WO2017113171A1 - 生物打印机 - Google Patents

生物打印机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017113171A1
WO2017113171A1 PCT/CN2015/099827 CN2015099827W WO2017113171A1 WO 2017113171 A1 WO2017113171 A1 WO 2017113171A1 CN 2015099827 W CN2015099827 W CN 2015099827W WO 2017113171 A1 WO2017113171 A1 WO 2017113171A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
connecting member
bioprinter
fluid
head
nozzle
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2015/099827
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李意军
王德明
张乐庆
温学敏
Original Assignee
四川蓝光英诺生物科技股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 四川蓝光英诺生物科技股份有限公司 filed Critical 四川蓝光英诺生物科技股份有限公司
Priority to EP15911800.9A priority Critical patent/EP3398778A4/en
Priority to PCT/CN2015/099827 priority patent/WO2017113171A1/zh
Priority to US16/067,479 priority patent/US10828830B2/en
Priority to JP2018534171A priority patent/JP6710767B2/ja
Publication of WO2017113171A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017113171A1/zh

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B29C64/205—Means for applying layers
    • B29C64/209—Heads; Nozzles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
    • B41J2/00—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed
    • B41J2/005—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by bringing liquid or particles selectively into contact with a printing material
    • B41J2/01—Ink jet
    • B41J2/17—Ink jet characterised by ink handling
    • B41J2/175—Ink supply systems ; Circuit parts therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
    • B41J2/00—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed
    • B41J2/005—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by bringing liquid or particles selectively into contact with a printing material
    • B41J2/01—Ink jet
    • B41J2/17—Ink jet characterised by ink handling
    • B41J2/175—Ink supply systems ; Circuit parts therefor
    • B41J2/17503—Ink cartridges
    • B41J2/17513—Inner structure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
    • B41J2/00—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed
    • B41J2/005—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by bringing liquid or particles selectively into contact with a printing material
    • B41J2/01—Ink jet
    • B41J2/17—Ink jet characterised by ink handling
    • B41J2/175—Ink supply systems ; Circuit parts therefor
    • B41J2/17503—Ink cartridges
    • B41J2/17553—Outer structure
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M21/00—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses
    • C12M21/08—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses for producing artificial tissue or for ex-vivo cultivation of tissue
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M3/00—Tissue, human, animal or plant cell, or virus culture apparatus
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B29C64/106—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B29C64/255—Enclosures for the building material, e.g. powder containers
    • B29C64/259—Interchangeable
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
    • B29C64/307—Handling of material to be used in additive manufacturing
    • B29C64/321—Feeding
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M33/00—Means for introduction, transport, positioning, extraction, harvesting, peeling or sampling of biological material in or from the apparatus

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of bioprinting, and more particularly to a bioprinter.
  • Bio 3D printing refers to the printing of biological materials (including natural biomaterials and synthetic biomaterials or cell solutions) into a three-dimensional structure by 3D printing. It is different from ordinary 3D printing technology and bio 3D printing technology. Biological tissues or organs also have certain biological functions, which need to provide conditions for the further growth of cells and tissues. It is precisely because of the above characteristics that biological 3D printing technology is developing and facing many specific technical problems.
  • cell three-dimensional printing technology the technology of using cells as printing materials is called cell three-dimensional printing technology.
  • the existing bio-printer usually adopts a quick-connect structure to connect the nozzle and the printing material container, and the two ends of the quick-inserting structure are tightly inserted and inserted into the nozzle and the printing material container respectively, such a connection structure has poor stability, and the quick-insertion structure usually needs Used in conjunction with other tubes, it is not conducive to the temperature control of the printed materials, and requires a large operating space when disassembling.
  • the technical problem solved by the present invention is to provide a bio-printer capable of realizing rapid replacement of a bio-printing material container, and having better connection stability and thermal insulation performance.
  • the present invention provides a bio-printer comprising a spray head, a connecting member and a bio-printing material container having a discharge tube, the first end of the connecting member being screwed to the discharge tube, The second end of the connector is detachably connected to the Said nozzle.
  • the outlet end of the discharge pipe is provided with a first external thread
  • the first end of the connecting member is provided with a first receiving cavity for accommodating the outlet end
  • the first receiving cavity is provided a first internal thread that mates with the first external thread, the outlet end being sleeved and threaded into the first end of the connector.
  • a cross section of the first receiving cavity taken along a direction toward the second end of the connecting member is tapered.
  • the cross section of the first receiving chamber is tapered.
  • the cone has a taper of 6%.
  • a mounting block is further included, the nozzle being detachably and non-rotatably mounted on the mounting block.
  • a circumferential limiting structure is disposed between the spray head and the mounting block for limiting relative rotation between the spray head and the mounting block.
  • a detachable circumferential limiting member is disposed between the connecting member and the spray head for restricting relative rotation between the connecting member and the spray head.
  • the nozzle is detachably and non-rotatably mounted on the mounting block, the second end of the connecting member is provided with a second external thread, and the shower head is provided for accommodating a second receiving cavity of the second end of the connecting member, wherein the second receiving cavity is provided with a second internal thread that cooperates with the second external thread, and the second end of the connecting member extends into the Threaded into the second receiving cavity.
  • the connector further includes an axially extending portion disposed between the first end and the second end of the connecting member and radially protruding, the bioprinter further comprising a setting A resilient washer between the spray head and the axial stop.
  • a thread fastening force between the second end of the connecting member and the spray head is designed to be larger than a thread fastening force between the first end of the connecting member and the discharge tube.
  • the bottom of the spray head includes an extension rod spaced apart and disposed adjacent to an outlet of the spray head, and the extension rod is provided with an elongated flow passage for fluid printing of the bioprinting material The unit is guided through the flow path to be directed to eject.
  • an end surface of the extension rod adjacent to the spray head is provided with an open recess, an outlet of the open recess communicates with the flow passage, and the spray head extends into the open recess
  • the open recess is tapered toward the flow passage, and an auxiliary material flow path is formed between an outer wall of the shower head and the open recess, at an outlet of the showerhead and an outlet of the open recess
  • a chamber is formed between the auxiliary material fluid passing through the auxiliary material flow path, and the main material fluid ejected from the outlet of the shower head is wrapped in the chamber to form the fluid printing unit.
  • the flow path is tapered from its inlet to its outlet.
  • a cross section of the flow path taken along a flow direction of the fluid printing unit is tapered.
  • bioprinter is a 3D bioprinter.
  • the present invention provides a bio-printer which is provided with a connecting member between a discharge pipe of a bio-printing material container and a nozzle, and the first end of the connecting member is screwed to the discharge pipe.
  • the second end is detachably disposed on the spray head.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of a bio-printer of the present invention.
  • the existing bio-printer usually adopts a quick-connect structure to connect the nozzle and the printing material container, the two ends of the quick-inserting structure are respectively inserted and inserted into the nozzle and the printing material container, such a connection structure has poor stability, and the quick-insertion structure usually needs Used in conjunction with other tubes, it is not conducive to the temperature control of the printed materials, and requires a large operating space when disassembling.
  • the invention designs a bio-printer which is provided with a connecting member between a discharge pipe of a bio-printing material container and a spray head, the first end of the connecting member is screwed with the discharge pipe, and the second end is detachably arranged
  • the technical solution can be quickly replaced by simply unscrewing the bio-printing material container, which makes the addition of the bio-printing material extremely convenient, and avoids the easy replacement of the container in the past.
  • the problem of pulling out the connector as a whole and damaging the ambient temperature of the nozzle has high reliability.
  • the bioprinter in an illustrative embodiment of the bioprinter of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1, the bioprinter includes a head 1, a connector 2, and a bio-print material container having a discharge tube 3, the first end of the connector 2 and the discharge The tube 3 is screwed, and the second end of the connecting member 2 is detachably connected to the head 1.
  • the first end of the connector 2 is threadedly connected to the discharge tube 3 by providing a connector 2 between the discharge tube 3 of the bioprinting material container (not shown) and the spray head 1.
  • the second end is detachably disposed on the spray head 1, and in the present embodiment, for example, by controlling the temperature of the main material container and the auxiliary material container, when the temperature reaches the setting, compared with the prior art two-headed plugging manner. After the temperature, the biological material is respectively added to the corresponding container; the discharge tube 3 of the corresponding container is inserted into the corresponding connecting member, and rotated clockwise.
  • the outlet end of the discharge pipe 3 is provided with a first external thread
  • the first end of the connecting member 2 is provided for accommodating the outlet.
  • a first receiving cavity of the end is provided with a first internal thread that cooperates with the first external thread
  • the outlet end is sleeved and threaded into the first end of the connecting member 2. Since the bio-printing material container needs to be frequently replaced, by providing an externally threaded structure at the outlet end of the discharge pipe 3, the discharge pipe 3 is screwed into the first accommodating cavity of the connecting member 2, and is screwed into the discharge pipe as compared with the connecting member.
  • the internal threaded form facilitates the alignment of the discharge tube 3, making the installation of the bioprintable material container more convenient and quicker.
  • the first accommodating chamber is tapered in a direction toward the second end of the connecting member 2.
  • the inner wall of the first receiving chamber of the connecting member 2 is provided with a threaded mating surface that tapers toward the second end of the connecting member, that is, a first receiving chamber that is tapered toward the head 1 when the outlet end of the tapping tube 3 is inserted
  • the side of the discharge pipe 3 is tightly fitted with the connecting member 2 through the tapered mating surface, the connection is more tight and stable, and the sealing performance is good.
  • the cross section of the first receiving cavity is tapered, and the first receiving cavity of the conical shape has a symmetrical structure, which can ensure that the first end of the connecting member 2 circumferentially uniformly seals the outlet end of the discharging spout 3, further A better sealing effect is obtained; and the tapered first receiving chamber is easy to process, facilitating the unwinding of the discharge tube 3.
  • the taper of the cross section of the first receiving cavity is 6%, that is, the first receiving cavity is designed with a 6% (luer) taper, and within the preferred numerical range, the withstand voltage of the connecting portion of 500 KPa is ensured, and the effective avoidance is effectively avoided. Leakage of bioprinted materials.
  • the bioprinter further includes a mounting block 4 on which the head 1 is detachably and non-rotatably mounted.
  • the mounting block 4 is used for mounting and positioning the nozzle 1 by detaching the nozzle 1 Mounted on the mounting block 4, it is possible to facilitate the replacement of the nozzles 1 of different specifications, and the nozzles 1 are non-rotatably mounted on the mounting blocks 4.
  • a detachable circumferential limiting member is provided between the connecting member 2 and the head 1 such that the connecting member 2 cannot rotate relative to the head 1. This can prevent the nozzle 1 and the connecting member 2 from following the mounting block 4 when the discharge pipe 3 is rotated.
  • the non-rotation of the spray head 1 relative to the mounting block 4 can be achieved by providing a circumferential limiting structure between the spray head 1 and the mounting block 4, for example, the outlet end of the spray head 1 can be machined into a non-circular cross section.
  • the body is inserted into the mounting block 4 in a correspondingly non-circular mounting channel.
  • the nozzle 1 can be provided with a radial projection 11 at one end for mating with the recess of the mounting block 4.
  • the bioprinter further includes a mounting block 4, the nozzle 1 is detachably and non-rotatably mounted on the mounting block 4, and the second end of the connector 2 is provided with a second external thread, the nozzle 1 is provided with a second receiving cavity for receiving the second end of the connecting member 2, and the second receiving cavity is provided with a second internal thread that cooperates with the second external thread, and the second end of the connecting member 2 extends into And screwed to the second receiving cavity.
  • the connecting member 2 further includes an axially extending portion 21 disposed between the first end and the second end of the connecting member 2, and the bioprinter further comprises a nozzle 1 disposed on the head 1.
  • a resilient washer (not shown) between the axial limiting portion 21, the axial limiting portion 21 enables the connecting member 2 to obtain better axial positioning, and is disposed in the nozzle 1 and the axial limiting portion
  • the elastic washer between 21 can ensure that the threaded connection of the connecting member 2 and the nozzle 1 has a larger pre-tightening force, and the connecting member 2 is prevented from following the nozzle 1 when the discharging tube 3 is rotated.
  • the thread fastening force between the connecting member 2 and the head 1 is designed to be larger than the thread fastening force between the connecting member 2 and the discharge tube 3, such that the container is rotated by rotating the biological material so that the discharge tube 3
  • the connection member 2 is disconnected, even if the joint member 2 and the head 1 are not provided with the circumferential positioning member, the connector 2 and the head 1 do not rotate together with the biological material printing container.
  • the existing bioprinter nozzle is directly The cells are ejected to the printing platform, and the fluid as the printing material is damaged by the mechanical force during printing.
  • the nozzle on the X-axis moving platform is provided with an elongated flow path adjacent to the nozzle outlet.
  • the rod, the fluid printing unit used as the bioprinting material is directionally ejected through the flow channel, which can protect the fluid printing unit and reduce the damage of the fluid printing unit by the mechanical force during printing, and has high reliability.
  • the extension rod 5 having the flow path 51 can be disposed adjacent to the outlet of the head 1 through the mounting block 4, and the fluid printing unit serving as the bioprinting material can be guided by the flow path 51 to be ejected.
  • the fluid printing unit is subjected to a more uniform pressure during the drainage and is easy to maintain good fluidity, and the flow direction of the bioprinting material is more stable and relieved. The situation in which the cells are squeezed together to reduce the damage of the fluid printing unit by mechanical force during printing.
  • the fluid printing unit refers to the smallest printing unit of the bio-printing material, which may be a single unit composed of a single main fluid (bio-ink), or a mixture composed of an auxiliary fluid (hydrogel) wrapped with a main fluid.
  • the smallest unit of fluid may be a single unit composed of a single main fluid (bio-ink), or a mixture composed of an auxiliary fluid (hydrogel) wrapped with a main fluid.
  • bio-ink a single main fluid
  • hydrogel auxiliary fluid wrapped with a main fluid.
  • the smallest unit of fluid may be a single unit composed of a single main fluid (bio-ink), or a mixture composed of an auxiliary fluid (hydrogel) wrapped with a main fluid.
  • the flow path 51 is capable of directional sequencing of the fluid printing unit, reducing the likelihood of blockage.
  • the flow passage 51 also facilitates that the auxiliary fluid uniformly wraps and protects the main fluid.
  • the flow path 51 is elongated to prevent damage of the bio-printing material and the metal material during printing, the flow path 51 can protect the fluid printing unit, and reduce the damage of the fluid printing unit by the mechanical force of the printing process. influences.
  • the flow passage 51 can be straight as shown in Fig. 1, the fluid printing unit can be ejected downward, or can be arranged in a curved configuration according to printing requirements to provide more selection of the ejection direction.
  • a heat insulating member 52 can be disposed on the outer circumference of the extension rod 5, and the heat insulating member 52 can ensure that the fluid printing unit maintains a desired temperature in the flow path 51 and maintains the activity of the fluid printing unit. Moreover, such a structural form overcomes the fact that in the absence of an extension rod, the nozzle must extend a certain length in order to apply the ejected material without heat preservation. Defects.
  • the flow path 51 is tapered from its inlet to the outlet.
  • the flow passage 51 is designed such that the fluid printing unit travels in the flow passage 51 to facilitate increasing the flow rate of the fluid printing unit at the outlet of the flow passage 51 and reducing the likelihood of its clogging.
  • the cross section of the flow path 51 taken along the flow direction of the fluid printing unit is tapered, and the tapered flow path 51 in the form of a structure similar to a funnel or a subway gate makes the fluid printing unit more uniform in the flow path 51. The distribution further reduces the possibility of blockage, and the tapered flow path is easy to process and has good implementability.
  • the inlet passage size of the flow passage 51 is twice the size of the fluid printing unit such that the inlet of the flow passage 51 can only enter the two fluid printing units at most side by side. Since the flow passage 51 is a tapered flow passage, only a single row of fluid printing units can be discharged at the outlet of the flow passage 51, which can further reduce the possibility of clogging of the fluid printing unit, and facilitate the single discharge of the fluid printing unit.
  • the outlet size of the flow path 51 is 1-1.5 times, preferably 1.2 times, the size of the fluid printing unit.
  • the flow passage 51 not only facilitates the single discharge of the fluid printing unit, but also prevents the auxiliary fluid from over-wrapping the main fluid while ensuring that the main fluid is not damaged, and is advantageous for further fluid enhancement.
  • the flow rate of the printing unit at the exit of the flow channel ensures continuity and uniformity of the fluid print unit in a single row.
  • the end face of the extension rod 5 adjacent to the head 1 is provided with an open recess 53, and the outlet of the open recess 53 communicates with the flow path 51, the head 1 Extending into the open recess 53, the cross section of the open recess 53 is tapered toward the flow path 51, and an auxiliary material flow path is formed between the outer wall of the shower head 1 and the open recess 53, at the outlet of the shower head 1 and open.
  • a chamber is formed between the outlets of the mouth recesses 53 and the main material fluid ejected from the outlet of the head 1 is wrapped in the chamber through the auxiliary material fluid of the auxiliary material flow path to form a fluid printing unit.
  • the outer wall of the shower head 1 and the open recess 53 are formed by providing a tapered open recess 53 on the end face adjacent to the spray head 1 adjacent to the spray head 1.
  • a chamber is formed between the outlet of the nozzle 1 and the outlet of the open recess 53, and the auxiliary fluid (hydrogel) enters the chamber through the auxiliary material flow passage and wraps the main material sprayed in the nozzle Fluid (bio-ink) to form a mixed fluid printing unit.
  • the main fluid may be a homogeneous, heterogeneous (eg, particulate mixture), continuous or discontinuous fluid.
  • the auxiliary material flow path since the auxiliary material flow path is formed between the outer wall of the shower head 1 and the tapered open recess 53 , the auxiliary material flow path has a function of uniform pressure, even if the auxiliary material enters the auxiliary side from one side as shown in FIG. 1 .
  • the material flow channel still has a uniform pressure in the auxiliary material flow channel, and ensures that the biological material has a uniform wrapping effect on the side adjacent to or away from the auxiliary material inlet.
  • the cross-section of the open recess 53 along the flow direction of the fluid printing unit is preferably tapered, and the open recess 53 of the tapered configuration allows the auxiliary fluid to flow along the open recess 53.
  • the conical flow acts to converge toward the outlet of the showerhead 1 to facilitate uniform envelopment of the auxiliary fluid unit to the main fluid unit.
  • the open recess 53 of the structural form also ensures a more stable flow in the chamber.
  • the mixed fluid printing unit flows in the open recess 53 and the open recess 53 facilitates the convergence of the fluid printing unit toward the flow path 51 of the extension rod 5, ensuring a more stable flow of the mixed fluid printing unit within the chamber. Avoid spreading it to the auxiliary material flow path.
  • a gap is left between the outlet of the head 1 and the open recess 53.
  • the gap between the outlet of the head 1 and the open recess 53 is smaller than the size of the fluid printing unit, which prevents the fluid printing unit from being prevented. Reverse flow to the auxiliary material flow path ensures that the fluid printing unit in the chamber flows stably to the flow path 51.
  • the process by which the auxiliary fluid fluid wraps the main fluid is as follows:
  • the main material fluid After the main material fluid is ejected from the head 1, it enters the chamber between the outlet of the head 1 and the outlet of the open recess 53, and the auxiliary fluid flows through the auxiliary flow path formed between the outer wall of the head 1 and the open recess 53.
  • the auxiliary fluid in the chamber has a certain pressure, and the auxiliary fluid is pressed and attached to a part of the main fluid unit exposed by the nozzle 1, until the entire main fluid unit is ejected, the auxiliary fluid Put the main fluid unit
  • the package forms a mixed fluid printing unit, at which point a portion of the fluid printing unit may have entered the flow path 51 of the extension rod 5.
  • the main fluid unit enters the flow passage 51 of the extension rod 5 under continuous wrapping of the auxiliary material fluid, and the main fluid unit wrapped by the auxiliary fluid is directionally flowed in the flow passage 51, uniformly wrapped and sequentially discharged.
  • the main material fluid is sufficiently uniformly wrapped by the auxiliary material fluid, so that the structure also makes the auxiliary material package evenly and fully, and the auxiliary material fluid is wrapped around the main material before the main material fluid is ejected from the outlet of the flow path 51.
  • the protective structure is formed to further reduce the influence of the printing process on the main fluid.
  • the detachable and non-rotatable mounting of the spray head 1 on the mounting block 4 can also be achieved by an interference fit between the spray head 1 and the mounting block 4, without departing from the principles of the invention and by those skilled in the art. Many variations, modifications, equivalent substitutions and variations of these embodiments are possible within the scope of the invention.

Abstract

一种生物打印机，生物打印机包括喷头(1)、连接件(2)以及具有出料管(3)的生物打印材料容器，连接件(2)的第一端与出料管(3)螺纹连接，连接件(2)的第二端可拆卸地连接喷头(1)。生物打印机通过在生物打印材料容器的出料管(3)和喷头(1)之间设置连接件(2)，连接件(2)第一端与出料管(3)螺纹连接，第二端可拆卸地设置在喷头(1)上，只需将生物打印材料容器旋出即可实现快速更换，使得添加生物打印材料极为方便，避免了以往更换容器时容易将连接件(2)整体拔出并破坏温度环境的问题，具有较高的可靠性。

Description

生物打印机 技术领域
本发明涉及生物打印领域，尤其涉及一种生物打印机。
背景技术
生物3D打印是指通过3D打印的原理和方法，将生物材料(包括天然生物材料和合成生物材料或细胞溶液)打印成为设计的三维结构体，区别于普通的3D打印技术，生物3D打印技术生产的生物组织或器官还具有一定的生物学功能，需为细胞和组织的进一步生长提供条件，正是由于上述特性，生物3D打印技术在发展中，面临着很多特定的技术问题。
其中，在生物3D打印领域，将细胞作为打印材料的技术称为细胞三维打印技术，人们可以利用细胞和生物相容性材料制成生物墨汁，喷头移动并将生物墨汁喷出，通过程序控制喷头运动，将生物墨汁按照预设的目标打印物体的三维构建数字模型打印成型。
现有技术的不足之处在于：
现有的生物打印机通常采用快插结构连接喷头和打印材料容器，快插结构两端分别紧密的塞入并插接于喷头和打印材料容器，这样的连接结构稳定性差，快插结构通常还需要与其它管配合使用，不利于打印材料的温度控制，并且在拆装时都需要较大的操作空间。
发明内容
为克服以上技术缺陷，本发明解决的技术问题是提供一种生物打印机，能够实现生物打印材料容器的快速更换，具有较好的连接稳定性和保温性能。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明提供了一种生物打印机，包括喷头、连接件以及具有出料管的生物打印材料容器，所述连接件的第一端与所述出料管螺纹连接，所述连接件的第二端可拆卸地连接所 述喷头。
进一步地，所述出料管的出口端设有第一外螺纹，所述连接件的所述第一端设有用于容纳所述出口端的第一容纳腔，所述第一容纳腔内设有与所述第一外螺纹配合的第一内螺纹，所述出口端所套设于并螺纹连接到述连接件的所述第一端内。
进一步地，所述第一容纳腔的沿着朝向所述连接件的第二端方向截得的剖面是渐缩的。
进一步地，所述第一容纳腔的所述剖面是锥形的。
第一步地，所述锥形的锥度为6％。
进一步地，还包括安装块，所述喷头可拆卸且不可旋转地安装在所述安装块上。
进一步地，所述喷头与所述安装块之间设有周向限位结构，用于限制所述喷头与所述安装块之间相对旋转。
进一步地，所述连接件与所述喷头之间设有可拆卸的周向限位件，用于限制所述连接件与所述喷头之间相对旋转。
进一步地，还包括安装块，所述喷头可拆卸且不可旋转地安装在所述安装块上，所述连接件的所述第二端设有第二外螺纹，所述喷头设有用于容纳所述连接件的所述第二端的第二容纳腔，所述第二容纳腔内设有与所述第二外螺纹配合的第二内螺纹，所述连接件的所述第二端伸入并螺纹连接到所述第二容纳腔内。
进一步地，所述连接件还包括设置在所述连接件的所述第一端和所述第二端之间且径向凸起的轴向限位部，所述生物打印机还包括设置在所述喷头和所述轴向限位部之间的弹性垫圈。
进一步地，所述连接件的第二端与所述喷头之间的螺纹紧固力被设计成大于所述连接件的第一端与所述出料管之间的螺纹紧固力。
进一步地，所述喷头的底部包括延长杆，所述延长杆间隔开且邻近于所述喷头的出口设置，所述延长杆内设有细长的流道，用于使生物打印材料的流体打印单元通过所述流道被引导而定向喷出。
进一步地，所述延长杆与所述喷头相邻近的端面上设有敞口凹部，所述敞口凹部的出口与所述流道连通，所述喷头伸入到所述敞口凹部中，所述敞口凹部朝向所述流道是渐缩的，在所述喷头的外壁与所述敞口凹部之间形成辅材流道，在所述喷头的出口与所述敞口凹部的出口之间形成一腔室，通过所述辅材流道的辅材流体在所述腔室中包裹从所述喷头的所述出口喷出的主材流体，以形成所述流体打印单元。
进一步地，所述流道从其入口至出口是渐缩的。
进一步地，所述流道的沿所述流体打印单元的流动方向截得的剖面为锥形。
进一步地，所述生物打印机为3D生物打印机。
由此，基于上述技术方案，本发明提供了一种生物打印机，该生物打印机通过在生物打印材料容器的出料管和喷头之间设置连接件，连接件第一端与出料管螺纹连接，第二端可拆卸地设置在喷头上，相比于现有技术中两头加塞配合的方式，本技术方案只需将生物打印材料容器旋出即可实现快速更换，使得添加生物打印材料极为方便，避免了以往更换容器时容易将连接件整体拔出并破坏环境温度的问题，具有较高的可靠性。
附图说明
此处所说明的附图用来提供对本发明的进一步理解，构成本申请的一部分，本发明的示意性实施例及其说明仅用于解释本发明，并不构成对本发明的不当限定。在附图中：
图1为本发明生物打印机一实施例的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面通过附图和实施例，对本发明的技术方案做进一步的详细描述。
本发明的具体实施方式是为了便于对本发明的构思、所解决的 技术问题、构成技术方案的技术特征和带来的技术效果有更进一步的说明。需要说明的是，对于这些实施方式的说明并不构成对本发明的限定。此外，下面所述的本发明的实施方式中涉及的技术特征只要彼此之间未构成冲突就可以相互组合。
考虑到现有的生物打印机通常采用快插结构连接喷头和打印材料容器，快插结构两端分别塞入并插接于喷头和打印材料容器，这样的连接结构稳定性差，快插结构通常还需要与其它管配合使用，不利于打印材料的温度控制，并且在拆装时都需要较大的操作空间，
本发明设计了一种生物打印机，该生物打印机通过在生物打印材料容器的出料管和喷头之间设置连接件，连接件的第一端与出料管螺纹连接，第二端可拆卸地设置在喷头上，相比于现有技术中两头加塞配合的方式，本技术方案只需将生物打印材料容器旋出即可实现快速更换，使得添加生物打印材料极为方便，避免了以往更换容器时容易将连接件整体拔出并破坏喷头的环境温度的问题，具有较高的可靠性。
在本发明生物打印机一个示意性的实施例中，如图1所示，生物打印机包括喷头1、连接件2以及具有出料管3的生物打印材料容器，连接件2的第一端与出料管3螺纹连接，连接件2的第二端可拆卸地连接喷头1。
在该示意性的实施例中，通过在生物打印材料容器(图中未示出)的出料管3和喷头1之间设置连接件2，连接件2第一端与出料管3螺纹连接，第二端可拆卸地设置在喷头1上，相比于现有技术中两头加塞配合的方式，在本实施例中，例如通过控制主材容器和辅材容器的温度，当温度达到设定温度后，分别向对应的容器加入生物材料；将相应容器的出料管3插入对应的连接件，并顺时针旋转即可。这样只需旋转生物打印材料容器，相应地出料管3相对于连接件发生旋转，生物打印材料容器被旋出即可实现快速更换，使得添加生物打印材料(例如生物墨汁)极为方便，避免了以往更换生物打印材料容器时容易将两头加塞的连接件整体拔出而破坏 环境温度的问题，避免了两头加塞的连接件整体拔出时，操作空间受限而难于操作的问题。
作为连接件2与出料管3螺纹连接的一种优选实施方式，如图1所示，出料管3的出口端设有第一外螺纹，连接件2的第一端设有用于容纳出口端的第一容纳腔，第一容纳腔内设有与第一外螺纹配合的第一内螺纹，出口端套设于并螺纹连接到连接件2的第一端内。由于生物打印材料容器需要经常更换，通过在出料管3的出口端设置外螺纹结构，出料管3螺旋地旋入连接件2的第一容纳腔，相较于连接件旋入出料管设置的内螺纹结构形式，该优选实施方式便于对出料管3进行对准定位，使得生物打印材料容器的安装更加方便快捷。
当然，通过在出料管3的出口端设置内螺纹结构，连接件2的第一端螺旋地旋入连出料管3的出口端内也属于本发明的保护范围。
作为对上述实施例的改进，如图1所示，第一容纳腔沿着朝着连接件2的第二端的方向是渐缩的。在连接件2的第一容纳腔内壁设置有朝向连接件的第二端渐缩的螺纹配合面，也就是设置朝向喷头1渐缩的第一容纳腔，当出料管3的出口端插进第一容纳腔以后，出料管3的侧部通过渐缩配合面与连接件2紧密配合，连接更紧密稳固，密封性能好。
优选地，第一容纳腔的剖面是锥形的，锥形的第一容纳腔呈对称结构，能够保证连接件2的第一端周向均匀地密封包裹出料管3的出口端，进一步的获得更好的密封效果；而且锥形的第一容纳腔易于加工，便于将出料管3旋出。优选地，第一容纳腔的剖面的锥度为6％，也就是第一容纳腔采用6％(鲁尔)锥度设计，在该优选的数值范围内，保证了连接部分500KPa的耐压，有效避免生物打印材料的泄漏。
作为本发明生物打印机一个优选的实施例，如图1所示，生物打印机还包括安装块4，喷头1可拆卸且不可旋转地安装在安装块4上。安装块4用于对喷头1进行安装定位，通过将喷头1可拆卸 安装在安装块4上，能够便于不同规格的喷头1更换，喷头1不可旋转地安装在安装块4上。连接件2与喷头1之间设有可拆卸的周向限位件，使得连接件2不能相对于喷头1旋转。这样能够避免出料管3发生旋动时喷头1和连接件2相对安装块4发生随动。
具体地，喷头1相对于安装块4的不可旋转可通过在喷头1与安装块4之间设置周向限位结构实现，例如可以将喷头1的出口端加工成横剖面呈非圆形的柱体并插入安装块4中相应的横剖面呈非圆形的安装通道中，如图1所示地，喷头1一端可设有径向凸起11，用于与安装块4的凹部相配合。
作为本发明生物打印机另一个具体实施例，如图1所示，生物打印机还包括安装块4，喷头1可拆卸且不可旋转地安装在安装块4上，连接件2的第二端设有第二外螺纹，喷头1设有用于容纳连接件2的第二端的第二容纳腔，第二容纳腔内设有与第二外螺纹配合的第二内螺纹，连接件2的第二端伸入并螺纹连接至第二容纳腔。通过在连接件2的第二端设置第二外螺纹，连接件2的第二端螺旋地旋入喷头1的第二容纳腔，使得连接件2紧固地连接喷头1，避免生物打印材料在连接处的泄露。优选地，如图1所示，连接件2还包括设置在连接件2的第一端和第二端之间且径向凸起的轴向限位部21，生物打印机还包括设置在喷头1和轴向限位部21之间的弹性垫圈(图中未示出)，轴向限位部21能够使得连接件2获得更好的轴向定位，而设置在喷头1和轴向限位部21之间的弹性垫圈能够保证连接件2和喷头1的螺纹连接具有更大的预紧力，避免出料管3发生旋动时连接件2相对喷头1发生随动。
另外，连接件2与喷头1之间的螺纹紧固力被设计得大于连接件2与出料管3之间的螺纹紧固力，这样使得在通过旋转生物材料打印容器以使得出料管3与连接件2脱开连接时，即使在连接件2与喷头1没有设置周向定位件的情况下，连接件2与喷头1也不会随着生物材料打印容器一起旋转。
根据本发明的另一方面，考虑到现有的生物打印机喷头处直接 将细胞喷出至打印平台，作为打印材料的流体会受到打印过程中机械力造成的损伤，本发明中位于X轴运动平台上的喷头通过在邻近于喷头出口设置具有细长的流道的延长杆，用作生物打印材料的流体打印单元通过流道被定向喷出，该流道能够保护流体打印单元，减小打印过程中机械力对流体打印单元的损伤，具有较高的可靠性。
在该示意性的实施例中，具有流道51的延长杆5可以通过安装块4设置在邻近于喷头1出口位置，用作生物打印材料的流体打印单元通过流道51被引导而定向喷出，相比于现有技术中底部出口突然收窄的结构，流体打印单元在引流喷出的过程中受到的压力更加均匀，并且易于维持良好的流动性，生物打印材料的流向更加稳定，缓解了细胞之间相互拥挤压迫的情况，减小打印过程中机械力对流体打印单元的损伤。
流体打印单元是指生物打印材料的最小打印单元，其可以是单一的主材流体(生物墨汁)组成的最小单元，也可以是由辅材流体(水凝胶)包裹主材流体而组成的混合流体的最小单元。
流道51能够对流体打印单元进行定向排序，降低阻塞的可能性。对于流体打印单元是由辅材流体包裹主材流体而形成的混合流体打印单元而言，流道51还有利于辅材流体均匀地包裹并保护主材流体。
此外，由于流道51呈细长状，防止在打印过程中生物打印材料与金属材料的摩擦而产生损伤，因而流道51能够保护流体打印单元，减小打印过程机械力对流体打印单元的损伤影响。
流道51可以如图1所示的为直的，流体打印单元被向下喷出，也可以根据打印需求设置成弯曲的结构形式，以提供更多的喷出方向的选择。
如图1所示，在延长杆5外周上还可以设置保温件52，保温件52能够保证流体打印单元在流道51中保持所需的温度，维持流体打印单元的活性。而且这样的结构形式克服了，在没有延长杆的情况下，喷头必须伸出一定长度以便于施加喷出材料但又不保温的技 术缺陷。
作为对上述实施例的一方面改进，如图1所示，流道51从其入口至出口是渐缩的。流道51被如此设计使得流体打印单元在流道51中行进以有利于提高流体打印单元在流道51出口处的流速，并且降低其堵塞的可能性。优选地，流道51的沿流体打印单元的流动方向截得的剖面为锥形，以类似于漏斗或地铁闸口的结构形式的锥形的流道51使得流体打印单元在流道51中更加均匀分布，进一步降低其阻塞的可能性，而且锥形流道易于加工，具有较好的可实施性。
优选地，一方面，流道51的入口尺寸为流体打印单元尺寸的n倍，n＝2-5，在该优选的尺寸范围内能够有效避免流道51的入口发生堵塞的问题。优选地，流道51的入口尺寸为流体打印单元尺寸的2倍，从而使得流道51的入口处最多只能并排地进入两个流体打印单元。由于流道51为渐缩式流道，到达流道51的出口处只能流出单列的流体打印单元，这样能够进一步降低流体打印单元堵塞的可能性，而且有利于流体打印单元呈单列喷出。
另一方面，流道51的出口尺寸是流体打印单元尺寸的1-1.5倍，优选为1.2倍。在该尺寸范围内，流道51不仅利于流体打印单元呈单列喷出，而且还能在保证主材流体不受损的情况下避免辅材流体过厚地包裹主材流体，且有利于进一步提高流体打印单元在流道出口处的流速，保证流体打印单元呈单列喷出的连续性和均匀性。
作为对上述实施例的另一方面改进，如图1所示，延长杆5与喷头1相邻近的端面上设有敞口凹部53，敞口凹部53的出口与流道51连通，喷头1伸入到敞口凹部53中，敞口凹部53的横截面朝向流道51是渐缩的，在喷头1的外壁与敞口凹部53之间形成辅材流道，在喷头1的出口与敞口凹部53的出口之间形成一腔室，通过辅材流道的辅材流体在腔室中包裹从喷头1的出口喷出的主材流体，以形成流体打印单元。通过在延长杆5与喷头1相邻近的端面上设置渐缩的敞口凹部53，喷头1的外壁与敞口凹部53之间形 成辅材流道，喷头1的出口与敞口凹部53的出口之间形成一腔室，辅材流体(水凝胶)通过辅材流道进入该腔室并包裹喷头中喷出的主材流体(生物墨汁)，从而形成混合流体打印单元。其中，主材流体可以是均质、非均质(例如颗粒状混合物)、连续或非连续的流体。
具体而言，由于喷头1的外壁与渐缩的敞口凹部53之间形成辅材流道，辅材流道具有均匀压力的功能，即使辅材如图1所示地是由一侧进入辅材流道，其在辅材流道内仍具有均匀的压强，保证生物材料在邻近或远离辅材进口的一侧具有均匀的包裹效果。在该实施例中，敞口凹部53的沿着所述流体打印单元的流动方向截得的剖面优选地为锥形，呈锥形结构的敞口凹部53使得辅材流体沿敞口凹部53的锥面流动，起到朝向喷头1的出口处汇聚的作用，有利于辅材流体单元对主材流体单元的均匀包裹，该结构形式的敞口凹部53还能够保证腔室内的流向更加稳定。
混合后的流体打印单元在敞口凹部53内流动，而且敞口凹部53有利于流体打印单元朝向延长杆5的流道51处汇聚，保证腔室内的混合后的流体打印单元的流向更加稳定，避免其扩散于辅材流道。
如图1所示，喷头1的出口与敞口凹部53之间留有间隙，优选地，喷头1的出口与敞口凹部53之间的间隙小于流体打印单元的尺寸，这样能够防止流体打印单元向辅材流道逆向流动，保证腔室内流体打印单元稳定地流向流道51。
在根据本发明的生物打印机喷头组件一实施例中，辅材流体包裹主材流体的过程如下：
主材流体从喷头1的喷出后，进入喷头1的出口与敞口凹部53的出口之间的腔室，辅材流体通过喷头1的外壁与敞口凹部53之间形成的辅材流道进入该腔室，腔室中的辅材流体具有一定的压力，并将辅材流体压迫附着于由喷头1露出的一部分的主材流体单元，直至整个主材流体单元喷出后，辅材流体将主材流体单元全部 包裹，形成了一个混合的流体打印单元，这时该流体打印单元的一部分可能已经进入到延长杆5的流道51中。最终使得主材流体单元在辅材流体的连续包裹下进入延长杆5的流道51，被辅材流体包裹的主材流体单元在流道51内定向流动、被均匀包裹和有序喷出。
在流动过程中，主材流体被辅材流体充分均匀地包裹，这样结构也使得辅材包裹得均匀而充分，辅材流体在主材流体从流道51的出口喷出之前包裹在主材周围形成保护结构，进一步降低了打印过程对主材流体的影响。
以上结合的实施例对于本发明的实施方式做出详细说明，但本发明不局限于所描述的实施方式。例如喷头1可拆卸且不可旋转地安装在安装块4上还可以通过喷头1和安装块4之间的过盈配合来实现，对于本领域的技术人员而言，在不脱离本发明的原理和实质精神的情况下对这些实施方式进行多种变化、修改、等效替换和变型仍落入在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种生物打印机，其特征在于，包括喷头(1)、连接件(2)以及具有出料管(3)的生物打印材料容器，所述连接件(2)的第一端与所述出料管(3)螺纹连接，所述连接件(2)的第二端可拆卸地连接所述喷头(1)。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的生物打印机，其特征在于，所述出料管(3)的出口端设有第一外螺纹，所述连接件(2)的所述第一端设有用于容纳所述出口端的第一容纳腔，所述第一容纳腔内设有与所述第一外螺纹配合的第一内螺纹，所述出口端所套设于并螺纹连接到述连接件(2)的所述第一端内。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的生物打印机，其特征在于，所述第一容纳腔的沿着朝向所述连接件(2)的第二端方向截得的剖面是渐缩的。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的生物打印机，其特征在于，所述第一容纳腔的所述剖面是锥形的。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的生物打印机，其特征在于，所述锥形的锥度为6％。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的生物打印机，其特征在于，还包括安装块(4)，所述喷头(1)可拆卸且不可旋转地安装在所述安装块(4)上。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的生物打印机，其特征在于，所述喷头(1)与所述安装块(4)之间设有周向限位结构，用于限制所述喷头(1)与所述安装块(4)之间相对旋转。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的生物打印机，其特征在于，所述连接件(2)与所述喷头(1)之间设有可拆卸的周向限位件，用于限制所述连接件(2)与所述喷头(1)之间相对旋转。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的生物打印机，其特征在于，还包括安装块(4)，所述喷头(1)可拆卸且不可旋转地安装在所述安装 块(4)上，所述连接件(2)的所述第二端设有第二外螺纹，所述喷头(3)设有用于容纳所述连接件(2)的所述第二端的第二容纳腔，所述第二容纳腔内设有与所述第二外螺纹配合的第二内螺纹，所述连接件(2)的所述第二端伸入并螺纹连接到所述第二容纳腔内。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的生物打印机，其特征在于，所述连接件(2)还包括设置在所述连接件(2)的所述第一端和所述第二端之间且径向凸起的轴向限位部(21)，所述生物打印机还包括设置在所述喷头(1)和所述轴向限位部(21)之间的弹性垫圈。
  11. 根据权利要求9所述的生物打印机，其特征在于，所述连接件(2)的第二端与所述喷头(1)之间的螺纹紧固力被设计成大于所述连接件(2)的第一端与所述出料管(3)之间的螺纹紧固力。
  12. 根据权利要求1所述的生物打印机，其特征在于，所述生物打印机为3D生物打印机。
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