WO2017148077A1 - 扬声器振膜及其制造方法、动圈式扬声器 - Google Patents

扬声器振膜及其制造方法、动圈式扬声器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017148077A1
WO2017148077A1 PCT/CN2016/090204 CN2016090204W WO2017148077A1 WO 2017148077 A1 WO2017148077 A1 WO 2017148077A1 CN 2016090204 W CN2016090204 W CN 2016090204W WO 2017148077 A1 WO2017148077 A1 WO 2017148077A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
film
diaphragm
graphene
speaker
graphene film
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PCT/CN2016/090204
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
郭晓冬
王文海
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歌尔股份有限公司
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Priority claimed from CN201610124618.8A external-priority patent/CN105792077A/zh
Priority claimed from CN201610125578.9A external-priority patent/CN105792078A/zh
Priority claimed from CN201610124968.4A external-priority patent/CN105681985A/zh
Application filed by 歌尔股份有限公司 filed Critical 歌尔股份有限公司
Priority to US16/080,878 priority Critical patent/US11368791B2/en
Publication of WO2017148077A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017148077A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R7/00—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones
    • H04R7/02—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones characterised by the construction
    • H04R7/04—Plane diaphragms
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R7/00—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones
    • H04R7/02—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones characterised by the construction
    • H04R7/04—Plane diaphragms
    • H04R7/06—Plane diaphragms comprising a plurality of sections or layers
    • H04R7/10—Plane diaphragms comprising a plurality of sections or layers comprising superposed layers in contact
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/02—Details
    • H04R9/025—Magnetic circuit
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/06—Loudspeakers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2307/00—Details of diaphragms or cones for electromechanical transducers, their suspension or their manufacture covered by H04R7/00 or H04R31/003, not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • H04R2307/023—Diaphragms comprising ceramic-like materials, e.g. pure ceramic, glass, boride, nitride, carbide, mica and carbon materials
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2307/00—Details of diaphragms or cones for electromechanical transducers, their suspension or their manufacture covered by H04R7/00 or H04R31/003, not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • H04R2307/025—Diaphragms comprising polymeric materials

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to speaker technology, and more particularly to a speaker diaphragm, a method of manufacturing a speaker diaphragm, and a moving coil speaker.
  • the smart power amplifier adds feedback from the speaker output signal, and the smart power amplifier intelligently adjusts the power according to the input audio signal and the feedback signal.
  • the conductive layer design has the following two forms: 1) using various types of metal foil and flexible circuit board (FPC) as the conductive layer, the conductive layer design has good conductivity, but the weight and thickness of the conductive layer material are large, The influence of the performance and volume of the speaker product is relatively large; 2) the metal plating film is used as the conductive layer.
  • the conductive layer design has the advantages of good electrical conductivity, light weight and thin thickness, but the metal coating layer has poor bending resistance and is easy to break. Therefore, it is necessary to propose a new conductive layer design.
  • a speaker diaphragm comprising a diaphragm body and a graphene film used as a conductive layer on a side surface of the diaphragm body.
  • the graphene film has a thickness of 2 ⁇ m.
  • the diaphragm body comprises a PEEK film or a PI film.
  • the diaphragm body is a composite film comprising a PEEK film and a TPU film which are combined together, and the graphene film is composited on the outer surface of the PEEK film.
  • the diaphragm body is a film of a thermoplastic elastomer material.
  • thermoplastic elastomer material film is a thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer film or a thermoplastic polyolefin elastomer film.
  • thermoplastic elastomer material film comprises a flat portion at a central position and a folded portion at an edge of the flat portion, and the graphene film is only composited to a flat portion of the thermoplastic elastomer material film.
  • the diaphragm body is a silica gel diaphragm body.
  • the silica gel diaphragm body includes a flat portion at a central position and a folded portion at an edge of the flat portion, and the graphene film is only composited to a flat portion of the silica gel diaphragm body.
  • a moving coil speaker comprising a magnetic circuit system and a vibration system located above the magnetic circuit system, the vibration system comprising a voice coil and according to claim 1
  • the moving coil speaker further includes a housing that houses the magnetic circuit system and the vibration system, and a graphene plate fixed to the inner side of the housing; the graphene plate is located in the vibration system
  • the graphene film above and parallel to the speaker diaphragm, the graphene plate fixed to the inside of the casing and the graphene film of the speaker diaphragm constitute a graphene capacitor.
  • a method of manufacturing a speaker diaphragm comprising the steps of:
  • Graphene is deposited on the side surface of the diaphragm body to form a graphene film, thereby forming the speaker diaphragm.
  • a method of manufacturing a speaker diaphragm comprising the steps of:
  • thermoplastic elastomer material film
  • the composite film is subjected to a molding process to form the speaker diaphragm.
  • a method of manufacturing a loudspeaker diaphragm comprising the steps of:
  • the formed graphene film is peeled off from the formed composite film
  • a silica gel diaphragm body which is compounded with the formed graphene film is formed on one side of the formed graphene film.
  • the forming a silica gel diaphragm body combined with the formed graphene film on one side of the formed graphene film comprises the following steps:
  • the formed graphene film is placed in a silicone molding tool, and liquid silica gel is added to one side of the formed graphene film by gluing or injection;
  • the liquid silicone gel is subjected to a vulcanization molding process to form the silica gel diaphragm body.
  • the substrate is a metal foil.
  • the substrate is a copper foil.
  • the method further comprises the step of reducing the surface active treatment on the surface of the substrate.
  • the inventors of the present invention have found that in the prior art, there is no technical solution for combining a graphene film on one side surface of the diaphragm body as a conductive layer, and therefore the technical task or technical problem to be solved by the present invention is
  • the present invention is a new technical solution that has never been or is not expected by those skilled in the art.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a speaker diaphragm provided by a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIGS. 2-4 are schematic diagrams showing a manufacturing process of a speaker diaphragm provided by a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a speaker diaphragm provided by a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • 6-8 are schematic diagrams showing the manufacturing process of the speaker diaphragm provided by the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of a speaker diaphragm provided by a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIGS. 10-14 are schematic views showing a manufacturing process of a speaker diaphragm provided by a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 there is shown a first embodiment of a loudspeaker diaphragm of the present invention:
  • the speaker diaphragm includes a thermoplastic elastomer material (TPE) film 11 and a graphene film 12 laminated on one surface of the thermoplastic elastomer material film 11, which is used as a conductive layer.
  • the thermoplastic elastomer material film 11 can be, for example, a thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer (TPU) film or a thermoplastic polyolefin elastomer (Thermoplastic Elastomer-Olefine, TPE-O) film.
  • the graphene film 12 can not be too thin, otherwise it will affect its electrical conductivity, and too thin will increase the preparation difficulty, but the graphene film 12 can not be too thick, too thick will occupy the vibration space of the speaker diaphragm, thus affecting the speaker
  • the thermoplastic elastomer material film 11 comprises a centrally located position. a flat portion 1101, a folded portion 1102 at the edge of the flat portion 1101, and a fixing portion 1103 at the outermost periphery for bonding and fixing to the speaker housing, and the graphene film 12 is composited in the entire region of the thermoplastic elastomer film 11. That is, the graphene film 12 is simultaneously bonded to the flat portion 1101, the folded ring portion 1102, and the fixed portion 1103 of the thermoplastic elastomer material film 11.
  • the graphene film 12 may be laminated only to the planar portion 1101 of the thermoplastic elastomer material film 11.
  • a manufacturing process of a speaker diaphragm according to a first embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:
  • thermoplastic elastomer material film 11 is subjected to a surface activation treatment such as a plasma surface activation treatment.
  • thermoplastic elastomer material film 11 Referring to Fig. 3, graphene is deposited on the surface of the activated thermoplastic elastomer material film 11, and a composite film including the thermoplastic elastomer material film 11 and the graphene film 12 is formed. Since the thermoplastic elastomer material film 11 is subjected to surface activation treatment, the graphene film 12 can be better adhered to the surface of the thermoplastic elastomer material film 11.
  • the composite film is subjected to a molding process to form a speaker diaphragm.
  • Both the thermoplastic elastomer material film 11 and the graphene film 12 have elasticity, and thus can be easily processed to form a speaker diaphragm.
  • the molding treatment is preferably a hot press forming treatment, and at a high temperature, the surface of the thermoplastic elastomer material film 11 is melted and sticky, so that the bond between the thermoplastic elastomer material film 11 and the graphene film 12 is more tight, and two occurrences are avoided. Separation of the situation.
  • the speaker diaphragm includes a diaphragm body 21 and a graphene film 22 compounded on one side surface of the diaphragm body 21, and the graphene film 22 serves as a conductive layer.
  • the diaphragm body 21 includes a PEEK film or a PI film.
  • the diaphragm body 21 may be a PEEK (polyetheretherketone) single layer film, a PI (Polyimide, polyimide) single layer film, a PEEK double layer film, a PI double layer film, or a composite film.
  • a double layer of PPEK film may be provided with a glue layer, and the double-layer PEEK film is connected by a glue layer.
  • the diaphragm body 21 may be a composite film, such as a PEEK film and a TPU that are compounded together.
  • a composite film such as a PEEK film and a TPU that are compounded together.
  • the surface of the PEEK film and the TPU film may be provided with a glue layer, and the PEEK film and the TPU film are connected by a glue layer; the PEEK film and the TPU film may not be provided with a glue layer, and the TPU film softens itself at a high temperature.
  • the surface viscosity is remarkably enhanced. At this time, it can be adhered to the PEEK film. After the temperature is lowered, the viscosity of the TPU film is lowered, and the bonding surface of the TPU film and the PEEK film will remain adhered.
  • the thickness of the graphene film 22 is preferably 2 ⁇ m.
  • the diaphragm body 1 includes a flat portion 2101 at a central position, a folded portion 2102 at the edge of the flat portion 2101, and a fixing portion 2103 at the outermost periphery for bonding and fixing to the speaker housing.
  • the graphene film 22 is composited in the entire region of the diaphragm body 21, that is, the graphene film 22 is simultaneously bonded to the flat portion 2101, the folded ring portion 2102, and the fixed portion 2103 of the diaphragm body 21.
  • the graphene film 22 may be composited only to the planar portion 2101 of the diaphragm body 21.
  • 6-8 is a manufacturing process of a speaker diaphragm according to a second embodiment of the present invention, including the following steps:
  • a diaphragm body material film 200 is provided.
  • the diaphragm body material film 200 is subjected to a molding process to form a diaphragm body 21, which may be a hot press forming process.
  • graphene is deposited on one side surface of the diaphragm body 21 to form a graphene film 22, thereby forming the speaker diaphragm.
  • the side surface of the diaphragm body 21 may be subjected to a surface activation treatment such as a plasma surface activation treatment, and the graphene film 22 can be better attached to the vibration due to the surface activation treatment of the side surface of the diaphragm body 21.
  • the deposited graphene may be a chemical vapor deposition.
  • a graphene film is deposited on one side surface of the diaphragm body material film 200, and then the graphene film and the diaphragm body material film 200 are integrally formed by hot press forming to form a diaphragm, it may be The degree of bonding between the graphene film and the diaphragm body material film 200 is not matched, and the degree of bonding between the two is lowered.
  • the diaphragm body material film 200 is subjected to a molding process to form the diaphragm body 21 (step 2b). This can be well avoided before the step 2c) of depositing graphene.
  • the speaker diaphragm includes a silica gel diaphragm body 33 and a graphene film 32 laminated on one surface of the silica gel diaphragm body 33, and the graphene film 32 is used as a conductive layer.
  • the graphene film 32 can not be too thin, otherwise it will affect its electrical conductivity, and too thin will increase the preparation difficulty, but the graphene film 32 can not be too thick, too thick will occupy the vibration space of the speaker diaphragm, thereby affecting the speaker
  • the thickness of the graphene film 32 is preferably 2 ⁇ m.
  • the silicone diaphragm body 33 includes a flat portion 3101 at a central position, a folded portion 3102 at the edge of the flat portion 3101, and a fixing portion at the outermost periphery for bonding and fixing to the speaker housing.
  • the graphene film 32 is composited in the entire region of the silica gel diaphragm body 33, that is, the graphene film 32 is simultaneously bonded to the flat portion 3101, the folded ring portion 3102, and the fixed portion 3103 of the silica gel diaphragm body 33.
  • the graphene film 32 may be composited only to the planar portion 3101 of the silica gel diaphragm body 33.
  • FIG. 10-14 is a manufacturing process of a speaker diaphragm according to a third embodiment of the present invention, including the following steps:
  • a substrate 31 is provided to treat the surface of the substrate 31 to reduce the activity of the surface of the substrate 31.
  • the substrate 1 may be a metal foil, preferably a copper foil.
  • a graphene film 32 is prepared on the surface of the substrate 31 to form a composite film including the substrate 31 and the graphene film 32.
  • the graphene film 32 can be formed by chemical vapor deposition of graphene on the surface of the substrate 31.
  • the composite film is subjected to a molding process such that the shape of the composite film coincides with the shape of the speaker diaphragm to be finally formed.
  • the formed graphene film 32 is peeled off from the formed composite film. Since the surface of the substrate 31 is subjected to a reduced active treatment, the substrate 31 and the graphene film The combination of 32 is not particularly tight, and it is easy to separate the two.
  • a silica gel diaphragm body 33 which is combined with the formed graphene film 32 is formed on one side of the formed graphene film 32.
  • the formed graphene film 32 may be first placed in a silicone molding tool, and liquid silicone gel is added to one side of the formed graphene film 32 by gluing or injection; The liquid silicone gel is subjected to a vulcanization molding process to form the silica gel diaphragm body 33.
  • the speaker diaphragm of the present invention comprises a diaphragm body and a graphene film which are combined together.
  • the graphene film is light in weight and thin in thickness, and does not substantially affect the vibration system.
  • the performance of the speaker product is improved; preferably or alternatively, the thickness of the graphene film is thin, does not affect the vibration space of the speaker vibration system, and does not affect the volume of the speaker product; preferably or optionally
  • the graphene film has good bending resistance and is not easily broken compared to the conductive layer using the metal plating film; preferably or alternatively, since the graphene has excellent conductivity and extremely fast charge and discharge speed, use Graphene constitutes a detection capacitor that can detect the vibration displacement of the speaker diaphragm in time.
  • the present invention also provides a moving coil speaker comprising a magnetic circuit system and a vibration system located above the magnetic circuit system, the vibration system including a voice coil and a speaker diaphragm as described above, wherein The graphene film of the speaker diaphragm is composited on the upper surface of the diaphragm body.
  • the moving coil speaker further includes a housing that houses the magnetic circuit system and the vibration system, and a graphene plate fixed to the inner side of the housing; the graphene plate is located above the vibration system and parallel to the speaker vibration a graphene film of the film, the graphene plate fixed to the inner side of the casing and the graphene film of the speaker diaphragm constitute a graphene capacitor, and the graphene capacitor can be used for detecting vibration displacement of the speaker diaphragm, the speaker When the vibration system vibrates, the distance between the graphene plate fixed on the inner side of the casing and the graphene film of the speaker diaphragm changes, the capacitance value of the graphene capacitor changes, and the numerical value of the graphene capacitor is directly monitored or The actual displacement of the speaker diaphragm can be calculated by indirectly monitoring the current change of the circuit connected to the capacitor. Since graphene has excellent conductivity and extremely fast charge and discharge speed, the use of graphene to form a detection capacitor can timely monitor the vibration displacement of
  • the graphene plate fixed on the inner side of the speaker casing may be disposed to adhere a corresponding graphene layer on the corresponding substrate by evaporation or chemical vapor deposition, and the vapor deposition and chemical vapor deposition are Known means are not described here.
  • the substrate to which the graphene layer is attached is made of an insulating material.
  • the shape, thickness, and area of the graphene film fixed to the inside of the speaker casing and the speaker diaphragm may be the same or different, but in order to improve the structural symmetry of the two plates of the graphene capacitor, Further, it is convenient to calculate the vibration displacement of the speaker diaphragm according to the change in the capacitance value of the graphene capacitor.
  • the shape of the graphene film fixed to the inside of the speaker casing and the graphene film of the speaker diaphragm Same size.
  • the graphene plate and the speaker fixed to the inside of the speaker housing
  • the graphene film of the diaphragm is connected to the corresponding pad of the moving coil speaker through a connecting lead.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
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  • Diaphragms For Electromechanical Transducers (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种扬声器振膜，该扬声器振膜包括振膜本体以及复合于所述振膜本体一侧表面的用做导电层的石墨烯薄膜。本发明还公开了这种扬声器振膜的制造方法、以及具有这种扬声器振膜的动圈式扬声器。本发明的扬声器振膜包括振膜本体以及复合于所述振膜本体一侧表面的石墨烯薄膜，具有导电性好等优点。

Description

扬声器振膜及其制造方法、动圈式扬声器 技术领域
本发明涉及扬声器技术，更具体地，涉及扬声器振膜、扬声器振膜的制造方法、以及动圈式扬声器。
背景技术
相较于普通的功放电路，智能功放(Smart PA)加入了扬声器输出信号的反馈，智能功放根据输入音频信号和反馈信号对功率进行智能调节。随着智能功放技术在扬声器上的应用，需要越来越多地在扬声器的振动系统中添加导电设计以实现对扬声器输出信号的反馈。目前导电层设计有以下两种形式：1)使用各类金属箔片及柔性线路板(FPC)作为导电层，此种导电层设计的导电性好，但导电层材料的重量和厚度大，对扬声器产品性能和体积的影响比较大；2)使用金属镀膜作为导电层，此种导电层设计具有导电性良好、质量轻、厚度薄的优点，但金属镀膜层耐弯折能力差，易断裂。因此，有必要提出一种新的导电层设计。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提出一种具有导电层的扬声器振膜，并且这种导电层设计至少能够解决上述技术问题之一。
根据本发明的第一方面，提供了一种扬声器振膜，包括振膜本体以及复合于所述振膜本体一侧表面的用做导电层的石墨烯薄膜。
优选地，所述石墨烯薄膜的厚度为2μm。
优选地，所述振膜本体包括PEEK薄膜或PI薄膜。
所述振膜本体为复合薄膜，所述复合薄膜包括复合在一起的PEEK薄膜和TPU薄膜，所述石墨烯薄膜复合于所述PEEK薄膜的外表面。
优选地，所述振膜本体为热塑性弹性体材料薄膜。
优选地，所述热塑性弹性体材料薄膜为热塑性聚氨酯弹性体薄膜或热塑性聚烯烃弹性体薄膜。
优选地，所述热塑性弹性体材料薄膜包括位于中心位置的平面部和位于所述平面部边缘的折环部，所述石墨烯薄膜仅复合于所述热塑性弹性体材料薄膜的平面部。
优选地，所述振膜本体为硅胶振膜本体。
优选地，所述硅胶振膜本体包括位于中心位置的平面部和位于所述平面部边缘的折环部，所述石墨烯薄膜仅复合于所述硅胶振膜本体的平面部。
根据本发明的第二方面，提供了一种动圈式扬声器，所述动圈式扬声器包括磁路系统和位于磁路系统上方的振动系统，所述振动系统包括音圈以及根据权利要求1-9任一项所述的扬声器振膜，所述扬声器振膜的石墨烯薄膜复合于所述振膜本体的上表面。
优选地，所述动圈式扬声器还包括收容所述磁路系统和振动系统的壳体，以及固定于所述壳体内侧的石墨烯极板；所述石墨烯极板位于所述振动系统的上方并且平行于所述扬声器振膜的石墨烯薄膜，所述固定于壳体内侧的石墨烯极板和所述扬声器振膜的石墨烯薄膜构成石墨烯电容。
根据本发明的第三方面，提供了一种扬声器振膜的制造方法，包括以下步骤：
提供所述振膜本体，对所述振膜本体的一侧表面进行表面活化处理；
在所述振膜本体的该侧表面沉积石墨烯形成石墨烯薄膜，从而形成所述扬声器振膜。
根据本发明的第四方面，提供了一种扬声器振膜的制造方法，包括以下步骤：
对热塑性弹性体材料薄膜进行表面活化处理；
在活化后的热塑性弹性体材料薄膜的表面沉积石墨烯，形成包括热塑性弹性体材料薄膜和石墨烯薄膜的复合膜；
对所述复合膜进行成型处理形成所述扬声器振膜。
根据本发明的第五方面，提供了一种扬声器振膜的制造方法，包括以下步骤：
在基材表面制备石墨烯薄膜，形成包括基材和石墨烯薄膜的复合膜；
对所述复合膜进行成型处理，使得所述复合膜的形状和要形成的扬声器振膜的形状一致；
从已成型的复合膜中剥离出已成型的石墨烯薄膜；
在已成型的石墨烯薄膜的一侧形成与所述已成型的石墨烯薄膜复合在一起的硅胶振膜本体。
优选地，所述在已成型的石墨烯薄膜的一侧形成与所述已成型的石墨烯薄膜复合在一起的硅胶振膜本体，包括以下步骤：
将所述已成型的石墨烯薄膜放入硅胶成型工装中，通过涂胶或者注射方式在所述已成型的石墨烯薄膜的一侧加入液体硅胶；
对所述液体硅胶进行硫化成型处理形成所述硅胶振膜本体。
优选地，所述基材为金属箔。
优选地，所述基材为铜箔。
优选地，所述在基材表面制备石墨烯薄膜之前，还包括对所述基材的表面进行降低表面活性处理的步骤。
本发明的发明人发现，在现有技术中，还没有将石墨烯薄膜复合于振膜本体的一侧表面作为导电层的技术方案，因此本发明所要实现的技术任务或者所要解决的技术问题是本领域技术人员从未想到的或者没有预期到的，故本发明是一种新的技术方案。
通过以下参照附图对本发明的示例性实施例的详细描述，本发明的其它特征及其优点将会变得清楚。
附图说明
被结合在说明书中并构成说明书的一部分的附图示出了本发明的实施例，并且连同其说明一起用于解释本发明的原理。
图1是本发明第一实施例提供的扬声器振膜的结构示意图。
图2-4是本发明第一实施例提供的扬声器振膜的制造过程示意图。
图5是本发明第二实施例提供的扬声器振膜的结构示意图。
图6-8是本明第二实施例提供的扬声器振膜的制造过程示意图。
图9是本发明第三实施例提供的扬声器振膜的结构示意图。
图10-14是本发明第三实施例提供的扬声器振膜的制造过程示意图。
具体实施方式
现在将参照附图来详细描述本发明的各种示例性实施例。应注意到：除非另外具体说明，否则在这些实施例中阐述的部件和步骤的相对布置、数字表达式和数值不限制本发明的范围。
以下对至少一个示例性实施例的描述实际上仅仅是说明性的，决不作为对本发明及其应用或使用的任何限制。
对于相关领域普通技术人员已知的技术、方法和设备可能不作详细讨论，但在适当情况下，所述技术、方法和设备应当被视为说明书的一部分。
在这里示出和讨论的所有例子中，任何具体值应被解释为仅仅是示例性的，而不是作为限制。因此，示例性实施例的其它例子可以具有不同的值。
应注意到：相似的标号和字母在下面的附图中表示类似项，因此，一旦某一项在一个附图中被定义，则在随后的附图中不需要对其进行进一步讨论。
<实施例一>
参考图1所示为本发明扬声器振膜的第一实施例：
扬声器振膜包括热塑性弹性体材料(Thermoplastic Elastomer，TPE)薄膜11和复合于所述热塑性弹性体材料薄膜11的一侧表面的石墨烯薄膜12，该石墨烯薄膜12用做导电层。热塑性弹性体材料薄膜11可以例如为热塑性聚氨酯弹性体(Thermoplastic polyurethanes Elastomer，TPU)薄膜或热塑性聚烯烃弹性体(Thermoplastic Elastomer-Olefine，TPE-O)薄膜。
石墨烯薄膜12不能够太薄，否则会影响其导电性能，同时太薄还会增加制备难度，但石墨烯薄膜12也不能过厚，过厚就会占用扬声器振膜的振动空间，从而影响扬声器的性能和体积，综合考虑这些因素，在本发明的一个具体实施例中，石墨烯薄膜12的厚度优选为2μm。
从图1中可以看出，热塑性弹性体材料薄膜11包括位于中心位置的 平面部1101、位于平面部1101边缘的折环部1102，以及位于最外围的用于与扬声器壳体粘接固定的固定部1103，石墨烯薄膜12复合于热塑性弹性体材料薄膜11的全部区域，即石墨烯薄膜12同时复合于热塑性弹性体材料薄膜11的平面部1101、折环部1102以及固定部1103。在本发明的另一个实施例中，石墨烯薄膜12可以仅复合于热塑性弹性体材料薄膜11的平面部1101。
参考图2-4为本发明第一实施例提供的扬声器振膜的制造过程，包括以下步骤：
1a)参考图2所示，对热塑性弹性体材料薄膜11进行表面活化处理，例如等离子表面活化处理。
1b)参考图3所示，在活化后的热塑性弹性体材料薄膜11的表面沉积石墨烯，形成包括热塑性弹性体材料薄膜11和石墨烯薄膜12的复合膜。由于热塑性弹性体材料薄膜11经过表面活化处理，石墨烯薄膜12能够更好地附着于热塑性弹性体材料薄膜11的表面。
1c)参考图4所示，对所述复合膜进行成型处理形成扬声器振膜。热塑性弹性体材料薄膜11和石墨烯薄膜12都具有弹性，因此可以很轻易地处理成型形成扬声器振膜。所述成型处理优选热压成型处理，在高温下，热塑性弹性体材料薄膜11的表面会融化发粘，使得热塑性弹性体材料薄膜11和石墨烯薄膜12之间的结合更为紧密，避免出现两者分离的情况。
<实施例二>
参考图5所示为本发明扬声器振膜的第二实施例：
扬声器振膜包括振膜本体21和复合于所述振膜本体21的一侧表面的石墨烯薄膜22，该石墨烯薄膜22用做导电层。
振膜本体21包括PEEK薄膜或PI薄膜。振膜本体21可以为PEEK(polyetheretherketone，聚醚醚酮)单层薄膜、PI(Polyimide，聚酰亚胺)单层薄膜、PEEK双层薄膜、PI双层薄膜，或者为复合薄膜。
振膜本体21为PEEK双层薄膜时，双层PPEK薄膜之间可以设置有胶层，双层PEEK薄膜之间通过胶层连接。
振膜本体21可以为复合薄膜，例如为复合在一起的PEEK薄膜和TPU (Thermoplastic polyurethanes Elastomer，热塑性聚氨酯弹性体)薄膜，其中所述石墨烯薄膜22复合于所述PEEK薄膜的外表面，所述PEEK薄膜的外表面是指所述PEEK薄膜远离所述TPU薄膜的一侧表面；所述PEEK薄膜和TPU薄膜之间可以设置有胶层，PEEK薄膜和TPU薄膜之间通过胶层连接；PEEK薄膜和TPU薄膜之间也可以不设置胶层，TPU薄膜在高温下自身软化，表面粘度显著增强，此时可以跟PEEK薄膜贴合，等温度降低后，TPU薄膜粘度降低，TPU薄膜与PEEK薄膜结合面会保持贴合状态。
石墨烯薄膜22不能够太薄，否则会影响其导电性能，同时太薄还会增加制备难度，但石墨烯薄膜22也不能过厚，过厚就会占用扬声器振膜的振动空间，从而影响扬声器的性能和体积，综合考虑这些因素，在本发明的一个具体实施例中，石墨烯薄膜22的厚度优选为2μm。
从图5中可以看出，振膜本体1包括位于中心位置的平面部2101、位于平面部2101边缘的折环部2102，以及位于最外围的用于与扬声器壳体粘接固定的固定部2103，石墨烯薄膜22复合于振膜本体21的全部区域，即石墨烯薄膜22同时复合于振膜本体21的平面部2101、折环部2102以及固定部2103。在本发明的另一个实施例中，石墨烯薄膜22可以仅复合于振膜本体21的平面部2101。
参考图6-8为本发明第二实施例提供的扬声器振膜的制造过程，包括以下步骤：
2a)参考图6所示，提供振膜本体材料薄膜200。
2b)参考图7所示，对振膜本体材料薄膜200进行成型处理，形成振膜本体21，所述成型处理可以为热压成型处理。
2c)参考图8所示，在振膜本体21的一侧表面沉积石墨烯形成石墨烯薄膜22，从而形成所述扬声器振膜。在沉积前，可以对振膜本体21的该侧表面进行表面活化处理，例如等离子表面活化处理，由于振膜本体21的该侧表面经过表面活化处理，石墨烯薄膜22能够更好地附着于振膜本体21的该侧表面。所述沉积石墨烯可以为化学气相沉积。
如果先在振膜本体材料薄膜200的一侧表面沉积形成石墨烯薄膜，再对石墨烯薄膜和振膜本体材料薄膜200一体热压成型形成振膜，可能会由 于石墨烯薄膜和振膜本体材料薄膜200的拉伸程度不匹配而导致两者的结合程度下降，第二实施例将对振膜本体材料薄膜200进行成型处理形成振膜本体21的步骤2b)放在沉积石墨烯的步骤2c)之前，能够很好地避免这种情况发生。
<实施例三>
参考图9所示为本发明扬声器振膜的第三实施例：
扬声器振膜包括硅胶振膜本体33和复合于所述硅胶振膜本体33的一侧表面的石墨烯薄膜32，该石墨烯薄膜32用做导电层。
石墨烯薄膜32不能够太薄，否则会影响其导电性能，同时太薄还会增加制备难度，但石墨烯薄膜32也不能过厚，过厚就会占用扬声器振膜的振动空间，从而影响扬声器的性能和体积，综合考虑这些因素，在本发明的一个具体实施例中，石墨烯薄膜32的厚度优选为2μm。
从图9中可以看出，硅胶振膜本体33包括位于中心位置的平面部3101、位于平面部3101边缘的折环部3102，以及位于最外围的用于与扬声器壳体粘接固定的固定部3103，石墨烯薄膜32复合于硅胶振膜本体33的全部区域，即石墨烯薄膜32同时复合于硅胶振膜本体33的平面部3101、折环部3102以及固定部3103。在本发明的另一个实施例中，石墨烯薄膜32可以仅复合于硅胶振膜本体33的平面部3101。
参考图10-14为本发明第三实施例提供的扬声器振膜的制造过程，包括以下步骤：
3a)参考图10所示，提供基材31，对基材31的表面进行处理以降低基材31的表面的活性。基材1可以为金属箔，优选为铜箔。
3b)参考图11所示，在基材31的表面制备石墨烯薄膜32，形成包括基材31和石墨烯薄膜32的复合膜。可以通过在基材31的表面进行化学气相沉积石墨烯以形成石墨烯薄膜32。
3c)参考图12所示，对所述复合膜进行成型处理，使得所述复合膜的形状和最终要形成的扬声器振膜的形状一致。
3d)参考图13所示，从已成型的复合膜中剥离出已成型的石墨烯薄膜32。由于基材31的表面经过降低活性处理，所述基材31和石墨烯薄膜 32的结合不会特别紧密，容易将两者剥离分开。
e)参考图14所示，在已成型的石墨烯薄膜32的一侧形成与所述已成型的石墨烯薄膜32复合在一起的硅胶振膜本体33。这一步骤中，可以先将所述已成型的石墨烯薄膜32放入硅胶成型工装中，通过涂胶或者注射方式在所述已成型的石墨烯薄膜32的一侧加入液体硅胶；对所述液体硅胶进行硫化成型处理形成所述硅胶振膜本体33。
本发明的扬声器振膜，包括复合在一起的振膜本体和石墨烯薄膜，相较于使用金属箔片及柔性线路板作为导电层，石墨烯薄膜的质量轻、厚度薄，基本不影响振动系统顺性，提升了扬声器产品的性能；优选地或可选地，石墨烯薄膜的厚度薄，不会影响扬声器振动系统的振动空间，也不会对扬声器产品的体积造成影响；优选地或可选地，相较于使用金属镀膜的导电层，石墨烯薄膜的耐弯折力好，不易断裂；优选地或可选地，由于石墨烯具有极好的导电性和极快的充放电速度，使用石墨烯构成检测电容能够及时监测到扬声器振膜的振动位移。
本发明还提供了一种动圈式扬声器，所述动圈式扬声器包括磁路系统和位于磁路系统上方的振动系统，所述振动系统包括音圈以及如前所述的扬声器振膜，其中，所述扬声器振膜的石墨烯薄膜复合于所述振膜本体的上表面。所述动圈式扬声器还包括收容磁路系统和振动系统的壳体，以及固定于壳体内侧的石墨烯极板；该石墨烯极板位于所述振动系统的上方并且平行于所述扬声器振膜的石墨烯薄膜，所述固定于壳体内侧的石墨烯极板和所述扬声器振膜的石墨烯薄膜构成石墨烯电容，该石墨烯电容可以用于检测扬声器振膜的振动位移，扬声器的振动系统振动时，固定于壳体内侧的石墨烯极板和扬声器振膜的石墨烯薄膜之间的距离发生变化导致该石墨烯电容的容值发生变化，直接监控该石墨烯电容的数值变化或者间接监控与该电容相连的电路的电流变化即可计算出扬声器振膜的实际位移。由于石墨烯具有极好的导电性和极快的充放电速度，使用石墨烯构成检测电容能够及时监测到扬声器振膜的振动位移。
固定于扬声器壳体内侧的石墨烯极板，可以被设置为通过蒸镀或者化学气相沉积在对应基板上附着对应的石墨烯层，该蒸镀和化学气相沉积为 已知手段，在此不再赘述。为了避免电容电荷流动到其他材质的导电介质中，在本发明的一个具体实施例中，供石墨烯层附着的基板采用绝缘材料。
固定于扬声器壳体内侧的石墨烯极板和扬声器振膜的石墨烯薄膜的形状、厚度、面积等可以相同，也可以不相同，但为了提高石墨烯电容的两个极板的结构对称性，进而便于根据石墨烯电容的容值变化计算出扬声器振膜的振动位移，在本发明的一个具体实施例中，固定于扬声器壳体内侧的石墨烯极板和扬声器振膜的石墨烯薄膜的形状和尺寸相同。
为了将石墨烯电容的容值变化相关数据传输到根据电容变化计算扬声器振膜的振动位移的电路中，在本发明的一个具体实施例中，固定于扬声器壳体内侧的石墨烯极板和扬声器振膜的石墨烯薄膜分别通过连接引线与动圈式扬声器的对应焊盘连接。
虽然已经通过例子对本发明的一些特定实施例进行了详细说明，但是本领域的技术人员应该理解，以上例子仅是为了进行说明，而不是为了限制本发明的范围。本领域的技术人员应该理解，可在不脱离本发明的范围的情况下，对以上实施例进行修改。本发明的范围由所附权利要求来限定。

Claims (18)

  1. 一种扬声器振膜，其特征在于，包括振膜本体以及复合于所述振膜本体一侧表面的用做导电层的石墨烯薄膜。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的扬声器振膜，其特征在于，所述石墨烯薄膜的厚度为2μm。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的扬声器振膜，其特征在于，所述振膜本体包括PEEK薄膜或PI薄膜。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的扬声器振膜，其特征在于，所述振膜本体为复合薄膜，所述复合薄膜包括复合在一起的PEEK薄膜和TPU薄膜，所述石墨烯薄膜复合于所述PEEK薄膜的外表面。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的扬声器振膜，其特征在于，所述振膜本体为热塑性弹性体材料薄膜。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的扬声器振膜，其特征在于，所述热塑性弹性体材料薄膜为热塑性聚氨酯弹性体薄膜或热塑性聚烯烃弹性体薄膜。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的扬声器振膜，其特征在于，所述热塑性弹性体材料薄膜包括位于中心位置的平面部和位于所述平面部边缘的折环部，所述石墨烯薄膜仅复合于所述热塑性弹性体材料薄膜的平面部。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的扬声器振膜，其特征在于，所述振膜本体为硅胶振膜本体。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的扬声器振膜，其特征在于，所述硅胶振膜本体包括位于中心位置的平面部和位于所述平面部边缘的折环部，所述石墨烯薄膜仅复合于所述硅胶振膜本体的平面部。
  10. 一种动圈式扬声器，所述动圈式扬声器包括磁路系统和位于磁路系统上方的振动系统，其特征在于，所述振动系统包括音圈以及根据权利要求1-9任一项所述的扬声器振膜，所述扬声器振膜的石墨烯薄膜复合于所述振膜本体的上表面。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的动圈式扬声器，其特征在于，所述动圈式扬声器还包括收容所述磁路系统和振动系统的壳体，以及固定于所述壳 体内侧的石墨烯极板；所述石墨烯极板位于所述振动系统的上方并且平行于所述扬声器振膜的石墨烯薄膜，所述固定于壳体内侧的石墨烯极板和所述扬声器振膜的石墨烯薄膜构成石墨烯电容。
  12. 一种如权利要求1-4任一项所述的扬声器振膜的制造方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
    提供所述振膜本体，对所述振膜本体的一侧表面进行表面活化处理；
    在所述振膜本体的该侧表面沉积石墨烯形成石墨烯薄膜，从而形成所述扬声器振膜。
  13. 一种如权利要求5-7任一项所述的扬声器振膜的制造方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
    对热塑性弹性体材料薄膜进行表面活化处理；
    在活化后的热塑性弹性体材料薄膜的表面沉积石墨烯，形成包括热塑性弹性体材料薄膜和石墨烯薄膜的复合膜；
    对所述复合膜进行成型处理形成所述扬声器振膜。
  14. 一种如权利要求8或9任一项所述的扬声器振膜的制造方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
    在基材表面制备石墨烯薄膜，形成包括基材和石墨烯薄膜的复合膜；
    对所述复合膜进行成型处理，使得所述复合膜的形状和要形成的扬声器振膜的形状一致；
    从已成型的复合膜中剥离出已成型的石墨烯薄膜；
    在已成型的石墨烯薄膜的一侧形成与所述已成型的石墨烯薄膜复合在一起的硅胶振膜本体。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的方法，其特征在于，所述在已成型的石墨烯薄膜的一侧形成与所述已成型的石墨烯薄膜复合在一起的硅胶振膜本体，包括以下步骤：
    将所述已成型的石墨烯薄膜放入硅胶成型工装中，通过涂胶或者注射方式在所述已成型的石墨烯薄膜的一侧加入液体硅胶；
    对所述液体硅胶进行硫化成型处理形成所述硅胶振膜本体。
  16. 根据权利要求14所述的方法，其特征在于，所述基材为金属箔。
  17. 根据权利要求14所述的方法，其特征在于，所述基材为铜箔。
  18. 根据权利要求14所述的方法，其特征在于，所述在基材表面制备石墨烯薄膜之前，还包括对所述基材的表面进行降低表面活性处理的步骤。
PCT/CN2016/090204 2016-03-04 2016-07-15 扬声器振膜及其制造方法、动圈式扬声器 WO2017148077A1 (zh)

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