WO2017106978A1 - Ensemble buse - Google Patents

Ensemble buse Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017106978A1
WO2017106978A1 PCT/CH2015/000190 CH2015000190W WO2017106978A1 WO 2017106978 A1 WO2017106978 A1 WO 2017106978A1 CH 2015000190 W CH2015000190 W CH 2015000190W WO 2017106978 A1 WO2017106978 A1 WO 2017106978A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
nozzle assembly
liquid material
discharging gap
needle member
bushing body
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CH2015/000190
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Patrick HAGENBUCH
Original Assignee
Hagenbuch Patrick
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hagenbuch Patrick filed Critical Hagenbuch Patrick
Priority to PCT/CH2015/000190 priority Critical patent/WO2017106978A1/fr
Publication of WO2017106978A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017106978A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
    • B05B1/30—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to control volume of flow, e.g. with adjustable passages
    • B05B1/3033—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to control volume of flow, e.g. with adjustable passages the control being effected by relative coaxial longitudinal movement of the controlling element and the spray head
    • B05B1/304—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to control volume of flow, e.g. with adjustable passages the control being effected by relative coaxial longitudinal movement of the controlling element and the spray head the controlling element being a lift valve
    • B05B1/3046—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to control volume of flow, e.g. with adjustable passages the control being effected by relative coaxial longitudinal movement of the controlling element and the spray head the controlling element being a lift valve the valve element, e.g. a needle, co-operating with a valve seat located downstream of the valve element and its actuating means, generally in the proximity of the outlet orifice
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
    • B05B1/02—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to produce a jet, spray, or other discharge of particular shape or nature, e.g. in single drops, or having an outlet of particular shape
    • B05B1/06—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to produce a jet, spray, or other discharge of particular shape or nature, e.g. in single drops, or having an outlet of particular shape in annular, tubular or hollow conical form
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/02—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
    • B05B7/06—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with at least one outlet orifice surrounding another approximately in the same plane
    • B05B7/062—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with at least one outlet orifice surrounding another approximately in the same plane with only one liquid outlet and at least one gas outlet
    • B05B7/066—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with at least one outlet orifice surrounding another approximately in the same plane with only one liquid outlet and at least one gas outlet with an inner liquid outlet surrounded by at least one annular gas outlet
    • B05B7/067—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with at least one outlet orifice surrounding another approximately in the same plane with only one liquid outlet and at least one gas outlet with an inner liquid outlet surrounded by at least one annular gas outlet the liquid outlet being annular
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
    • B22F10/22—Direct deposition of molten metal
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/30—Process control
    • B22F10/32—Process control of the atmosphere, e.g. composition or pressure in a building chamber
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
    • B22F12/10—Auxiliary heating means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
    • B22F12/20—Cooling means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
    • B22F12/22—Driving means
    • B22F12/222—Driving means for motion along a direction orthogonal to the plane of a layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
    • B22F12/22—Driving means
    • B22F12/224—Driving means for motion along a direction within the plane of a layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
    • B22F12/50—Means for feeding of material, e.g. heads
    • B22F12/53—Nozzles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
    • B22F12/50—Means for feeding of material, e.g. heads
    • B22F12/57—Metering means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
    • B22F12/70—Gas flow means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/115—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces by spraying molten metal, i.e. spray sintering, spray casting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B29C64/205—Means for applying layers
    • B29C64/209—Heads; Nozzles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
    • B22F12/38—Housings, e.g. machine housings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
    • B22F12/90—Means for process control, e.g. cameras or sensors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2999/00—Aspects linked to processes or compositions used in powder metallurgy
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25—Process efficiency

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a nozzle assembly, a use of the nozzle assembly for spraying a liquid material onto a substrate and a printer comprising the nozzle assembly.
  • Printing of three-dimensional structures is a technology for manufacturing three dimensional solid objects out of a wide range of materials, reaching from plastics to metals.
  • the printing of such three-dimensional structures so-called additive manufacturing, is done by building up the material layer by layer using three-dimensional model data.
  • the technology allows the fabrication of structures that are very difficult or even impossible to manufacture by traditional techniques.
  • SLS selective laser sintering
  • SLM selective laser melting
  • a first aspect of the invention concerns a nozzle assembly for spraying a liquid material onto a substrate, preferably a molten metal material, comprising a needle member arranged at least partially within a bushing body thereby forming a passage between the needle member and the bushing body, in particular comprising an annular cross section, for the liquid material to be sprayed, which passage at one end of the bushing body opens out into an annular liquid material discharging gap formed between the needle member and the bushing body.
  • the passage in a first area upstream of the discharging gap is formed by or comprises a plurality of radial slots formed in the bushing body and substantially extending in longitudinal direction of the needle member.
  • the liquid material is preferably a metal.
  • a preferred embodiment of the needle member has a tapered first end, which first end is nearest to the discharging gap, which first end protrudes from the liquid material discharging gap, such that it is arranged outside the bushing body.
  • the first end preferably has at its tip a cross section diameter of below 1mm, more preferably of below 0.001mm.
  • the needle member at a location at the end of the first area which is facing away from the discharging gap has a cylindrical form, and has a cross section diameter of preferably below 5mm, very preferably of below 3mm, at this location.
  • the liquid material discharging gap preferably has an inner diameter of below 2mm, more preferably of below 1mm.
  • the cross section of the passage in the first area has preferably the form of an annular gap, in particular of uniform width, having an outer diameter of at least 5mm, more preferably of at least 100mm, from which the slots radially extend.
  • the radial extent of the slots decreases in the direction towards the discharging gap.
  • the width of the slots decreases in direction towards the discharging gap.
  • the slots formed in the bushing body extend in spirals around the needle member.
  • the passage comprises a second area between the discharging gap and the first area, wherein the cross section of the passage within this second area has the form of an annular gap, preferably of uniform width and more preferably with a width of at least 0.3mm.
  • the annular gap decreases in the second area, preferably it decreases stepless or in steps. These steps can be equal steps or can vary in step size .
  • the steps in the cross section of the passage can be built by forming steps into the needle member surface and/or by forming steps into the bushing body on the surface facing the passage.
  • the extent of the first area in longitudinal direction of the needle member is longer than the extent of the second area in longitudinal direction of the needle member.
  • the extent of the first area is 1.2 to 2.0 times more than the extent of the second area of the passage.
  • the radial extent of the passage can decrease, in steps or stepless, in a direction towards the annular liquid material discharging gap.
  • the bushing body in the area of the end of the first area which is facing away from the discharging gap forms a funnel, into which the slots and the passage open.
  • the nozzle assembly for spraying a liquid material, preferably a molten metal, that at room temperature, preferably 18 °C - 25 °C, or at an environmental temperature, preferably within a range of 10 °C to 200 °C is solid, comprises heating means for directly or indirectly heating the bushing body preferably up to a temperature of 400 °C and more preferably up to 1900°C.
  • a chamber arranged adja ⁇ cent to the end of the bushing body, which is facing away from the annular liquid material discharging gap, which chamber in the intended use of the nozzle assembly feds the bushing body with liquid material can be heated di ⁇ rectly or indirectly by the heating means up to preferably 400°C, very preferably up to 1900°C.
  • the needle member is movable in a longitudinal direction between a first axial position and a second axial position in the bushing body.
  • the needle member is protruding from the discharging gap.
  • the passage provides a maximum critical cross section, such that in the intended use, the flow of the liquid material through the discharging gap is maximal.
  • “Critical” means, that the cross section is critical for the material flow in the passage .
  • the needle member is arranged in the first position during the spraying of the liquid material.
  • the passage provides a minimum critical cross section for the flow of the liquid material, such that the flow of liquid material through the discharging gap is minimal or the discharging gap is closed.
  • the needle member protrudes further from the discharging gap than in the first axial position.
  • the needle member can preferably also be arranged in a position between the first axial position and the second axial position to adjust the liquid material flow through the discharging gap at a value between a maximum in the first position and a minimum in the second position.
  • the annular liquid material discharging gap is concentrically encircled by an annular gas stream gap.
  • This serves for generating in the intended use a gas stream that encircles the liquid material emanating from the discharging gap, such that this material is sprayed onto the substrate.
  • the gas stream can be produced by a number of nozzles arranged around the discharging gap.
  • the annular gas stream gap for discharging the gas stream is formed between the bushing body and a further body, which is enclosing the bushing body.
  • the bushing body protrudes from the further body at its end where it forms together with the further body the annular gap.
  • the further body is a cylindrical body.
  • the further body comprises a second passage, preferably of annular cross section, which second passage is in fluid communication with the annular gas stream gap or with the number of nozzles for providing the gas stream, the gas flowing through the second passage flows towards the annular gas stream gap or towards the number of nozzles for providing the gas stream, where it discharges.
  • the further body can comprise cavities arranged between the further body and the bushing body, such that there is enough space between the further body and the bushing body for the gas flowing in between .
  • an end of the needle member is protruding from the discharging gap, wherein a nozzle is arranged in the vicinity of the liquid material discharging gap by means of which in the intended use a gas stream can be directed to this end of the needle member, preferably at an angle of 45° to 90° to the longitudinal axis of the needle member.
  • the nozzle is preferably a Laval nozzle.
  • the bushing body comprises in a first area upstream of the discharging gap at least one channel formed into the bushing body, which channel at one end thereof opens out to the end of the bushing body which is facing away from the annular liquid material discharging gap and at its other end opens out into the passage in a second area, which is arranged between the discharging gap and the first area. This channel thereby supports the transport of the liquid material to the discharging gap.
  • the needle member, the bushing body and/or the further body are made of a material , which is highly resistant to high temperatures and at the same time has a high thermal conductivity.
  • the needle member (1), the bushing body (2), and/or the further body (4) are made of metal or a metal alloy, in particular of high temperature resistant metal , like molybdenum, tungsten, titanium, tantalum, bismuth, zirconium, silicon, doped silicon, or alloys thereof, like copper-zirconium, and/or are made of a material from the list of zirconium and/or silicon oxides, nitride oxide or ceramics.
  • a second aspect of the present invention refers to a use of the nozzle assembly according to the first aspect of the invention for spraying a heated liquid material that at room temperature is solid.
  • the sprayed material is a molten metal, in particular a metal from the list of aluminum, copper, titanium, chromium, steel, preferably alloyed or unalloyed tool steel, in particular AlSis.
  • the molten metal can comprise a flux, preferably a flux from the list of potassium cryolite, lithium chloride, zinc fluoride, and potassium fluoride.
  • the flux can serve for the purpose of purging the metal of chemical impurities and of rendering the metal more liquid at the melting temperature.
  • a release agent in particular comprising boron nitride, can be applied to a surface of the needle member, the bushing body and/or the further body, for preventing the molten material from bonding to the surface.
  • the material is preferably provided by a metal wire, which metal wire is melted before entering the passage between the needle member and the bushing body.
  • the wire is thereby preferably fed into a chamber adjacent to the end of the bushing body which is facing away from the liquid material discharging gap.
  • the gas stream discharged from the annular gas stream gap or from the number of individual nozzles concentrically encircling the liquid material discharging gap or from the nozzle arranged in the vicinity of the liquid material discharging gap is preferably an inert gas, more preferably a gas selected from a list of helium, nitrogen, argon and mixtures thereof.
  • the sprayed material solidifies on the substrate.
  • a third aspect of the invention relates to a printer for spraying a liquid material, in particular a molten metal, onto a substrate, wherein the printer comprises at least one nozzle assembly according to the first aspect of the invention.
  • the printer comprises heating means, for directly or indirectly heating the bushing body.
  • the printer comprises a nozzle holder, for holding the nozzle assembly, which holder is preferably movable in a horizontal plane and in a vertical direction to that plane.
  • the holder comprises a cooling system, for cooling the holder.
  • the cooling system is in particular important if the nozzle assembly is heated to high temperatures, to keep the holder at lower temperatures .
  • the printer comprises a carrier, for supporting the substrate onto which the liquid material shall be sprayed.
  • the carrier is preferably movable relatively to the nozzle assembly, in particular movable in a horizontal plane and vertical to that plane.
  • the substrate can be permanently or removably fixed to the carrier .
  • the carrier can comprise a cooling system, for cooling the sprayed material, for accelerating the solidifying process of the material .
  • the carrier can further comprise a heater , for curing the sprayed material after solidification, preferably heating the material up to
  • the substrate can be fixed directly to the printer to receive the sprayed structure .
  • a least a part of a housing of the printer is hermetically sealed, for shielding the printing zone against the environment.
  • the shielding might be necessary to prevent the oxidation of the surface of the sprayed structures , such that an essentially pristine metal structure can be produced by spraying the particular metal onto the substrate.
  • the metal to be melted is preferably provided by a metal wire, which wire is stored in a wire storage device comprised in a housing of the printer.
  • the wire prefera- bly passes an oxide removal device, before it is melted and the molten material is fed into the bushing body.
  • oxide removal device removes the oxide on the surface of the metal wire by mechanically scratching it away from the surface of the wire and/or by pulling the wire through an acid bath, in particular a phosphoric acid, for etching off the oxide from the wire.
  • the printer preferably comprises an optical device, for optical inspection of the liquid material discharging gap and/or at least a portion of the needle member, preferably at an end of the first area facing away from the discharging gap. If the optical device detects a contamination of the gap, the printer can comprise a cleaning device, which enables the mechanical and/or chemical cleaning of the discharging gap and/or at a portion of the needle member, preferably the tapered first end of the needle member. Therefore, the movable nozzle holder preferably moves the nozzle assembly to the cleaning device, which is preferably arranged within the printer housing, where the contamination is removed by mechanical or chemical means.
  • Fig. 1 shows a cross section through the center of a nozzle assembly according to a preferred embodiment of the invention
  • Fig. 2 shows an enlarged view of the working end of the nozzle assembly Fig. 1, and
  • Fig. 3 shows a printer comprising the nozzle assembly according to Fig. 1.
  • FIG. 1 shows a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in particular for direct high temperature jetting (DHTJ) .
  • a nozzle assembly 100 comprising a needle member 1 which is partially arranged within a bushing body 2 thereby forming a passage 3 between the needle member 1 and the bushing body.
  • the passage 3 has an annular cross section, with a gap width between the needle member 1 and the bushing body 2, of at least
  • the passage 3 opens out into an annular liquid material discharging gap 20, which is formed between the needle member 1 and the bushing body 2. Upstream of the discharging gap 20, in a first area 31 the passage 3 comprises radial slots 21 formed in the bushing body 2.
  • the needle member 1 comprises a tapered first end. 11, which first end 11 protrudes from the discharging gap 20. At the other end, which is facing away from the discharging gap 20 the needle member 1 is cylindrical.
  • the cross section of the passage 3 in the first area 31 has the form of an annular gap from which the slots 21 extend radially. As can be seen by the dotted lines, the radial extension of the slots 21 decreases in direction towards the discharging gap 20.
  • the cross section of the passage 3 in a second area 32 between the discharging gap 20 and the first area 31 has the form of an annular gap.
  • the diameter of this annular gap in the second area 32 decreases in steps 30 in a direction towards the annular liquid material discharging gap 20.
  • the bushing body 2 comprises steps at its surface facing the passage 3.
  • the bushing body 2 At its end facing away from the discharging gap 20, the bushing body 2 forms a funnel 22 into which the slots 21 open.
  • the chamber 50 provides the liquid material for spraying.
  • the chamber can comprise heating means, for heating the material.
  • a sealing 51 between the bushing body 2 and the through bore of the housing body 5 prevents the leaking of liquid material .
  • the needle member 1 is movable in a longitudinal direction between a first and a second position. If the needle member 1 is arranged in a first position, the passage 3 provides a maximum critical cross section for the flow of the liquid material. If the needle member 1 is arranged in a second position, the passage 3 provides a minimum critical cross section for the flow of the liquid material or is closed.
  • the figure shows the needle member 1 being arranged in a position between the first and the second position, wherein the passage 3 provides a size of the cross section, which allows the liquid material to flow through the annular liquid material discharging gap to the first end 11 of the needle member 1, where the material is carried away by the gas stream discharged from the annular gas stream discharging gap concentrically en ⁇ circling the annular liquid material discharging gap.
  • annular liquid material discharging gap 20 is concentrically encircled by an annular gas stream gap 40, which in the intended use of the nozzle assembly 100 serves for discharging a gas stream enclosing the liquid material discharging from the liquid material discharging gap 20.
  • the gas stream gap 40 is formed between the bushing body 2 and a further body 4.
  • the further body 4 concentrically surrounds the bushing body 2.
  • the further body 4 is screwed into the housing body 5.
  • the housing body 5 comprises a gas passage 51 of annular cross section, which gas passage 51 is in fluid connection with the annular gas stream gap 40, for providing the gas stream.
  • Fig. 2 shows an enlarged view of the working end of the nozzle assembly 100 of Fig . 1, more into detail showing the passage 3 , which is formed between the needle member 1 and the bushing body 2. As can better be seen here than in Fig . 1 , the passage 3 is open in this position for the liquid material to flow towards the tapered end 11 of the needle member 1.
  • the first end 11 of the needle member 1 protrudes from the discharging gap 20 and the bushing body 2, at its end where it forms together with the further body 4 the annular gas stream gap 40, and axially protrudes from the further body 4.
  • Fig. 3. shows an embodiment of the printer for spraying the liquid material according to the invention.
  • the printer comprises the nozzle assembly 100 of Fig. 1, wherein the material for spraying, which is fed into the chamber 50, is preferably provided by a wire storage device 7, which is arranged in an upper area of the printer housing for enabling simple replacement of the wire.
  • the printer comprises further a nozzle holder 8, for holding the nozzle assembly 100, wherein the nozzle holder 8 enables the nozzle assembly 100 to be moved in a horizontal plane and vertical to that plane.
  • the nozzle holder 8 is constructed to move the needle member 1 in a longitudinal direction of the bushing body 2, for moving the needle member 1 between the first and the second position.
  • the printer comprises further a carrier for supporting a substrate 9 onto which the liquid material shall be sprayed.
  • the carrier and the substrate 9 are movable relatively to the nozzle assembly 100 in a horizontal plane and vertical to that plane. Both, the carrier and the substrate can be removably mounted to the printer. Furthermore, the substrate 9 can be arranged on a carrier, which carrier is permanently fixed to the printer, wherein the substrate 9 is exchanged after each spraying process .
  • the printer preferably comprises further an oxide removal device, which is arranged close by the wire storage device 7, for removing an oxide layer of a metal wire, which metal wire is supposed to be melted and sprayed as a liquid material.
  • the oxide removal device comprises a mechanical scratchier , for scratching the oxide from the surface of the wire. Thereby, the wire is fed into the mechanical scratcher and the oxide is scratched off over the whole circumference of the metal wire.
  • the oxide removal device can comprise an acid bath, wherein the metal wire is immersed into the bath, in particular of phosphoric acid, for a certain time as a whole or section by section wise, such that the metal oxide on the surface is being etched off.
  • the printer can further comprise an optical sensor, which sensor detects possible contamination of discharging gap 20 and/or the tapered first end 11 of the needle member 1. If contamination of the discharging gap 20 and/or of the first end 11 of the needle member 1 is detected, the sensor signal initiates a cleaning procedure, wherein the nozzle assembly 100 is moved by means of the nozzle holder 8 towards a cleaning device arranged in the printer, which cleaning device cleans the discharging gap 20 and/or the end 11 of the needle member by mechanical cleaning means, such as brushes, abrasive means, etc.
  • an optical sensor which sensor detects possible contamination of discharging gap 20 and/or the tapered first end 11 of the needle member 1. If contamination of the discharging gap 20 and/or of the first end 11 of the needle member 1 is detected, the sensor signal initiates a cleaning procedure, wherein the nozzle assembly 100 is moved by means of the nozzle holder 8 towards a cleaning device arranged in the printer, which cleaning device cleans the discharging gap 20 and/or the end 11 of the needle member
  • the housing is at least partially hermetically tight, for shielding the printing zone against the environment .
  • the housing is flushed with an inert gas , in particular with argon, helium, or mixtures thereof .
  • the flushing of the chamber with an inert gas is in particular important, if a molten metal is used as a liquid material, such that the metal surface does not oxidize while being sprayed onto a substrate.
  • the printer can further comprise a vacuum pump, for evacuating the housing before flooding it with an ine t gas .
  • the printer further comprises a cooling mechanism, preferably a water cooling system comprising water pipes which are fed through selected parts of the
  • the cooling of selected parts of the printer is necessary, since the heating means produce high temperatures for melting the metal wire to a liquid material, before entering the bushing body.
  • the heating means are in particular comprising an induction heating device or a resistance heater.
  • the printer is preferably formed as a table setup, in particular a portable table setup, which can be connected to a computer device, for controlling the functionality of the printer via the computer device.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Nozzles (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un ensemble buse (100) qui permet de pulvériser une matière liquide sur un substrat (9) et qui comprend un élément aiguille (1) agencé au moins en partie à l'intérieur d'un corps de manchon conique (2), formant ainsi entre l'élément aiguille (1) et le corps de manchon conique (2) un passage (3), en particulier comprenant une section transversale annulaire, pour la matière liquide à pulvériser. Le passage (3) débouche dans un espace d'éjection de matière liquide annulaire (20) à une extrémité du corps de manchon conique (2), ledit espace d'éjection (20) étant formé entre l'élément aiguille (1) et le corps de manchon conique (2).
PCT/CH2015/000190 2015-12-21 2015-12-21 Ensemble buse WO2017106978A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/CH2015/000190 WO2017106978A1 (fr) 2015-12-21 2015-12-21 Ensemble buse

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/CH2015/000190 WO2017106978A1 (fr) 2015-12-21 2015-12-21 Ensemble buse

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2017106978A1 true WO2017106978A1 (fr) 2017-06-29

Family

ID=55070625

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CH2015/000190 WO2017106978A1 (fr) 2015-12-21 2015-12-21 Ensemble buse

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO2017106978A1 (fr)

Cited By (7)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107214958A (zh) * 2017-07-27 2017-09-29 张玲玲 一种双口径3d打印机喷头
CN107718549A (zh) * 2017-10-30 2018-02-23 苏州无限三维科技产业有限公司 一种易拆装3d打印喷头
CN109228340A (zh) * 2018-10-29 2019-01-18 共享智能铸造产业创新中心有限公司 一种应用于fdm打印机的打印头
LU100933B1 (de) * 2018-09-20 2020-03-23 BigRep GmbH Düsenschmelzeakkumulationserkennung
CN111558776A (zh) * 2019-02-13 2020-08-21 赛峰航空器发动机 用于通过金属沉积进行三维打印的装置
KR102173760B1 (ko) * 2020-01-14 2020-11-03 농업회사법인 씨엔테크주식회사 노즐
JP2020203395A (ja) * 2019-06-14 2020-12-24 住友ゴム工業株式会社 シーラントタイヤの製造装置

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US4824026A (en) * 1986-08-06 1989-04-25 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha And Ransburg-Gema K.K. Air atomizing electrostatic coating gun
WO2005018906A1 (fr) * 2003-08-13 2005-03-03 Günther Heisskanaltechnik Gmbh Filiere de moulage par injection
US20130147092A1 (en) * 2009-12-08 2013-06-13 Husky Injection Molding Systems Ltd. Multi-Property Injection Molding Nozzle for Hot-Runner System
US20140295014A1 (en) * 2011-11-08 2014-10-02 Husky Injection Molding Systems Ltd. Mold-tool system having stem-guidance assembly for guiding movement of valve-stem assembly
WO2013188634A1 (fr) * 2012-06-15 2013-12-19 Husky Injection Molding Systems Ltd. Buse de moulage par injection ayant plusieurs propriétés
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Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107214958A (zh) * 2017-07-27 2017-09-29 张玲玲 一种双口径3d打印机喷头
CN107718549A (zh) * 2017-10-30 2018-02-23 苏州无限三维科技产业有限公司 一种易拆装3d打印喷头
LU100933B1 (de) * 2018-09-20 2020-03-23 BigRep GmbH Düsenschmelzeakkumulationserkennung
WO2020057773A1 (fr) * 2018-09-20 2020-03-26 BigRep GmbH Reconnaissance d'accumulation de fonte de buse
CN109228340A (zh) * 2018-10-29 2019-01-18 共享智能铸造产业创新中心有限公司 一种应用于fdm打印机的打印头
CN111558776A (zh) * 2019-02-13 2020-08-21 赛峰航空器发动机 用于通过金属沉积进行三维打印的装置
CN111558776B (zh) * 2019-02-13 2023-10-20 赛峰航空器发动机 用于通过金属沉积进行三维打印的装置
JP2020203395A (ja) * 2019-06-14 2020-12-24 住友ゴム工業株式会社 シーラントタイヤの製造装置
JP7251337B2 (ja) 2019-06-14 2023-04-04 住友ゴム工業株式会社 シーラントタイヤの製造装置
KR102173760B1 (ko) * 2020-01-14 2020-11-03 농업회사법인 씨엔테크주식회사 노즐

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