: "Byogaichu no Shindan Dotei Oyobi Hassei Seitai no Kaimei ni Motozuku Yosatsu-Bojo Gijutsu no Kakuritsu [Forecast based on diagnosis and identification of pests and elucidation of developmental ecology - Establishment of control technology]", KANAGAWA AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGY CENTER SHIKEN KENKYU SEISEKISHO (SEISAN KANKYO) [KANAGAWA AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGY CENTER TEST REPORT (PRODUCTION ENVIRONMENT)], no. 10, 2015, pages 77 - 78, XP009515755 * |
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JPWO2017159533A1 (ja) | 2019-01-17 |
JP6928353B2 (ja) | 2021-09-01 |
ES2947288T3 (es) | 2023-08-04 |
EP3437472B1 (en) | 2023-05-10 |
EP3437472A1 (en) | 2019-02-06 |
EP3437472A4 (en) | 2019-09-25 |
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