JP6895622B2 - Working medium for refrigeration cycle and refrigeration cycle system - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a refrigeration cycle working medium capable of effectively suppressing or alleviating the disproportionation reaction of 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene and a refrigeration cycle system using the same.

Previously, HCFC (hydrochlorofluorocarbon) was used as the working medium (refrigerant or heat medium) for the refrigeration cycle, but HCFC has a great influence on ozone layer depletion. Therefore, in recent years, HFCs (hydrofluorocarbons) having an ozone depletion potential (ODP) of 0 have been used. A typical HFC is R410A (refrigerant number based on the Standard 34 standard of the American Society for Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE)).

However, since R410A has a large global warming potential (GWP), the use of hydrofluoroolefins (HFOs) having a smaller GWP has recently been proposed. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses that 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene (HFO1123) is used as the HFO. Patent Document 1 also discloses the combined use of HFCs such as difluoromethane (HFC32, R32) together with 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene.

Since 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene has lower stability than conventional HFCs and the like, it is unlikely to remain in the atmosphere, and therefore ODP and GWP are small. However, as suggested in Patent Document 2, due to the low stability of 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene, a self-polymerization reaction called a disproportionation reaction (hereinafter referred to as a disproportionation reaction). It is also known that (to be described) is likely to occur. The disproportionation reaction is likely to occur due to heat generation generated during the use of the working medium for the refrigeration cycle, and the disproportionation reaction is accompanied by a large heat release, so that the disproportionation reaction is chained. It is also known to occur in. As a result, a large amount of soot may be generated, which may reduce the reliability of the refrigeration cycle system or the compressors constituting this system.

International Publication No. 2012/15776 Pamphlet International Publication No. 2015/141679 Pamphlet

There are many unclear points about the disproportionation reaction of 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene. The disproportionation reaction is a reaction including a self-decomposition reaction of 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene and a polymerization reaction following the self-decomposition reaction, as will be described later. For example, in Patent Document 2, it is simply a reaction. Only the description is "self-polymerization reaction", and no specific study on the disproportionation reaction is described. Therefore, in Patent Document 2, rather than suppressing the occurrence of the disproportionation reaction itself, difluoromethane is mixed to reduce the content of 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene in the total amount of the working medium. Therefore, it is considered that the frequency of occurrence of the "self-polymerization reaction" is reduced.

Specifically, in Patent Document 2, the ratio of the total amount of 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene and difluoromethane to the total amount of the working medium is set to more than 90% by mass to 100% by mass or less, and 1,1,1 It is disclosed to limit the mass ratio of 2-trifluoroethylene / difluoromethane to the range of 21/79 to 39/61. However, in other words, if the content of 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene in the total amount of the working medium is more than 39% by mass, the "self-polymerization reaction" cannot be effectively suppressed.

The present invention has been made to solve such a problem, and the disproportionation reaction is effectively effective even when the content of 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene is relatively high. It is an object of the present invention to provide a working medium for a refrigerating cycle that can be suppressed or mitigated, and a refrigerating cycle system using the same.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the working medium for a refrigeration cycle according to the present disclosure contains at least 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene as a refrigerant component, and the 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene of the 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene. When a saturated hydrocarbon having 2 to 5 carbon atoms is contained as an unequaling inhibitor that suppresses the unequalization reaction, and the total amount of the refrigerant component and the unequaling inhibitor is 100% by mass, the above 1 , 1,2-Trifluoroethylene is 40% by mass or more, and the saturated hydrocarbon content is in the range of 0.6% by mass or more and 10% by mass or less.

According to the above configuration, saturated hydrocarbons as disproportionation inhibitors are mixed within a predetermined range with the refrigerant component containing 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene (HFO1123) as a main component. Become. In the disproportionation reaction of 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene, radicals such as fluorine radical, fluoromethyl radical, and fluoromethylene radical cause a chain branching reaction, and saturated hydrocarbons capture these radicals well. be able to. Therefore, even if the content of 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene in all the refrigerant components is increased, the disproportionation reaction can be effectively suppressed or the rapid progress of the disproportionation reaction can be alleviated. it can. As a result, the reliability of the working medium for the refrigeration cycle and the refrigeration cycle system using the working medium can be improved.

The present disclosure also includes a refrigeration cycle system configured using the refrigeration cycle actuating medium of the above configuration.

In the present invention, according to the above configuration, even when the content of 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene is relatively high, the disproportionation reaction can be effectively suppressed or alleviated. It has the effect of being able to provide a working medium and a refrigeration cycle system using the working medium.

(A) and (B) are schematic block diagrams showing an example of a refrigeration cycle system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

The working medium for a refrigeration cycle according to the present disclosure contains at least 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene as a refrigerant component, and is ununiform that suppresses the disproportionation reaction of the 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene. When saturated hydrocarbons having 2 to 5 carbon atoms are contained as the conversion inhibitor and the total amount of the refrigerant component and the disproportion inhibitor is 100% by mass, the 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene is used. The content is 40% by mass or more, and the content of the saturated hydrocarbon is in the range of 0.6% by mass or more and 10% by mass or less.

According to the above configuration, saturated hydrocarbons as disproportionation inhibitors are mixed within a predetermined range with the refrigerant component containing 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene (HFO1123) as a main component. Become. In the disproportionation reaction of 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene, radicals such as fluorine radical, fluoromethyl radical, and fluoromethylene radical cause a chain branching reaction, and saturated hydrocarbons capture these radicals well. be able to. Therefore, even if the content of 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene in all the refrigerant components is increased, the disproportionation reaction can be effectively suppressed or the rapid progress of the disproportionation reaction can be alleviated. it can. As a result, the reliability of the working medium for the refrigeration cycle and the refrigeration cycle system using the working medium can be improved.

In the refrigeration cycle working medium having the above configuration, the saturated hydrocarbon may be n-propane.

According to the above configuration, if the saturated hydrocarbon is n-propane, it acts as a better disproportionation reaction inhibitor.

Further, in the working medium for the refrigeration cycle having the above configuration, the content of the saturated hydrocarbon in the total amount of the refrigerant component and the disproportionation inhibitor is within the range of 1.0% by mass or more and 9.5% by mass or less. It may be configured to be.

According to the above configuration, if the saturated hydrocarbon content is mixed with 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene so as to be at least within the above range, the disproportionation reaction can be suppressed more effectively. The rapid progress can be further alleviated.

Further, the working medium for the refrigeration cycle having the above structure further contains difluoromethane as a refrigerant component, and the content of the difluoromethane in the total amount of the refrigerant component and the disproportionation inhibitor is less than 60% by mass. It may be configured to be.

According to the above configuration, as with 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene, it has little impact on the environment and contains difluoromethane, which is a good refrigerant component, so that it realizes good properties as an operating medium for a refrigeration cycle. be able to.

Further, the present disclosure also includes a refrigeration cycle system configured by using the refrigeration cycle actuating medium having the above configuration.

According to the above configuration, since the refrigeration cycle system is configured by using the above-mentioned working medium for the refrigeration cycle, an efficient refrigeration cycle system can be realized and the reliability of the refrigeration cycle system can be improved.

Hereinafter, typical embodiments of the present disclosure will be specifically described. The working medium for a refrigeration cycle according to the present disclosure contains at least 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene as a refrigerant component, and is ununiform that suppresses the disproportionation reaction of the 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene. When saturated hydrocarbons having 2 to 5 carbon atoms are contained as the conversion inhibitor and the total amount of the refrigerant component and the disproportionation inhibitor is 100% by mass, the content of 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene is high. It has a composition of 40% by mass or more and a saturated hydrocarbon content in the range of 0.6% by mass or more and 10% by mass or less.

The refrigeration cycle operating medium according to the present disclosure may contain a compound other than 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene as a refrigerant component. Further, the working medium for the refrigeration cycle according to the present disclosure may be composed of at least a refrigerant component and a disproportionation inhibitor, but may contain components other than these.

[Refrigerant component]
At least 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene (HFO1123) is used as the refrigerant component in the working medium for the refrigeration cycle according to the present disclosure. 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene has the structure of the following formula (1), and two hydrogen atoms (H) bonded to the carbon atom (C) at the 1-position of ethylene are fluorine (F). ), And one of the two hydrogen atoms bonded to the carbon atom at the 2-position is replaced with fluorine.

1,1,2-Trifluoroethylene contains a carbon-carbon double bond. Ozone in the atmosphere generates hydroxyl radicals (OH radicals) by a photochemical reaction, and the double bonds are easily decomposed by these hydroxyl radicals. Therefore, 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene has little effect on ozone layer depletion and global temperature.

However, 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene is also known to cause a rapid disproportionation reaction due to its good degradability. In this disproportionation reaction, a self-decomposition reaction in which molecules of 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene are decomposed occurs, and following this self-decomposition reaction, carbon generated by the decomposition is polymerized to form soot. Reactions and the like occur. When an active radical is generated due to heat generation or the like in a high temperature and high pressure state, the active radical reacts with 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene to generate the above-mentioned disproportionation reaction. Since this disproportionation reaction is accompanied by heat generation, active radicals are generated by this heat generation, and further, the disproportionation reaction is induced by the active radicals. In this way, the generation of active radicals and the generation of the disproportionation reaction are linked, so that the disproportionation reaction proceeds rapidly.

As a result of diligent studies by the present inventors, the active radicals that induce the disproportionation reaction of 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene are mainly fluorine radicals (F radicals) and trifluoromethyl radicals (CF ₃ radicals). , Difluoromethylene radical (CF ₂ radical) and other radicals were revealed. Therefore, by adding a substance (disproportionation inhibitor) capable of efficiently capturing F radicals, CF ₃ radicals, CF ₂ radicals, etc. to the working medium for the refrigeration cycle, a rapid disproportionation reaction is suppressed. Or tried to alleviate. As a result, it has been independently found that a saturated hydrocarbon having 2 to 5 carbon atoms, which has been conventionally known as an auxiliary refrigerant component, can be a suitable disproportionation inhibitor.

Here, the working medium for the refrigeration cycle according to the present disclosure may contain a compound (other refrigerant component) other than 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene as a refrigerant component. Hydro such as difluoromethane, difluoroethane, trifluoroethane, tetrafluoroethane, pentafluoroethane, pentafluoropropane, hexafluoropropane, heptafluoropropane, pentafluorobutane, and heptafluorocyclopentane are typical other refrigerant components. Fluorocarbon (HFC); Hydrofluoroolefins (HFOs) such as monofluoropropene, trifluoropropene, tetrafluoropropene, pentafluoropropene, and hexafluorobutene can be mentioned, but are not particularly limited.

Since these HFCs or HFOs are known to have little effect on ozone layer depletion and global warming, they can be used together with 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene as a refrigerant component. As for the other refrigerant components described above, only one type may be used in combination, or two or more types may be used in combination as appropriate. Among these, a particularly preferable example is difluoromethane (HFC32, R32).

The content of 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene in the working medium for the refrigeration cycle according to the present disclosure will be described later together with the content of saturated hydrocarbons having 2 to 5 carbon atoms, which are disproportionation inhibitors. ..

[Disproportionation inhibitor]
The disproportionation inhibitor added to the working medium for the refrigeration cycle according to the present disclosure is a saturated hydrocarbon having 2 to 5 carbon atoms. Specifically, ethane, n-propane, cyclopropane, n-butane, cyclobutane, isobutane (2-methylpropane), methylcyclopropane, n-pentane, isopentane (2-methylbutane), neopentane (2,2-dimethyl). Propane), methylcyclobutane and the like. Only one type of these saturated hydrocarbons may be used, or two or more types may be appropriately combined and used. Among these saturated hydrocarbons, n-propane is particularly preferable.

All of these saturated hydrocarbons are gaseous at room temperature (the boiling points of n-pentane and methylcyclobutane are highest at about 36 ° C, and the boiling points of other hydrocarbons are less than 36 ° C), and are components of the working medium for the refrigeration cycle. Can be mixed well. Saturated hydrocarbons having 6 or more carbon atoms are not preferable because they are liquid at room temperature and difficult to mix as components of the working medium for the refrigeration cycle. Further, a saturated hydrocarbon having 1 carbon atom, that is, methane is not preferable because it has a large global warming potential (GWP). Of the saturated hydrocarbons having 2 to 5 carbon atoms, cyclopentane has a boiling point of 49 ° C. and is a liquid at room temperature, but can be used as an disproportionation inhibitor depending on the conditions.

In the working medium for the refrigeration cycle according to the present disclosure, the content of 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene, which is the main component of the refrigerant component, is equal to or higher than a predetermined lower limit value, and the saturated hydrocarbon which is the disproportionation inhibitor The content is not more than a predetermined upper limit. Specifically, when the total amount of the refrigerant component and the disproportionation inhibitor (referred to as “total amount of refrigerant-related components”) among the components of the working medium for the refrigeration cycle is 100% by mass. The content of 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene is 40% by mass or more, and the content of saturated hydrocarbon is in the range of 0.6% by mass or more and 10% by mass or less.

If the content of 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene is less than 40% by mass of the total amount of the refrigerant-related components, the content of 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene in the working medium for the refrigeration cycle becomes too low. It will contain a large amount of other refrigerant components. Therefore, in the working medium for the refrigeration cycle, the advantage of using 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene having a small GWP cannot be sufficiently obtained.

The lower limit of the content of 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene may be 40% by mass as described above, but it is preferably 45% by mass or more, more preferably 50% by mass or more, and 70% by mass. % Or more is more preferable. As described above, since the upper limit of the content of the disproportionation inhibitor is 10% by mass, the lower limit of the refrigerant component excluding the disproportionation inhibitor is 90% by mass in the total amount of the refrigerant-related components. Therefore, if the content of 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene is 45% by mass or more, about half of the refrigerant component can be 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene, and thus 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene. Fluoroethylene can be the "main component" of the refrigerant component. Therefore, the advantage of using 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene can be sufficiently obtained while satisfactorily suppressing the occurrence or progress of the disproportionation reaction.

Further, if the content of 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene is set to 50% by mass or more, more than half of the total amount of the refrigerant-related components including the disproportionation inhibitor becomes 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene. Further, if the content of 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene is set to 60% by mass or more, the content of 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene among the refrigerant components excluding the disproportionation inhibitor can be used in combination. It can be more than double the amount of other refrigerant components. Therefore, the advantage of using 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene can be sufficiently obtained while further suppressing the occurrence or progress of the disproportionation reaction.

The upper limit of the content of 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene is not particularly limited, but may be 99.4% by mass or less of the total amount of the refrigerant-related components. Since the lower limit of the disproportion inhibitor is 0.6% by mass, only 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene is used as the refrigerant component, and no other refrigerant component is used (1,1 as the refrigerant component). , 2-Trifluoroethylene is 100% by mass), the upper limit of the content of 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene in the total amount of refrigerant-related components is inevitably 99.4% by mass.

When the working medium for the refrigeration cycle contains a refrigerant component other than 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene, 1,1,2-trifluoro is used depending on the type of the other refrigerant component used in combination. The upper limit of the ethylene content can be set as appropriate. Preferred upper limit values include, for example, 90% by mass or less, 80% by mass or less, or 70% by mass or less, but are not particularly limited. An example of a particularly preferable content of 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene in the case of containing other refrigerant components can be, but is not limited to, in the range of 70% by mass to 80% by mass.

The content of saturated hydrocarbon, which is a disproportionation inhibitor, may be up to 10% by mass as described above, but is preferably 9.5% by mass or less, and is 9.0% by mass or less. It is more preferable, and it is further preferable that it is 8.5% by mass or less.

The "combustibility" of a refrigerant is classified into nonflammable (A1), slightly flammable (A2L), flammable (A2), and highly flammable (A3) according to the international standard (ISO817: 2014). When the content of saturated hydrocarbon exceeds 10% by mass, the content of saturated hydrocarbon which is highly flammable (A3) becomes too large. Therefore, the composition of the refrigerant component (whether or not to mix other refrigerant components with respect to 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene which is the "main component", if mixed, the type and mixing ratio, etc.) or the saturated hydrocarbon. Regardless of the type, it is not preferable because there is a high possibility that the "combustibility" of the working medium for the refrigeration cycle will not be slightly flammable (A2L).

If the content of saturated hydrocarbon is 9.5% by mass or less, the "combustibility" of the working medium for refrigeration cycle is set to slightly flammable (A2L) according to the composition of the refrigerant component or the type of saturated hydrocarbon. It will be easier to do. Further, when the content of saturated hydrocarbon is 9.0% by mass or less, the "combustibility" of the working medium for refrigeration cycle is substantially slightly flammable regardless of the composition of the refrigerant component or the type of saturated hydrocarbon. It can be set to (A2L). Further, if the content of saturated hydrocarbon is 8.5% by mass or less, the volume content of saturated hydrocarbon is substantially the same as the total amount of refrigerant-related components, although it depends on the composition of the refrigerant component or the type of saturated hydrocarbon. It can be about 15% by volume or less. Therefore, the volume content of 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene (the "main component" of the refrigerant component) in the total amount of the refrigerant-related components can be set within a more preferable range.

The lower limit of the content of saturated hydrocarbon is 0.6% by mass as described above, but is preferably 1.0% by mass or more, more preferably 1.5% by mass or more. It is more preferable if it is 0% by mass or more.

As shown in Examples (Comparative Example 2) described later, if the content of saturated hydrocarbon is less than 0.6% by mass, the mixing amount (addition amount) is too small and 1,1,2-trifluoro The effect of suppressing the disproportionation reaction of ethylene cannot be obtained. Further, depending on the composition of the refrigerant component or the type of saturated hydrocarbon, a certain degree of suppressing effect of disproportionation reaction may be obtained, but the suppressing effect may be insufficient from a practical point of view.

When the working medium for a refrigeration cycle according to the present disclosure is used in a refrigeration cycle system as described later, it is compressed and liquefied by a compressor from a vaporized (evaporated) state. Here, for example, when the refrigeration cycle system is used for a long period of time, a layer short circuit (short circuit of the winding) may occur in the stator (stator) of the compression element included in the compressor depending on the degree of deterioration over time. According to the present inventors, in the layer short, discharge is experimentally confirmed about 5 times. Therefore, experimentally, it is desirable that the occurrence or progress of the disproportionation reaction of 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene is suppressed even if at least five discharges occur. Therefore, in order to substantially suppress the disproportionation reaction even if more than 5 discharges (6 times or more) occur, the lower limit of the saturated hydrocarbon may be 0.6% by mass or more. ..

Further, when the content of saturated hydrocarbon is 1.0% by mass or more, the disproportionation reaction can be more appropriately suppressed as shown in Example (Example 1) described later. Further, if it is 1.5% by mass or more, suppression of the disproportionation reaction can be expected even if the number of discharges exceeds 6, and if it is 2.0% by mass or more, the number of discharges is about 10 times. Even if it reaches, the suppression of the disproportionation reaction can be expected.

As described above, the working medium for the refrigeration cycle according to the present disclosure is a saturated hydrocarbon having 2 to 5 carbon atoms as a disproportionation inhibitor with respect to a refrigerant component containing 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene as a main component. Is added in a predetermined amount. This saturated hydrocarbon can satisfactorily capture the F radicals generated during the chained progress of the disproportionation reaction. Therefore, the disproportionation reaction of 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene can be effectively suppressed, and the rapid progress of the disproportionation reaction can be alleviated. As a result, the reliability of the working medium for the refrigeration cycle and the refrigeration cycle system using the working medium can be improved.

Both Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 disclose, as a "thermodynamic working medium", a composition containing 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene and a hydrocarbon having 3 to 5 carbon atoms. ing. However, the working medium for the refrigeration cycle according to the present disclosure is essentially different from the "working medium for the thermal cycle" disclosed in these patent documents.

For example, the working medium disclosed in Patent Document 1 contains at least 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene, and as selectable components, hydrocarbons, HFCs (hydrofluorocarbons), HCFOs (hydrochlorofluoroolefins). ), CFO (chlorofluoroolefin) and the like. As a specific composition disclosed in Patent Document 1, the content of 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene in 100% by mass of the working medium is in the range of 60 to 100% by mass, and the content of hydrocarbon is in the range of 60 to 100% by mass. Is in the range of 1 to 40% by mass, the content of HFC is 1 to 99% by mass, and the total content of HCFO and CFO is 1 to 60% by mass.

However, it is considered that the composition disclosed in Patent Document 1 cannot provide a practical working medium. That is, in Patent Document 1, if 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene is 100% by mass in 100% by mass of the working medium, the disproportionation inhibitor of the present disclosure is not included, so that a disproportionation reaction occurs. It ends up. Further, when 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene and a hydrocarbon are used in combination, the content of the hydrocarbon is 1 to 40% by mass. Therefore, if it exceeds 10% by mass, the working medium is slightly flammable (A2L). ), And the larger the content, the more flammable (A2) is exhibited. Further, Patent Document 1 has no disclosure or suggestion regarding the disproportionation reaction, and the purpose of adding the hydrocarbon is merely to improve the solubility of the working medium in the mineral lubricating oil. Therefore, depending on the type of lubricating oil, it may not be necessary to mix hydrocarbons.

Next, as described above, the working medium disclosed in Patent Document 2 specifically refers to the "self-polymerization reaction", in which difluoromethane is mixed with 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene. It is clearly stated that the "self-polymerization reaction" is suppressed by suppressing the content of 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene. Also in Patent Document 2, the purpose of adding the hydrocarbon is only to improve the solubility in the refrigerating machine oil, and it is not necessary to mix the hydrocarbon depending on the type of the refrigerating machine oil.

The working medium for a refrigeration cycle according to the present disclosure contains 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene as the "main component" of the refrigerant component, and has 2 carbon atoms as a disproportionation inhibitor in a predetermined range. It is a configuration containing ~ 5 saturated hydrocarbons. Therefore, as described above, as disclosed in Patent Document 1 or 2, the working medium containing 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene but optionally adding a hydrocarbon is used for the refrigeration cycle according to the present disclosure. It goes without saying that it is completely different from the working medium.

[Other ingredients that can be used together]
Since the working medium for the refrigeration cycle according to the present disclosure is used in the refrigeration cycle system, it can be used in combination with the lubricating oil for lubricating the compressor provided in the refrigeration cycle system. As described above, the working medium for the refrigeration cycle according to the present disclosure includes a refrigerant component containing 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene as a substantially "main component" and the above-mentioned saturated hydrocarbon having 2 to 5 carbon atoms. It may be composed of at least an disproportionation inhibitor composed of. Furthermore, when the working medium for the refrigeration cycle is used in combination with the lubricating oil, it can be considered that the working medium-containing composition is composed of the refrigerant component, the disproportionation inhibitor, the lubricating oil component, and other components. it can.

As the lubricating oil component contained in the working medium-containing composition (used together with the working medium for the refrigeration cycle), various lubricating oils known in the refrigeration cycle system can be preferably used. Specific examples of the lubricating oil include ester-based lubricating oils, ether-based lubricating oils, glycol-based lubricating oils, alkylbenzene-based lubricating oils, fluorine-based lubricating oils, mineral oils, hydrocarbon-based synthetic oils, and the like. Not limited. Only one type of these lubricating oils may be used, or two or more types may be appropriately combined and used.

In addition, various known additives other than the disproportionation inhibitor may be added to the working medium-containing composition. Specific examples include, but are not limited to, antioxidants, moisture scavengers, metal deactivators, anti-wear agents, antifoaming agents and the like. Antioxidants are used to improve the thermal stability, oxidation resistance, chemical stability, etc. of the refrigerant component or lubricating oil. Moisture scavengers are used to remove water when it has entered the refrigeration cycle system, and in particular to suppress changes in the properties of the lubricating oil. Metal inactivating agents are used to suppress or prevent chemical reactions due to the catalytic action of metal components. The anti-wear agent is used to reduce wear on sliding parts in the compressor, especially during high pressure operation. The defoaming agent is used especially for suppressing the generation of air bubbles in the lubricating oil.

The specific types of these additives are not particularly limited, and known compounds and the like can be preferably used depending on various conditions. Further, as these additives, only one kind of compound or the like may be used, or two or more kinds of compounds or the like may be appropriately combined and used. Further, the amount of these additives added is not particularly limited, and they should be added within a known range as long as the properties of the working medium for refrigeration cycle or the working medium-containing composition containing the same are not impaired. Can be done.

Further, in the working medium for a refrigeration cycle according to the present disclosure, as the disproportionation inhibitor, a compound other than the saturated hydrocarbon having 2 to 5 carbon atoms described above, which can suppress the disproportionation reaction, is used. It can also be used together. Examples of such other disproportionation inhibitors include halomethane (methane halide) having the structure of the following formula (2).

CH _m X _n ... (2)
However, X in the formula (2) is a halogen atom selected from the group consisting of fluorine (F), chlorine (Cl), bromine (Br), and iodine (I), and m is an integer of 0 or more. n is an integer of 1 or more, and the sum of n and m is 4, and when n is 2 or more, X is the same or different kind of halogen atom.

Specific examples of such halomethane include (mono) iodomethane (CH ₃ I), diiodomethane (CH ₂ I ₂ ), dibromomethane (CH ₂ Br ₂ ), bromomethane (CH ₃ Br), and dichloromethane ( CH ₂ Cl ₂ ), Chloroiodomethane (CH ₂ ClI), Dibromochloromethane (CHBr ₂ Cl), _{Dichloromethane (CI 4} ), Carbon tetrabromide (CBr ₄ ), Bromotrichloromethane (CBrCl ₃ ), Dibromodichloromethane (CBr ₂ Cl ₂ ), tribromofluoromethane (CBr ₃ F), fluoroiodomethane (CHFI ₂ ), difluorodiiodomethane (CF ₂ I ₂ ), dibromodifluoromethane (CBr ₂ F ₂ ), trifluoro Examples thereof include iodomethane (CF ₃ I), but the present invention is not particularly limited. Only one type of these halomethanes may be used, or two or more types may be appropriately combined and used.

The content of these halomethanes is not particularly limited, but when used in combination with a saturated hydrocarbon having 2 to 5 carbon atoms as a disproportionation inhibitor, the total amount of these disproportionation inhibitors is 10% by mass or less. May be mixed (added) with halomethane. By adding these halomethanes, the "combustibility" of saturated hydrocarbons can be suppressed. Therefore, not only can the disproportionation reaction of 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene be suppressed more effectively, but also the "combustibility" of the working medium for the refrigeration cycle can be further reduced.

[Configuration example of refrigeration cycle system]
Next, an example of a refrigeration cycle system configured by using the refrigeration cycle working medium according to the present disclosure will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 (A) and 1 (B).

The specific configuration of the refrigeration cycle system according to the present disclosure is not particularly limited, and any component such as a compressor, a condenser, an expansion means, and an evaporator may be connected by piping. Specific application examples of the refrigeration cycle system according to the present disclosure are also not particularly limited, and for example, an air conditioner (air conditioner), a refrigerator (household or commercial use), a dehumidifier, a showcase, an ice maker, and a heat pump type hot water supply. Machines, heat pump type washer-dryers, vending machines, etc. can be mentioned.

An air conditioner will be described as a typical application example of the refrigeration cycle system according to the present disclosure. Specifically, as schematically shown in the block diagram of FIG. 1A, the air conditioner 10 according to the present embodiment includes an indoor unit 11, an outdoor unit 12, and a pipe 13 connecting them. The indoor unit 11 includes a heat exchanger 14, and the outdoor unit 12 includes a heat exchanger 15, a compressor 16, and a decompression device 17.

The heat exchanger 14 of the indoor unit 11 and the heat exchanger 15 of the outdoor unit 12 are connected in an annular shape by a pipe 13, whereby a refrigeration cycle is formed. Specifically, the heat exchanger 14 of the indoor unit 11, the compressor 16, the heat exchanger 15 of the outdoor unit 12, and the decompression device 17 are connected in an annular shape by the pipe 13 in this order. Further, a four-way valve 18 for switching air conditioning is provided in the pipe 13 connecting the heat exchanger 14, the compressor 16, and the heat exchanger 15. The indoor unit 11 is provided with a blower fan, a temperature sensor, an operation unit and the like (not shown), and the outdoor unit 12 is provided with a blower, an accumulator and the like (not shown). Further, the pipe 13 is provided with various valve devices (including a four-way valve 18), a strainer, and the like (not shown).

The heat exchanger 14 included in the indoor unit 11 exchanges heat between the indoor air sucked into the indoor unit 11 by the blower fan and the refrigerant flowing inside the heat exchanger 14. The indoor unit 11 blows air warmed by heat exchange into the room during heating, and blows air cooled by heat exchange into the room during cooling. The heat exchanger 15 included in the outdoor unit 12 exchanges heat between the outside air sucked into the outdoor unit 12 by the blower and the refrigerant flowing inside the heat exchanger 15.

The specific configuration of the indoor unit 11 and the outdoor unit 12, the heat exchanger 14, the heat exchanger 15, the compressor 16, the decompression device 17, the four-way valve 18, the blower fan, the temperature sensor, the operation unit, the blower, and the like. The specific configuration of the accumulator, other valve device, strainer, etc. is not particularly limited, and a known configuration can be preferably used.

An example of the operation of the air conditioner 10 shown in FIG. 1A will be specifically described. First, in the cooling operation or the dehumidifying operation, the compressor 16 of the outdoor unit 12 compresses and discharges the gas refrigerant, whereby the gas refrigerant is sent to the heat exchanger 15 of the outdoor unit 12 via the four-way valve 18. Since the heat exchanger 15 exchanges heat between the outside air and the gas refrigerant, the gas refrigerant condenses and liquefies. The liquefied liquid refrigerant is depressurized by the decompression device 17 and sent to the heat exchanger 14 of the indoor unit 11. In the heat exchanger 14, the liquid refrigerant evaporates to become a gas refrigerant by heat exchange with the indoor air. This gas refrigerant returns to the compressor 16 of the outdoor unit 12 via the four-way valve 18. The compressor 16 compresses the gas refrigerant and discharges it to the heat exchanger 15 again via the four-way valve 18.

Further, in the heating operation, the compressor 16 of the outdoor unit 12 compresses and discharges the gas refrigerant, whereby the gas refrigerant is sent to the heat exchanger 14 of the indoor unit 11 via the four-way valve 18. In the heat exchanger 14, the gas refrigerant condenses and liquefies due to heat exchange with the indoor air. The liquefied liquid refrigerant is decompressed by the decompression device 17 to become a gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant, and is sent to the heat exchanger 15 of the outdoor unit 12. Since the heat exchanger 15 exchanges heat between the outside air and the gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant, the gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant evaporates to become a gas refrigerant and returns to the compressor 16. The compressor 16 compresses the gas refrigerant and discharges it to the heat exchanger 14 of the indoor unit 11 again via the four-way valve 18.

Further, as another typical application example of the refrigeration cycle system according to the present disclosure, a refrigerator will be described as an example. Specifically, for example, as schematically shown in the block diagram of FIG. 1B, the refrigerator 20 according to the present embodiment includes the compressor 21, the condenser 22, the decompression device 23, and the evaporation shown in FIG. It is provided with a vessel 24, a pipe 25, and the like. Although not shown, the refrigerator 20 also includes a housing as a main body, a blower, an operation unit, a control unit, and the like.

The compressor 21 compresses the refrigerant gas into a high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant. The condenser 22 cools and liquefies the refrigerant. The decompression device 23 is composed of, for example, a capillary tube, and decompresses the liquefied refrigerant (liquid refrigerant). The evaporator 24 evaporates the refrigerant into a low-temperature low-pressure gas refrigerant. The compressor 21, the condenser 22, the decompression device 23, and the evaporator 24 are connected in a ring shape in this order by a pipe 25 for circulating the refrigerant gas, thereby forming a refrigeration cycle.

The configurations of the compressor 21, the condenser 22, the decompression device 23, the evaporator 24, the piping 25, the main body housing, the blower, the operation unit, the control unit, and the like are not particularly limited, and known configurations can be preferably used. it can. Further, the refrigerator 20 may have a known configuration other than these.

An example of the operation of the refrigerator 20 shown in FIG. 1B will be specifically described. The compressor 21 compresses the gas refrigerant and discharges it to the condenser 22. The condenser 22 cools the gas refrigerant into a liquid refrigerant. The liquid refrigerant is depressurized by passing through the depressurizing device 23 and sent to the evaporator 24. In the evaporator 24, the liquid refrigerant takes heat from the surroundings and vaporizes, becomes a gas refrigerant, and returns to the compressor 21. The compressor 21 compresses the gas refrigerant and discharges it to the condenser 22 again.

Such an air conditioner 10 or a refrigerator 20 is a refrigeration cycle system configured by using the above-mentioned refrigeration cycle working medium. 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene used as a working medium for a refrigeration cycle has good properties as a refrigerant component and has a small ODP and GWP. Therefore, it is possible to realize an efficient refrigeration cycle system while reducing the impact on the environment.

Moreover, the working medium for a refrigeration cycle according to the present disclosure contains at least 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene as a refrigerant component at a predetermined lower limit value or more, and has 2 to 5 carbon atoms as an disproportionation inhibitor. Contains saturated hydrocarbons in a predetermined range. Therefore, even if heat is generated during the operation of the refrigeration cycle, the occurrence of a chain disproportionation reaction of 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene can be avoided, suppressed or mitigated. As a result, it is possible to effectively avoid the generation of soot due to the chain disproportionation reaction, so that the reliability of the refrigeration cycle working medium and the refrigeration cycle system using the same can be improved.

The present invention will be described in more detail based on Examples and Comparative Examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art may make various changes, modifications, and modifications without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. The measurements and evaluations of various synthetic reactions and physical properties in the following examples were carried out as follows.

(Experimental system of disproportionation reaction)
A pressure sensor (manufactured by Balcom Co., Ltd.) that measures the internal pressure inside a closed pressure-resistant container (Teflon inner cylinder closed container TAF-SR [trade name], internal volume 50 mL) manufactured by Pressure-Resistant Glass Industry Co., Ltd. VESVM10-2m [trade name]), a thermocouple for measuring the internal temperature inside the pressure-resistant container (PL thermocouple ground PL-18-KA 4-T [trade name] manufactured by Conax Technologies), and the pressure-resistant container. A discharge device (UH-1 series mini mini welder [trade name] manufactured by AS ONE Co., Ltd.) for generating a discharge inside is installed, and 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene (manufactured by SynQuest Laboratories, Hydras Chemical), which is a refrigerant component, is installed. Sold by Co., Ltd., a gas cylinder containing 5% limonene (liquid phase) as a stabilizer) was connected so that the pressure could be adjusted. Further, the pressure sensor and the thermometer were connected to a data logger (GL220 type [trade name] manufactured by Graphtec Corporation, sampling interval of 10 milliseconds at the minimum). As a result, an experimental system for the disproportionation reaction was constructed. Since the upper limit of measurement of the thermocouple used in the experimental system is about 1000 ° C., the internal temperature of the pressure-resistant container in the following comparative example or implementation is treated as a reference value especially when it exceeds 1000 ° C.

(Comparative Example 1)
In the above experimental system, 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene was introduced from a gas cylinder into a pressure-resistant container. The internal pressure (pressure of 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene) at this time was 1.28 MPa.

In order to induce the disproportionation reaction of 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene, a discharge was generated by a discharge device at an internal temperature of about 24 ° C. (297.65 K), and the internal pressure and internal temperature were measured by a data logger. .. As a result, an internal pressure of 7.867 MPa and an internal temperature of about 884 ° C. (1157.45 K) were measured within 1 to 2 seconds after one discharge was generated. After that, when the inside of the pressure-resistant container was checked after the internal pressure and the internal temperature were sufficiently lowered, it was confirmed that a considerable amount of soot was generated.

(Example 1)
In the above experimental system, 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene was introduced from a gas cylinder into a pressure-resistant container, and 1.1% by mass (2.0% by volume) of n-propane as a disproportionation inhibitor was added. It was added in an amount.

In order to induce the disproportionation reaction of 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene, discharges were generated multiple times by a discharge device at an internal temperature of about 27 ° C. (300 K), and the internal pressure and internal temperature were measured by a data logger. .. As a result, no significant increase or decrease in temperature was observed even after repeating the discharge 6 times. After that, the inside of the pressure-resistant container was checked after the internal pressure and the internal temperature were sufficiently lowered, but no soot was generated.

(Example 2)
In the above experimental system, 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene was introduced from the gas cylinder into the pressure-resistant container, and 2.8% by mass (5.0% by volume) of n-propane as a disproportionation inhibitor was added. It was added in an amount.

In order to induce the disproportionation reaction of 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene, discharges were generated multiple times by a discharge device at an internal temperature of about 27 ° C. (300 K), and the internal pressure and internal temperature were measured by a data logger. .. As a result, no significant increase or decrease in temperature was observed even after repeating the discharge 11 times. After that, the inside of the pressure-resistant container was checked after the internal pressure and the internal temperature were sufficiently lowered, but no soot was generated.

(Comparative Example 2)
In the above experimental system, 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene was introduced from the gas cylinder into the pressure-resistant container, and 0.5% by mass (1.0% by volume) of n-propane as a disproportionation inhibitor was added. It was added in an amount.

In order to induce the disproportionation reaction of 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene, a discharge was generated by a discharge device at an internal temperature of about 27 ° C. (300 K), and the internal pressure and internal temperature were measured by a data logger. As a result, an internal pressure of 7.5 MPa and an internal temperature of about 1339 ° C. (1612K) were measured within 1 to 2 seconds after one discharge was generated. After that, when the inside of the pressure-resistant container was checked after the internal pressure and the internal temperature were sufficiently lowered, it was confirmed that a considerable amount of soot was generated.

(Comparison of Comparative Example and Example)
From the results of Comparative Example 1, by generating an electric discharge in the pressure-resistant container in the experimental system, a disproportionation reaction occurs in 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene, and this disproportionation reaction is chained and rapidly. It can be seen that it progresses to. On the other hand, from the results of Examples 1 and 2, n-propane having 3 carbon atoms, which is a saturated hydrocarbon having 2 to 5 carbon atoms, is added in the range of 0.6% by mass or more and 10% by mass or less. It can be seen that the disproportionation reaction of 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene is effectively suppressed.

However, from the results of Comparative Example 2, if the saturated hydrocarbon having 2 to 5 carbon atoms is less than 0.6% by mass, the content (mixing amount, addition amount) is too small and 1,1,2-tri. It can be seen that the disproportionation reaction of fluoroethylene cannot be effectively suppressed.

The present invention is not limited to the description of the above-described embodiment, and various modifications can be made within the scope of the claims, and the present invention is disclosed in different embodiments and a plurality of modifications. Embodiments obtained by appropriately combining the above technical means are also included in the technical scope of the present invention.

The present invention can be suitably used in the field of an operating medium used in a refrigeration cycle, and is also an air conditioner (air conditioner), a refrigerator (household or commercial use), a dehumidifier, a showcase, an ice maker, and a heat pump type. It can be widely and suitably used in the field of refrigeration cycle systems such as water heaters, heat pump type washer / dryers, and vending machines.

10 Air conditioner (refrigeration cycle system)
11 Indoor unit 12 Outdoor unit 13 Piping 14 Heat exchanger 15 Heat exchanger 16 Compressor 17 Decompression device 18 Four-way valve 20 Refrigerator (refrigerator cycle system)
21 Compressor 22 Condenser 23 Decompressor 24 Evaporator 25 Piping

Claims (4)

It contains at least 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene as a refrigerant component and n-propane as a disproportionation inhibitor that suppresses the disproportionation reaction of 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene. ,
When the total amount of the refrigerant component and the disproportionation inhibitor is 100% by mass, the content of 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene is more than 64% by mass and the content of n-propane is contained. amount Ri der within the following ranges 0.6 mass% 2.8 mass%,
The 1,1,2-trifluorotilene is characterized in that it does not undergo a disproportionation reaction even when discharged at an internal pressure of 1.28 MPa and an internal temperature of 300 K.
Working medium for refrigeration cycle. Further, it is characterized by containing difluoromethane as a refrigerant component.
The working medium for a refrigeration cycle according to claim 1. It is composed of 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene and difluoromethane as refrigerant components, and n-propane as a disproportionation inhibitor that suppresses the disproportionation reaction of 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene. ,
When the total amount of the refrigerant component and the disproportionation inhibitor is 100% by mass, the content of 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene is more than 64% by mass and the content of n-propane is contained. amount Ri der within the following ranges 0.6 mass% 2.8 mass%,
The 1,1,2-trifluorotilene is characterized in that it does not undergo a disproportionation reaction even when discharged at an internal pressure of 1.28 MPa and an internal temperature of 300 K.
Working medium for refrigeration cycle. A refrigeration cycle system configured by using the working medium for a refrigeration cycle according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

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