WO2017141656A1 - Réfrigérateur de stirling - Google Patents

Réfrigérateur de stirling Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017141656A1
WO2017141656A1 PCT/JP2017/002659 JP2017002659W WO2017141656A1 WO 2017141656 A1 WO2017141656 A1 WO 2017141656A1 JP 2017002659 W JP2017002659 W JP 2017002659W WO 2017141656 A1 WO2017141656 A1 WO 2017141656A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
regenerator
cylinder
support member
displacer
container
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2017/002659
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
中野　恭介
善勝 平塚
健太 湯本
Original Assignee
住友重機械工業株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 住友重機械工業株式会社 filed Critical 住友重機械工業株式会社
Publication of WO2017141656A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017141656A1/fr

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
    • F25B9/14—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the cycle used, e.g. Stirling cycle

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a Stirling refrigerator.
  • a plurality of laminated metal meshes may be used as a cold storage material for a cryogenic refrigerator such as a Stirling refrigerator. Such cold storage material is packed in a container and attached to a refrigerator.
  • the gap can serve as a working gas passage.
  • the working gas bypasses the cold storage material and flows through the gap, heat exchange between the working gas and the cold storage material is not effectively performed. For this reason, the efficiency of the regenerator is reduced.
  • Such leakage of the working gas can be eliminated by joining the container member and the adjacent structural member by an appropriate method such as brazing and closing the entrance of the gap.
  • advanced techniques may be required to join these members without undesired deformation. This is especially true when high dimensional accuracy is required.
  • the present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and one of the exemplary purposes of an embodiment of the present invention is a Stirling refrigerator having a seal structure that blocks a working gas flow through a gap between a cold storage material and a container. Is to provide.
  • a Stirling refrigerator includes a cylinder base end and a cylinder front end, a cylinder extending in an axial direction from the cylinder base end to the cylinder front end, and a radially outer side of the cylinder. And a first regenerator support member fixed to the cylinder base end, a container base end and a container front end, and a shaft extending from the container base end to the container front end.
  • regenerator container extending in a direction and a second regenerator support member fixed to the container base end, wherein the regenerator is radially inward of the regenerator container
  • a second assembly that is disposed adjacently and removably attached to the first assembly so as to be axially sandwiched between the first regenerator support member and the second regenerator support member; Cylinder tip And a annular seal member which is sandwiched between the second regenerator supporting member.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing an overall configuration of a Stirling refrigerator 10 according to an embodiment.
  • the Stirling refrigerator 10 includes a compressor 11, a connecting pipe 12, and an expander 13.
  • the compressor 11 is arranged away from the expander 13.
  • the connecting pipe 12 connects the working gas chamber of the compressor 11 to the working gas chamber of the expander 13.
  • the connecting pipe 12 provides a gas flow path through which the working gas flows between the compressor 11 and the expander 13.
  • the working gas is, for example, helium gas.
  • the Stirling refrigerator 10 is, for example, a split type Stirling refrigerator.
  • the compressor 11 generates a pressure vibration of the working gas. This is transmitted to the expander 13 through the connection pipe 12.
  • pressure vibration having a phase difference from the vibration is generated at the same frequency as the pressure vibration of the compressor 11.
  • a reverse Stirling cycle is formed between the compressor 11 and the expander 13. In this way, the expander 13 generates cold.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram schematically showing the expander 13 shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 2 shows an outline of the internal structure of the expander 13.
  • FIG. 3 is an exploded view of a portion of the expander 13 shown in FIG.
  • the expander 13 includes a first assembly 13a and a second assembly 13b.
  • the first assembly 13 a includes a cylinder 56, an annular seal member 64, a regenerator 38, and a first regenerator support member 37.
  • the second assembly 13 b includes a regenerator container 54, a second regenerator support member 39, and a cooling stage 29.
  • the cylinder 56 includes a cylinder base end 56a, a cylinder front end 56b, and a cylinder inner peripheral surface 56c.
  • the cylinder 56 extends in the axial direction from the cylinder base end 56a to the cylinder front end 56b.
  • the cylinder 56 is made of metal or resin.
  • the regenerator 38 is disposed adjacent to the outside of the cylinder 56 in the radial direction.
  • the regenerator 38 includes a regenerative material laminate, for example, a laminated structure of a wire mesh.
  • the first regenerator support member 37 is fixed to the cylinder base end 56a.
  • the axial length of the cylinder 56 from the first regenerator support member 37 is longer than the axial height of the regenerator 38. Therefore, the cylinder tip 56b protrudes from the regenerator 38 in the axial direction.
  • the regenerator container 54 includes a container proximal end 54a and a container distal end 54b, and extends in the axial direction from the container proximal end 54a to the container distal end 54b.
  • the regenerator container 54 is disposed coaxially with the cylinder 56, and forms an annular or donut-shaped accommodation space for the regenerator 38 with the cylinder 56.
  • the second regenerator support member 39 is fixed to the container base end 54a.
  • the cooling stage 29 is disposed on the opposite side to the regenerator 38 in the axial direction with respect to the second regenerator support member 39 and is fixed to the container base end 54a.
  • the cooling stage 29 has a dome-shaped inner surface.
  • a working gas expansion space 28 is formed between the dome-shaped inner surface of the cooling stage 29 and the second regenerator support member 39.
  • the second assembly 13b is detachably attached to the first assembly 13a.
  • the regenerator 38 is disposed adjacent to the inside of the regenerator container 54 in the radial direction, and the first regenerator support member 37 and the second regenerator support member 39 are disposed. And are held in the axial direction.
  • the expander 13 includes an expander body 20, a displacer 22, and at least one support portion 40.
  • the expander body 20 is a pressure vessel configured to hold a high-pressure working gas in an airtight manner.
  • This pressure vessel may be composed of a plurality of vessel parts connected to each other so as to keep the inside airtight.
  • the displacer 22 is a movable member configured to reciprocate within the expander body 20.
  • the support unit 40 supports the displacer 22 on the expander body 20 so that the displacer 22 can reciprocate.
  • the expander body 20 includes a first section 24 and a second section 26.
  • the first compartment 24 includes a working gas expansion space 28 formed between the expander body 20 and the displacer 22.
  • a portion of the expander body 20 adjacent to the expansion space 28 is provided with a cooling stage 29 for cooling the object.
  • the second section 26 is configured to support the displacer 22 on the expander body 20 via the elastic member 30.
  • a part of the expander body 20 on the first section 24 side is accommodated in a vacuum container (not shown).
  • the flange 47 separates the vacuum layer inside the vacuum vessel and the atmospheric layer outside the vacuum vessel.
  • the second section 26 is adjacent to the first section 24 in the reciprocating direction of the displacer 22 (indicated by an arrow C in the figure).
  • a seal portion 25 is provided between the second compartment 26 and the first compartment 24, whereby the second compartment 26 is partitioned from the first compartment 24. Therefore, the pressure fluctuation of the working gas in the first section 24 is not transmitted to the second section 26 or does not significantly affect the pressure of the working gas in the second section 26.
  • the second compartment 26 is filled with the same type of gas as the working gas so as to have a pressure equivalent to the average pressure of the working gas sent from the compressor 11.
  • the displacer 22 extends in the cylinder 56 in the axial direction.
  • the displacer 22 is disposed so as to reciprocate in the axial direction along the cylinder 56.
  • the displacer 22 includes a first displacer outer peripheral surface 32a, a second displacer outer peripheral surface 32b, and a displacer step portion 32c.
  • the displacer 22 includes a displacer head 32 accommodated in the first section 24 and a displacer rod 34.
  • the displacer rod 34 is a shaft portion thinner than the displacer head 32.
  • the displacer 22 has a central axis (indicated by the alternate long and short dash line A in the figure) parallel to the reciprocating direction of the displacer, and the displacer head 32 and the displacer rod 34 are provided coaxially with the central axis of the displacer 22.
  • the displacer 22 has an internal space and is filled with the same kind of gas as the working gas.
  • the displacer rod 34 extends from the displacer head 32 through the seal portion 25 to the second section 26.
  • the displacer rod 34 is supported by the expander body 20 in the second section 26 so that the displacer 22 can reciprocate.
  • the seal portion 25 described above may be a rod seal formed between the displacer rod 34 and the expander body 20.
  • the displacer rod 34 also has an internal space like the displacer 22.
  • the displacer rod 34 is connected to the displacer head 32 and communicates with the internal space of the displacer 22.
  • the expander 13 supports the displacer 22 on the expander body 20 so that the displacer 22 can reciprocate at a plurality of different positions in the reciprocating direction of the displacer 22.
  • the expander 13 is provided with two support portions 40. These two support portions 40 are provided in the second section 26. In this way, tilting of the displacer 22 with respect to the central axis can be suppressed.
  • the elastic member 30 provided in the support portion 40 is disposed between the displacer rod 34 and the expander body 20 so that an elastic restoring force acts on the displacer 22 when the displacer 22 is displaced from the neutral position. ing.
  • the displacer 22 reciprocates at a natural frequency determined from the spring constant of the elastic member 30, the spring constant caused by the pressure of the working gas, the weight of the displacer 22, and the like.
  • the gas spring action according to the cross-sectional area of the displacer rod 34 also affects the natural frequency.
  • the elastic member 30 includes, for example, a spring mechanism including at least one leaf spring.
  • the leaf spring is a spring called a flexure bearing, and is flexible in the reciprocating direction of the displacer 22 and rigid in the direction perpendicular to the reciprocating direction. Therefore, the displacer 22 is allowed to move in the direction along the central axis by the elastic member 30, but the movement in the direction orthogonal to the displacer 22 is restricted.
  • the displacer rod 34 is fixed to the elastic member 30 via the elastic member mounting portion 51.
  • a vibration system composed of the displacer 22 and the elastic member 30 is configured.
  • This vibration system is configured such that the displacer 22 vibrates at the same frequency as the vibration of the movable member of the compressor 11 and has a phase difference with the vibration.
  • the displacer 22 is driven by the pulsation of the working gas pressure generated by the vibration of the movable member of the compressor 11.
  • a reciprocating motion of the displacer 22 and the movable member of the compressor 11 forms a reverse Stirling cycle between the expansion space 28 and the working gas chamber of the compressor 11.
  • the cooling stage adjacent to the expansion space 28 is cooled, and the Stirling refrigerator 10 can cool the object.
  • the expansion space 28 is formed between the distal end surface of the displacer head 32 and the cooling stage 29.
  • the expansion space 28 is formed on the opposite side in the axial direction from the joint between the displacer head 32 and the displacer rod 34.
  • a gas space 36 connected to the connection pipe 12 is formed between the joint portion and the seal portion 25. The working gas can be circulated between the expansion space 28 and the gas space 36 through a regenerator 38.
  • the first regenerator support member 37 is disposed between the regenerator 38 and the gas space 36, that is, in the normal temperature part of the Stirling refrigerator 10. Similar to the regenerator 38, the first regenerator support member 37 has an annular or donut shape. The first regenerator support member 37 extends outward in the radial direction from the cylinder base end 56a. The first regenerator support member 37 has a working gas flow path, and the working gas flows between the gas space 36 and the regenerator 38 through the first regenerator support member 37.
  • the first regenerator support member 37 includes a first heat exchanger 37a.
  • the first heat exchanger 37a may be, for example, a water-cooled heat exchanger or a heat exchanger that uses a coolant or a refrigerant.
  • the first heat exchanger 37 a cools the working gas supplied from the compressor 11 and realizes heat exchange for releasing the heat to the outside of the expander 13.
  • the first regenerator support member 37 may be formed integrally with the first heat exchanger 37a.
  • the second regenerator support member 39 is arranged between the regenerator 38 and the cooling stage 29, that is, in the low temperature part of the Stirling refrigerator 10. Similar to the regenerator 38, the second regenerator support member 39 has an annular or donut shape. The second regenerator support member 39 extends radially inward from the container base end 54a. The second regenerator support member 39 has a working gas flow path, and the working gas flows between the expansion space 28 and the regenerator 38 through the second regenerator support member 39.
  • the second regenerator support member 39 may be a low temperature heat exchanger.
  • the second regenerator support member 39 is made of metal (for example, oxygen-free copper).
  • the first regenerator support member 37 and the second regenerator support member 39 are provided as a pair of holders for the regenerator 38.
  • the pair of holders sandwich the cold storage material laminate from both axial ends so as to compress and hold the cold storage material laminate in the axial direction.
  • the reason for compressing and holding the regenerator material in this way is to prevent a change in the position of the regenerator material due to the flow of the working gas. In this way, a large number of cool storage material members forming the cool storage material laminate are fixed between the pair of holders.
  • the second regenerator support member 39 includes an annular groove 39a and a support member inner peripheral surface 39b.
  • the annular groove 39a is formed at a position corresponding to the cylinder tip 56b.
  • the cylinder inner peripheral surface 56c has a first inner diameter D1
  • the support member inner peripheral surface 39b has a second inner diameter D2 that is smaller than the first inner diameter D1.
  • the first displacer outer peripheral surface 32a faces the cylinder inner peripheral surface 56c and has a first outer diameter d1.
  • the second displacer outer peripheral surface 32b faces the support member inner peripheral surface 39b and has a second outer diameter d2 that is smaller than the first outer diameter d1.
  • the displacer step portion 32c is formed between the first displacer outer peripheral surface 32a and the second displacer outer peripheral surface 32b. The displacer step portion 32 c helps to reduce the leakage of the working gas that passes through the gap between the displacer head 32 and the cylinder 56.
  • the annular seal member 64 is sandwiched between the cylinder tip 56b and the second regenerator support member 39.
  • the cylinder front end 56 b includes an annular seal member 64, and the cylinder front end 56 b is fitted into the annular groove 39 a together with the annular seal member 64.
  • the annular seal member 64 is attached to the cylinder tip 56b so as to cover the inner surface and the outer surface of the cylinder tip 56b. As shown by the arrows in FIG. 3, the first assembly 13a is inserted into the second assembly 13b, and both are combined.
  • the cylinder tip 56b and the second regenerator support member 39 are not joined by brazing.
  • the annular seal member 64 is made of a resin material.
  • the annular seal member 64 is made of a fluorine resin (for example, polytetrafluoroethylene, PTFE) or polyamide resin sleeve, a polyimide film adhesive tape (for example, Kapton (registered trademark) tape), a heat shrinkable tube, A slipper seal or an O-ring may be used.
  • the annular seal member 64 may be an elastic body.
  • FIG. 4 schematically shows a regenerator 138 of a Stirling refrigerator.
  • the displacer is not shown, and its central axis is indicated by a one-dot chain line.
  • the regenerator 138 is disposed coaxially with the center axis of the displacer.
  • the regenerator 138 includes a regenerator container 152 having a container outer cylinder 154 and a container inner cylinder 156.
  • the container inner cylinder 156 functions as a cylinder for guiding the displacer.
  • a cold storage material laminate 158 is accommodated between the container outer cylinder 154 and the container inner cylinder 156.
  • the cold storage material laminate 158 is formed of a number of wire mesh members 160 laminated in the axial direction. Each wire mesh member 160 extends along a plane perpendicular to the axial direction.
  • a pair of holders 162 is provided at both axial ends of the regenerator material stack 158.
  • the metal mesh member 160 has an annular or donut shape.
  • the holder 162 has an annular or donut shape.
  • the wire mesh member 160 is dimensioned so that the space in the cool storage material container 152 is completely filled and no gap is generated between the cool storage material container 152 and the cool storage material laminate 158.
  • a slight gap may occur between the cold storage material laminate 158 and the cold storage material container 152.
  • An outer gap 164a may be formed between the container outer cylinder 154 and the cool storage material laminate 158, and an inner gap 164b may be generated between the container inner cylinder 156 and the cool storage material stack 158.
  • gaps are caused by manufacturing tolerances of the wire mesh member 160.
  • the gap can serve as a working gas passage. When the working gas flows through the gap, heat exchange between the working gas and the cold storage material is not effectively performed. Therefore, the efficiency of the regenerator 138 will fall. Even with a slight gap, the performance of the regenerator 138 can be significantly reduced.
  • the Stirling refrigerator 10 is provided with an annular seal member 64, and a gap that may be generated between the second regenerator support member 39 and the cylinder 56 is closed. Even if a gap is generated between the regenerator 38 and the cylinder 56, the annular seal member 64 can block the working gas flow there. Therefore, the efficiency reduction of the regenerator 38 can be prevented or alleviated.
  • annular seal member 64 closes a gap that may be generated between the second regenerator support member 39 that is a low-temperature heat exchanger and the cylinder 56. Therefore, the heat exchange efficiency of the low-temperature heat exchanger can be improved.
  • the annular seal member 64 may be provided in the cylinder 56 to prevent the regenerator 38 from coming off. Before the first assembly 13a is attached to the second assembly 13b, the regenerator 38 can be prevented from falling when the first assembly 13a is turned upside down. Assembling workability can be improved.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram schematically showing an expander 13 according to another embodiment.
  • the annular seal member 64 may be attached to the cylinder tip 56b so as to cover only the outer surface of the cylinder tip 56b.
  • the annular seal member 64 is sandwiched between the cylinder front end 56 b and the second regenerator support member 39. Even in this case, the annular seal member 64 can block the working gas flow in the gap between the regenerator 38 and the cylinder 56.
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram schematically showing an expander 13 according to another embodiment.
  • the annular seal member 64 is similar to the embodiment of FIGS.
  • the second regenerator support member 39 includes an inner peripheral portion 39c that contacts the annular seal member 64 and an outer peripheral portion 39d that is fixed to the container base end 54a.
  • the inner peripheral portion 39c protrudes in the axial direction toward the cooling stage 29 in the expansion space 28 with respect to the outer peripheral portion 39d.
  • Such a shape of the second regenerator support member 39 serves to direct the working gas flow 66 between the second regenerator support member 39 and the expansion space 28 toward the cooling stage 29.
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram schematically showing an expander 13 according to another embodiment.
  • the first heat exchanger 37a may be provided as a first regenerator support member. As illustrated, the first heat exchanger 37a may directly support the regenerator 38. Thus, the 1st regenerator support member 37 shown by FIG. 2 etc. may be abbreviate
  • the second regenerator support member 39 includes a second heat exchanger 41 (for example, the low-temperature heat exchanger described above), and a regenerator presser member 42 sandwiched between the second heat exchanger 41 and the regenerator 38. May be.
  • the second regenerator support member 39 may be configured by a heat exchanger and a pressing member that are separate from each other, similarly to the first regenerator support member 37 illustrated in FIG. 2.
  • the heat exchanger integrated first regenerator support member shown in FIG. 7 can be applied to any of the above-described embodiments.
  • both the first regenerator support member 37 and the second regenerator support member 39 are configured as a heat exchanger integrated type.
  • the heat exchanger separated type second regenerator support member shown in FIG. 7 can be applied to any of the above-described embodiments.
  • both the first regenerator support member 37 and the second regenerator support member 39 are configured as a heat exchanger separation type.
  • the seal structure according to the embodiment may be applied to a Stirling refrigerator that does not include the displacer 22, for example, a Stirling pulse tube refrigerator.
  • the cylinder 56 may be a pulse tube cylinder.
  • the present invention can be used in the field of Stirling refrigerators.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Gasket Seals (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un réfrigérateur de Stirling qui comprend : un premier ensemble comprenant un cylindre 56, un régénérateur 38 qui est disposé en position adjacente au côté externe radial du cylindre 56, et un premier élément de support de générateur 37 qui est fixé à l'extrémité de base du cylindre 56 ; un deuxième ensemble comprenant une cuve de régénérateur 54 et un deuxième élément de support de régénérateur 39 qui est fixé à l'extrémité de base de la cuve, le deuxième ensemble étant fixé de façon détachable au premier ensemble de sorte que le régénérateur 38 soit disposé en position adjacente au côté interne radial de la cuve de régénérateur 54 et soit intercalé entre le premier élément de support de régénérateur 37 et le deuxième élément de support de régénérateur 39 dans la direction axiale ; et un élément de joint d'étanchéité annulaire 64 qui est intercalé entre l'extrémité avant du cylindre 56 et le deuxième élément de support de régénérateur 39.
PCT/JP2017/002659 2016-02-18 2017-01-26 Réfrigérateur de stirling WO2017141656A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2016-028769 2016-02-18
JP2016028769A JP2017146036A (ja) 2016-02-18 2016-02-18 スターリング冷凍機

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WO2017141656A1 true WO2017141656A1 (fr) 2017-08-24

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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH06323195A (ja) * 1993-04-29 1994-11-22 Gold Star Co Ltd スターリング機器の熱損失防止装置
JP2004084598A (ja) * 2002-08-28 2004-03-18 Sharp Corp スターリング機関
CN1757992A (zh) * 2005-10-27 2006-04-12 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 一种用于斯特林制冷机的环形蓄冷器
JP2007003130A (ja) * 2005-06-24 2007-01-11 Twinbird Corp スターリングサイクル機関
JP2015075254A (ja) * 2013-10-07 2015-04-20 住友重機械工業株式会社 スターリング型の冷凍機、及び膨張機
JP2015183962A (ja) * 2014-03-25 2015-10-22 住友重機械工業株式会社 スターリング冷凍機

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH06323195A (ja) * 1993-04-29 1994-11-22 Gold Star Co Ltd スターリング機器の熱損失防止装置
JP2004084598A (ja) * 2002-08-28 2004-03-18 Sharp Corp スターリング機関
JP2007003130A (ja) * 2005-06-24 2007-01-11 Twinbird Corp スターリングサイクル機関
CN1757992A (zh) * 2005-10-27 2006-04-12 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 一种用于斯特林制冷机的环形蓄冷器
JP2015075254A (ja) * 2013-10-07 2015-04-20 住友重機械工業株式会社 スターリング型の冷凍機、及び膨張機
JP2015183962A (ja) * 2014-03-25 2015-10-22 住友重機械工業株式会社 スターリング冷凍機

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