WO2017122520A1 - 水処理装置及び水処理方法 - Google Patents
水処理装置及び水処理方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2017122520A1 WO2017122520A1 PCT/JP2016/088641 JP2016088641W WO2017122520A1 WO 2017122520 A1 WO2017122520 A1 WO 2017122520A1 JP 2016088641 W JP2016088641 W JP 2016088641W WO 2017122520 A1 WO2017122520 A1 WO 2017122520A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
- C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
- C02F1/46104—Devices therefor; Their operating or servicing
- C02F1/46109—Electrodes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
- C02F1/469—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrochemical separation, e.g. by electro-osmosis, electrodialysis, electrophoresis
- C02F1/4691—Capacitive deionisation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
- C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
- C02F1/46104—Devices therefor; Their operating or servicing
- C02F1/46109—Electrodes
- C02F2001/46119—Cleaning the electrodes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
- C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
- C02F1/46104—Devices therefor; Their operating or servicing
- C02F1/46109—Electrodes
- C02F2001/46133—Electrodes characterised by the material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/08—Seawater, e.g. for desalination
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2201/002—Construction details of the apparatus
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2201/46—Apparatus for electrochemical processes
- C02F2201/461—Electrolysis apparatus
- C02F2201/46105—Details relating to the electrolytic devices
- C02F2201/46115—Electrolytic cell with membranes or diaphragms
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2201/46—Apparatus for electrochemical processes
- C02F2201/461—Electrolysis apparatus
- C02F2201/46105—Details relating to the electrolytic devices
- C02F2201/46195—Cells containing solid electrolyte
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a water treatment apparatus and a water treatment method for performing desalting treatment of water to be treated.
- Patent Document 1 discloses an electrolytic capacitor type desalination apparatus in which a liquid-permeable and electrically insulating separator is disposed between a pair of electrodes, and an ion trapping material is provided between the electrodes and the separator.
- the electrodes adsorbed on the ion-trapping material are desorbed by discharging the charge charged between the electrodes by short-circuiting the electrodes (or applying a reverse voltage). Restores ion adsorption capacity.
- a scale or biofilm mainly resulting from the component of the water to be treated is generated on the surface of the electrode, separator, ion trapping material, etc. along with the desalting treatment, and the desalting is performed.
- the scale and the biofilm need to be removed by regular cleaning or replacement of the above-described member, and time is required for maintenance.
- the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and scales and biofilms that cause a decrease in desalting efficiency can be efficiently removed, and desalting efficiency can be maintained. It is an object of the present invention to provide a possible water treatment apparatus and water treatment method.
- a water treatment apparatus includes at least a pair of electrodes that are spaced apart from each other, an electrically insulating and permeable separator provided between the pair of electrodes, and an electrical insulation that houses the electrode and the separator. And a conductive porous material having fluidity disposed in a plurality of spaces in the container separated by the separator, and the container introduces water to be treated for introducing the water to be treated into the container And a backwashing fluid introduction part for introducing backwashing fluid into the container from a direction different from the water to be treated, and in a part of the same space as the space where the conductive porous material is disposed, It has a space where the conductive porous material is not arranged.
- an electrically insulating and water permeable separator is provided between at least a pair of electrodes housed in an electrically insulating container, and fluidity is provided in a plurality of spaces in the container partitioned by the separator.
- a conductive porous material having a conductive porous material is disposed, and a space in which the conductive porous material is not disposed is provided in a part of the same space as the conductive porous material is disposed.
- An adsorption process in which water to be treated is introduced into the container with ions applied to adsorb ions contained in the water to be treated to the conductive porous material, and electric charges accumulated between the electrodes are discharged to be adsorbed to the conductive porous material.
- a space in which the conductive porous material is not disposed is provided in a part of the same space as the space in which the conductive porous material is disposed in the container.
- a space in which the conductive porous material is not disposed is provided in a part of the same space as the space in which the conductive porous material is disposed in the container, and the desorption step
- the particles of the conductive porous material are stirred, Since they collide with particles or electrodes or separators, scales and biofilms generated on their surfaces can be easily removed, and desalting efficiency can be maintained.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram conceptually showing a main part configuration of a water treatment apparatus according to Embodiment 1
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view conceptually showing a main part configuration in a horizontal section of the water treatment apparatus shown in FIG.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the overall configuration of the water treatment apparatus shown in FIG. 1
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of a water treatment system using the water treatment apparatus shown in FIG.
- the same or corresponding parts are denoted by the same reference numerals.
- the water treatment apparatus 1 is used for a desalting treatment for reducing the ion concentration in the water to be treated.
- a pair of electrodes 2a and 2b (collectively, electrode 2), which are current collectors, are arranged to be spaced apart from each other and connected to the DC power supply 4 via the electrode terminals 3a and 3b (collectively, electrode terminal 3), respectively.
- An electrically insulating and water-permeable separator 5 is provided between the pair of electrodes 2, and the electrodes 2 a and 2 b are electrically insulated from each other.
- the electrode 2 has, for example, a structure in which a bamboo cylinder is divided into two along its central axis, and a cylindrical space portion having an opening in the vertical direction is formed by facing each other with the concave portions facing each other. . That is, each of the pair of electrodes 2 has a cross-sectional shape curved in a semicircular shape. In the first embodiment, the pair of electrodes 2 are integrally formed via a flat plate or sheet separator 5.
- the electrode 2 and the separator 5 are accommodated in an electrically insulating container 9, and a plurality of spaces in the container 9 separated by the separator 5 are provided with conductive porous materials 7 a and 7 b having fluidity (collectively, conductive).
- a porous porous material 7) is arranged.
- a disc-shaped holding body 6 having water permeability is disposed in one opening (lower end in FIG. 3) of the cylindrical space formed by the pair of electrodes 2. The lower end portion of the separator 5 is joined to the holding body 6, and the conductive porous material 7 is held by the holding body 6.
- the container 9 includes a treated water introduction part 9a that introduces the treated water W1 into the container 9 and a backwashing fluid introduction part 9b that introduces a backwashing fluid into the container 9 from a direction different from the treated water W1.
- the two spaces formed by the electrode 2, the separator 5, and the holding body 6 are filled with a predetermined amount of the conductive porous material 7 to form a layer of the conductive porous material 7.
- a space 8 having a predetermined volume is formed.
- a region constituted by the electrode 2 in the container 9, the separator 5, and the layer of the conductive porous material 7 is referred to as an “electrode part”.
- the container 9 has a space 8 in which the conductive porous material 7 is not disposed in a part of the same space as the space in which the conductive porous material 7 is disposed.
- This space 8 is provided between the conductive porous material 7 and the treated water introduction part 9a.
- the volume of the space 8 is a volume necessary for the conductive porous material 7 to expand due to flow during backwashing and is sufficiently stirred, and is 1% to 50% of the volume of the conductive porous material 7. %, More desirably 5% to 35%.
- a corrosion-resistant metal such as titanium, stainless steel, or platinum, or a chemically stable conductive material such as a carbon sheet or a carbon fiber sheet is used.
- a porous material having electrical insulation and water permeability such as filter paper, nonwoven fabric, foamed material, and porous film, is used. It is preferable that an insulating sealing material, a frame material, or the like is disposed around the separator 5 so as to be coupled to the electrode 2 and the holding body 6.
- the opening of the separator 5 is preferably smaller than the particle diameter of the granular activated carbon.
- the thickness of the separator 5 is not particularly limited, but is arbitrarily selected within a range of 0.05 mm to 10 mm, for example.
- the holder 6 is made of a porous material with high water permeability. Since the holding body 6 needs to ensure insulation with the electrode 2, an insulating material is selected. Alternatively, a sealing material or a frame material made of an insulating material is disposed between the holding body 6 and the electrode 2. Furthermore, the electrode 2, the separator 5, and the holding body 6 may be integrally coupled, and the electrode 2 may be configured as a part of the container 9. Further, a holding body similar to the holding body 6 installed in the lower part of the container 9 may be provided at the upper end of the space 8.
- the conductive porous material 7 is made of a porous conductive material having a high ion adsorption capability, such as granular activated carbon, fibrous activated carbon, pellet activated carbon, or powdered activated carbon.
- a particle having a shape close to a sphere that does not pass through the separator 5 and the holding body 6 and hardly clogs the separator 5 and the holding body 6 is selected.
- granular activated carbon such as coal-based, coconut shell-based, or wood-based is preferably used.
- the average particle diameter of the granular activated carbon is 0.1 mm to 5 mm, and more preferably 0.3 mm to 2.5 mm.
- the conductive porous material 7 does not pass through the separator 5 and the holding body 6, so that the insulation between the electrodes 2 a and 2 b is maintained. Further, by providing the holding body 6 also on the upper part of the electrode portion, it is possible to prevent the conductive porous material 7 from flowing out of the container 9 through the backwash fluid discharge pipe 19 during backwashing.
- the cylindrical electrode 2 is divided into two in the axial direction by the separator 5, but can be further finely divided. In that case, it is preferable to divide the electrode 2 into an even number, and when divided into four or more, it is preferable to arrange a positive electrode and a negative electrode alternately. Further, the electrode 2 may be divided in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction, and in this case as well, it is preferable to alternately arrange the positive electrode and the negative electrode.
- the positive electrode side conductive porous material 7a and the negative electrode side conductive porous material 7b are alternately treated, so that ions are treated from the water to be treated W1. Efficient removal.
- the treated water introduction pipe 12 is connected via the treated water introduction means 13 to the treated water tank 11 in which the treated water W1 is stored, and the treated water introduction part 9a above the container 9.
- the treated water introducing means 13 is, for example, a liquid feeding pump.
- the lower part of the container 9 is connected to the desalted water tank 15 via the desalted water discharge pipe 14, and the treated water W 2 after treating the treated water W 1 is stored in the desalted water tank 15.
- the demineralized water discharge pipe 14 includes an on-off valve 14a.
- the backwashing fluid introduction pipe 16 is connected to the desalted water tank 15 and the backwashing fluid introduction part 9b through the backwashing fluid introduction means 17 and the desalted water discharge pipe 14 above the on-off valve 14a.
- the backwashing fluid introduction means 17 is, for example, a liquid feeding pump.
- the on-off valve 14a may be a flow path switching valve, and the desalted water discharge pipe 14 and the backwash fluid introduction pipe 16 may be switched.
- a backwashing fluid discharge pipe 19 for discharging backwashing water W3 that is a backwashing fluid is connected to the upper portion of the container 9.
- a valve may be disposed in each of the treated water introduction pipe 12, the backwash fluid introduction pipe 16, and the backwash fluid discharge pipe 19, and the water flow may be controlled by opening and closing the valves.
- the to-be-processed water tank 11 and the desalted water tank 15 are good also as a structure which is not installed, respectively.
- the treated water W2 is used as the backwashing fluid, but the backwashing fluid is not limited to this, and is selected from water, gas, a mixture thereof, or the like.
- water is used as the backwash fluid, it is desirable to use the treated water W1 or the treated water W2, but water may be introduced separately from the outside of the water treatment apparatus 1.
- the backwashing fluid introduction means 17 uses a gas supply facility such as a gas cylinder or a compressor.
- the water treatment apparatus 1 can be configured as a water treatment system as shown in FIG. 4, for example, in addition to being used alone for the purpose of desalination.
- the water treatment system shown in FIG. 4 includes a biological treatment device 20, an ozone treatment device 21, a reverse osmosis membrane treatment device 22, and an accelerated oxidation treatment device 23 in addition to the water treatment device 1.
- the treated water introduction pipes 12a, 12b, and 12c are connected to the water treatment apparatus 1 via the biological treatment apparatus 20 and the ozone treatment apparatus 21, and the desalted water discharge pipes 14b, 14c, and 14d are connected to the reverse osmosis membrane treatment apparatus 22 and It is connected to the water treatment device 1 via the accelerated oxidation treatment device 23.
- the water treatment system adds one or more devices selected from the biological treatment device 20, the ozone treatment device 21, the reverse osmosis membrane treatment device 22, and the accelerated oxidation treatment device 23 to the water treatment device 1. It may be a configuration. The order in which the water treatment device 1 and the reverse osmosis membrane treatment device 22 are arranged may be interchanged.
- the biological treatment apparatus 20 an apparatus combining standard activated sludge method and sand filtration, a membrane separation bioreactor, or the like is used.
- a well-known technique can be used for the ozone treatment device 21, the reverse osmosis membrane treatment device 22, and the accelerated oxidation treatment device 23.
- an adsorption process for adsorbing ions contained in the water to be treated W1 to the conductive porous material 7 and a charge accumulated between the electrodes 2a and 2b are discharged.
- the description will be divided into a desorption step of desorbing ions adsorbed on the conductive porous material 7.
- the water to be treated W1 stored in the water tank 11 to be treated is treated with a voltage applied between the electrodes 2a and 2b from the DC power source 4 via the electrode terminal 3 and the on-off valve 14a is opened.
- the treated water introduction means 13 introduces the treated water introduction part 9a to the electrode part.
- the water to be treated W1 containing various ions such as sodium ion (Na + ), calcium ion (Ca 2+ ), chlorine ion (Cl ⁇ ), or nitrate ion (NO 3 ⁇ ) Pass through the layer of material 7.
- ions are adsorbed to the conductive porous material 7 by applying a voltage of 0.4 V to 5 V, preferably 0.4 V to 1.3 V from the DC power supply 4 between the electrodes 2 a and 2 b.
- the kind of ion changes with the water quality etc. of the to-be-processed water W1, and is not specifically limited.
- the desorption step is performed when the ion adsorption capacity of the conductive porous material 7 is lowered.
- the conductive porous material 7 is backwashed simultaneously with the desorption process, and the treated water W2 stored in the demineralized water tank 15 is used as the backwash fluid.
- the on-off valve 14a is closed and the electrodes 2a and 2b are short-circuited (or a reverse voltage is applied to the electrodes 2a and 2b), and the treated water W2 stored in the desalted water tank 15 is reversed.
- the washing fluid introduction means 17 introduces the container 9 into the container 9 from the backwashing fluid introduction portion 9 b below the container 9.
- the space 8 is provided above the conductive porous material 7, so that the conductive porous material 7 is formed by the treated water W2.
- the desorption of ions adsorbed on the conductive porous material 7 is promoted by expanding and flowing so as to rise.
- the stirred particles of the conductive porous material 7 collide with other particles of the conductive porous material 7, the electrode 2 or the separator 5, the scale and biofilm generated on the surfaces thereof are mechanically affected. Is peeled off. Further, foreign substances accumulated on the surface of the conductive porous material 7 facing the space 8 by backwashing are discharged out of the container 9 through the backwashing fluid discharge pipe 19, and the conductive porous material 7 Clogging is eliminated.
- the flow rate of the backwashing fluid for backwashing the conductive porous material 7 is set to a speed sufficient for the layer of the conductive porous material 7 to expand and the conductive porous material 7 to fluidize.
- the linear velocity of the backwashing fluid is 0.002 m 3 / (min ⁇ m 2 ) to 0.8 m 3 / (min ⁇ m 2 ), more preferably 0.
- the desorption step can be performed efficiently by setting the pressure to 0.01 m 3 / (min ⁇ m 2 ) to 0.2 m 3 / (min ⁇ m 2 ).
- the backwashing of the conductive porous material 7 may be performed separately from the desorption step.
- the backwash fluid is introduced into the electrode portion from a direction different from the water to be treated W1
- the electric double layer is eliminated and the desorption of ions from the conductive porous material 7 is promoted. Process time is reduced.
- the to-be-processed water introduction part 9a was provided in the upper part of the container 9 as an example, the to-be-processed water introduction part was provided in the lower part of the container 9, and to-be-processed water in an adsorption
- the conductive porous material 7 in the vicinity of the electrode 2 is easier to adsorb ions than the conductive porous material 7 in the vicinity of the separator 5, Variation occurs in the ion adsorption amount of the conductive porous material 7.
- the conductive porous material 7 in the vicinity of the electrode 2 is brought near the separator 5 by the flow of the conductive porous material 7.
- the conductive porous material 7 in the vicinity of the separator 5 can be moved to the vicinity of the electrode 2.
- the water treatment apparatus 1 can be configured to include two or more water treatment units composed of a pair of electrodes 2, a separator 5, a conductive porous material 7, and a container 9. .
- the electrode 2 of each water treatment unit is connected using a switching circuit (not shown), and the charge charged between the electrodes 2a and 2b of the water treatment unit performing the desorption process is performed in the adsorption process.
- a voltage is applied between the electrodes 2a and 2b of the water treatment unit that starts the adsorption process, and it is used as electrical energy necessary for the desalting treatment.
- the conductive porous material is formed in a part of the same space as the space in which the conductive porous material 7 is disposed in the container 9.
- introducing a backwashing fluid into the electrode part in the container 9 from a direction different from the treated water W1, and causing the conductive porous material 7 to flow Since the particles of the porous material 7 are agitated and collide with other particles of the conductive porous material 7 or the electrode 2 or the separator 5, the scale and biofilm generated on the surface can be easily removed, It is possible to maintain the desalting efficiency.
- the desorption of ions adsorbed on the conductive porous material 7 is promoted, and the time required for the desorption step can be shortened compared to the conventional case. .
- the volume of the space 8 is set to an appropriate size, it is possible to suppress the outflow of the conductive porous material 7 during backwashing, and clogging of the conductive porous material 7 is eliminated by backwashing. . From these things, according to this Embodiment 1, the water treatment apparatus which can maintain easily and can maintain ion adsorption capability, ie, desalination efficiency, is obtained.
- it is configured to have a plurality of water treatment units, and electric power can be recovered by supplying electric charges charged in the water treatment unit that performs the desorption process to the water treatment unit that performs the adsorption process. It is possible to reduce the power consumption required for the operation.
- FIG. FIG. 5 is a diagram conceptually showing the main configuration of the water treatment apparatus according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a modification of the water treatment apparatus shown in FIG.
- the water treatment apparatus according to the second embodiment has a pair of electrodes 2 and a separator 5 arranged concentrically.
- the treated water introduction part is provided above the layer of the conductive porous material 7, and the conductive porous material 7, the treated water introduction part, Between these, a space for allowing the conductive porous material 7 to flow during backwashing is provided.
- the water treatment apparatus includes, as a pair of electrodes 2, a cylindrical electrode (electrode 2b) and a central electrode (electrode 2a) provided inside the cylindrical electrode and coaxial with the cylindrical electrode. ing.
- a cylindrical separator 5 coaxial with the cylindrical electrode is disposed between the cylindrical electrode and the center electrode.
- the center electrode and the cylindrical electrode are connected to the DC power source 4 by insulated wires via the electrode terminals 3a and 3b, respectively.
- a cylindrical container 9 is coaxially arranged outside the cylindrical electrode of the water treatment apparatus shown in FIG. 5, and the gap between the cylindrical electrode and the container 9 is also conductive.
- the porous material 7c is arranged.
- the container 9 is provided outside the cylindrical electrode, so that the insulation of the outer peripheral portion of the apparatus is maintained. Further, by disposing the conductive porous material 7 c between the cylindrical electrode and the container 9, the amount of the conductive porous material 7 held in the water treatment device 1 is increased, and the conductive porous material 7 is removed. The frequency of replenishment or replacement can be reduced. Since other configurations are the same as those in the first embodiment, description thereof is omitted.
- the central electrode, the separator 5 and the cylindrical electrode are arranged concentrically so that the cylindrical electrode is used as a part of the container 9. It can be used, and the assembly of a water treatment apparatus becomes easy. Moreover, since the electrode portion has an annular structure, it is difficult to form a dead water area as compared with a rectangular parallelepiped reaction tank, and desalting can be performed efficiently. Further, since the conductive porous material 7a in the vicinity of the rod-shaped center electrode is easily stirred by the backwashing fluid, the mixing property of the conductive porous material 7a is improved, and the electrode portion can be backwashed efficiently. .
- FIG. FIG. 7 is a perspective view which shows notionally the principal part structure in the horizontal cross section of the water treatment apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 3 of this invention.
- the water treatment apparatus according to the third embodiment includes two pairs of rod-shaped electrodes 2a, 2b, 2c, and 2d (collectively electrodes 2).
- the container 9 is divided into four spaces by two orthogonal separators 5a and 5b, and the electrodes 2 are arranged at equal intervals in each of the four spaces.
- the treated water introduction part is provided above the layer of the conductive porous material 7, and the conductive porous material 7, the treated water introduction part, Between these, a space for allowing the conductive porous material 7 to flow during backwashing is provided.
- the electrodes 2 are arranged at equal angles (90 °) in the circumferential direction inside the cylindrical container 9 so that the distance between them is uniform, and separators 5a and 5b partitioning each other between the electrodes 2 Are arranged radially to pass through the center.
- the electrodes 2a and 2c are connected to the positive electrode of the DC power supply 4 via electrode terminals 3a and 3c, and the electrodes 2b and 2d are connected to the negative electrode of the DC power supply 4 via electrode terminals 3b and 3d, respectively. Since other configurations are the same as those in the first embodiment, description thereof is omitted.
- the shape of the container 9 is not limited to a cylindrical shape, and may be arbitrarily configured, for example, a polygonal cylindrical shape, a cylindrical shape combining a curve and a straight line such as an arc, or a rectangular parallelepiped. can do.
- the electrodes 2a and 2b may be paired and the electrodes 2c and 2d may be another pair and operated as two independent water treatment units.
- the water to be treated in addition to the same effects as those of the first embodiment, by arranging two pairs of rod-shaped electrodes 2 in the cylindrical container 9 at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, the water to be treated can be obtained. It becomes easy to flow in the container 9. Moreover, ion is efficiently removed from to-be-processed water by arrange
- FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view conceptually showing the main configuration of a water treatment apparatus according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is a top view of the cross section indicated by AA in FIG. .
- the water treatment apparatus 1 according to the fourth embodiment is arranged in parallel with the three flat electrodes 2a, 2b, and 2c (collectively, the electrode 2) that are arranged in parallel with each other and at equal intervals. Two separators 5a and 5b are provided.
- the electrode 2b arranged in the center is a common electrode and has a polarity different from that of the electrodes 2a and 2c on both sides. That is, two desalination processing parts are configured by using the central electrode 2b as a common electrode.
- the electrodes 2a and 2c are connected to the positive electrode of the DC power supply 4 through the electrode terminals 3a and 3c, and the electrode 2b is connected to the negative electrode of the DC power supply 4 through the electrode terminal 3b.
- Each electrode 2 and the DC power supply 4 may be connected through the space 8 or may be connected through the side surface of the container 9.
- a gap between each electrode 2 and the separators 5a and 5b is filled with a predetermined amount of conductive porous material 7a, 7b, 7c and 7d (collectively conductive porous material 7).
- a layer is formed.
- the water to be treated introduction portion 9a is provided above the layer of the conductive porous material 7, and between the conductive porous material 7 and the water to be treated introduction portion 9a, A space 8 for flowing the conductive porous material 7 during backwashing is provided.
- backwashing fluid introduction pipes 16 a, 16 b, 16 c and 16 d are connected to the lower part of the side surface of the container 9. ing.
- a lower space 18 is provided below the holding body 6 holding the conductive porous material 7. Since other configurations are the same as those in the first embodiment, description thereof is omitted.
- the three flat electrodes 2 and the two separators 5a and 5b are arranged at equal intervals, and the central electrode 2b is shared. Since the two desalting treatment parts are configured as the electrodes, the electrode parts can be miniaturized and the installation space can be saved.
- the layer of the conductive porous material 7 flows non-uniformly and adheres to the layer of the conductive porous material 7. Etc. are easily removed. Further, since the lower space 18 is provided in the lower part of the holding body 6, when the backwashing fluid is introduced into the electrode part at the time of backwashing, the electrode part is raised with the backwashing fluid being filled in the lower space 18. For this reason, the backwash fluid easily flows through the electrode portion evenly.
- FIG. 10 is a conceptual diagram showing a configuration of a front-stage water treatment unit of a water treatment apparatus according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention
- FIG. 11 is a rear-stage water treatment unit connected to the water treatment unit shown in FIG. It is a conceptual diagram which shows a structure.
- the water treatment apparatus according to Embodiment 5 includes a plurality of water treatment units 10a and 10b including a pair of electrodes 2, a separator 5, a conductive porous material 7, and a container 9, and are connected in series. .
- Each water treatment unit 10a, 10b is provided with a treated water introduction part 9a above the layer of the conductive porous material 7, and backwashing is performed between the conductive porous material 7 and the treated water introduction part 9a.
- a space 8 is sometimes provided for flowing the conductive porous material 7.
- the water to be treated W1 is introduced into the conductive porous materials 7a and 7b via the water to be treated introduction pipes 12a and 12b, respectively.
- the on-off valves 27a, 27b, and 27c are kept open.
- the treated water treated with the positive electrode side conductive porous material 7a and the treated water treated with the negative electrode side conductive porous material 7b are collected separately, and in the latter water treatment unit 10b, the former water treatment unit is collected. It is introduced so as to be treated with conductive porous materials 7b and 7a having a polarity opposite to that of 10a.
- the treated water treated with the conductive porous material 7a on the positive electrode side of the water treatment unit 10a in the previous stage passes through the desalted water discharge pipe 26a, and the conductive porous material 7b on the negative electrode side of the water treatment unit 10b in the subsequent stage.
- the treated water treated with the negative electrode side conductive porous material 7b of the front-stage water treatment unit 10a passes through the desalted water discharge pipe 26b, and the positive-electrode side conductive porous material 7a of the latter-stage water treatment unit 10b.
- the treated water treated with the negative electrode side conductive porous material 7b of the front-stage water treatment unit 10a passes through the desalted water discharge pipe 26b, and the positive-electrode side conductive porous material 7a of the latter-stage water treatment unit 10b.
- the to-be-processed water introduction piping 12a and 12b may be the structure which does not branch, or is good also as a structure branched to two or more.
- the backwash fluid introduction pipes 16a and 16b are connected to the water treatment unit 10a side rather than the on-off valves 27a and 27b of the demineralized water discharge pipes 26a and 26b of the preceding water treatment unit 10a. Further, the backwashing fluid introduction pipe 16c is connected to the water treatment unit 10b side rather than the on-off valve 27c of the pipe joined by the desalted water discharge pipes 26c and 26d of the subsequent water treatment unit 10b.
- the backwash fluid discharge pipes 19a, 19b, and 19c are connected to the treated water introduction pipe 12 in the front-stage water treatment unit 10a and to the desalted water discharge pipes 26a and 26b in the rear-stage water treatment unit 10b, respectively.
- backwash fluid discharge pipes 19b and 19c of the water treatment unit 10b are connected to the water treatment unit 10b side with respect to the on-off valves 27a and 27b of the desalted water discharge pipes 26a and 26b, respectively.
- the backwash fluid discharge pipe 19 may be directly connected to the container 9 above the space 8 in the front-stage water treatment unit 10a and the rear-stage water treatment unit 10b.
- the backwash water W3 which is the backwash fluid
- the backwash fluid introduction means (not shown) with the on-off valves 27a and 27b closed. It introduce
- the backwash water W3 is discharged from the backwash fluid discharge pipe 19a through the water to be treated introduction pipes 12a and 12b after flowing the conductive porous material 7 of the electrode portion.
- the backwashing fluid W3 which is the backwashing fluid, is returned to the backwashing fluid by the backwashing fluid introduction means (not shown) with the on-off valve 27c closed. It introduce
- the backwash water W3 is discharged from the backwash fluid discharge pipes 19b and 19c through the desalted water discharge pipes 26a and 26b after flowing the conductive porous material 7 of the electrode portion.
- the desalted water discharge pipes 26a and 26b disposed between the front-stage water treatment unit 10a and the rear-stage water treatment unit 10b are provided with on-off valves 27a and 27b, backwash fluid introduction pipes 16a and 16b, and backwash water. It is good also as a structure which does not arrange
- the backwashing fluid introduced into the latter-stage water treatment unit 10b is introduced into the former-stage water treatment unit 10a via the desalted water discharge pipes 26a, 26b, and via the treated water introduction pipes 12a, 12b. It is discharged from the backwash fluid discharge pipe 19a.
- the piping of the apparatus can be simplified and the amount of backwash fluid can be reduced.
- the demineralized water discharge pipes 26 a and 26 b connected to the preceding water treatment unit 10 a are crossed, so that the reverse polarity with respect to the latter water treatment unit 10 b is reversed.
- the desalted water discharge pipes 26a and 26b are not crossed and the polarity of the electrode 2 of the downstream water treatment unit 10b is the same as that of the upstream water treatment unit 10a.
- the electrode 2 may be arranged so as to be reversed right and left.
- a plurality of water treatment units are connected in series and are treated with the conductive porous material 7a on the positive electrode side of the preceding water treatment unit.
- the treated water and the treated water treated with the conductive porous material 7b on the negative electrode side are collected separately, and the conductive porous material 7 having the opposite polarity to the former water treatment unit 10b is obtained. Since ions are supplied, ions can be efficiently removed.
- FIG. FIG. 12 is a diagram schematically showing the overall configuration of a water treatment apparatus according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention
- FIGS. 13 and 14 conceptually show the main configuration of the water treatment apparatus according to Embodiment 6. They are a perspective view and a horizontal sectional view shown in FIG.
- the water treatment apparatus according to the sixth embodiment includes a first sensor 51a, a second sensor 51b, and a second sensor 51b that detect ion concentrations of the water to be treated W1, the treated water W2, and the backwashed water W3 after backwashing, respectively.
- the third sensor 51c (collectively referred to as sensor 51) and the detection results obtained by these sensors 51 are acquired, and the first valve 52a, the second valve 52b, and the third valve 52c (collectively referred to as valve 52). And a controller 53 for controlling voltage application between the electrodes 2a and 2b.
- the treated water introduction pipe 12 is provided with a first sensor 51a and a first valve 52a.
- the first valve 52a has a flow path for introducing the treated water W1 into the container 9 via the treated water introduction pipe 12 and the backwash water W3 after backwashing via the backwash fluid discharge pipe 19 9 is a switching valve that selects any one of the flow paths that discharge from the fuel tank 9.
- the desalted water discharge pipe 14 is provided with a second valve 52b and a second sensor 51b, and the backwash fluid introduction pipe 16 is provided with a third valve 52c.
- the backwash fluid introduction pipe 16 is connected to the desalted water tank 15, but may be connected to the container 9 side of the second valve 52 b of the desalted water discharge pipe 14.
- a flow path switching valve may be used as the second valve 52b, and the backwashing fluid introduction pipe 16 may be directly connected to the second valve 52b to omit the third valve 52c.
- the connection location of the backwashing fluid discharge pipe 19 may be a location different from the treated water introduction part 9a, and an on-off valve may be installed in each location.
- the control unit 53 is connected to the treated water introducing means 13, the sensor 51, the valve 52, the backwashing fluid introducing means 17, and the DC power supply 4 via the control cable 54.
- the controller 53 determines the ion removal rate by the conductive porous material 7 from the ion concentrations of the water to be treated W1 and the water W2 detected by the first sensor 51a and the second sensor 51b, respectively.
- Ask. In the desorption process, the control unit 53 obtains the ion desorption rate of the conductive porous material 7 from the ion concentration of the backwash water W3 detected by the third sensor 51c.
- the sensor 51 is, for example, an ion concentration measuring device using an ion electrode, and may detect the concentration of a specific metal ion depending on the purpose. Further, the sensor 51 may include a plurality of sensors such as a sensor that detects water quality such as residual chlorine, residual agricultural chemicals, and organic matter concentration, and a sensor that detects a flow rate.
- both the electrode 2 and the separator 5 are arranged in the vertical direction, and the conductive porous material 7 is arranged such that the uppermost part is higher than the electrode 2 and lower than the separator 5.
- the conductive porous material 7 is arranged such that the uppermost part is higher than the electrode 2 and lower than the separator 5.
- each of the pair of electrodes 2 has a cross-sectional shape having a U-shaped concave portion, and a part of the other electrode 2b is disposed inside the concave portion of one electrode 2a.
- the separator 5 is disposed in a bag shape around the electrode 2 and prevents the conductive porous material 7 disposed on the positive electrode side and the negative electrode side from contacting and short-circuiting. Since other configurations are the same as those in the first embodiment, description thereof is omitted.
- step S1 a voltage is applied between the electrodes 2a and 2b by the DC power source 4. Subsequently, in step S2, the first valve 52a is opened in the direction of the treated water introduction pipe 12, the treated water introduction pipe 12 is opened, the second valve 52b is opened, and the desalted water discharge pipe 14 is opened. . Subsequently, in step S3, the first sensor 51a and the second sensor 51b are turned on.
- step S4 the treated water introduction means 13 is turned on, and the treated water W1 stored in the treated water tank 11 is transferred from the treated water introduction part 9a to the electrode part via the treated water introduction pipe 12. Introduced and desalted.
- the desalting treatment an electric double layer is formed in the electrode portion, and ions in the water to be treated W1 are adsorbed by the conductive porous material 7.
- the desalted treated water W ⁇ b> 2 is discharged from the lower part of the container 9 through the desalted water discharge pipe 14 and stored in the desalted water tank 15.
- step S5 the first sensor 51a and the second sensor 51b detect the ion concentrations of the water to be treated W1 and the water to be treated W2, respectively, and based on these ion concentrations, the material to be treated by the conductive porous material 7 is treated.
- the ion removal rate of the water W1 is calculated.
- step S6 when the ion removal rate is equal to or higher than a predetermined value (YES), the adsorption step of step S5 is continued.
- step S6 when the ion removal rate is smaller than the predetermined value (NO), it is determined that the ion adsorption capacity of the conductive porous material 7 is lowered, and the process proceeds to step S7.
- step S7 the treated water introduction means 13 is turned off to stop the introduction of the treated water W1 to the electrode section, and in step S8, the first valve 52a and the second valve 52b are closed. Subsequently, voltage application to the electrode 2 is stopped in step S9, and the charge charged between the electrodes 2a and 2b in step S10, that is, the charge accumulated in the conductive porous material 7 is discharged.
- step S11 the first valve 52a is opened in the direction of the backwashing fluid discharge pipe 19, the backwashing fluid discharge pipe 19 is opened, the third valve 52c is opened, and the backwashing fluid introduction pipe is opened. 16 is opened.
- step S12 the third sensor 51c is turned on, in step S13, the backwashing fluid introduction means 17 is turned on, and the backwashing fluid is introduced from the backwashing fluid introduction unit 9b to the electrode unit, Back washing is performed together with the desorption step.
- step S14 the ion concentration of the backwash water W3 after backwashing is detected by the third sensor 51c, and the ion desorption rate of the conductive porous material 7 is calculated based on this ion concentration.
- step S15 when the ion desorption rate is smaller than the predetermined value (NO), the desorption process is continued.
- step S15 if the ion desorption rate is equal to or higher than the predetermined value (YES), it is determined that the ion adsorption capacity of the conductive porous material 7 has been recovered, and the process proceeds to step S16.
- step S16 the backwashing fluid introduction means 17 is turned off to stop the introduction of the backwashing fluid to the electrode portion, and then in step S17, the third sensor 51c is turned off. Further, in step S18, the first valve 52a and the third valve 52c are closed. Thereafter, in step S19, it is determined whether or not to continue the desalting process, and if it is determined to continue (YES), the process returns to step S1. If it is determined in step S19 that the desalting process is not continued (NO), the process is terminated.
- step S19 the necessity of continuing the desalting treatment may be determined from the amount of the treated water W1 in the treated water tank 11. In that case, when the to-be-processed water W1 more than predetermined amount is stored in the to-be-processed water tank 11, a desalination process is continued. Or you may make it switch an adsorption
- the electrode 2 is arranged by arranging the uppermost part of the conductive porous material 7 to be higher than the electrode 2.
- the conductive porous material 7A in the region can remove ions
- the conductive porous material 7B in the region where the electrode 2 is not disposed can remove the organic matter, so that the ions and the organic matter can be removed simultaneously.
- the ion concentration of the treated water W1, the treated water W2, and the backwash water W3 after backwashing is detected by the sensor 51, and the ion removal rate and ion desorption rate of the conductive porous material 7 are obtained. Therefore, in the adsorption process, it is possible to switch to the desorption process when the ion adsorption capacity of the conductive porous material 7 is reduced, and in the desorption process, when the ion adsorption capacity of the conductive porous material 7 is sufficiently recovered. The adsorption process can be switched. It should be noted that the present invention can be freely combined with each other within the scope of the invention, and each embodiment can be appropriately modified or omitted.
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Abstract
Description
また、本発明に係る水処理方法によれば、容器内の導電性多孔質材が配置された空間と同じ空間の一部に導電性多孔質材が配置されていない空間を設け、脱離工程において、被処理水とは異なる方向から逆洗用流体を容器内に導入し導電性多孔質材を流動させることにより、導電性多孔質材の粒子が攪拌され、導電性多孔質材の他の粒子または電極またはセパレータに衝突するので、それらの表面に発生したスケール及びバイオフィルムを容易に除去することができ、脱塩効率を維持することが可能である。
この発明の上記以外の目的、特徴、観点及び効果は、図面を参照する以下のこの発明の詳細な説明から、さらに明らかになるであろう。
以下に、本発明の実施の形態1に係る水処理装置について、図面に基づいて説明する。図1は、本実施の形態1に係る水処理装置の要部構成を概念的に示す図、図2は図1に示す水処理装置の水平断面における要部構成を概念的に示す斜視図、図3は図1に示す水処理装置の全体構成を示す概略図、及び図4は図1に示す水処理装置を用いた水処理システムの例を示す図である。なお、全ての図において、同一または相当する部分には同一符号を付している。
図5は、本発明の実施の形態2に係る水処理装置の要部構成を概念的に示す図であり、図6は、図5に示す水処理装置の変形例を示す図である。本実施の形態2に係る水処理装置は、一対の電極2及びセパレータ5を、同心円状に配置したものである。本実施の形態2においても、上記実施の形態1と同様に、導電性多孔質材7の層の上方に被処理水導入部が設けられ、導電性多孔質材7と被処理水導入部との間に、逆洗時に導電性多孔質材7を流動させるための空間が設けられる。
図7は、本発明の実施の形態3に係る水処理装置の水平断面における要部構成を概念的に示す斜視図である。本実施の形態3に係る水処理装置は、二対の棒状の電極2a、2b、2c、2d(総称して電極2)を備えている。容器9は、直交する二つのセパレータ5a、5bによって四つの空間に区切られ、各電極2は、それら四つの空間のそれぞれに互いに等間隔に配置されている。本実施の形態3においても、上記実施の形態1と同様に、導電性多孔質材7の層の上方に被処理水導入部が設けられ、導電性多孔質材7と被処理水導入部との間に、逆洗時に導電性多孔質材7を流動させるための空間が設けられる。
図8は、本発明の実施の形態4に係る水処理装置の要部構成を概念的に示す断面図、図9は、図8中、A-Aで示す断面を上から見た図である。本実施の形態4に係る水処理装置1は、互いに平行且つ等間隔に配置された三つの平板状の電極2a、2b、2c(総称して電極2)と、電極2と平行に配置された二つのセパレータ5a、5bを備えている。
図10は、本発明の実施の形態5に係る水処理装置の前段の水処理ユニットの構成を示す概念図、図11は、図10に示す水処理ユニットに接続される後段の水処理ユニットの構成を示す概念図である。本実施の形態5に係る水処理装置は、一対の電極2、セパレータ5、導電性多孔質材7、及び容器9を含む水処理ユニット10a、10bを複数基備え、直列に接続したものである。
図12は、本発明の実施の形態6に係る水処理装置の全体構成を概略的に示す図、図13及び図14は、本実施の形態6に係る水処理装置の要部構成を概念的に示す斜視図及び水平断面図である。本実施の形態6に係る水処理装置は、被処理水W1、処理水W2、及び逆洗後の逆洗水W3のイオン濃度をそれぞれ検出する第1のセンサ51a、第2のセンサ51b、及び第3のセンサ51c(総称してセンサ51)と、これらのセンサ51による検出結果を取得し、第1の弁52a、第2の弁52b、及び第3の弁52c(総称して弁52)の開閉及び電極2a、2b間への電圧印加を制御する制御部53を備えている。
Claims (17)
- 互いに離間して対向配置された少なくとも一対の電極と、
前記一対の電極の間に設けられた電気絶縁性で透水性のセパレータと、
前記電極及び前記セパレータを収容する電気絶縁性の容器と、
前記セパレータによって区切られた前記容器内の複数の空間にそれぞれ配置された流動性を有する導電性多孔質材とを備え、
前記容器は、前記容器内に被処理水を導入する被処理水導入部と、被処理水とは異なる方向から前記容器内に逆洗用流体を導入する逆洗用流体導入部とを有すると共に、前記導電性多孔質材が配置された前記空間と同じ空間の一部に、前記導電性多孔質材が配置されていない空間を有することを特徴とする水処理装置。 - 前記容器は、前記導電性多孔質材が配置されていない前記空間を、前記導電性多孔質材と前記被処理水導入部との間に有することを特徴とする請求項1記載の水処理装置。
- 前記被処理水導入部に接続された被処理水導入配管と、
被処理水を処理した後の処理水を前記容器から排出する脱塩水排出配管と、
逆洗用流体導入部に接続された逆洗用流体導入配管と、
逆洗用流体を前記容器から排出する逆洗用流体排出配管と、
前記被処理水導入配管、前記脱塩水排出配管、前記逆洗用流体導入配管、及び前記逆洗用流体排出配管にそれぞれ設けられた弁と、
少なくとも被処理水、処理水、及び逆洗後の逆洗用流体のイオン濃度をそれぞれ検出する複数のセンサと、
前記センサにより検出されたイオン濃度を用いて前記導電性多孔質材による被処理水のイオン除去率と前記導電性多孔質材のイオン脱離率を算出し、算出されたイオン除去率及びイオン脱離率に基づいて前記弁の開閉及び前記電極間への電圧印加を制御する制御部とを備えたことを特徴とする請求項1または請求項2に記載の水処理装置。 - 前記容器の内部に前記導電性多孔質材を保持する透水性の保持体が設けられ、前記保持体と前記容器の底部との間に、逆洗用流体を溜めるための空間を有することを特徴とする請求項1から請求項3のいずれか一項に記載の水処理装置。
- 前記導電性多孔質材は、粒状活性炭であることを特徴とする請求項1から請求項4のいずれか一項に記載の水処理装置。
- 前記電極及び前記セパレータはいずれも鉛直方向に配設され、前記導電性多孔質材は、その最上部が前記電極よりも高く且つ前記セパレータよりも低くなるように配置されたことを特徴とする請求項1から請求項5のいずれか一項に記載の水処理装置。
- 前記一対の電極の各々は、半円状の断面形状を有し、互いの凹部が対向するように配置され、平板状の前記セパレータを介して一体に形成されていることを特徴とする請求項1から請求項6のいずれか一項に記載の水処理装置。
- 前記一対の電極として、円筒状電極と、前記円筒状電極の内側に設けられ前記円筒状電極と同軸の中心電極とを備え、前記円筒状電極と前記中心電極の間に、前記円筒状電極と同軸の円筒状の前記セパレータが設けられたことを特徴とする請求項1から請求項6のいずれか一項に記載の水処理装置。
- 前記容器は、前記円筒状電極と同軸の円筒状であり、前記容器と前記円筒状電極の間に導電性多孔質材が配置されたことを特徴とする請求項8記載の水処理装置。
- 前記電極として二対の棒状電極を備え、前記容器は、直交する二つの前記セパレータによって四つの空間に区切られ、前記棒状電極は、前記四つの空間のそれぞれに互いに等間隔に設けられたことを特徴とする請求項1から請求項6のいずれか一項に記載の水処理装置。
- 前記電極として互いに平行且つ等間隔に配置された三つの平板状電極を備え、中央に配置された前記平板状電極は共通電極であり、両側の前記平板状電極と異なる極性であることを特徴とする請求項1から請求項6のいずれか一項に記載の水処理装置。
- 前記一対の電極の各々は、凹部を有する断面形状であり、一方の前記電極の凹部の中に他方の前記電極の一部が配置されたことを特徴とする請求項1から請求項6のいずれか一項に記載の水処理装置。
- 前記一対の電極、前記セパレータ、前記導電性多孔質材、及び前記容器を含む水処理ユニットを複数基備え、各々の前記水処理ユニットの前記電極が切替回路を介して互いに接続され、いずれか一基の前記水処理ユニットに充電された電荷は、前記切替回路を介して他の前記水処理ユニットに給電されることを特徴とする請求項1から請求項12のいずれか一項に記載の水処理装置。
- 前記一対の電極、前記セパレータ、前記導電性多孔質材、及び前記容器を含む水処理ユニットが複数基直列に接続され、前段の前記水処理ユニットの正極側の前記導電性多孔質材で処理された処理水と負極側の前記導電性多孔質材で処理された処理水は分けて回収され、後段の前記水処理ユニットにおいては前段の前記水処理ユニットとは逆の極性の前記導電性多孔質材で処理されるように導入されることを特徴とする請求項1から請求項13のいずれか一項に記載の水処理装置。
- 電気絶縁性の容器に収納された少なくとも一対の電極の間に電気絶縁性で透水性のセパレータを設け、前記セパレータによって区切られた前記容器内の複数の空間に流動性を有する導電性多孔質材を配置すると共に、前記導電性多孔質材が配置された前記空間と同じ空間の一部に、前記導電性多孔質材が配置されていない空間を有するようにし、前記電極間に電圧を印加した状態で前記容器内に被処理水を導入し被処理水中に含まれるイオンを前記導電性多孔質材に吸着させる吸着工程と、前記電極間に溜まった電荷を放電させ前記導電性多孔質材に吸着されたイオンを脱離させる脱離工程とを交互に行う水処理方法であって、前記脱離工程において、被処理水とは異なる方向から逆洗用流体を前記容器内に導入し、前記導電性多孔質材を流動させることを特徴とする水処理方法。
- 前記吸着工程において、被処理水と、被処理水を処理した後の処理水のイオン濃度をそれぞれ検出し、これらのイオン濃度に基づいて前記導電性多孔質材による被処理水のイオン除去率を求め、イオン除去率が所定値以上の場合には前記吸着工程を継続し、イオン除去率が所定値よりも小さい場合には前記脱離工程に切り替えることを特徴とする請求項15記載の水処理方法。
- 前記脱離工程において、逆洗後の逆洗用流体のイオン濃度を検出し、このイオン濃度に基づいて前記導電性多孔質材のイオン脱離率を求め、イオン脱離率が所定値より小さい場合には前記脱離工程を継続し、イオン脱離率が所定値以上の場合には前記吸着工程に切り替えることを特徴とする請求項15または請求項16に記載の水処理方法。
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WO2018083849A1 (ja) * | 2016-11-02 | 2018-05-11 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 水処理装置及び水処理方法 |
JP2022521401A (ja) * | 2019-02-20 | 2022-04-07 | ボード オブ トラスティーズ オブ ミシガン ステート ユニバーシティ | 流体中の分極分子を除去するための非一様な電場を作り出すための電極装置 |
CN115636482A (zh) * | 2022-10-20 | 2023-01-24 | 西安西热水务环保有限公司 | 一种静电水处理装置 |
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CN112566712A (zh) * | 2018-08-23 | 2021-03-26 | 寿控股有限公司 | 水处理装置及离子浓度调节水的制造方法 |
US11554972B2 (en) * | 2019-06-10 | 2023-01-17 | H2oElite LLC | Treating water using a non-uniform magnetic field |
CN110771688A (zh) * | 2019-11-06 | 2020-02-11 | 江阴国能绿地新能源科技有限公司 | 一种用于制作豆制品的供热系统 |
DE102019217482A1 (de) * | 2019-11-13 | 2021-05-20 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Verfahren zum kapazitiven Deionisieren von Wasser |
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