WO2017154276A1 - 光透過性積層体および光透過性積層体の製造方法 - Google Patents
光透過性積層体および光透過性積層体の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2017154276A1 WO2017154276A1 PCT/JP2016/084965 JP2016084965W WO2017154276A1 WO 2017154276 A1 WO2017154276 A1 WO 2017154276A1 JP 2016084965 W JP2016084965 W JP 2016084965W WO 2017154276 A1 WO2017154276 A1 WO 2017154276A1
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- thin film
- refractive index
- high refractive
- film layer
- light transmitting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B15/08—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/20—Filters
- G02B5/26—Reflecting filters
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- the present invention relates to a light transmitting laminate and a method of producing a light transmitting laminate, and more particularly to a light transmitting laminate having excellent heat shielding properties and heat insulating properties and a method of producing a light transmitting laminate.
- a light transmitting laminate film (light transmitting laminate) having a heat shielding property may be applied to window glass of buildings such as buildings and houses, window glass of vehicles such as automobiles, etc. for the purpose of shielding solar radiation. . It has been proposed to form an organic thin film as a high refractive index thin film of a light transmitting laminate.
- the problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a light transmitting laminate that satisfies the light transmittance and adhesiveness of a high refractive index thin film even when forming a film for a short time, and a method for producing the same.
- the light transmitting laminate according to the present invention comprises a metal thin film layer, a high refractive index thin film layer having a refractive index higher than that of the metal thin film layer, and a light transmitting substrate in this order
- the high refractive index thin film layer contains a high refractive index polymer having a functional group containing at least one element selected from N, O and S, and a leveling agent, and the content of the leveling agent is the high refractive index
- the gist is that the content is in the range of 0.20 to 20.32 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the polymer of the thin film layer.
- the metal thin film layer is preferably made of silver or a silver alloy.
- a barrier thin film made of metal or metal oxide is disposed between the metal thin film layer and the high refractive index thin film layer.
- the high refractive index thin film layer preferably further contains a crosslinked polymer.
- the leveling agent preferably comprises a fluorine-based compound.
- the light transmitting substrate is preferably made of a polyolefin film.
- the barrier thin film is preferably made of titanium or titanium oxide.
- the high refractive index polymer is preferably a polymer having a triazine ring.
- the manufacturing method of the light transmission laminated body which concerns on this invention is a manufacturing method of the light transmission laminated body of the said description, Comprising: The process of forming the said high refractive index thin film layer on the said light transmission board
- the present invention is summarized in that the solvent is removed after coating on a porous substrate.
- the solvent preferably includes a good solvent for the high refractive index polymer and a low boiling point solvent having a boiling point of 120 ° C. or less.
- the low boiling point solvent is preferably a poor solvent for the high refractive index polymer.
- the mixing ratio of the good solvent to the low boiling point solvent is preferably 50/50 to 80/20 as a mass ratio of good solvent / low boiling point solvent.
- the coating liquid preferably further contains a crosslinkable compound, and the crosslinkable compound is preferably crosslinked in the step of forming the high refractive index thin film layer.
- the crosslinkable compound is preferably crosslinked by photocrosslinking.
- the film when the high refractive index thin film layer contains the high refractive index polymer and the leveling agent, and the content of the leveling agent is within the specific range, the film is formed for a short time The light transmittance and adhesion of the high refractive index thin film are satisfied even in the above.
- the adhesion to a high refractive index thin film layer made of an organic thin film is excellent. Moreover, it is excellent in light transmittance, solar radiation shielding property, and heat ray reflectivity.
- a barrier thin film made of metal or metal oxide is disposed between the metal thin film layer and the high refractive index thin film layer, the migration of the leveling agent is suppressed, thereby reducing the adhesion between the metal thin film layer and the high refractive index thin film layer Is reduced.
- the high refractive index thin film layer further contains a crosslinked polymer
- migration of the leveling agent is suppressed, and the decrease in adhesion between the metal thin film layer and the high refractive index thin film layer is thereby suppressed.
- the leveling agent is composed of a fluorine-based compound
- the unevenness of the thin film surface can be controlled to be smaller.
- the light transmitting substrate is made of a polyolefin film
- the heat insulating property is further enhanced.
- the barrier thin film is made of titanium or titanium oxide, it is dense and particularly excellent in the effect of suppressing migration of the leveling agent.
- the high refractive index polymer is a polymer having a triazine ring, the refractive index of the organic thin film is high, and the light transmittance of the light transmitting laminate is excellent.
- the manufacturing method of the light transmission laminated body which concerns on this invention, it is a manufacturing method of the light transmission laminated body of the above-mentioned description, and the light transmission of the coating liquid containing a high refractive index polymer, a leveling agent, and a solvent is carried out. After coating on a substrate, the solvent is removed to form a high refractive index thin film layer, so that the light transmittance and adhesiveness of the high refractive index thin film are satisfied even when forming a film for a short time.
- the solvent contains a good solvent of a high refractive index polymer and a low boiling point solvent having a boiling point of 120 ° C. or less, it is possible to form a film with high thickness accuracy even on a light transmitting substrate with low heat resistance.
- the mixing ratio of the good solvent and the low boiling point solvent is within the specific range, the film formability on a light transmitting substrate having low storage stability and low heat resistance is excellent.
- the coating liquid further contains a crosslinkable compound and crosslinks the crosslinkable compound in the step of forming the high refractive index thin film layer, the migration of the leveling agent is suppressed, whereby the adhesion of the metal thin film layer and the high refractive index thin film is lowered Is reduced.
- the crosslinkable compound is crosslinked by photocrosslinking, it can also be applied on a low heat resistant light transmitting substrate.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a light transmitting laminate according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
- the light transmitting laminate 10 includes the metal thin film layer 16, the high refractive index thin film layer 14, and the light transmitting substrate 12 in this order.
- the high refractive index thin film layer 14 is provided in contact with one surface of the light transmitting substrate 12.
- the metal thin film layer 16 is provided in contact with the high refractive index thin film layer 14.
- a high refractive index thin film layer 18 is provided in contact with the surface of the metal thin film layer 16.
- the light transmitting substrate 12 is a base serving as a base for forming thin film layers such as the high refractive index thin film layer 14 and the metal thin film layer 16.
- the material of the light transmitting substrate 12 is not particularly limited as long as it has light transmitting properties, a thin film can be formed on the surface without any trouble, and it has flexibility.
- a light transmitting polymer film, a flexible glass and the like can be mentioned.
- the light transmittance as referred to herein means that the value of transmittance in the wavelength region of 360 to 830 nm is 50% or more.
- polyethylene terephthalate, polycarbonate, polymethyl methacrylate, polyethylene, polypropylene, ethylene- ⁇ -olefin copolymer, and cycloolefin polymer are more preferable from the viewpoint of excellent transparency, durability, and processability. It can be mentioned.
- polyolefins chain polyolefins, cyclic polyolefins
- polyethylene, polypropylene, ethylene- ⁇ -olefin copolymers, cycloolefin polymers and the like are mentioned as more preferable materials.
- polyolefin does not have a functional group like polyethylene terephthalate (PET), absorption of infrared rays of the film itself is reduced. In this case, it is difficult to absorb heating heat generated indoors and the like, and heat insulation is further enhanced.
- PET polyethylene terephthalate
- a polyolefin film is excellent in flexibility, it is suitable for application to applications requiring flexibility.
- polyolefin films are less expensive than PET films.
- the film is in the form of a thin film and generally has a thickness of 200 ⁇ m or less or 250 ⁇ m or less. What is necessary is just to have a degree of flexibility enough to be rolled, and as such, it may be 200 ⁇ m or more or 250 ⁇ m or more thick.
- the film is generally delivered as a roll.
- polypropylene is preferable from the viewpoint of light transmittance, durability, processability and the like.
- biaxially oriented polypropylene OPP
- Biaxially oriented polypropylene is also preferable in that it is relatively strong in a polyolefin film.
- the polyolefin film may be surface-treated on one or both surfaces thereof.
- the surface treatment may, for example, be corona treatment or plasma treatment.
- a hydroxyl group, an oxygen group, etc. are formed in the surface of a polyolefin film, and the adhesiveness with the layer which touches a polyolefin film improves.
- the thickness of the light transmitting polymer film is preferably 10 ⁇ m or more from the viewpoint of removability at the time of application of the light transmitting laminate 10 and the like. More preferably, it is 15 micrometers or more, More preferably, it is 20 micrometers or more. Moreover, it is preferable that it is 100 micrometers or less from a viewpoint of being excellent in productivity in roll to roll etc. More preferably, it is 50 ⁇ m or less.
- the metal thin film layer 16 is made of a metal that easily reflects far infrared radiation, and can function as a solar radiation shielding layer.
- the metal of the metal thin film layer 16 include silver, a silver alloy, aluminum, an aluminum alloy, iron, an iron alloy and the like. These may be used singly as the metal of the metal thin film layer 16 or may be used in combination of two or more.
- silver and silver alloys are more preferable from the viewpoint of excellent light transmittance, solar radiation shielding properties, heat ray reflectivity and the like.
- a silver alloy is more preferable from a viewpoint that durability with respect to environments, such as heat, light, water vapor, etc. improves.
- the silver alloy is preferably a silver alloy containing silver as a main component and at least one metal element such as copper, bismuth, gold, palladium, platinum and titanium. More preferably, a silver alloy containing copper (Ag-Cu alloy), a silver alloy containing bismuth (Ag-Bi alloy), a silver alloy containing titanium (Ag-Ti alloy), etc. are preferable.
- the thickness of the metal thin film layer 16 is preferably 3 nm or more, more preferably 4 nm or more, and still more preferably 5 nm or more, from the viewpoint of stability, solar radiation shielding property, and the like. Further, from the viewpoint of light transmittance, economy and the like, it is preferably 30 nm or less, more preferably 20 nm or less, and still more preferably 15 nm or less.
- the high refractive index thin film layers 14 and 18 can exhibit functions such as enhancing light transmittance by being laminated together with the metal thin film layer 16.
- the high refractive index thin film layers 14 and 18 have a refractive index higher than that of the metal thin film layer 16.
- the refractive index refers to the refractive index for light of 633 nm.
- the refractive index of the high refractive index thin film layers 14 and 18 is preferably 1.6 or more. More preferably, it is 1.7 or more.
- the high refractive index thin film layers 14 and 18 are made of an organic thin film. Inorganic thin films such as metal oxide thin films are easily broken. When the high refractive index thin film layers 14 and 18 are formed of an organic thin film, cracking of the high refractive index thin film layers 14 and 18 can be easily suppressed.
- the high refractive index thin film layers 14 and 18 contain a high refractive index polymer and a leveling agent.
- the high refractive index polymer may be a crosslinked polymer or a non-crosslinked polymer. Among these, non-crosslinked polymers are more preferable from the viewpoint of excellent processability and the like.
- the high refractive index polymer is made of an organic polymer having a functional group containing at least one element selected from N, S and O.
- Organic polymers having such functional groups tend to have a relatively high refractive index.
- N, S and O an organic polymer containing N and especially S is preferable in that the refractive index tends to be particularly high.
- these elements are elements that are strongly bonded to the metal of the metal thin film layer 16, and the high refractive index thin film layers 14 and 18 made of organic thin films are high refractive index thin film layers 14 and 18 due to functional groups containing these elements. Strongly adheres to the metal thin film layer 16 in contact therewith, and the adhesion to the metal thin film layer 16 is improved.
- N and S are elements having a strong bond with Ag among metals, and if it is an organic polymer having a functional group containing N and S, adhesion to the metal thin film layer 16 containing Ag Is particularly good.
- Examples of the functional group containing S include sulfonyl group (—SO 2 —), thiol group, thioester group and the like. Among these, from the viewpoint of being excellent in adhesion to the metal thin film layer 16 and the like, a sulfonyl group, a thiol group and the like are more preferable. And as a polymer which has a functional group containing S, polyether sulfone (PES), polysulfone, polyphenyl sulfone, etc. are mentioned.
- PES polyether sulfone
- a functional group containing O a carboxyl group, ester group, a ketone group, a hydroxyl group etc. are mentioned. Among these, a carboxyl group, an ester group, and the like are more preferable from the viewpoint of being excellent in adhesion to the metal thin film layer 16 and the like. And as a polymer which has a functional group containing O, an epoxy resin etc. are mentioned.
- a functional group containing N As a functional group containing N, a carbazole group, an imide group, a nitrile group etc. are mentioned. Among these, carbazole group, imide group and the like are more preferable from the viewpoint of being excellent in adhesion to the metal thin film layer 16 and the like.
- a polymer which has a functional group containing N polyvinyl carbazole (PVK), a polyimide, etc. are mentioned.
- the polymer which has a triazine ring is mentioned. A polymer having a triazine ring is particularly preferable because of its relatively high refractive index (1.70 or more).
- polyoxyethylene alkyl ethers such as polyoxyethylene lauryl ether, polyoxyethylene stearyl ether, polyoxyethylene cetyl ether, polyoxyethylene oleyl ether, etc .; polyoxyethylene octyl phenol ether, polyoxyethylene nonyl phenol ether, etc.
- Fatty acid esters polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate, polyoxyethylene sorbiter
- Nonionic surfactants such as polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid esters such as vinyl monopalmitate, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate, polyoxyethylene sorbitan trioleate, polyoxyethylene sorbitan tristearate, etc.
- EF303, EF352 Mitsubishi Materials Electronics Kasei Co., Ltd.
- the content of the leveling agent in the high refractive index thin film layers 14 and 18 is in the range of 0.20 to 20.32 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the high refractive index polymer of the high refractive index thin layers 14 and 18.
- the content is less than 0.20 parts by mass, the unevenness of the thin film surface becomes large when forming a film for a short time, and the light transmittance of the high refractive index thin film layers 14 and 18 is not satisfied. If the content is more than 20.32 parts by mass, the adhesion of the metal thin film layer 16 to the high refractive index thin film layers 14 and 18 is not satisfied.
- the refractive index of the high refractive index thin film layers 14 and 18 is lowered by the addition of the leveling agent, and the light transmittance is not satisfied.
- the content is more preferably 0.5 parts by mass or more, and still more preferably 1.0 parts by mass or more from the viewpoint of suppressing unevenness of the thin film surface in film formation for a short time as described above. Further, as described above, from the viewpoints of adhesiveness, light transmission and the like, the content is more preferably 15 parts by mass or less, still more preferably 10 parts by mass or less.
- the high refractive index thin film layers 14 and 18 may further contain a crosslinked polymer.
- the migration of the leveling agent can be suppressed by the high refractive index thin film layers 14 and 18 further containing a crosslinked polymer.
- the adhesiveness fall of the metal thin film layer 16 to the high refractive index thin film layers 14 and 18 can be suppressed.
- peeling of the high refractive index thin film layer 14 can be suppressed even in a moist heat environment. The reason that peeling of the high refractive index thin film layer 14 is likely to occur in a wet heat environment (for example, 60 ° C.
- the cross-linked polymer is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include polymers of polyfunctional acrylates and polymers of polyfunctional methacrylates. These polymers are also resistant to the generation of radicals when exposed to sunlight, thus improving weatherability.
- the crosslinking method of the crosslinked polymer is not particularly limited, and various methods such as peroxide crosslinking, sulfur crosslinking, and photocrosslinking can be mentioned. Of these, photocrosslinking is preferred. It is possible to crosslink at low temperature and to suppress the thermal deformation of a low heat resistant substrate such as a polyolefin film. In addition, crosslinking in a short time by light becomes possible. Polymers of polyfunctional acrylates and polymers of polyfunctional methacrylates are capable of photocrosslinking.
- the polyfunctional acrylate or polyfunctional methacrylate is not particularly limited as long as it has two or more (meth) acrylic groups in one molecule.
- a radical photopolymerization initiator can also be used.
- the photo radical polymerization initiator may also be appropriately selected from known ones and used. For example, acetophenones, benzophenones, Michler's benzoyl benzoate, amiloxime ester, tetramethylthiuram monosulfide and thioxanthones, etc. may be mentioned.
- a photo radical polymerization initiator it is preferably used in the range of 0.1 to 15 parts by mass, more preferably in the range of 1 to 10 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the polyfunctional acrylate or polyfunctional methacrylate. is there.
- the polymer component of the high refractive index thin film layers 14 and 18 may be configured to include other polymers, but it is preferable that the high refractive index polymer and the cross-linked polymer be used.
- the content of the crosslinked polymer is preferably in the range of 2 to 100 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the high refractive index polymer. More preferably, it is in the range of 5 to 20 parts by mass.
- the content of the crosslinked polymer is 2 parts by mass or more with respect to 100 parts by mass of the high refractive index polymer, the migration of the leveling agent can be easily suppressed, and the metal thin film layer 16 to the high refractive index thin film layers 14 and 18 thereby It is easy to suppress the decrease in adhesion of Since the content of the said crosslinked polymer is suppressed as content of the said crosslinked polymer is 100 mass parts or less with respect to 100 mass parts of said high refractive index polymers, high refractive index is maintainable. Moreover, it is excellent in the adhesive force of the high refractive index thin film layer 14 by the said high refractive index polymer.
- the high refractive index thin film layer 14 in contact with the light transmitting substrate 12 may further contain a silane coupling agent, an acrylic additive, an inorganic filler, and a combination of two or more of these.
- the adhesion to the light transmitting substrate 12 can be improved by the high refractive index thin film layer 14 further containing a silane coupling agent, an acrylic additive, an inorganic filler, and a combination of two or more of these. Thereby, even in the 180 ° peel test, it is possible to ensure high adhesiveness such that the peel can be suppressed. At this time, when the silane coupling agent and the acrylic additive are used in combination, the adhesion to the light transmitting substrate 12 can be further improved.
- the silane coupling agent can form a covalent bond with the hydroxyl group on the surface of the light transmitting substrate 12 by being added, and improve the adhesion to the light transmitting substrate 12.
- the silane coupling agent may have a functional group other than an alkoxysilyl group, or may not have any other functional group. From the viewpoint of improving the adhesion to the light transmitting substrate 12, the silane coupling agent is more preferably one further having a functional group other than an alkoxysilyl group.
- Examples of functional groups other than the alkoxysilyl group include vinyl group, epoxy group, styryl group, methacryloxy group, acryloxy group, amino group, ureido group, mercapto group, sulfide group, isocyanate group and the like.
- One of these silane coupling agents may be used alone, or two or more thereof may be used in combination.
- an epoxy group, a methacryloxy group, an acryloxy group, an amino group and a ureido group are preferable from the viewpoint that the effect of improving the adhesion to the light transmitting substrate 12 is particularly high. Further, from the viewpoint of particularly high coating solution stability, a methacryloxy group, an acryloxy group and a ureido group are preferable.
- silane coupling agent (vinyl type) which has a vinyl group, vinyl trimethoxysilane, vinyl triethoxysilane, etc. are mentioned.
- silane coupling agent (epoxy type) having an epoxy group, 2- (3,4-epoxycyclohexyl) ethyltrimethoxysilane, 3-glycidoxypropylmethyldimethoxysilane, 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane, Examples thereof include 3-glycidoxypropylmethyldiethoxysilane, 3-glycidoxypropyltriethoxysilane and the like.
- silane coupling agent (methacrylic based) having a methacryloxy group 3-methacryloxypropylmethyldimethoxysilane, 3-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-methacryloxypropylmethyldiethoxysilane, 3-methacryloxypropyltriethoxy Silane etc. are mentioned.
- silane coupling agent (acrylic type) having an acryloxy group include 3-acryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane and the like.
- silane coupling agent having an amino group
- silane coupling agent sulfide type
- the content of the silane coupling agent in the high refractive index thin film layer 14 is preferably in the range of 5 to 90 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the high refractive index polymer of the high refractive index thin film layer 14. More preferably, it is in the range of 10 to 60 parts by mass, more preferably in the range of 20 to 40 parts by mass.
- the content of the silane coupling agent is 10 parts by mass or more with respect to 100 parts by mass of the high refractive index polymer, the effect of improving the adhesion to the light transmitting substrate 12 is excellent.
- the content of the silane coupling agent is 20 parts by mass or more with respect to 100 parts by mass of the high refractive index polymer, the effect of improving the adhesion to the light transmitting substrate 12 is particularly excellent.
- the acrylic additive may, for example, be a polymer of polyfunctional acrylate or a polymer of polyfunctional methacrylate. Also, it may be a polymer of monofunctional acrylate or a polymer of monofunctional methacrylate.
- the polymer of polyfunctional acrylate or the polymer of polyfunctional methacrylate can be appropriately selected from those described above.
- the polymer of monofunctional acrylate or the polymer of monofunctional methacrylate can be appropriately selected from the following.
- Polymers of monofunctional acrylates or polymers of monofunctional methacrylates are acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl methacrylate, tricyclodecanyl acrylate, isobornyl acrylate, ethyl carbyl Tall acrylate, tetrahydrofurfuryl acrylate, lauryl acrylate, benzyl acrylate, cyclohexyl acrylate, 2-hydroxypropyl acrylate, 2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate, 2-ethylhexyl carbitol acrylate, 2-phenoxyethyl acrylate, caprolactone modified tetrahydrofurfuryl acrylate, caprolactone Modified tetrahydrofurfuryl methacrylate, t-butylaminoethyl acrylate Rate, etc. t- butylaminoethy
- the content of the acrylic additive in the high refractive index thin film layer 14 is preferably in the range of 10 to 50 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the high refractive index polymer of the high refractive index thin film layer 14. More preferably, it is in the range of 10 to 40 parts by mass, and more preferably in the range of 15 to 30 parts by mass.
- the content of the acrylic additive is 10 parts by mass or more with respect to 100 parts by mass of the high refractive index polymer, the effect of improving the adhesion to the light transmitting substrate 12 is excellent.
- Inorganic fillers include zirconium dioxide, titanium dioxide, silicon dioxide, aluminum oxide and the like. Among these, zirconium dioxide, titanium dioxide and silicon dioxide are particularly preferable from the viewpoint of the heat transmission coefficient. One of these may be used alone, or two or more of these may be used in combination.
- the content of the inorganic filler in the high refractive index thin film layer 14 is preferably in the range of 0.55 to 30 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the high refractive index polymer of the high refractive index thin film layer 14. More preferably, it is in the range of 0.73 to 5.0 parts by mass.
- the content of the inorganic filler of 0.55 parts by mass or more with respect to 100 parts by mass of the high refractive index polymer is more excellent because of the effect of improving the adhesion to the light transmitting substrate 12.
- the film thickness of the high refractive index thin film layers 14 and 18 can be adjusted in consideration of solar radiation shielding property, visibility, reflection color and the like.
- the film thickness of the high refractive index thin film layers 14 and 18 is preferably 5 nm or more, more preferably 8 nm, from the viewpoint of easily suppressing the coloring of red and yellow of the reflection color and easily obtaining high light transmittance. The above, more preferably 10 nm or more.
- the film thickness of the high refractive index thin film layers 14 and 18 is preferably 90 nm or less, more preferably 85 nm, from the viewpoint of easily suppressing the green coloration of the reflected color and obtaining high light transmittance. Or less, more preferably 80 nm or less.
- the high refractive index thin film layers 14 and 18 preferably have a gel fraction of 20% or more. More preferably, it is 30% or more. When the gel fraction is 20% or more, the solvent resistance after formation of the high refractive index thin film layers 14 and 18 is secured.
- the high refractive index thin film layers 14 and 18 preferably have a gel fraction of 90% or less. More preferably, it is 80% or less. When the gel fraction is 90% or less, the cure shrinkage at the time of forming the high refractive index thin film layers 14 and 18 is suppressed, and the peeling of the high refractive index thin film layers 14 and 18 is suppressed.
- the gel fraction of the high refractive index thin film layers 14 and 18 can be adjusted by the blending ratio of the high refractive index polymer and the crosslinked polymer.
- the light transmitting laminate 10 can be manufactured by the manufacturing method according to the present invention.
- the manufacturing method according to the present invention includes the steps of forming the high refractive index thin film layer 14 on the light transmitting substrate 12 (first step) and forming the metal thin film layer 16 on the high refractive index thin film layer 14 And the second step).
- the metal thin film layer 16 can be formed by sputtering or the like.
- the light transmitting laminate 10 is obtained by further forming a high refractive index thin film layer 18 on the metal thin film layer 16 (third step).
- the high refractive index thin film layers 14 and 18 are formed by removing the solvent after coating on the light transmitting substrate 12 using a coating liquid containing a high refractive index polymer, a leveling agent and a solvent.
- the high refractive index polymer and the leveling agent are as described above.
- the solvent preferably contains at least a good solvent for the high refractive index polymer that dissolves the high refractive index polymer.
- good solvents for high refractive index polymers propylene glycol monomethyl ether, ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, propylene glycol, propylene glycol monoethyl ether, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, ethylene glycol monoisopropyl ether, ethylene glycol methyl ether acetate, ethylene glycol ethyl Ether acetate, propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, cyclohexanone, cyclopentanone, formamide, N, N-dimethylformamide, heptanol, p-xylene, m-xylene, o-xylene and the like.
- One of these solvents may be used alone as a good solvent for the high refractive index polymer, or two or more solvents may be used in combination.
- cyclopentanone is particularly preferable from the viewpoint of film forming ability in a short time, productivity and the like.
- the solvent may be composed of only one or more of the good solvents of the high refractive index polymer, and may contain a poor solvent of the high refractive index polymer in addition to the good solvent of the high refractive index polymer It may be The good solvent has a higher boiling point than the low boiling point solvent described below.
- the solvent preferably further contains a low boiling point solvent having a boiling point of 120 ° C. or less in addition to the good solvent for the high refractive index polymer.
- a low boiling point solvent having a boiling point of 120 ° C. or less in addition to the good solvent for the high refractive index polymer.
- the low boiling point solvent may be a good solvent for the high refractive index polymer or a poor solvent for the high refractive index polymer.
- Low-boiling solvents include alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, propanol, butanol and isopropyl alcohol, organic acid esters such as ethyl acetate, acetonitrile, ketones such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone and 4-methyl-2-pentanone, tetrahydrofuran and dioxane And cycloethers, hydrocarbons such as hexane, and aromatics such as toluene. These may be used alone as a low boiling point solvent, or may be used in combination of two or more. Among these, methyl ethyl ketone is particularly preferable from the viewpoint of film forming ability in a short time, productivity and the like.
- the boiling point of the low boiling point solvent is more preferably 110 ° C. or less, still more preferably 100 ° C. or less.
- a boiling point of a low boiling point solvent 30 ° C or more is preferred from a viewpoint of solid content change by volatilization, etc. More preferably, it is 40 ° C. or higher.
- Good and poor solvents differ in terms of dissolution stability (precipitation).
- the method of removing the solvent is not particularly limited, methods such as heating evaporation, natural volatilization, distillation under reduced pressure and the like can be used. Among these, the method of heating evaporation is preferable from the viewpoint of excellent cost and the like.
- the step of forming the high refractive index thin film layer 14 on the light transmitting substrate 12 (first step) and the metal thin film layer 16 on the high refractive index thin film layer 14 in terms of cost. It is preferable to use continuous film formation in which the forming step (second step) is continuously performed.
- the long light transmitting substrate 12 is drawn from the first drum by roll-to-roll, and the coating solution is applied on the light transmitting substrate 12 in a line toward the second drum, and then The solvent is removed by a method such as heating to form a high refractive index thin film layer 14 on the light transmitting substrate 12 (first step), and subsequently a metal thin film on the high refractive index thin film layer 14 by a method such as sputtering
- the layer 16 is formed (second step), and if necessary, the high refractive index thin film layer 18 is formed according to the high refractive index thin film layer 14, and then the film is manufactured by winding it on a second drum.
- the heating time in the heating step is preferably 10 to 180 s in consideration of productivity, product stability, and the like. More preferably, it is 15 to 120 s.
- the heating time in the heating step is more preferably 15 s or more, and further preferably 20 s or more. And when the heating time is 180 s or less, the film forming property for a short time and the productivity are excellent.
- the heating time in the heating step is more preferably 120 s or less, still more preferably 60 s or less.
- the heating time and the heating temperature may be determined in consideration of the material, productivity, product stability and the like of the light transmitting substrate 12.
- the heating time is preferably 60 seconds or less and the heating temperature is 90 ° C. or less.
- the mixing ratio of the good solvent to the low boiling point solvent is preferably 50/50 to 80/20 as the mass ratio of the good solvent / low boiling point solvent.
- the proportion of the low boiling point solvent in the total 100% by mass of the good solvent and the low boiling point solvent is 50% by mass or less, the storage stability of the coating liquid is excellent from the dissolution stability of the high refractive index polymer in the coating liquid.
- the proportion of the low boiling point solvent is more preferably 45% by mass or less, and further preferably 40% by mass or less.
- the proportion of the low boiling point solvent in the total 100% by mass of the good solvent and the low boiling point solvent is 20% by mass or more, the film can be formed with excellent thickness accuracy even on a light transmitting substrate with low heat resistance. From this viewpoint, the proportion of the low boiling point solvent is more preferably 25% by mass or more, further preferably 30% by mass or more.
- the coating liquid may further contain a crosslinkable compound in addition to the high refractive index polymer, the leveling agent and the solvent.
- a crosslinkable compound in addition to the high refractive index polymer, the leveling agent and the solvent.
- the coating liquid further contains a crosslinkable compound and the crosslinkable compound is crosslinked in the step of forming the high refractive index thin film layers 14 and 18, the high refractive index thin film layers 14 and 18 contain a crosslinked polymer, and the leveling agent Migration of the metal thin film layer 16 and the high refractive index thin film layers 14 and 18 is thereby suppressed.
- the crosslinkable compound forms a crosslinked polymer, and is a crosslinkable compound (monomer, oligomer, polymer, prepolymer).
- a polyfunctional acrylate or polyfunctional methacrylate etc. are mentioned. Since these polymers are less likely to generate radicals when receiving sunlight, they also improve the weather resistance of the high refractive index thin film layers 14 and 18. Examples of polyfunctional acrylates and polyfunctional methacrylates include those described above.
- the crosslinking method of the crosslinking compound is not particularly limited, and various methods such as peroxide crosslinking, sulfur crosslinking, and photocrosslinking can be mentioned. Of these, photocrosslinking is preferred. It is possible to crosslink at low temperature and to suppress the thermal deformation of a low heat resistant substrate such as a polyolefin film. In addition, crosslinking in a short time by light becomes possible. Multifunctional acrylates and multifunctional methacrylates are capable of photocrosslinking.
- the high refractive index thin film layers 14 and 18 contain the high refractive index polymer and the leveling agent, and the content of the leveling agent is within the specific range, the short time Even in the case of film formation, the light transmittance and adhesiveness of the high refractive index thin film are satisfied.
- the high refractive index thin film layers 14 and 18 further contain a crosslinked polymer, migration of the leveling agent is suppressed, and the decrease in adhesion between the metal thin film layer 16 and the high refractive index thin film layers 14 and 18 is thereby suppressed.
- the leveling agent has the effect of increasing the wettability by lowering the surface tension of the coating liquid, and makes the irregularities on the thin film surface small after solvent removal, but when the leveling agent consists of a fluorine-based compound, The leveling agent is unevenly distributed in the vicinity of the surface, and by controlling the evaporation rate of the solvent, it is possible to control the unevenness of the thin film surface after solvent removal smaller. As a result, it is possible to secure excellent light transmittance even in the case of forming a film on a nano-order level for a short time.
- the solvent is removed and high refraction is carried out. Since the thin film layer is formed, the light transmittance and adhesion of the high refractive index thin film are satisfied even in the case of film formation for a short time.
- the solvent contains a good solvent of a high refractive index polymer and a low boiling point solvent having a boiling point of 120 ° C. or less, it is possible to form a film with high thickness accuracy even on a light transmitting substrate with low heat resistance.
- the film formability on a light transmitting substrate having low storage stability and low heat resistance is excellent.
- the coating liquid further contains a crosslinkable compound and crosslinks the crosslinkable compound in the step of forming the high refractive index thin film layer, the migration of the leveling agent is suppressed, whereby the adhesion of the metal thin film layer and the high refractive index thin film is lowered. Is reduced.
- the crosslinkable compound is crosslinked by photocrosslinking, it can also be applied on a low heat resistant light transmitting substrate.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a light transmitting laminate according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
- the light transmitting laminate 20 includes the metal thin film layer 16, the high refractive index thin film layer 14, and the light transmitting substrate 12 in this order.
- Barrier thin films 22 and 24 are provided on both sides of the metal thin film layer 16 in contact with the metal thin film layer 16 respectively. That is, the barrier thin film 22 is disposed between the metal thin film layer 16 and the high refractive index thin film layer 14, and the barrier thin film 24 is disposed between the metal thin film layer 16 and the high refractive index thin film layer 18.
- the high refractive index thin film layer 14 is provided in contact with one surface of the light transmitting substrate 12.
- the barrier thin film 22 is provided in contact with the high refractive index thin film layer 14.
- the metal thin film layer 16 is provided in contact with the barrier thin film 22.
- the barrier thin film 24 is provided in contact with the metal thin film layer 16. Further, a high refractive index thin film layer 18 is provided in contact with the surface of the barrier thin film 24.
- the light transmitting laminate 20 according to the second embodiment has a point that the barrier thin films 22 and 24 are provided on both sides of the metal thin film layer 16 as compared to the light transmitting laminate 10 according to the first embodiment.
- the other configuration is the same as that of the light transmitting laminate 10 according to the first embodiment.
- symbol is attached
- the barrier thin films 22 and 24 are made of metal or metal oxide.
- the barrier thin films 22 and 24 suppress migration of the leveling agent, thereby suppressing the decrease in adhesion between the metal thin film layer 16 and the high refractive index thin film layers 14 and 18.
- the types of metals and metal oxides are not particularly limited.
- the metal include titanium, zinc, indium, tin, magnesium, zirconium, niobium, cerium, nickel, chromium, tungsten, molybdenum, silicon and the like.
- metal oxides titanium oxide, zinc oxide, indium oxide, tin oxide, indium-tin oxide, magnesium oxide, aluminum oxide, zirconium oxide, niobium oxide, cerium oxide, nickel oxide , Chromium oxide, tungsten oxide, molybdenum oxide, silica and the like.
- titanium or titanium oxide is preferred. Since the barrier thin films 22 and 24 made of titanium or titanium oxide are dense, they are particularly excellent in the effect of suppressing the migration of the leveling agent.
- the barrier thin films 22 and 24 may be provided from the viewpoint of suppressing the migration of the leveling agent, but if the thickness is too large, the light transmission is lowered, so the thin (thin film) is preferable from the light transmission viewpoint.
- the range of 0.3 to 5.0 nm is preferable from the conversion of the film forming rate. More preferably, it is in the range of 0.5 to 3.0 nm.
- the barrier thin films 22 and 24 are preferably formed by a vapor phase method from the viewpoint of being able to form a dense film and uniformly forming a thin film of about several nm to several tens of nm.
- vapor phase methods include physical vapor phase methods (PVD) such as vacuum evaporation, sputtering, ion plating, MBE and laser ablation, chemical vapor phase methods such as thermal CVD and plasma CVD ( CVD) and the like.
- PVD physical vapor phase methods
- CVD chemical vapor phase methods
- sputtering methods such as DC magnetron sputtering and RF magnetron sputtering are preferable from the viewpoint of easy film thickness control.
- the high refractive index thin film layers 14 and 18 contain the high refractive index polymer and the leveling agent as in the light transmitting laminate 10, and the content of the leveling agent is Since it is a specific range, the light transmittance and adhesiveness of the high refractive index thin film are satisfied even when forming a film for a short time.
- the barrier thin film 22 is disposed between the metal thin film layer 16 and the high refractive index thin film layer 14, the migration of the leveling agent is suppressed, and the adhesion deterioration of the metal thin film layer 16 and the high refractive index thin film layer 14 is thereby reduced. Is reduced.
- the barrier thin film 24 is disposed between the metal thin film layer 16 and the high refractive index thin film layer 18, the migration of the leveling agent is suppressed, and the adhesion deterioration of the metal thin film layer 16 and the high refractive index thin film layer 18 is thereby reduced. Is reduced.
- the high refractive index thin film layer 18 is provided in contact with the surface of the metal thin film layer 16, but as in the light transmitting laminate 30 shown in FIG.
- the high refractive index thin film layer 18 may not be provided on the surface.
- the high refractive index thin film layer 18 may not be provided.
- the metal thin film layer 16 is composed of one layer, and the three-layer configuration in which the high refractive index thin film layers 14 and 18 are disposed on both surfaces is shown.
- the laminated structure of the metal thin film layer and the high refractive index thin film layer is not limited to this configuration. From the light transmitting substrate 12 side, two or more layers in total may be laminated like a metal thin film layer / high refractive index thin film layer / metal thin film layer / high refractive index thin film layer. From the substrate 12 side, two or more layers may be laminated in total as high refractive index thin film layer / metal thin film layer / high refractive index thin film layer / metal thin film layer / high refractive index thin film layer.
- the barrier thin films 22 and 24 are provided on both sides of the metal thin film layer 16, but as shown in FIG. 4, one side of the metal thin film layer 16 (high refractive index thin film layer 18 side Of the metal thin film layer 16 and the surface of the metal thin film layer 16 on the high refractive index thin film layer 14 side may not be provided.
- an adhesive layer may be provided on the surface of the high refractive index thin film layer 18.
- the adhesive layer is a layer for attaching the light transmitting laminate to an adherend such as a window or a display, and is made of an adhesive or an adhesive.
- the surface of the adhesive layer is optionally covered with a separator.
- a surface protective layer may be provided on the other surface of the light transmitting substrate 12. The surface protective layer is a layer disposed as the outermost layer, and prevents the surface of the light transmitting substrate from being scratched. In FIG.
- an adhesive layer 28 is further provided on the surface of the high refractive index thin film layer 18 in addition to the light transmitting laminate 10 according to the first embodiment, and surface protection is provided on the surface of the light transmitting substrate 12.
- a light transmissive laminate 50 is shown in which a layer 26 is provided.
- the surface protective layer can be made of a curable resin such as an acrylic resin, an organic-inorganic hybrid material, or the like.
- the organic-inorganic hybrid material is a material containing an organic component such as a curable resin and an inorganic component such as inorganic particles or an organic metal compound.
- the thickness of the surface protective layer is preferably 2.5 ⁇ m or less from the viewpoint of excellent thermal insulation (suppressing the heat transmission coefficient low). More preferably, it is 2.0 ⁇ m or less, further preferably 1.5 ⁇ m or less. Moreover, it is preferable that it is 0.4 micrometer or more from a viewpoint that it is excellent in abrasion resistance. More preferably, it is 0.6 micrometer or more, More preferably, it is 0.8 micrometer or more.
- the light transmitting laminate according to the present invention is suitably used as a light transmitting laminated film having a heat shielding property for the purpose of shielding solar radiation from window glass of buildings such as buildings and houses, and window glass of vehicles such as automobiles. It can be used.
- Example 1 to 4 As a light transmitting laminate according to Examples 1 to 4, on one surface of a light transmitting substrate made of a polyolefin film, a high refractive index thin film layer made of an organic thin film, a metal thin film layer, and a high refractive index made of an organic thin film A light transmitting laminate (FIG. 1) was fabricated in order of the ratio thin film layer. The outline is as follows.
- triazine ring-containing polymer photopolymerization initiator, composition containing a multifunctional acrylate), solid content concentration 3% by mass
- solvent cyclopentanone leveling agent (DIC stock Company-made “Megafuck F-559", fluorinated compound (oligomer))
- cyclopentanone leveling agent DI stock Company-made "Megafuck F-559", fluorinated compound (oligomer)
- Good solvent for triazine ring-containing polymer cyclopentanone
- Low boiling point solvent methyl ethyl ketone, 4-methyl-2-pentanone
- a corona treatment is applied to both sides of an OPP film (Toray Industries, Inc. “Trefhan BO 40-2500”, thickness: 40 ⁇ m), and the above coating solution for an organic thin film is coated on one side using a microgravure coater. After being processed and dried at 80 ° C. for 60 seconds, ultraviolet light of 200 mJ / cm 2 was irradiated to perform crosslinking treatment, thereby forming an organic thin film (film thickness of 20 nm). Next, an Ag—Cu alloy thin film (film thickness 7.8 nm) was formed on the first organic thin film by sputtering. Next, a second organic thin film (film thickness 20 nm) was formed on the Ag—Cu alloy thin film in the same manner as the first organic thin film. Thus, the light transmitting laminates of Examples 1 to 4 were produced.
- Example 5 As a light transmitting laminate according to Example 5, a high refractive index thin film layer made of an organic thin film, a barrier thin film made of a metal, a metal thin film layer, and a metal are formed on one surface of a light transmitting substrate made of a polyolefin film.
- a light transmitting laminate (FIG. 2) was produced in which a barrier thin film comprising the above and a high refractive index thin film layer comprising an organic thin film were sequentially formed. The outline is as follows.
- a corona treatment is applied to both sides of an OPP film (Toray Industries, Inc. “Trefhan BO 40-2500”, thickness: 40 ⁇ m), and the above coating solution for an organic thin film is coated on one side using a microgravure coater. After being processed and dried at 80 ° C. for 60 seconds, ultraviolet light of 200 mJ / cm 2 was irradiated to perform crosslinking treatment, thereby forming an organic thin film (film thickness of 20 nm). Next, a first titanium thin film (film thickness 2 nm) was formed on the first organic thin film by sputtering.
- Example 6 The light transmitting laminate prepared in Example 5 was heat treated at 40 ° C. for 300 hours in a heating furnace to oxidize the first and second titanium thin films into titanium oxide thin films. Thus, the light transmitting laminate of Example 6 was produced.
- Example 7 In Example 5, the process of forming the first titanium thin film is omitted, and an Ag—Cu alloy thin film is formed on the first organic thin film in the same manner as in Example 5.
- a light transmitting laminate was produced.
- the light transmitting laminate of Example 7 comprises a high refractive index thin film layer made of an organic thin film, a metal thin film layer, a barrier thin film made of titanium, and an organic thin film on one surface of a light transmitting substrate made of a polyolefin film. And a high refractive index thin film layer, which is a light transmitting laminate (FIG. 4).
- Example 8 The titanium thin film was oxidized to obtain a titanium oxide thin film by heat treating the light transmitting laminate produced in Example 7 at 40 ° C. for 300 hours in a heating furnace. Thus, the light transmitting laminate of Example 8 was produced.
- Example 9 The light transmitting laminate of Example 9 in the same manner as in Example 3 except that UR-108NT3 was used instead of UR-108NPT3 in the preparation of the coating liquid for an organic thin film, and the organic thin film was not cross-linked.
- UR-108NT3 manufactured by Nissan Chemical Industries, Ltd. (triazine ring-containing polymer, composition containing a photopolymerization initiator), solid content concentration 3% by mass, solvent: cyclohexanone
- Example 10 A light transmitting laminate in which a high refractive index thin film layer made of an organic thin film and a metal thin film layer are sequentially formed on one surface of a light transmitting substrate made of a polyolefin film as a light transmitting laminate according to Example 10 (FIG. 3) was produced. That is, a light transmitting laminate of Example 10 was produced in the same manner as in Example 3 except that the second organic thin film was not formed.
- Example 11 Both the first and second organic thin films were formed using the coating liquid for an organic thin film having the same composition as that of Example 2.
- the layer configuration was the same as in Example 6. Thus, a light transmitting laminate was produced.
- the second organic thin film was formed using the coating liquid for an organic thin film having the same composition as that of Example 2.
- the first organic thin film in contact with the light transmitting substrate is prepared by blending the coating liquid for an organic thin film having the same composition as in Example 2 with the composition described in Table 4 with a silane coupling agent and an acrylic additive. It formed.
- the layer configuration was the same as in Example 6.
- Silane coupling agent amine type: Shin-Etsu Silicone Co., Ltd.
- KBM-903 Silane coupling agent (acrylic): Shin-Etsu Silicone Co., Ltd.
- Acrylic additive “Z-729-35” manufactured by Aika Kogyo Co., Ltd.
- Comparative Example 1-2 In the preparation of the coating liquid for an organic thin film, a light transmitting laminate of Comparative Example 1 was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that no leveling agent was added. A light transmitting laminate of Comparative Example 2 was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the leveling agent was blended in the amount described in Table 1.
- the subelement (Cu) content in the Ag—Cu alloy thin film layer was determined as follows. That is, under each film forming condition, separately prepare a test piece in which an Ag-Cu alloy thin film layer is formed on a glass substrate, immerse this test piece in a 6% HNO 3 solution, and perform elution by ultrasonic waves for 20 minutes. Then, using the obtained sample solution, the concentration was measured by ICP analysis. The Cu content was 4 atomic%.
- the light transmittance and the adhesiveness were evaluated for each light transmitting laminate. In addition, heat insulation and thermal insulation were evaluated together. Further, in Examples 11 to 27, the adhesiveness was further evaluated by the 180 ° peel test.
- Optical transparency The functional film surface side of a 3 mm thick plate glass and a light transmitting laminate (hereinafter, a film) was attached with a 25 ⁇ m thick acrylic adhesive sheet (“5402” manufactured by Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd.) to prepare a test piece 1.
- the visible light transmittance was determined by measuring the transmission spectrum at a wavelength of 380 nm to 780 nm using a test piece 1 and a spectrophotometer (manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation) according to JIS A 5759. The appearance was visually confirmed from a position 30 cm away while reflecting the light of a three-wavelength fluorescent light onto the film.
- the visible light transmittance is 60% or more and there is no color unevenness in the appearance, the transparency (light transmittance) is good “ ⁇ ", the visible light transmittance is less than 60%, or the color unevenness is transparent (light (light) Permeability was poor "x”.
- Adhesiveness Cross peeling It was measured in accordance with JIS K5600-5-6. Apply a blade so that it is perpendicular to the surface of the OPP film on which the functional film is formed, insert six cuts at 2 mm intervals, change the direction by 90 degrees, and cut six cuts perpendicular to the previous cut. 25 squares were prepared at intervals of 2 mm. After that, a tape was attached to the cut portion of the film, and the tape was rubbed. After that, the tape was reliably peeled off at an angle close to 60 degrees, and the number of remaining mass was visually confirmed. The adhesion is particularly good " ⁇ " when the remaining mass number is 25 and the adhesion is good " ⁇ " when the remaining mass number is 20 or more and less than 25. When the remaining mass number is less than 20 The adhesive property was bad "x".
- a heat transmission coefficient of 5.0 W / (m 2 ⁇ K) or less is regarded as “ ⁇ ” which is excellent in heat insulation, and a heat transmission coefficient of 5.0 W / (m 2 ⁇ K) is regarded as “ ⁇ ” which is inferior to heat insulation.
- the solar radiation transmittance and the solar radiation reflectance are determined by measuring the transmission spectrum and the reflection spectrum at a wavelength of 300 nm to 2500 nm with a spectrophotometer (manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation) according to JIS A 5759 using the test piece 1, and according to JIS R3106 Corrected radiation on the glass surface side and the film surface side corrected by the coefficient described in JIS A 5759 by determining the reflectance of wavelength 5 ⁇ m to 50 ⁇ m by using an infrared spectrometer (manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation) to obtain the vertical emissivity The ratio was determined, and the shielding coefficient was determined by the calculation method of JIS A5759. The case where the shielding coefficient is 0.69 or less is regarded as good “ ⁇ ”, and the case where the shielding coefficient exceeds 0.69 is considered as “x” when the shielding coefficient is more than 0.69.
- the leveling agent is not contained in the coating liquid which forms a high refractive index thin film layer, and the leveling agent is not contained in the high refractive index thin film layer. For this reason, it is inferior to light transmittance.
- the amount of the leveling agent contained in the coating liquid for forming the high refractive index thin film layer is large. For this reason, it is inferior to light transmittance and adhesiveness.
- the coating liquid for forming the high refractive index thin film layer contains a specific amount of leveling agent, and the high refractive index thin film layer contains a specific amount of leveling agent. For this reason, it is excellent in light transmittance and adhesiveness also in film-forming for a short time.
- the silane coupling agent, the acryl additive, or both are included in the coating liquid for organic thin films for forming the high refractive index thin film layer (1st layer) which contact
- the improvement of the adhesiveness was confirmed by being (Examples 12 to 27).
Abstract
Description
実施例1~4に係る光透過性積層体として、ポリオレフィンフィルムからなる光透過性基板の一方面上に、有機薄膜からなる高屈折率薄膜層と、金属薄膜層と、有機薄膜からなる高屈折率薄膜層と、を順にする光透過性積層体(図1)を作製した。概略は以下の通りである。
表1に記載の配合組成にて、グラビアコーターで塗工可能な粘度(0.1~3.0mPa・s)に有機薄膜用塗工液を調製した。
・UR-108NPT3:日産化学工業社製(トリアジン環含有重合体、光重合開始剤、多官能アクリレートを含有する組成物)、固形分濃度3質量%、溶媒:シクロペンタノン
・レベリング剤(DIC株式会社製「メガファックF-559」、フッ素系化合物(オリゴマー))
・トリアジン環含有重合体の良溶媒:シクロペンタノン
・低沸点溶媒:メチルエチルケトン、4-メチル-2-ペンタノン
OPPフィルム(東レ社製「トレファンBO 40-2500」、厚み:40μm)の両面にコロナ処理を行い、その一方面上に、マイクログラビアコーターを用いて、上記の有機薄膜用塗工液を塗工し、80℃で60秒間乾燥後、200mJ/cm2の紫外線を照射して架橋処理することにより、有機薄膜(膜厚20nm)を形成した。次いで、この1層目の有機薄膜上にスパッタリングによりAg-Cu合金薄膜(膜厚7.8nm)を成膜した。次いで、このAg-Cu合金薄膜上に、1層目の有機薄膜と同様にして2層目の有機薄膜(膜厚20nm)を形成した。以上により、実施例1~4の光透過性積層体を作製した。
実施例5に係る光透過性積層体として、ポリオレフィンフィルムからなる光透過性基板の一方面上に、有機薄膜からなる高屈折率薄膜層と、金属からなるバリア薄膜と、金属薄膜層と、金属からなるバリア薄膜と、有機薄膜からなる高屈折率薄膜層と、を順にする光透過性積層体(図2)を作製した。概略は以下の通りである。
OPPフィルム(東レ社製「トレファンBO 40-2500」、厚み:40μm)の両面にコロナ処理を行い、その一方面上に、マイクログラビアコーターを用いて、上記の有機薄膜用塗工液を塗工し、80℃で60秒間乾燥後、200mJ/cm2の紫外線を照射して架橋処理することにより、有機薄膜(膜厚20nm)を形成した。次いで、この1層目の有機薄膜上にスパッタリングにより1層目のチタン薄膜(膜厚2nm)を成膜した。次いで、この1層目のチタン薄膜上にスパッタリングによりAg-Cu合金薄膜(膜厚7.8nm)を成膜した。次いで、このAg-Cu合金薄膜上にスパッタリングにより2層目のチタン薄膜(膜厚2nm)を成膜した。次いで、このチタン薄膜上に、1層目の有機薄膜と同様にして2層目の有機薄膜(膜厚20nm)を形成した。以上により、実施例5の光透過性積層体を作製した。
実施例5で作製した光透過性積層体を加熱炉内にて40℃で300時間加熱処理することにより、1層目および2層目のチタン薄膜を酸化させてチタン酸化物薄膜とした。以上により、実施例6の光透過性積層体を作製した。
実施例5において、1層目のチタン薄膜を形成する工程を省略し、1層目の有機薄膜上にAg-Cu合金薄膜を成膜した以外は実施例5と同様にして、実施例7の光透過性積層体を作製した。実施例7の光透過性積層体は、ポリオレフィンフィルムからなる光透過性基板の一方面上に、有機薄膜からなる高屈折率薄膜層と、金属薄膜層と、チタンからなるバリア薄膜と、有機薄膜からなる高屈折率薄膜層と、を順にする光透過性積層体(図4)である。
実施例7で作製した光透過性積層体を加熱炉内にて40℃で300時間加熱処理することにより、チタン薄膜を酸化させてチタン酸化物薄膜とした。以上により、実施例8の光透過性積層体を作製した。
有機薄膜用塗工液の調製において、UR-108NPT3に代えてUR-108NT3を用い、有機薄膜に架橋処理を行わなかった以外は実施例3と同様にして、実施例9の光透過性積層体を作製した。
・UR-108NT3:日産化学工業社製(トリアジン環含有重合体、光重合開始剤を含有する組成物)、固形分濃度3質量%、溶媒:シクロヘキサノン
実施例10に係る光透過性積層体として、ポリオレフィンフィルムからなる光透過性基板の一方面上に、有機薄膜からなる高屈折率薄膜層と、金属薄膜層と、を順にする光透過性積層体(図3)を作製した。
すなわち、2層目の有機薄膜の形成を行わなかった以外は実施例3と同様にして実施例10の光透過性積層体を作製した。
1層目および2層目の有機薄膜のいずれも、実施例2と同じ組成の有機薄膜用塗工液を用いて形成した。層構成は、実施例6と同様にした。以上により、光透過性積層体を作製した。
2層目の有機薄膜は、実施例2と同じ組成の有機薄膜用塗工液を用いて形成した。光透過性基板に接する1層目の有機薄膜は、実施例2と同じ組成の有機薄膜用塗工液にシランカップリング剤、アクリル添加剤を表4に記載する組成にて配合したものを用いて形成した。層構成は、実施例6と同様にした。以上により、光透過性積層体を作製した。
・シランカップリング剤(アミン系):信越シリコーン(株)製「KBM-903」
・シランカップリング剤(アクリル系):信越シリコーン(株)製「KBM-5103」
・アクリル添加剤:アイカ工業(株)製「Z-729-35」
有機薄膜用塗工液の調製において、レベリング剤を配合しなかった以外は実施例1と同様にして、比較例1の光透過性積層体を作製した。また、レベリング剤を表1に記載の量で配合した以外は実施例1と同様にして、比較例2の光透過性積層体を作製した。
Ag-Cu合金薄膜層中の副元素(Cu)含有量は、次のようにして求めた。すなわち、各成膜条件において、別途、ガラス基板上にAg-Cu合金薄膜層を形成した試験片を作製し、この試験片を6%HNO3溶液に浸漬し、20分間超音波による溶出を行った後、得られた試料液を用いて、ICP分析法の濃縮法により測定した。Cu含有量は4原子%であった。
各薄膜の膜厚は、上記電界放出型電子顕微鏡(HRTEM)(日本電子(株)製、「JEM2001F」)による試験片の断面観察から測定した。
厚さ3mmの板ガラスと光透過性積層体(以降、フィルム)の機能膜面側を厚さ25μmのアクリル粘着シート(積水化学工業社製「5402」)で貼り付けて試験片1を作製した。試験片1を用い、JIS A5759に準拠し分光光度計(島津製作所(株)製)で波長380nm~780nmの透過スペクトルを測定することにより可視光線透過率を求めた。外観は三波長蛍光灯の光をフィルムに反射させながら、30cm離れた位置から目視にて確認した。可視光線透過率が60%以上かつ外観に色ムラが無い場合を透明性(光透過性)が良好「○」、可視光線透過率が60%未満もしくは、色ムラが有る場合を透明性(光透過性)が不良「×」とした。
JIS K5600-5-6に準拠して測定した。機能膜を形成したOPPフィルムの面に対して垂直になるように刃を当て、2mm間隔で6本の切り込みを入れた後、90度方向を変えて先の切り込みと直交する6本の切り込みを2mm間隔で入れて、25マスを作製した。その後、フィルムの格子にカットした部分にテープを貼り、テープ上をこすった。その後、テープを60度に近い角度で確実に引き剥がした上で、残マス数を目視にて確認した。残マス数が25であった場合を接着性が特に良好「◎」、残マス数が20以上25未満であった場合を接着性が良好「○」、残マス数が20未満であった場合を接着性が不良「×」とした。
JIS-A-5759に規定される180度剥離法により、光透過性基板と高屈折率薄膜層の間の剥離試験を行った。サンプル幅25mm、引張速度300mm/分の条件下で、剥がれが生じなかった場合を特に良好「◎」、剥がれは生じたが量が少なかった場合を良好「○」、剥がれが生じ、その量が多かった場合をやや劣る「△」とした。
試験片1を用い、JIS R3106に準拠し赤外分光分析装置(島津製作所製)で波長5μm~50μmの反射スペクトルを測定することにより垂直放射率を求めてJIS A5759に記載されている係数で補正したガラス面側およびフィルム面側の修正放射率を求め、JIS A5759の計算方法で熱貫流率(W/(m2・K))を求めた。熱貫流率5.0W/(m2・K)以下を断熱性に優れる「○」、熱貫流率5.0W/(m2・K)超を断熱性に劣る「×」とした。
試験片1を用い、JIS A5759に準拠し分光光度計(島津製作所製)で波長300nm~2500nmの透過スペクトルと反射スペクトルを測定することにより日射透過率と日射反射率を求め、JIS R3106に準拠し赤外分光分析装置(島津製作所製)で波長5μm~50μmの反射スペクトルを測定することにより垂直放射率を求めてJIS A5759に記載されている係数で補正したガラス面側およびフィルム面側の修正放射率を求め、JIS A5759の計算方法で遮蔽係数を求めた。遮蔽係数が0.69以下の場合を遮熱性が良好「○」、遮蔽係数が0.69を超える場合を遮熱性が不良「×」とした。
Claims (14)
- 金属薄膜層、前記金属薄膜層よりも屈折率の高い高屈折率薄膜層、光透過性基板、を有し、
前記高屈折率薄膜層が、N,O,Sから選択される少なくとも1種の元素を含む官能基を有する高屈折率ポリマーおよびレベリング剤を含有し、前記レベリング剤の含有量が、前記高屈折率薄膜層のポリマー100質量部に対し0.20~20.32質量部の範囲内であることを特徴とする光透過性積層体。 - 前記金属薄膜層が、銀または銀合金からなることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の光透過性積層体。
- 前記金属薄膜層と前記高屈折率薄膜層の間には、金属または金属酸化物からなるバリア薄膜が配置されていることを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の光透過性積層体。
- 前記高屈折率薄膜層が、さらに架橋ポリマーを含有することを特徴とする請求項1から3のいずれか1項に記載の光透過性積層体。
- 前記レベリング剤が、フッ素系化合物からなることを特徴とする請求項1から4のいずれか1項に記載の光透過性積層体。
- 前記光透過性基板が、ポリオレフィンフィルムからなることを特徴とする請求項1から5のいずれか1項に記載の光透過性積層体。
- 前記バリア薄膜が、チタンまたはチタン酸化物からなることを特徴とする請求項3に記載の光透過性積層体。
- 前記高屈折率ポリマーが、トリアジン環を有する重合体であることを特徴とする請求項1から7のいずれか1項に記載の光透過性積層体。
- 請求項1から8のいずれか1項に記載の光透過性積層体の製造方法であって、
前記高屈折率薄膜層を形成する工程と、前記金属薄膜層を形成する工程と、を有し、
前記高屈折率薄膜層は、前記高屈折率ポリマー、前記レベリング剤および溶媒を含む塗工液を塗工後、前記溶媒を除去して形成することを特徴とする光透過性積層体の製造方法。 - 前記溶媒は、前記高屈折率ポリマーの良溶媒と、沸点120℃以下の低沸点溶媒と、を含むことを特徴とする請求項9に記載の光透過性積層体の製造方法。
- 前記低沸点溶媒は、前記高屈折率ポリマーの貧溶媒であることを特徴とする請求項10に記載の光透過性積層体の製造方法。
- 前記良溶媒と前記低沸点溶媒の混合割合は、質量比で、良溶媒/低沸点溶媒=50/50~80/20であることを特徴とする請求項10または11に記載の光透過性積層体の製造方法。
- 前記塗工液はさらに架橋性化合物を含み、前記高屈折率薄膜層を形成する工程で該架橋性化合物を架橋することを特徴とする請求項9から12のいずれか1項に記載の光透過性積層体の製造方法。
- 前記架橋性化合物は、光架橋により架橋することを特徴とする請求項13に記載の光透過性積層体の製造方法。
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