WO2017086150A1 - Dispositif de mesure d'épaisseur de dépôt à l'aide d'ondes ultrasonores, et procédé associé - Google Patents

Dispositif de mesure d'épaisseur de dépôt à l'aide d'ondes ultrasonores, et procédé associé Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017086150A1
WO2017086150A1 PCT/JP2016/082506 JP2016082506W WO2017086150A1 WO 2017086150 A1 WO2017086150 A1 WO 2017086150A1 JP 2016082506 W JP2016082506 W JP 2016082506W WO 2017086150 A1 WO2017086150 A1 WO 2017086150A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
ultrasonic
pipe
deposit
thickness
propagation time
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2016/082506
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
永島　良昭
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株式会社日立製作所
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Publication date
Application filed by 株式会社日立製作所 filed Critical 株式会社日立製作所
Priority to JP2017551810A priority Critical patent/JP6458164B2/ja
Priority to MYPI2018701072A priority patent/MY196045A/en
Publication of WO2017086150A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017086150A1/fr

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B17/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of infrasonic, sonic or ultrasonic vibrations
    • G01B17/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of infrasonic, sonic or ultrasonic vibrations for measuring thickness
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/04—Analysing solids
    • G01N29/07—Analysing solids by measuring propagation velocity or propagation time of acoustic waves
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/44—Processing the detected response signal, e.g. electronic circuits specially adapted therefor

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a deposit thickness measuring device and a deposit thickness measuring method inside a pipe used in, for example, a plant.
  • pipes of power plants, chemical plants, etc. will have defects (thinning) on the inner surface after a long period of time has elapsed since installation. As this thinning progresses, there is a risk that internal fluid such as liquid or steam that penetrates the thickness of the piping and leaks outside. In order to avoid such internal fluid leakage, it is necessary to periodically perform non-destructive inspections of the piping to evaluate the condition, and to take measures such as replacement and repair by grasping the thinning before internal fluid leakage occurs. is there.
  • non-destructive inspection techniques for evaluating the state of pipes, there are firstly techniques for directly detecting pipe thinning and second techniques for detecting factors that cause pipe thinning.
  • an ultrasonic thickness meter that measures the thickness of an inspection object is known as a non-destructive inspection means for non-destructive inspection of the thickness of a pipe.
  • an ultrasonic sensor having a piezoelectric element capable of mutually converting electricity and sound is generally used.
  • Install an ultrasonic sensor on the outer surface of the piping excite bulk waves (elastic waves such as longitudinal and transverse waves) in the piping to be inspected, and receive the elastic waves reflected on the inner surface of the piping with the same or different ultrasonic sensors.
  • Measure pipe wall thickness Since this ultrasonic thickness meter has a narrow inspection range, it takes a long time to inspect a wide area. Moreover, it may be difficult to apply, for example, when a pipe is buried, when a heat insulating material is used around the pipe, or when the pipe is doubled.
  • Patent Document 1 discloses an acoustic disturbance that propagates between two points isolated in the longitudinal direction of a pipe and detects the acoustic disturbance. Calculate the measured value representing the propagation speed of the disturbance, calculate the predicted value corresponding to the propagation speed as a function of the thickness parameter using sound wave propagation theory, and calculate the thickness parameter by fitting the measured value and the predicted value Techniques to do this are disclosed.
  • the principle is to calculate a predicted value corresponding to the propagation velocity as a function of the wall thickness parameter using the propagation theory of sound waves, and is a technique for measuring the wall thickness of the above-mentioned first category pipe.
  • the progress of thinning is fast, it is desirable to be able to grasp it from the stage before the occurrence of thinning.
  • One of the causes of thinning is the effect of deposits accumulated on the inner surface of the pipe. In such a case, detecting the deposits will provide an early indication of thinning.
  • the present invention has been made in view of the above, and an object thereof is to provide an apparatus and a method for measuring a deposit thickness inside a pipe used in a plant or the like.
  • an apparatus for measuring a deposit thickness inside a pipe is an apparatus for measuring the thickness of a deposit inside a pipe, and includes an ultrasonic transmission element arranged on one side of a pipe, and the pipe.
  • Ultrasonic wave receiving elements disposed opposite to each other, an ultrasonic wave transmitter / receiver for driving the ultrasonic wave transmitting element to receive a signal from the ultrasonic wave receiving element, and a propagation time of the ultrasonic wave propagating through a medium in the pipe
  • a deposit thickness calculator for calculating the thickness of the deposit inside the pipe from the propagation time using data of the outer diameter and sound velocity of the medium.
  • the method for measuring a deposit thickness inside a pipe is a method for measuring the thickness of a deposit inside a pipe, wherein an ultrasonic transmission element is arranged on one side of the pipe, and the pipe is sandwiched between them.
  • the ultrasonic receiving elements are arranged opposite to each other, the ultrasonic transmitting element is driven to generate ultrasonic waves in the medium inside the pipe, and the transmitted wave signal propagated through the medium in the pipe is received by the ultrasonic receiving element. Then, the propagation time of the received signal is measured, and the thickness of the deposit inside the pipe is calculated from the propagation time using the outer diameter and sound velocity data of the medium.
  • the signal obtained by calculating a plurality of transmitted wave signals of ultrasonic waves propagating in the axial direction in the pipe filled with liquid according to Example 1 of the present invention is compared with the case where there is no deposit and the case where there is no deposit It is the figure typically shown.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing the entire configuration of a deposit thickness measuring apparatus using ultrasonic waves according to the present embodiment, along with piping to be inspected.
  • both ends of the pipe 1 are open. There are many such open shapes at both ends, for example, in heat exchangers. Deposits 2 may occur on the inner surface of the pipe 1 due to the medium inside the pipe. In this embodiment, an example in which the thickness of the deposit 2 is measured will be described.
  • the deposit thickness measuring apparatus includes an ultrasonic transmission sensor 3 disposed on one side of the pipe 1, an ultrasonic reception sensor 4 disposed opposite to the ultrasonic transmission sensor 3 across the pipe 1, and an ultrasonic transmission sensor 3.
  • the ultrasonic transmitter / receiver 5 that receives the waveform signal from the ultrasonic wave reception sensor 4, the A / D converter 6 that converts the waveform signal output from the ultrasonic transmitter / receiver 5 into a digital waveform signal, and the digital waveform signal
  • a computer 7 composed of a propagation time measuring unit 7a for measuring the propagation time of the sample, a deposit thickness calculating unit 7b for calculating the deposit thickness from the propagation time, and a display device 9 for displaying the measurement result of the deposit thickness.
  • the ultrasonic transmission sensor 3 is disposed near the center of the pipe 1 and is connected to the ultrasonic transmitter / receiver 5 by a coaxial cable or the like.
  • the ultrasonic transmission sensor 3 is constituted by, for example, a piezoelectric element.
  • the ultrasonic receiving sensor 4 arranged on the opposite side is arranged near the center of the pipe 1 and is connected to the ultrasonic transceiver 5 by a coaxial cable or the like.
  • the ultrasonic wave reception sensor 4 is constituted by a piezoelectric element, for example.
  • the ultrasonic transmitter / receiver 3 is connected to the deposit thickness calculator 7b and the A / D converter 6 through a digital cable, and applies a transmission waveform signal to the ultrasonic transmission sensor 3 under the control of the deposit thickness calculator 7b. Further, the reception waveform signal from the ultrasonic reception sensor 4 is amplified, and the amplified reception waveform signal is output to the A / D converter 6.
  • the computer 7 functions as a propagation time measuring unit 7a and a deposit thickness calculating unit 7b.
  • the A / D converter 6 converts the received waveform signal output from the ultrasonic transceiver 3 into a digital waveform signal and outputs the digital waveform signal to the propagation time measurement unit 7 a included in the computer 7.
  • the deposit thickness calculator 7 b outputs a control command such as an ultrasonic transmission command to the ultrasonic transceiver 3. Moreover, the deposit thickness calculation process mentioned later is performed.
  • the display device 9 displays display information such as the deposit thickness calculated by the deposit thickness calculation unit 8, and a digital waveform input by the propagation time measurement unit 7 from the A / D converter 6 as necessary. Display the signal.
  • step S101 the deposit thickness calculator 7b controls the ultrasonic transmitter / receiver 5, applies a voltage to the ultrasonic transmission sensor 3, and transmits the ultrasonic wave 10 from the ultrasonic transmission sensor 3 to the inside of the pipe 1.
  • the ultrasonic wave 10 propagates through the liquid 11 inside the pipe 1 and reaches the position of the ultrasonic wave reception sensor 4.
  • step S ⁇ b> 102 the A / D converter 6 starts recording waveform data from the timing when the ultrasonic transmitter / receiver 5 applies a voltage to the ultrasonic transmission sensor 3, and transmits the ultrasonic waves propagated through the pipe 1.
  • a signal obtained by amplifying the signal received by the ultrasonic wave receiving sensor 4 by the ultrasonic wave transmitter / receiver 5 is converted into digital data.
  • the propagation time measurement unit 7a measures the propagation time of the transmitted ultrasonic wave.
  • FIG. 3 shows the state of the transmitted wave signal when there is no deposit inside the pipe 1 and when there is no deposit.
  • the propagation time measuring unit 7a measures the propagation time of the waveform signal 15a or the waveform signal 15b that appears after the waveform signal 14a or the waveform signal 14b.
  • the waveform signals 14a and 15a or the waveform signals 14b and 15b may not be completely separated, and it may be difficult to measure the propagation time. A method in that case will be described in Example 2.
  • step S104 the sound speed is obtained from the propagation time.
  • the speed of sound is calculated by dividing the distance between the ultrasonic transmission sensor 3 and the ultrasonic reception sensor by the measured propagation time.
  • referring to the relationship between frequency ⁇ liquid column outer diameter and sound velocity (preliminarily stored as data) shown in FIG. 3 is known).
  • the liquid column outer diameter is r3.
  • step S105 the deposit thickness is obtained from the difference between the pipe inner diameter r2 and the liquid column outer diameter r3.
  • a wall thickness parameter is calculated using a sound wave propagation theory.
  • a technique for calculating a wall thickness parameter by calculating a predicted value corresponding to the propagation velocity as a function of and adapting the measured value and the predicted value.
  • the above prior art has the following problems. That is, it is a principle of calculating the corresponding predicted value of the propagation velocity as a function of the wall thickness parameter using a sound wave propagation theory, and is a technique for measuring the wall thickness of the pipe.
  • the thickness of the deposit 2 inside the pipe 1 is determined.
  • the ultrasonic transmission element 3 disposed on one side of the pipe 1, the ultrasonic reception element 4 disposed opposite to the pipe 1, and the ultrasonic transmission element 3 by driving the ultrasonic transmission element 3.
  • an ultrasonic transmitter / receiver 5 that receives a signal from the transmission line 4
  • a propagation time measurement unit 7 a that measures the propagation time of the ultrasonic wave that has propagated through the medium in the pipe, and the propagation using the outer diameter and sound velocity data of the medium. Since the deposit thickness calculator 7b for calculating the thickness of the deposit inside the pipe from the time is provided, the average thickness of the deposit 2 inside the pipe 1 can be measured.
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram schematically showing the entire configuration of the deposit thickness measuring apparatus using ultrasonic waves according to the present embodiment, along with the piping to be inspected.
  • the deposit thickness measuring apparatus using ultrasonic waves according to the present embodiment is similar to the deposit thickness measuring apparatus shown in FIG.
  • the ultrasonic reception sensor 4 includes five ultrasonic reception sensors 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, and 4e. Of the five ultrasonic reception sensors, four ultrasonic reception sensors 4a, 4b, 4c, and 4d are arranged at positions close to the outer periphery of the pipe, and one ultrasonic reception sensor 4e is near the center of the pipe. Placed in.
  • the five ultrasonic reception sensors 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, and 4e may be connected to the ultrasonic transmitter / receiver 5 by individual cables (coaxial cables or the like), or are arranged on the outer periphery. 4a, 4b, 4c, and 4d may be connected in parallel to be connected to the ultrasonic transmitter / receiver 5 with two cables together with the ultrasonic reception sensor 4e.
  • step S103 in addition to step S103 described in the first embodiment, addition / subtraction processing of a plurality of transmitted wave signals is performed.
  • Sa a waveform signal received by the ultrasonic receiving sensors 4a, 4b, 4c, and 4d arranged on the outer periphery
  • Se a waveform signal received by the ultrasonic receiving sensor 4e.
  • the ultrasonic zero-order mode S0 the entire liquid column is displaced in the same phase
  • the primary mode S1 the liquid column center and outer periphery are displaced in the opposite phase
  • the waveform signal can be obtained by separating the mode Vg0 in which the sound velocity does not change depending on the outer diameter of the liquid column and the mode Vg1 in which the sound velocity changes depending on the outer diameter of the liquid column.
  • FIG. 8 shows an example of the signal. Comparing the calculation waveform 1 and the calculation waveform 2, the calculation waveform 1 is the same in the case where there is no deposit and the case where there is no deposit, but in the calculation waveform 2, signals appear at different positions depending on whether there is no deposit. .
  • the calculation waveform can be separated. It is possible to measure the propagation time.
  • the transmission ultrasonic transmission sensor 3 includes five ultrasonic transmission sensors 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, and 3e. Of the five ultrasonic transmission sensors, four ultrasonic transmission sensors 3a, 3b, 3c, and 3d are arranged at positions close to the outer periphery of the pipe, and one ultrasonic transmission sensor 3e is near the center of the pipe. Placed in.
  • the five ultrasonic transmission sensors 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, and 3e may be connected to the ultrasonic transmitter / receiver 5 by individual cables (coaxial cables or the like), or ultrasonic transmission sensors arranged on the outer periphery.
  • 3a, 3b, 3c, and 3d may be connected in parallel to form one, and the ultrasonic transmitter / receiver 5 may be connected to the ultrasonic transmitter / receiver 5 through two cables together with the ultrasonic transmission sensor 3e.
  • a waveform of the mode Vg0 in which the ultrasonic velocity is not changed by the outer diameter of the liquid column by arranging a plurality of ultrasonic transmission sensors 3 or ultrasonic reception sensors 4 in the radial direction and adding or subtracting a plurality of signals. Since the signal and the waveform signal of the mode Vg1 in which the sound velocity changes depending on the outer diameter of the liquid column are separated, it can be expected that the measurement of the propagation time is reliable.
  • FIG. 9 is a diagram schematically showing the overall configuration of the deposit thickness measuring apparatus using ultrasonic waves according to the present embodiment, along with the piping to be inspected.
  • the deposit thickness measuring apparatus using ultrasonic waves according to the present embodiment is similar to the deposit thickness measuring apparatus shown in FIG.
  • the transmission ultrasonic transmission sensor 3 includes five ultrasonic transmission sensors 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, and 3e.
  • the transmission ultrasonic transmission sensor 3 also has a reception function. For example, when the deposit is local, such as 2a and 2b, the ultrasonic wave 10 is reflected by the deposit 2a and 2b. It fulfills the function of receiving ultrasonic waves that return as ultrasonic reflected waves 10a and 10b.
  • the ultrasonic transmission sensor 3 since the ultrasonic transmission sensor 3 also serves as a reception function and detects the reflected waves from the local deposits 2a and 2b, the average deposit thickness is small. When detection by this method is difficult, the detection performance of deposits can be improved by using this example together.

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif pour mesurer l'épaisseur d'un dépôt dans un tube utilisé dans une usine ou analogue ; et un procédé pour une telle mesure. Le dispositif de mesure de l'épaisseur d'un dépôt à l'aide d'ondes ultrasonores comprend : un élément d'émission d'ondes ultrasonores disposé sur un côté d'un tube ; un élément de réception d'ondes ultrasonores disposé en face de l'élément d'émission, avec le tube entre eux ; un émetteur-récepteur d'ondes ultrasonores qui commande l'élément d'émission d'ondes ultrasonores et qui reçoit un signal provenant de l'élément de réception d'ondes ultrasonores ; une unité de mesure de temps de propagation qui mesure le temps de propagation d'une onde ultrasonore qui s'est propagée à travers un milieu dans le tube ; et une unité de calcul d'épaisseur de dépôt qui calcule l'épaisseur d'un dépôt dans le tube à partir du temps de propagation à l'aide du diamètre externe du milieu et de données de vitesse sonore.
PCT/JP2016/082506 2015-11-20 2016-11-02 Dispositif de mesure d'épaisseur de dépôt à l'aide d'ondes ultrasonores, et procédé associé WO2017086150A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2017551810A JP6458164B2 (ja) 2015-11-20 2016-11-02 超音波を用いた堆積物厚さ測定装置及びその方法
MYPI2018701072A MY196045A (en) 2015-11-20 2016-11-02 Device for Measuring Deposit Thickness using Ultrasonic Waves, and Method Therefor

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2015-227224 2015-11-20
JP2015227224 2015-11-20

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108008017A (zh) * 2017-12-05 2018-05-08 董海峰 一种石油管内沉积物检测装置
US20230003572A1 (en) * 2021-06-30 2023-01-05 Endress+Hauser Conducta Gmbh+Co. Kg Interface sensor and operating method of an interface sensor

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6254112A (ja) * 1985-09-03 1987-03-09 Fuji Electric Co Ltd 管内スケ−ル厚さの測定方法
JP2002328119A (ja) * 2001-05-01 2002-11-15 Hideo Nishino 管パラメーター推定方法、管材質の状態評価方法及び管の検査方法並びにこれらに用いられる管パラメーター推定装置
JP2008076296A (ja) * 2006-09-22 2008-04-03 Kyushu Electric Power Co Inc 超音波探傷装置およびローレンツ力を用いた超音波探傷方法

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6634233B2 (en) * 2001-01-23 2003-10-21 Wright State University Method for determining the wall thickness and the speed of sound in a tube from reflected and transmitted ultrasound pulses

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6254112A (ja) * 1985-09-03 1987-03-09 Fuji Electric Co Ltd 管内スケ−ル厚さの測定方法
JP2002328119A (ja) * 2001-05-01 2002-11-15 Hideo Nishino 管パラメーター推定方法、管材質の状態評価方法及び管の検査方法並びにこれらに用いられる管パラメーター推定装置
JP2008076296A (ja) * 2006-09-22 2008-04-03 Kyushu Electric Power Co Inc 超音波探傷装置およびローレンツ力を用いた超音波探傷方法

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108008017A (zh) * 2017-12-05 2018-05-08 董海峰 一种石油管内沉积物检测装置
CN108008017B (zh) * 2017-12-05 2020-09-29 中国特种设备检测研究院 一种石油管内沉积物检测装置
US20230003572A1 (en) * 2021-06-30 2023-01-05 Endress+Hauser Conducta Gmbh+Co. Kg Interface sensor and operating method of an interface sensor

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JP6458164B2 (ja) 2019-01-23
JPWO2017086150A1 (ja) 2018-06-14
MY196045A (en) 2023-03-09

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