WO2017150154A1 - Endoscope - Google Patents

Endoscope Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017150154A1
WO2017150154A1 PCT/JP2017/005115 JP2017005115W WO2017150154A1 WO 2017150154 A1 WO2017150154 A1 WO 2017150154A1 JP 2017005115 W JP2017005115 W JP 2017005115W WO 2017150154 A1 WO2017150154 A1 WO 2017150154A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
optical element
light
illumination
incident
insertion portion
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2017/005115
Other languages
English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
高橋　進
Original Assignee
オリンパス株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by オリンパス株式会社 filed Critical オリンパス株式会社
Priority to JP2018503005A priority Critical patent/JP6589044B2/ja
Publication of WO2017150154A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017150154A1/fr

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/06—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor with illuminating arrangements
    • A61B1/07—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor with illuminating arrangements using light-conductive means, e.g. optical fibres
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B23/00—Telescopes, e.g. binoculars; Periscopes; Instruments for viewing the inside of hollow bodies; Viewfinders; Optical aiming or sighting devices
    • G02B23/24—Instruments or systems for viewing the inside of hollow bodies, e.g. fibrescopes
    • G02B23/26—Instruments or systems for viewing the inside of hollow bodies, e.g. fibrescopes using light guides

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an endoscope, and more particularly to an endoscope that suppresses uneven distribution of illumination light in an endoscope that can observe the side of a distal end portion of an insertion portion.
  • Endoscopes have been widely used in the industrial and medical fields.
  • the endoscope has an elongated insertion portion and a distal end portion provided at the distal end of the insertion portion, and an observation window and an illumination window are provided at the distal end portion.
  • Endoscopes include not only direct-viewing endoscopes whose visual field direction is the insertion direction of the insertion portion, but also side endoscopes whose visual field direction is lateral to the insertion direction of the insertion portion.
  • JP-A-10-311954 discloses a side-view endoscope.
  • An observation window for observing the side or substantially the side of the insertion portion and an illumination window for emitting illumination light to the side or substantially the side of the insertion portion are provided at the distal end of the side endoscope. ing.
  • the side endoscope disclosed in the publication has an observation window for observing the side or substantially the side of the insertion part at the distal end of the insertion part, and illumination to the side or the substantially side of the insertion part.
  • An illumination window for emitting light is provided.
  • the tip portion is provided with a reflecting surface that is inclined so that the observation window side provided on the tip side is high, and the illumination light emitted in the insertion direction of the insertion portion is reflected on the reflection surface.
  • the tip is configured.
  • the subject is illuminated by the direct light emitted forward from the illumination window in the insertion direction of the insertion portion and the reflected light reflected by the reflecting surface and emitted laterally. Since the angle formed by the direct light irradiation direction and the reflected light irradiation direction is relatively large, the subject is illuminated by direct light when the subject is close to the observation window. If the subject is far away, the subject is illuminated by the reflected light.
  • the position where the illumination light is irradiated onto the observation region is the position where the direct light is irradiated (position close to the insertion portion) and the position where the reflected light is irradiated (far from the insertion portion). Position). Therefore, in order to observe the subject, it is necessary to adjust the position of the insertion portion so that the subject is aligned with the above position.
  • the present invention provides an endoscope capable of irradiating illumination light to an observation region while suppressing uneven light distribution in the observation region over a wide range from a position near the insertion portion to a position far from the insertion portion.
  • the purpose is to provide.
  • An endoscope is configured to observe a side with respect to the longitudinal direction of an insertion portion.
  • An illumination optical system in which an emission position of illumination light for illuminating the visual field of the visual observation optical system is set to the side of the distal end of the insertion section and closer to the insertion section base end side than the observation window position
  • An endoscope wherein the illumination optical system is emitted from a light source and reflects a part of illumination light traveling along the longitudinal direction, and is emitted from the light source and the longitudinal direction.
  • a second reflecting surface that reflects the other part of the illumination light traveling along the first reflection surface, reflects the part of the illumination light reflected by the first reflection surface again, and emits the light from the emission position.
  • the first reflecting surface and the second reflecting surface are front on the second reflecting surface.
  • the second reflection position of the part of the illumination light reflected by the first reflection surface is set closer to the distal end side of the insertion portion than the first reflection position of the illumination light on the first reflection surface. Is provided.
  • FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing a configuration of an endoscope according to a first embodiment of the present invention. It is a perspective view of the front-end
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view along the central axis O of the tip end portion 11 showing an optical system in the tip end portion 11 according to the first embodiment of the present invention. It is a perspective view of the optical element 33 concerning the 1st Embodiment of this invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a side view of the optical element 33 according to the first embodiment of the present invention, and is a view for explaining illumination light traveling through the optical element 33 and illumination light emitted from the optical blocking 33.
  • FIG. 8 is a plan view of the optical element 33 and the diffusion optical system 51 in FIG. 7. It is the side view seen from the base end side of the optical element 33 and the diffusion optical system 51 of FIG.
  • FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing a configuration of an endoscope according to the present embodiment.
  • the endoscope apparatus 1 includes an elongated insertion portion 2, a main body portion 3 connected to the proximal end portion of the insertion portion 2, and an operation portion 4 connected to the main body portion 3.
  • the insertion portion 2 is an endoscope configured by connecting a distal end portion 11, a bending portion 12, and a flexible tube portion 13 from the distal end side.
  • the distal end portion 11 is provided with an observation window for observing the side of the distal end portion 11 and an illumination window for emitting illumination light to the side of the distal end portion 11.
  • the distal end portion 11 incorporates an image sensor that receives light from a subject through an observation window.
  • the bending portion 12 is connected to the proximal end portion of the distal end portion 11.
  • the distal end of the flexible tube portion 13 is connected to the proximal end portion of the bending portion 12, and the proximal end is connected to the main body portion 3.
  • the main unit 3 includes a central processing unit (CPU), ROM, RAM, an image processing unit, a light source, and a mass storage device.
  • the main body 3 further includes a display device 14, and can display an endoscopic image obtained by imaging with the imaging device of the distal end portion 11 on the display device 14.
  • the operation unit 4 is connected to the main body unit 3 via a cable 15.
  • the operation unit 4 has various operation members such as a joystick and a freeze button.
  • the user of the endoscope apparatus can bend the bending portion 12 of the insertion portion 2 in a desired direction by operating a joystick.
  • the user of the endoscope apparatus can display a still image on the display device 14 by operating the freeze button.
  • an image of the inspection portion is displayed on the display device 14 as an endoscopic image.
  • a still image or a moving image of an endoscopic image can be recorded in a built-in storage device.
  • the insertion part 2 and the main-body part 3 are united, the insertion part 2 and the main-body part 3 may be comprised by the connector etc. so that attachment or detachment is possible.
  • such a separable endoscope apparatus has a configuration in which the endoscope has the operation unit 4 and the insertion unit 2 and the endoscope can be attached to and detached from the main body unit having the display device. Good.
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the distal end portion 11 of the insertion portion 2 of the endoscope according to the present embodiment.
  • the distal end portion 11 has a substantially cylindrical shape, and includes a flat surface portion 11 a having a distal end side surface cut along the central axis O of the distal end portion 11 and an inclined surface portion 11 b having a predetermined angle with respect to the central axis O.
  • the flat surface portion 11 a is provided on the distal end side of the distal end portion 11, and the inclined surface portion 11 b is provided on the proximal end side of the distal end portion 11.
  • the observation window 21 is provided in the plane part 11a, and the illumination window 22 is provided in the inclined surface part 11b. Therefore, the observation window 21 faces the side of the tip part 11, and the illumination window 22 faces a slightly diagonally forward direction of the tip part 11.
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the central axis O of the tip 11, showing the optical system in the tip 11.
  • the central axis O of the distal end portion 11 coincides with the longitudinal axis of the insertion portion 2.
  • the distal end portion 11 includes an objective optical system 31, a light guide 32, and an optical element 33.
  • the distal end portion 11 has a distal end rigid member 11c for arranging and fixing various members.
  • the tip rigid member 11c is shown in a simplified manner.
  • the objective optical system 31 and the light guide 32 are fixedly disposed in the distal end rigid member 11c.
  • the optical element 33 is fixed to the side surface of the distal end rigid member 11c.
  • a cover glass 34 is provided in the observation window 21.
  • the prism 35 is disposed on the back side of the cover glass 34.
  • the light incident through the cover glass 34 is reflected by the prism 35 and emitted toward the proximal end side of the distal end portion 11 along the central axis O of the distal end portion 11.
  • the light emitted from the prism 35 enters the imaging unit 37 through the plurality of lenses 36.
  • the cover glass 34, the prism 35, and the plurality of lenses 36 constitute the objective optical system 31.
  • the objective optical system 31 is a side-viewing optical system having the observation window 21 disposed on the side of the distal end of the insertion portion 2 in order to observe the side with respect to the longitudinal direction of the insertion portion 2.
  • the imaging unit 37 includes a cover glass 38 and an imaging element 39 such as a CCD. Light emitted from the plurality of lenses 36 and passing through the cover glass 38 is condensed on the imaging surface of the imaging element 39.
  • the imaging device 39 photoelectrically converts an optical image formed on the imaging surface and outputs an imaging signal of an endoscopic image.
  • the light guide 32 is a bundle of a plurality of optical fibers.
  • the light guide 32 transmits light from the light source in the main body 3.
  • the light guide 32 is disposed in parallel to the central axis O of the distal end portion 11.
  • the tip portion of the light guide 32 has a partial cylindrical shape.
  • the cross section of the tip surface of the light guide 32 has a partial circular shape.
  • the front end surface of the light guide 32 has a shape extending in the direction perpendicular to the central axis O of the front end portion 11 and in the substantially circumferential direction of the outer peripheral portion of the front end portion 11.
  • the front end surface of the light guide 32 is disposed to face the incident surface 33 a of the optical element 33.
  • the illumination window 22 is provided closer to the proximal end side of the distal end portion 11 than the observation window 21, and the observation window 21 is positioned closer to the central axis O of the distal end portion 11 than the illumination window 22. is doing.
  • a convex portion 11d is formed on the distal end rigid member 11c so that the illumination light from the illumination window 22 does not directly enter the observation window 21.
  • the projection 11d prevents the illumination light from the illumination window 22 from directly entering the observation window 21, thereby preventing the flare from occurring in the endoscopic image.
  • the observation window 21 is provided below the virtual plane VP including the emission surface 33b of the illumination window 22, and the illumination light from the illumination window 22 is directly incident on the observation window 21. You may make it not. That is, the emission surface 33b is located at the tip of the insertion portion 2 such that the observation window 21 is located on the central axis side of the insertion portion 2 with respect to a virtual plane VP that includes the emission surface 33b and is expanded from the emission surface 33b. It may be provided so that it may incline so that it may approach the center of the insertion part 2 as it goes to.
  • FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the optical element 33.
  • the optical element 33 is a prism member made of a transparent member such as resin or glass, and is formed of a material having a refractive index n of 1.45 or more and 2.1 or less. Since water droplets may adhere to the exit surface 33b from which the illumination light exits, it is desirable that the refractive index of the optical element 33 be higher than the refractive index of water.
  • the optical element 33 is a polyhedron having an incident surface 33a, an exit surface 33b, a bottom surface 33c, an inclined surface 33d, and two side surfaces 33e.
  • the incident surface 33a is a base end surface of the optical element 33, and the illumination light emitted from the light source of the main body 3 is incident thereon.
  • the exit surface 33b is an upper surface of the optical element 33 that forms an angle smaller than a right angle with respect to the entrance surface 33a.
  • the exit surface 33 b of the optical element 33 constitutes the illumination window 22.
  • the emission surface 33b is a surface on which a reflection surface that reflects a part of the illumination light incident from the incident surface 33a is formed.
  • the bottom surface 33c is a surface that is perpendicular to the incident surface 33a.
  • the inclined surface 33d is a surface that is cut at a predetermined angle ⁇ 1 with respect to the axis c orthogonal to the incident surface 33a on the tip side of the optical element 33.
  • the inclined surface 33d is a mirror surface on which a metal material such as aluminum is deposited. That is, the inclined surface 33d is a surface on which a reflective surface is formed.
  • Each side surface 33e is a surface parallel to the axis c.
  • not only the incident surface 33a and the exit surface 33b of the optical element 33 that is, not only the inclined surface 33d but also the bottom surface 33c and the two side surfaces 33e are made of aluminum or the like. It is a mirror surface on which a metal material is deposited.
  • the light emitted from the front end surface of the light guide 32 enters the optical element 33 through the incident surface 33a. Part of the light incident from the incident surface 33a is irradiated toward the exit surface 33b, and the other part of the light incident from the incident surface 33a is irradiated toward the inclined surface 33d.
  • the exit surface 33b is formed at an angle ⁇ 2 with respect to the axis c such that light from the entrance surface 33a is totally reflected by the exit surface 33b. Further, the angle ⁇ 2 is such that the light totally reflected by the emission surface 33b is directed to the inclined surface 33d, and as a result, the light reflected by the inclined surface 33d is emitted from the emission surface 33b toward substantially the side of the tip portion 11. It is an angle. Further, the inclined surface 33d reflects the light directly incident from the incident surface 33a with respect to the incident surface 33a by the inclined surface 33d, and as a result, the light reflected by the inclined surface 33d passes from the output surface 33b to the tip 11. It is formed at an angle that emits light substantially toward the side.
  • the emission position of the illumination light that illuminates the field of view of the objective optical system that is the side-viewing observation optical system is on the side of the distal end of the insertion portion 2 and the position of the observation window 21.
  • the illumination optical system set to the base end side of the insertion part 2 is comprised rather than.
  • the emission surface 33b is a reflection surface that reflects a part of illumination light emitted from the light source and travels along the longitudinal direction of the insertion portion 2, and the inclined surface 33d is emitted from the light source of the main body portion 3, Reflection that reflects the other part of the illumination light traveling along the longitudinal direction of the insertion portion 2 and reflects a part of the illumination light reflected by the emission surface 33b again to emit from the emission position of the illumination light Surface.
  • FIG. 5 is a side view of the optical element 33 for explaining the illumination light traveling in the optical element 33 and the illumination light emitted from the optical blocking 33.
  • the orientation of the optical element 33 is the same as the orientation of the optical element 33 shown in FIG. 3, with the right side in the drawing being the insertion portion base end side and the left side in the drawing being the insertion portion front.
  • the light L1 is straight light emitted from the light emitting point above the tip surface of the light guide 32.
  • the light L1 constitutes a part of the light emitted from the tip surface of the light guide 32.
  • a part L1 of this light is totally reflected by the emission surface 33b, and the reflected light is emitted toward the inclined surface 33d.
  • the light from the emission surface 33b is reflected by the inclined surface 33d, and the light L1 reflected by the inclined surface 33d is emitted from the emission surface 33b to the side of the insertion portion and slightly toward the insertion portion proximal end side. .
  • the exit surface 33b and the inclined surface 33d are both reflecting surfaces.
  • the emission surface 33b and the inclined surface 33d are set such that the reflection position P2 of the illumination light on the inclined surface 33d is set closer to the distal end side of the insertion portion 2 than the reflection position P1 of the illumination light on the emission surface 33b. Is provided.
  • the light L2 is straight light emitted from a light emitting point below the front end surface of the light guide 32.
  • the light L2 constitutes part of the light emitted from the tip surface of the light guide 32.
  • the other part L2 of this light is emitted toward the inclined surface 33d, and the light reflected by the inclined surface 33d is on the side of the insertion portion from the emission surface 33b and slightly toward the front of the insertion portion.
  • the emission surface 33b is a first reflection surface
  • the inclined surface 33d is a second reflection surface.
  • a part L1 of the illumination light from the light guide 32 is reflected twice by the first reflecting surface and the second reflecting surface and then emitted from the emitting surface 33b. Further, the other part L2 of the illumination light from the light guide 32 is reflected once by the second reflecting surface and then emitted from the emitting surface 33b.
  • the light L1 illuminates the proximal end side of the insertion portion with respect to the observation region
  • the light L2 illuminates the front of the insertion portion with respect to the observation region. For this reason, it becomes possible to irradiate illumination light with respect to the whole observation region.
  • the light L3 is diverging light emitted from above the tip surface of the light guide 32.
  • the light L3 constitutes part of the light emitted from the tip surface of the light guide 32.
  • a part L3 of this light is reflected from the exit surface 33b and the inclined surface 33d twice and then exits from the exit surface 33b in the same manner as the light L1.
  • the emission direction is on the side of the insertion portion and slightly toward the proximal end, but is between the emission direction of the light L1 and the emission direction of the light L2. That is, the emission direction of the light L3 is close to the vertical direction with respect to the longitudinal direction of the insertion portion, and the angle formed with the direction of the center of the observation region is small. For this reason, it is possible to irradiate the observation area with illumination light over a wide range from the near position to the far position as well as the position where the observation area is near and far from the insertion portion.
  • the light L1 reflected twice in the optical element 33 and the light L2 reflected once are emitted toward the subject, so that the front end portion in the lateral observation region It is possible to provide a side endoscope capable of suppressing illumination unevenness and irradiating an observation area with illumination light over a wide range from a position near to a position far from the position.
  • the optical element 33 has a refractive index higher than that of air and totally reflects light from the incident surface 33a on the output surface 33b.
  • the refractive index of the optical element 33 is low. If it is not high, total reflection at the exit surface 33b may not be reliably obtained depending on the incident angle. For example, if a liquid having a relatively high refractive index adheres to the exit surface 33b, total reflection at the exit surface 33b may not be obtained.
  • FIG. 6 is a side view showing the configuration of the optical element of the distal end portion 11 according to the first modification.
  • the glass plate 41 is bonded to the emission surface 33b of the optical element 33 via a transparent adhesive layer (hereinafter referred to as an adhesive layer) 42.
  • an adhesive layer a transparent adhesive layer
  • the refractive index n of the optical element 33 is 1.7
  • the refractive index n1 of the adhesive layer 42 is 1.5
  • the refractive index n2 of the glass plate 41 is 1.45.
  • a glass plate 41 which is an optical plate member bonded via an adhesive is provided on the emission surface 33 b of the optical element 33, and the refractive index of the adhesive layer 42 by the adhesive is higher than the refractive index of the optical element 33. Is also low.
  • the adhesive layer 42 having a low refractive index is provided in close contact with the optical element 33, the light from the incident surface 33a is totally reflected on the exit surface 33b of the optical element 33 and is reflected on the inclined surface 33d. Head over.
  • Modification 2 In the above-described embodiment, the light emitted from the light guide 32 enters the incident surface 33a of the optical element 33 and is emitted from the output surface 33b. However, in the second modification, light is emitted from the output surface 33b. It is scattered so that more uniform illumination light can be irradiated to the subject.
  • the second modification will be described with reference to FIG.
  • a glass plate 41 ⁇ / b> A is attached to the emission surface 33 b with an adhesive.
  • the surface 41a that is in contact with the adhesive layer 42 of the glass plate 41A is a scattering surface that has been subjected to graining. That is, the glass plate 41A, which is an optical plate member, has a light diffusion function on the surface on the adhesive side.
  • the light emitted from the light guide 32 is emitted from the emission surface 33b as light reflected once in the optical element 33 and light reflected twice. Since the light is scattered by the surface 41a which is the scattering surface of the glass plate 41A provided on the exit surface 33b, the exit angle is increased, and the subject is irradiated as uniform illumination light, thereby suppressing uneven light distribution. Is done.
  • the light emitted from the optical element 33 is scattered on the surface 41a of the glass plate 41A.
  • the illumination light is The effect that light distribution unevenness is further suppressed can be obtained.
  • the light emitted from the optical element 33 is scattered by the scattering surface of the glass plate 41A.
  • the light before entering the optical element 33 is scattered.
  • the illumination light to the subject is more uniformly irradiated.
  • the configuration of the endoscope apparatus according to the present embodiment is the same as that of the endoscope apparatus according to the first embodiment, the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.
  • the distal end portion 11 of the present embodiment has the same observation window 21 and illumination window 22 as in the first embodiment, and the objective optical system 31 and the optical element 33 are also the first implementation in the distal end portion 11. It is arrange
  • FIG. 7 is a side view of the diffusion optical system 51 disposed between the light guide 32 and the optical element 33.
  • FIG. 8 is a perspective view of the optical element 33 and the diffusion optical system 51 of FIG.
  • FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing the configuration of the microprism array of the optical element 33 and the diffusion optical system 51 of FIG.
  • FIG. 10 is a plan view of the optical element 33 and the diffusion optical system 51 of FIG.
  • FIG. 11 is a side view of the optical element 33 and the diffusing optical system 51 shown in FIG.
  • the diffusion optical system 51 has a diffusion plate 52 having a microprism array.
  • the diffusion plate 52 is made of resin, and is a plate-like member in which a plurality of concave portions are formed in a matrix on one surface 52a. As shown in FIG. 9, the recess has an inverted quadrangular frustum shape.
  • the back surface of the surface 52a of the diffusion plate 52 on which a plurality of recesses are formed is a flat surface portion.
  • a rod lens 53 is disposed at the tip of the light guide 32.
  • the cross section of the front end surface 32a of the light guide 32 has a partial circular shape.
  • the rod lens 53 also has a partial cylindrical shape, and the cross section thereof has the same shape as the tip surface 32 a of the light guide 32.
  • the distal end surface 32 a of the light guide 32 is disposed so as to face the proximal end surface 53 a of the rod lens 53.
  • the diffusing plate 52 is a diffusing optical element and is disposed with respect to the rod lens 53 so that the front end surface 53 b of the rod lens 53 faces the surface 52 a of the diffusing plate 52.
  • the diffusion plate 52 is bonded to the incident surface 33a1 of the optical element 33 with an adhesive. Therefore, the flat portion of the diffusion plate 52 is fixed to the incident surface 33a of the optical element 33 through the adhesive layer 54 of the adhesive. As shown in FIG. 9, the diffusion plate 52 also has a partial cylindrical shape, and the cross section thereof has the same shape as the tip surface 32 a of the light guide 32.
  • the illumination optical system includes the diffusion plate 52 that is disposed in front of the incident surface 33a of the optical element 33 and diffuses the illumination light incident on the incident surface 33a.
  • the diffusion plate 52 that is a diffusion optical element is a plate-like member having a diffusion surface.
  • the diffusing plate 52 has a flat surface on the surface opposite to the diffusing surface having the microprism array, and the diffusing plate 52 is arranged so that the flat surface faces the incident surface 33a.
  • the refractive index of the optical element 33 and the refractive index of the diffusion plate 52 are 1.88, and the refractive index of the adhesive layer 54 is smaller than the refractive index of the optical element 33 and the refractive index of the diffusion plate 52. 5.
  • the light emitted from the distal end surface of the light guide 32 enters the proximal end surface 53a of the rod lens 53 having no lens action.
  • the light that has passed through the rod lens 53 is emitted from the tip surface 53 b and is incident on the surface 52 a of the diffusion plate 52. Light incident on the diffusion plate 52 is diffused by the action of the microprism array.
  • the emission angle of the light emitted from the surface 52 b from the diffusion plate 52 is enlarged and larger than the emission angle of the light emitted from the tip surface 53 b of the rod lens 53.
  • the light emitted from the surface 52 b from the diffusion plate 52 passes through the adhesive layer 54 of the adhesive and enters the incident surface of the optical element 33.
  • the emission angle of the illumination light emitted from the emission surface 33b of the optical element 33 is widened, so that illumination unevenness is further suppressed.
  • the illumination light since the light incident on the optical element 33 is scattered by the diffusion optical system 51, in addition to the effects of the first embodiment, the illumination light has uneven light distribution. Can be more effectively suppressed.
  • Modification 3 In the second embodiment described above, the illumination light is diffused by the diffusing optical system 51. However, in the third modification, the light is further scattered on the incident surface of the optical element 33, so that a more uniform illumination light can be obtained. Can be irradiated.
  • the optical element 33A of this modification has the same shape as the optical element 33, but the incident surface 33a1 is subjected to a graining process. Since the incident surface 33a1 of the optical element 33A is a grained surface, the light is further diffused and enters the optical element 33A.
  • the emission angle of the illumination light emitted from the emission surface 33b of the optical element 33A is widened, so that illumination unevenness is further suppressed.
  • the light incident on the optical element 33A is scattered by the diffusing optical system 51 and the incident surface 33a1, so that the illumination light is added to the effect of the first embodiment. The effect that light distribution unevenness is further suppressed can be obtained.
  • the graining process may be performed on the inclined surface 33d instead of the incident surface 33a1.
  • the light emitted from the optical element 33 is scattered.
  • the light was scattered to illuminate the subject more evenly.
  • the configuration of the endoscope apparatus according to the present embodiment is the same as that of the endoscope apparatuses according to the first embodiment and the second embodiment, the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals. The description is omitted.
  • the distal end portion 11 of the present embodiment has the same observation window 21 and illumination window 22 as in the first embodiment, and the objective optical system 31 and the optical element 33 are also the first implementation in the distal end portion 11. It is arrange
  • FIG. 12 is a side view of the diffusing optical system 51 ⁇ / b> A disposed between the light guide 32 and the optical element 33.
  • FIG. 13 is a perspective view of the optical element 33 and the diffusion optical system 51A in FIG.
  • FIG. 14 is a perspective view showing the configuration of the microprism array of the optical element 33 and the diffusing optical system 51A of FIG.
  • FIG. 15 is a plan view of the optical element 33 and the diffusion optical system 51A of FIG.
  • the diffusion optical system 51A includes a diffusion plate 52 that is a microprism array.
  • the diffusing plate 52 is disposed so that the direction of the diffusing plate 52 of the second embodiment is changed and the surface 52a having a plurality of concave portions is directed to the tip side. Further, the flat portion of the diffusion plate 52 is disposed so as to face the front end surface 53 b of the rod lens 53. Therefore, the adhesive layer 54 of the second embodiment is not provided. Other configurations are the same as those of the second embodiment. That is, the diffusing plate 52 is arranged so that the diffusing surface of the diffusing plate 52 faces the incident surface 33 a of the optical element 33.
  • the light emitted from the distal end surface of the light guide 32 enters the proximal end surface 53a of the rod lens 53 having no lens action.
  • the light that has passed through the rod lens 53 is emitted from the tip surface 53 b and is incident on the flat portion of the diffusion plate 52.
  • the light exits from the surface 52a of the diffusion plate 52 the light is diffused by the action of the microprism array.
  • the emission angle of the light emitted from the surface 52 a of the diffusion plate 52 is enlarged and larger than the emission angle of the light emitted from the tip surface 53 b of the rod lens 53.
  • the emission angle of the illumination light emitted from the emission surface 33b of the optical element 33 is widened, so that illumination unevenness is further suppressed.
  • the light incident on the optical element 33 is scattered by the diffusing optical system 51A. Therefore, in addition to the effects of the first embodiment, the illumination light has uneven light distribution. Can be more effectively suppressed.
  • Modification 4 In the third modification of the second embodiment, the emitted light from the light guide 32 is scattered on the incident surface 33a of the optical element 33 so that more uniform illumination light can be irradiated onto the subject.
  • the inclined surface 33d1 of the optical element 33B is further subjected to a graining process to obtain further light scattering. Yes.
  • the inclined surface 33 d 1 emits light by performing a graining process on the inclined surface 33 d 1 and then performing an aluminum vapor deposition process. It is a reflective surface that scatters and reflects.
  • the light emitted from the light guide 32 is reflected so as to be scattered on the inclined surface 33d1 in the optical element 33 and is emitted from the emission surface 33b. Therefore, uneven light distribution is suppressed.
  • the fourth modification since the light incident on the optical element 33B is scattered by the diffusion optical system 51 and the inclined surface 33d1, in addition to the effect of the third embodiment, the illumination light is distributed. An effect that unevenness is further suppressed can be obtained.
  • the graining process may be performed not on the inclined surface 33d1 but on the incident surface 33a.
  • an endoscope capable of observing the side of the distal end portion of the insertion portion, the subject is in a wide range from the position close to the insertion portion to the far position.
  • an endoscope capable of suppressing light distribution unevenness in the observation region and irradiating the observation region with illumination light.
  • the observation window and the emission position of the illumination light can be brought closer to each other, so that the optical axis of the observation system and the optical axis of the illumination system can be made closer to each other in parallel. As a result, uneven illumination can be suppressed.
  • the reflecting surface is inclined and exposed so that the observation window side is higher. For this reason, there is a problem that dust easily collects at the reflecting surface.
  • the endoscopes according to the above-described embodiments and modifications do not have such a problem.
  • the side-view observation window 21, the illumination window 22, and the optical element 33 are provided at the distal end portion 11 of the insertion portion 2, but the side-view observation is performed.
  • the window 21, the illumination window 22, and the optical element 33 may be provided in a tip adapter that can be attached to and detached from the tip portion 11 of the insertion portion 2.
  • the insertion portion 2 of the endoscope apparatus 1 of each of the above-described embodiments and modifications has flexibility, the endoscope is a rigid endoscope in which the insertion portion does not have flexibility. May be.
  • the side of the tip is perpendicular to the axis c of the tip, but the side of the tip is the axis of the tip. It may be not only a direction perpendicular to c but also an angle close to a right angle, and includes substantially the side.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Radiology & Medical Imaging (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Astronomy & Astrophysics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Biophysics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Endoscopes (AREA)
  • Instruments For Viewing The Inside Of Hollow Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

Selon la présente invention, une section d'introduction (2) comprend : un système optique d'objectif (31) qui est un système optique d'observation à vision latérale; et un élément optique (33) qui est placé davantage vers le côté extrémité de base de section d'introduction que la position d'une fenêtre d'observation (21). L'élément optique (33) comporte : une surface de sortie (33b) réfléchissant totalement une partie de la lumière d'éclairage qui a été émise à partir d'une source lumineuse et qui s'est propagée dans la direction longitudinale de la section d'introduction (2); et une surface inclinée (33d) réfléchissant une autre partie de la lumière d'éclairage, réfléchissant à nouveau la partie de la lumière d'éclairage réfléchie par la surface de sortie (33b), et émettant la lumière à partir de positions de sortie, ladite lumière d'éclairage ayant été émise à partir de la source lumineuse et s'étant propagée dans la direction longitudinale de ladite section d'introduction (2). Une position de réflexion (P2) de la partie de la lumière d'éclairage réfléchie par la surface de sortie (33b), ladite position de réflexion (P2) se trouvant sur la surface inclinée (33d), est placée davantage vers le côté extrémité avant de cette section d'introduction (2) qu'une position de réflexion (P1) de la lumière d'éclairage, ladite position de réflexion (P1) se situant sur la surface de sortie (33b).
PCT/JP2017/005115 2016-03-03 2017-02-13 Endoscope WO2017150154A1 (fr)

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JP2018503005A JP6589044B2 (ja) 2016-03-03 2017-02-13 内視鏡

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JP2016041500 2016-03-03
JP2016-041500 2016-03-03

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Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS4928390B1 (fr) * 1969-03-15 1974-07-25
JPS538088U (fr) * 1976-07-05 1978-01-24
JPH03269407A (ja) * 1990-03-19 1991-12-02 Olympus Optical Co Ltd 側視型内視鏡
JPH0695027A (ja) * 1992-09-11 1994-04-08 Nikon Corp 均一照明用光学系
JPH10311954A (ja) * 1997-05-13 1998-11-24 Olympus Optical Co Ltd 内視鏡先端部光学系
JP2000193894A (ja) * 1998-12-25 2000-07-14 Olympus Optical Co Ltd 内視鏡用照明光学系
WO2011058912A1 (fr) * 2009-11-16 2011-05-19 オリンパスメディカルシステムズ株式会社 Système optique d'éclairage

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS4928390B1 (fr) * 1969-03-15 1974-07-25
JPS538088U (fr) * 1976-07-05 1978-01-24
JPH03269407A (ja) * 1990-03-19 1991-12-02 Olympus Optical Co Ltd 側視型内視鏡
JPH0695027A (ja) * 1992-09-11 1994-04-08 Nikon Corp 均一照明用光学系
JPH10311954A (ja) * 1997-05-13 1998-11-24 Olympus Optical Co Ltd 内視鏡先端部光学系
JP2000193894A (ja) * 1998-12-25 2000-07-14 Olympus Optical Co Ltd 内視鏡用照明光学系
WO2011058912A1 (fr) * 2009-11-16 2011-05-19 オリンパスメディカルシステムズ株式会社 Système optique d'éclairage

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JPWO2017150154A1 (ja) 2018-09-13

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