WO2017121071A1 - 抛秧机的取秧装置 - Google Patents

抛秧机的取秧装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017121071A1
WO2017121071A1 PCT/CN2016/085979 CN2016085979W WO2017121071A1 WO 2017121071 A1 WO2017121071 A1 WO 2017121071A1 CN 2016085979 W CN2016085979 W CN 2016085979W WO 2017121071 A1 WO2017121071 A1 WO 2017121071A1
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Prior art keywords
clamping
picking
belt
seedling
disposed
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PCT/CN2016/085979
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
彭忠圣
胡爱清
汤健
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彭忠圣
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Publication of WO2017121071A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017121071A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C11/00—Transplanting machines
    • A01C11/003—Transplanting machines for aquatic plants; for planting underwater, e.g. rice
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C11/00—Transplanting machines
    • A01C11/02—Transplanting machines for seedlings
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C11/00—Transplanting machines
    • A01C11/006—Other parts or details or planting machines

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of agricultural rice planting machinery, in particular to a picking device for a throwing machine.
  • Rice is one of the most important food crops in the world. More than half of the world's population is mainly rice.
  • the rice growing industry is mainly distributed in the Asian monsoon region. China is the world's largest rice producing country.
  • the rice planting industry is a labor-intensive agriculture with high labor intensity. It requires a lot of labor to intensively work.
  • farmers generally work in manual labor. Although in the past decade or two, the use of electricity for irrigation and threshing has developed rapidly, chemical fertilizers and pesticides. The use of the gradual increase, but the planting transplant is still based on manual, therefore, in general, the mechanization and technology level is still relatively low.
  • rice seedlings or seedlings are generally used for planting rice, and then the seedlings are planted in the paddy field by transplanting or throwing, and the planting is completed by mechanical transplanting.
  • the order is arranged, the plant spacing is uniform, and the empty plants are very Less, no multi-plants.
  • the rice transplanter inserts the seedlings into the paddy field by picking up the claws in the picking device.
  • the seedlings are easily damaged or the hooks are caused, which results in long seedling time, slow channel separation, and ultimately affects the yield. And other issues.
  • the throwing method is usually done by a throwing machine.
  • the throwing machine is first used to take the picking device, and then the seedlings are thrown into the paddy field to complete the planting.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a picking device for a throwing machine to solve the problems of the prior art.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a picking device for a throwing machine, comprising a transmission device and a clamping device fixed to the frame, wherein:
  • the transmission device includes a first pulley set, a second pulley set and an array of take-up belts whose radii match the height of the seedlings, the take-up belts being a set of two, the phase of the first pulley set Seedlings are placed between adjacent belt pulleys Passing the groove, the take-up tape is wound between the first pulley set and the second pulley set and tensioned;
  • the clamping device is disposed between and adjacent to the first take-up belt, and the clamping device comprises a clamping assembly consisting of a clamping belt clamping restraint and an suspension plate.
  • a clamping assembly consisting of a clamping belt clamping restraint and an suspension plate.
  • One end of the suspension plate is connected to the frame, the take-up strap clamping restrainer is disposed at the other end of the suspension plate, and both ends of the pick-up strap clamping restraint are symmetrically disposed to be placed Take the take-up belt with the restraining groove.
  • the picking device further includes a stretching device, the opening device is disposed between the adjacent picking straps, and distributed in the Between the second pulley set and the clamping device, wherein
  • the bracket plate is fixedly connected to the frame
  • the expanders are cylindrically disposed symmetrically on the support plate, and the expanders are disposed between adjacent ones of the take-up straps.
  • the take-up strap clamping restraint and the expander are disposed along a running direction of the pick-up strap, and The tape clamping restraint and the expander are disposed in the same horizontal direction.
  • the clamping device further includes a clamping force applying device symmetrically disposed on both sides of the clamping assembly.
  • the clamping device further includes a positioning plate for positioning the clamping assembly, the positioning plate and the suspension plate are detachably fixed, Fixed connection to the frame.
  • the picking strap includes a PU picking strap.
  • the clamping urging device comprises a spring steel sheet.
  • the seedling passing through the groove in the first pulley group is provided, and the depth of the seedling through the groove is set according to the height of the seedling, thereby ensuring that the seedling can pass safely and smoothly when passing, avoiding excessive bending.
  • the clamping device clamps the slinging belt, so that the slinging belt has a certain clamping force, the seedling can be smoothly clamped, and the seedling is transported by the slinging belt, and the invention solves the problem of throwing During the process of picking up the hoe, the seedlings are not damaged, and the continuity of the sputum is good, and no lingering is left. By ensuring the integrity of the seedlings during the mulching process, the seedlings can be successfully grown in the future. foundation.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a picking device of a throwing machine according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a first pulley group according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a second pulley set according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a front view of a clamping device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a top plan view of a clamping device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a left side view of a clamping assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a front elevational view of a clamping assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 8 is a left side view of a spreading device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a top view of a spreading device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the picking device includes a frame 1 and a transmission device and a clamping device 3 fixed to the frame 1.
  • the transmission device comprises a first pulley set 2, a second pulley set 6 and an array of pick-up belts 4, the first pulley set 2 and the second pulley set 6 being respectively disposed on the two of the frame 1 At the end, the take-up belt 4 connects the first pulley set 2 and the second pulley set 6.
  • the first pulley set 2 is connected to the power input device of the throwing machine, and the power is transmitted through the picking belt 4, so that the picking device of the throwing machine operates normally.
  • the radius of the first pulley set 2 is set according to the height of the seedlings, so that the seedlings can smoothly pass through the first pulley set 2, and the seedlings are prevented from being bent excessively when passing through the first pulley set 2.
  • the take-up strap 4 is wound around the first pulley set 2 and the second pulley set 6 and is tensioned.
  • the take-up strap 4 in the embodiment of the present invention is set in groups of two, and can be set as needed.
  • the first pulley set 2 and the second pulley set 6 are matched by a different number of sets of the plurality of take-up belts 4.
  • the lowest end of the pulley in the first pulley set 2 and the lowest end of the pulley in the second pulley set 6 are on the same plane, when the seedlings are in the first pulley set 2 and the second pulley set 6
  • the belt 4 is taken, the seedlings are in a clamping state, which facilitates the transportation of the seedlings between the picking devices.
  • the take-up belt 4 is made of PU (Polyurethane) or rubber material, which has certain toughness and certain elasticity, and can be avoided between the take-up belts 4 The seedlings were taken from the belt 4 for frictional damage.
  • the take-up belt 4 is made of a PU material, which has the advantages of good tensile strength, tear strength, impact resistance, wear resistance, hydrolysis resistance and oil resistance.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a first pulley set according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the first pulley set 2 includes a first pulley axle 21, a first pulley 22, and a seedling passing slot 23, adjacent to the A seedling passing groove 23 is disposed between the first pulleys 22, and after the seedlings pass through the seedlings through the grooves 23, the seedlings are smoothly taken out of the first pulley group 2 and sandwiched between the picking belts 4. All the first pulleys 22 are disposed on the first pulley shaft 21, and the number of the first pulleys 22 can be set and adjusted according to the number of rows of the seedlings in the tray, and the seedlings pass through the slots 23.
  • the width and depth are set according to the individual size of the seedlings, in order to pass the seedlings smoothly and safely.
  • the first pulley group 2 in the present invention may be a pulley group composed of a plurality of pulleys and pulley shafts, or may be an integral pulley with a shaft wheel integral.
  • the first pulley group 2 in this embodiment is an axle.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a second pulley set according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the second pulley set 6 includes a second pulley shaft 62 and a second pulley 61, and each of the second pulleys 61 A groove is arranged on the upper side, and the take-up belt 4 is disposed in the groove to prevent a large change in the position of the take-up belt 4, so as to affect the completion of the entire picking process.
  • the distance between the grooves between the adjacent second pulleys 61 can be adjusted. After the seedlings pass through the clamping device 3, the distance between the picking belts 4 disposed in the grooves should be greater than that of the picking belts 4.
  • the second pulley set 6 in the present invention may be a pulley set composed of a plurality of pulleys and pulley axles, or may be an integral pulley of a shaft-wheel integral.
  • the second pulley set 6 in this embodiment is an axle. An integrated overall pulley set.
  • the clamping device 3 comprises a clamping assembly 33 consisting of a pick-up strap clamping restraint 31 and a suspension plate 32, one end of which is connected On the cross member 11 of the frame 1, the pick-up strap clamping restraint 31 has a cylindrical shape and is disposed at the other end of the suspension plate 32.
  • the suspension plate 32 is perpendicular to the radial direction of the pick-up strap clamping restraint 31, and the pick-up strap clamping restraint 31 and the suspension plate 32 may be made in one piece, or the A suspension plate 32 is embedded in the pick-up strap clamping restraint 31, and a different number of the pick-up strap clamping restraints 31 can be disposed on the suspension panel 32 according to the clamping distance, in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the suspension plate 32 is provided with three of the pick-up strap clamping restraints 31.
  • the take-up strap clamping restraint 31 is a cylinder, and the axial direction of the pick-up strap clamping restraint is consistent with the running direction of the seedling, and the two ends of the pick-up strap clamping the restrainer 31 Symmetrically disposed with a pick-up band restraining groove 34 for placing the pick-up strap 4, the pick-up band restraining groove 34 is located at a bottom cut surface of the first pulley set 2 and the second pulley set 6 On the same plane, the take-up band restraining groove 34 may further define the position of the take-up band 4.
  • the clamping device 3 of the embodiment of the invention further comprises a positioning plate 36, and the positioning plate 36 is uniformly arranged with positioning.
  • a slot, a slot of the suspension plate 32 adjacent to the beam 11 is provided with a hollow slot, the positioning plate 36 passes through a hollow slot of the suspension plate 32, the positioning slot corresponds to the hollow slot, and the array is clamped
  • the assembly 33 is evenly disposed on the positioning plate 36, wherein the suspension plate 32 at the intermediate position is fixedly disposed on the positioning plate 36, and the remaining suspension plates 32 are movably connected with the positioning plate 36.
  • the clamping assembly 33 is coupled to the beam 11 by the positioning plate 36.
  • the clamping device 3 further includes a clamping urging device 35 symmetrically disposed on both sides of the clamping assembly 33, one end of the clamping urging device 35 and the frame 1 is connected by an adjusting nut, away from the suspension plate 32, and the other end is in contact with the suspension plate 32, adjacent to the pick-up strap clamping restraint 31, the clamping urging device 35 and the suspension plate There is an angle between the 32, and by adjusting the angle between the clamping urging device 35 and the suspension plate 32, the clamping urging device 35 applies different forces to the suspension plate 32.
  • the suspension plate 32 which is movably connected to the positioning plate 36, is clamped After the force applied by the force applying device 35, the hollow groove is engaged with the positioning groove, so that the suspension plate 32 and the positioning plate 36 are fixed in position, so that the displacement between the adjacent suspension plates 32 is changed, thereby adjusting
  • the distance between the clamping assemblies 33 adjusts the distance between the pick-up straps 4 between the pick-up strap clamping restraints 31, ultimately ensuring that the seedlings can pass through without being hurt.
  • the clamping device 3 is described.
  • the clamping urging device 35 can be made of a spring steel sheet, a spring, an elastic polyurethane or a rubber, and the clamping urging device 35 in the embodiment of the invention is made of a spring steel sheet.
  • Spring steel mainly has good elasticity, and because it works under dynamic load environment conditions, it has high yield strength; it does not cause plastic deformation when subjected to heavy load; it has high fatigue strength and has repeated load action. Long service life; and sufficient toughness and plasticity to prevent sudden breakage under impact.
  • the picking device provided by the embodiment of the present invention controls the distance between the picking belts 4 in the vicinity of the second pulley group 6 by adjusting the distance between the grooves of the second pulley 61 during the picking process.
  • the seedlings 4 can also be restrained by the opening device 5, as shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 8 and FIG.
  • the opening device 5 is disposed between the adjacent picking belts 4, and Distributed between the second pulley set 6 and the clamping device 3, the expansion device 5 includes a bracket plate 51 and a spreader 52, wherein the bracket plate 51 is fixedly coupled to the frame 1;
  • the expanders 52 are symmetrically disposed on the bracket plate 51 in sequence, one end of the expander 52 is fixedly coupled to the bracket plate 51, and the expander 52 is disposed between the adjacent pick-up straps 4.
  • the expander 52 and the pick-up strap clamping restraint 31 are disposed along the running direction of the pick-up strap 4 and in the same horizontal direction.
  • the expander 52 may be cylindrical, with a guide cylindrical or triangular column shape, and the expander 52 in the embodiment of the present invention is a cylindrical shape with a guide groove.
  • the seedlings are placed in a "standing" state together with the tray, and driven by the throwing machine to enter the branching device of the throwing machine to divide the seedlings into rows.
  • the running direction of the seedling is from right to left, and the picking belt 4 and the second pulley group 6 are driven by the first pulley group 2.
  • the seedlings divided into rows smoothly enter the seedling passing groove 23 of the first pulley group 2, and continue to travel into the middle of the picking belt 4, under the action of the clamping device 3, adjacent to The distance between the shackles 4 is getting smaller and smaller, and the shackles 4 are getting narrower and narrower.
  • the saplings and the scorpion trays continue to travel, and the saplings are clamped by the sputum strips 4, and the clamping force is applied.
  • the movement of the ankle strap 4 is described. When the tray changes direction of movement, the seedling is pulled out from the tray and separated from the tray.
  • the seedlings continue to run with the take-up belt 4, and after passing through the clamping device 3, under the action of the opening device 5, the picking belt 4 for holding the seedlings is gradually opened, and the picking belt 4 is opened.
  • take 4 pairs The seedling clamping force is getting smaller and smaller, until the clamping force between the adjacent picking belts 4 is insufficient to clamp the seedlings, the seedlings begin to fall, and completely fall before the opening device 5, of course, if the picking up
  • the opening device 5 is absent from the device, by setting the distance between the groove 4 of the groove of the second pulley 61, the seedling can be operated to the front of the second pulley group 6 to complete the drop. .
  • the picking device provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises a group of two picking straps, which are combined to take the picking and unloading, and the whole process is simple, fast and orderly, and the picking belt is used as a medium to complete the picking action. It greatly improved the planting efficiency of the seedlings, ensured the integrity of the seedlings during the whole process of picking up the eggs, and laid the foundation for the subsequent operation and throwing.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Transplanting Machines (AREA)

Abstract

一种抛秧机的取秧装置，包括固定在机架（1）上的传动装置和夹紧装置（3）。传动装置包括半径与秧苗高度相匹配的第一带轮组（2）、第二带轮组（6）和数组取秧带（4）。取秧带每两根为一组。第一带轮组的相邻带轮之间设置有秧苗通过槽（23）。取秧带缠绕在第一轮组和第二轮组之间并张紧。夹紧装置（3）设置在相邻取秧带之间、且靠近第一带轮组。夹紧装置包括由取秧带夹紧约束器（31）和悬挂板（32）组成的夹紧组件（33）。悬挂板的一端与机架连接。取秧带夹紧约束器设置在悬挂板的另一端。取秧带夹紧约束器的两端对称设置有放置取秧带的取秧带约束槽（34）。这种取秧装置解决了取秧时秧苗被夹伤的问题。

Description

抛秧机的取秧装置
本申请要求于2016年1月15日提交中国专利局、申请号为201610028194.5、发明名称为“一种抛秧机的取秧装置”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及农业水稻种植机械技术领域，特别是涉及一种抛秧机的取秧装置。
背景技术
水稻是世界上最主要的粮食作物之一，全球约有一半以上的人口以稻米为主食，水稻种植业主要分布在亚洲季风区，中国是世界上最大的稻米生产国家。而水稻种植业是一种劳动密集型农业，劳动强度大，需要投入大量劳动来精耕细作，农民一般从事手工劳动，虽然近一二十年来，利用电力进行灌溉、脱粒等发展较快，化肥、农药的使用量的逐步提高，但播种插秧还是以手工为主，因此，从总体上看，机械化和科技水平还比较低。
现有技术中，水稻的栽植普遍采用钵苗或盘育苗，然后采用插秧法或抛秧法将秧苗种植到水田中，机械插秧法利用插秧机完成种植，排列有序、株距均匀，空株很少、无多株扎堆现象。
但插秧机是通过取秧装置中的秧爪将秧苗夹出来插入到水田中去，该过程实施中，容易伤及秧苗或造成钩秧，从而导致缓苗时间长，分渠慢，最终影响产量等问题。
更为便利的为抛秧法，通常采用抛秧机来完成，抛秧机是先利用取秧装置进行取秧，再将秧苗抛撒到水田中，完成种植。
发明内容
本发明实施例提供了一种抛秧机的取秧装置，以解决采用现有技术的问题。
第一方面，本发明实施例提供了一种抛秧机的取秧装置，包括固定在机架上的传动装置和夹紧装置，其中：
所述传动装置包括半径与秧苗高度相匹配的第一带轮组、第二带轮组和数组取秧带，所述取秧带每两根为一组，所述第一带轮组的相邻带轮之间设置有秧苗 通过槽，所述取秧带缠绕在所述第一带轮组和第二带轮组之间并张紧；
所述夹紧装置设置在相邻所述取秧带之间、且靠近所述第一带轮组，所述夹紧装置包括由取秧带夹紧约束器和悬挂板组成的夹紧组件，所述悬挂板的一端与所述机架连接，所述取秧带夹紧约束器设置在所述悬挂板的另一端，所述取秧带夹紧约束器的两端对称设置有放置所述取秧带的取秧带约束槽。
结合第一方面，在第一方面第一种可能的实现方式中，所述取秧装置还包括张开装置，所述张开装置设置在相邻所述取秧带间、且分布在所述第二带轮组与夹紧装置之间，其中，
所述支架板与所述机架固定连接；
所述张开器呈圆柱形、依次对称设置在所述支架板上，所述张开器设置在相邻所述取秧带之间。
结合第一方面第一种可能的实现方式，在第一方面第二种可能的实现方式中，所述取秧带夹紧约束器和所述张开器沿所述取秧带运行方向设置，且所述取秧带夹紧约束器和所述张开器设置于同一水平方向上。
结合第一方面，在第一方面第三种可能的实现方式中，所述夹紧装置还包括夹紧施力装置，所述夹紧施力装置对称设置在所述夹紧组件的两侧。
结合第一方面，在第一方面第四种可能的实现方式中，所述夹紧装置还包括用于定位所述夹紧组件的定位板，所述定位板与所述悬挂板可拆卸固定、与所述机架固定连接。
结合第一方面，在第一方面第五种可能的实现方式中，所述取秧带包括PU取秧带。
结合第一方面第三种可能的实现方式，在第一方面第六种可能的实现方式中，所述夹紧施力装置包括弹簧钢片。
采用本发明实施例，第一带轮组中的带轮间设置有秧苗通过槽，秧苗通过槽的深度根据秧苗的高度进行设置，确保了秧苗在通过时，可以安全顺利通过，避免过度弯曲而受到伤害；在运送过程中，夹紧装置将取秧带进行夹紧，使取秧带具有一定的夹持力，可以将秧苗顺利夹住，利用取秧带运输秧苗，本发明技术解决了抛秧机在取秧过程中，秧苗不受损伤，且确保取秧连续性好，不留余秧，通过保证取秧过程中秧苗的完整性，为以后秧苗种植到田中可以顺利生长奠定了基 础。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，对于本领域普通技术人员而言，在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明实施例提供的一种抛秧机的取秧装置结构示意图；
图2为本发明实施例提供的第一带轮组的结构示意图；
图3为本发明实施例提供的第二带轮组的结构示意图；
图4为本发明实施例提供的一种夹紧装置的主视图；
图5为本发明实施例提供的一种夹紧装置的俯视图；
图6为本发明实施例提供的一种夹紧组件的左视图；
图7为本发明实施例提供的一种夹紧组件的主视图；
图8为本发明实施例提供的一种张开装置的左视图；
图9为本发明实施例提供的一种张开装置的俯视图。
具体实施方式
为了使本领域技术人员更好地理解本发明方案，下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所述描述的实施例仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
参见图1，为本发明实施例提供的一种抛秧机的取秧装置的结构示意图，所述取秧装置包括机架1和固定在机架1上的传动装置和夹紧装置3。
所述传动装置包括第一带轮组2、第二带轮组6和数组取秧带4，所述第一带轮组2和第二带轮组6分别设置在所述机架1的两端，所述取秧带4将所述第一带轮组2和所述第二带轮组6连接起来。
所述第一带轮组2连接抛秧机的动力输入装置，并将动力通过取秧带4进行传递，从而使抛秧机的取秧装置正常运行。所述第一带轮组2的半径根据秧苗的高度进行设置，方便秧苗顺利通过所述第一带轮组2，避免了秧苗通过所述第一带轮组2时，弯曲过度而折断。
所述取秧带4绕过所述第一带轮组2和第二带轮组6并张紧，本发明实施例中的取秧带4以每两根为一组，可根据需要设置与第一带轮组2和第二带轮组6相匹配的不同数量的多组所述取秧带4。所述第一带轮组2中的带轮最低端和第二带轮组6中的带轮最低端在同一平面上，当秧苗在所述第一带轮组2和第二带轮组6之间的取秧带4时，秧苗处于夹持状态，方便秧苗在取秧装置之间的运输，秧苗夹在所述取秧带4中时，处于水平状态，避免发生相对位置的变化，改变秧苗间的距离。所述取秧带4采用PU(Polyurethane，聚氨基甲酸酯)材质或是橡胶材质的取秧带，既有一定的韧性，又具有一定的弹性，可以避免位于所述取秧带4之间的秧苗被取秧带4摩擦损伤。本发明实施例中，所述取秧带4采用PU材质的取秧带，具有很好的抗拉强度、抗撕裂强度、耐冲击性、耐磨性、耐水解性和耐油性等优点。
参见图2，图2为本发明实施例提供的第一带轮组的结构示意图，第一带轮组2包括第一带轮轴21、第一带轮22和秧苗通过槽23，相邻所述第一带轮22之间设置有秧苗通过槽23，秧苗穿过秧苗通过槽23后，秧苗被顺利带出第一带轮组2，并夹持在所述取秧带4之间。所有所述第一带轮22设置在所述第一带轮轴21上，所述第一带轮22的个数可依据秧苗在秧盘中的行数进行设置及调节，所述秧苗通过槽23的宽度和深度则是根据秧苗的个体尺寸进行设定，以顺利安全通过秧苗为原则。本发明中的第一带轮组2可以是由若干个带轮和带轮轴组成的带轮组，也可以是轴轮一体的整体带轮，本实施例中的第一带轮组2为轮轴一体的整体带轮组。
参见图3，图3为本发明实施例提供的第二带轮组的结构示意图，第二带轮组6包括第二带轮轴62和第二带轮61，每个所述第二带轮61上设置有凹槽，取秧带4设置在凹槽中，以防止取秧带4位置发生较大变动，以致影响整个取秧过程的完成。相邻所述第二带轮61之间的凹槽之间的距离可以进行调节，秧苗通过夹紧装置3后，设置在凹槽中的取秧带4之间的距离应大于取秧带4经过夹紧装置3时两条所述取秧带4之间的距离。利用所述第二带轮61之间的凹槽可将取秧带4支撑开，增大第二带轮组6附近的取秧带4之间的距离，从而两条取秧 带4之间的秧苗随着取秧带4间距离的增大而落下，完成取秧动作。本发明中的第二带轮组6可以是由若干个带轮和带轮轴组成的带轮组，也可以是轴轮一体的整体带轮，本实施例中的第二带轮组6为轮轴一体的整体带轮组。
在整个取秧过程中，秧苗通过第一带轮组2后，还要经过夹紧装置3，如图4、图5、图6和图7所示，所述夹紧装置3设置在所述取秧带4之间且靠近第一带轮组2，所述夹紧装置3包括由取秧带夹紧约束器31和悬挂板32组成的夹紧组件33，所述悬挂板32的一端连接在所述机架1的横梁11上，所述取秧带夹紧约束器31呈圆柱形，设置在所述悬挂板32的另一端。所述悬挂板32与所述取秧带夹紧约束器31的径向方向相垂直，所述取秧带夹紧约束器31和所述悬挂板32可以制成一体式，也可将所述悬挂板32镶嵌在所述取秧带夹紧约束器31内，可根据夹紧距离的需要，在悬挂板32上设置不同数量的所述取秧带夹紧约束器31，在本发明实施例中，所述悬挂板32上设置有三个所述取秧带夹紧约束器31。
本发明实施例中，所述取秧带夹紧约束器31为圆柱体，所述取秧带夹紧约束器轴线方向与秧苗运行方向一致，所述取秧带夹紧约束器31的两端对称设置有放置所述取秧带4的取秧带约束槽34，所述取秧带约束槽34与所述第一带轮组2和所述第二带轮组6的带轮底部切面位于同一平面上，所述取秧带约束槽34也可以进一步限定取秧带4的位置。
为了对所述夹紧组件33进行定位，确保所述夹紧组件33之间的位置固定，本发明实施例所述夹紧装置3还包括定位板36，所述定位板36上均匀设置有定位槽，所述悬挂板32靠近所述横梁11的一端设置有中空槽，所述定位板36穿过所述悬挂板32的中空槽，所述定位槽与所述中空槽相对应，数组夹紧组件33均匀设置在所述定位板36上，其中，位于中间位置的所述悬挂板32固定设置在所述定位板36上，其余所述悬挂板32与所述定位板36活动连接在一起，所述夹紧组件33通过所述定位板36连接在所述横梁11上。
所述夹紧装置3还包括夹紧施力装置35，所述夹紧施力装置35对称设置在所述夹紧组件33的两侧，所述夹紧施力装置35一端与所述机架1通过调节螺母相连接，远离所述悬挂板32，另一端与所述悬挂板32相接触，靠近所述取秧带夹紧约束器31，所述夹紧施力装置35与所述悬挂板32之间存在夹角，通过调整所述夹紧施力装置35与所述悬挂板32之间的角度，使所述夹紧施力装置35对所述悬挂板32施加不同的力，与所述定位板36活动连接的悬挂板32获得夹紧 施力装置35所施加的力后，中空槽与定位槽卡紧，从而所述悬挂板32与所述定位板36位置固定，使得相邻所述悬挂板32之间的位移发生变化，从而调节所述夹紧组件33之间的距离，进而调节位于所述取秧带夹紧约束器31之间的取秧带4之间的距离，最终确保秧苗可以在不受伤害的情况下顺利通过所述夹紧装置3。
所述夹紧施力装置35可由弹簧钢片、弹簧、弹力聚氨酯或橡胶制成，本发明实施例中的夹紧施力装置35采用弹簧钢片制成。弹簧钢主要是有好的弹性，又由于它是在动载荷环境条件下工作的，有高的屈服强度；在承受重载荷时不引起塑性变形；具有高的疲劳强度，在载荷反复作用下具有长的使用寿命；并有足够的韧性和塑性，可防在冲击力作用下突然脆断。
本发明实施例提供的取秧装置在取秧过程中，除了通过调节所述第二带轮61的凹槽间的距离来控制第二带轮组6附近的取秧带4间的距离，从而使秧苗落下，还可以通过张开装置5对取秧带4进行限制，如图1、图8和图9所示，所述张开装置5设置在相邻所述取秧带4间、且分布在所述第二带轮组6与夹紧装置3之间，所述张开装置5包括支架板51和张开器52，其中，所述支架板51与所述机架1固定连接；所述张开器52依次对称设置在所述支架板51上，所述张开器52的一端与所述支架板51固定连接，所述张开器52设置在相邻所述取秧带4之间。所述张开器52和所述取秧带夹紧约束器31沿所述取秧带4运行方向、且同一水平方向设置。所述张开器52可以为圆柱形、带导槽的圆柱状或三角柱状，本发明实施例中的所述张开器52为带导槽的圆柱状。
在使用本发明实施例提供的取秧装置进行取秧前，秧苗连同秧盘成“站立”状态，在抛秧机输送装置的驱动下进入到抛秧机的分秧装置，将秧苗分成行。
利用图1中的取秧装置进行取秧时，秧苗的运行方向为自右向左，所述取秧带4和所述第二带轮组6在所述第一带轮组2的驱动下，顺时针方向旋转，被分成数行的秧苗顺利进入第一带轮组2的秧苗通过槽23，继续行进进入所述取秧带4中间，在所述夹紧装置3作用下，相邻所述取秧带4之间的距离越来越小，取秧带4间越变越窄，秧苗、秧盘继续行进，秧苗被取秧带4夹持，且施以夹持力，秧苗随所述取秧带4运动，当秧盘改变运动方向时，秧苗从秧盘中拔出，与秧盘分开。
秧苗随所述取秧带4继续运行，通过所述夹紧装置3后，在所述张开装置5的作用下，夹持秧苗的取秧带4逐渐张开,在取秧带4张开的过程中,取秧带4对 秧苗夹持力越来越小，直到相邻所述取秧带4间的夹持力不足以夹住秧苗时，秧苗开始下落，至所述张开装置5前完全落下，当然，若取秧装置中无所述张开装置5时，通过设定所述第二带轮61凹槽间所述取秧带4的距离，也可使秧苗运行至所述第二带轮组6前完成下落。
本发明实施例提供的所述取秧装置以两根取秧带组成一小组，合拢取秧，松开卸秧，整个过程简便、快捷、有序，利用取秧带为媒介，完成取秧动作，大大提高了秧苗种植效率，在整个取秧过程中，确保了秧苗的完整性，为后续的运秧和抛秧奠定了基础。
需要说明的是，在本文中，诸如“第一”和“第二”等之类的关系术语仅仅用来将一个实体或者操作与另一个实体或操作区分开来，而不一定要求或者暗示这些实体或操作之间存在任何这种实际的关系或者顺序。而且，术语“包括”、“包含”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含，从而使得包括一系列要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备不仅包括那些要素，而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素，或者是还包括为这种过程、方法、物品或者设备所固有的要素。在没有更多限制的情况下，由语句“包括一个……”限定的要素，并不排除在包括所述要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备中还存在另外的相同要素。
以上所述仅是本发明的具体实施方式，使本领域技术人员能够理解或实现本发明。对这些实施例的多种修改对本领域的技术人员来说将是显而易见的，本文中所定义的一般原理可以在不脱离本发明的精神或范围的情况下，在其它实施例中实现。因此，本发明将不会被限制于本文所示的这些实施例，而是要符合与本文所公开的原理和新颖特点相一致的最宽的范围。

Claims (7)

  1. 一种抛秧机的取秧装置，其特征在于，包括固定在机架(1)上的传动装置和夹紧装置(3)，其中：
    所述传动装置包括半径与秧苗高度相匹配的第一带轮组(2)、第二带轮组(6)和数组取秧带(4)，所述取秧带(4)每两根为一组，所述第一带轮组(2)的相邻带轮之间设置有秧苗通过槽(23)，所述取秧带(4)缠绕在所述第一带轮组(2)和第二带轮组(6)之间并张紧；
    所述夹紧装置(3)设置在相邻所述取秧带(4)之间、且靠近所述第一带轮组(2)，所述夹紧装置(3)包括由取秧带夹紧约束器(31)和悬挂板(32)组成的夹紧组件(33)，所述悬挂板(32)的一端与所述机架(1)连接，所述取秧带夹紧约束器(31)设置在所述悬挂板(32)的另一端，所述取秧带夹紧约束器(31)的两端对称设置有放置所述取秧带(4)的取秧带约束槽(34)。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的抛秧机的取秧装置，其特征在于，所述取秧装置还包括张开装置(5)，所述张开装置(5)设置在相邻所述取秧带(4)间、且分布在所述第二带轮组(6)与夹紧装置(3)之间，所述张开装置(5)包括支架板(51)和张开器(52)，其中：
    所述支架板(51)与所述机架(1)固定连接；
    所述张开器(52)呈圆柱形、依次对称设置在所述支架板(51)上，所述张开器(52)设置在相邻的所述取秧带(4)之间。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的抛秧机的取秧装置，其特征在于，所述取秧带夹紧约束器(31)和所述张开器(52)沿所述取秧带(4)运行方向设置，且所述取秧带夹紧约束器(31)和所述张开器(52)设置于同一水平方向上。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的抛秧机的取秧装置，其特征在于，所述夹紧装置(3)还包括夹紧施力装置(35)，所述夹紧施力装置(35)对称设置在所述夹紧组件(33)的两侧。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的抛秧机的取秧装置，其特征在于，所述夹紧装置(3)还包括用于定位所述夹紧组件(33)的定位板(36)，所述定位板(36)与所述悬挂板(32)可拆卸固定、与所述机架(1)固定连接。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的抛秧机的取秧装置，其特征在于，所述取秧带(4)包括PU取秧带。
  7. 根据权利要求4所述的抛秧机的取秧装置，其特征在于，所述夹紧施力装置(35)包括弹簧钢片。
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CN106385892B (zh) 2017-08-01
WO2017121171A1 (zh) 2017-07-20

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