WO2017122517A1 - Refrigeration cycle device and heat cycle system - Google Patents
Refrigeration cycle device and heat cycle system Download PDFInfo
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- WO2017122517A1 WO2017122517A1 PCT/JP2016/088446 JP2016088446W WO2017122517A1 WO 2017122517 A1 WO2017122517 A1 WO 2017122517A1 JP 2016088446 W JP2016088446 W JP 2016088446W WO 2017122517 A1 WO2017122517 A1 WO 2017122517A1
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- hfo
- working medium
- refrigeration cycle
- hfc
- mass
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B1/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B43/00—Arrangements for separating or purifying gases or liquids; Arrangements for vaporising the residuum of liquid refrigerant, e.g. by heat
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B47/00—Arrangements for preventing or removing deposits or corrosion, not provided for in another subclass
- F25B47/003—Arrangements for preventing or removing deposits or corrosion, not provided for in another subclass for preventing corrosion
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F25B49/02—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
- F25B49/027—Condenser control arrangements
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
- F25B9/002—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
- F25B9/002—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant
- F25B9/008—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant the refrigerant being carbon dioxide
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
- F25B2313/027—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for characterised by the reversing means
- F25B2313/02741—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for characterised by the reversing means using one four-way valve
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
- F25B2400/12—Inflammable refrigerants
- F25B2400/121—Inflammable refrigerants using R1234
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2600/00—Control issues
- F25B2600/02—Compressor control
- F25B2600/021—Inverters therefor
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a refrigeration cycle apparatus and a thermal cycle system.
- a cooling compressor filled with refrigeration oil a first heat exchanger, a refrigerant flow control unit such as a capillary tube and an expansion valve, and a second heat installed in a space where refrigeration air conditioning is performed.
- a refrigeration cycle is configured by connecting an exchanger and an accumulator with piping, and a single working medium of hydrofluoroolefin (HFO) or a mixed working medium mainly composed of hydrofluoroolefin is enclosed in a refrigerant cycle, and a cooling cycle
- a cooling cycle device including an adsorber filled with an adsorbent that adsorbs a substance mainly containing hydrofluoric acid (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
- a refrigeration system that circulates a working medium mixed with hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) that does not have a double bond, with hydrofluoroolefin having a double bond between carbon as a base component, condensed from the compressor
- HFC hydrofluorocarbon
- a working medium circulation path through which the working medium circulates, and a hydrogen fluoride scavenging section that is disposed in the working medium circulation path and contains a hydrogen fluoride scavenger The thing provided with the structure provided is known (for example, refer patent document 2).
- hydrofluoroolefin is used as the working medium.
- hydrofluoric acid is generated during the cooling cycle or refrigeration cycle, and hydrofluoric acid degrades the parts used.
- Patent Documents 1 and 2 the generated hydrofluoric acid is removed. This prevents the deterioration of the parts used in the cooling cycle or the refrigeration cycle.
- HFO has the property of self-decomposing when there is an ignition source at high temperature or high pressure.
- HFO is responsive to the reactivity of the apparatus, for example, the temperature of the environment of use, oxygen, etc. Countermeasures need to be taken because there is a risk of reaction depending on conditions and the presence of ignition sources.
- the present invention is a refrigeration cycle apparatus and thermal cycle system using HFO as a working medium, even when HFO is used by removing water and oxygen from the cycle and suppressing the generation of sludge.
- the purpose is to provide a heat cycle system that can be operated safely.
- a refrigeration cycle apparatus uses a working medium containing HFO to form a refrigeration cycle by connecting a compressor, a condenser, a decompression mechanism, and an evaporator with piping.
- a refrigeration cycle apparatus, A deoxygenation part for bringing the refrigerant into contact with a desiccant or a deoxidant is provided at any location in the refrigeration cycle.
- the thermal cycle system according to another aspect of the present invention is equipped with the refrigeration cycle apparatus.
- sludge generation in the refrigeration cycle is suppressed, and even when a working medium containing HFO is used, it can be operated safely.
- FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram illustrating an example of a refrigeration cycle apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is the figure which showed an example of the deoxidation part of the refrigerating-cycle apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is the figure which showed an example of the deoxidation part of a structure different from FIG. It is the figure which showed an example of the deoxidation part of a structure different from FIG.2 and FIG.3. It is the figure which showed the air conditioning apparatus which is an example of the thermal cycle system which concerns on embodiment of this invention.
- FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram showing an example of a refrigeration cycle apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the refrigeration cycle apparatus according to the present embodiment includes a compressor 10, a condenser 20, a decompression mechanism 30, an evaporator 40, a deoxygenation unit 50, and a pipe 60.
- the compressor 10, the condenser 20, the pressure reduction mechanism 30, the evaporator 40, and the deoxygenation part 50 are connected cyclically
- a working medium containing HFO is used as the working medium.
- the refrigeration cycle apparatus has a configuration that suppresses the generation of such sludge. The specific contents will be described below.
- the compressor 10 compresses a low-temperature, low-pressure gaseous working medium and plays a role as a high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous working medium.
- the gaseous working medium that has reached a high temperature and a high pressure is sent to the condenser 20.
- the condenser 20 plays a role of condensing a high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous working medium sent from the compressor 10 to form a liquid working medium.
- the liquid working medium is sent to the deoxygenation unit 50.
- the heat of the gaseous working medium is radiated into the air.
- the deoxygenation unit 50 serves to remove oxygen from the working medium.
- oxygen means an oxygen component, that is, an O component, and includes oxygen component O contained in water H 2 O in addition to oxygen O 2 .
- the deoxygenation part 50 has a desiccant or a deoxygenating agent inside, makes the working medium which passes the inside of the deoxygenating part 50 contact a desiccant or a deoxidizing agent, and removes an oxygen component from a working medium. Thereby, it can suppress that sludge generate
- the deoxygenation unit 50 may be provided at any location in the refrigeration cycle. This is because it is possible to remove the oxygen component from the working medium at any location. However, in consideration of the efficiency of oxygen removal, it is preferably provided between the condenser 20 and the decompression mechanism 30. This is because the working medium is in the state of a liquid working medium between the condenser 20 and the pressure reducing mechanism 30, and the working medium can be efficiently brought into contact with the desiccant or oxygen scavenger. That is, in the state of the gaseous working medium, since the working medium is diffused, even if a desiccant or a deoxygenating agent is provided in the deoxidizing part 50, the working medium reliably contacts the desiccant or the deoxidizing agent. However, in the state of the liquid working medium, if a desiccant or oxygen scavenger is provided in the flow path, there is a high possibility that the working medium will reliably contact the desiccant or oxygen scavenger. .
- the decompression mechanism 30 serves to convert the liquid refrigerant sent directly from the condenser 20 through the deoxygenation unit 50 into low-temperature, low-pressure wet steam. As a result, the liquid working medium is converted back into a gaseous working medium.
- the decompression mechanism 30 may be called the expansion mechanism 30 because the working medium is expanded by reducing the pressure.
- the evaporator 40 plays a role of evaporating the low-temperature and low-pressure wet steam refrigerant gas sent from the decompression mechanism 30 to form a low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous working medium. Note that the gaseous working medium is evaporated by absorbing heat from the surroundings in the evaporator 40.
- the low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous working medium sent from the evaporator 40 is sucked into the compressor 10 and compressed to become a high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous working medium again.
- the basic refrigeration cycle is performed by circulating refrigerant through the compressor 10, the condenser 20, the decompression mechanism 30, and the evaporator 40, and the deoxygenation unit 50 removes oxygen components generated in the refrigeration cycle. It plays the role of removing and suppressing the generation of sludge in the refrigeration cycle. Therefore, the deoxygenation unit 50 can be installed at any location in the refrigeration cycle.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of the deoxygenation unit 50 of the refrigeration cycle apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- the oxygen absorber 50 includes a tubular member 51, an inlet 52, an outlet 53, an inlet-side flow surface 54, an outlet-side flow surface 55, and an oxygen scavenger holding unit 56. And an oxygen scavenger 57.
- the tubular member 51 is a tubular member that forms the outer shape of the deoxidation part 50, is connected to the pipe 60, and is configured to form part of the flow path of the refrigeration cycle.
- the inlet 52 and the outlet 53 are refrigerant inlets and outlets and are both ends connected to the pipe 60. That is, the inlet 52 and the outlet 53 of the deoxygenation unit 50 are connected in series to the pipe 60, and the deoxygenation unit 50 constitutes a part of the flow path of the refrigeration cycle.
- the inlet-side flow surface 54 and the outlet-side flow surface 55 are a pair of surfaces configured to allow the working medium to flow, and are provided to be joined to the inner peripheral surface of the tubular member 51.
- the inlet-side flow surface 54 and the outlet-side flow surface 55 have a shape that allows the working medium to flow, and are configured to have openings in a mesh shape such as a mesh shape or a lattice shape.
- the space between the inlet-side flow surface 54 and the outlet-side flow surface 55 is configured as an oxygen scavenger holding unit 56.
- the oxygen scavenger holding unit 56 is a region that holds the oxygen scavenger 57. Therefore, the opening forming the mesh of the inlet side flow surface 54 and the outlet side flow surface 55 is larger than the particle size of the oxygen absorber 57 so that the oxygen absorber 57 can be held in the region inside the oxygen absorber holding portion 55.
- the oxygen scavenger 57 is a particulate medicine for removing oxygen in the refrigerant.
- various oxygen scavengers 57 can be used as long as oxygen in the refrigerant can be removed.
- oxygen scavenger 57 for example, iron powder may be used.
- the oxygen scavenger 57 may use a desiccant.
- desiccant various desiccants can be used as long as water in the refrigerant can be removed.
- desiccant for example, anhydrous calcium sulfide, calcium chloride, barium oxide, phosphorus pentoxide, activated alumina, silica gel, and molecular sieves can be used.
- the oxygen scavenger holding unit 56 becomes the desiccant holding unit 56.
- the oxygen scavenger holding unit 56 and the desiccant holding unit 56 may be collectively referred to as a drug holding unit 56.
- a hydrogen fluoride scavenger that removes hydrogen fluoride in the working medium may be used. Any hydrogen fluoride scavenger may be used as long as it reacts with hydrogen fluoride, but the byproduct of the hydrogen fluoride scavenging reaction is less likely to adversely affect the refrigeration cycle. Is preferred. Among these, it is preferable to use one or a combination of calcium carbonate, calcium oxide and calcium hydroxide that does not react with hydrogen fluoride to cause a reverse reaction.
- the inlet-side flow surface 54 and the outlet-side flow surface 55 are configured in a mesh shape, and if the working medium can be passed, a permeable member that allows the working medium to pass therethrough, a fiber structure, or the like. There may be.
- FIG. 3 is a view showing an example of the deoxidation part 50a having a configuration different from that in FIG.
- the deoxygenation part 50a is the same as the deoxygenation part 50 according to FIG. 2 in that it includes a tubular member 51, an inlet 52, an outlet 53, an inlet-side flow surface 54, and a deoxygenating agent 57. It differs from the deoxidation part 50 which concerns on FIG. 2 by the point which does not have the surface 55 but has the bag-shaped deoxidation agent holding part 56a.
- the oxygen scavenger holding part 56a may be configured in a bag shape and the oxygen scavenger 57 may be held in the bag. In this case, the oxygen scavenger holding part 56a may have a cloth shape or a mesh shape.
- FIG. 3 shows an example in which the outlet-side flow surface 55 is not provided.
- the outlet-side flow surface 55 may be further provided in the configuration of FIG.
- oxygen scavenger 57 may be used as the desiccant, as described with reference to FIGS.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of the deoxygenation unit 50b having a configuration different from those in FIGS.
- the oxygen scavenging part 50b is the same as the oxygen scavenging part 50 according to FIG. 2 in that it includes the inlet 52, the outlet 53, the oxygen scavenger holding part 56, and the oxygen scavenger 57, but the tubular member 51a and the inlet side passage are provided.
- the structures of the flow surface 54a and the outlet-side flow surface 55a are different from those of the deoxygenation unit 50 according to FIG. Moreover, it differs from the deoxidation part 50 which concerns on FIG. 2 also in the point in which the strainer mesh 58 was newly provided in the tubular member 51a.
- the tubular member 51a has an upstream tubular member 51b and a downstream tubular member 51c having different tube diameters.
- the upstream tubular member 51b has a larger pipe diameter than the downstream tubular member 51c.
- the downstream end of the upstream tubular member 51b and the upstream end of the downstream tubular member 51c are connected to form the tubular member 51a integrally.
- the downstream tubular member 51c is provided with an inlet-side flow surface 54a and an outlet-side flow surface 55a, and an oxygen scavenger holding portion is provided between the inlet-side flow surface 54a and the outlet-side flow surface 55a. 56 is formed, and the oxygen scavenger 57 is held in the oxygen scavenger holding part 56.
- This point is the same as the oxygen scavenging part 50 according to FIG.
- the oxygen removal part 50b which concerns on FIG. 4 differs from the oxygen removal part 50 which concerns on FIG. 2 by the point by which the inlet side flow surface 54a and the outlet side flow surface 55a are comprised by the strainer mesh.
- the strainer mesh constituting the inlet-side flow surface 54a and the outlet-side flow surface 55a is similar to the inlet-side flow surface 54 and the outlet-side flow surface 55 of the deoxygenation unit 50 shown in FIG. Since it has a role to fix, it is preferable not to make the mesh roughness extremely fine but to use a strainer mesh of about 100 mesh, for example.
- the upstream tubular member 51b is also provided with a strainer mesh 58, but the strainer mesh 58 is configured to be a finer mesh than the strainer mesh constituting the inlet-side flow surface 54a and the outlet-side flow surface 55a. It is preferable to configure so that sludge can be captured upstream. Since the tube diameter of the upstream tubular member 51b is larger than the tube diameter of the downstream tubular member 51c, the area of the strainer mesh 58 is larger than the inlet-side flow surface 54a and the outlet-side flow surface 55a. Therefore, even when the strainer mesh 58 is clogged with sludge, the clogging remains partial, and the entire surface of the strainer mesh 58 is hardly clogged. Therefore, the strainer mesh 58 can play a role of trapping sludge, and sludge can be prevented from adhering to the surface of the oxygen scavenger 57.
- the inlet-side flow surface 54a and the outlet-side flow surface 55a may be configured as a strainer mesh, and a strainer mesh 58 for capturing sludge may be provided further upstream.
- inlet-side flow surface 54 and the outlet-side flow surface 55 of the deoxygenating unit 50 according to FIG. 2 are provided in the downstream tubular member 51c of FIG. 4 without providing the strainer mesh 58 on the upstream side.
- You may comprise a strainer mesh like the side flow surface 54a and the exit side flow surface 55a.
- the desiccant may be used in place of the oxygen scavenger 57 in any of the oxygen scavenging sections 50, 50a, 50b in the same manner as described above.
- the deoxygenating units 50, 50a, and 50b can have various configurations as long as the working medium can be passed in contact with the deoxidizing agent 57 or the desiccant. Also, considering whether the working medium is gaseous or liquid, an appropriate configuration may be adopted in accordance with it, or a configuration that can handle both the liquid working medium and the gaseous working medium. Also good.
- the configuration shown in FIGS. 2 to 4 can be applied to both a liquid working medium and a gaseous working medium.
- the refrigeration cycle apparatus includes the deoxygenation unit 50 in the refrigeration cycle, thereby removing water and oxygen in the refrigeration cycle and suppressing the generation of sludge.
- the deoxygenation unit 50 in the refrigeration cycle, thereby removing water and oxygen in the refrigeration cycle and suppressing the generation of sludge.
- the refrigeration cycle apparatus can be used in a heat cycle system such as an air conditioner.
- the compressor 10 of the refrigeration cycle system according to FIG. 1 is the compressor 10a
- the condenser 20 is the indoor heat exchanger 20a
- the decompression mechanism 30 is the expansion valve 30a
- the evaporator 40 is the outdoor heat exchanger 40a
- the deoxygenating unit 50 An example in which the air conditioner 150 is configured by applying the above to the deoxygenation unit 50c will be described.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of an air conditioner 150 that is an example of a heat cycle system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the air conditioner 150 has an outdoor unit 150a and an indoor unit 150b, a compressor 10a as a compression mechanism provided in the outdoor unit 150a, a four-way switching valve 154, an expansion unit An expansion valve 30a, a release valve 159, an outdoor heat exchanger 40a, and an indoor heat exchanger 20a provided in the indoor unit 150b are connected by a pipe 60a to form a refrigerant circulation path 61. ing. Moreover, between the indoor heat exchanger 20a and the expansion valve 30a, the deoxidation part 50c is provided in the outdoor unit 150a.
- the oxygen scavenging part 50 c may contain a desiccant or may contain an oxygen scavenger 57.
- the configuration may be the configuration of the deoxidation units 50, 50a, and 50b shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, or other configurations.
- the outdoor heat exchanger 40 a is provided with a fan 160
- the indoor unit 150 b is provided with a fan 161, and each unit is cooled by blowing air from the fans 160 and 161.
- the release valve 159 is provided on the outdoor unit 150a side, and is an emergency valve that can discharge the refrigerant circulating in the path 61 to the outdoor unit 150a (outside the apparatus).
- the air conditioner 150 can reverse the refrigerant circulation direction by the switching operation of the four-way switching valve 154, and can perform a cooling / heating operation. That is, in the air conditioner 150, the compressor 10a, the outdoor heat exchanger 40a of the outdoor unit 150a (heat source side), the expansion valve 30a, and the indoor heat exchanger 20a of the indoor unit 150b (use side) are sequentially connected. Thus, a working medium path 61 in which the working medium circulation is reversible is configured.
- the air conditioner 150 also includes power such as a control device 170, various sensors S1 to S8 disposed on the path 61 or in each unit, and an inverter power source that supplies power to the compressor 10a by power supply from the AC power source 171.
- Supply device 172 supplies power to the compressor 10a by power supply from the AC power source 171.
- Sensors S1 and S2 are sensors that detect (detect) leakage of the refrigerant outside the path 61.
- the sensor S1 is provided inside the outdoor unit 150a.
- the sensor S2 is provided inside the indoor unit 150b.
- Sensor S3 is a sensor that detects the temperature of the working medium flowing through the discharge pipe of the compressor 10a.
- the sensor S4 is a sensor that detects the temperature of the working medium flowing through the pipe 60a between the heat exchanger 40a on the heat source side and the expansion valve 30a.
- the sensor S5 is a sensor that detects the opening degree of the expansion valve 30a.
- the sensor S6 is a sensor that detects the temperature of a motor (not shown) that is a drive unit of the compressor 10a.
- Sensors S7 and S8 are arranged before and after the expansion valve 30a (input end and output end), and are sensors for detecting the flow rate of the working medium circulating in the path 61 (in the pipe 60a).
- the control device 170 is configured to use the above devices (compressor 10a, four-way switching valve 154, expansion valve 30a, release valve 159, outdoor heat exchanger 40a, indoor heat exchanger). 20a, fans 160 and 161) are controlled. Specifically, the control device 170 drives the compressor 10a by performing drive control on the power supply device 172 that supplies power to the motor of the compressor 10a.
- the release valve 159 is provided in a pipe 58 extending from the path 61 to the outside of the unit so as to be openable / closable, and is normally closed. The release valve 159 is opened by the control device 170 during the avoidance operation.
- the four-way switching valve 154 is set as shown by a solid line in FIG.
- the indoor heat exchanger 20a becomes the condenser 20 in FIG. 1
- the outdoor heat exchanger 40a becomes the evaporator 40 to perform the refrigeration cycle.
- the high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor 10a passes through the four-way switching valve 154 (point d2 in FIG. 5), flows into the indoor heat exchanger 20a, dissipates heat to the indoor air, and condenses (point d3 in FIG. 5). At this time, the condensed high-pressure refrigerant passes through the deoxygenation part 50c, and the oxygen component in the high-pressure refrigerant is removed.
- the high-pressure refrigerant that has passed through the deoxygenation unit 50c flows into the expansion valve 30a, is decompressed by the expansion valve 30a, becomes low-pressure refrigerant (point d4 in FIG. 5), and flows into the outdoor heat exchanger 40a.
- the low-pressure refrigerant flowing into the outdoor heat exchanger 40a absorbs heat from the outdoor air and evaporates.
- the evaporated low-pressure refrigerant passes through the four-way switching valve 154 and is sucked into the compressor 10a through the point d1 in FIG.
- the sucked low-pressure refrigerant is compressed and discharged again as a high-pressure refrigerant. By repeating this operation, heating operation of the air conditioner 150 is performed.
- the working medium flow during the cooling operation and the working medium flow during the heating operation are in opposite directions.
- the indoor heat exchanger 20a and the outdoor heat exchanger 40a are heated when the working medium inflow side becomes an air outlet side and the working medium outflow side becomes a so-called counterflow with the air inlet side.
- the working medium inflow side is the air inlet side
- the working medium outflow side is the air outlet side.
- another deoxygenation part 50c may be provided between the outdoor heat exchanger 40a and the expansion valve 30a, and the deoxygenation part 50c can be applied not only to the liquid refrigerant but also to a gaseous working medium. And you may make it dry or deoxygenate from a gaseous working medium in the deoxidation part 50c between the indoor heat exchanger 20a and the expansion valve 30a.
- FIG. 5 the example in which the deoxygenation part 50c is provided between the indoor heat exchanger 20a and the expansion valve 30a has been described. However, the deoxygenation part 50c is provided at an arbitrary location in the thermal cycle. be able to.
- the deoxygenation part 50c in the heat cycle system such as the air conditioner 150, the oxygen component in the heat cycle system can be removed and the generation of sludge in the heat cycle can be suppressed.
- the working medium used in the refrigeration cycle apparatus and the thermal cycle system according to the embodiment of the present invention includes hydrofluoroolefin (HFO).
- HFO hydrofluoroolefin
- examples of HFO include trifluoroethylene (HFO-1123), 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (HFO-1234yf), 1,2-difluoroethylene (HFO-1132), 2-fluoropropene (HFO-1261yf).
- HFO-1243yc 1,1,2-trifluoropropene
- HFO-1225ye (E) trans-1,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropene
- HFO-1225ye (E) cis-1,2,3,3 , 3-Pentafluoropropene
- HFO-1234ze (E) trans-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene
- HFO-1234ze (Z) cis-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene
- HFO-1243zf 3,3,3-trifluoropropene
- HFO-1234yf preferably comprising HFO-1234ze (E) or HFO-1234ze (Z), more preferably containing HFO-1234yf or HFO-1123, it is particularly preferred that it include a HFO-1123.
- the working medium used in the present invention preferably contains HFO-1123, and may further contain an optional component described later, if necessary.
- the content of HFO-1123 with respect to 100% by mass of the working medium is preferably 10% by mass or more, more preferably 20 to 80% by mass, still more preferably 40 to 80% by mass, and further preferably 40 to 60% by mass.
- HFO-1123 The characteristics of HFO-1123 as a working medium are shown particularly in Table 1 in a relative comparison with R410A (a pseudo-azeotropic refrigerant mixture having a mass ratio of 1: 1 between HFC-32 and HFC-125).
- the cycle performance is indicated by a coefficient of performance and a refrigerating capacity obtained by a method described later.
- the coefficient of performance and the refrigeration capacity of HFO-1123 are expressed as relative values (hereinafter referred to as the relative coefficient of performance and relative refrigeration capacity) with R410A as the reference (1.000).
- the global warming potential (GWP) is a value of 100 years indicated in the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Fourth Assessment Report (2007) or measured according to the method. In this specification, GWP refers to this value unless otherwise specified.
- IPCC Intergovernmental Panel on climate Change
- the working medium used in the present invention preferably contains HFO-1123, and may optionally contain a compound used as a normal working medium in addition to HFO-1123 as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired.
- a compound used as a normal working medium in addition to HFO-1123 examples include HFO other than HFC and HFO-1123 (HFC having a carbon-carbon double bond), other components that vaporize and liquefy together with HFO-1123 other than these, etc. Is mentioned.
- HFO other than HFC and HFO-1123 HFC having a carbon-carbon double bond
- an optional component for example, when used in a heat cycle in combination with HFO-1123, there is a compound capable of keeping the GWP and the temperature gradient within an allowable range while having the effect of further increasing the relative coefficient of performance and the relative refrigeration capacity. preferable.
- the working medium contains such a compound in combination with HFO-1123, a better cycle performance can be obtained while keeping the GWP low, and the influence of the temperature gradient is small.
- Temporal gradient When the working medium contains, for example, HFO-1123 and an optional component, it has a considerable temperature gradient except when the HFO-1123 and the optional component have an azeotropic composition.
- the temperature gradient of the working medium varies depending on the type of the optional component and the mixing ratio of HFO-1123 and the optional component.
- azeotropic or pseudo-azeotropic mixture such as R410A is preferably used.
- Non-azeotropic compositions have the problem of causing composition changes when filled from a pressure vessel to a refrigeration air conditioner. Furthermore, when refrigerant leakage from the refrigeration air conditioner occurs, the refrigerant composition in the refrigeration air conditioner is very likely to change, and it is difficult to restore the refrigerant composition to the initial state. On the other hand, the above problem can be avoided if the mixture is azeotropic or pseudo-azeotropic.
- Temperature gradient is generally used as an index for measuring the possibility of using the mixture in the working medium.
- a temperature gradient is defined as the property of the start and end temperatures of a heat exchanger, for example, evaporation in an evaporator or condensation in a condenser, differing. In the azeotrope, the temperature gradient is 0, and in the pseudoazeotrope, the temperature gradient is very close to 0, for example, the temperature gradient of R410A is 0.2.
- the inlet temperature in the evaporator decreases, which increases the possibility of frost formation.
- a heat cycle system in order to improve heat exchange efficiency, it is common to make the working medium flowing through the heat exchanger and a heat source fluid such as water or air counter flow, and in a stable operation state Since the temperature difference of the heat source fluid is small, it is difficult to obtain an energy efficient thermal cycle system in the case of a non-azeotropic mixed medium having a large temperature gradient. For this reason, when a mixture is used as a working medium, a working medium having an appropriate temperature gradient is desired.
- the optional HFC is preferably selected from the above viewpoint.
- HFC is known to have higher GWP than HFO-1123. Therefore, the HFC combined with HFO-1123 is appropriately selected from the viewpoint of improving the cycle performance as the working medium and keeping the temperature gradient within an appropriate range, and particularly keeping the GWP within an allowable range. It is preferred that
- an HFC having 1 to 5 carbon atoms is preferable as an HFC that has little influence on the ozone layer and has little influence on global warming.
- the HFC may be linear, branched, or cyclic.
- HFC examples include HFC-32, difluoroethane, trifluoroethane, tetrafluoroethane, HFC-125, pentafluoropropane, hexafluoropropane, heptafluoropropane, pentafluorobutane, heptafluorocyclopentane, and the like.
- HFC 1,1-difluoroethane
- HFC-152a 1,1,1-trifluoroethane
- HFC-125 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane
- HFC-132, HFC -152a, HFC-134a, and HFC-125 are more preferred.
- HFC may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the content of HFC in the working medium (100% by mass) can be arbitrarily selected according to the required characteristics of the working medium.
- the coefficient of performance and the refrigerating capacity are improved when the content of HFC-32 is in the range of 1 to 99% by mass.
- the coefficient of performance improves when the content of HFC-134a is in the range of 1 to 99% by mass.
- the preferred HFC GWP is 675 for HFC-32, 1430 for HFC-134a and 3500 for HFC-125. From the viewpoint of keeping the GWP of the obtained working medium low, the HFC-32 is most preferable as an optional HFC.
- HFO-1123 and HFC-32 can form a pseudo-azeotropic mixture close to azeotropy in a composition range of 99: 1 to 1:99 by mass ratio. The temperature gradient is close to zero. Also in this respect, HFC-32 is advantageous as an HFC combined with HFO-1123.
- the content of HFC-32 with respect to 100% by mass of the working medium is specifically preferably 20% by mass or more, and 20 to 80% by mass. % Is more preferable, and 40 to 60% by mass is further preferable.
- HFOs other than HFO-1123 may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the content of HFO other than HFO-1123 in the working medium (100% by mass) can be arbitrarily selected according to the required characteristics of the working medium.
- the coefficient of performance improves when the content of HFO-1234yf or HFO-1234ze is in the range of 1 to 99% by mass.
- composition range (S) A preferred composition range in the case where the working medium used in the present invention contains HFO-1123 and HFO-1234yf is shown below as a composition range (S).
- each formula showing the composition range (S) is the ratio (% by mass) of the compound with respect to the total amount of HFO-1123, HFO-1234yf, and other components (HFC-32, etc.).
- the working medium in the composition range (S) has a very low GWP and a small temperature gradient.
- refrigeration cycle performance that can be substituted for the conventional R410A can be expressed.
- the ratio of HFO-1123 to the total amount of HFO-1123 and HFO-1234yf is more preferably 40 to 95% by mass, further preferably 50 to 90% by mass, and more preferably 50 to 85%. Mass% is particularly preferable, and 60 to 85 mass% is most preferable.
- the total content of HFO-1123 and HFO-1234yf in 100% by mass of the working medium is more preferably 80 to 100% by mass, further preferably 90 to 100% by mass, and particularly preferably 95 to 100% by mass. .
- the working medium used in the present invention preferably contains HFO-1123, HFC-32, and HFO-1234yf, and a preferred composition range when containing HFO-1123, HFO-1234yf, and HFC-32 (P ) Is shown below.
- each formula showing the composition range (P) the abbreviation of each compound indicates the ratio (mass%) of the compound with respect to the total amount of HFO-1123, HFO-1234yf, and HFC-32.
- the total amount of HFO-1123, HFO-1234yf, and HFC-32 specifically described is more than 90% by mass and less than 100% by mass with respect to the total amount of the working medium for heat cycle.
- the working medium having the above composition is a working medium in which the characteristics of HFO-1123, HFO-1234yf, and HFC-32 are exhibited in a well-balanced manner, and the defects possessed by each of them are suppressed.
- this working medium is a working medium that has a very low GWP, has a small temperature gradient, and has a certain capacity and efficiency when used in a thermal cycle, and can obtain good cycle performance.
- the total amount of HFO-1123 and HFO-1234yf with respect to the total amount of HFO-1123, HFO-1234yf, and HFC-32 is preferably 70% by mass or more.
- the working medium used in the present invention is more preferably composed of 30 to 70% by mass of HFO-1123 and 4 to 4% of HFO-1234yf with respect to the total amount of HFO-1123, HFO-1234yf, and HFC-32.
- Examples include a composition containing 40% by mass and HFC-32 in a proportion of 0 to 30% by mass, and the content of HFO-1123 with respect to the total amount of the working medium is 70 mol% or less.
- the working medium in the above range is a highly durable working medium in which the above effect is enhanced and the self-decomposition reaction of HFO-1123 is suppressed.
- the content of HFC-32 is preferably 5% by mass or more, and more preferably 8% by mass or more.
- the working medium used in the present invention contains HFO-1123, HFO-1234yf, and HFC-32.
- the content of HFO-1123 with respect to the total amount of the working medium is 70 mol% or less.
- the self-decomposition reaction of HFO-1123 is suppressed, and a highly durable working medium can be obtained.
- composition range (R) A more preferred composition range (R) is shown below.
- the working medium having the above composition is a working medium in which the characteristics of HFO-1123, HFO-1234yf, and HFC-32 are exhibited in a well-balanced manner, and the defects possessed by each of them are suppressed. That is, it is a working medium in which good cycle performance can be obtained by having a low temperature gradient and high performance and efficiency when used in a thermal cycle after GWP is kept low and durability is ensured.
- the working medium having the above composition is a working medium in which the characteristics of HFO-1123, HFO-1234yf, and HFC-32 are exhibited in a particularly well-balanced manner, and the disadvantages of each of them are suppressed. That is, it is a working medium in which GWP is kept low and durability is ensured, and when used in a thermal cycle, the temperature gradient is smaller and the cycle performance is higher by having higher capacity and efficiency. is there.
- composition range (M) a more preferred composition range (L) is shown below.
- the composition range (M) is more preferable.
- the working medium having the composition range (M) is a working medium in which the characteristics of the HFO-1123, HFO-1234yf, and HFC-32 are exhibited in a particularly well-balanced manner, and the drawbacks of the working medium are suppressed.
- this working medium has a GWP with an upper limit of 300 or less, and durability is ensured, and when used in a heat cycle, the temperature gradient is less than 5.8, and the relative coefficient of performance and relative This is a working medium having a refrigerating capacity close to 1 and good cycle performance.
- another working medium used in the present invention preferably contains HFO-1123, HFC-134a, HFC-125, and HFO-1234yf, and the combustibility of the working medium is suppressed by this composition.
- the working medium includes HFO-1123, HFC-134a, HFC-125, and HFO-1234yf, and the ratio of the total amount of HFO-1123, HFC-134a, HFC-125, and HFO-1234yf to the total amount of the working medium is 90%.
- the ratio of HFO-1123 to the total amount of HFO-1123, HFC-134a, HFC-125, and HFO-1234yf is 3% by mass or more and 35% by mass or less, and HFC-134a.
- the ratio of HFC-125 is preferably 4% by mass to 50% by mass
- the ratio of HFO-1234yf is preferably 5% by mass to 50% by mass.
- HFO-1123, HFC-134a, HFC-125, and HFO-1234yf and the ratio of the total amount of HFO-1123, HFC-134a, HFC-125, and HFO-1234yf to the total amount of the working medium is 90%.
- the ratio of HFO-1123 to the total amount of HFO-1123, HFC-134a, HFC-125, and HFO-1234yf is 6 mass% or more and 25 mass% or less, and HFC-134a. It is even more preferable that the ratio of HFC-125 is 20% by mass to 35% by mass, the ratio of HFC-125 is 8% by mass to 30% by mass, and the ratio of HFO-1234yf is 20% by mass to 50% by mass.
- the working medium used in the composition for a heat cycle system of the present invention may contain carbon dioxide, hydrocarbon, chlorofluoroolefin (CFO), hydrochlorofluoroolefin (HCFO) and the like in addition to the above optional components.
- CFO chlorofluoroolefin
- HCFO hydrochlorofluoroolefin
- Other optional components are preferably components that have little influence on the ozone layer and little influence on global warming.
- hydrocarbon examples include propane, propylene, cyclopropane, butane, isobutane, pentane, and isopentane.
- Hydrocarbons may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the working medium contains a hydrocarbon
- the content thereof is less than 10% by weight with respect to 100% by weight of the working medium, preferably 1 to 5% by weight, and more preferably 3 to 5% by weight. If a hydrocarbon is more than a lower limit, the solubility of the mineral refrigeration oil to a working medium will become more favorable.
- CFO examples include chlorofluoropropene and chlorofluoroethylene.
- CFO 1,1-dichloro-2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (CFO-1214ya), 1 is easy to suppress the flammability of the working medium without greatly reducing the cycle performance of the working medium.
- CFO-1214yb 3-dichloro-1,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (CFO-1214yb) and 1,2-dichloro-1,2-difluoroethylene (CFO-1112) are preferred.
- CFO may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the working medium contains CFO
- the content thereof is less than 10% by weight with respect to 100% by weight of the working medium, preferably 1 to 8% by weight, and more preferably 2 to 5% by weight. If the CFO content is at least the lower limit value, it is easy to suppress the combustibility of the working medium. If the content of CFO is not more than the upper limit value, good cycle performance can be easily obtained.
- HCFO examples include hydrochlorofluoropropene and hydrochlorofluoroethylene.
- HCFO 1-chloro-2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (HCFO-1224yd)
- 1-chloro can be used because flammability of the working medium can be easily suppressed without greatly reducing the cycle performance of the working medium.
- -1,2-difluoroethylene (HCFO-1122) is preferred.
- HCFO may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the content of HCFO in 100% by mass of the working medium is less than 10% by mass, preferably 1 to 8% by mass, and more preferably 2 to 5% by mass. If the content of HCFO is equal to or higher than the lower limit value, it is easy to suppress the combustibility of the working medium. If the content of HCFO is not more than the upper limit value, good cycle performance can be easily obtained.
- the total content of other optional components in the working medium is less than 10% by mass with respect to 100% by mass of the working medium, and 8% by mass. % Or less is preferable, and 5 mass% or less is more preferable.
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Abstract
Description
前記冷凍サイクル内のいずれかの箇所に、前記冷媒を乾燥剤又は脱酸素剤に接触させる脱酸素部を設けている。 In order to achieve the above object, a refrigeration cycle apparatus according to an aspect of the present invention uses a working medium containing HFO to form a refrigeration cycle by connecting a compressor, a condenser, a decompression mechanism, and an evaporator with piping. A refrigeration cycle apparatus,
A deoxygenation part for bringing the refrigerant into contact with a desiccant or a deoxidant is provided at any location in the refrigeration cycle.
(HFO-1123)
HFO-1123の作動媒体としての特性を、特に、R410A(HFC-32とHFC-125との質量比1:1の擬似共沸混合冷媒)との相対比較において表1に示す。サイクル性能は、後述する方法で求められる成績係数と冷凍能力とで示される。HFO-1123の成績係数と冷凍能力とは、R410Aを基準(1.000)とした相対値(以下、相対成績係数および相対冷凍能力という)で示す。地球温暖化係数(GWP)は、気候変動に関する政府間パネル(IPCC)第4次評価報告書(2007年)に示される、または該方法に準じて測定された100年の値である。本明細書において、GWPは特に断りのない限りこの値をいう。作動媒体が混合物からなる場合、後述するとおり温度勾配は、作動媒体を評価する上で重要なファクターとなり、値は小さい方が好ましい。 The working medium used in the present invention preferably contains HFO-1123, and may further contain an optional component described later, if necessary. The content of HFO-1123 with respect to 100% by mass of the working medium is preferably 10% by mass or more, more preferably 20 to 80% by mass, still more preferably 40 to 80% by mass, and further preferably 40 to 60% by mass.
(HFO-1123)
The characteristics of HFO-1123 as a working medium are shown particularly in Table 1 in a relative comparison with R410A (a pseudo-azeotropic refrigerant mixture having a mass ratio of 1: 1 between HFC-32 and HFC-125). The cycle performance is indicated by a coefficient of performance and a refrigerating capacity obtained by a method described later. The coefficient of performance and the refrigeration capacity of HFO-1123 are expressed as relative values (hereinafter referred to as the relative coefficient of performance and relative refrigeration capacity) with R410A as the reference (1.000). The global warming potential (GWP) is a value of 100 years indicated in the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Fourth Assessment Report (2007) or measured according to the method. In this specification, GWP refers to this value unless otherwise specified. When the working medium is composed of a mixture, the temperature gradient is an important factor in evaluating the working medium as described later, and a smaller value is preferable.
本発明で用いる作動媒体はHFO-1123を含むことが好ましく、本発明の効果を損なわない範囲でHFO-1123以外に、通常作動媒体として用いられる化合物を任意に含有してもよい。このような任意の化合物(任意成分)としては、例えば、HFC、HFO-1123以外のHFO(炭素-炭素二重結合を有するHFC)、これら以外のHFO-1123とともに気化、液化する他の成分等が挙げられる。任意成分としては、HFC、HFO-1123以外のHFO(炭素-炭素二重結合を有するHFC)が好ましい。
The working medium used in the present invention preferably contains HFO-1123, and may optionally contain a compound used as a normal working medium in addition to HFO-1123 as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired. Examples of such an arbitrary compound (optional component) include HFO other than HFC and HFO-1123 (HFC having a carbon-carbon double bond), other components that vaporize and liquefy together with HFO-1123 other than these, etc. Is mentioned. As an optional component, HFO other than HFC and HFO-1123 (HFC having a carbon-carbon double bond) is preferable.
(温度勾配)
作動媒体が例えばHFO-1123と任意成分とを含有する場合、HFO-1123と任意成分とが共沸組成である場合を除いて相当の温度勾配を有する。作動媒体の温度勾配は、任意成分の種類およびHFO-1123と任意成分との混合割合により異なる。 As an optional component, for example, when used in a heat cycle in combination with HFO-1123, there is a compound capable of keeping the GWP and the temperature gradient within an allowable range while having the effect of further increasing the relative coefficient of performance and the relative refrigeration capacity. preferable. When the working medium contains such a compound in combination with HFO-1123, a better cycle performance can be obtained while keeping the GWP low, and the influence of the temperature gradient is small.
(Temperature gradient)
When the working medium contains, for example, HFO-1123 and an optional component, it has a considerable temperature gradient except when the HFO-1123 and the optional component have an azeotropic composition. The temperature gradient of the working medium varies depending on the type of the optional component and the mixing ratio of HFO-1123 and the optional component.
(HFC)
任意成分のHFCとしては、上記観点から選択されることが好ましい。ここで、HFCは、HFO-1123に比べてGWPが高いことが知られている。したがって、HFO-1123と組合せるHFCとしては、上記作動媒体としてのサイクル性能を向上させ、かつ温度勾配を適切な範囲にとどめることに加えて、特にGWPを許容の範囲にとどめる観点から、適宜選択されることが好ましい。 If the temperature gradient is large, for example, the inlet temperature in the evaporator decreases, which increases the possibility of frost formation. Furthermore, in a heat cycle system, in order to improve heat exchange efficiency, it is common to make the working medium flowing through the heat exchanger and a heat source fluid such as water or air counter flow, and in a stable operation state Since the temperature difference of the heat source fluid is small, it is difficult to obtain an energy efficient thermal cycle system in the case of a non-azeotropic mixed medium having a large temperature gradient. For this reason, when a mixture is used as a working medium, a working medium having an appropriate temperature gradient is desired.
(HFC)
The optional HFC is preferably selected from the above viewpoint. Here, HFC is known to have higher GWP than HFO-1123. Therefore, the HFC combined with HFO-1123 is appropriately selected from the viewpoint of improving the cycle performance as the working medium and keeping the temperature gradient within an appropriate range, and particularly keeping the GWP within an allowable range. It is preferred that
<組成範囲(S)>
HFO-1123+HFO-1234yf≧70質量%
95質量%≧HFO-1123/(HFO-1123+HFO-1234yf)≧35質量%
組成範囲(S)の作動媒体は、GWPが極めて低く、温度勾配が小さい。また、成績係数、冷凍能力および臨界温度の観点からも従来のR410Aに代替し得る冷凍サイクル性能を発現できる。 In each formula showing the composition range (S), the abbreviation of each compound is the ratio (% by mass) of the compound with respect to the total amount of HFO-1123, HFO-1234yf, and other components (HFC-32, etc.). Show.
<Composition range (S)>
HFO-1123 + HFO-1234yf ≧ 70% by mass
95% by mass ≧ HFO-1123 / (HFO-1123 + HFO-1234yf) ≧ 35% by mass
The working medium in the composition range (S) has a very low GWP and a small temperature gradient. In addition, from the viewpoint of coefficient of performance, refrigeration capacity, and critical temperature, refrigeration cycle performance that can be substituted for the conventional R410A can be expressed.
<組成範囲(P)>
70質量%≦HFO-1123+HFO-1234yf
30質量%≦HFO-1123≦80質量%
0質量%<HFO-1234yf≦40質量%
0質量%<HFC-32≦30質量%
HFO-1123/HFO-1234yf≦95/5質量%
上記組成を有する作動媒体は、HFO-1123、HFO-1234yfおよびHFC-32がそれぞれ有する特性がバランスよく発揮され、かつそれぞれが有する欠点が抑制された作動媒体である。すなわち、この作動媒体は、GWPが極めて低く抑えられ、熱サイクルに用いた際に、温度勾配が小さく、一定の能力と効率とを有することで良好なサイクル性能が得られる作動媒体である。ここで、HFO-1123とHFO-1234yfとHFC-32との合計量に対する、HFO-1123とHFO-1234yfとの合計量は70質量%以上であることが好ましい。 Note that, in each formula showing the composition range (P), the abbreviation of each compound indicates the ratio (mass%) of the compound with respect to the total amount of HFO-1123, HFO-1234yf, and HFC-32. The same applies to the composition range (R), composition range (L), and composition range (M). In the composition range described below, the total amount of HFO-1123, HFO-1234yf, and HFC-32 specifically described is more than 90% by mass and less than 100% by mass with respect to the total amount of the working medium for heat cycle. It is preferable that
<Composition range (P)>
70 mass% ≦ HFO-1123 + HFO-1234yf
30% by mass ≦ HFO-1123 ≦ 80% by mass
0% by mass <HFO-1234yf ≦ 40% by mass
0% by mass <HFC-32 ≦ 30% by mass
HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf ≦ 95/5% by mass
The working medium having the above composition is a working medium in which the characteristics of HFO-1123, HFO-1234yf, and HFC-32 are exhibited in a well-balanced manner, and the defects possessed by each of them are suppressed. In other words, this working medium is a working medium that has a very low GWP, has a small temperature gradient, and has a certain capacity and efficiency when used in a thermal cycle, and can obtain good cycle performance. Here, the total amount of HFO-1123 and HFO-1234yf with respect to the total amount of HFO-1123, HFO-1234yf, and HFC-32 is preferably 70% by mass or more.
<組成範囲(R)>
10質量%≦HFO-1123<70質量%
0質量%<HFO-1234yf≦50質量%
30質量%<HFC-32≦75質量%
上記組成を有する作動媒体は、HFO-1123、HFO-1234yfおよびHFC-32がそれぞれ有する特性がバランスよく発揮され、かつそれぞれが有する欠点が抑制された作動媒体である。すなわち、GWPが低く抑えられ、耐久性が確保されたうえで、熱サイクルに用いた際に、温度勾配が小さく、高い能力と効率を有することで良好なサイクル性能が得られる作動媒体である。 A more preferred composition range (R) is shown below.
<Composition range (R)>
10% by mass ≦ HFO-1123 <70% by mass
0% by mass <HFO-1234yf ≦ 50% by mass
30% by mass <HFC-32 ≦ 75% by mass
The working medium having the above composition is a working medium in which the characteristics of HFO-1123, HFO-1234yf, and HFC-32 are exhibited in a well-balanced manner, and the defects possessed by each of them are suppressed. That is, it is a working medium in which good cycle performance can be obtained by having a low temperature gradient and high performance and efficiency when used in a thermal cycle after GWP is kept low and durability is ensured.
0質量%<HFO-1234yf≦40質量%
30質量%<HFC-32≦75質量%
上記組成を有する作動媒体は、HFO-1123、HFO-1234yfおよびHFC-32がそれぞれ有する特性が特にバランスよく発揮され、かつそれぞれが有する欠点が抑制された作動媒体である。すなわち、GWPが低く抑えられ、耐久性が確保されたうえで、熱サイクルに用いた際に、温度勾配がより小さく、より高い能力と効率を有することで良好なサイクル性能が得られる作動媒体である。 20% by mass ≦ HFO-1123 <70% by mass
0% by mass <HFO-1234yf ≦ 40% by mass
30% by mass <HFC-32 ≦ 75% by mass
The working medium having the above composition is a working medium in which the characteristics of HFO-1123, HFO-1234yf, and HFC-32 are exhibited in a particularly well-balanced manner, and the disadvantages of each of them are suppressed. That is, it is a working medium in which GWP is kept low and durability is ensured, and when used in a thermal cycle, the temperature gradient is smaller and the cycle performance is higher by having higher capacity and efficiency. is there.
<組成範囲(L)>
10質量%≦HFO-1123<70質量%
0質量%<HFO-1234yf≦50質量%
30質量%<HFC-32≦44質量%
<組成範囲(M)>
20質量%≦HFO-1123<70質量%
5質量%≦HFO-1234yf≦40質量%
30質量%<HFC-32≦44質量%
上記組成範囲(M)を有する作動媒体は、HFO-1123、HFO-1234yfおよびHFC-32がそれぞれ有する特性が特にバランスよく発揮され、かつそれぞれが有する欠点が抑制された作動媒体である。すなわち、この作動媒体は、GWPの上限が300以下に低く抑えられ、耐久性が確保されたうえで、熱サイクルに用いた際に、温度勾配が5.8未満と小さく、相対成績係数および相対冷凍能力が1に近く良好なサイクル性能が得られる作動媒体である。 In the working medium of the present invention having the composition range (R), a more preferred composition range (L) is shown below. The composition range (M) is more preferable.
<Composition range (L)>
10% by mass ≦ HFO-1123 <70% by mass
0% by mass <HFO-1234yf ≦ 50% by mass
30% by mass <HFC-32 ≦ 44% by mass
<Composition range (M)>
20% by mass ≦ HFO-1123 <70% by mass
5% by mass ≦ HFO-1234yf ≦ 40% by mass
30% by mass <HFC-32 ≦ 44% by mass
The working medium having the composition range (M) is a working medium in which the characteristics of the HFO-1123, HFO-1234yf, and HFC-32 are exhibited in a particularly well-balanced manner, and the drawbacks of the working medium are suppressed. In other words, this working medium has a GWP with an upper limit of 300 or less, and durability is ensured, and when used in a heat cycle, the temperature gradient is less than 5.8, and the relative coefficient of performance and relative This is a working medium having a refrigerating capacity close to 1 and good cycle performance.
(その他の任意成分)
本発明の熱サイクルシステム用組成物に用いる作動媒体は、上記任意成分以外に、二酸化炭素、炭化水素、クロロフルオロオレフィン(CFO)、ヒドロクロロフルオロオレフィン(HCFO)等を含有してもよい。その他の任意成分としてはオゾン層への影響が少なく、かつ地球温暖化への影響が小さい成分が好ましい。 Most preferably, it includes HFO-1123, HFC-134a, HFC-125, and HFO-1234yf, and the ratio of the total amount of HFO-1123, HFC-134a, HFC-125, and HFO-1234yf to the total amount of the working medium is 90%. The ratio of HFO-1123 to the total amount of HFO-1123, HFC-134a, HFC-125, and HFO-1234yf is 6 mass% or more and 25 mass% or less, and HFC-134a. It is even more preferable that the ratio of HFC-125 is 20% by mass to 35% by mass, the ratio of HFC-125 is 8% by mass to 30% by mass, and the ratio of HFO-1234yf is 20% by mass to 50% by mass. By using such a working medium, the working medium is non-flammable, and is more excellent in safety, has less influence on the ozone layer and global warming, and is even better when used in a heat cycle system. The working medium having a high cycle performance can be obtained.
(Other optional ingredients)
The working medium used in the composition for a heat cycle system of the present invention may contain carbon dioxide, hydrocarbon, chlorofluoroolefin (CFO), hydrochlorofluoroolefin (HCFO) and the like in addition to the above optional components. Other optional components are preferably components that have little influence on the ozone layer and little influence on global warming.
20、20a 凝縮器
30、30a 減圧機構
40、40a 蒸発器
50、50a、50b、50c 脱酸素部
51、51a、51b、51c 管状部材
52 入口
53 出口
54、54a 入口側通流面
55、55a 出口側通流面
56、56a 脱酸素剤保持部
57 脱酸素剤
58 ストレーナメッシュ
150 熱サイクルシステム 10,
Claims (12)
- 圧縮機、凝縮器、減圧機構及び蒸発器を配管で連結して冷凍サイクルを構成し、ハイドロフルオロオレフィン(HFO)を含む作動媒体を用いた冷凍サイクル装置であって、
前記冷凍サイクル内のいずれかの箇所に、前記作動媒体を乾燥剤又は脱酸素剤に接触させる脱酸素部を設けた冷凍サイクル装置。 A refrigeration cycle apparatus using a working medium containing hydrofluoroolefin (HFO) by connecting a compressor, a condenser, a decompression mechanism and an evaporator with piping to constitute a refrigeration cycle,
A refrigeration cycle apparatus in which a deoxygenation unit for bringing the working medium into contact with a desiccant or a deoxidizer is provided at any location in the refrigeration cycle. - 前記脱酸素部は、前記凝縮器と前記減圧機構との間に設けられた請求項1に記載の冷凍サイクル装置。 The refrigeration cycle apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the deoxygenation unit is provided between the condenser and the decompression mechanism.
- 前記脱酸素部は、前記冷凍サイクル内の前記配管に両端が連結された管状の部材として構成されるとともに、
冷媒を通流させる入口側通流面と、
該入口側通流面の下流側に設けられ、前記乾燥剤又は前記脱酸素剤を保持する薬剤保持部と、を有する請求項1又は2に記載の冷凍サイクル装置。 The deoxygenation part is configured as a tubular member having both ends connected to the pipe in the refrigeration cycle,
An inlet-side flow surface through which refrigerant flows,
The refrigeration cycle apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising: a medicine holding unit that is provided on the downstream side of the inlet-side flow surface and holds the desiccant or the oxygen scavenger. - 前記入口側通流面は、網目状に構成されている請求項3に記載の冷凍サイクル装置。 The refrigeration cycle apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the inlet-side flow surface is configured in a mesh shape.
- 前記作動媒体を通流させる出口側通流面を更に有し、
前記入口側通流面と該出口側通流面との間に前記薬剤保持部を有する請求項3又は4に記載の冷凍サイクル装置。 An outlet side flow surface through which the working medium flows;
The refrigeration cycle apparatus according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the medicine holding unit is provided between the inlet-side flow surface and the outlet-side flow surface. - 前記出口側通流面は網目状に構成されている請求項5に記載の冷凍サイクル装置。 The refrigeration cycle apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the outlet-side flow surface is configured in a mesh shape.
- 前記薬剤保持部は、バッグ状に構成されている請求項3乃至6のいずれか一項に記載の冷凍サイクル装置。 The refrigeration cycle apparatus according to any one of claims 3 to 6, wherein the medicine holding unit is configured in a bag shape.
- 前記入口側通流面の上流側には、スラッジ捕捉用のストレーナメッシュが設けられた請求項3乃至7のいずれか一項に記載の冷凍サイクル装置。 The refrigeration cycle apparatus according to any one of claims 3 to 7, wherein a strainer mesh for capturing sludge is provided on the upstream side of the inlet-side flow surface.
- 前記ストレーナメッシュの面積は、前記入口側通流面の面積よりも大きい請求項8に記載の冷凍サイクル装置。 The refrigeration cycle apparatus according to claim 8, wherein an area of the strainer mesh is larger than an area of the inlet side flow surface.
- 前記HFOは、HFO-1123を含む請求項1乃至9のいずれか一項に記載の冷凍サイクル装置。 The refrigeration cycle apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the HFO includes HFO-1123.
- 前記作動媒体は、HFO-1123の単独冷媒、HFO-1123とHFC-32との混合冷媒、HFO-1123とHFO-1234yfとの混合冷媒、又はHFO-1123とHFO-1234yfとHFC-32との混合冷媒である請求項10に記載の冷凍サイクル装置。 The working medium is a single refrigerant of HFO-1123, a mixed refrigerant of HFO-1123 and HFC-32, a mixed refrigerant of HFO-1123 and HFO-1234yf, or HFO-1123, HFO-1234yf, and HFC-32. The refrigeration cycle apparatus according to claim 10, which is a mixed refrigerant.
- 請求項1乃至11のいずれか一項に記載の冷凍サイクル装置が搭載された熱サイクルシステム。 A thermal cycle system equipped with the refrigeration cycle apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 11.
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CN201680078565.9A CN109073295A (en) | 2016-01-12 | 2016-12-22 | Refrigerating circulatory device and heat circulating system |
EP16885119.4A EP3404342A4 (en) | 2016-01-12 | 2016-12-22 | Refrigeration cycle device and heat cycle system |
US16/032,654 US20180320942A1 (en) | 2016-01-12 | 2018-07-11 | Refrigeration cycle device and heat cycle system |
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CN109073295A (en) | 2018-12-21 |
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